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de Souza FS, de Veras BO, Lucena LDM, Casoti R, Martins RD, Ximenes RM. Antivenom potential of the latex of Jatropha mutabilis baill. (Euphorbiaceae) against Tityus stigmurus venom: Evaluating its ability to neutralize toxins and local effects in mice. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 335:118642. [PMID: 39098623 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2024] [Revised: 07/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Species of the Jatropha genus (Euphorbiaceae) are used indiscriminately in traditional medicine to treat accidents involving venomous animals. Jatropha mutabilis Baill., popularly known as "pinhão-de-seda," is found in the semi-arid region of Northeastern Brazil. It is widely used as a vermifuge, depurative, laxative, and antivenom. AIM OF THE STUDY Obtaining the phytochemical profile of the latex of Jatropha mutabilis (JmLa) and evaluate its acute oral toxicity and inhibitory effects against the venom of the scorpion Tityus stigmurus (TstiV). MATERIALS AND METHODS The latex of J. mutabilis (JmLa) was obtained through in situ incisions in the stem and characterized using HPLC-ESI-QToF-MS. Acute oral toxicity was investigated in mice. The protein profile of T. stigmurus venom was obtained by electrophoresis. The ability of latex to interact with venom components (TstiV) was assessed using SDS-PAGE, UV-Vis scanning spectrum, and the neutralization of fibrinogenolytic and hyaluronidase activities. Additionally, the latex was evaluated in vivo for its ability to inhibit local edematogenic and nociceptive effects induced by the venom. RESULTS The phytochemical profile of the latex revealed the presence of 75 compounds, including cyclic peptides, glycosides, phenolic compounds, alkaloids, coumarins, and terpenoids, among others. No signs of acute toxicity were observed at a dose of 2000 mg/kg (p.o.). The latex interacted with the protein profile of TstiV, inhibiting the venom's fibrinogenolytic and hyaluronidase activities by 100%. Additionally, the latex was able to mitigate local envenomation effects, reducing nociception by up to 56.5% and edema by up to 50% compared to the negative control group. CONCLUSIONS The latex of Jatropha mutabilis exhibits a diverse phytochemical composition, containing numerous classes of metabolites. It does not present acute toxic effects in mice and has the ability to inhibit the enzymatic effects of Tityus stigmurus venom in vitro. Additionally, it reduces nociception and edema in vivo. These findings corroborate popular reports regarding the antivenom activity of this plant and indicate that the latex has potential for treating scorpionism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe Santana de Souza
- Laboratory of Ethnopharmacology and Phytochemistry, Department of Antibiotics, Center for Biosciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, PE, 50740-525, Brazil
| | - Bruno Oliveira de Veras
- Laboratory of Ethnopharmacology and Phytochemistry, Department of Antibiotics, Center for Biosciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, PE, 50740-525, Brazil; Department of Biochemistry, Center for Biosciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, PE, 50670-420, Brazil
| | - Lorena de Mendonça Lucena
- Laboratory of Natural Products and Metabolomics Analysis, Department of Antibiotics, Center for Biosciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, PE, 50740-525, Brazil
| | - Rosana Casoti
- Laboratory of Natural Products and Metabolomics Analysis, Department of Antibiotics, Center for Biosciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, PE, 50740-525, Brazil
| | - René Duarte Martins
- Nucleus of Public Health, Academic Center of Vitória, Federal University of Pernambuco, Vitória de Santo Antão, PE, 55608-680, Brazil
| | - Rafael Matos Ximenes
- Laboratory of Ethnopharmacology and Phytochemistry, Department of Antibiotics, Center for Biosciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, PE, 50740-525, Brazil.
