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Rashed A, van Herk WG. Pest Elaterids of North America: New Insights and Opportunities for Management. ANNUAL REVIEW OF ENTOMOLOGY 2024; 69:1-20. [PMID: 37562049 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-ento-120220-123249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
The larval stages of click beetle (Coleoptera: Elateridae) species, several of which are serious agricultural pests, are called wireworms. Their cryptic subterranean habitat, resilience, among-species differences in ecology and biology, and broad host range, as well as the lack of objective economic injury thresholds, have rendered wireworms a challenging pest complex to control. Significant progress has been made in recent years, introducing a new effective class of insecticides and improving species identification and our understanding of species-specific phenology, chemical ecology (i.e., adult sex pheromones and larval olfactory cues), and abiotic and biotic factors influencing the efficacy of biological control agents. These new developments have created opportunities for further research into improving our risk assessment, monitoring, and integrated pest management capabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arash Rashed
- Department of Entomology, Southern Piedmont Agricultural Research and Extension Center, Virginia Tech, Blackstone, Virginia, USA;
| | - Willem G van Herk
- Agassiz Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Agassiz, British Columbia, Canada;
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2
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Laupheimer S, Kurzweil L, Proels R, Unsicker SB, Stark TD, Dawid C, Hückelhoven R. Volatile-mediated signalling in barley induces metabolic reprogramming and resistance against the biotrophic fungus Blumeria hordei. PLANT BIOLOGY (STUTTGART, GERMANY) 2023; 25:72-84. [PMID: 36377298 DOI: 10.1111/plb.13487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Plants have evolved diverse secondary metabolites to counteract biotic stress. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are released upon herbivore attack or pathogen infection. Recent studies suggest that VOCs can act as signalling molecules in plant defence and induce resistance in distant organs and neighbouring plants. However, knowledge is lacking on the function of VOCs in biotrophic fungal infection on cereal plants. We analysed VOCs emitted by 13 ± 1-day-old barley plants (Hordeum vulgare L.) after mechanical wounding using passive absorbers and TD-GC/MS. We investigated the effect of pure VOC and complex VOC mixtures released from wounded plants on the barley-powdery mildew interaction by pre-exposure in a dynamic headspace connected to a powdery mildew susceptibility assay. Untargeted metabolomics and lipidomics were applied to investigate metabolic changes in sender and receiver barley plants. Green leaf volatiles (GLVs) dominated the volatile profile of wounded barley plants, with (Z)-3-hexenyl acetate (Z3HAC) as the most abundant compound. Barley volatiles emitted after mechanical wounding enhanced resistance in receiver plants towards fungal infection. We found volatile-mediated modifications of the plant-pathogen interaction in a concentration-dependent manner. Pre-exposure with physiologically relevant concentrations of Z3HAC resulted in induced resistance, suggesting that this GLV is a key player in barley anti-pathogen defence. The complex VOC mixture released from wounded barley and Z3HAC induced e.g. accumulation of chlorophyll, linolenic acid and linolenate-conjugated lipids, as well as defence-related secondary metabolites, such as hordatines in receiving plants. Barley VOCs hence induce a complex physiological response and disease resistance in receiver plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Laupheimer
- Chair of Phytopathology, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - L Kurzweil
- Chair of Food Chemistry and Molecular Sensory Science, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - R Proels
- Chair of Phytopathology, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - S B Unsicker
- Department of Biochemistry, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology (MPI-CE), Jena, Germany
| | - T D Stark
- Chair of Food Chemistry and Molecular Sensory Science, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - C Dawid
- Chair of Food Chemistry and Molecular Sensory Science, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - R Hückelhoven
- Chair of Phytopathology, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
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Nikoukar A, Rashed A. Integrated Pest Management of Wireworms (Coleoptera: Elateridae) and the Rhizosphere in Agroecosystems. INSECTS 2022; 13:769. [PMID: 36135470 PMCID: PMC9501627 DOI: 10.3390/insects13090769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The rhizosphere is where plant roots, physical soil, and subterranean organisms interact to contribute to soil fertility and plant growth. In agroecosystems, the nature of the ecological interactions within the rhizosphere is highly dynamic due to constant disruptions from agricultural practices. The concept of integrated pest management (IPM) was developed in order to promote an approach which is complementary to the environment and non-target organisms, including natural enemies, by reducing the sole reliance on synthetic pesticides to control pests. However, some of the implemented integrated cultural and biological control practices may impact the rhizosphere, especially when targeting subterranean pests. Wireworms, the larval stage of click beetles (Coleoptera: Elateridae), are generalist herbivores and a voracious group of pests that are difficult to control. This paper introduces some existing challenges in wireworm IPM, and discusses the potential impacts of various control methods on the rhizosphere. The awareness of the potential implications of different pest management approaches on the rhizosphere will assist in decision-making and the selection of the control tactics with the least long-term adverse effects on the rhizosphere.
