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Yegorov S, Kadyrova I, Negmetzhanov B, Kolesnikova Y, Kolesnichenko S, Korshukov I, Baiken Y, Matkarimov B, Miller MS, Hortelano GH, Babenko D. Sputnik-V reactogenicity and immunogenicity in the blood and mucosa: a prospective cohort study. Sci Rep 2022; 12:13207. [PMID: 35915123 PMCID: PMC9342835 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-17514-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Sputnik-V (Gam-COVID-Vac) is a heterologous, recombinant adenoviral (rAdv) vector-based, COVID-19 vaccine now used in > 70 countries. Yet there is a shortage of data on this vaccine's performance in diverse populations. Here, we performed a prospective cohort study to assess the reactogenicity and immunologic outcomes of Sputnik-V vaccination in Kazakhstan. COVID-19-free participants (n = 82 at baseline) were followed at day 21 after Sputnik-V dose 1 (rAd5) and dose 2 (rAd26). Self-reported local and systemic adverse events were captured using questionnaires. Blood and nasopharyngeal swabs were collected to perform SARS-CoV-2 diagnostic and immunologic assays. We observed that most of the reported adverse events were mild-to-moderate injection site or systemic reactions, no severe or potentially life-threatening conditions were reported, and dose 1 appeared to be more reactogenic than dose 2. The seroconversion rate was 97% post-dose 1, remaining the same post-dose 2. The proportion of participants with detectable virus neutralization was 83% post-dose 1, increasing to 98% post-dose 2, with the largest relative increase observed in participants without prior COVID-19 exposure. Dose 1 boosted nasal S-IgG and S-IgA, while the boosting effect of dose 2 on mucosal S-IgG, but not S-IgA, was only observed in subjects without prior COVID-19. Systemically, vaccination reduced serum levels of growth regulated oncogene (GRO), which correlated with an elevation in blood platelet count. Overall, Sputnik-V dose 1 elicited both blood and mucosal SARS-CoV-2 immunity, while the immune boosting effect of dose 2 was minimal. Thus, adjustments to the current vaccine dosing regimen are necessary to optimize immunization efficacy and cost-effectiveness. While Sputnik-V reactogenicity is similar to that of other COVID-19 vaccines, the induced alterations to the GRO/platelet axis warrant investigation of the vaccine's effects on systemic immunology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey Yegorov
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Infectious Disease Research, McMaster Immunology Research Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
- School of Sciences and Humanities, Nazarbayev University, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan.
| | - Irina Kadyrova
- Research Centre, Karaganda Medical University, Karaganda, Kazakhstan.
| | - Baurzhan Negmetzhanov
- School of Sciences and Humanities, Nazarbayev University, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan
- National Laboratory Astana, Centre for Life Sciences, Nazarbayev University, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan
| | | | | | - Ilya Korshukov
- Research Centre, Karaganda Medical University, Karaganda, Kazakhstan
| | - Yeldar Baiken
- School of Sciences and Humanities, Nazarbayev University, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan
- National Laboratory Astana, Centre for Life Sciences, Nazarbayev University, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan
- School of Engineering and Digital Sciences, Nazarbayev University, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan
| | - Bakhyt Matkarimov
- National Laboratory Astana, Centre for Life Sciences, Nazarbayev University, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan
| | - Matthew S Miller
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Infectious Disease Research, McMaster Immunology Research Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Gonzalo H Hortelano
- School of Sciences and Humanities, Nazarbayev University, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan
| | - Dmitriy Babenko
- Research Centre, Karaganda Medical University, Karaganda, Kazakhstan