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Leal LE, Moreira ES, Correia BL, Bueno PSA, Comar JF, de Sá-Nakanishi AB, Cuman RKN, Bracht A, Bersani-Amado CA, Bracht L. Comparative study of the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of the natural coumarins 1,2-benzopyrone, umbelliferone and esculetin: in silico, in vitro and in vivo analyses. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024; 397:173-187. [PMID: 37395795 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02606-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this work was to compare the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of three natural coumarins: 1,2-benzopyrone, umbelliferone and esculetin. The antioxidant capacity of coumarins was evaluated using both chemical and biological in vitro assays. Chemical assays included DPPH and ABTS∙+ radical scavenging as well as ferric ion reducing ability power (FRAP) assay. Inhibition of mitochondrial ROS generation and lipid peroxidation in brain homogenates were used as biological in vitro assays. The experimental method of carrageenan-induced pleurisy in rats was used for the in vivo investigation of the anti-inflammatory activity. In silico molecular docking analysis was undertaken to predict the affinity of COX-2 to the coumarins. Considering the antioxidant capacity, esculetin was the most efficient one as revealed by all employed assays. Particularly, the mitochondrial ROS generation was totally abolished by the compound at low concentrations (IC50 = 0.57 μM). As for the anti-inflammatory effects, the COX-2 enzyme presented good affinities to the three coumarins, as revealed by the molecular docking analyses. However, considering the in vivo anti-inflammatory effects, 1,2-benzopyrone was the most efficient one in counteracting pleural inflammation and it potentiated the anti-inflammatory actions of dexamethasone. Umbelliferone and esculetin treatments failed to reduce the volume of pleural exudate. Overall, therefore, our results support the notion that this class of plant secondary metabolites displays promising effects in the prevention and/or treatment of inflammation and other diseases associated with oxidative stress, although the singularities regarding the type of the inflammatory process and pharmacokinetics must be taken into account.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luana Eloísa Leal
- Department of Biochemistry, State University of Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Adelar Bracht
- Department of Biochemistry, State University of Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
| | | | - Lívia Bracht
- Department of Biochemistry, State University of Maringá, Paraná, Brazil.
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Ferraz CR, Manchope MF, Andrade KC, Saraiva-Santos T, Franciosi A, Zaninelli TH, Bagatim-Souza J, Borghi SM, Cândido DM, Knysak I, Casagrande R, Kwasniewski FH, Verri WA. Peripheral mechanisms involved in Tityus bahiensis venom-induced pain. Toxicon 2021; 200:3-12. [PMID: 34153310 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2021.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Scorpionism is a public health burden in Brazil. Tityus bahiensis is responsible for most accidents in the Southeastern region of Brazil. Here, the hyperalgesic mechanisms of Tityus bahiensis venom were investigated, focusing on the role of pro-inflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor alpha [TNF-α] and interleukin 1 beta [IL-1β]) and activation of the transcription factor NFκB. Intraplantar (i.pl.) administration of Tityus bahiensis venom (0.2, 0.6, 1.2 and 2.4 μg/20 μL i.pl.) induced mechanical hyperalgesia and thermal hyperalgesia. The 2.4 μg dose of Tityus bahiensis venom induced overt pain-like behavior and increased myeloperoxidase (MPO) and N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) activities, TNF-α and IL-1β levels in the paw tissue. Systemic pre-treatment with etanercept (soluble TNF-α receptor; 10 mg/kg), IL-1ra (IL-1 receptor antagonist; 30 mg/kg) and pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC, nuclear factor kappa B [NFκB] inhibitor; 100 mg/kg) inhibited Tityus bahiensis venom-induced mechanical and thermal hyperalgesia, MPO and NAG activity and overt pain-like behavior. These data demonstrate the involvement of TNF-α and IL-1β signaling as well as NFκB activation in Tityus bahiensis venom-induced mechanical and thermal hyperalgesia, overt pain-like behavior, and MPO activity and NAG activity, indicating thus, that targeting these mechanisms might contribute to reducing the pain in this scorpionism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila R Ferraz
- Laboratory of Pain, Inflammation, Neuropathy, and Cancer, Department of Pathology, Londrina State University, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Marília F Manchope
- Laboratory of Pain, Inflammation, Neuropathy, and Cancer, Department of Pathology, Londrina State University, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Ketlem C Andrade
- Laboratory of Pain, Inflammation, Neuropathy, and Cancer, Department of Pathology, Londrina State University, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Telma Saraiva-Santos
- Laboratory of Pain, Inflammation, Neuropathy, and Cancer, Department of Pathology, Londrina State University, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Anelise Franciosi
- Laboratory of Pain, Inflammation, Neuropathy, and Cancer, Department of Pathology, Londrina State University, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Tiago H Zaninelli
- Laboratory of Pain, Inflammation, Neuropathy, and Cancer, Department of Pathology, Londrina State University, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Julia Bagatim-Souza
- Laboratory of Pain, Inflammation, Neuropathy, and Cancer, Department of Pathology, Londrina State University, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Sergio M Borghi
- Laboratory of Pain, Inflammation, Neuropathy, and Cancer, Department of Pathology, Londrina State University, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil; Center for Research in Health Sciences, University of Northern Paraná, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Denise M Cândido
- Arthropod Laboratory, Butantan Institute, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Irene Knysak
- Arthropod Laboratory, Butantan Institute, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rubia Casagrande
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Centre of Health Sciences, Londrina State University, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Fábio H Kwasniewski
- Department of Pathology, Londrina State University, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil.
