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Hart DA. The Heterogeneity of Post-Menopausal Disease Risk: Could the Basis for Why Only Subsets of Females Are Affected Be Due to a Reversible Epigenetic Modification System Associated with Puberty, Menstrual Cycles, Pregnancy and Lactation, and, Ultimately, Menopause? Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:3866. [PMID: 38612676 PMCID: PMC11011715 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25073866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2024] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
For much of human evolution, the average lifespan was <40 years, due in part to disease, infant mortality, predators, food insecurity, and, for females, complications of childbirth. Thus, for much of evolution, many females did not reach the age of menopause (45-50 years of age) and it is mainly in the past several hundred years that the lifespan has been extended to >75 years, primarily due to public health advances, medical interventions, antibiotics, and nutrition. Therefore, the underlying biological mechanisms responsible for disease risk following menopause must have evolved during the complex processes leading to Homo sapiens to serve functions in the pre-menopausal state. Furthermore, as a primary function for the survival of the species is effective reproduction, it is likely that most of the advantages of having such post-menopausal risks relate to reproduction and the ability to address environmental stresses. This opinion/perspective will be discussed in the context of how such post-menopausal risks could enhance reproduction, with improved survival of offspring, and perhaps why such risks are preserved. Not all post-menopausal females exhibit risk for this set of diseases, and those who do develop such diseases do not have all of the conditions. The diseases of the post-menopausal state do not operate as a unified complex, but as independent variables, with the potential for some overlap. The how and why there would be such heterogeneity if the risk factors serve essential functions during the reproductive years is also discussed and the concept of sets of reversible epigenetic changes associated with puberty, pregnancy, and lactation is offered to explain the observations regarding the distribution of post-menopausal conditions and their potential roles in reproduction. While the involvement of an epigenetic system with a dynamic "modification-demodification-remodification" paradigm contributing to disease risk is a hypothesis at this point, validation of it could lead to a better understanding of post-menopausal disease risk in the context of reproduction with commonalities may also lead to future improved interventions to control such risk after menopause.
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Affiliation(s)
- David A Hart
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Kinesiology, and McCaig Institute for Bone and Joint Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
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Tisato V, Silva JA, Scarpellini F, Capucci R, Marci R, Gallo I, Salvatori F, D'Aversa E, Secchiero P, Serino ML, Zauli G, Singh AV, Gemmati D. Epigenetic role of LINE-1 methylation and key genes in pregnancy maintenance. Sci Rep 2024; 14:3275. [PMID: 38332006 PMCID: PMC10853191 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-53737-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Spontaneous abortion is a pregnancy complication characterized by complex and multifactorial etiology. About 5% of childbearing women are globally affected by early pregnancy loss (EPL) and most of them experience recurrence (RPL). Epigenetic mechanisms and controlled inflammation are crucial for pregnancy maintenance and genetic predispositions may increase the risk affecting the maternal-fetal crosstalk. Combined analyses of global methylation, inflammation and inherited predispositions may contribute to define pregnancy loss etiopathogenesis. LINE-1 epigenetic regulation plays crucial roles during embryo implantation, and its hypomethylation has been associated with senescence and several complex diseases. By analysing a group of 230 women who have gone through pregnancy interruption and comparing those experiencing spontaneous EPL (n = 123; RPL, 54.5%) with a group of normal pregnant who underwent to voluntary interruption (VPI, n = 107), the single statistical analysis revealed significant lower (P < 0.00001) LINE-1 methylation and higher (P < 0.0001) mean cytokine levels (CKs: IL6, IL10, IL17A, IL23) in EPL. Genotyping of the following SNPs accounted for different EPL/RPL risk odds ratio: F13A1 rs5985 (OR = 0.24; 0.06-0.90); F13B rs6003 (OR = 0.23; 0.047-1.1); FGA rs6050 (OR = 0.58; 0.33-1.0); CRP rs2808635/rs876538 (OR = 0.15; 0.014-0.81); ABO rs657152 (OR = 0.48; 0.22-1.08); TP53 rs1042522 (OR = 0.54; 0.32-0.92); MTHFR rs1801133/rs1801131 (OR = 2.03; 1.2-3.47) and FGB rs1800790 (OR = 1.97; 1.01-3.87), although Bonferroni correction did not reach significant outputs. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and logistic regression disclosed further SNPs positive/negative associations (e.g. APOE rs7412/rs429358; FGB rs1800790; CFH rs1061170) differently arranged and sorted in four significant PCs: PC1 (F13A, methylation, CKs); PC3 (CRP, MTHFR, age, methylation); PC4 (F13B, FGA, FGB, APOE, TP53, age, methylation); PC6 (F13A, CFH, ABO, MTHFR, TP53, age), yielding further statistical power to the association models. In detail, positive EPL risk association was with PC1 (OR = 1.81; 1.33-2.45; P < 0.0001) and negative associations with PC3 (OR = 0.489; 0.37-0.66; P < 0.0001); PC4 (OR = 0.72; 0.55-0.94; P = 0.018) and PC6 (OR = 0.61; 0.46-0.81; P = 0.001). Moreover, significant inverse associations were detected between methylation and CKs levels in the whole group (rIL10 = - 0.22; rIL17A = - 0.25; rIL23 = - 0.19; rIL6 = - 0.22), and methylation with age in the whole group, EPL and RPL subgroups (r2TOT = 0.147; r2EPL = 0.136; r2 RPL = 0.248), while VPI controls lost significance (r2VPI = 0.011). This study provides a valuable multilayer approach for investigating epigenetic abnormalities in pregnancy loss suggesting genetic-driven dysregulations and anomalous epigenetic mechanisms potentially mediated by LINE-1 hypomethylation. Women with unexplained EPL might benefit of such investigations, providing new insights for predicting the pregnancy outcome and for treating at risk women with novel targeted epidrugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Tisato
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121, Ferrara, Italy.
