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Zhang D, Wang Y, Meng X, Ni H, Wang Y, Liu D, Wang G, Chen Y. One- and Two-Photon Photophysical Properties, Ultrafast Dynamics, and DFT Study of Three Modified Zinc Phthalocyanines. J Phys Chem A 2024. [PMID: 39069663 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.4c02962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
As two-photon absorption (TPA) materials, phthalocyanine molecules have promising application prospects due to their large TPA absorption cross-section, high third-order nonlinear optical susceptibility, and ultrafast response characteristics. In this work, optical properties and the ultrafast response of three modified zinc phthalocyanine molecules (P-HPcZn, Pc-P-Pc, and (DR1)4PcZn) were analyzed. No obvious side-shoulder absorption peaks in the Q-band can be observed from the steady-state absorption spectra of the three molecules, confirming the lack of aggregation products in the solutions of our measurement. Open-aperture Z-scan results show relatively large TPA cross-section values of 136.4 and 55.3 GM for Pc-P-Pc and (DR1)4PcZn, respectively. The nonlinear optical results show that the absorption process observed under the excitation of femtosecond pulses is a reverse saturable absorption (RSA) mechanism. Up-conversion fluorescence spectra of (DR1)4PcZn in THF solution indicate that the fluorescence emission mechanism is TPA. In the study of ultrafast dynamics, the transient absorption spectra were investigated and the decay lifetime of the dynamic traces corresponding to some representative probe wavelengths was obtained through data fitting with a multi-exponential function. Finally, the charge transfer and excited state properties of the modified zinc phthalocyanine molecules were discussed in depth by the DFT method. The energy gaps of P-HPcZn, Pc-P-Pc, and (DR1)4PcZn are 2.16, 1.39, and 2.13 eV, respectively. The results indicate that the Pc-P-Pc of donor-acceptor-donor (D-A-D) structure has the smallest energy gap as well as the best charge transfer properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ding Zhang
- College of Science, Department of Physics, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian 110626, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaochuan Wang
- College of Science, Department of Physics, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian 110626, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangxu Meng
- College of Science, Department of Physics, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian 110626, People's Republic of China
| | - Haoran Ni
- College of Science, Department of Physics, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian 110626, People's Republic of China
| | - Yizhuo Wang
- College of Science, Department of Physics, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian 110626, People's Republic of China
| | - Dajun Liu
- College of Science, Department of Physics, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian 110626, People's Republic of China
| | - Guiqiu Wang
- College of Science, Department of Physics, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian 110626, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Chen
- Lab for Advanced Materials, Department of Chemistry, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
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Gong M, Zeng L, Wang W, Dong X, Yu Z, Wang S, Yang Y. Effects of Several Auxiliary Acceptors and Anchoring Groups on Charge Transfer and Photophysical Properties of D-A-π-A Type DSSCs: A DFT Study. J Fluoresc 2024:10.1007/s10895-024-03685-x. [PMID: 38546915 DOI: 10.1007/s10895-024-03685-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
In this paper, we performed theoretical studies on the twelve D-A-π-A type organic dyes (G-1 ~ G-3, M-1 ~ M-3, J-1 ~ J-3, and S-1 ~ S-3) with 9-phenylcarbazole as the electron donor in anticipation of the application of these dyes in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). DFT and TD-DFT methods are applied to investigate in detail the molecular geometries, frontier molecular orbitals (FMOs), absorption spectra, charge density difference (CDD), and transition density matrix (TDM) of several dyes. The results show that the M-series (M-1 ~ M-3) dyes have the largest dihedral angles between the electron donor and the auxiliary acceptor and also has the largest energy gaps in HOMO-LUMO orbitals, which greatly reduces the charge transfer efficiency. Finally, the UV-Vis absorption spectra inferred that the anchoring groups modified with o-nitrobenzoic acid (G-3, M-3, J-3, S-3) can red-shift the absorption peaks of the dyes, which results in higher light-harvesting efficiency and improves the power conversion efficiency of DSSCs. Overall, all of these dyes contribute to the improvement of photovoltaic power conversion efficiency and have potential for application in DSSCs devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingjianshuo Gong
- Houston International Institute, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, 110626, People's Republic of China
| | - Lingpeng Zeng
- College of Navigation, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, 110626, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenbo Wang
- College of Navigation, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, 110626, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuanchen Dong
- Houston International Institute, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, 110626, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhenshuo Yu
- College of Science, University of Science and Technology Liaoning, Anshan, 114051, People's Republic of China
| | - Songhao Wang
- College of Science, University of Science and Technology Liaoning, Anshan, 114051, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Yang
- Houston International Institute, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, 110626, People's Republic of China.
