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Xu J, Du J, Zhong Y, Zhang H, Zhou L, Yao Q. Blockage of CD72 reduces B cell proliferation in immune thrombocytopenic purpura, involving interleukin 1 and macrophage migration inhibitory factor secretion. Hematology 2022; 27:1196-1203. [DOI: 10.1080/16078454.2022.2140992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jianhui Xu
- Hematology Department, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jingwen Du
- Hematology Department, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuxia Zhong
- Hematology Department, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Honghao Zhang
- Hematology Department, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lijuan Zhou
- Hematology Department, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qianqian Yao
- Hematology Department, Shunde Hospital of Sourthern Medical University, Foshan, People’s Republic of China
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Behzad MM, Asnafi AA, Jaseb K, Jalali Far MA, Saki N. Expression of CD markers' in immune thrombocytopenic purpura: prognostic approaches. APMIS 2017; 125:1042-1055. [PMID: 28960510 DOI: 10.1111/apm.12755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2017] [Accepted: 07/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura (ITP) is a common autoimmune bleeding disorder characterized by a reduction in peripheral blood platelet counts. In this disease, autoantibodies (Auto-Abs) are produced against platelet GPIIb/GPIIIa by B cells, which require interaction with T cells. In this review, the importance of B and T lymphocytes in ITP prognosis has been studied. Relevant literature was identified by a PubMed search (1990-2016) of English-language papers using the terms B and T lymphocyte, platelet, CD markers and immune thrombocytopenic purpura. T and B lymphocytes are the main immune cells in the body. Defective function causes disrupted balance of different subgroups of lymphocytes, and abnormal expression of surface markers of these cells results in self-tolerance dysfunction, as well as induction of Auto-Abs against platelet glycoproteins (PG). Given the role of B and T cells in production of autoantibodies against PG, it can be stated that the detection of changes in CD markers' expression in these cells can be a good approach for assessing prognosis in ITP patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masumeh Maleki Behzad
- Research Center of Thalassemia & Hemoglobinopathy, Health research institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Ali Amin Asnafi
- Research Center of Thalassemia & Hemoglobinopathy, Health research institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Kaveh Jaseb
- Research Center of Thalassemia & Hemoglobinopathy, Health research institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ali Jalali Far
- Research Center of Thalassemia & Hemoglobinopathy, Health research institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Najmaldin Saki
- Research Center of Thalassemia & Hemoglobinopathy, Health research institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
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Lyu M, Hao Y, Li Y, Lyu C, Liu W, Li H, Xue F, Liu X, Yang R. Upregulation of CD72 expression on CD19+CD27+memory B cells by CD40L in primary immune thrombocytopenia. Br J Haematol 2017; 178:308-318. [PMID: 28419421 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.14671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2016] [Accepted: 01/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mingen Lyu
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Haematology; Institute of Haematology and Blood Disease Hospital; Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College; Tianjin China
- Department of Haematology; Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (Suzhou Municipal Hospital); Suzhou China
| | - Yating Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Haematology; Institute of Haematology and Blood Disease Hospital; Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College; Tianjin China
| | - Yang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Haematology; Institute of Haematology and Blood Disease Hospital; Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College; Tianjin China
| | - Cuicui Lyu
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Haematology; Institute of Haematology and Blood Disease Hospital; Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College; Tianjin China
| | - Wenjie Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Haematology; Institute of Haematology and Blood Disease Hospital; Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College; Tianjin China
| | - Huiyuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Haematology; Institute of Haematology and Blood Disease Hospital; Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College; Tianjin China
| | - Feng Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Haematology; Institute of Haematology and Blood Disease Hospital; Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College; Tianjin China
| | - Xiaofan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Haematology; Institute of Haematology and Blood Disease Hospital; Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College; Tianjin China
| | - Renchi Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Haematology; Institute of Haematology and Blood Disease Hospital; Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College; Tianjin China
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Tsubata T. [CD22 and CD72 are inhibitory receptors dominantly expressed in B lymphocytes and regulate systemic autoimmune diseases. German version]. Z Rheumatol 2016; 75:86-9. [PMID: 26830296 DOI: 10.1007/s00393-015-0038-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- T Tsubata
- Department of Immunology, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, 113-8510, Bunkyo-ku, Tokio, Japan.
