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Erickson-Bhatt S, Cox BL, Macdonald E, Chacko JV, Begovatz P, Keely PJ, Ponik SM, Eliceiri KW, Fain SB. Multi-Modal Investigation of Metabolism in Murine Breast Cancer Cell Lines Using Fluorescence Lifetime Microscopy and Hyperpolarized 13C-Pyruvate Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy. Metabolites 2024; 14:550. [PMID: 39452931 PMCID: PMC11509230 DOI: 10.3390/metabo14100550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2024] [Revised: 10/04/2024] [Accepted: 10/10/2024] [Indexed: 10/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Background/Objectives: Despite the role of metabolism in breast cancer metastasis, we still cannot predict which breast tumors will progress to distal metastatic lesions or remain dormant. This work uses metabolic imaging to study breast cancer cell lines (4T1, 4T07, and 67NR) with differing metastatic potential in a 3D collagen gel bioreactor system. Methods: Within the bioreactor, hyperpolarized magnetic resonance spectroscopy (HP-MRS) is used to image lactate/pyruvate ratios, while fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) of endogenous metabolites measures metabolism at the cellular scale. Results: HP-MRS results showed no lactate peak for 67NR and a comparatively large lactate/pyruvate ratio for both 4T1 and 4T07 cell lines, suggestive of greater pyruvate utilization with greater metastatic potential. Similar patterns were observed using FLIM with significant increases in FAD intensity, redox ratio, and NAD(P)H lifetime. The lactate/pyruvate ratio was strongly correlated to NAD(P)H lifetime, consistent with the role of NADH as an electron donor for the glycolytic pathway, suggestive of an overall upregulation of metabolism (both glycolytic and oxidative), for the 4T07 and 4T1 cell lines compared to the non-metastatic 67NR cell line. Conclusions: These findings support a complementary role for HP-MRS and FLIM enabled by a novel collagen gel bioreactor system to investigate metastatic potential and cancer metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Erickson-Bhatt
- Morgridge Institute for Research, 330 N. Orchard St., Madison, WI 53715, USA; (S.E.-B.); (B.L.C.); (K.W.E.)
- Laboratory for Optical and Computational Instrumentation, University of Wisconsin at Madison, 1675 Observatory Dr., Madison, WI 53706, USA
- Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, University of Wisconsin at Madison, 1111 Highland Ave., Madison, WI 53705, USA; (S.M.P.)
- Department of Medical Physics, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin at Madison, 1111 Highland Ave., Madison, WI 53705, USA (P.B.)
| | - Benjamin L. Cox
- Morgridge Institute for Research, 330 N. Orchard St., Madison, WI 53715, USA; (S.E.-B.); (B.L.C.); (K.W.E.)
- Laboratory for Optical and Computational Instrumentation, University of Wisconsin at Madison, 1675 Observatory Dr., Madison, WI 53706, USA
- Department of Medical Physics, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin at Madison, 1111 Highland Ave., Madison, WI 53705, USA (P.B.)
| | - Erin Macdonald
- Department of Medical Physics, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin at Madison, 1111 Highland Ave., Madison, WI 53705, USA (P.B.)
- Department of Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, 2424 Erwin Road, Suite 302, Durham, NC 27705, USA
| | - Jenu V. Chacko
- Laboratory for Optical and Computational Instrumentation, University of Wisconsin at Madison, 1675 Observatory Dr., Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Paul Begovatz
- Department of Medical Physics, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin at Madison, 1111 Highland Ave., Madison, WI 53705, USA (P.B.)
| | - Patricia J. Keely
- Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, University of Wisconsin at Madison, 1111 Highland Ave., Madison, WI 53705, USA; (S.M.P.)
| | - Suzanne M. Ponik
- Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, University of Wisconsin at Madison, 1111 Highland Ave., Madison, WI 53705, USA; (S.M.P.)
| | - Kevin W. Eliceiri
- Morgridge Institute for Research, 330 N. Orchard St., Madison, WI 53715, USA; (S.E.-B.); (B.L.C.); (K.W.E.)
- Laboratory for Optical and Computational Instrumentation, University of Wisconsin at Madison, 1675 Observatory Dr., Madison, WI 53706, USA
- Department of Medical Physics, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin at Madison, 1111 Highland Ave., Madison, WI 53705, USA (P.B.)
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin at Madison, 1550 Engineering Dr., Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Sean B. Fain
- Department of Medical Physics, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin at Madison, 1111 Highland Ave., Madison, WI 53705, USA (P.B.)
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin at Madison, 1550 Engineering Dr., Madison, WI 53706, USA
- Department of Radiology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, 200 Hawkins Drive, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
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2
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Ginzel JD, Chapman H, Sills JE, Allen EJ, Barak LS, Cardiff RD, Borowsky AD, Lyerly HK, Rogers BW, Snyder JC. Nonlinear progression during the occult transition establishes cancer lethality. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.04.23.590826. [PMID: 38712192 PMCID: PMC11071403 DOI: 10.1101/2024.04.23.590826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Cancer screening is based upon a linear model of neoplastic growth and malignant progression. Yet, historical observations suggest that malignant progression is uncoupled from growth which may explain the paradoxical increase in early-stage breast cancer detection without a dramatic reduction in metastatic burden. Here we lineage trace millions of genetically transformed field cells and thousands of screen detectable and symptomatic tumors using a cancer rainbow mouse model of HER2+ breast cancer. Transition rates from field cell to screen detectable tumor and then to symptomatic tumors were estimated from a dynamical model of tumor development. Field cells are orders of magnitude less likely to transition to a screen detectable tumor than the subsequent transition of a screen detectable tumor to a symptomatic tumor. Our model supports a critical occult transition in tumor development during which time a transformed cell becomes a bona fide neoplasm. Lineage tracing and test-by-transplantation reveals that nonlinear progression during or prior to the occult transition gives rise to nascent lethal cancers at screen detection. Simulations illustrate how occult transition rates are a critical determinant of tumor growth and malignancy in the lifetime of a host. Our data provides direct experimental evidence that cancers can deviate from the predictable linear progression model foundational to current screening paradigms.
