1
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Al-Rikabi ABH, Cioffi MDB, Liehr T. Chromosome Microdissection on Semi-Archived Material. Cytometry A 2019; 95:1285-1288. [PMID: 31532073 DOI: 10.1002/cyto.a.23896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Revised: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Glass needle-based chromosome microdissection (midi) is a standard approach developed in the 1980s and remains more frequently applied in testing than the comparable technique using laser-based platforms. As the amount of DNA extracted by this technique is minimal and often in the range of picograms, the isolated DNA must be further amplified prior to use; the isolated amplified product can be readily utilized in multiple molecular research and diagnostic investigation. DNA libraries created by midi are either chromosome- or chromosome-region-specific. However, a critical component to this process is the need for timely chromosome preparation via the air-drying method not to exceed a ~2-3 h before midi is performed. Failure of this time-sensitive step often results in the chromosomes drying out after dropping, and upon initiation of the midi technique, the dissected material can jump away while touching by the needle, and collection of a suitable sample is inhibited. Herein, we demonstrate with a simple adaptation of the standard procedure, midi can be performed on semi-archived material stored for longer periods at -20°C. Thus, the critical step to obtain well-spread chromosome preparations can be completed under established conditions, for example, in the primary laboratory, stored at -20°C, and sent directly to specialized reference laboratories offering midi. In our study, we were able to obtain high-quality DNA libraries, as verified by gel electrophoreses and reverse fluorescence in situ hybridization, via midi extracted chromosome spreads derived from human, fish, snake, lampbrush, and insect stored for up to 6 months. © 2019 The Authors. Cytometry Part A published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of International Society for Advancement of Cytometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed B Hamid Al-Rikabi
- Jena University Hospital, Institute of Human Genetics, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany
| | - Marcelo de Bello Cioffi
- Jena University Hospital, Institute of Human Genetics, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany.,Departamento de Genética e Evolução, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Thomas Liehr
- Jena University Hospital, Institute of Human Genetics, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany
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2
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Fernandino JI, Hattori RS. Sex determination in Neotropical fish: Implications ranging from aquaculture technology to ecological assessment. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2019; 273:172-183. [PMID: 29990492 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2018.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Revised: 05/09/2018] [Accepted: 07/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The high biodiversity of fish in the Neotropical region contrasts with scarce or biased studies on the mechanisms involved in the sex determination in members of this fauna. In this review, we attempted to compile the information available on determination, differentiation, and manipulation of sex for Neotropical species, with special focus on silversides and other two speciose groups, known as characins (Characiformes) and catfishes (Siluriformes). Currently, there is plenty of information available on chromosomal sex determination systems, which includes both male and female heterogamety with many variations, and sex chromosomes evolution at the macro chromosomal level. However, there is hitherto a blank in information at micro, gene/molecule levels and in research related to the effects of environmental cues on sex determination; most of reported studies are limited to silversides and guppies. In view of such a high diversity, it is critically necessary to establish key model species for relevant Neotropical fish taxa and also multi-disciplinary research groups in order to uncover the main patterns and trends that dictate the mechanisms of sex determination and gonadal differentiation in this icthyofauna. By increasing our knowledge on sex determination/differentiation with the identification of sex chromosome-linked markers or sex-determining genes, characterization of the onset timing of morphological gonadal differentiation, and determination of the environmental-hormonal labile period of gonadal sex determination in reference species, it will be possible to use those information as guidelines for application in other related groups. Overall, the strategic advance in this research field will be crucial for the development of biotechnological tools for aquaculture industry and for conservation of fish fauna from the Neotropical Region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Ignacio Fernandino
- Laboratorio de Biología del Desarrollo, Instituto Tecnológico de Chascomús (INTECH), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas/Universidad Nacional de San Martín (CONICET/UNSAM), Chascomús, Argentina.
| | - Ricardo Shohei Hattori
- Salmonid Experimental Station at Campos do Jordão, UPD-CJ (APTA/SAA), Campos do Jordão, Brazil.
