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Pelletier D, Blier PU, Vézina F, Dufresne F, Paquin F, Christen F, Guillemette M. Under pressure-exploring partner changes, physiological responses and telomere dynamics in northern gannets across varying breeding conditions. PeerJ 2023; 11:e16457. [PMID: 38054014 PMCID: PMC10695113 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.16457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Life history theory predicts trade-offs between reproduction and survival in species like the northern gannet (Morus bassanus). During breeding, demanding foraging conditions lead them to expand their foraging range and diversify their diet, increasing the risk of reproductive failure. Changing partners may enhance breeding success but lead to more physiological costs. Methods To investigate the physiological costs of reproduction upon partner changes, we measured and compared 21 biomarkers related to telomere dynamics, oxidative stress, inflammation, hematology, nutritional status, and muscle damage. We used a longitudinal approach with gannets (n = 38) over three contrasting years (2017, 2018 and 2019). Results Our results suggest that annual breeding conditions exert a greater influence on physiological changes than partnership status. Individuals that changed partner experienced greater short-term stress than retained partners. This transient increase in stress was marked by short-term increases in oxidative lipid damage, lower antioxidant capacity, signs of inflammation, and greater weight loss than individuals that retained partners. During favorable conditions, individuals that changed mates had stabilized telomere length, decreased antioxidant capacity, glucose concentration, and muscle damage, along with increased oxygen transport capacity. Conversely, unfavorable breeding conditions led to increased telomere attrition, stabilized antioxidant capacity, decreased inflammation susceptibility, diminished oxygen transport capacity, and increased muscle damage. In the cases where partners were retained, distinct physiological changes were observed depending on the year's conditions, yet the telomere dynamics remained consistent across both partnership status categories. During the favorable year, there was an increase in unsaturated fatty acids and oxygen transport capacity in the blood, coupled with a reduction in inflammation potential and protein catabolism. In contrast, during the unfavorable year in the retained mates, we observed an increase in oxidative DNA damage, antioxidant capacity, weight loss, but a decrease in inflammation susceptibility as observed in changed mates. Discussion Our study shows that behavioral flexibility such as mate switching can help seabirds cope with the challenges of food scarcity during reproduction, but these coping strategies may have a negative impact on physiological status at the individual level. In addition, the marked reduction in telomere length observed during harsh conditions, coupled with the stabilization of telomere length in favorable conditions, highlights the long-term physiological impact of annual breeding conditions on seabirds. These findings underscore the effect on their potential survival and fitness, emphasizing that the influence of annual breeding conditions is greater than that of partnership status.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Pelletier
- Department of Biology, Université du Québec à Rimouski, Rimouski, Québec, Canada
- Department of Biology, Cégep de Rimouski, Rimouski, Québec, Canada
| | - Pierre U. Blier
- Department of Biology, Université du Québec à Rimouski, Rimouski, Québec, Canada
| | - François Vézina
- Department of Biology, Université du Québec à Rimouski, Rimouski, Québec, Canada
| | - France Dufresne
- Department of Biology, Université du Québec à Rimouski, Rimouski, Québec, Canada
| | - Frédérique Paquin
- Department of Biology, Université du Québec à Rimouski, Rimouski, Québec, Canada
| | - Felix Christen
- Department of Biology, Université du Québec à Rimouski, Rimouski, Québec, Canada
| | - Magella Guillemette
- Department of Biology, Université du Québec à Rimouski, Rimouski, Québec, Canada
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Effect of a Single and Triple Dose of Levamisole on Hematological Parameters in Controlled Inflammation Model. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12162110. [PMID: 36009703 PMCID: PMC9404755 DOI: 10.3390/ani12162110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the impact of single and triple administration of levamisole on the dynamics of hematological parameters during experimental pleuritis. The experiment was performed on female Buffalo rats. Rats were randomly assigned to two equal groups that received 1 and 3 doses of levamisole every 2, 24 and 48 h, respectively. Following the experiment, blood samples for the measurement of hematological parameters were collected. The study group receiving three doses of levamisole observed a significant reduction of red blood cell count at 48 h post administration and an increase in mean corpuscular volume compared to the control inflammation group. The administration of a single dose of levamisole results in a significant increase in hematocrit at 72 h, an increase in white blood cell count at 24 h and 72 h, and an increase in neutrophil count at 72 h compared to the control inflammation group. Administration of a single and triple dose of levamisole showed statistically significant modification of some hematological parameters and thus modulates the inflammatory process. In the lungs, this results in a reduction in leukocyte infiltrations around the bronchi and blood vessels.
