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Coutinho LL, Femino EL, Gonzalez AL, Moffat RL, Heinz WF, Cheng RYS, Lockett SJ, Rangel MC, Ridnour LA, Wink DA. NOS2 and COX-2 Co-Expression Promotes Cancer Progression: A Potential Target for Developing Agents to Prevent or Treat Highly Aggressive Breast Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6103. [PMID: 38892290 PMCID: PMC11173351 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25116103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) exert profound biological impacts dictated by their chemistry. Understanding their spatial distribution is essential for deciphering their roles in diverse biological processes. This review establishes a framework for the chemical biology of NO and RNS, exploring their dynamic reactions within the context of cancer. Concentration-dependent signaling reveals distinctive processes in cancer, with three levels of NO influencing oncogenic properties. In this context, NO plays a crucial role in cancer cell proliferation, metastasis, chemotherapy resistance, and immune suppression. Increased NOS2 expression correlates with poor survival across different tumors, including breast cancer. Additionally, NOS2 can crosstalk with the proinflammatory enzyme cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) to promote cancer progression. NOS2 and COX-2 co-expression establishes a positive feed-forward loop, driving immunosuppression and metastasis in estrogen receptor-negative (ER-) breast cancer. Spatial evaluation of NOS2 and COX-2 reveals orthogonal expression, suggesting the unique roles of these niches in the tumor microenvironment (TME). NOS2 and COX2 niche formation requires IFN-γ and cytokine-releasing cells. These niches contribute to poor clinical outcomes, emphasizing their role in cancer progression. Strategies to target these markers include direct inhibition, involving pan-inhibitors and selective inhibitors, as well as indirect approaches targeting their induction or downstream effectors. Compounds from cruciferous vegetables are potential candidates for NOS2 and COX-2 inhibition offering therapeutic applications. Thus, understanding the chemical biology of NO and RNS, their spatial distribution, and their implications in cancer progression provides valuable insights for developing targeted therapies and preventive strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leandro L. Coutinho
- Cancer Innovation Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD 21702, USA; (L.L.C.); (E.L.F.); (A.L.G.); (R.Y.S.C.)
- Center for Translational Research in Oncology, ICESP/HC, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo and Comprehensive Center for Precision Oncology, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-000, SP, Brazil;
| | - Elise L. Femino
- Cancer Innovation Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD 21702, USA; (L.L.C.); (E.L.F.); (A.L.G.); (R.Y.S.C.)
| | - Ana L. Gonzalez
- Cancer Innovation Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD 21702, USA; (L.L.C.); (E.L.F.); (A.L.G.); (R.Y.S.C.)
| | - Rebecca L. Moffat
- Optical Microscopy and Analysis Laboratory, Office of Science and Technology Resources, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD 21702, USA;
| | - William F. Heinz
- Optical Microscopy and Analysis Laboratory, Cancer Research Technology Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21702, USA; (W.F.H.); (S.J.L.)
| | - Robert Y. S. Cheng
- Cancer Innovation Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD 21702, USA; (L.L.C.); (E.L.F.); (A.L.G.); (R.Y.S.C.)
| | - Stephen J. Lockett
- Optical Microscopy and Analysis Laboratory, Cancer Research Technology Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21702, USA; (W.F.H.); (S.J.L.)
| | - M. Cristina Rangel
- Center for Translational Research in Oncology, ICESP/HC, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo and Comprehensive Center for Precision Oncology, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-000, SP, Brazil;
| | - Lisa A. Ridnour
- Cancer Innovation Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD 21702, USA; (L.L.C.); (E.L.F.); (A.L.G.); (R.Y.S.C.)
| | - David A. Wink
- Cancer Innovation Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD 21702, USA; (L.L.C.); (E.L.F.); (A.L.G.); (R.Y.S.C.)