- University Strategic Centre for Studies On Gender Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121, Ferrara, Italy.
- Centre Haemostasis & Thrombosis, University of Ferrara, 44121, Ferrara, Italy.
- LTTA Centre, University of Ferrara, 44121, Ferrara, Italy.
| | - Juliana A Silva
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
| | | | - Roberta Capucci
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Roberto Marci
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Ines Gallo
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Francesca Salvatori
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Elisabetta D'Aversa
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Paola Secchiero
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Maria L Serino
- Centre Haemostasis & Thrombosis, University of Ferrara, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Giorgio Zauli
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Prevention, University of Ferrara, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Ajay V Singh
- Department of Chemical and Product Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), 10589, Berlin, Germany
| | - Donato Gemmati
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121, Ferrara, Italy.
- University Strategic Centre for Studies On Gender Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121, Ferrara, Italy.
- Centre Haemostasis & Thrombosis, University of Ferrara, 44121, Ferrara, Italy.
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Meza-León A, Montoya-Estrada A, Reyes-Muñoz E, Romo-Yáñez J. Diabetes Mellitus and Pregnancy: An Insight into the Effects on the Epigenome. Biomedicines 2024; 12:351. [PMID: 38397953 PMCID: PMC10886464 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12020351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Worldwide, diabetes mellitus represents a growing health problem. If it occurs during pregnancy, it can increase the risk of various abnormalities in early and advanced life stages of exposed individuals due to fetal programming occurring in utero. Studies have determined that maternal conditions interfere with the genotypes and phenotypes of offspring. Researchers are now uncovering the mechanisms by which epigenetic alterations caused by diabetes affect the expression of genes and, therefore, the development of various diseases. Among the numerous possible epigenetic changes in this regard, the most studied to date are DNA methylation and hydroxymethylation, as well as histone acetylation and methylation. This review article addresses critical findings in epigenetic studies involving diabetes mellitus, including variations reported in the expression of specific genes and their transgenerational effects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - José Romo-Yáñez
- Coordinación de Endocrinología Ginecológica y Perinatal, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología, Montes Urales 800, Lomas Virreyes, Mexico City 11000, Mexico
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Holani R, Littlejohn PT, Edwards K, Petersen C, Moon KM, Stacey RG, Bozorgmehr T, Gerbec ZJ, Serapio-Palacios A, Krekhno Z, Donald K, Foster LJ, Turvey SE, Finlay BB. A Murine Model of Maternal Micronutrient Deficiencies and Gut Inflammatory Host-microbe Interactions in the Offspring. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2024; 17:827-852. [PMID: 38307490 PMCID: PMC10973814 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2024.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Micronutrient deficiency (MND) (ie, lack of vitamins and minerals) during pregnancy is a major public health concern. Historically, studies have considered micronutrients in isolation; however, MNDs rarely occur alone. The impact of co-occurring MNDs on public health, mainly in shaping mucosal colonization by pathobionts from the Enterobacteriaceae family, remains undetermined due to lack of relevant animal models. METHODS To establish a maternal murine model of multiple MND (MMND), we customized a diet deficient in vitamins (A, B12, and B9) and minerals (iron and zinc) that most commonly affect children and women of reproductive age. Thereafter, mucosal adherence by Enterobacteriaceae, the associated inflammatory markers, and proteomic profile of intestines were determined in the offspring of MMND mothers (hereafter, low micronutrient [LM] pups) via bacterial plating, flow cytometry, and mass spectrometry, respectively. For human validation, Enterobacteriaceae abundance, assessed via 16s sequencing of 3-month-old infant fecal samples (n = 100), was correlated with micronutrient metabolites using Spearman's correlation in meconium of children from the CHILD birth cohort. RESULTS We developed an MMND model and reported an increase in colonic abundance of Enterobacteriaceae in LM pups at weaning. Findings from CHILD cohort confirmed a negative correlation between Enterobacteriaceae and micronutrient availability. Furthermore, pro-inflammatory cytokines and increased infiltration of lymphocyte antigen 6 complex high monocytes and M1-like macrophages were evident in the colons of LM pups. Mechanistically, mitochondrial dysfunction marked by reduced expression of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD)H dehydrogenase and increased expression of NAD phosphate oxidase (Nox) 1 contributed to the Enterobacteriaceae bloom. CONCLUSION This study establishes an early life MMND link to intestinal pathobiont colonization and mucosal inflammation via damaged mitochondria in the offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravi Holani
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Paula T Littlejohn
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; British Columbia Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; Centre for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Karlie Edwards
- British Columbia Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Charisse Petersen
- Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; British Columbia Children's Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Kyung-Mee Moon
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Richard G Stacey
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Tahereh Bozorgmehr
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Zachary J Gerbec
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; Department of Integrative Oncology, BC Cancer Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Antonio Serapio-Palacios
