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Zhang J, Sun H, Salvi R, Ding D. Paraquat initially damages cochlear support cells leading to anoikis-like hair cell death. Hear Res 2018; 364:129-141. [PMID: 29563067 PMCID: PMC5984146 DOI: 10.1016/j.heares.2018.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2017] [Revised: 02/20/2018] [Accepted: 03/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Paraquat (PQ), one of the most widely used herbicides, is extremely dangerous because it generates the highly toxic superoxide radical. When paraquat was applied to cochlear organotypic cultures, it not only damaged the outer hair cells (OHCs) and inner hair cells (IHCs), but also caused dislocation of the hair cell rows. We hypothesized that the dislocation arose from damage to the support cells (SCs) that anchors hair cells within the epithelium. To test this hypothesis, rat postnatal cochlear cultures were treated with PQ. Shortly after PQ treatment, the rows of OHCs separated from one another and migrated radially away from IHCs suggesting loss of cell-cell adhesion that hold the hair cells in proper alignment. Hair cells dislocation was associated with extensive loss of SCs in the organ of Corti, loss of tympanic border cells (TBCs) beneath the basilar membrane, the early appearance of superoxide staining and caspase-8 labeling in SCs below the OHCs and disintegration of E-cadherin and β-catenin in the organ of Corti. Damage to the TBCs and SCs occurred prior to loss of OHC or IHC loss suggesting a form of detachment-induced apoptosis referred to as anoikis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhui Zhang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, China; Center for Hearing and Deafness, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, 14214, USA
| | - Hong Sun
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, China; Center for Hearing and Deafness, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, 14214, USA
| | - Richard Salvi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, China; Center for Hearing and Deafness, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, 14214, USA; Department of Audiology and Speech-Language Pathology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Dalian Ding
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, China; Center for Hearing and Deafness, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, 14214, USA.
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Coll TA, Chaufan G, Pérez-Tito L, Ventureira MR, Sobarzo CMA, Ríos de Molina MDC, Cebral E. Oxidative stress and cellular and tissue damage in organogenic outbred mouse embryos after moderate perigestational alcohol intake. Mol Reprod Dev 2017; 84:1086-1099. [DOI: 10.1002/mrd.22865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2017] [Accepted: 07/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tamara A. Coll
- Universidad de Buenos Aires; Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales; Ciudad Autonoma de Buenos Aires Buenos Aires Argentina
- CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires; Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias (IFIBYNE); Ciudad Autonoma de Buenos Aires Buenos Aires Argentina
| | - Gabriela Chaufan
- Universidad de Buenos Aires; Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales; Ciudad Autonoma de Buenos Aires Buenos Aires Argentina
- CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Química Biológica de la Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (IQUIBICEN); Departamento de Química Biológica; Ciudad Autonoma de Buenos Aires Buenos Aires Argentina
| | - Leticia Pérez-Tito
- Universidad de Buenos Aires; Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales; Ciudad Autonoma de Buenos Aires Buenos Aires Argentina
- CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires; Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias (IFIBYNE); Ciudad Autonoma de Buenos Aires Buenos Aires Argentina
| | - Martín R. Ventureira
- Universidad de Buenos Aires; Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales; Ciudad Autonoma de Buenos Aires Buenos Aires Argentina
- CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires; Instituto de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental y Aplicada (IBBEA-CONICET); Ciudad Autonoma de Buenos Aires Buenos Aires Argentina
| | - Cristian M. A. Sobarzo
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Medicina, CONICET- Universidad de Buenos Aires; Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (INBIOMED); Ciudad Autonoma de Buenos Aires Buenos Aires Argentina
| | - María del Carmen Ríos de Molina
- Universidad de Buenos Aires; Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales; Ciudad Autonoma de Buenos Aires Buenos Aires Argentina
- CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Química Biológica de la Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (IQUIBICEN); Departamento de Química Biológica; Ciudad Autonoma de Buenos Aires Buenos Aires Argentina
| | - Elisa Cebral
- Universidad de Buenos Aires; Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales; Ciudad Autonoma de Buenos Aires Buenos Aires Argentina
- CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires; Instituto de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental y Aplicada (IBBEA-CONICET); Ciudad Autonoma de Buenos Aires Buenos Aires Argentina