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Wang S, Yu Z, Li L, Qiao J, Gao L. Theoretical analysis on D-π-A dye molecules with different acceptors and terminal branches for highly efficient dye-sensitized solar cells. J Mol Graph Model 2024; 127:108677. [PMID: 38043394 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmgm.2023.108677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Revised: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Triphenylamine and 9-phenylcarbazole are the most common electron donor groups, now based on the two groups, eight D-π-A dyes are designed as sensitizers for dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs).The eight dyes use the same π-conjugated bridge (thiophene moiety and carbon-carbon double bond) and acceptor fragment (cyanoacrylic acid), and the donor group is added with additional electron-D groups to the original triphenylamine and 9-phenylcarbazole (C4H9 alkyl chain, C4F9 perfluoroalkyl chain, and methoxy), and comparing the properties of several donor groups and terminal branched chains while ensuring that the π-bridges and acceptors are identical. The photophysical properties, electronically excited states, and chemical reactivity affecting the performed dyes have been determined with DFT and TD-DFT calculations of bond lengths and dihedral angles between fragments, frontier molecular orbitals, density of states, isosurface molecular electrostatic potential, charge density differences, fragment transition density matrix, UV-Vis absorption spectra, quantum chemical, and photovoltaic parameters. Comparisons have been made between the dyes under study's photophysical characteristics, electrically excited states, and chemical reactivity. Among all the different donor dyes designed, SH-3 and ZD-3 are poorly molecularly planar compared to the same series of molecules with parameters such as large HOMO-LUMO energy gaps (2.78 eV, 3.28 eV), maximum excited energies (2.93 eV, 3.13 eV), and the shortest absorption peaks (422.76 nm, 396.48 nm), which are considered to be the worst material for photovoltaic applications. Whereas, SH-4 and ZD-4 have the smallest energy gap values (2.35 eV, 2.74 eV) and vertical excitation energies (2.66 eV, 3.04 eV) as well as having the longest absorption peaks (465.34 nm, 408.42 nm), the largest open circuit voltages (1.42 eV, 1.34 eV), which are the best designs among the two groups of molecules. The rest of the designed organic dyes have suitable photophysical properties and all of them are highly recommended for DSSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songhao Wang
- College of Science, University of Science and Technology Liaoning, Anshan, 114051, PR China
| | - Zhenshuo Yu
- College of Science, University of Science and Technology Liaoning, Anshan, 114051, PR China
| | - Lei Li
- College of Science, University of Science and Technology Liaoning, Anshan, 114051, PR China
| | - Jun Qiao
- College of Material and Metallurgy, University of Science and Technology Liaoning, Anshan, 114051, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Liang Gao
- College of Science, University of Science and Technology Liaoning, Anshan, 114051, PR China; College of Material and Metallurgy, University of Science and Technology Liaoning, Anshan, 114051, Liaoning, PR China.
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Sakr MAS, Saad MA, Abd-Elkader OH, Abdelsalam H, Zhang Q. Promising sensors for pharmaceutical pollutant adsorption using Clar's goblet-based 2D membranes. Sci Rep 2024; 14:889. [PMID: 38195577 PMCID: PMC10776697 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-50802-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024] Open
Abstract
This study focuses on the design of new 2D membranes from connected Clar's Goblet as a potential sensor for pharmaceutical pollutants, specifically the painkiller drugs aspirin, paracetamol, ibuprofen, and diclofenac. The electronic, optical, and interaction properties are investigated using density functional theory calculations. The Clar's Goblet membranes (CGMs) that were chosen are semiconductors with an energy gap of around 1.5 eV, according to energy gap calculations and density of states. Molecular electrostatic potential (ESP) analysis shows that CGMs have electrophilic and nucleophilic sites, suggesting their suitability for interacting with pharmaceutical pollutants. The adsorption energies confirm the chemical adsorption of pharmaceutical pollutants with diclofenac showing the strongest adsorption. The UV-Vis absorption spectra of CGMs-drug complexes are analyzed, revealing a redshift compared to the absorption spectrum of CGMs alone, confirming the adsorption of these drugs. Further analysis using hole/electron examinations indicates that the type of excitation is local excitation rather than charge transfer excitation. This study quantitatively characterized hole and electron distribution in excited states using various indices. The analysis revealed local excitation transitions and significant charge transfer between the CGMs molecule and pharmaceutical pollutants. Additionally, non-covalent interaction analysis indicates the presence of van der Waals interactions, highlighting the adsorption behavior of the drugs. These results demonstrate the potential of CGMs as a highly sensitive sensor for pharmaceutical pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud A S Sakr
- Chemistry Department, Center of Basic Science (CBS), Misr University of Science and Technology (MUST), 6th October City, Egypt.