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Zakhar Krekhno
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Katherine Donald
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Leonard J Foster
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Stuart E Turvey
- Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - B Brett Finlay
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
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Leader J, Mínguez-Alarcón L, Williams PL, Ford JB, Dadd R, Chagnon O, Bellinger DC, Oken E, Calafat AM, Hauser R, Braun JM. Paternal and maternal preconception and maternal pregnancy urinary phthalate metabolite and BPA concentrations in relation to child behavior. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2024; 183:108337. [PMID: 38088019 PMCID: PMC10868726 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2023.108337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epidemiologic studies on health effects of parental preconception exposures are limited despite emerging evidence from toxicological studies suggesting that such exposures, including to environmental chemicals, may affect offspring health. OBJECTIVE We investigated whether maternal and paternal preconception and maternal pregnancy urinary phthalate metabolite and bisphenol A (BPA) concentrations were associated with child behavior. METHODS We analyzed data from the Preconception Environmental exposure And Childhood health Effects (PEACE) Study, an ongoing prospective cohort study of children aged 6-11 years whose parent(s) previously enrolled in the prospective preconception Environment and Reproductive Health (EARTH) study. Using linear mixed models, we estimated covariate-adjusted associations of 11 urinary phthalate metabolite and BPA concentrations collected prior to conception and during pregnancy with Behavioral Assessment System for Children-3 (BASC-3) T-scores (higher scores indicate more problem behaviors). RESULTS This analysis included 134 mothers, 87 fathers and 157 children (24 sets of twins); parents were predominantly non-Hispanic white (mothers and fathers86%). Higher maternal preconception or pregnancy monobenzyl phthalate (MBzP) concentrations were related to higher mean externalizing problems T-scores in their children (β = 1.3 per 1-loge unit increase; 95 % CI: -0.2, 2.4 and β = 2.1, 95 % CI: 0.7, 3.6, respectively). Higher maternal preconception monocarboxyoctyl phthalate (MCOP) was suggested to be related to lower mean externalizing problems T-scores (β = -0.9; 95 % CI: -1.8, 0.0). Higher paternal preconception MCOP was suggestively associated with lower internalizing problems (β = -0.9; 95 %CI:-1.9, 0.1) and lower Behavioral Symptoms Index (BSI) T-scores (β = -1.3; 95 % CI: -2.1, -0.4). CONCLUSION In this cohort, higher maternal preconception and pregnancy MBzP were associated with worse parent-reported child behavior, while higher maternal and paternal preconception MCOP concentrations were related to lower BASC-3 scores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordana Leader
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Lidia Mínguez-Alarcón
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Harvard Medical School & Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Paige L Williams
- Departments of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jennifer B Ford
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ramace Dadd
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Olivia Chagnon
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - David C Bellinger
- Research Director Emeritus, Cardiac Neurodevelopment Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Professor of Neurology and Psychology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Emily Oken
- Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Antonia M Calafat
- National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Russ Hauser
- Departments of Environmental Health and Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Joseph M Braun
- Department of Epidemiology, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
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Barakat R, Silva-Jose C, Zhang D, Sánchez-Polán M, Refoyo I, Montejo R. Influence of Physical Activity during Pregnancy on Maternal Hypertensive Disorders: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. J Pers Med 2023; 14:10. [PMID: 38276226 PMCID: PMC10817323 DOI: 10.3390/jpm14010010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Gestational hypertension is a notable concern with ramifications for maternal and fetal health. Preemptive measures, including physical activity (PA), are crucial. There is a pressing need for comprehensive investigations into the impact of various forms of PA on hypertensive disorders. A systematic review and meta-analysis (CRD42022372468) following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines was performed. Our review exclusively considered randomized clinical trials (RCTs) between 2010 and 2023, using the following databases: EBSCO, including Academic Search Premier, Education Resources Information Center, PubMed/MEDLINE, SPORTDiscus, and OpenDissertations; Clinicaltrials.gov; Web of Science; Scopus; the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews; and the Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro). The primary outcome was hypertensive disorders occurring during pregnancy (14 studies). Diagnosed preeclampsia (15 studies) and blood pressure levels were also examined (17 studies). PA during pregnancy was significantly associated with a reduced risk of hypertensive disorders (RR = 0.44, 95% CI = 0.30, 0.66). The data also indicate a positive correlation between PA during pregnancy and both systolic (MD = -2.64, 95% CI = -4.79, -0.49) and diastolic (MD = -1.99, 95% CI = -3.68, -0.29) blood pressure levels. The relationship between PA and the incidence of diagnosed preeclampsia did not demonstrate a statistically significant association (RR = 0.81, 95% CI = 0.59, 1.11; p = 0.20). Random effects were used for all analyses. PA during pregnancy promises to improve maternal health by reducing the risk of gestational hypertension and positively affecting systolic and diastolic blood pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rubén Barakat
- AFIPE Research Group, Faculty of Physical Activity and Sport Sciences-INEF, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (C.S.-J.); (D.Z.); (M.S.-P.)