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Protective role of antithrombin III in suppressing acute responses in a rat model of renal ischemia-reperfusion injury. Mol Cell Biochem 2022; 477:627-634. [PMID: 34984594 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-021-04322-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Renal ischemia-reperfusion (IR) produces-induced injury and is characterized by restriction of blood supply to the kidney followed by restoration and re-oxygenation of the tissue. IR injury in the kidney contributes to pathological processes known as acute renal injury (ARI). Ischemia-perfusion injury (IRI) of the left renal artery has been demonstrated in Wistar rats. A total of 32 animals were divided into four groups: control group (SHAM), IR animals with induced ischemia-reperfusion, AT-IR animals treated by antithrombin III (AT) before IR, and AT-IR-AT animals with AT administered before and after IR. IR-induced hyperproteinemia, hyperalbuminemia, hyperglobulinemia, and a significantly low A/G ratio. Exogenous administration of AT prior to IR development effectively regulates protein fraction levels by establishing normoproteinemia. The preventive effect of AT regulates serum protein levels and reduces acute inflammation by reducing globulin and establishing physiological levels of A/G ratios. The therapeutic effect of AT given after IR is not effective compared to AT administered before IR. Protein fractions can serve as an important predictive marker for the prognosis and duration of acute inflammation. Serum globulin levels and the A/G ratio may serve as effective prognostic markers in acute inflammation caused by ischemia-reperfusion injury of the kidney. A strong correlation between globulin and the A/G ratio suggests novel markers associated with acute inflammation that can lead to chronic kidney disease.
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Dobrzyński M, Madej JP, Leśków A, Tarnowska M, Majda J, Szopa M, Gamian A, Kuropka P. The Improvement of the Adaptation Process of Tocopherol and Acetylsalicylic Acid in Offspring of Mothers Exposed to TCDD. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11123430. [PMID: 34944207 PMCID: PMC8698147 DOI: 10.3390/ani11123430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Dioxins are proinflammatory factors that may be transferred to offspring through the placenta during pregnancy. α-tocopherol and acetylsalicylic acid are popular agents that limit the spread of inflammation. A histopathological and biochemical analysis was performed to reveal possible changes in liver and blood plasma in response to dioxins, α-tocopherol, and acetylsalicylic acid. The conducted research demonstrated the presence of negative effects on the liver morphology and blood plasma proteins of offspring, due to dioxins that were derived from the mother. However, the use of both drugs can significantly reduce the negative effects on offspring whose mothers have been treated with dioxins. Abstract Dioxins are chemical compounds that may cause an inflammatory reaction. During dioxin-induced inflammation, generated reactive oxygen species lead to morphological changes in various tissues and in biochemical parameters. The aim of this study was to demonstrate the changes in the livers of rats whose mothers were exposed to dioxins and the protective role of α-tocopherol and acetylsalicylic acid in liver inflammation. The study material consisted of Buffalo rats who were the offspring of females treated with dioxin, dioxin + α-tocopherol, or dioxin + acetylsalicylic acid. Livers and blood samples were taken from the rats’ offspring, and then histopathological and biochemical analyses were performed. The histopathological analysis showed that the changes observed in the livers of neonates were the result of the dioxins derived from their mother. The biochemical analysis showed that the morphological changes in the liver affected its function, which manifested in a higher total protein concentration in the dioxin-treated group, and that the creatinine level in this group was significantly higher than that in the other groups. This effect was reduced by the protective role of α-tocopherol and acetylsalicylic acid. Based on these results, we came to the conclusion that dioxins significantly affect the structure of the liver, which negatively affects its function, mainly in the scope of the metabolism of plasma proteins and hepatic enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maciej Dobrzyński
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Preclinical Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Wroclaw Medical University, Krakowska 26, 50-425 Wroclaw, Poland
- Correspondence: (M.D.); (A.L.)