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Khang PV, Thuong SD, Nhuong VV, Shen S, Ma L. Two New Polycyclic Compounds and Cytotoxic Activities of Ethanol and Ethyl Acetate Extract of Leaves of Capparis dongvanensis (Sy.) and Their Chemotaxonomic Significance. Polycycl Aromat Compd 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/10406638.2020.1871383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pham Van Khang
- Thainguyen University of Education, Thai Nguyen University, Thai Nguyen, Vietnam
| | - Sy Danh Thuong
- Thainguyen University of Education, Thai Nguyen University, Thai Nguyen, Vietnam
| | - Vu Van Nhuong
- Thainguyen University of Education, Thai Nguyen University, Thai Nguyen, Vietnam
| | - Sida Shen
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Lei Ma
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, PR China
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Maurya AK, Pazouki L, Frost CJ. Priming Seeds with Indole and (Z)-3-Hexenyl Acetate Enhances Resistance Against Herbivores and Stimulates Growth. J Chem Ecol 2022; 48:441-454. [PMID: 35394556 DOI: 10.1007/s10886-022-01359-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A striking feature of plant ecology is the ability of plants to detect and respond to environmental cues such as herbivore-induced plant volatiles (HIPVs) by priming or directly activating defenses against future herbivores. However, whether seeds also respond to compounds that are common constituents of HIPV blends and initiate future plant resistance is unknown. Considering that seeds depend on other environmental cues to determine basic survival traits such as germination timing, we predicted that seeds exposed to synthetic constituents of HIPV blends would generate well-defended plants. We investigated the effect of seed exposure to common volatiles on growth, reproduction, and resistance characteristics in the model plants Arabidopsis thaliana and Medicago truncatula using herbivores from two feeding guilds. After seed scarification and vernalization, we treated seeds with one of seven different plant-derived volatile compounds for 24 h. Seeds were then germinated and the resulting plants were assayed for growth, herbivore resistance, and expression of inducible defense genes. Of all the synthetic volatiles tested, indole specifically reduced both beet armyworm growth on A. thaliana and pea aphid fecundity on M. truncatula. The induction of defense genes was not affected by seed exposure to indole in either plant species, indicating that activation of direct resistance rather than inducible resistance is the mechanism by which seed priming operates. Moreover, neither plant species showed any negative effect of seed exposure to any synthetic volatile on vegetative and reproductive growth. Rather, M. truncatula plants derived from seeds exposed to (Z)-3-hexanol and (Z)-3-hexenyl acetate grew larger compared to controls. Our results indicate that seeds are sensitive to specific volatiles in ways that enhance resistance profiles with no apparent costs in terms of growth. Seed priming by HIPVs may represent a novel ecological mechanism of plant-to-plant interactions, with broad potential applications in agriculture and seed conservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhinav K Maurya
- Department of Biology, University of Louisville, 40292, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Leila Pazouki
- Department of Biology, University of Louisville, 40292, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Christopher J Frost
- Department of Biology, University of Louisville, 40292, Louisville, KY, USA. .,BIO5 Institute, University of Arizona, 85721, Tucson, AZ, USA.