| | - Cristina Silva-Jose
- AFIPE Research Group, Faculty of Physical Activity and Sport Sciences-INEF, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (C.S.-J.); (D.Z.); (M.S.-P.)
| | - Dingfeng Zhang
- AFIPE Research Group, Faculty of Physical Activity and Sport Sciences-INEF, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (C.S.-J.); (D.Z.); (M.S.-P.)
| | - Miguel Sánchez-Polán
- AFIPE Research Group, Faculty of Physical Activity and Sport Sciences-INEF, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (C.S.-J.); (D.Z.); (M.S.-P.)
| | - Ignacio Refoyo
- Faculty of Physical Activity and Sport Sciences-INEF, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Rocío Montejo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 41346 Gothenburg, Sweden;
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, 41346 Gothenburg, Sweden
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Murphy CC, Betts AC, Pruitt SL, Cohn BA, Shay LA, Allicock MA, Wang JS, Lupo PJ. Birth Defects in Offspring of Adolescent and Young Adults with a History of Cancer: A Population-Based Study of 27,000 Women. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2023; 32:1699-1706. [PMID: 37707371 PMCID: PMC10842971 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-23-0743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We examined birth defects in offspring of adolescent and young adult (AYA) women with a history of cancer (age 15-39 years at diagnosis). METHODS We identified AYA women diagnosed with cancer between January 1, 1999, and December 31, 2015 using population-based data from the Texas Cancer Registry; data were linked with live birth and fetal death certificates through December 31, 2016 to identify singleton births to AYA women after diagnosis. Birth defects in offspring through age 12 months were ascertained from the Texas Birth Defects Registry. We estimated risk of birth defects in offspring of AYA women and women without cancer (matched 3:1 by maternal race/ethnicity, maternal age, and offspring year of birth) and compared risk using log binomial regression models. RESULTS There were 6,882 singleton births to AYA women after diagnosis. Common cancer types were thyroid (28.9%), lymphoma (12.5%), and breast (10.7%). Risk of any birth defect was higher in offspring of AYA women (6.0%) compared with offspring of women without cancer [n = 20,646; 4.8%; risk ratio (RR) 1.24; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.11-1.38]. Risk of eye or ear (RR, 1.39; 95% CI, 1.03-1.90), heart and circulatory (RR, 1.32; 95% CI, 1.09-1.60), genitourinary (RR, 1.38; 95% CI, 1.12-1.69), and musculoskeletal (RR, 1.37; 95% CI, 1.13-1.66) defects was also higher. CONCLUSIONS Risk of birth defects was elevated in liveborn and stillborn offspring of AYA women. IMPACT Although birth defects are rare, AYA women making decisions about pregnancy and prenatal care should receive appropriate counseling and surveillance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caitlin C. Murphy
- Department of Health Promotion & Behavioral Sciences, UTHealth Houston School of Public Health, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Andrea C. Betts
- Department of Health Promotion & Behavioral Sciences, UTHealth Houston School of Public Health, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Sandi L. Pruitt
- Peter O’Donnell Jr. School of Public Health, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
- Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Barbara A. Cohn
- Child Health and Development Studies, Public Health Institute, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - L. Aubree Shay
- Department of Health Promotion & Behavioral Sciences, UTHealth Houston School of Public Health, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Marlyn A. Allicock
- Department of Health Promotion & Behavioral Sciences, UTHealth Houston School of Public Health, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jennifer S. Wang
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, UTHealth Houston School of Public Health, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Philip J. Lupo
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
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Simana S, Ravitsky V, Cohen IG. The misplaced embryo: legal parenthood in 'embryo mix-up' cases. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ETHICS 2023:jme-2023-109401. [PMID: 38050118 DOI: 10.1136/jme-2023-109401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023]
Abstract