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Hao P, Zhu Y, Wang S, Wan H, Chen P, Wang Y, Cheng Z, Liu Y, Liu J. Selenium Administration Alleviates Toxicity of Chromium(VI) in the Chicken Brain. Biol Trace Elem Res 2017; 178:127-135. [PMID: 28013456 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-016-0915-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2016] [Accepted: 12/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Selenium (Se) can play a protective role against heavy metal toxicity. This experiment aims to evaluate the effect of Se supplementation at different doses on the chicken brains. Oxidative stress was induced in the chicken brains by chromium(VI). A total of 105 Hyland brown male chickens were randomly divided into seven groups, including the control group, poisoned group [6%LD50 K2Cr2O7 body weight (B.W.)], and detoxification groups K2Cr2O7 (6%LD50) + Se (0.31, 0.63, 1.25, 2.50, and 5.00 Na2SeO3 mg/kg B.W.) orally in water for 42 days. The chickens were detected by the activities of mitochondrial membrane potential, 2'-benzoyloxycinnamaldehyde, superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), and Ca2+-ATPase. Cr(VI) administration caused histopathological damage. In addition, changes in oxidative stress indicators were observed in the chicken's brains. Se supplement increased the levels of GSH, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), and Ca2+-ATPase and reduced MDA activity in the detoxification groups. However, the high-dose Se supplementation groups of 2.50 and 5.00 mg/kg reduced the activities of GSH, MMP, and Ca2+-ATPase; increased the brain-body ratio; and increased SOD activity. In conclusion, Cr(VI) exposure caused oxidative stress. Se exerted a remission effect on toxic responses in the chicken brains. However, a high Se concentration was synergistic to the toxic effect of Cr(VI).
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan Hao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiran Zhu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, People's Republic of China
| | - Shenghua Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, People's Republic of China
| | - Huiyu Wan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, People's Republic of China
| | - Ziqiang Cheng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongxia Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jianzhu Liu
- Research Center for Animal Disease Control Engineering Shandong Province, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, People's Republic of China.
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Songstad NT, Kaspersen KHF, Hafstad AD, Basnet P, Ytrehus K, Acharya G. Effects of High Intensity Interval Training on Pregnant Rats, and the Placenta, Heart and Liver of Their Fetuses. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0143095. [PMID: 26566220 PMCID: PMC4643918 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0143095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2015] [Accepted: 10/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of high intensity interval training (HIIT) on the maternal heart, fetuses and placentas of pregnant rats. METHODS Female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to HIIT or sedentary control groups. The HIIT group was trained for 6 weeks with 10 bouts of high intensity uphill running on a treadmill for four minutes (at 85-90% of maximal oxygen consumption) for five days/week. After three weeks of HIIT, rats were mated. After six weeks (gestational day 20 in pregnant rats), echocardiography was performed to evaluate maternal cardiac function. Real-time PCR was performed for the quantification of gene expression, and oxidative stress and total antioxidant capacity was assessed in the tissue samples. RESULTS Maternal heart weight and systolic function were not affected by HIIT or pregnancy. In the maternal heart, expression of 11 of 22 genes related to cardiac remodeling was influenced by pregnancy but none by HIIT. Litter size, fetal weight and placental weight were not affected by HIIT. Total antioxidant capacity, malondialdehyde content, peroxidase and superoxide dismutase activity measured in the placenta, fetal heart and liver were not influenced by HIIT. HIIT reduced the expression of eNOS (p = 0.03), hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (p = 0.04) and glutathione peroxidase 4.2 (p = 0.02) in the fetal liver and increased the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor-β (p = 0.014), superoxide dismutase 1 (p = 0.001) and tissue inhibitor of metallopeptidase 3 (p = 0.049) in the fetal heart. CONCLUSIONS Maternal cardiac function and gene expression was not affected by HIIT. Although HIIT did not affect fetal growth, level of oxidative stress and total antioxidant capacity in the fetal tissues, some genes related to oxidative stress were altered in the fetal heart and liver indicating that protective mechanisms may be activated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nils Thomas Songstad
- Women’s Health and Perinatology Research Group, Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT–The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of Northern Norway, Tromsø, Norway
- * E-mail:
| | - Knut-Helge Frostmo Kaspersen
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of Northern Norway, Tromsø, Norway
- Pediatric Research Group, Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT–The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Anne Dragøy Hafstad
- Cardiovascular Research Group, Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Health Science, UiT–The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Purusotam Basnet
- Women’s Health and Perinatology Research Group, Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT–The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital of Northern Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Kirsti Ytrehus
- Cardiovascular Research Group, Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Health Science, UiT–The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Ganesh Acharya
- Women’s Health and Perinatology Research Group, Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT–The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital of Northern Norway, Tromsø, Norway