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Sharifi R, Jeon JS, Ryu CM. Belowground plant-microbe communications via volatile compounds. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2022; 73:463-486. [PMID: 34727189 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erab465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Volatile compounds play important roles in rhizosphere biological communications and interactions. The emission of plant and microbial volatiles is a dynamic phenomenon that is affected by several endogenous and exogenous signals. Diffusion of volatiles can be limited by their adsorption, degradation, and dissolution under specific environmental conditions. Therefore, rhizosphere volatiles need to be investigated on a micro and spatiotemporal scale. Plant and microbial volatiles can expand and specialize the rhizobacterial niche not only by improving the root system architecture such that it serves as a nutrient-rich shelter, but also by inhibiting or promoting the growth, chemotaxis, survival, and robustness of neighboring organisms. Root volatiles play an important role in engineering the belowground microbiome by shaping the microbial community structure and recruiting beneficial microbes. Microbial volatiles are appropriate candidates for improving plant growth and health during environmental challenges and climate change. However, some technical and experimental challenges limit the non-destructive monitoring of volatile emissions in the rhizosphere in real-time. In this review, we attempt to clarify the volatile-mediated intra- and inter-kingdom communications in the rhizosphere, and propose improvements in experimental design for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rouhallah Sharifi
- Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Je-Seung Jeon
- Molecular Phytobacteriology Laboratory, Infectious Disease Research Center, KRIBB, Daejeon 34141, South Korea
| | - Choong-Min Ryu
- Molecular Phytobacteriology Laboratory, Infectious Disease Research Center, KRIBB, Daejeon 34141, South Korea
- Biosystem and Bioengineering Program, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34141, South Korea
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Grass-like plants release general volatile cues attractive for gravid Anopheles gambiae sensu stricto mosquitoes. Parasit Vectors 2021; 14:552. [PMID: 34706760 PMCID: PMC8554987 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-021-04939-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Understanding the ecology and behaviour of disease vectors, including the olfactory cues used to orient and select hosts and egg-laying sites, are essential for the development of novel, insecticide-free control tools. Selected graminoid plants have been shown to release volatile chemicals attracting malaria vectors; however, whether the attraction is selective to individual plants or more general across genera and families is still unclear. Methods To contribute to the current evidence, we implemented bioassays in two-port airflow olfactometers and in large field cages with four live graminoid plant species commonly found associated with malaria vector breeding sites in western Kenya: Cyperus rotundus and C. exaltatus of the Cyperaceae family, and Panicum repens and Cynodon dactylon of the Poaceae family. Additionally, we tested one Poaceae species, Cenchrus setaceus, not usually associated with water. The volatile compounds released in the headspace of the plants were identified using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Results All five plants attracted gravid vectors, with the odds of a mosquito orienting towards the choice-chamber with the plant in an olfactometer being 2–5 times higher than when no plant was present. This attraction was maintained when tested with free-flying mosquitoes over a longer distance in large field cages, though at lower strength, with the odds of attracting a female 1.5–2.5 times higher when live plants were present than when only water was present in the trap. Cyperus rotundus, previously implicated in connection with an oviposition attractant, consistently elicited the strongest response from gravid vectors. Volatiles regularly detected were limonene, β-pinene, β-elemene and β-caryophyllene, among other common plant compounds previously described in association with odour-orientation of gravid and unfed malaria vectors. Conclusions The present study confirms that gravid Anopheles gambiae sensu stricto use chemical cues released from graminoid plants to orientate. These cues are released from a variety of graminoid plant species in both the Cyperaceae and Poaceae family. Given the general nature of these cues, it appears unlikely that they are exclusively used for the location of suitable oviposition sites. The utilization of these chemical cues for attract-and-kill trapping strategies must be explored under natural conditions to investigate their efficiency when in competition with complex interacting natural cues. Graphical abstract ![]()
Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13071-021-04939-4.