Recently in Israel, a woman was mistakenly implanted with an embryo that is genetically related to another couple. Unfortunately, this case is not an isolated occurrence, as other cases of embryo mix-ups have been reported in several countries, including the USA, China, the UK and various other countries within the European Union. Cases of mixed-up embryos are ethically and legally complex: the woman who carried the pregnancy and the woman who is genetically related to the resulting child-both of whom endured emotionally and physically demanding infertility treatments-along with their partners, may be unwilling to relinquish parental rights over the child.This article explores four possible approaches, found in numerous common law jurisdictions, which can be used to address cases involving embryo mix-ups. Our analysis reveals several avenues through which legal parentage can be established. It can be done through gestation and the marital presumption, genetic connections, by adhering to the principle of the best interests of the child, or by recognising multiple individuals as legal parents. We review the advantages and disadvantages of each approach, but we have one clear recommendation: resolving embryo mix-up cases should be done proactively through the establishment of legislation and guidelines, rather than relying on post hoc individual court decisions. Such legislation and guidelines should guarantee the consistency of values throughout diverse reproductive contexts and mandate that fertility clinics and medical professionals provide individuals with comprehensive information regarding the potential risks associated with assisted reproductive treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shelly Simana
- Stanford Law School, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | | | - I Glenn Cohen
- Harvard Law School, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
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Wei M, Gao Q, Liu J, Yang Y, Yang J, Fan J, Lv S, Yang S. Development programming: Stress during gestation alters offspring development in sheep. Reprod Domest Anim 2023; 58:1497-1511. [PMID: 37697713 DOI: 10.1111/rda.14465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
Inappropriate management practices of domestic animals during pregnancy can be potential stressors, resulting in complex behavioural, physiological and neurological consequences in the developing offspring. Some of these consequences can last into adulthood or propagate to subsequent generations. We systematically summarized the results of different experimental patterns using artificially increased maternal glucocorticoid levels or prenatal maternal physiological stress paradigms, mediators between prenatal maternal stress (PMS) and programming effects in the offspring and the effects of PMS on offspring phenotypes in sheep. PMS can impair birthweight, regulate the development of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, modify behavioural patterns and cognitive abilities and alter gene expression and brain morphology in offspring. Further research should focus on the effects of programming on gene expression, immune function, gut microbiome, sex-specific effects and maternal behaviour of offspring, especially comparative studies of gestational periods when PMS is applied, continual studies of programming effects on offspring and treatment strategies that effectively reverse the detrimental programming effects of prenatal stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingji Wei
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- College of Agriculture and Forestry Science, Linyi University, Linyi, China
| | - Qian Gao
- College of Agriculture and Forestry Science, Linyi University, Linyi, China
| | - Junjun Liu
- Hebei Agriculture University, Baoding, China
| | - Yan Yang
- Linyi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Linyi, China
| | - Jinyan Yang
- College of Agriculture and Forestry Science, Linyi University, Linyi, China
| | - Jingchang Fan
- Jiaxiang County Sheep Breeding Farm, Jiaxiang, China
| | - Shenjin Lv
- College of Agriculture and Forestry Science, Linyi University, Linyi, China
| | - Shengmei Yang
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
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10
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Basak S, Varma S, Duttaroy AK. Modulation of fetoplacental growth, development and reproductive function by endocrine disrupters. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1215353. [PMID: 37854189 PMCID: PMC10579913 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1215353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Maternal endocrine homeostasis is vital to a successful pregnancy, regulated by several hormones such as human chorionic gonadotropin, estrogen, leptin, glucocorticoid, insulin, prostaglandin, and others. Endocrine stress during pregnancy can modulate nutrient availability from mother to fetus, alter fetoplacental growth and reproductive functions. Endocrine disrupters such as bisphenols (BPs) and phthalates are exposed in our daily life's highest volume. Therefore, they are extensively scrutinized for their effects on metabolism, steroidogenesis, insulin signaling, and inflammation involving obesity, diabetes, and the reproductive system. BPs have their structural similarity to 17-β estradiol and their ability to bind as an agonist or