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Shewaiter MA, Selim AA, Rashed HM, Moustafa YM, Gad S. Niosomal formulation of mefenamic acid for enhanced cancer targeting; preparation, characterization and biodistribution study using radiolabeling technique. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2023; 149:18065-18080. [PMID: 37982828 PMCID: PMC10725351 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-023-05482-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This work aimed to prepare niosomal formulations of an anticancer agent [mefenamic acid (MEF)] to enhance its cancer targeting. 131I was utilized as a radiolabeling isotope to study the radio-kinetics of MEF niosomes. METHODS niosomal formulations were prepared by the ether injection method and assessed for entrapment efficiency (EE%), zeta potential (ZP), polydispersity index (PDI) and particle size (PS). MEF was labeled with 131I by direct electrophilic substitution reaction through optimization of radiolabeling-related parameters. In the radio-kinetic study, the optimal 131I-MEF niosomal formula was administered intravenously (I.V.) to solid tumor-bearing mice and compared to I.V. 131I-MEF solution as a control. RESULTS the average PS and ZP values of the optimal formulation were 247.23 ± 2.32 nm and - 28.3 ± 1.21, respectively. The highest 131I-MEF labeling yield was 98.7 ± 0.8%. The biodistribution study revealed that the highest tumor uptake of 131I-MEF niosomal formula and 131I-MEF solution at 60 min post-injection were 2.73 and 1.94% ID/g, respectively. CONCLUSION MEF-loaded niosomes could be a hopeful candidate in cancer treatment due to their potent tumor uptake. Such high targeting was attributed to passive targeting of the nanosized niosomes and confirmed by radiokinetic evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona A Shewaiter
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sinai University, Kantara, Egypt
| | - Adli A Selim
- Labeled Compounds Department, Hot Laboratories Center, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hassan M Rashed
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sinai University, Kantara, Egypt.
- Labeled Compounds Department, Hot Laboratories Center, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Yasser M Moustafa
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Shadeed Gad
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt.
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Lee W, Mun Y, Lee KY, Park JM, Chang TS, Choi YJ, Lee BH. Mefenamic Acid-Upregulated Nrf2/SQSTM1 Protects Hepatocytes against Oxidative Stress-Induced Cell Damage. TOXICS 2023; 11:735. [PMID: 37755745 PMCID: PMC10536671 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11090735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
Mefenamic acid (MFA) is a commonly prescribed non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) with anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties. MFA is known to have potent antioxidant properties and a neuroprotective effect against oxidative stress. However, its impact on the liver is unclear. This study aimed to elucidate the antioxidative effects of MFA and their underlying mechanisms. We observed that MFA treatment upregulated the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) pathway. Treatment with various anthranilic acid derivative-class NSAIDs, including MFA, increased the expression of sequestosome 1 (SQSTM1) in HepG2 cells. MFA disrupted the interaction between Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1) and Nrf2, activating the Nrf2 signaling pathway. SQTM1 knockdown experiments revealed that the effect of MFA on the Nrf2 pathway was masked in the absence of SQSTM1. To assess the cytoprotective effect of MFA, we employed tert-Butyl hydroperoxide (tBHP) as a ROS inducer. Notably, MFA exhibited a protective effect against tBHP-induced cytotoxicity in HepG2 cells. This cytoprotective effect was abolished when SQSTM1 was knocked down, suggesting the involvement of SQSTM1 in mediating the protective effect of MFA against tBHP-induced toxicity. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that MFA exhibits cytoprotective effects by upregulating SQSTM1 and activating the Nrf2 pathway. These findings improve our understanding of the pharmacological actions of MFA and highlight its potential as a therapeutic agent for oxidative stress-related conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - You-Jin Choi
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea; (W.L.); (Y.M.); (K.-Y.L.); (J.-M.P.); (T.-S.C.)
| | - Byung-Hoon Lee
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea; (W.L.); (Y.M.); (K.-Y.L.); (J.-M.P.); (T.-S.C.)