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3
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Pucci MB, Nogaroto V, Bertollo LAC, Orlando Moreira-Filho, Vicari MR. The karyotypes and evolution of ZZ/ZW sex chromosomes in the genus Characidium (Characiformes, Crenuchidae). COMPARATIVE CYTOGENETICS 2018; 12:421-438. [PMID: 30310546 PMCID: PMC6177511 DOI: 10.3897/compcytogen.v12i3.28736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Accepted: 09/07/2018] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Available data on cytotaxonomy of the genus Characidium Reinhardt, 1867, which contains the greatest number of species in the Characidiinae (Crenuchidae), with 64 species widely distributed throughout the Neotropical region, were summarized and reviewed. Most Characidium species have uniform diploid chromosome number (2n) = 50 and karyotype with 32 metacentric (m) and 18 submetacentric (sm) chromosomes. The maintenance of the 2n and karyotypic formula in Characidium implies that their genomes did not experience large chromosomal rearrangements during species diversification. In contrast, the internal chromosomal organization shows a dynamic differentiation among their genomes. Available data indicated the role of repeated DNA sequences in the chromosomal constitution of the Characidium species, particularly, in sex chromosome differentiation. Karyotypes of the most Characidium species exhibit a heteromorphic ZZ/ZW sex chromosome system. The W chromosome is characterized by high rates of repetitive DNA accumulation, including satellite, microsatellite, and transposable elements (TEs), with a varied degree of diversification among species. In the current review, the main Characidium cytogenetic data are presented, highlighting the major features of its karyotype and sex chromosome evolution. Despite the conserved karyotypic macrostructure with prevalent 2n = 50 chromosomes in Characidium, herein we grouped the main cytogenetic information which led to chromosomal diversification in this Neotropical fish group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcela Baer Pucci
- Departamento de Genética e Evolução, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luís, Km 235, 13565-905, São Carlos, São Paulo State, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São CarlosSão CarlosBrazil
| | - Viviane Nogaroto
- Departamanento de Biologia Estrutural, Molecular e Genética, Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa, Av. Carlos Cavalcanti, 4748, 84030-900, Ponta Grossa, Paraná State, BrazilUniversidade Estadual de Ponta GrossaPonta GrossaBrazil
| | - Luiz Antonio Carlos Bertollo
- Departamento de Genética e Evolução, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luís, Km 235, 13565-905, São Carlos, São Paulo State, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São CarlosSão CarlosBrazil
| | - Orlando Moreira-Filho
- Departamento de Genética e Evolução, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luís, Km 235, 13565-905, São Carlos, São Paulo State, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São CarlosSão CarlosBrazil
| | - Marcelo Ricardo Vicari
- Departamanento de Biologia Estrutural, Molecular e Genética, Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa, Av. Carlos Cavalcanti, 4748, 84030-900, Ponta Grossa, Paraná State, BrazilUniversidade Estadual de Ponta GrossaPonta GrossaBrazil
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4
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Pucci MB, Nogaroto V, Moreira-Filho O, Vicari MR. Dispersion of transposable elements and multigene families: Microstructural variation in Characidium (Characiformes: Crenuchidae) genomes. Genet Mol Biol 2018; 41:585-592. [PMID: 30043833 PMCID: PMC6136364 DOI: 10.1590/1678-4685-gmb-2017-0121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2017] [Accepted: 11/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Eukaryotic genomes consist of several repetitive DNAs, including dispersed DNA
sequences that move between chromosome sites, tandem repeats of DNA sequences,
and multigene families. In this study, repeated sequences isolated from the
genome of Characidium gomesi were analyzed and mapped to
chromosomes in Characidium zebra and specimens from two
populations of C. gomesi. The sequences were transposable
elements (TEs) named retroelement of Xiphophorus (Rex);
multigene families of U2 small nuclear RNA (U2 snRNA); and
histones H1, H3, and H4. Sequence analyses revealed that U2
snRNA contains a major portion corresponding to the Tx1-type
non-LTR retrotransposon Keno, the preferential insertion sites
of which are U2 snRNA sequences. All histone sequences were
found to be associated with TEs. In situ localization revealed
that these DNA sequences are dispersed throughout the autosomes of the species,