| | - Waldiceu A Verri
- Laboratory of Pain, Inflammation, Neuropathy, and Cancer, Department of Pathology, Londrina State University, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil; Department of Pathology, Londrina State University, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil.
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Desales-Salazar E, Khusro A, Cipriano-Salazar M, Barbabosa-Pliego A, Rivas-Caceres RR. Scorpion venoms and associated toxins as anticancer agents: update on their application and mechanism of action. J Appl Toxicol 2020; 40:1310-1324. [PMID: 32249452 DOI: 10.1002/jat.3976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 03/01/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Cancer remains one of the deadliest non-infectious diseases of the 21st century, causing millions of mortalities per year worldwide. Analyses of conventional treatments, such as radiotherapy and chemotherapy, have shown not only a lower therapeutic efficiency rate but also plethora of side-effects. Considering the desperate need to identify promising anticancer agents, researchers are in quest to design and develop new tumoricidal drugs from natural sources. Over the past few years, scorpion venoms have shown exemplary roles as pivotal anticancer agents. Scorpion venoms associated metabolites, particularly toxins demonstrated in vitro anticancer attributes against diversified cell lines by inhibiting the growth and progression of the cell cycle, inhibiting metastasis by blocking ion channels such as K+ and Cl- , and/or inducing apoptosis by intrinsic and extrinsic pathways. This review sheds light not only on in vitro anticancer properties of distinct scorpion venoms and their toxins, but also on their mechanism of action for designing and developing new therapeutic drugs in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erasto Desales-Salazar
- Centro de Investigación y Estudios Avanzados en Salud Animal (CIESA), Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México (UAEM), Toluca, Mexico
| | - Ameer Khusro
- Research Department of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Loyola College, Nungambakkam, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Moisés Cipriano-Salazar
- Unidad Académica de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Guerrero, Mexico
| | - Alberto Barbabosa-Pliego
- Centro de Investigación y Estudios Avanzados en Salud Animal (CIESA), Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México (UAEM), Toluca, Mexico
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Miyamoto JG, Andrade FB, Ferraz CR, Cândido DM, Knysak I, Venancio ÉJ, Verri WA, Landgraf MA, Landgraf RG, Kwasniewski FH. A comparative study of pathophysiological alterations in scorpionism induced by Tityus serrulatus and Tityus bahiensis venoms. Toxicon 2018; 141:25-33. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2017.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2017] [Revised: 10/31/2017] [Accepted: 11/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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6
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Adefegha SA, Leal DBR, Doleski PH, Ledur PC, Ecker A. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells from rat model of pleurisy: The effects of hesperidin on ectoenzymes activity, apoptosis, cell cycle and reactive oxygen species production. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 91:278-286. [PMID: 28460230 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.04.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2017] [Revised: 04/17/2017] [Accepted: 04/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study investigates the effect of hesperidin; a flavonone commonly found in citrus fruits, on the ectoenzymes (ectonucleotidase and ecto-adenosine deaminase) activity, cell viability, apoptosis, cell cycle arrest and reactive oxygen species production in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from rat model of pleurisy. Wistar rats were pretreated with either saline or hesperidin (80mg/kg) by oral gavage for 21days and injected intrapleurally with 2% carrageenan or saline on the 22nd day. PBMCs were subsequently prepared after 4h of carrageenan induction. The results revealed that hesperidin may exhibit its anti-inflammatory effects through possible modulation of ectonucleotidase (E-NTPDase) and ecto-adenosine deaminase (E-ADA) activities, reduction of intracellular reactive oxygen species, prevention of DNA damage and modulation of apoptosis as well as activation of cell cycle arrest. This study suggests some possible underlying anti-inflammatory mechanisms of hesperidin on PBMCs in acute inflammatory condition. Furthermore, hesperidin may minimize oxidative injury mediated pleurisy in rat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen Adeniyi Adefegha
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas, Bioquímica Toxicológica, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Av. Roraima, 97105-900, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil; Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Av. Roraima, 97105-900, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