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Mangione W, Falls Z, Samudrala R. Effective holistic characterization of small molecule effects using heterogeneous biological networks. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1113007. [PMID: 37180722 PMCID: PMC10169664 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1113007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The two most common reasons for attrition in therapeutic clinical trials are efficacy and safety. We integrated heterogeneous data to create a human interactome network to comprehensively describe drug behavior in biological systems, with the goal of accurate therapeutic candidate generation. The Computational Analysis of Novel Drug Opportunities (CANDO) platform for shotgun multiscale therapeutic discovery, repurposing, and design was enhanced by integrating drug side effects, protein pathways, protein-protein interactions, protein-disease associations, and the Gene Ontology, and complemented with its existing drug/compound, protein, and indication libraries. These integrated networks were reduced to a "multiscale interactomic signature" for each compound that describe its functional behavior as vectors of real values. These signatures are then used for relating compounds to each other with the hypothesis that similar signatures yield similar behavior. Our results indicated that there is significant biological information captured within our networks (particularly via side effects) which enhance the performance of our platform, as evaluated by performing all-against-all leave-one-out drug-indication association benchmarking as well as generating novel drug candidates for colon cancer and migraine disorders corroborated via literature search. Further, drug impacts on pathways derived from computed compound-protein interaction scores served as the features for a random forest machine learning model trained to predict drug-indication associations, with applications to mental disorders and cancer metastasis highlighted. This interactomic pipeline highlights the ability of Computational Analysis of Novel Drug Opportunities to accurately relate drugs in a multitarget and multiscale context, particularly for generating putative drug candidates using the information gleaned from indirect data such as side effect profiles and protein pathway information.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ram Samudrala
- Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Department of Biomedical Informatics, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States
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Seyyedi R, Talebpour Amiri F, Farzipour S, Mihandoust E, Hosseinimehr SJ. Mefenamic acid as a promising therapeutic medicine against colon cancer in tumor-bearing mice. Med Oncol 2022; 39:18. [PMID: 34982268 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-021-01618-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/20/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Although radiotherapy is an effective strategy for cancer treatment, tumor resistance to ionizing radiation (IR) and its toxic effects on normal tissues are limiting its use. The aim of this study is to evaluate the anti-cancer effects of mefenamic acid (MEF), as an approved medicine, and its combination with IR against colon tumor cells in mice. Tumor-bearing mice were received MEF at a dose of 25 mg/kg for 6 successive days. The tumor size was measured. In the second experiment, after MEF treatment, tumor-bearing mice locally received an X-ray at dose 6 Gy. Tumor growth and biochemical, histological, and immunohistological assay (caspase-3) were performed. MEF significantly decreased tumor size in mice in comparison to the control group. IR and/or MEF treatment significantly reduced the tumor volume and inhibited tumor growth by 49%, 55%, and 67% by MEF, IR, and MEF + IR groups as compared with the control group. Administration of MEF in combination with radiation had a synergistic effect on enhanced histopathological changes in tumor tissues. MEF treatment in IR exposure mice showed a significant increase in the immunoreactivity of caspase-3 in the colon tumor tissue. MEF has an anti-tumor effect in colon tumor-bearing mice. MEF in combination with IR increased pathological changes and apoptosis in tumor tissues, suggesting that MEF might be clinically useful in the treatment of colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Seyyedi