but they are not involved in differentiation of the specific region of the W sex
chromosome in C. gomesi. We discuss mechanisms of TE invasion
into multigene families that lead to microstructural variation in
Characidium genomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcela Baer Pucci
- Departamento de Genética e Evolução, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Viviane Nogaroto
- Departamento de Biologia Estrutural, Molecular e Genética, Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa Ponta Grossa, PR, Brazil
| | - Orlando Moreira-Filho
- Departamento de Genética e Evolução, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Ricardo Vicari
- Departamento de Biologia Estrutural, Molecular e Genética, Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa Ponta Grossa, PR, Brazil
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5
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Cytogenetics characterization of Crenuchus spilurus (Günther, 1863): a remarkable low diploid value within family Crenuchidae (Characiformes). Biologia (Bratisl) 2018. [DOI: 10.2478/s11756-018-0006-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Chromosomal Evolution in Lower Vertebrates: Sex Chromosomes in Neotropical Fishes. Genes (Basel) 2017; 8:genes8100258. [PMID: 28981468 PMCID: PMC5664108 DOI: 10.3390/genes8100258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2017] [Revised: 09/27/2017] [Accepted: 09/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Fishes exhibit the greatest diversity of species among vertebrates, offering a number of relevant models for genetic and evolutionary studies. The investigation of sex chromosome differentiation is a very active and striking research area of fish cytogenetics, as fishes represent one of the most vital model groups. Neotropical fish species show an amazing variety of sex chromosome systems, where different stages of differentiation can be found, ranging from homomorphic to highly differentiated sex chromosomes. Here, we draw attention on the impact of recent developments in molecular cytogenetic analyses that helped to elucidate many unknown questions about fish sex chromosome evolution, using excellent characiform models occurring in the Neotropical region, namely the Erythrinidae family and the Triportheus genus. While in Erythrinidae distinct XY and/or multiple XY-derived sex chromosome systems have independently evolved at least four different times, representatives of Triportheus show an opposite scenario, i.e., highly conserved ZZ/ZW system with a monophyletic origin. In both cases, recent molecular approaches, such as mapping of repetitive DNA classes, comparative genomic hybridization (CGH), and whole chromosome painting (WCP), allowed us to unmask several new features linked to the molecular composition and differentiation processes of sex chromosomes in fishes.
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7
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Yano CF, Bertollo LAC, Ezaz T, Trifonov V, Sember A, Liehr T, Cioffi MB. Highly conserved Z and molecularly diverged W chromosomes in the fish genus Triportheus (Characiformes, Triportheidae). Heredity (Edinb) 2016; 118:276-283. [PMID: 28000659 DOI: 10.1038/hdy.2016.83] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2016] [Revised: 06/24/2016] [Accepted: 07/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The main objectives of this study were to test: (1) whether the W-chromosome differentiation matches to species' evolutionary divergence (phylogenetic concordance) and (2) whether sex chromosomes share a common ancestor within a congeneric group. The monophyletic genus Triportheus (Characiformes, Triportheidae) was the model group for this study. All species in this genus so far analyzed have ZW sex chromosome system, where the Z is always the largest chromosome of the karyotype, whereas the W chromosome is highly variable ranging from almost homomorphic to highly heteromorphic. We applied conventional and molecular cytogenetic approaches including C-banding, ribosomal DNA mapping, comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) and cross-species whole chromosome painting (WCP) to test our questions. We developed Z- and W-chromosome paints from T. auritus for cross-species WCP and performed CGH in a representative species (T. signatus) to decipher level of homologies and rates of differentiation of W chromosomes. Our study revealed that the ZW sex chromosome system had a common origin, showing highly conserved Z chromosomes and remarkably divergent W chromosomes. Notably, the W chromosomes have evolved to different shapes and sequence contents within ~15-25 Myr of divergence time. Such differentiation highlights a dynamic process of W-chromosome evolution within congeneric species of Triportheus.
