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Lipinski D, Whelan JP, Stiglets BE, Ginley MK, Pfund RA. The Influence of Gambling on Mood State and Alcohol Cravings. J Gambl Stud 2024; 40:1021-1035. [PMID: 38070069 DOI: 10.1007/s10899-023-10265-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2024]
Abstract
Several decades of research have experimentally investigated the influence of alcohol on gambling. However, there has been only minimal experimental exploration of how gambling influences alcohol use. The aim of the current project was to evaluate how gambling influenced mood state and alcohol cravings through randomized experimental design when analyzed with comparison conditions.College students (N = 76) who reported regular alcohol use, gambling within the past year, and being college basketball fans were randomly assigned to watch a video of an exciting basketball game, watch a nondysphoric basketball game, watch a movie, or engage in slot machine gambling. Participants who watched exciting sports or engaged in gambling to reported more energized mood states and higher urges to drink compared to those who watched nondysphoric sports or a movie. These results suggest that the context of gambling may prime individuals to want to consume alcohol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damon Lipinski
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, NC, USA
| | - James P Whelan
- Department of Psychology, The University of Memphis, Memphis, TN, USA.
- The Institute for Gambling Education & Research, Memphis and Johnson City, TN, USA.
| | - Blaine E Stiglets
- The Institute for Gambling Education & Research, Memphis and Johnson City, TN, USA
- Department of Psychology, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN, USA
| | - Meredith K Ginley
- The Institute for Gambling Education & Research, Memphis and Johnson City, TN, USA
- Department of Psychology, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN, USA
| | - Rory A Pfund
- Department of Psychology, The University of Memphis, Memphis, TN, USA
- The Institute for Gambling Education & Research, Memphis and Johnson City, TN, USA
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Ferrari MA, Limbrick-Oldfield EH, Clark L. Behavioral analysis of habit formation in modern slot machine gambling. INTERNATIONAL GAMBLING STUDIES 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/14459795.2022.2088822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mario A. Ferrari
- Centre for Gambling Research at UBC, Department of Psychology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Eve H. Limbrick-Oldfield
- Centre for Gambling Research at UBC, Department of Psychology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Luke Clark
- Centre for Gambling Research at UBC, Department of Psychology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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Socio-Demographics, Gambling Participation, Gambling Settings, and Addictive Behaviors Associated with Gambling Modes: A Population-Based Study. J Gambl Stud 2021; 38:1111-1126. [PMID: 34623554 PMCID: PMC9653367 DOI: 10.1007/s10899-021-10074-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Revised: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Online and land-based gambling differ in terms of participation and harms. Multimode gambling has also been distinguished as a separate mode. The current study uses the Finnish Gambling 2019 population study sample of 18–74-year-old past-year gamblers (N = 3,077) to evaluate how these gambling modes differ in terms of socio-demographics, gambling participation, gambling settings, and addictive behaviors. We used land-based gambling as the reference group in a multinomial regression model. Male gender (OR 1.48), age between 18 and 54 (OR 1.88), and high income (OR 1.87) were associated with online gambling. The odds of online gambling were higher among those who gambled at least monthly (OR 1.34) and among those with the highest gambling spending (OR 3.62). Younger age (OR 2.31), high income (OR 1.51), gambling at least four game types (OR 2.96), spending the most money on gambling (OR 4.56), and gambling in at least three gambling settings were associated with multimode gambling. Socio-demographics and gambling participation were indicators of gambling modes. Online gambling was more intensive while multimode gambling was more frequent and versatile than land-based gambling. However, this was not reflected as increased addictive behaviors, probably due to the harmful nature of Finnish land-based gambling.
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Mentalizing Failures, Emotional Dysregulation, and Cognitive Distortions Among Adolescent Problem Gamblers. J Gambl Stud 2021; 37:283-298. [PMID: 32720217 PMCID: PMC7882581 DOI: 10.1007/s10899-020-09967-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Over the past decade, several studies have investigated the relationship between cognitive distortions and emotion regulation among adolescent gamblers, demonstrating the exacerbating role of alcohol consumption when co-occurring with gambling problems. An important construct, that to date has been largely neglected, is mentalizing (i.e. the ability to reflect on one's own and others' mental states). The aim of the present study was (for the first time) to investigate the relative contribution of mentalization, emotional dysregulation, cognitive distortions, and alcohol consumption among adolescent gamblers. A total of 396 students (69.2% females) aged 14–19 years were recruited from secondary schools in Southern Italy. Assessment measures included the South Oaks Gambling Screen Revised for Adolescents (SOGS-RA), the Reflective Functioning Questionnaire (RFQ-8), the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS), the Gambling Related Cognitions Scale (GRCS), and the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT). Regression analysis showed that, along with male gender, the best predictors of adolescent gambling were scores on two GRCS subscales (i.e., ‘inability to stop gambling’ and ‘interpretative bias’), the RFQ-8’s ‘uncertainty about mental states’ dimension, and the DERS ‘impulse control difficulties’ factor, with the overall model explaining more than one-third of the total variance. The results clearly indicated that, along with gambling-related cognitive distortions, uncertainty about mental states, and difficulties remaining in control of one’s behavior when experiencing negative emotions contributed significantly to problematic gambling among adolescents.