antagonist to estrogen receptors to elicit an adverse response to the function of the endocrine and reproductive system. While adults can negate the adverse effects of these endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs), fetuses do not equip themselves with enzymatic machinery to catabolize their conjugates. Therefore, EDC exposure makes the fetoplacental developmental window vulnerable to programming in utero. On the one hand prenatal BPs and phthalates exposure can impair the structure and function of the ovary and uterus, resulting in placental vascular defects, inappropriate placental expression of angiogenic growth factors due to altered hypothalamic response, expression of nutrient transporters, and epigenetic changes associated with maternal endocrine stress. On the other, their exposure during pregnancy can affect the offspring's metabolic, endocrine and reproductive functions by altering fetoplacental programming. This review highlights the latest development in maternal metabolic and endocrine modulations from exposure to estrogenic mimic chemicals on subcellular and transgenerational changes in placental development and its effects on fetal growth, size, and metabolic & reproductive functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjay Basak
- Molecular Biology Division, ICMR-National Institute of Nutrition, Indian Council of Medical Research, Hyderabad, India
| | - Saikanth Varma
- Molecular Biology Division, ICMR-National Institute of Nutrition, Indian Council of Medical Research, Hyderabad, India
| | - Asim K. Duttaroy
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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11
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Pradhan J, Mallick S, Mishra N, Tiwari A, Negi VD. Pregnancy, infection, and epigenetic regulation: A complex scenario. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2023:166768. [PMID: 37269984 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2023.166768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
A unique immunological condition, pregnancy ensures fetus from maternal rejection, allows adequate fetal development, and protects against microorganisms. Infections during pregnancy may lead to devastating consequences for pregnant women and fetuses, resulting in the mother's death, miscarriage, premature childbirth, or neonate with congenital infection and severe diseases and defects. Epigenetic (heritable changes in gene expression) mechanisms like DNA methylation, chromatin modification, and gene expression modulation during gestation are linked with the number of defects in the fetus and adolescents. The feto-maternal crosstalk for fetal survival during the entire gestational stages are tightly regulated by various cellular pathways, including epigenetic mechanisms that respond to both internal as well outer environmental factors, which can influence the fetal development across the gestational stages. Due to the intense physiological, endocrinological, and immunological changes, pregnant women are more susceptible to bacterial, viral, parasitic, and fungal infections than the general population. Microbial infections with viruses (LCMV, SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, and SARS-CoV-2) and bacteria (Clostridium perfringens, Coxiella burnetii, Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella enteritidis) further increase the risk to maternal and fetal life and developmental outcome. If the infections remain untreated, the possibility of maternal and fetal death exists. This article focused on the severity and susceptibility to infections caused by Salmonella, Listeria, LCMV, and SARS-CoV-2 during pregnancy and their impact on maternal health and the fetus. How epigenetic regulation during pregnancy plays a vital role in deciding the fetus's developmental outcome under various conditions, including infection and other stress. A better understanding of the host-pathogen interaction, the characterization of the maternal immune system, and the epigenetic regulations during pregnancy may help protect the mother and fetus from infection-mediated outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmin Pradhan
- Laboratory of Infection Immunology, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela 769008, Odisha, India.
| | - Swarupa Mallick
- Laboratory of Infection Immunology, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela 769008, Odisha, India.
| | - Neha Mishra
- Laboratory of Infection Immunology, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela 769008, Odisha, India.
| | - Aman Tiwari
- Vidya Devi Negi, Infection Immunology Laboratory (2i-Lab), Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali, Knowledge City, Sector 81, SAS Nagar, Punjab 140306, India
| | - Vidya Devi Negi
- Vidya Devi Negi, Infection Immunology Laboratory (2i-Lab), Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali, Knowledge City, Sector 81, SAS Nagar, Punjab 140306, India.