- Department of Radiopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Fereshteh Talebpour Amiri
- Department of Anatomy, Molecular and Cell Biology Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Soghra Farzipour
- Department of Radiopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Ehsan Mihandoust
- Department of Radiotherapy, Imam Hospital, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Seyed Jalal Hosseinimehr
- Department of Radiopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
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Allahgholipour SZ, Farzipour S, Ghasemi A, Asgarian-Omran H, Hosseinimehr SJ. The Radiosensitizing Effect of Olanzapine as an Antipsychotic Medication in Glioblastoma Cell. Curr Radiopharm 2021; 15:50-55. [PMID: 33494694 DOI: 10.2174/1874471014666210120100448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Revised: 11/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Radiotherapy is used as one of the most effective regimens for cancer treatment, while radioresistance is a major drawback in cancer treatment. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to evaluate the sensitizing effect of olanzapine (OLA) with X-ray on glioblastoma (U-87 MG) cells death. METHODS The synergistic killing effect of OLA with ionizing radiation (IR) on glioma was evaluated by colony formation assay. The generations of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and protein carbonyl (PC) as oxidized protein were determined in OLA and irradiated cells. RESULTS The results of this study showed that OLA reduced the number of colonies in irradiated glioma cells. OLA elevated ROS and PC levels in irradiated cells. The synergistic killing effect of OLA with IR in U-87 MG cell was observed at concentrations 1 µM and 20 µM of OLA. The maximum radiosensitizing effect of OLA was observed at concentration of 20 µM. CONCLUSION The present study demonstrates that OLA has radiosensitizing effect on cell death induced by IR in glioma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyedeh Zahra Allahgholipour
- Department of Radiopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari. Iran
| | - Soghra Farzipour
- Department of Radiopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari. Iran
| | - Arash Ghasemi
- Department of Radiology and Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari. Iran
| | - Hossein Asgarian-Omran
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari. Iran
| | - Seyed Jalal Hosseinimehr
- Department of Radiopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari. Iran
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Fluoxetine as an antidepressant medicine improves the effects of ionizing radiation for the treatment of glioma. J Bioenerg Biomembr 2020; 52:165-174. [PMID: 32405794 DOI: 10.1007/s10863-020-09833-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Radiotherapy is a cancer treatment protocol which delivers high dose of ionizing radiation (IR) to tumor. Tumor resistance and side effects induced by IR still are the major challenges in radiotherapy. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the synergistic killing effect of fluoxetine (FL) with IR on glioma cancer cell (U-87 MG), as well as radioprotective effect of FL against cellular toxicity induced by IR on non-malignant human fibroblast cell (HFFF2). Firstly, the inhibitory effects of FL on cell proliferations were evaluated in U-87 MG and HFFF2 cells. The clonogenic and MTT assays were used to evaluate the radiosensitivity and radioprotective effects of FL on cancer and non-malignant cells. The frequencies of apoptotic cells were evaluated by flow cytometry on both cancer and normal cells. Results showed that FL exhibited anti-cancer effect on glioma cells, while cellular toxicity was low in HFFF2 cells treated with FL. FL decreased the viable colonies and enhanced apoptotic cells when U-87 cells were treated with FL prior irradiation. For comparison, FL exhibited radioprotective effect through increasing cellular proliferation rate and reducing apoptosis in HFFF2 cells against IR. The results showed that FL enhanced the IR-induced glioma cancer cell death and apoptosis, whereas it exhibited a radioprotective effect on normal fibroblast cells suggesting that FL administration may improve glioma radiotherapy.