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Molina-de la Fuente I, Pastor A, Conde P, Sandín Vázquez M, Ramos C, Bosque-Prous M, Franco M, Sureda X. Residents perceptions of the alcohol environment: A participatory photovoice project in two districts with different socio-economic status in a large city. Health Place 2021; 69:102566. [PMID: 33873132 DOI: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2021.102566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Revised: 03/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to present the alcohol environment as perceived by its residents in two districts of Madrid using the Photovoice participatory methodology. Secondly, we compared the results according to the socio-economic status of the districts. The study was conducted in the city of Madrid, Spain, in two districts with different socio-economic status. A total of 26 people participated, who took and discussed photographs about their alcohol environment. They grouped them into 33 final categories, such as the socialising role of alcohol or the alcohol advertising. Co-authors further grouped participants final categories into seven general areas. The participants in the Photovoice project have helped to deepen the understanding of the alcohol urban environment. These results may help to design more effective policies to prevent hazardous alcohol consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Molina-de la Fuente
- Public Health and Epidemiology Research Group, School of Medicine, University of Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, 28871, Spain; Department of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain; Malaria and Neglected Diseases Laboratory, National Centre of Tropical Medicine, Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, 28029, Spain
| | - Andrea Pastor
- Public Health and Epidemiology Research Group, School of Medicine, University of Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, 28871, Spain
| | - Paloma Conde
- Public Health and Epidemiology Research Group, School of Medicine, University of Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, 28871, Spain
| | - María Sandín Vázquez
- Public Health and Epidemiology Research Group, School of Medicine, University of Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, 28871, Spain; Department of Community Health and Social Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy, City University of New York, New York, USA
| | - Carmen Ramos
- Public Health Institute of Madrid, Madrid City Council, 28007, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marina Bosque-Prous
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Manuel Franco
- Public Health and Epidemiology Research Group, School of Medicine, University of Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, 28871, Spain; Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Graduate School of Public Health & Health Policy, City University of New York, New York, NY, 10027, USA; Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health. 615 North Wolfe Street, Baltimore, 21205, Maryland, USA
| | - Xisca Sureda
- Public Health and Epidemiology Research Group, School of Medicine, University of Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, 28871, Spain; Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Graduate School of Public Health & Health Policy, City University of New York, New York, NY, 10027, USA; Tobacco Control Research Group, Institut D'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge-IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Respirarory Diseases (CIBER en Enfermedades Respiratorias, CIBERES), Madrid, Spain.
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Eben C, Chen Z, Vermeylen L, Billieux J, Verbruggen F. A direct and conceptual replication of post-loss speeding when gambling. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2020; 7:200090. [PMID: 32537216 PMCID: PMC7277288 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.200090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
To investigate the response to suboptimal outcomes, Verbuggen et al. (Verbruggen F, Chambers CD, Lawrence NS, McLaren IPL. 2017 Winning and losing: effects on impulsive action. J. Exp. Psychol.: Hum. Percept. Perform. 43, 147. (doi:10.1037/xhp0000284)) conducted a study in which participants chose between a gamble and a non-gamble option. The non-gamble option was a guaranteed amount of points, whereas the gamble option was associated with a higher amount but a lower probability of winning. The authors observed that participants initiated the next trial faster after a loss compared to wins or non-gambles. In the present study, we directly replicated these findings in the laboratory and online. We also designed another task controlling for the number of trials per outcome. In this task, participants guessed where a reward was hidden. They won points if they selected the correct location, but lost points if they selected the incorrect location. We included neutral trials as a baseline. Again, participants sped up after a loss relative to wins and neutral trials (but only with a response choice in neutral trials and a large sample size). These findings appear inconsistent with cognitive-control frameworks, which assume that suboptimal outcomes typically lead to slower responses; instead, they suggest that suboptimal outcomes can invigorate behaviour, consistent with accounts of frustrative non-reward and impulsive action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Eben
- Department of Experimental Psychology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Zhang Chen
- Department of Experimental Psychology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Luc Vermeylen
- Department of Experimental Psychology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Joël Billieux
- Institute of Psychology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
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The Associations Between Maladaptive Personality Traits, Craving, Alcohol Use, and Adolescent Problem Gambling: An Italian Survey Study. J Gambl Stud 2019; 36:243-258. [DOI: 10.1007/s10899-019-09872-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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