| | - Mohamed A Saad
- Physics Department, Center of Basic Science (CBS), Misr University of Science and Technology (MUST), 6th October City, Egypt
| | - Omar H Abd-Elkader
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hazem Abdelsalam
- Theoretical Physics Department, National Research Centre, El-Buhouth Str., Dokki, Giza, 12622, Egypt.
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng, 224051, People's Republic of China.
| | - Qinfang Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng, 224051, People's Republic of China.
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Mubarik A, Shafiq F, Wang HR, Jiang J, Ju XH. Theoretical design and evaluation of efficient small donor molecules for organic solar cells. J Mol Model 2023; 29:373. [PMID: 37957312 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-023-05782-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT The development of high-efficiency photovoltaic devices is the need of time with increasing demand for energy. Herein, we designed seven small molecule donors (SMDs) with A-π-D-π-A backbones containing various acceptor groups for high-efficiency organic solar cells (OSCs). Molecular engineering was performed by substituting the acceptor group in the synthesized compound (BPR) with another highly efficient acceptor group to improve the photoelectric performance of the molecule. METHOD The photovoltaic, optoelectronic, and photophysical properties of the proposed compounds (BP1-BP7) were investigated in comparison to BPR using DFT and TD-DFT at MPW1PW91/6-311G(d,p) level of theory. All molecules we designed have red-shifted absorption spectra. The modification of the acceptor fragment of the BPR resulted in a reduced HOMO-LUMO energy gap; thus, the designed compounds (BP1-BP7) had improved optoelectronic responses as compared with the BPR molecule. Various key factors that are crucial for efficient SMDs such as exciton binding energy, frontier molecular orbitals (FMOs), absorption maximum (λmax), open circuit voltage (VOC), dipole moment (μ), excitation charge mobilities, and the transition density matrix of (BPR, BP1-BP7) have also been studied. Low reorganizational energy (holes and electrons) values provide high charge mobility, and all the designed compounds are efficient in this regard. Here, BP6 exhibits low excitation energy (1.66 eV), highest open circuit voltage (2.00 V), normalized VOC (77.23), and fill factor (0.931). Consequently, the superiority of the designed molecules advises experimenters to envision future developments in extremely effective OSC devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adeel Mubarik
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, People's Republic of China
| | - Faiza Shafiq
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao-Ran Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Jiang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue-Hai Ju
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, People's Republic of China.