| | - Jan P. Madej
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 25, 50-375 Wroclaw, Poland; (J.P.M.); (P.K.)
| | - Anna Leśków
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Wroclaw Medical University, Grunwaldzka 2, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland;
- Correspondence: (M.D.); (A.L.)
| | - Małgorzata Tarnowska
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Wroclaw Medical University, Grunwaldzka 2, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Jacek Majda
- Department of Laboratory Diagnostics, 4th Military Hospital, Weigla 5, 50-981 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Monika Szopa
- Military Center for Preventive Medicine, Slezna 158, 50-984 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Andrzej Gamian
- Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Weigla 12, 53-114 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Piotr Kuropka
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 25, 50-375 Wroclaw, Poland; (J.P.M.); (P.K.)
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Pena MJ, Costa R, Rodrigues I, Martins S, Guimarães JT, Faria A, Calhau C, Rocha JC, Borges N. Unveiling the Metabolic Effects of Glycomacropeptide. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22189731. [PMID: 34575895 PMCID: PMC8470927 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22189731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
For many years, the main nitrogen source for patients with phenylketonuria (PKU) was phenylalanine-free amino acid supplements. Recently, casein glycomacropeptide (GMP) supplements have been prescribed due to its functional and sensorial properties. Nevertheless, many doubts still persist about the metabolic effects of GMP compared to free amino acids (fAA) and intact proteins such as casein (CAS). We endeavour to compare, in rats, the metabolic effects of different nitrogen sources. Twenty-four male Wistar rats were fed equal energy density diets plus CAS (control, n = 8), fAA (n = 8) or GMP (n = 8) for 8 weeks. Food, liquid intake and body weight were measured weekly. Blood biochemical parameters and markers of glycidic metabolism were assessed. Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) was analysed by ELISA and immunohistochemistry. Food intake was higher in rats fed CAS compared to fAA or GMP throughout the treatment period. Fluid intake was similar between rats fed fAA and GMP. Body weight was systematically lower in rats fed fAA and GMP compared to those fed CAS, and still, from week 4 onwards, there were differences between fAA and GMP. None of the treatments appeared to induce consistent changes in glycaemia, while insulin levels were significantly higher in GMP. Likewise, the production of GLP-1 was higher in rats fed GMP when compared to fAA. Decreased urea, total protein and triglycerides were seen both in fAA and GMP related to CAS. GMP also reduced albumin and triglycerides in comparison to CAS and fAA, respectively. The chronic consumption of the diets triggers different metabolic responses which may provide clues to further study potential underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria João Pena
- Departamento de Biomedicina, Unidade de Bioquímica, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade do Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal; (M.J.P.); (R.C.); (I.R.); (J.T.G.)
| | - Raquel Costa
- Departamento de Biomedicina, Unidade de Bioquímica, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade do Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal; (M.J.P.); (R.C.); (I.R.); (J.T.G.)
- i3S—Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Ilda Rodrigues
- Departamento de Biomedicina, Unidade de Bioquímica, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade do Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal; (M.J.P.); (R.C.); (I.R.); (J.T.G.)
| | - Sandra Martins
- Department of Clinical Pathology, São João Hospital Centre, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal;
- Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, 4050-091 Porto, Portugal
| | - João Tiago Guimarães
- Departamento de Biomedicina, Unidade de Bioquímica, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade do Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal; (M.J.P.); (R.C.); (I.R.); (J.T.G.)
