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Miniero DV, Gambacorta N, Spagnoletta A, Tragni V, Loizzo S, Nicolotti O, Pierri CL, De Palma A. New Insights Regarding Hemin Inhibition of the Purified Rat Brain 2-Oxoglutarate Carrier and Relationships with Mitochondrial Dysfunction. J Clin Med 2022; 11:7519. [PMID: 36556135 PMCID: PMC9785169 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11247519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
A kinetic analysis of the transport assays on the purified rat brain 2-oxoglutarate/malate carrier (OGC) was performed starting from our recent results reporting about a competitive inhibitory behavior of hemin, a physiological porphyrin derivative, on the OGC reconstituted in an active form into proteoliposomes. The newly provided transport data and the elaboration of the kinetic equations show evidence that hemin exerts a mechanism of partially competitive inhibition, coupled with the formation of a ternary complex hemin-carrier substrate, when hemin targets the OGC from the matrix face. A possible interpretation of the provided kinetic analysis, which is supported by computational studies, could indicate the existence of a binding region responsible for the inhibition of the OGC and supposedly involved in the regulation of OGC activity. The proposed regulatory binding site is located on OGC mitochondrial matrix loops, where hemin could establish specific interactions with residues involved in the substrate recognition and/or conformational changes responsible for the translocation of mitochondrial carrier substrates. The regulatory binding site would be placed about 6 Å below the substrate binding site of the OGC, facing the mitochondrial matrix, and would allow the simultaneous binding of hemin and 2-oxoglutarate or malate to different regions of the carrier. Overall, the presented experimental and computational analyses help to shed light on the possible existence of the hemin-carrier substrate ternary complex, confirming the ability of the OGC to bind porphyrin derivatives, and in particular hemin, with possible consequences for the mitochondrial redox state mediated by the malate/aspartate shuttle led by the mitochondrial carriers OGC and AGC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Valeria Miniero
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Environment, University “Aldo Moro” of Bari, Via E. Orabona, 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Nicola Gambacorta
- Department of Pharmacy-Pharmaceutical Sciences, University “Aldo Moro” of Bari, Via E. Orabona, 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Anna Spagnoletta
- ENEA Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development, Trisaia Research Centre, S.S. 106 Jonica, Km 419,500, 75026 Rotondella (MT), Italy
| | - Vincenzo Tragni
- Department of Pharmacy-Pharmaceutical Sciences, University “Aldo Moro” of Bari, Via E. Orabona, 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Stefano Loizzo
- Department of Cardiovascular, Endocrine-Metabolic Diseases and Aging, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena, 299, 00161 Roma, Italy
| | - Orazio Nicolotti
- Department of Pharmacy-Pharmaceutical Sciences, University “Aldo Moro” of Bari, Via E. Orabona, 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Ciro Leonardo Pierri
- Department of Pharmacy-Pharmaceutical Sciences, University “Aldo Moro” of Bari, Via E. Orabona, 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Annalisa De Palma
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Environment, University “Aldo Moro” of Bari, Via E. Orabona, 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
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The Interaction of Hemin, a Porphyrin Derivative, with the Purified Rat Brain 2-Oxoglutarate Carrier. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11081175. [PMID: 34439841 PMCID: PMC8393474 DOI: 10.3390/biom11081175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The mitochondrial 2-oxoglutarate carrier (OGC), isolated and purified from rat brain mitochondria, was reconstituted into proteoliposomes to study the interaction with hemin, a porphyrin derivative, which may result from the breakdown of heme-containing proteins and plays a key role in several metabolic pathways. By kinetic approaches, on the basis of the single binding centre gated pore mechanism, we analyzed the effect of hemin on the transport rate of OGC in uptake and efflux experiments in proteoliposomes reconstituted in the presence of the substrate 2-oxoglutarate. Overall, our experimental data fit the hypothesis that hemin operates a competitive inhibition in the 0.5-10 µM concentration range. As a consequence of the OGC inhibition, the malate/aspartate shuttle might be impaired, causing an alteration of mitochondrial function. Hence, considering that the metabolism of porphyrins implies both cytoplasmic and mitochondrial processes, OGC may participate in the regulation of porphyrin derivatives availability and the related metabolic pathways that depend on them (such as oxidative phosphorylation and apoptosis). For the sake of clarity, a simplified model based on induced-fit molecular docking supported the in vitro transport assays findings that hemin was as good as 2-oxoglutarate to bind the carrier by engaging specific ionic hydrogen bond interactions with a number of key residues known for participating in the similarly located mitochondrial carrier substrate binding site.