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12
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Cardino VN, Goeden T, Yakah W, Ezeamama AE, Fenton JI. New Perspectives on the Associations between Blood Fatty Acids, Growth Parameters, and Cognitive Development in Global Child Populations. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15081933. [PMID: 37111152 PMCID: PMC10143140 DOI: 10.3390/nu15081933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Malnutrition is prevalent in low-middle-income countries (LMICs), but it is usually clinically diagnosed through abnormal anthropometric parameters characteristic of protein energy malnutrition (PEM). In doing so, other contributors or byproducts of malnutrition, notably essential fatty acid deficiency (EFAD), are overlooked. Previous research performed mainly in high-income countries (HICs) shows that deficiencies in essential fatty acids (EFAs) and their n-3 and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) byproducts (also known as highly unsaturated fatty acids or HUFAs) lead to both abnormal linear growth and impaired cognitive development. These adverse developmental outcomes remain an important public health issue in LMICs. To identify EFAD before severe malnutrition develops, clinicians should perform blood fatty acid panels to measure levels of fatty acids associated with EFAD, notably Mead acid and HUFAs. This review demonstrates the importance of measuring endogenous fatty acid levels for measuring fatty acid intake in various child populations in LMICs. Featured topics include a comparison of fatty acid levels between global child populations, the relationships between growth and cognition and PUFAs and the possible mechanisms driving these relationships, and the potential importance of EFAD and HUFA scores as biomarkers of overall health and normal development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa N Cardino
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Travis Goeden
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - William Yakah
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Amara E Ezeamama
- Department of Psychiatry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Jenifer I Fenton
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
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Dambre C, Strack Diaz JG, Orhan R, Montag D, van der Zande I, Gallo V. Working toward a transdisciplinary approach to teaching and learning planetary health-A collective reflection. Front Public Health 2022; 10:1039736. [PMID: 36544801 PMCID: PMC9760702 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1039736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In order to educate the next generation of leaders to work at reverting the damaging effects of the Anthropocene, there is an increasing need to incorporate more environmental-related aspects in all teaching programmes, including the health-related. Planetary health is a complex field which can benefit from a transdisciplinary pedagogical approach. The aim of this research was to evaluate an approach working toward transdisciplinarity applied to a course of Planetary Health taught at the Bachelor degree Global Responsibility & Leadership of the University of Groningen through substantive feedback and reflections from the students. Methods By the end of the course, a focus group was conducted with the students inviting them to reflect on the different aspects of the pedagogical approach, evaluating their effectiveness. A thematic analysis was conducted on the transcribed focus group. Results The students appreciated the added value of working toward a transdisciplinary approach and peer-to-peer learning and teaching adopted in the Planetary Health course, as a way of enhancing their learning experience. They pointed out the need of incorporating a transcultural approach into the transdisciplinary one, as a way not only to improve their learning experience, but also to enrich the transdisciplinarity itself. Conclusion Incorporating a process toward transdisciplinary and transcultural teaching of planetary health into undergraduate programmes was found to be of added value. The peer-to-peer horizontal learning opportunities were seen as a way for taking advantage of the collaborative, informal teaching and community building serving the overall scope of the course.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cato Dambre
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium,Department of Sustainable Health, Campus Fryslân, University of Groningen, Leeuwarden, Netherlands
| | | | - Rana Orhan
- The Association of Schools of Public Health in the European Region, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Doreen Montag
- Unit for Global Public Health, Wolfson Institute of Population Health, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Indira van der Zande
- University College Fryslan, Campus Fryslân, University of Groningen, Leeuwarden, Netherlands
| | - Valentina Gallo
- Department of Sustainable Health, Campus Fryslân, University of Groningen, Leeuwarden, Netherlands,*Correspondence: Valentina Gallo
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Andrawus M, Sharvit L, Atzmon G. Epigenetics and Pregnancy: Conditional Snapshot or Rolling Event. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232012698. [PMID: 36293556 PMCID: PMC9603966 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232012698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Epigenetics modification such as DNA methylation can affect maternal health during the gestation period. Furthermore, pregnancy can drive a range of physiological and molecular changes that have the potential to contribute to pathological conditions. Pregnancy-related risk factors include multiple environmental, behavioral, and hereditary factors that can impact maternal DNA methylation with long-lasting consequences. Identification of the epigenetic patterns linked to poor pregnancy outcomes is crucial since changes in DNA methylation patterns can have long-term effects. In this review, we provide an overview of the epigenetic changes that influence pregnancy-related molecular programming such as gestational diabetes, immune response, and pre-eclampsia, in an effort to close the gap in current understanding regarding interactions between the environment, the genetics of the fetus, and the pregnant woman.
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Monoamine Neurotransmitters Control Basic Emotions and Affect Major Depressive Disorders. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15101203. [PMID: 36297314 PMCID: PMC9611768 DOI: 10.3390/ph15101203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a common and complex mental disorder, that adversely impacts an individual’s quality of life, but its diagnosis and treatment are not accurately executed and a symptom-based approach is utilized in most cases, due to the lack of precise knowledge regarding the pathophysiology. So far, the first-line treatments are still based on monoamine neurotransmitters. Even though there is a lot of progress in this field, the mechanisms seem to get more and more confusing, and the treatment is also getting more and more controversial. In this study, we try to review the broad advances of monoamine neurotransmitters in the field of MDD, and update its effects in many advanced neuroscience studies. We still propose the monoamine hypothesis but paid special attention to their effects on the new pathways for MDD, such as inflammation, oxidative stress, neurotrophins, and neurogenesis, especially in the glial cells, which have recently been found to play an important role in many neurodegenerative disorders, including MDD. In addition, we will extend the monoamine hypothesis to basic emotions; as suggested in our previous reports, the three monoamine neurotransmitters play different roles in emotions: dopamine—joy, norepinephrine—fear (anger), serotonins—disgust (sadness). Above all, this paper tries to give a full picture of the relationship between the MDD and the monoamine neurotransmitters such as DA, NE, and 5-HT, as well as their contributions to the Three Primary Color Model of Basic Emotions (joy, fear, and disgust). This is done by explaining the contribution of the monoamine from many sides for MDD, such the digestive tract, astrocytes, microglial, and others, and very briefly addressing the potential of monoamine neurotransmitters as a therapeutic approach for MDD patients and also the reasons for its limited clinical efficacy, side effects, and delayed onset of action. We hope this review might offer new pharmacological management of MDD.