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Yu H, Blande JD. Diurnal variation in BVOC emission and CO 2 gas exchange from above- and belowground parts of two coniferous species and their responses to elevated O 3. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 278:116830. [PMID: 33725535 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.116830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Revised: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Increased tropospheric ozone (O3) concentrations in boreal forests affect the emission of biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs), which play crucial roles in biosphere-atmosphere feedbacks. Although it has been well documented that BVOC emissions are altered in response to elevated O3, consequent effects on the carbon budget have been largely unexplored. Here, we studied the effects of elevated O3 (80 nmol mol-1) on diurnal variation of BVOC emissions and gas exchange of CO2 from above- and belowground parts of Norway spruce (Picea abies) and Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) and further investigated effects on the carbon budget. In spring, elevated O3 decreased BVOC emissions and net photosynthesis rate (Pn) from above-ground parts of both species. As BVOC emissions have a causal relationship with dormancy recovery, O3-induced decreases in BVOC emissions indicated the inhibition of dormancy recovery. Contrary to the spring results, in summer BVOC emissions from aboveground parts were increased in response to elevated O3 in both species. Decreases in Pn indicated O3 stress. O3-induced monoterpene emissions from aboveground were the main volatile defense response. Elevated O3 had little effect on BVOC emissions from belowground parts of either species in spring or summer. In spring, elevated O3 decreased the proportion of carbon emitted as BVOCs relative to that assimilated by photosynthesis (the proportion of BVOC-C loss) at the soil-plant system levels in both species. In summer, elevated O3 resulted in a net CO2-C loss at the soil-plant system level of Scots pine. During this process, O3-induced BVOC-C loss can represent a significant fraction of carbon exchange between the atmosphere and Scots pine. In Norway spruce, the effects of O3 were less pronounced. The current results highlight the need for prediction of BVOC emissions and their contributions to the carbon budget in boreal forests under O3 stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Yu
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, P. O. Box 1672, 70211, Kuopio, Finland.
| | - James D Blande
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, P. O. Box 1672, 70211, Kuopio, Finland
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Tuersuntuoheti T, Wang Z, Zhang M, Asimi S, Liang S, Wang Z, Ren X, Sohail A. Changes of microbial diversity and volatile compounds in edible and deteriorated Qingke barley fresh noodles stored at 25 °C. Int J Food Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.14736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tuohetisayipu Tuersuntuoheti
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health Beijing Technology and Business University Beijing100048China
- Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives Beijing Technology and Business University Beijing100048China
| | - Zhenhua Wang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health Beijing Technology and Business University Beijing100048China
- Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives Beijing Technology and Business University Beijing100048China
| | - Min Zhang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health Beijing Technology and Business University Beijing100048China
- Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives Beijing Technology and Business University Beijing100048China
| | - Sailimuhan Asimi
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health Beijing Technology and Business University Beijing100048China
- Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives Beijing Technology and Business University Beijing100048China
| | - Shan Liang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health Beijing Technology and Business University Beijing100048China
- Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives Beijing Technology and Business University Beijing100048China
| | - Ziyuan Wang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health Beijing Technology and Business University Beijing100048China
- Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives Beijing Technology and Business University Beijing100048China
| | - Xin Ren
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health Beijing Technology and Business University Beijing100048China
- Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives Beijing Technology and Business University Beijing100048China
| | - Amjad Sohail
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health Beijing Technology and Business University Beijing100048China
- Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives Beijing Technology and Business University Beijing100048China
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Martin C, Minchilli D, Francis F, Verheggen F. Behavioral and Electrophysiological Responses of the Fringed Larder Beetle Dermestes frischii to the Smell of a Cadaver at Different Decomposition Stages. INSECTS 2020; 11:insects11040238. [PMID: 32290328 PMCID: PMC7240428 DOI: 10.3390/insects11040238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Revised: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A cadaver is colonized by a wide diversity of necrophagous insects. It is well documented that Dipterans are attracted by the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) released by a corpse during the first minutes following death. Coleopterans are known to be attracted by highly decomposed cadavers, but have received less attention regarding the olfaction-based mechanisms underlying these interactions. In the present study, we impregnated gauzes with VOCs collected from each decomposition stage of dead rats: fresh, bloated, active, and advanced decay. We collected the VOCs released by the gauze and confirmed what was previously know from the literature: the decomposition stages are associated with contrasting chemical profiles. We exposed Dermestes frischii Kugelann (Coleoptera: Dermestidae) male and female antennae to the same gauzes and found that stronger electrical responses were recorded when using the smell of the advanced decay stage. Finally, we performed two choices behavioral assays. Females showed no preference for the four decomposition stages, while males were attracted by the smell associated with active and advanced decay stages. These results suggest that specific VOCs released by a decaying body guide necrophagous coleopterans to their feeding site. Whether D. frischii males release pheromones to attract females remains to be tested.