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Lepennetier G, Hracsko Z, Unger M, Van Griensven M, Grummel V, Krumbholz M, Berthele A, Hemmer B, Kowarik MC. Cytokine and immune cell profiling in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with neuro-inflammatory diseases. J Neuroinflammation 2019; 16:219. [PMID: 31727097 PMCID: PMC6857241 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-019-1601-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2018] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cytokines play multiple roles during neuro-inflammatory processes and several cytokines have been studied in the context of specific diseases. This study provides a comprehensive picture of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) changes during neuro-inflammation by analyzing multiple cytokines in combination with immune cell subsets and standard CSF parameters. METHODS Using multiplex assays, we simultaneously measured 36 cytokines (CCL1-3, CCL7, CCL8, CCL11, CCL13, CCL19, CCL20, CCL22-27, CXCL1, CXCL2, CXCL5, CXCL6, CXCL8, CXCL9, CXCL11-13, CXCL16, CX3CL1, IL2, IL4, IL6, IL10, IL16, GM-CSF, IFNγ, MIF, TNFα, and MIB1β) in the CSF and serum of 75 subjects. Diagnoses included clinically isolated syndrome and relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (MS, n = 18), secondary progressive MS (n = 8), neuro-syphilis (n = 6), Lyme neuro-borreliosis (n = 13), bacterial and viral meningitis (n = 20), and patients with non-inflammatory neurological diseases (NIND, n = 10). Cytokine concentrations were correlated with CSF standard parameters and CSF immune cell subsets (CD4 and CD8 T cells, B cells, plasmablasts, monocytes, and NK cells) quantified by flow cytometry. RESULTS We observed increased levels of multiple cytokines (26/36) in patients with neuro-inflammatory diseases when compared to NIND that consistently correlated with CSF cell count and QAlbumin. Most CSF cytokine concentrations correlated with each other, but correlations between CSF and serum values were scarce (3/36). Within the CSF compartment, CXCL13 showed a strong association with B cells when analyzing all patients, as well as patients with an intact blood-brain barrier (BBB). NK cells positively correlated with CSF concentrations of multiple cytokines (22/36) when analyzing all patients. These correlations were maintained when looking at patients with a disrupted BBB but not detectable in patients with an intact BBB. CONCLUSIONS Under conditions of neuro-inflammation, multiple CSF cytokines are regulated in parallel and most likely produced locally. A combined increase of CSF CXCL13 levels and B cells occurs under conditions of an intact BBB. Under conditions of a disrupted BBB, CSF NK cells show significantly increased values and seem to have a major contribution to overall inflammatory processes, reflected by a strong correlation with multiple cytokines. Future studies are necessary to address the exact kinetics of these cytokines during neuro-inflammation and their relation to specific diseases phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gildas Lepennetier
- Department of Neurology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Zsuzsanna Hracsko
- Department of Internal Medicine 1, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Marina Unger
- Department of Experimental Trauma Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Martijn Van Griensven
- Department of Experimental Trauma Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Verena Grummel
- Department of Neurology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Markus Krumbholz
- Department of Neurology and Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, Eberhard Karl University, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Achim Berthele
- Department of Neurology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Bernhard Hemmer
- Department of Neurology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
| | - Markus C Kowarik
- Department of Neurology and Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, Eberhard Karl University, Tübingen, Germany.
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High HbA 1c level is correlated with blood-brain barrier disruption in syphilis patients. Neurol Sci 2019; 41:83-90. [PMID: 31440863 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-019-04031-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) and neurosyphilis (NS) may both damage the blood-brain barrier (BBB). It seems that non-neurosyphilis (non-NS) patients with high HbA1c levels are likely to develop into NS. However, the correlation of HbA1c level with BBB disruption in syphilis (non-NS) patients is unclear. In this study, we used dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) MRI to quantify regional BBB permeability in syphilis (non-NS) patients and detected several molecular biomarkers of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). We found that BBB permeability values in the hippocampus, white matter, and cortex inferior temporal gyrus were correlated with albumin quotient (Qalb), CSF concentrations of interleukin IL-6 and IL-10. Moreover, BBB breakdown in white matter was correlated with CSF concentrations of sICAM-1 and sVCAM-1. In conclusion, our data suggest that BBB integrity may be liable to be disrupted in syphilis (non-NS) patients, patients with high HbA1c levels, as well as syphilis (non-NS) patients with high HbA1c levels, and it is particularly important to control blood glucose in these patients.