| | - Daniela Bitencourt Rosa Leal
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas, Bioquímica Toxicológica, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Av. Roraima, 97105-900, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil; Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Av. Roraima, 97105-900, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Pedro Henrique Doleski
- Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Av. Roraima, 97105-900, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Pauline Christ Ledur
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmacologie, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Av. Roraima, 97105-900, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Assis Ecker
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas, Bioquímica Toxicológica, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Av. Roraima, 97105-900, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
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7
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de Paula Santos-da-Silva A, Candido DM, Nencioni ALA, Kimura LF, Prezotto-Neto JP, Barbaro KC, Chalkidis HM, Dorce VAC. Some pharmacological effects of Tityus obscurus venom in rats and mice. Toxicon 2016; 126:51-58. [PMID: 28012802 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2016.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2016] [Revised: 12/15/2016] [Accepted: 12/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
There are a great number of studies about Brazilian scorpions. However, little is known about the venom of scorpions of northern Brazil, mainly about Tityus obscurus, which is responsible for the most number of accidents in the Amazon. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate some pharmacological effects of T. obscurus venom in rats and mice. In rats, the venom (10 mg/kg i.p.) caused hemorrhagic patches in the lung parenchyma but did not lead to pulmonary edema. There was a decrease in general activity, observed in the activity box after venom injection. The venom did not induce changes in the occurrence and intensity of experimentally induced convulsions, nor did it cause hippocampal neuronal loss. In mice, the LD50 obtained was 3.13 mg/kg (i.p.). Different doses of the venom (0.2; 1; 5; 10; 15 μg/30 μL per hind paw) induced edematogenic and moderate nociceptive activity in mice. The Tiyus serrulatus venom used as comparison caused more intense symptomatology in mice. Comparing to the venom of other Tityus scorpions of medical importance, that have convulsant and intense nociceptive effects and cause lung edema, as described in the literature, we can conclude that the venom of T. obscurus probably has different characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Denise Maria Candido
- Laboratory of Arthropods, Butantan Institute, Av. Dr. Vital Brasil, 1500, 05503-900, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Ana Leonor A Nencioni
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Butantan Institute, Av. Dr. Vital Brasil, 1500, 05503-900, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Louise F Kimura
- Laboratory of Immunopathology, Butantan Institute, Av. Dr. Vital Brasil, 1500, 05503-900, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - José P Prezotto-Neto
- Laboratory of Immunopathology, Butantan Institute, Av. Dr. Vital Brasil, 1500, 05503-900, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Katia Cristina Barbaro
- Laboratory of Immunopathology, Butantan Institute, Av. Dr. Vital Brasil, 1500, 05503-900, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Hipócrates M Chalkidis
- Laboratory of Biological Research, Integrated Tapajos College/Amazon University FIT/UNAMA, Rua Rosa Vermelha, 335, 68010-200, Santarém, PA, Brazil
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8
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The transcriptome recipe for the venom cocktail of Tityus bahiensis scorpion. Toxicon 2015; 95:52-61. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2014.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2014] [Revised: 12/13/2014] [Accepted: 12/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Shakeel F, Shazly GA, Raish M, Ahmad A, Kalam MA, Ali N, Ansari MA, Elosaily GM. Biological investigation of a supersaturated self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system of Piper cubeba essential oil. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra22900f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, the mechanism of Piper cubeba essential oil anti-inflammatory activity alone and as a supersaturated self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system (S-SNEDDS) was evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faiyaz Shakeel
- Department of Pharmaceutics
- College of Pharmacy
- King Saud University
- Riyadh 11451
- Saudi Arabia
| | - Gamal A. Shazly
- Department of Pharmaceutics
- College of Pharmacy
- King Saud University
- Riyadh 11451
- Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Raish
- Department of Pharmaceutics
- College of Pharmacy
- King Saud University
- Riyadh 11451
- Saudi Arabia