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Lin C, Yon JM, Lee BJ, Kang JK, Yun YW, Nam SY. Punicalagin improves chorioallantoic and yolk sac vasculogenesis and teratogenesis of embryos induced by nicotine exposure. J Funct Foods 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2015.08.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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Al-Gubory KH, Krawiec A, Grange S, Faure P, Garrel C. Abortion-prone mating influences placental antioxidant status and adversely affects placental and foetal development. Free Radic Res 2014; 48:1505-13. [PMID: 25263566 DOI: 10.3109/10715762.2014.967690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress is associated with decreased female fertility and adversely affects prenatal development. Mammalian cells have developed a network of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant defence systems to prevent oxidative stress. Little attention has been paid to the antioxidative pathways in placentas of normal and disturbed pregnancies, leaving a gap in our knowledge about the role of antioxidants in the control of foeto-placental development. The challenges in studying early human pregnancy can partly be overcome by designing animal models of abnormal pregnancy. We aimed to determine whether the antioxidant status of placentas from the CBA/J × DBA/2 abortion-prone pregnant mice differed from that of normal pregnant mice. The foetal/placental weight ratio was lower in abortion-prone matings compared with that in non-abortion-prone matings. The increased placental malondialdehyde (MDA) content, the end products of lipid peroxidation, with concomitants alterations in placental antioxidants, namely copper-zinc containing superoxide dismutase (SOD1), manganese containing (SOD2), glutathione peroxidases (GPX), glutathione reductase (GR) and catalase (CAT) activities may be involved in placental and foetal growth restriction. We show that placental oxidative stress is linked with poor prenatal development and pregnancy losses in CBA/J × DBA/2 mice matings. This animal model may be useful in the evaluation of nutritional antioxidant therapies for oxidative stress and associated prenatal developmental disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- K H Al-Gubory
- INRA, UMR1198 Biologie du Développement et Reproduction, Département de Physiologie Animale et Systèmes d'Elevage , Jouy-en-Josas , France
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Yon JM, Lin C, Oh KW, Baek HS, Lee BJ, Yun YW, Nam SY. Emodin prevents ethanol-induced developmental anomalies in cultured mouse fetus through multiple activities. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 98:268-75. [PMID: 23696164 DOI: 10.1002/bdrb.21061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2013] [Accepted: 04/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Maternal alcohol ingestion on pregnant period causes fetal alcohol syndrome including psychological and behavioral problems, and developmental abnormality. In this study, we investigated the effect of emodin, an active anthraquinone component found in the roots and bark of the genus Rhamnus (Buckthorn), on ethanol-induced teratogenesis during embryonic organogenesis. METHODS We cultured mouse embryos on embryonic day 8.5 for 2 days with ethanol (5 μl/3 ml) and/or emodin (1×10(-5) and 1×10(-4) μg/ml) using a whole embryo culture system and then investigated the developmental evaluation, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, and expression patterns of cytoplasmic SOD (SOD1), mitochondrial SOD (SOD2), cytosolic glutathione peroxidase (cGPx), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), caspase 3, and hypoxia inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α). RESULTS Morphological parameters, including growth in yolk sac and fetal head, body length, and development of the central nervous system, circulation system, sensory organs, skeletal system, and limbs in embryos exposed to ethanol were significantly decreased compared to those of the normal control group, but co-treatment with emodin (1 × 10(-5) and 1 × 10(-4) μg/ml) significantly improved these parameters. Furthermore, the reduced levels of SOD activity, and SOD1, SOD2, cGPx, and HIF-1α and the increased gene levels of TNF-α and caspase-3 due to ethanol exposure were significantly restored by cotreatment with emodin. Birth Defects Res (Part B) 98:268-275, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. CONCLUSIONS This study revealed that cotreatment with emodin significantly prevented teratogenesis induced by ethanol, not only by modulating hypoxia and antioxidant enzymes, but also by attenuating the enhanced levels of TNF-α and caspase 3 in cultured embryos. Therefore, emodin may be an effective preventive agent for ethanol-induced teratogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Min Yon
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea
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Antiteratogenic Effects of β-Carotene in Cultured Mouse Embryos Exposed to Nicotine. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2013; 2013:575287. [PMID: 23737837 PMCID: PMC3662118 DOI: 10.1155/2013/575287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2013] [Accepted: 04/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
After maternal intake, nicotine crosses the placental barrier and causes severe embryonic disorders and fetal death. In this study, we investigated whether β -carotene has a beneficial effect against nicotine-induced teratogenesis in mouse embryos (embryonic day 8.5) cultured for 48 h in a whole embryo culture system. Embryos exposed to nicotine (1 mM) exhibited severe morphological anomalies and apoptotic cell death, as well as increased levels of TNF- α , IL-1 β , and caspase 3 mRNAs, and lipid peroxidation. The levels of cytoplasmic superoxide dismutase (SOD), mitochondrial manganese-dependent SOD, cytosolic glutathione peroxidase (GPx), phospholipid hydroperoxide GPx, hypoxia inducible factor 1 α , and Bcl-x L mRNAs decreased, and SOD activity was reduced compared to the control group. However, when β -carotene (1 × 10(-7) or 5 × 10(-7) μM) was present in cultures of embryos exposed to nicotine, these parameters improved significantly. These findings indicate that β -carotene effectively protects against nicotine-induced teratogenesis in mouse embryos through its antioxidative, antiapoptotic, and anti-inflammatory activities.