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Raza W, Shen Q. Volatile organic compounds mediated plant-microbe interactions in soil. MOLECULAR ASPECTS OF PLANT BENEFICIAL MICROBES IN AGRICULTURE 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-818469-1.00018-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
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Mazian B, Cariou S, Chaignaud M, Fanlo JL, Fauconnier ML, Bergeret A, Malhautier L. Evolution of temporal dynamic of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and odors of hemp stem during field retting. PLANTA 2019; 250:1983-1996. [PMID: 31529396 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-019-03280-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
New non-destructive approach to evaluate the retting process was investigated. Increase of retting duration led to a decrease of VOCs emitted by plants and change of color and plant odor. The variation of VOCs and odor could be used as indicators for the degree of retting. In the hemp industry, retting is an upstream bioprocessing applied to the plants to facilitate the decortication of fibres from the central woody part of the stem. This treatment is currently carried out in an empirical way on the ground which leads to variability in the hemp stems quality, and thus to the hemp fibres quality. Therefore, controlling retting treatment is a crucial step for high-performance hemp fibre. In this study, a new approach is used to assess the retting degree by following the evolution of VOCs emitted by plants during different retting durations. Either harvest time or retting induces a change in VOCs released by plants. During plant maturity, volatile compounds emitted decreased with a factor of about 2, in relation to VOCs released at the end of flowering. Regardless of the harvest period, the majority of VOCs and odor concentrations, monitored by olfactometric analysis, decrease gradually until some of them disappear at the end of retting. Likewise, the green plant odor disappears during retting with an increase of dry plants odor and an appearance of fermented odor at the end of retting. Following the evolution of VOCs emitted by plants during retting could be a tool for farmers to improve the retting management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brahim Mazian
- Laboratoire du Génie de l'Environnement Industriel des Mines d'Alès, IMT Mines Alès, Université de Montpellier, 6 Avenue de Clavières, 30319, Alès Cedex, France
- Centre des Matériaux des Mines d'Alès, IMT Mines Alès, Université de Montpellier, 6 Avenue de Clavières, 30319, Alès Cedex, France
| | - Stéphane Cariou
- Laboratoire du Génie de l'Environnement Industriel des Mines d'Alès, IMT Mines Alès, Université de Montpellier, 6 Avenue de Clavières, 30319, Alès Cedex, France
| | | | - Jean-Louis Fanlo
- Laboratoire du Génie de l'Environnement Industriel des Mines d'Alès, IMT Mines Alès, Université de Montpellier, 6 Avenue de Clavières, 30319, Alès Cedex, France
- Olentica sas, 14 Boulevard Charles Peguy, 30100, Alès, France
| | - Marie-Laure Fauconnier
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Molécules Naturelles, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, e, Université de Liège, 2 Passage des Déportés, 5030, Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Anne Bergeret
- Centre des Matériaux des Mines d'Alès, IMT Mines Alès, Université de Montpellier, 6 Avenue de Clavières, 30319, Alès Cedex, France
| | - Luc Malhautier
- Laboratoire du Génie de l'Environnement Industriel des Mines d'Alès, IMT Mines Alès, Université de Montpellier, 6 Avenue de Clavières, 30319, Alès Cedex, France.