| | - Ajaz Ahmad
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy
- College of Pharmacy
- King Saud University
- Riyadh 11451
- Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohd Abul Kalam
- Department of Pharmaceutics
- College of Pharmacy
- King Saud University
- Riyadh 11451
- Saudi Arabia
| | - Naushad Ali
- Quality Assurance Unit
- College of Pharmacy
- King Saud University
- Riyadh 11451
- Saudi Arabia
| | - Mushtaq A. Ansari
- Department of Pharmacology
- College of Pharmacy
- King Saud University
- Riyadh 11451
- Saudi Arabia
| | - Gehan M. Elosaily
- Department of Pathology
- Faculty of Medicine
- Almareffa College for Science and Technology
- Riyadh
- Saudi Arabia
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Maciel MC, Fialho EM, Guerra RN, Borges VM, Kwasniewski FH, Nascimento FR. Tityus serrulatus scorpion venom improves survival and lung inflammation in lethal sepsis induced by CLP in mice. Toxicon 2014; 89:1-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2014.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2014] [Revised: 06/11/2014] [Accepted: 06/19/2014] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Yoo JS, Das RK, Jow ZY, Chang YT. In vivo detection of macrophage recruitment in hind-limb ischemia using a targeted near-infrared fluorophore. PLoS One 2014; 9:e103721. [PMID: 25072508 PMCID: PMC4114964 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0103721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2014] [Accepted: 07/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophages are an essential component of the immune system and have protective and pathogenic functions in various diseases. Imaging of macrophages in vivo could furnish new tools to advance evaluation of disease and therapies. Critical limb ischemia is a disease in which macrophages have considerable pathogenic roles, and are potential targets for cell-based immunotherapy. We sought to develop a new near-infrared fluorescence (NIRF) imaging probe to target macrophages specifically in vivo in various pathological states, including hind-limb ischemia. We rapidly screened the photostable cyanine-based NIRF library against different blood cell lines. The identified monocyte/macrophage-selective hit was tested in vitro in live-cell labeling assay. Non-invasive NIRF imaging was performed with murine models of paw inflammation by lipopolysaccharide challenge and hind-limb ischemia with femoral artery ligation. in vivo macrophage targeting was further evaluated using intravital microscopy with Csf1r-EGFP transgenic mice and immunofluorescent staining with macrophage-specific markers. We discovered MF800, a Macrophage-specific near-infrared Fluorophore, which showed selective live-cell imaging performance in a panel of cell lines and primary human blood samples. MF800 outperforms the clinically-available NIRF contrast agent ICG for in vivo specificity in paw inflammation and hind-limb ischemia models. We observed a marked overlap of MF800-labeled cells and EGFP-expressing macrophages in intravital imaging of Csf1r-EGFP transgenic mice. In the histologic analysis, MF800-positive cells also expressed the macrophage markers CD68 and CD169. NIRF imaging showcased the potential of using MF800 to understand macrophage behavior in vivo, characterize macrophage-associated diseases, and may help in assessing therapeutic responses in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Sun Yoo
- Smart Humanity Convergence Center, Department of Transdisciplinary Studies, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Suwon, Korea
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Raj Kumar Das
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Zhi Yen Jow
- Laboratory of Bioimaging Probe Development, Singapore Bioimaging Consortium, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Young-Tae Chang
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Laboratory of Bioimaging Probe Development, Singapore Bioimaging Consortium, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
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Lima MCJDS, Bitencourt MAO, Furtado AA, Oliveira Rocha HA, Oliveira RM, da Silva-Júnior AA, Tabosa do Egito ES, Tambourgi DV, Zucolotto SM, Fernandes-Pedrosa MDF. Ipomoea asarifolia neutralizes inflammation induced by Tityus serrulatus scorpion venom. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2014; 153:890-895. [PMID: 24704487 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2014.03.