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Liu LL, Liu WN, Jiang XY, Jun-Ren, Chen MH, Liu ZJ, Lin Y, Zhu SG, Lin LR, Zheng WH, Yan JH, Yang TC. Changes of T lymphocyte subsets in patients with HIV-negative symptomatic neurosyphilis. Microb Pathog 2019; 130:213-218. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2019.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2018] [Revised: 01/31/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Yan Y, Wang J, Qu B, Zhang Y, Wei Y, Liu H, Wu C. CXCL13 and TH1/Th2 cytokines in the serum and cerebrospinal fluid of neurosyphilis patients. Medicine (Baltimore) 2017; 96:e8850. [PMID: 29381995 PMCID: PMC5708994 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000008850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2017] [Revised: 10/29/2017] [Accepted: 11/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurosyphilis is a chronic infectious disease with involvement of central nervous system infection by Treponema pallidum. This study was to investigate the contents of B lymphocyte chemokine 1 (BLC-1/chemokine [C-X-C motif] ligand 13), Th1 cytokines (Interleukin [IL]-2, IL-12, and Interferon [IFN]-γ), and Th2 cytokines (IL-6 and IL-10) in serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of HIV-negative patients with neurosyphilis before and after treatment, aiming to elucidate roles of CXCL13 and Th1/Th2 cytokines in immune response to and pathogenesis of neurosyphilis.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was employed to detect the contents of CXCL13, IL-2, IL-12, IFN-γ, IL-6, and IL-10 in serum and CSF of 47 HIV-negative patients with neurosyphilis, 36 syphilis patients without neurological involvement and 23 controls (noninfectious intracranial disease) before, 3 and 12 months after treatment with high dose penicillin.Results showed that there was no significant difference in blood CXCL13 content among 3 groups (P > .05); CSF CXCL13 content in neurosyphilis patients was significantly higher than in other 2 groups (P < .001), and positively related to leucocyte count, protein concentration, and IgG index. IL-6 and IL-10 contents of the serum and CSF in neurosyphilis patients were markedly higher than in other 2 groups (P < .05 or .01), but IL-2, IL-12, and IFN-γ of the serum and CSF were significantly lower than in other 2 groups (P < .05 or .01). The IL-6, IL-10, IL-2, IL-12, and IFN-γ contents of the serum and CSF were comparable between control group and syphilis group (P > .05). CSF CXCL13 content was positively related with IL-6 and IL-10 content, while negatively related to IL-12 content in neurosyphilis patients. CSF IL-6 content was negatively related with IL-12 content. In neurosyphilis patients, the CSF CXCL13 content reduced significantly at 3 and 12 months (P < .001), the CSF IL-2 and IL-12 contents increased significantly at 12 months, and CSF IL-6 contents reduced significantly at 12 months after treatment (P < .05 or .01).It is concluded that neurosyphilis patients did not have normal immune function. CXCL13 and Th1/Th2 cytokines are involved in the immune response of neurosyphilis patients. CSF CXCL13 and Th1/Th2 cytokines contents may be used for the diagnosis and evaluation of therapeutic efficacy of neurosyphilis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Bin Qu
- Department of Dermatology, Hangzhou Clinical College of Medical University of Anhui, Hangzhou Third Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China
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Jiang J, Cai Y, Li Z, Huang L, Chen J, Tian L, Wu Z, Li X, Chen Z, Chen C, Yang Z. Screening of differentially expressed genes associated with Kawasaki disease by microarray analysis. Exp Ther Med 2017; 14:3159-3164. [PMID: 28966687 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2017.4907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2015] [Accepted: 08/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Kawasaki disease (KD) is an autoimmune disorder that can induce coronary artery aneurysms, particularly in the case of delayed diagnosis and/or treatment. Early diagnosis is important for treatment and reduces the risk of heart injury. The aim of the present study was to identify differentially expressed genes by comparing the levels of gene expression in human umbilical vein endothelial cells following treatment with plasma from healthy individuals and patients with acute or convalescent KD. Following comparison of the control and acute KD groups, 385 up-regulated and 537 down-regulated genes were identified in the acute KD group. In the convalescent group, 505 and 879 genes were up-regulated and down-regulated, respectively, relative to the control group. Genes involved in the immune system and cell growth factors were up-regulated, while genes functioning in methylation were down-regulated, following treatment with KD plasma. In addition, five potential candidate molecular markers of KD, C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 2 (CXCL2), interleukin (IL) 8, tripartite motif containing 58 (TRIM58), immunoglobulin superfamily member 3 (IGSF3) and runt related transcription factor 1 (RUNX1) were identified by microarray analysis and verified using quantitative polymerase chain reaction. A significant positive correlation was identified between the neutrophil polys and expression levels of four of these candidate genes, including CXCL2, IL8, TRIM58, and IGSF3 (all P<0.01; R2≥0.64). However, only CXCL2 expression was significantly positively correlated with neutrophil polys (P=0.01; R2=0.64) and neutrophil bands (P<0.001; R2=0.73). These results indicate that CXCL2 serves a crucial role in the injury of endothelial cells by KD plasma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Jiang