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van Zundert B, Izaurieta P, Fritz E, Alvarez FJ. Early pathogenesis in the adult-onset neurodegenerative disease amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. J Cell Biochem 2013; 113:3301-12. [PMID: 22740507 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.24234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a devastating paralytic disorder caused by dysfunction and degeneration of motor neurons starting in adulthood. Most of our knowledge about the pathophysiological mechanisms of ALS comes from transgenic mice models that emulate a subgroup of familial ALS cases (FALS), with mutations in the gene encoding superoxide dismutase (SOD1). In the more than 15 years since these mice were generated, a large number of abnormal cellular mechanisms underlying motor neuron degeneration have been identified, but to date this effort has led to few improvements in therapy, and no cure. Here, we consider that this surfeit of mechanisms is best interpreted by current insights that suggest a very early initiation of pathology in motor neurons, followed by a diversity of secondary cascades and compensatory mechanisms that mask symptoms for decades, until trauma and/or aging overloads their protective function. This view thus posits that adult-onset ALS is the consequence of processes initiated during early development. In fact, motor neurons in neonatal mutant SOD mice display important alterations in their intrinsic electrical properties, synaptic inputs and morphology that are accompanied by subtle behavioral abnormalities. We consider evidence that human mutant SOD1 protein in neonatal hSOD1(G93A) mice instigates motor neuron degeneration by increasing persistent sodium currents and excitability, in turn altering synaptic circuits that control excessive motor neuron firing and leads to excitotoxicity. We also discuss how therapies that are aimed at suppressing abnormal neuronal activity might effectively mitigate or prevent the onset of irreversible neuronal damage in adulthood. J. Cell. Biochem. 113: 3301-3312, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brigitte van Zundert
- Faculty of Biological Sciences and Faculty of Medicine, Center for Biomedical Research, Universidad Andres Bello, Avenida Republica 217, Santiago, Chile.
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Resveratrol prevents nicotine-induced teratogenesis in cultured mouse embryos. Reprod Toxicol 2012; 34:340-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2012.05.097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2011] [Revised: 05/02/2012] [Accepted: 05/25/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Kase BA, Northrup H, Morrison AC, Davidson CM, Goiffon AM, Fletcher JM, Ostermaier KK, Tyerman GH, Au KS. Association of copper-zinc superoxide dismutase (SOD1) and manganese superoxide dismutase (SOD2) genes with nonsyndromic myelomeningocele. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 94:762-9. [PMID: 22972774 DOI: 10.1002/bdra.23065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2012] [Revised: 06/22/2012] [Accepted: 07/06/2012] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A common and severe neural tube defect (NTD) phenotype, myelomeningocele (MM), results from the defective closure of the caudal end of the neural tube with herniation of the spinal cord and meninges through the vertebral column. The exact mechanisms for NTDs are unknown, but excessive oxidative stress, particularly in association with maternal diabetes, has been postulated as a mechanism for MM. METHODS The SNPlex Genotyping (ABI, Foster City, CA) platform was used to investigate single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) across the superoxide dismutase (SOD) 1 and 2 genes to assess their association with MM risk. The study population included 329 trio (affected child and both parents) and 281 duo (affected child and one parent) families. Only cases with documented MM were studied. Seventeen SNPs across the SOD1 and SOD2 genes met the quality-control criteria to be considered for statistical analysis. Genetic association was assessed using the family-based transmission disequilibrium test in PLINK (a genome association analysis toolset). RESULTS Four SNPs in the SOD1 gene (rs 202446, rs202447, rs4816405, and rs2070424) and one SNP in the SOD2 gene ( rs5746105) [corrected] appeared to be associated with MM risk in our population. After adjusting for multiple testing, these SNPs remained significant. CONCLUSION This study provides the first genetic evidence to support association of myelomeningocele with superoxide scavenging. The rare alleles of the five specific SNPs within SOD1 and SOD2 appear to confer a protective effect on the susceptibility for MM risk in the MM population tested. Further evaluation of the roles of superoxide scavenging and neural tube development is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin A Kase