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2014] [Revised: 03/07/2014] [Accepted: 03/19/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Envenoming caused by scorpion sting is a serious public health problem. In Brazil, 13,038 accidents caused by venomous animals have been reported. Of this total, 53% of the cases and 14 deaths were caused by scorpions. Furthermore, Tityus serrulatus (Buthidae) is the most dangerous scorpion due to the high toxicity of its venom. The treatment is the common supportive therapy and the serum therapy, but some people do not have access to both therapies and seek healing through the use of medical plants. AIM OF THE STUDY This study evaluated the ability of the crude extract and fractions from the leaves of Ipomoea asarifolia in neutralizing the main biological effects caused by Tityus serrulatus envenoming in mice. MATERIALS AND METHODS BALB/c mice were pretreated (i.v.) with 100 μλ of aqueous extracts and fractions dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, and n-butanol (CH₂Cl₂, EtOAc, and n-BuOH, respectively) of Ipomoea asarifolia, rutin or saline. Then, the animals received 100 μλ (i.p.) of venom of Tityus serrulatus (0.8 mg/kg). After six hours, the peritoneal lavage was performed with PBS and the number cells were determined using a Neubauer chamber. The supernatants were collected for determination of cytokines, such as IL-6, IL-12, and IL-1β. RESULTS The aqueous extract, fractions and rutin, at all doses, significantly reduced cell migration, which was endorsed by the reduction of the levels of certain cytokines. CONCLUSION This is the first study that demonstrated the potential effect of Ipomoea asarifolia against inflammation caused by Tityus serrulatus venom, suggesting that these extracts and/or their bioactive molecules, especially the flavonoid rutin, have potential use in the therapy of this envenomation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mariana Angélica Oliveira Bitencourt
- Laboratório de Tecnologia e Biotecnologia Farmacêutica, Departamento de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Allanny Alves Furtado
- Laboratório de Tecnologia e Biotecnologia Farmacêutica, Departamento de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Hugo Alexandre Oliveira Rocha
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia de Biopolímeros Naturais, Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Ruth Medeiros Oliveira
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia de Biopolímeros Naturais, Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Arnóbio Antônio da Silva-Júnior
- Laboratório de Tecnologia e Biotecnologia Farmacêutica, Departamento de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil
| | | | | | - Silvana Maria Zucolotto
- Laboratório de Farmacognosia, Departamento de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Matheus de Freitas Fernandes-Pedrosa
- Laboratório de Tecnologia e Biotecnologia Farmacêutica, Departamento de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil.
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Osthole attenuates the development of carrageenan-induced lung inflammation in rats. Int Immunopharmacol 2014; 20:33-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2014.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2013] [Revised: 01/02/2014] [Accepted: 02/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Zuliani JP, Freitas TA, Conceição IM, Kwasniewski FH. Tityus serrulatus venom increases vascular permeability in selected airway tissues in a mast cell-independent way. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 65:229-34. [DOI: 10.1016/j.etp.2011.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2011] [Revised: 07/25/2011] [Accepted: 08/18/2011] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Ossanai LT, Lourenço GA, Nencioni ALA, Lebrun I, Yamanouye N, Dorce VAC. Effects of a toxin isolated from Tityus bahiensis scorpion venom on the hippocampus of rats. Life Sci 2012; 91:230-6. [PMID: 22771692 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2012.06.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2011] [Revised: 03/20/2012] [Accepted: 06/22/2012] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The objective of the present study was to determine the effects of a toxin from T. bahiensis scorpion venom on the hippocampus of rats. This toxin, called Tb V-4, was chosen since it shows remarkable convulsive activity. MAIN METHODS Male Wistar rats weighing 250g were used. The toxin (1.0μg/μl) was injected into the hippocampus. The animals were then submitted to electroencephalographic and behavioral examinations or to microdialysis to determine the levels of neurotransmitters. The location of the implanted guide cannulae and electrodes was checked histologically. The number of cells in the CA1, CA3 and CA4 areas of the hippocampus was determined by light microscopy. Changes in the concentration of cytosolic free calcium were evaluated by confocal microscopy. KEY FINDINGS The toxin evoked behavioral alterations such as wet dog shakes, myoclonus, yawning and orofacial automatisms. Electroencephalographic recordings exhibited alterations such as isolated or grouped spikes and epileptic-like discharges. Injection of the toxin augmented glutamate concentration in the extracellular fluid in some animals. There was also a decrease in the number of pyramidal cells, mainly in the CA1 and CA4 areas for some rats. In some slices of the hippocampus, an increase in intracellular calcium mobilization was seen. SIGNIFICANCE The present results suggest that the Tb V-4 toxin may be responsible for the epileptic and behavioral effects observed with the crude venom. We suggest that the convulsive and degenerative effects induced by the toxin could be due to the enhanced release of excitatory amino acids involved in the most important pathways of the hippocampus.