- Department of Pediatrics, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
| | - Yi Cai
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Human University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410005, P.R. China
| | - Zhuoying Li
- Department of Pediatrics, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
| | - Lihua Huang
- Department of Central Laboratory, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
| | - Jia Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
| | - Lang Tian
- Department of Pediatrics, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
| | - Zhixiang Wu
- Department of Pediatrics, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Pediatrics, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
| | - Zhiheng Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
| | - Chunyuan Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
| | - Zuocheng Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
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Lu P, Zheng DC, Fang C, Huang JM, Ke WJ, Wang LY, Zeng WY, Zheng HP, Yang B. Cytokines in cerebrospinal fluid of neurosyphilis patients: Identification of Urokinase plasminogen activator using antibody microarrays. J Neuroimmunol 2015; 293:39-44. [PMID: 27049560 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2015.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2015] [Revised: 12/11/2015] [Accepted: 12/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Little is known regarding protein responses to syphilis infection in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of patients presenting with neurosyphilis. Protein and antibody arrays offer a new opportunity to gain insights into global protein expression profiles in these patients. Here we obtained CSF samples from 46 syphilis patients, 25 of which diagnosed as having central nervous system involvement based on clinical and laboratory findings. The CSF samples were then analyzed using a RayBioH L-Series 507 Antibody Array system designed to simultaneously analyze 507 specific cytokines. The results indicated that 41 molecules showed higher levels in patients with neurosyphilis in comparison with patients without neural involvement. For validation by single target ELISA, we selected five of them (MIP-1a, I-TAC/CXCL11, Urokinase plasminogen activator [uPA], and Oncostatin M) because they have previously been found to be involved in central nervous system (CNS) disorders. The ELISA tests confirmed that uPA levels were significantly higher in the CSF of neurosyphilis patients (109.1±7.88pg/ml) versus patients without CNS involvement (63.86±4.53pg/ml, p<0.0001). There was also a clear correlation between CSF uPA levels and CSF protein levels (p=0.0128) as well as CSF-VDRL titers (p=0.0074) used to diagnose neurosyphilis. No significant difference between the two groups of patients, however, was found in uPA levels in the serum, suggesting specific activation of the inflammatory system in the CNS but not the periphery in neurosyphilis patients. We conclude that measurements of uPA levels in CSF may be an additional parameter for diagnosing neurosyphilis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Lu
- Guangdong Provincial Center for STI & Skin Diseases Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 510091, China
| | - Dao-Cheng Zheng
- Guangdong Provincial Center for STI & Skin Diseases Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 510091, China
| | - Chang Fang
- Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jin-Mei Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Center for STI & Skin Diseases Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 510091, China
| | - Wu-Jian Ke
- Guangdong Provincial Center for STI & Skin Diseases Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 510091, China
| | - Liu-Yuan Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Center for STI & Skin Diseases Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 510091, China
| | - Wei-Ying Zeng
- Guangdong Provincial Center for STI & Skin Diseases Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 510091, China
| | - He-Ping Zheng
- Guangdong Provincial Center for STI & Skin Diseases Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 510091, China
| | - Bin Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Center for STI & Skin Diseases Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 510091, China.
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