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Maternal and Neonatal Vitamin D Binding Protein Polymorphisms and 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Cutoffs as Determinants of Neonatal Birth Anthropometry. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14183799. [PMID: 36145176 PMCID: PMC9504771 DOI: 10.3390/nu14183799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Vitamin D-binding protein (VDBP) is a vital regulator of optimal vitamin D homeostasis and bioavailability. Apart from its well-documented role as a key component in vitamin D dynamic transfer and circulation, it has a myriad of immunoregulatory functions related to innate immunity, which becomes particularly critical in states of increased immunological tolerance including pregnancy. In this regard, VDBP dyshomeostasis is considered to contribute to the development of several fetal, maternal, and neonatal adverse outcomes. However, precise physiological pathways, including the contribution of specific VDBP polymorphisms behind such phenomena, are yet to be fully deciphered. Our aim was to assess the combined effect of maternal and neonatal VDBP polymorphism heterogeneity in conjunction with different maternal and neonatal 25(OH)D cutoffs on the neonatal anthropometric profile at birth. Methods: The study included data and samples from a cohort of 66 mother–child pairs at birth. The inclusion criterion was full-term pregnancy (gestational weeks 37–42). Neonatal and maternal 25(OH)D cutoffs were included according to vitamin D status at birth and delivery. Concentrations of 25(OH)D2 and 25(OH)D3 were measured using liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. Results: The upper arm length of neonates with 25(OH)D ≤ 25 nmol/L was higher in neonate CC carriers for rs2298850. The upper thigh neonatal circumference was also higher in the ones with either 25(OH)D ≤ 50 or ≤75 nmol/L in rs2298850 CG + GG or rs4588 GT + TT carriers. We did not observe any significant effect for maternal VDBP polymorphisms nor for birth maternal 25(OH)D concentrations, on birth neonatal anthropometry. Conclusions: Our findings emphasize a potential role for neonatal VDBP genotypes rs2298850 and rs4588, in conjunction with specific neonatal 25(OH)D cutoffs, in the range of sufficiency on neonatal growth and development.
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Salinas-Roca B, Rubió-Piqué L, Montull-López A. Polyphenol Intake in Pregnant Women on Gestational Diabetes Risk and Neurodevelopmental Disorders in Offspring: A Systematic Review. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14183753. [PMID: 36145129 PMCID: PMC9502213 DOI: 10.3390/nu14183753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The intake of foods containing polyphenols can have a protective role to avoid comorbidities during pregnancy and, at the same time, promote transgenerational health. This review aims to describe the effect of polyphenol intake through supplements or polyphenol-rich foods during pregnancy on the incidence and evolution of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), as well as the link with the neurodevelopment of the fetus. Using PRISMA procedures, a systematic review was conducted by searching in biomedical databases (PubMed, Cinahl and Scopus) from January to June 2022. Full articles were screened (n = 419) and critically appraised. Fourteen studies were selected and were divided into two different thematic blocks considering (i) the effect of polyphenols in GDM and (ii) the effect of GDM to mental disorders in the offspring. A positive relationship was observed between the intake of polyphenols and the prevention and control of cardiometabolic complications during pregnancy, such as GDM, which could be related to thwarted inflammatory and oxidative processes, as well as neuronal factors. GDM is related to a greater risk of suffering from diseases related to neurodevelopment, such as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, autism spectrum disorder and learning disorder. Further clinical research on the molecule protective mechanism of polyphenols on pregnant women is required to understand the transgenerational impact on fetal neurodevelopment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blanca Salinas-Roca
- Global Research on Wellbeing (GRoW) Research Group, Blanquerna School of Health Science, Ramon Llull University, Padilla, 326-332, 08025 Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Nursing and Physiotherapy, University of Lleida, Montserrat Roig 2, 25198 Lleida, Spain
- Correspondence:
| | - Laura Rubió-Piqué
- Antioxidants Research Group, Food Technology Department, AGROTECNIO-CERCA Center, University of Lleida, Av/Alcalde Rovira Roure 191, 25198 Lleida, Spain
| | - Anna Montull-López
- Department of Nursing and Physiotherapy, University of Lleida, Montserrat Roig 2, 25198 Lleida, Spain
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Lei L, Jiang L, Hu Y, Chen M, Huang J, Chen J, Zeng Q. The comprehensive assessment of epigenetics changes during skin development. FUNDAMENTAL RESEARCH 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fmre.2022.08.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
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