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Fialho EMS, Maciel MCG, Silva ACB, Reis AS, Assunção AKM, Fortes TS, Silva LA, Guerra RNM, Kwasniewski FH, Nascimento FRF. Immune cells recruitment and activation by Tityus serrulatus scorpion venom. Toxicon 2011; 58:480-5. [PMID: 21893076 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2011.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2011] [Revised: 08/05/2011] [Accepted: 08/09/2011] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Despite several studies showed that the Tityus serrulatus scorpion venom (Tsv) induces an inflammatory response, just a few have investigated the effect of the venom on the immune response. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate alterations of venom application on lymphoid organs and on the recruitment and activation of cells and also on the cytokine production. Swiss male mice (2-3 months, 20-25 g) received a non-lethal dose of crude Tsv (200 μg/kg), diluted in sterile PBS by subcutaneous route. Control animals received only sterile PBS. The animals were sacrificed after 30, 120 and 360 min. The inflammatory parameters studied were skin histology at the site of venom application, leukocyte count, and blood cytokine levels (IL-6, IL-10, and TNF-α). Inguinal lymph node, spleen and bone marrow cellularity was determined for evaluation of the Tsv effect on immune system organs. The results showed that Tsv caused no local inflammation, but it induced an increase of blood neutrophils and serum IL-6, TNF-α and IL-10. After 360 min of envenomation there was a reduction in the cells number from peritoneum and spleen, but there was an increase in the cell number from lymph nodes. In conclusion, the Tsv induces systemic alterations characterized by changes in the cell number in lymphoid organs, increase pro and anti-inflammatory cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eder M S Fialho
- Imunofisiologia of Laboratory, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, MA, Brazil
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Li ZP, Hu JF, Sun MN, Ji HJ, Zhao M, Wu DH, Li GY, Liu G, Chen NH. Effect of compound IMMLG5521, a novel coumarin derivative, on carrageenan-induced pleurisy in rats. Eur J Pharmacol 2011; 661:118-23. [PMID: 21549112 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2011.04.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2011] [Revised: 03/15/2011] [Accepted: 04/05/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Accumulative evidences have showed that some coumarin derivatives have significantly anti-inflammatory effects. To investigate the potential anti-inflammatory effect of compound IMMLG5521, a novel coumarin derivative, carrageenan-induced pleurisy model in rats was employed. The results showed that IMMLG5521 (5, 10 and 20 mg/kg) exhibited anti-inflammatory effects, reducing pleural exudate formation, decreasing total number of inflammation cells and polymorphonuclear leukocytes infiltration, attenuating histological injury and reducing TNF-α, IL-1β, MIP-2 and IL-8 release. Further investigation revealed that the compound may exert its anti-inflammatory effect via inhibiting nuclear translocation of NF-кB in inflammatory cells collected from pleural exudates. Taken together, the present results suggested that IMMLG5521 inhibited acute inflammation in carrageenan-induced pleurisy model that could be, in part, related to a reduction of release of inflammatory factors, another part may be related to an inhibition of NF-кB activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Peng Li
- Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Paul EL, Lunardelli A, Caberlon E, de Oliveira CB, Santos RCV, Biolchi V, Bastos CMA, Moreira KB, Nunes FB, Gosmann G, de Oliveira JR. Anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects of Baccharis trimera aqueous extract on induced pleurisy in rats and lymphoproliferation in vitro. Inflammation 2010; 32:419-25. [PMID: 19756999 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-009-9151-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Baccharis trimera is a widespread South American plant known as "carqueja". Medicinal teas prepared from the aerial parts of this plant are used in folk medicine in cases of liver diseases and inflammatory processes. We evaluated the effects of aqueous extract of B. trimera in the experimental inflammatory model of carrageenan-induced pleurisy in rat. The injection of carrageenan into the pleural cavity induces an influx of cells and fluid accumulation with a large number of polymorphonuclear leukocytes and increase of protein levels. The inflammation parameters were attenuated when B. trimera (400 and 800 mg/kg, i.p.) was administrated 30 min before the carrageenan. The immunomodulatory effects were evaluated in vitro on human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. The extract in concentration of 25, 50 and 100 mg/mL presented inhibited the T-lymphocytes proliferation stimulated by phytohemagglutinin, but these extract concentrations also presented cytotoxic effect. These results showed that the aqueous extract of B. trimera has anti-inflammatory effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisiane Lozza Paul