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, The University of Texas Medical School at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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Zhang Q, Dai T, Zhang L, Zhang M, Xiao X, Hu H, Zou P, Liu X, Xiang Q, Su Z, Huang Y, He QY. Identification of potential biomarkers for predicting acute dermal irritation by proteomic analysis. J Appl Toxicol 2011; 31:762-72. [DOI: 10.1002/jat.1630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2010] [Revised: 10/11/2010] [Accepted: 10/11/2010] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qihao Zhang
- Institute of Life and Health Engineering, and National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine; Jinan University; Guangzhou; 510632; China
| | - Taoli Dai
- Institute of Life and Health Engineering, and National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine; Jinan University; Guangzhou; 510632; China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Institute of Life and Health Engineering, and National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine; Jinan University; Guangzhou; 510632; China
| | - Minjing Zhang
- Institute of Life and Health Engineering, and National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine; Jinan University; Guangzhou; 510632; China
| | - Xue Xiao
- Institute of Life and Health Engineering, and National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine; Jinan University; Guangzhou; 510632; China
| | - Hao Hu
- Institute of Life and Health Engineering, and National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine; Jinan University; Guangzhou; 510632; China
| | - Ping Zou
- Institute of Life and Health Engineering, and National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine; Jinan University; Guangzhou; 510632; China
| | - Xia Liu
- Institute of Life and Health Engineering, and National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine; Jinan University; Guangzhou; 510632; China
| | - Qi Xiang
- Institute of Life and Health Engineering, and National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine; Jinan University; Guangzhou; 510632; China
| | - Zhijian Su
- Institute of Life and Health Engineering, and National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine; Jinan University; Guangzhou; 510632; China
| | - Yadong Huang
- Institute of Life and Health Engineering, and National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine; Jinan University; Guangzhou; 510632; China
| | - Qing-Yu He
- Institute of Life and Health Engineering, and National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine; Jinan University; Guangzhou; 510632; China
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Baek IJ, Yon JM, Lee SR, Kim MR, Hong JT, Lee BJ, Yun YW, Nam SY. Differential Expression of Gastrointestinal Glutathione Peroxidase (GI-GPx) Gene during Mouse Organogenesis. Anat Histol Embryol 2011; 40:210-8. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0264.2010.01061.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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14
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Kim MR, Yon JM, Lee SR, Baek IJ, Kim JS, Hong JT, Lee BJ, Yun YW, Nam SY. Expression profiles of extracellular superoxide dismutase during mouse organogenesis. Gene Expr Patterns 2010; 11:207-15. [PMID: 21156216 DOI: 10.1016/j.gep.2010.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2010] [Revised: 12/02/2010] [Accepted: 12/07/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Although extracellular superoxide dismutase (EC-SOD), which scavenges the superoxide anion in extracellular spaces, has previously been implicated in the prenatal pulmonary response to oxidative stress in the developing lungs, little is currently known regarding the schematic expression pattern and the roles played by EC-SOD during embryogenesis. In an effort to characterize the pattern of EC-SOD expression during mouse organogenesis, quantitative RT-PCR, Western blotting, and in situ hybridization analyses were conducted in mouse embryos and extraembryonic tissues including placenta on embryonic days (Eds) 7.5-18.5. EC-SOD mRNA and protein were expressed in all the embryos and extraembryonic tissues examined. The mRNA level was higher in the embryos than the extraembryonic tissues on Eds 7.5-10.5, but after Ed 13.5, it evidenced an increasing pattern in the extraembryonic tissues. EC-SOD immunoreactivity also increased in the extraembryonic tissues after Ed 13.5. During organogenesis, EC-SOD mRNA was expressed principally in the ectoplacental cone, amnion, and neural ectoderm on Ed 7.5 and in the neural folds and primitive streak on Ed 8.5. On Eds 9.5-12.5, EC-SOD mRNA was expressed abundantly in the nervous tissues and forelimb and hindlimb buds. On Eds 13.5-18.5, EC-SOD mRNA was observed at high levels in the airway epithelium of lung, liver, the intestinal epithelium, skin, vibrissae, the metanephric corpuscle of kidney, the nasal cavity, and the labyrinth trophoblast, spongiotrophoblast, and blood cells in placenta. Our overall results indicate that EC-SOD is expressed spatiotemporally in developing embryos and surrounding extraembryonic tissues during mouse organogenesis, thus suggesting that EC-SOD may be relevant to organogenesis, playing the role of an antioxidant enzyme against endogenous and exogenous oxygen stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi-Ra Kim