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Hu B, Jarosch AM, Gauder M, Graeff-Hönninger S, Schnitzler JP, Grote R, Rennenberg H, Kreuzwieser J. VOC emissions and carbon balance of two bioenergy plantations in response to nitrogen fertilization: A comparison of Miscanthus and Salix. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2018; 237:205-217. [PMID: 29486454 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.02.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2017] [Revised: 01/29/2018] [Accepted: 02/11/2018] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Energy crops are an important renewable source for energy production in future. To ensure high yields of crops, N fertilization is a common practice. However, knowledge on environmental impacts of bioenergy plantations, particularly in systems involving trees, and the effects of N fertilization is scarce. We studied the emission of volatile organic compounds (VOC), which negatively affect the environment by contributing to tropospheric ozone and aerosols formation, from Miscanthus and willow plantations. Particularly, we aimed at quantifying the effect of N fertilization on VOC emission. For this purpose, we determined plant traits, photosynthetic gas exchange and VOC emission rates of the two systems as affected by N fertilization (0 and 80 kg ha-1 yr-1). Additionally, we used a modelling approach to simulate (i) the annual VOC emission rates as well as (ii) the OH. reactivity resulting from individual VOC emitted. Total VOC emissions from Salix was 1.5- and 2.5-fold higher compared to Miscanthus in non-fertilized and fertilized plantations, respectively. Isoprene was the dominating VOC in Salix (80-130 μg g-1 DW h-1), whereas it was negligible in Miscanthus. We identified twenty-eight VOC compounds, which were released by Miscanthus with the green leaf volatile hexanal as well as dimethyl benzene, dihydrofuranone, phenol, and decanal as the dominant volatiles. The pattern of VOC released from this species clearly differed to the pattern emitted by Salix. OH. reactivity from VOC released by Salix was ca. 8-times higher than that of Miscanthus. N fertilization enhanced stand level VOC emissions, mainly by promoting the leaf area index and only marginally by enhancing the basal emission capacity of leaves. Considering the higher productivity of fertilized Miscanthus compared to Salix together with the considerably lower OH. reactivity per weight unit of biomass produced, qualified the C4-perennial grass Miscanthus as a superior source of future bioenergy production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Hu
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, 3 Taicheng Road, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China; Chair of Tree Physiology, Institute of Forest Sciences, University of Freiburg, Georges-Köhler Allee 53/54, 79110 Freiburg, Germany.
| | - Ann-Mareike Jarosch
- Chair of Tree Physiology, Institute of Forest Sciences, University of Freiburg, Georges-Köhler Allee 53/54, 79110 Freiburg, Germany.
| | - Martin Gauder
- Institute of Crop Science, University of Hohenheim, Fruwirthstr. 23, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany.
| | - Simone Graeff-Hönninger
- Institute of Crop Science, University of Hohenheim, Fruwirthstr. 23, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany.
| | - Jörg-Peter Schnitzler
- Research Unit Environmental Simulation, Institute of Biochemical Plant Pathology, Helmholtz Zentrum München GmbH, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany.
| | - Rüdiger Grote
- Institute of Meteorology and Climate Research, Atmospheric Environmental Research Division (IMK-IFU), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Kreuzeckbahnstr. 19, 82467 Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Germany.
| | - Heinz Rennenberg
- Chair of Tree Physiology, Institute of Forest Sciences, University of Freiburg, Georges-Köhler Allee 53/54, 79110 Freiburg, Germany; College of Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Jürgen Kreuzwieser
- Chair of Tree Physiology, Institute of Forest Sciences, University of Freiburg, Georges-Köhler Allee 53/54, 79110 Freiburg, Germany.