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Biofísica Celular e Inflamação, Faculdade de Biociências, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil
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Santos RCV, Lunardelli A, Caberlon E, Bastos CMA, Nunes FB, Pires MGS, Biolchi V, Paul EL, Vieira FBC, Resende do Carmo Aquino A, Corseuil E, de Oliveira JR. Anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects of Ulomoides dermestoides on induced pleurisy in rats and lymphoproliferation in vitro. Inflammation 2010; 33:173-9. [PMID: 20020191 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-009-9171-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The following study aimed to evaluate, in vitro and in vivo, the anti-inflammatory effect of Ulomoides dermestoides, a beetle commonly used as a remedy for a variety of diseases including respiratory disorders and asthma. We used an acute inflammation model of injury, injection of carrageenan into the pleural cavity of rats. The rats were treated intraperitoneally with the aqueous extract of U. dermestoides 8 and 16 mg/kg. The exudate volume, protein concentration, polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) and total leukocyte were measured. The peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated from the blood of healthy subjects and we investigated the immunomodulatory and cytotoxic effect of aqueous extract of U. dermestoides. In conclusion, in vitro we observed a non-cytotoxic effect and antiproliferative activity on the dose of 12.5 mg/dL. In vivo, this paper clarifies the great clinical relevance of the aqueous extract of U. dermestoides in elucidating its role as an anti-inflammatory agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Christ Vianna Santos
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Clínica, Centro Universitário Franciscano (UNIFRA), Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil
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Petricevich VL. Scorpion venom and the inflammatory response. Mediators Inflamm 2010; 2010:903295. [PMID: 20300540 PMCID: PMC2838227 DOI: 10.1155/2010/903295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2009] [Accepted: 01/04/2010] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Scorpion venoms consist of a complex of several toxins that exhibit a wide range of biological properties and actions, as well as chemical compositions, toxicity, and pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic characteristics. These venoms are associated with high morbility and mortality, especially among children. Victims of envenoming by a scorpion suffer a variety of pathologies, involving mainly both sympathetic and parasympathetic stimulation as well as central manifestations such as irritability, hyperthermia, vomiting, profuse salivation, tremor, and convulsion. The clinical signs and symptoms observed in humans and experimental animals are related with an excessive systemic host inflammatory response to stings and stings, respectively. Although the pathophysiology of envenomation is complex and not yet fully understood, venom and immune responses are known to trigger the release of inflammatory mediators that are largely mediated by cytokines. In models of severe systemic inflammation produced by injection of high doses of venom or venoms products, the increase in production of proinflammatory cytokines significantly contributes to immunological imbalance, multiple organ dysfunction and death. The cytokines initiate a cascade of events that lead to illness behaviors such as fever, anorexia, and also physiological events in the host such as activation of vasodilatation, hypotension, and increased of vessel permeability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vera L Petricevich
- Laboratorio de Inflamación y Toxicología, Facultad de Medicina de la Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Avenida Universidad 1001, Cuernavaca, Morelos 62209, Mexico.
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