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Affiliation(s)
- C F Yano
- Departamento de Genética e Evolução, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, Brazil
| | - L A C Bertollo
- Departamento de Genética e Evolução, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, Brazil
| | - T Ezaz
- Institute for Applied Ecology, University of Canberra, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - V Trifonov
- Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - A Sember
- Laboratory of Fish Genetics, Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Liběchov, Czech Republic
| | - T Liehr
- Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University, Institute of Human Genetics, Jena, Germany
| | - M B Cioffi
- Departamento de Genética e Evolução, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, Brazil
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8
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Pucci MB, Barbosa P, Nogaroto V, Almeida MC, Artoni RF, Scacchetti PC, Pansonato-Alves JC, Foresti F, Moreira-Filho O, Vicari MR. Chromosomal Spreading of Microsatellites and (TTAGGG)n Sequences in the Characidium zebra and C. gomesi Genomes (Characiformes: Crenuchidae). Cytogenet Genome Res 2016; 149:182-190. [DOI: 10.1159/000447959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Sex chromosome evolution involves the accumulation of repeat sequences such as multigenic families, noncoding repetitive DNA (satellite, minisatellite, and microsatellite), and mobile elements such as transposons and retrotransposons. Most species of Characidium exhibit heteromorphic ZZ/ZW sex chromosomes; the W is characterized by an intense accumulation of repetitive DNA including dispersed satellite DNA sequences and transposable elements. The aim of this study was to analyze the distribution pattern of 18 different tandem repeats, including (GATA)n and (TTAGGG)n, in the genomes of C. zebra and C. gomesi, especially in the C. gomesi W chromosome. In the C. gomesi W chromosome, weak signals were seen for (CAA)10, (CAC)10, (CAT)10, (CGG)10, (GAC)10, and (CA)15 probes. (GA)15 and (TA)15 hybridized to the autosomes but not to the W chromosome. The (GATA)n probe hybridized to the short arms of the W chromosome as well as the (CG)15 probe. The (GATA)n repeat is known to be a protein-binding motif. GATA-binding proteins are necessary for the decondensation of heterochromatic regions that hold coding genes, especially in some heteromorphic sex chromosomes that may keep genes related to oocyte development. The (TAA)10 repeat is accumulated in the entire W chromosome, and this microsatellite accumulation is probably involved in the sex chromosome differentiation process and crossover suppression in C. gomesi. These additional data on the W chromosome DNA composition help to explain the evolution of sex chromosomes in Characidium.
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9
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Sokos C, Birtsas P, Papaspyropoulos KG, Tsachalidis E, Giannakopoulos A, Milis C, Spyrou V, Manolakou K, Valiakos G, Iakovakis C, Athanasiou LV, Sfougaris A, Billinis C. Mammals and habitat disturbance: the case of brown hare and wildfire. Curr Zool 2016; 62:421-430. [PMID: 29491931 PMCID: PMC5804280 DOI: 10.1093/cz/zow020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2015] [Accepted: 01/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Ecosystem disturbances, such as wildfires, are driving forces that determine ecology and conservation measures. Species respond differentially to wildfires, having diverse post-fire population evolution. This study reports, for first time, the responses of brown hare (Lepus europaeus Pallas, 1778) to wildfires. Hare relative abundance, age ratio, diet quality, body condition, and diseases were studied. Fire influence on vegetation was calculated at a micro-scale level. Hare abundance was lower the first year after wildfires in burned relative to unburned areas. The reverse was found in the second year when hare abundance was higher in burned areas. Hare abundance in burned areas was also higher in the third and fourth years. In the fifth and sixth years after wildfire no significant difference was found in abundance. At a micro-scale level, higher numbers of hare feces were counted in places with greater wildfire influence on vegetation. Age ratio analysis revealed more juveniles in burned areas, but the same number of neonates in burned and unburned areas, indicating lower mortality of juveniles in burned areas. Reduced predation in burned areas provides the most plausible explanation for our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christos Sokos