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Yang J, Khan MAK, Zhang H, Zhang Y, Certik M, Garre V, Song Y. Mitochondrial Citrate Transport System in the Fungus Mucor circinelloides: Identification, Phylogenetic Analysis, and Expression Profiling During Growth and Lipid Accumulation. Curr Microbiol 2019; 77:220-231. [PMID: 31802201 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-019-01822-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The mitochondrial citrate transport system, composed of citrate and malate transporters (MTs), can regulate the citrate efflux from mitochondria to cytosol, and then citrate is cleaved into OAA and acetyl-CoA which can be used for fatty acid (FA) biosynthesis. However, in the fungus Mucor circinelloides the molecular mechanism of citrate efflux from the mitochondria by this system and its role in FA synthesis is unclear. In the present study, we have analyzed the genome of high lipid-producing strain WJ11 and the low lipid-producing strain CBS 277.49 to find the potential genes involving in this system. Five potential genes are present in the genome of WJ11. These genes encode one citrate transport protein (CT), one tricarboxylate carrier (TCT), one MT, and two 2-oxoglutarate:malate antiporters (SoDIT-a and SoDIT-b). However, the genome of CBS 277.49 contains the same set of genes, except for the presence of just one SoDIT. The proteins from WJ11 had similar properties as their counterparts in CBS 277.49. Moreover, phylogenetic analyses revealed the evolutionary relationship of these proteins and illuminated their typical motifs related to potential functions. Additionally, the expression of these genes was analyzed to predict the possible functions in lipid metabolism in M. circinelloides. This is the first study to report the in silico analysis of structures and functions of the mitochondrial citrate transport system in M. circinelloides. This work showed a new strategy for research for the selection of candidate genes for further detailed functional investigation of the mitochondrial citrate transport system in lipid accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junhuan Yang
- Colin Ratledge Center for Microbial Lipids, School of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, 255000, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Md Ahsanul Kabir Khan
- Colin Ratledge Center for Microbial Lipids, School of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, 255000, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Huaiyuan Zhang
- Colin Ratledge Center for Microbial Lipids, School of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, 255000, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yao Zhang
- Colin Ratledge Center for Microbial Lipids, School of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, 255000, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Milan Certik
- Institute of Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology, Radlinskeho 9, 812 37, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Victoriano Garre
- Departmento de Genética Y Microbiología (Unidad Asociada Al Instituto de Química Física Rocasolano, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas), Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Murcia, 30100, Murcia, Spain.
| | - Yuanda Song
- Colin Ratledge Center for Microbial Lipids, School of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, 255000, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
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Yang J, Li S, Kabir Khan MA, Garre V, Vongsangnak W, Song Y. Increased Lipid Accumulation in Mucor circinelloides by Overexpression of Mitochondrial Citrate Transporter Genes. Ind Eng Chem Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.8b05564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Junhuan Yang
- Colin Ratledge Center for Microbial Lipids, School of Agriculture Engineering and Food Sciences, Shandong University of Technology, Shandong zibo 255049, P. R. China
| | - Shaoqi Li
- Colin Ratledge Center for Microbial Lipids, School of Agriculture Engineering and Food Sciences, Shandong University of Technology, Shandong zibo 255049, P. R. China
| | - Md. Ahsanul Kabir Khan
- Colin Ratledge Center for Microbial Lipids, School of Agriculture Engineering and Food Sciences, Shandong University of Technology, Shandong zibo 255049, P. R. China
| | - Victoriano Garre
- Departmento de Genética y Microbiología (Unidad Asociada al Instituto de Química Física Rocasolano, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas), Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Murcia, Murcia 30100, Spain
| | - Wanwipa Vongsangnak
- Omics Center for Agriculture, Bioresources, Food and Health, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University (OmiKU), Bangkok 10900, Thailand
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
| | - Yuanda Song
- Colin Ratledge Center for Microbial Lipids, School of Agriculture Engineering and Food Sciences, Shandong University of Technology, Shandong zibo 255049, P. R. China
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The oxoglutarate/malate carrier of rat brain mitochondria operates by a uniport exchange mechanism. J Bioenerg Biomembr 2010; 42:371-9. [DOI: 10.1007/s10863-010-9308-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Gnoni GV, Priore P, Geelen MJH, Siculella L. The mitochondrial citrate carrier: metabolic role and regulation of its activity and expression. IUBMB Life 2009; 61:987-94. [PMID: 19787704 DOI: 10.1002/iub.249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The citrate carrier (CiC), a nuclear-encoded protein located in the mitochondrial inner membrane, is a member of the mitochondrial carrier family. CiC plays an important role in hepatic lipogenesis, which is responsible for the efflux of acetyl-CoA from the mitochondria to the cytosol in the form of citrate, the primer for fatty acid and cholesterol synthesis. In addition, CiC is a key component of the isocitrate-oxoglutarate and the citrate-malate shuttles. CiC has been purified from various species and its reconstituted function characterized as well as its cDNA isolated and sequenced. CiC mRNA and/or CiC protein levels are high in liver, pancreas, and kidney, but are low or absent in brain, heart, skeletal muscle, placenta, and lungs. A reduction of CiC activity was found in diabetic, hypothyroid, starved rats, and in rats fed on a polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA)-enriched diet. Molecular analysis suggested that the regulation of CiC activity occurs mainly through transcriptional and post-transcriptional mechanisms. This review begins with an assessment of the current understanding of CiC structural and biochemical characteristics, underlying the structure-function relationship. Emphasis will be placed on the molecular basis of the regulation of CiC activity in coordination with fatty acid synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele V Gnoni
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Biological and Environmental Science and Technologies, University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy.
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Aliverdieva DA, Mamaev DV. Molecular characteristics of transporters of C4-dicarboxylates and mechanism of translocation. J EVOL BIOCHEM PHYS+ 2009. [DOI: 10.1134/s0022093009030016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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