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Deasy W, Shepherd T, Alexander CJ, Birch ANE, Evans KA. Development and Validation of a SPME-GC-MS Method for In situ Passive Sampling of Root Volatiles from Glasshouse-Grown Broccoli Plants Undergoing Below-Ground Herbivory by Larvae of Cabbage Root Fly, Delia radicum L. PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS : PCA 2016; 27:375-393. [PMID: 27687886 DOI: 10.1002/pca.2637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2015] [Revised: 06/27/2016] [Accepted: 07/01/2016] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Research on plant root chemical ecology has benefited greatly from recent developments in analytical chemistry. Numerous reports document techniques for sampling root volatiles, although only a limited number describe in situ collection. OBJECTIVES To demonstrate a new method for non-invasive in situ passive sampling using solid phase micro extraction (SPME), from the immediate vicinity of growing roots. METHODS SPME fibres inserted into polyfluorotetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) sampling tubes located in situ which were either perforated, covered with stainless steel mesh or with microporous PTFE tubing, were used for non-invasive sub-surface sampling of root volatiles from glasshouse-grown broccoli. Sampling methods were compared with above surface headspace collection using Tenax TA. The roots were either mechanically damaged or infested with Delia radicum larvae. Principal component analysis (PCA) was used to investigate the effect of damage on the composition of volatiles released by broccoli roots. RESULTS Analyses by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) with SPME and automated thermal desorption (ATD) confirmed that sulphur compounds, showing characteristic temporal emission patterns, were the principal volatiles released by roots following insect larval damage. Use of SPME with in situ perforated PTFE sampling tubes was the most robust method for out-of-lab sampling. CONCLUSION This study describes a new method for non-invasive passive sampling of volatiles in situ from intact and insect damaged roots using SPME. The method is highly suitable for remote sampling and has potential for wide application in chemical ecology/root/soil research. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Deasy
- The James Hutton Institute, Invergowrie, Dundee, DD2 5DA, UK
- Scotland's Rural College, Nicholas Kemmer Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FH, UK
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Edinburgh, Darwin Building, The King's Buildings, Max Born Crescent, Edinburgh, EH9 3BF, UK
| | - Tom Shepherd
- The James Hutton Institute, Invergowrie, Dundee, DD2 5DA, UK.
| | - Colin J Alexander
- Biomathematics and Statistics Scotland, Invergowrie, Dundee, DD2 5DA, UK
| | | | - K Andrew Evans
- Scotland's Rural College, Nicholas Kemmer Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FH, UK
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Delory BM, Delaplace P, du Jardin P, Fauconnier ML. Barley (Hordeum distichon L.) roots synthesise volatile aldehydes with a strong age-dependent pattern and release (E)-non-2-enal and (E,Z)-nona-2,6-dienal after mechanical injury. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2016; 104:134-45. [PMID: 27031425 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2016.03.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2015] [Revised: 02/18/2016] [Accepted: 03/22/2016] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
In the context of chemical ecology, the analysis of the temporal production pattern of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in root tissues and the emission rate measurement of root-emitted VOCs are of major importance for setting up experiments to study the implication of these compounds in biotic interactions. Such analyses, however, remain challenging because of the belowground location of plant root systems. In this context, this study describes the evolution of the root VOC production pattern of barley (Hordeum distichon L.) at five developmental stages from germination to the end of tillering and evaluates the emission of the identified VOCs in an artificial soil. VOCs produced by crushed root tissues and released by unexcavated root systems were analysed using dynamic sampling devices coupled to a gas chromatography-mass spectrometry methodology (synchronous SCAN/SIM). The results showed that, at each analysed developmental stage, crushed barley roots produced mainly four volatile aldehydes: hexanal; (E)-hex-2-enal; (E)-non-2-enal; and (E,Z)-nona-2,6-dienal. Higher total and individual VOC concentrations were measured in 3-day-old seminal roots compared with older phenological stages. For each developmental stage, the lipoxygenase (LOX) activity was greater for linoleic acid than α-linolenic acid and the greatest LOX activities using linoleic and α-linolenic acids as substrates were measured in 7- and 3-day-old roots, respectively. The analysis of VOCs released by barley roots into the soil showed that (E)-non-2-enal and (E,Z)-nona-2,6-dienal were the only VOCs emitted in quantifiable amounts by mechanically injured roots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin M Delory
- Plant Biology, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium.