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 361-763, Republic of Korea
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Alexander PG, Tuan RS. Role of environmental factors in axial skeletal dysmorphogenesis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010; 90:118-32. [DOI: 10.1002/bdrc.20179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Yon JM, Baek IJ, Lee SR, Kim MR, Lee BJ, Yun YW, Nam SY. Immunohistochemical identification and quantitative analysis of cytoplasmic Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase in mouse organogenesis. J Vet Sci 2008; 9:233-40. [PMID: 18716442 PMCID: PMC2811834 DOI: 10.4142/jvs.2008.9.3.233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Cytoplasmic Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD1) is an antioxidant enzyme that converts superoxide to hydrogen peroxide in cells. Its spatial distribution matches that of superoxide production, allowing it to protect cells from oxidative stress. SOD1 deficiencies result in embryonic lethality and a wide range of pathologies in mice, but little is known about normal SOD1 protein expression in developing embryos. In this study, the expression pattern of SOD1 was investigated in post-implantation mouse embryos and extraembryonic tissues, including placenta, using Western blotting and immunohistochemical analyses. SOD1 was detected in embryos and extraembryonic tissues from embryonic day (ED) 8.5 to 18.5. The signal in embryos was observed at the lowest level on ED 9.5-11.5, and the highest level on ED 17.5-18.5, while levels remained constant in the surrounding extraembryonic tissues during all developmental stages examined. Immunohistochemical analysis of SOD1 expression on ED 13.5-18.5 revealed its ubiquitous distribution throughout developing organs. In particular, high levels of SOD1 expression were observed in the ependymal epithelium of the choroid plexus, ganglia, sensory cells of the olfactory and vestibulocochlear epithelia, blood cells and vessels, hepatocytes and hematopoietic cells of the liver, lymph nodes, osteogenic tissues, and skin. Thus, SOD1 is highly expressed at late stages of embryonic development in a cell- and tissue-specific manner, and can function as an important antioxidant enzyme during organogenesis in mouse embryos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Min Yon
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 361-763, Korea
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Lee SR, Kim MR, Yon JM, Baek IJ, Park CG, Lee BJ, Yun YW, Nam SY. Black ginseng inhibits ethanol-induced teratogenesis in cultured mouse embryos through its effects on antioxidant activity. Toxicol In Vitro 2008; 23:47-52. [PMID: 18992320 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2008.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2008] [Revised: 10/01/2008] [Accepted: 10/09/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Fetal alcohol syndrome is caused by excessive ethanol consumption during pregnancy. We investigated the effect of black ginseng (red ginseng that is subjected to 9 cycles of 95-100 degrees C for 2-3h) on ethanol-induced teratogenesis using an in vitro whole embryo culture system. Postimplantational mouse embryos at embryonic day 8.5 were exposed to ethanol (1 microl/ml) in the presence or absence of black ginseng (1, 10, and 100 microg/ml) for 2 days, and then morphological scoring and real-time PCR analysis were carried out. In ethanol-treated embryos, the total morphological score and individual scores for flexion, heart, fore-, mid-, and hindbrains, otic, optic, and olfactory systems, branchial bars, maxillary and mandibular processes, caudal neural tube, and somites were significantly lower than the control group (p<0.05). Treatment with black ginseng improved most of the morphological scores significantly as compared to ethanol-treated embryos (p<0.05). The mRNA levels of the antioxidant enzymes cytosolic glutathione peroxidase (GPx), phospholipid hydroperoxide GPx, and selenoprotein P were significantly decreased in ethanol-treated embryos, but co-treatment with black ginseng restored the mRNA levels to those of control embryos. These results indicate that black ginseng has a protective effect on ethanol-induced teratogenesis through the augmentation of antioxidative activity in embryos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Se-Ra Lee
- Laboratory of Veterinary Anatomy, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Core Research Institute, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk 361-763, Republic of Korea
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