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Thessaly, 43100 Karditsa, Hellas, Greece.,Institute for Research and Technology Thessaly, Larissa, Hellas, Greece.,Research Division, Hunting Federation of Macedonia and Thrace, Ethnikis, Antistasis 173-175, 55134 Thessaloniki, Hellas, Greece
| | - Periklis Birtsas
- Laboratory of Wildlife, Department of Forestry and Management of Natural Environment, Technological Institute of Thessaly, Karditsa, Hellas, Greece
| | - Konstantinos G Papaspyropoulos
- Research Division, Hunting Federation of Macedonia and Thrace, Ethnikis, Antistasis 173-175, 55134 Thessaloniki, Hellas, Greece
| | - Efstathios Tsachalidis
- Laboratory of Hunting Management, Department of Forestry and Environmental Management, Democritus University of Thrace, Orestiada, Hellas, Greece
| | - Alexios Giannakopoulos
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Thessaly, 43100 Karditsa, Hellas, Greece
| | - Chrysostomos Milis
- Ministry of Rural Development and Foods, Feed Stuff Control Laboratory of Thessaloniki, Thermi, Thessaloniki, Hellas, Greece
| | - Vassiliki Spyrou
- Department of Animal Production, Technological Institute of Thessaly, Larissa, Hellas, Greece
| | - Katerina Manolakou
- Department of Animal Husbandry and Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Thessaly, Karditsa, Hellas, Greece
| | - George Valiakos
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Thessaly, 43100 Karditsa, Hellas, Greece.,Institute for Research and Technology Thessaly, Larissa, Hellas, Greece
| | - Christos Iakovakis
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Thessaly, 43100 Karditsa, Hellas, Greece.,Institute for Research and Technology Thessaly, Larissa, Hellas, Greece
| | - Labrini V Athanasiou
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Thessaly, Karditsa, Hellas, Greece
| | - Athanasios Sfougaris
- Laboratory of Ecosystem and Biodiversity Management, Faculty of Agriculture, Crop Production and Rural Environment, University of Thessaly, Volos, Hellas, Greece
| | - Charalambos Billinis
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Thessaly, 43100 Karditsa, Hellas, Greece.,Institute for Research and Technology Thessaly, Larissa, Hellas, Greece
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Scacchetti PC, Utsunomia R, Pansonato-Alves JC, da Costa Silva GJ, Vicari MR, Artoni RF, Oliveira C, Foresti F. Repetitive DNA Sequences and Evolution of ZZ/ZW Sex Chromosomes in Characidium (Teleostei: Characiformes). PLoS One 2015; 10:e0137231. [PMID: 26372604 PMCID: PMC4570811 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0137231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2015] [Accepted: 08/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Characidium constitutes an interesting model for cytogenetic studies, since a large degree of karyotype variation has been detected in this group, like the presence/absence of sex and supernumerary chromosomes and variable distribution of repetitive sequences in different species/populations. In this study, we performed a comparative cytogenetic analysis in 13 Characidium species collected at different South American river basins in order to investigate the karyotype diversification in this group. Chromosome analyses involved the karyotype characterization, cytogenetic mapping of repetitive DNA sequences and cross-species chromosome painting using a W-specific probe obtained in a previous study from Characidium gomesi. Our results evidenced a conserved diploid chromosome number of 2n = 50, and almost all the species exhibited homeologous ZZ/ZW sex chromosomes in different stages of differentiation, except C. cf. zebra, C. tenue, C. xavante and C. stigmosum. Notably, some ZZ/ZW sex chromosomes showed 5S and/or 18S rDNA clusters, while no U2 snDNA sites could be detected in the sex chromosomes, being restricted to a single chromosome pair in almost all the analyzed species. In addition, the species Characidium sp. aff. C. vidali showed B chromosomes with an inter-individual variation of 1 to 4 supernumerary chromosomes per cell. Notably, these B chromosomes share sequences with the W-specific probe, providing insights about their origin. Results presented here further confirm the extensive karyotype diversity within Characidium in contrast with a conserved diploid chromosome number. Such chromosome differences seem to constitute a significant reproductive barrier, since several sympatric Characidium species had been described during the last few years and no interespecific hybrids were found.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priscilla Cardim Scacchetti
- Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Instituto de Biociências de Botucatu/IBB, Departamento de Morfologia, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
- * E-mail:
| | - Ricardo Utsunomia
- Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Instituto de Biociências de Botucatu/IBB, Departamento de Morfologia, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - José Carlos Pansonato-Alves
- Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Instituto de Biociências de Botucatu/IBB, Departamento de Morfologia, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Guilherme José da Costa Silva
- Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Instituto de Biociências de Botucatu/IBB, Departamento de Morfologia, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Ricardo Vicari
- Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa (UEPG), Departamento de Biologia Estrutural, Molecular e Genética, Ponta Grossa, PR, Brazil
| | - Roberto Ferreira Artoni
- Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa (UEPG), Departamento de Biologia Estrutural, Molecular e Genética, Ponta Grossa, PR, Brazil
| | - Claudio Oliveira
- Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Instituto de Biociências de Botucatu/IBB, Departamento de Morfologia, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Fausto Foresti
- Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Instituto de Biociências de Botucatu/IBB, Departamento de Morfologia, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
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11
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Scacchetti PC, Utsunomia R, Pansonato-Alves JC, Vicari MR, Artoni RF, Oliveira C, Foresti F. Chromosomal Mapping of Repetitive DNAs in Characidium (Teleostei, Characiformes): Genomic Organization and Diversification of ZW Sex Chromosomes. Cytogenet Genome Res 2015; 146:136-143. [PMID: 26277929 DOI: 10.1159/000437165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The speciose neotropical genus Characidium has proven to be a good model for cytogenetic exploration. Representatives of this genus often have a conserved diploid chromosome number; some species exhibit a highly differentiated ZZ/ZW sex chromosome system, while others do not show any sex-related chromosome heteromorphism. In this study, chromosome painting using a W-specific probe and comparative chromosome mapping of repetitive sequences, including ribosomal clusters and 4 microsatellite motifs - (CA)15, (GA)15, (CG)15, and (TTA)10 -, were performed in 6 Characidium species, 5 of which possessed a heteromorphic ZW sex chromosome system. The W-specific probe showed hybridization signals on the W chromosome of all analyzed species, indicating homology among the W chromosomes. Remarkably, a single major rDNA-bearing chromosome pair was found in all species. The 18S rDNA localized to the sex chromosomes in C. lanei, C. timbuiense and C. pterostictum, while the major rDNA localized to one autosome pair in C. vidali and C. gomesi. In contrast, the number of 5S rDNA-bearing chromosomes varied. Notably, minor ribosomal clusters were identified in the W chromosome of C. vidali. Microsatellites were widely distributed across almost all chromosomes of the karyotypes, with a greater accumulation in the subtelomeric regions. However, clear differences in the abundance of each motif were detected in each species. In addition, the Z and W chromosomes showed the differential accumulation of distinct motifs. Our results revealed variability in the distribution of repetitive DNA sequences and their possible association with sex chromosome diversification in Characidium species.
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12
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Sex chromosome composition revealed in Characidium fishes (Characiformes: Crenuchidae) by molecular cytogenetic methods. Biologia (Bratisl) 2014. [DOI: 10.2478/s11756-014-0434-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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13
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Sex determination in Antarctic notothenioid fish: chromosomal clues and evolutionary hypotheses. Polar Biol 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s00300-014-1601-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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14
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Pucci MB, Barbosa P, Nogaroto V, Almeida MC, Artoni RF, Pansonato-Alves JC, Foresti F, Moreira-Filho O, Vicari MR. Population differentiation and speciation in the genusCharacidium(Characiformes: Crenuchidae): effects of reproductive and chromosomal barriers. Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2014. [DOI: 10.1111/bij.12218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marcela Baer Pucci
- Departamento de Biologia Estrutural, Molecular e Genética; Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa; Av. Carlos Cavalcanti, 4748 Ponta Grossa-PR 84030-900 Brazil
| | - Patrícia Barbosa