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CD22 and CD72 are inhibitory receptors dominantly expressed in B lymphocytes and regulate systemic autoimmune diseases : English version. Z Rheumatol 2016; 76:10-13. [PMID: 26883820 DOI: 10.1007/s00393-015-1577-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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Clinical and laboratory predictors of chronic immune thrombocytopenia in children: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Blood 2014; 124:3295-307. [PMID: 25305206 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2014-04-570127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Childhood immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is a rare autoimmune bleeding disorder. Most children recover within 6 to 12 months, but individual course is difficult to predict. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to identify predictors of chronic ITP. We found 1399 articles; after critical appraisal, 54 studies were included. The following predictors of chronic ITP in children, assessed in at least 3 studies, have been identified: female gender (odds ratio [OR] 1.17, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.04-1.31), older age at presentation (age ≥11 years; OR 2.47, 95% CI 1.94-3.15), no preceding infection or vaccination (OR 3.08, 95 CI 2.19-4.32), insidious onset (OR 11.27, 95% CI 6.27-20.27), higher platelet counts at presentation (≥20 × 10(9)/L: OR 2.15, 95% CI 1.63-2.83), presence of antinuclear antibodies (OR 2.87, 95% 1.57-5.24), and treatment with a combination of methylprednisolone and intravenous immunoglobulin (OR 2.67, 95% CI 1.44-4.96). Children with mucosal bleeding at diagnosis or treatment with intravenous immunoglobulin alone developed chronic ITP less often (OR 0.39, 95% CI 0.28-0.54 and OR 0.71, 95% CI 0.52-0.97, respectively). The protective effect of intravenous immunoglobulin is remarkable and needs confirmation in prospective randomized trials as well as future laboratory studies to elucidate the mechanism of this effect.
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Alavi S, Aryan Z, Ghazizadeh F, Arabi N, Nikougoftar M, Ebadi M. The immunophenotype of bone marrow lymphocytes in children with immune thrombocytopenic purpura. Pediatr Hematol Oncol 2014; 31:548-54. [PMID: 25007136 DOI: 10.3109/08880018.2014.927944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Primary immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP), caused by immune system dysfunction, is recognized as the leading cause of thrombocytopenia in pediatric population. Nonetheless, inadequate studies have been performed on bone marrow immunophenotyping of children with ITP. In this study, we aimed to investigate the immunophenotype of bone marrow lymphocytes in these children. PATIENTS AND METHODS Between 2008 and 2012, 35 children with ITP and 26 age and sex matched healthy controls were recruited. All participants underwent bone marrow aspiration. Appropriate B-cell, T-cell, and myeloid lineage monoclonal antibodies were employed to determine the immunophenotype of these patients. RESULTS CD10, CD19, and CD20, all indicative of premature B-cell markers, were significantly greater in children with ITP. CD22, mainly expressed on mature B cells was slightly, but not significantly reduced in the patients' group (P = .42). On the other hand, T cell markers including CD2, CD3, CD5, and CD7 were underexpressed. CD33, a specific marker for myeloid lineage, was underexpressed in the patients' group (5.6 ± 4.7 vs. 12.9 ± 7.3, P < .001). Noteworthy, the immunophenotype did not significantly differ between acute and persistent cases. CONCLUSION Overall, a phenotype characterized by increased pre-B-cell markers along with decreased T cell immunophenotypic markers was observed in bone marrow lymphocytes of children with ITP in the present study. Further larger scale studies are recommended to confirm our findings, as precise mapping of the immunophenotype of lymphocytes in these patients would pave the road to improved diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samin Alavi
- Pediatric Congenital Hematologic Disorders Research Center, Mofid Children's Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran
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Ge J, Li H, Gu D, Du W, Xue F, Sui T, Xu J, Yang R. PTPN22-1123G > C polymorphism is associated with susceptibility to primary immune thrombocytopenia in Chinese population. Platelets 2012; 24:448-53. [DOI: 10.3109/09537104.2012.730646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Zhou H, Qi AP, Li HY, Ma L, Xu JH, Xue F, Lu SH, Zhao QJ, Zhou ZP, Yang RC. CD72 gene expression in immune thrombocytopenia. Platelets 2011; 23:638-44. [DOI: 10.3109/09537104.2011.633646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is a bleeding disorder in which both antibody and cell-mediated autoimmune responses are directed against an individual's own platelets and/or megakaryocytes, leading to either enhanced platelet destruction and/or reduced platelet production, respectively. The cause of this platelet-specific autoimmunity remains unknown, but there has been a constant stream of recent publications that suggest ITP is the result of T-cell dysregulation. RECENT FINDINGS In the last 18 months, a rich tapestry of studies has emerged that seems to clarify some immunopathologic issues in ITP while raising new questions related to ITP pathogenesis. The current view on the immunopathogenic mechanisms associated with ITP appears to particularly concentrate on how incompetent CD4+ T-regulatory cells (Tregs) allow autoimmune effector mechanisms to proceed and cause thrombocytopenia. There is a parallel body of recent literature focusing on molecular mimicry mechanisms, B-cell abnormalities, abnormal cytokine patterns and genetic studies in ITP. Of interest, one can recognize inter-relationships between these immune dysregulations. SUMMARY This article will discuss the literature from the past 18 months pertaining to these observations and will show that whereas many of the T-cell defects have been clarified, new questions have also come to light and more immunopathological research is warranted.