| | - Pierre Delaplace
- Plant Biology, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium.
| | - Patrick du Jardin
- Plant Biology, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium.
| | - Marie-Laure Fauconnier
- General and Organic Chemistry, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège 5030, Gembloux, Belgium; Volatolomics Laboratory, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium.
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Calling in the Dark: The Role of Volatiles for Communication in the Rhizosphere. SIGNALING AND COMMUNICATION IN PLANTS 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-33498-1_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Traugott M, Benefer CM, Blackshaw RP, van Herk WG, Vernon RS. Biology, ecology, and control of elaterid beetles in agricultural land. ANNUAL REVIEW OF ENTOMOLOGY 2015; 60:313-334. [PMID: 25341096 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-ento-010814-021035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Wireworms, the larvae of click beetles (Coleoptera: Elateridae), have had a centuries-long role as major soil insect pests worldwide. With insecticidal control options dwindling, research on click beetle biology and ecology is of increasing importance in the development of new control tactics. Methodological improvements have deepened our understanding of how larvae and adults spatially and temporarily utilize agricultural habitats and interact with their environment. This progress, however, rests with a few pest species, and efforts to obtain comparable knowledge on other economically important elaterids are crucial. There are still considerable gaps in our understanding of female and larval ecology; movement of elaterids within landscapes; and the impact of natural enemies, cultivation practices, and environmental change on elaterid population dynamics. This knowledge will allow generation of multifaceted control strategies, including cultural, physical, and chemical measures, tailored toward species complexes and crops across a range of appropriate spatial scales.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Traugott
- Mountain Agriculture Research Unit, Institute of Ecology, University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria;
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18
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Aboveground endophyte affects root volatile emission and host plant selection of a belowground insect. Oecologia 2014; 177:487-97. [DOI: 10.1007/s00442-014-3104-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2014] [Accepted: 09/22/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Peñuelas J, Asensio D, Tholl D, Wenke K, Rosenkranz M, Piechulla B, Schnitzler JP. Biogenic volatile emissions from the soil. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2014; 37:1866-91. [PMID: 24689847 DOI: 10.1111/pce.12340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2013] [Revised: 03/10/2014] [Accepted: 03/14/2014] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Volatile compounds are usually associated with an appearance/presence in the atmosphere. Recent advances, however, indicated that the soil is a huge reservoir and source of biogenic volatile organic compounds (bVOCs), which are formed from decomposing litter and dead organic material or are synthesized by underground living organism or organs and tissues of plants. This review summarizes the scarce available data on the exchange of VOCs between soil and atmosphere and the features of the soil and particle structure allowing diffusion of volatiles in the soil, which is the prerequisite for biological VOC-based interactions. In fact, soil may function either as a sink or as a source of bVOCs. Soil VOC emissions to the atmosphere are often 1-2 (0-3) orders of magnitude lower than those from aboveground vegetation. Microorganisms and the plant root system are the major sources for bVOCs. The current methodology to detect belowground volatiles is described as well as the metabolic capabilities resulting in the wealth of microbial and root VOC emissions. Furthermore, VOC profiles are discussed as non-destructive fingerprints for the detection of organisms. In the last chapter, belowground volatile-based bi- and multi-trophic interactions between microorganisms, plants and invertebrates in the soil are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Peñuelas
- Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CEAB-CSIC-UAB, CSIC, Catalonia, Spain; CREAF, Catalonia, Spain
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