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Jevtovic V, Alhar MSO, Milenković D, Marković Z, Dimitrić Marković J, Dimić D. Synthesis, Structural Characterization, Cytotoxicity, and Protein/DNA Binding Properties of Pyridoxylidene-Aminoguanidine-Metal (Fe, Co, Zn, Cu) Complexes. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14745. [PMID: 37834192 PMCID: PMC10573062 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Pyridoxylidene-aminoguanidine (PLAG) and its transition metal complexes are biologically active compounds with interesting properties. In this contribution, three new metal-PLAG complexes, Zn(PLAG)(SO4)(H2O)].∙H2O (Zn-PLAG), [Co(PLAG)2]SO4∙2H2O (Co-PLAG), and [Fe(PLAG)2]SO4∙2H2O) (Fe-PLAG), were synthetized and characterized by the X-ray crystallography. The intermolecular interactions governing the stability of crystal structure were compared to those of Cu(PLAG)(NCS)2 (Cu-PLAG) within Hirshfeld surface analysis. The structures were optimized at B3LYP/6-31+G(d,p)(H,C,N,O,S)/LanL2DZ (Fe,Co,Zn,Cu), and stability was assessed through Natural Bond Orbital Theory and Quantum Theory of Atoms in Molecules. Special emphasis was put on investigating the ligand's stability and reactivity. The binding of these compounds to Bovine and Human serum albumin was investigated by spectrofluorometric titration. The importance of complex geometry and various ligands for protein binding was shown. These results were complemented by the molecular docking study to elucidate the most important interactions. The thermodynamic parameters of the binding process were determined. The binding to DNA, as one of the main pathways in the cell death cycle, was analyzed by molecular docking. The cytotoxicity was determined towards HCT116, A375, MCF-7, and A2780 cell lines. The most active compound was Cu-PLAG due to the presence of PLAG and two thiocyanate ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Violeta Jevtovic
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University Ha’il, Ha’il 81451, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Dejan Milenković
- Department of Science, Institute for Information Technologies, University of Kragujevac, Jovana Cvijića bb, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Zoran Marković
- Department of Science, Institute for Information Technologies, University of Kragujevac, Jovana Cvijića bb, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | | | - Dušan Dimić
- Faculty of Physical Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Studentski Trg 12–16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
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Nie Y, Li J, Yang X, Hou X, Fang H. Development of QSRR model for hydroxamic acids using PCA-GA-BP algorithm incorporated with molecular interaction-based features. Front Chem 2022; 10:1056701. [DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.1056701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
As a potent zinc chelator, hydroxamic acid has been applied in the design of inhibitors of zinc metalloenzyme, such as histone deacetylases (HDACs). A series of hydroxamic acids with HDAC inhibitory activities were subjected to the QSRR (Quantitative Structure–Retention Relationships) study. Experimental data in combination with calculated molecular descriptors were used for the development of the QSRR model. Specially, we employed PCA (principal component analysis) to accomplish dimension reduction of descriptors and utilized the principal components of compounds (16 training compounds, 4 validation compounds and 7 test compounds) to execute GA (genetic algorithm)-BP (error backpropagation) algorithm. We performed double cross-validation approach for obtaining a more convincing model. Moreover, we introduced molecular interaction-based features (molecular docking scores) as a new type of molecular descriptor to represent the interactions between analytes and the mobile phase. Our results indicated that the incorporation of molecular interaction-based features significantly improved the accuracy of the QSRR model, (R2 value is 0.842, RMSEP value is 0.440, and MAE value is 0.573). Our study not only developed QSRR model for the prediction of the retention time of hydroxamic acid in HPLC but also proved the feasibility of using molecular interaction-based features as molecular descriptors.
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Plasmonic Surface of Metallic Gold and Silver Nanoparticles Induced Fluorescence Quenching of Meso-Terakis (4-Sulfonatophenyl) Porphyrin (TPPS) and Theoretical-Experimental Comparable. J Fluoresc 2022; 32:2257-2269. [PMID: 36045307 PMCID: PMC9606071 DOI: 10.1007/s10895-022-03022-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Colloidal metallic nanoparticles have attracted a lot of interest in the last two decades owing to their simple synthesis and fascinating optical properties. In this manuscript, a study of the effect of both gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) and silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) on the fluorescence emission (FE) of TPPS has been investigated utilizing steady-state fluorescence spectroscopy and UV–Vis spectrophotometry. From the observed electronic absorption spectra, there is no evidence of the ground state interaction between metallic Au NPs or Ag NPs with TPPS. On the other side, the FE spectra of TPPS have been quenched by both Ag and Au NPs. Via applying quenching calculations, Ag NPs showed only traditional static fluorescence quenching of TPPS with linear Stern–Volmer (SV) plots. On the contrary, quenching of TPPS emission by Au NPs shows composed models. One model is the sphere of action static quenching model that prevails at high quencher concentrations leading to non-linear SV plots with positive deviation. However, at low Au NPs concentrations, traditional dynamic quenching occurs with linear SV plots. The quantum calculations for TPPS structure have been obtained using Gaussian 09 software: in which the TPPS optimized molecular structure was achieved using DFT/B3LYP/6-311G (d) in a gaseous state. Also, the calculated electronic absorption spectra for the same molecule in water as a solvent are obtained using TD/M06/6-311G + + (2d, 2p). Furthermore, the theoretical and experimental results comparable to UV–Vis spectra have been investigated.
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