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Bergmann AK, Grace RF, Neufeld EJ. Genetic studies in pediatric ITP: outlook, feasibility, and requirements. Ann Hematol 2010; 89 Suppl 1:S95-103. [PMID: 20309691 DOI: 10.1007/s00277-009-0865-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2009] [Accepted: 11/11/2009] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The genomic revolution in medicine has not escaped attention of clinicians and scientists involved in medical management and research studies of immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP). In principle, ITP biology and care will benefit greatly from modern methods to understand the patterns of gene expression and genetic markers associated with fundamental parameters of the disease including predictors of remission, risk factors for severity, determinants of response to various therapies, and possibly biological sub-types. However, applying modern genetics to ITP carries severe challenges: (a) Achieving adequate sample sizes is a fundamental problem because ITP is rare (and in pediatric ITP, chronic cases constitute only about one fourth of the total); (b) familial transmission of childhood ITP is so rare that a convincing pedigree requires consideration of other immunologic or hematologic disorders; (iii) ITP is probably biologically heterogeneous, based on clinical observations, immunological studies, and animal models. Here we review the advantages and disadvantages of potential genetic approaches. Sufficient information is available to set reasonable bounds on which genetic analyses of ITP are feasible and how they are most likely to be accomplished. The highest priority is for accurate phenotypes to compare to genetic analyses. Several registries worldwide hold promise for accomplishing this goal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anke K Bergmann
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital Boston and Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Ave Karp 08210, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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Centromeric interval of chromosome 4 derived from C57BL/6 mice accelerates type 1 diabetes in NOD.CD72b congenic mice. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2009; 380:193-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2009.01.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2009] [Accepted: 01/13/2009] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Wu HJ, Bondada S. CD72, a coreceptor with both positive and negative effects on B lymphocyte development and function. J Clin Immunol 2008; 29:12-21. [PMID: 19067131 DOI: 10.1007/s10875-008-9264-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2008] [Accepted: 11/10/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION B lymphocytes remain in a resting state until activated by antigenic stimuli through interaction with the B cell receptor (BCR). Coreceptors on B cells can modulate the thresholds for signaling through the BCR for growth and differentiation. CD72 is a B cell coreceptor that has been shown to interact with CD100, a semaphorin, and to enhance BCR signaling. DISCUSSION CD72 ligation induces a variety of early signaling events such as activation of the Src kinases Blk and Lyn and the non-src kinase Btk leading to activation of the mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinases, events usually associated with positive signaling. CD72 signals can enable Btk-deficient B cells to overcome their unresponsiveness to BCR signaling. On the other hand, BCR-mediated signals are enhanced in CD72-deficient cells but are reduced in CD100 null cells. The dual effects of CD72 on B cells can be explained by its association with positive and negative signaling molecules. Thus, CD72 interacts with SHP-1, an SH2-domain containing protein tyrosine phosphatase, a negative regulator of signaling, and Grb2, an adaptor protein associated with the Ras/MAPK pathway. Ligation of CD72 also triggered its association with CD19, a positive modulator of B cell receptor signaling. We propose a dual signaling hypothesis to explain the growth and differentiation promoting properties of CD72. Deficiency in either CD72 or CD100 leads to autoimmunity in mouse models. CD72 expression and polymorphisms exhibit some association with autoimmune diseases such as lupus, Sjogren's syndrome, and type 1 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsin-Jung Wu
- Section on Immunology and Immunogenetics, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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