- Department of Clinical Pathology, São João Hospital Centre, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal;
- Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, 4050-091 Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana Faria
- Nutrition & Metabolism, NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 1169-056 Lisboa, Portugal; (A.F.); (C.C.); (J.C.R.)
- CINTESIS—Centre for Health Technology and Services Research, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal
- CHRC—Comprehensive Health Research Centre, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 1169-056 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Conceição Calhau
- Nutrition & Metabolism, NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 1169-056 Lisboa, Portugal; (A.F.); (C.C.); (J.C.R.)
- CINTESIS—Centre for Health Technology and Services Research, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal
- Unidade Universitária Lifestyle Medicine da José de Mello Saúde by NOVA Medical School, 1169-056 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Júlio César Rocha
- Nutrition & Metabolism, NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 1169-056 Lisboa, Portugal; (A.F.); (C.C.); (J.C.R.)
- CINTESIS—Centre for Health Technology and Services Research, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal
- Reference Centre of Inherited Metabolic Diseases, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Lisboa Central, 1169-045 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Nuno Borges
- CINTESIS—Centre for Health Technology and Services Research, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal
- Faculdade de Ciências da Nutrição e Alimentação, Universidade do Porto, 4150-180 Porto, Portugal
- Correspondence:
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Całkosiński I, Gostomska-Pampuch K, Majda J, Leśków A, Janeczek M, Melnyk OP, Gamian A. The Influence of α-Tocopherol on Serum Biochemical Markers During Experimentally Induced Pleuritis in Rats Exposed to Dioxin. Inflammation 2017; 40:913-926. [PMID: 28299486 PMCID: PMC5429350 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-017-0536-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Toxicity of dioxins is wide ranging. Amongst the organs, the liver is the most susceptible to damage by dioxins. Damage caused to liver cells results in promoting inflammatory processes. The aim of this work was to evaluate whether high doses of tocopherol will change the inflammatory response, monitored by biochemical indicators, by improving liver function in rats exposed to tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD). The study was conducted on a population of female Buffalo rats. The animals were divided into the following groups: Control Group A—representing physiological norms for the studied diagnostic indicators; Control Group B—subjects were administered a 1% ceragenin solution to induce pleuritis; Study Group 1—where rats were administered α-tocopherol acetate for 3 weeks, after which pleuritis was induced; Study Group 2—rats were administered a single dose of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD), while 3 weeks later, pleuritis was induced; and Study Group 3—rats were administered a single dose of TCDD and next, were administered α-tocopherol acetate for 3 weeks, followed by pleuritis induction. The results clearly show that administering tocopherol in the course of inflammation causes changes to the distribution and ratio of in the serum protein fractions, including acute phase proteins. The latter proteins are indicative to the improvement in liver function and linked to protein synthesis and stimulation of the antibody-mediated immunity. Moreover, in the course of inflammation caused by exposure of rats to TCDD, tocopherol significantly affected the acute phase protein concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ireneusz Całkosiński
- Independent Laboratory of Neurotoxicology and Environmental Diagnostics, Wroclaw Medical University, 51-618, Wroclaw, Poland.
| | - Kinga Gostomska-Pampuch
- Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, 53-114, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Jacek Majda
- Department of Laboratory Diagnostics, 4th Military Hospital, 50-981, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Anna Leśków
- Independent Laboratory of Neurotoxicology and Environmental Diagnostics, Wroclaw Medical University, 51-618, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Maciej Janeczek
- Department of Biostructure and Animal Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 50-375, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Oleg P Melnyk
- Department of Animal Anatomy, National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine
| | - Andrzej Gamian
- Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, 53-114, Wroclaw, Poland.,Department of Medical Biochemistry, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368, Wroclaw, Poland
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