- Departamento de Biologia Estrutural, Molecular e Genética; Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa; Av. Carlos Cavalcanti, 4748 Ponta Grossa-PR 84030-900 Brazil
| | - Viviane Nogaroto
- Departamento de Biologia Estrutural, Molecular e Genética; Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa; Av. Carlos Cavalcanti, 4748 Ponta Grossa-PR 84030-900 Brazil
| | - Mara Cristina Almeida
- Departamento de Biologia Estrutural, Molecular e Genética; Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa; Av. Carlos Cavalcanti, 4748 Ponta Grossa-PR 84030-900 Brazil
| | - Roberto Ferreira Artoni
- Departamento de Biologia Estrutural, Molecular e Genética; Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa; Av. Carlos Cavalcanti, 4748 Ponta Grossa-PR 84030-900 Brazil
| | - José Carlos Pansonato-Alves
- Departamento de Morfologia; Universidade Estadual Paulista; Distrito de Rubião Junior, s/n Botucatu-SP 18618-970 Brazil
| | - Fausto Foresti
- Departamento de Morfologia; Universidade Estadual Paulista; Distrito de Rubião Junior, s/n Botucatu-SP 18618-970 Brazil
| | - Orlando Moreira-Filho
- Departamento de Genética e Evolução; Universidade Federal de São Carlos; Rodovia Washington Luís, Km 235 São Carlos-SP 13565-905 Brazil
| | - Marcelo Ricardo Vicari
- Departamento de Biologia Estrutural, Molecular e Genética; Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa; Av. Carlos Cavalcanti, 4748 Ponta Grossa-PR 84030-900 Brazil
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Abstract
Fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) of whole arm chromosome probes is a robust technique for mapping genomic regions of interest, detecting chromosomal rearrangements, and studying three-dimensional (3D) organization of chromosomes in the cell nucleus. The advent of laser capture microdissection (LCM) and whole genome amplification (WGA) allows obtaining large quantities of DNA from single cells. The increased sensitivity of WGA kits prompted us to develop chromosome paints and to use them for exploring chromosome organization and evolution in non-model organisms. Here, we present a simple method for isolating and amplifying the euchromatic segments of single polytene chromosome arms from ovarian nurse cells of the African malaria mosquito Anopheles gambiae. This procedure provides an efficient platform for obtaining chromosome paints, while reducing the overall risk of introducing foreign DNA to the sample. The use of WGA allows for several rounds of re-amplification, resulting in high quantities of DNA that can be utilized for multiple experiments, including 2D and 3D FISH. We demonstrated that the developed chromosome paints can be successfully used to establish the correspondence between euchromatic portions of polytene and mitotic chromosome arms in An. gambiae. Overall, the union of LCM and single-chromosome WGA provides an efficient tool for creating significant amounts of target DNA for future cytogenetic and genomic studies.
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Voltolin TA, Pansonato Alves JC, Senhorini JA, Foresti F, Camacho JPM, Porto-Foresti F. Common descent of B chromosomes in two species of the fish genus Prochilodus (Characiformes, Prochilodontidae). Cytogenet Genome Res 2013; 141:206-11. [PMID: 24028973 DOI: 10.1159/000354987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
To ascertain the origin of B chromosomes in 2 fish species of the genus Prochilodus, i.e. P. lineatus and P. nigricans, we microdissected them and generated B-specific DNA probes. These probes were used to perform chromosome painting in both species and in 3 further ones belonging to the same genus (P. argenteus, P. brevis and P. costatus). Both probes hybridized with the B chromosomes in P. lineatus and P. nigricans, but with none of the chromosomes in the 5 species. This indicates that the B chromosomes have low similarity with DNAs located in the A chromosomes and suggests the possibility that the B chromosomes in the 2 species have a common origin. The most parsimonious explanation would imply intergeneric hybridization in an ancestor of P. lineatus and P. nigricans yielding the B chromosome as a byproduct, which remained in these 2 species after their phylogenetic origin, but was perhaps lost in other Prochilodus species. This hypothesis predicts that B chromosomes are old genomic elements in this genus, and this could be tested once a species from a relative genus would be found showing homology of its A chromosomes with the B-probes employed here, through a comparison of B chromosome DNA sequences with those in the A chromosomes of this other species.
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Affiliation(s)
- T A Voltolin
- Departamento Ciências Biológicas, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Campus de Bauru, Bauru, Brazil
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