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Wang H, Ma Y, Lin Y, Chen R, Xu B, Deng J. SHU00238 Promotes Colorectal Cancer Cell Apoptosis Through miR-4701-3p and miR-4793-3p. Front Genet 2020; 10:1320. [PMID: 31998373 PMCID: PMC6965150 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2019.01320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is one of the most leading causes of death. Searching for new therapeutic targets for colorectal cancer is urgently needed. SHU00238, an isoxazole derivative, was reported to suppress colorectal tumor growth through microRNAs. But the underlying mechanisms still remain unknown. Here, we explored the mechanism of SHU00238 on colorectal cancer by RT-PCR, CCK-8, flow cytometry, mirTarBase, and GO enrichment analysis. We screened partial microRNAs regulated by SHU00238 in colorectal cancer cells. Furthermore, we identified that miR-4701-3p and miR-4793-3p can reverse the acceleration of SHU00238 on colorectal cancer cell apoptosis in HCT116 Cells. Finally, we found that SMARCA5, MBD3, VPS53, EHD4 are estimated to mediate the regulation of miR-4701-3p and miR-4793-3p on colorectal cancer cell apoptosis, which targets ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling pathway and endocytic recycling pathway. Taken together, our study reveals that SHU00238 promotes colorectal cancer cell apoptosis through miR-4701-3p and miR-4793-3p, which provide a potential drug target and therapeutic strategy for colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoyu Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Qianweichang College, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China.,School of Life Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yurui Ma
- School of Life Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yifan Lin
- Department of Chemistry, Qianweichang College, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Rui Chen
- School of Life Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bin Xu
- Department of Chemistry, Qianweichang College, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China.,Innovative Drug Research Center, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiali Deng
- School of Life Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
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Elangovan P, Jalaludeen AM, Ramakrishnan R, Amutha K, Pari L. In-vivo and In-vitro Antioxidant Activity of Troxerutin on Nickel Induced Toxicity in Experimental Rats. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL RESEARCH : IJPR 2020; 19:89-97. [PMID: 33224214 PMCID: PMC7667551 DOI: 10.22037/ijpr.2020.15487.13126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of troxerutin (TXN) on Nickel (Ni) toxicity by using rats and in-vitro model. Ni toxicity induced in male albino wistar rats (20 mg/kg body weight (b.w) was administered orally for 20 days). TXN was administered orally (100 mg/kg (b.w) for 20 days with administration of Ni. The toxic effect of Ni and the action of TXN was measure by determining the lipid peroxidation markers and antioxidant levels in plasma and various in-vitro antioxidant systems. TXN exhibited a significant (p < 0.05) antioxidant activity in Ni induced toxicity by reversing the changes observed in TBARS, HP, Vitamin C, E and GSH. The free radical scavenging properties of TXN at different concentrations (10-50ug/mL) were investigated with various in-vitro methods such as 2, 2'-diphenyl-1- picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH), 2, 2'-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) radical (ABTS•+), hydroxyl radical, superoxide anion scavenging activity and reducing power. Among the different concentrations, 50 μg/mL of TXN was more effective compared to other concentrations in all in-vitro assays. The above study conclude that TXN possesses potent in-vivo and in-vitro antioxidant activity with effective free radical scavenger for potential therapeutic value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Perumal Elangovan
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar – 608002, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Abdulkadhar Mohamed Jalaludeen
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar – 608002, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Ramalingam Ramakrishnan
- Department of Biochemistry, St. Joseph’s College of Arts & Science (Autonomous), Cuddalore 607001, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Kasinathan Amutha
- Department of Biochemistry, Sri Sankara Arts & Science College, Enathur, Kancheepuram,Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Leelavinothan Pari
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar – 608002, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Ma Y, Wang J, Wang C, Zhang Q, Xu Y, Liu H, Xiang X, Ma J. DPP-4 inhibitor anagliptin protects against hypoxia-induced cytotoxicity in cardiac H9C2 cells. ARTIFICIAL CELLS NANOMEDICINE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2019; 47:3823-3831. [PMID: 31556325 DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2019.1652624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yunxiang Ma
- Southern Medical University Affiliated Fengxian Hospital, Shanghai, Shanghai, P.R. China
- Tengzhou Central People's Hospital, Tengzhou, Shandong Province, P.R. China
| | - Junkai Wang
- Tengzhou Central People's Hospital, Tengzhou, Shandong Province, P.R. China
| | - Changhua Wang
- Tengzhou Central People's Hospital, Tengzhou, Shandong Province, P.R. China
| | - Qiong Zhang
- Southern Medical University Affiliated Fengxian Hospital, Shanghai, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Yannan Xu
- Southern Medical University Affiliated Fengxian Hospital, Shanghai, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Huajin Liu
- Southern Medical University Affiliated Fengxian Hospital, Shanghai, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Xia Xiang
- Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Jiangwei Ma
- Southern Medical University Affiliated Fengxian Hospital, Shanghai, Shanghai, P.R. China
- Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai, P.R. China
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