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Stepchenko AG, Bulavkina EV, Portseva TN, Georgieva SG, Pankratova EV. Suppression of OCT-1 in Metastatic Breast Cancer Cells Reduces Tumor Metastatic Potential, Hypoxia Resistance, and Drug Resistance. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:life12091435. [PMID: 36143471 PMCID: PMC9502003 DOI: 10.3390/life12091435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OCT-1/POU2F1 is a ubiquitously expressed transcription factor. Its expression starts at the earliest stage of embryonic development. OCT-1 controls genes involved in the regulation of differentiation, proliferation, cell metabolism, and aging. High levels of OCT-1 transcription factor in tumor cells correlate with tumor malignancy and resistance to antitumor therapy. Here, we report that suppression of OCT-1 in breast cancer cells reduces their metastatic potential and drug resistance. OCT-1 knockdown in the MDA-MB231 breast cancer cells leads to a fivefold decrease (p < 0.01) in cell migration rates in the Boyden chamber. A decrease in the transcription levels of human invasion signature (HIS) genes (ARHGDIB, CAPZA2, PHACTR2, CDC42, XRCC5, and CAV1) has been also demonstrated by real-time PCR, with high expression of these genes being a hallmark of actively metastasizing breast cancer cells. Transcriptional activity of ATF6 response elements is significantly reduced in the cell lines with decreased OCT-1 expression, which results in lower levels of adaptive EPR stress response. OCT-1 knockdown more than two times increases the MDA-MB231 cell death rate in hypoxia and significantly increases the doxorubicin or docetaxel-treated MDA-MB231 cell death rate. Our findings indicate that OCT-1 may be an important therapeutic target and its selective inhibition may have significant therapeutic effects and may improve prognosis in breast cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander G. Stepchenko
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov Str., 32, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Elizaveta V. Bulavkina
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov Str., 32, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Tatiana N. Portseva
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov Str., 32, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Sofia G. Georgieva
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov Str., 32, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- Correspondence: (S.G.G.); (E.V.P.)
| | - Elizaveta V. Pankratova
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov Str., 32, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- Correspondence: (S.G.G.); (E.V.P.)
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4
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Xiong K, Qi M, Stoeger T, Zhang J, Chen S. The role of tumor-associated macrophages and soluble mediators in pulmonary metastatic melanoma. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1000927. [PMID: 36131942 PMCID: PMC9483911 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1000927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Skin malignant melanoma is a highly aggressive skin tumor, which is also a major cause of skin cancer-related mortality. It can spread from a relatively small primary tumor and metastasize to multiple locations, including lymph nodes, lungs, liver, bone, and brain. What’s more metastatic melanoma is the main cause of its high mortality. Among all organs, the lung is one of the most common distant metastatic sites of melanoma, and the mortality rate of melanoma lung metastasis is also very high. Elucidating the mechanisms involved in the pulmonary metastasis of cutaneous melanoma will not only help to provide possible explanations for its etiology and progression but may also help to provide potential new therapeutic targets for its treatment. Increasing evidence suggests that tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) play an important regulatory role in the migration and metastasis of various malignant tumors. Tumor-targeted therapy, targeting tumor-associated macrophages is thus attracting attention, particularly for advanced tumors and metastatic tumors. However, the relevant role of tumor-associated macrophages in cutaneous melanoma lung metastasis is still unclear. This review will present an overview of the origin, classification, polarization, recruitment, regulation and targeting treatment of tumor-associated macrophages, as well as the soluble mediators involved in these processes and a summary of their possible role in lung metastasis from cutaneous malignant melanoma. This review particularly aims to provide insight into mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets to readers, interested in pulmonary metastasis melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaifen Xiong
- The Department of Respiratory Diseases and Critic Care Unit, Shenzhen Institute of Respiratory Disease, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Shenzhen People’s Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College), Jinan University, Guangdong, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Min Qi
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Tobias Stoeger
- Institute of Lung Health and Immunity (LHI), Comprehensive Pneumology Center (CPC), Helmholtz Munich, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Jianglin Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
- Department of Dermatology, Shenzhen People’s Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, Guangdong, China
- Candidate Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Skin Diseases, Shenzhen, China
- *Correspondence: Jianglin Zhang, ; Shanze Chen,
| | - Shanze Chen
- The Department of Respiratory Diseases and Critic Care Unit, Shenzhen Institute of Respiratory Disease, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Shenzhen People’s Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College), Jinan University, Guangdong, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
- *Correspondence: Jianglin Zhang, ; Shanze Chen,
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5
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Assessment of MRI to estimate metastatic dissemination risk and prometastatic effects of chemotherapy. NPJ Breast Cancer 2022; 8:101. [PMID: 36056005 PMCID: PMC9440218 DOI: 10.1038/s41523-022-00463-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastatic dissemination in breast cancer is regulated by specialized intravasation sites called “tumor microenvironment of metastasis” (TMEM) doorways, composed of a tumor cell expressing the actin-regulatory protein Mena, a perivascular macrophage, and an endothelial cell, all in stable physical contact. High TMEM doorway number is associated with an increased risk of distant metastasis in human breast cancer and mouse models of breast carcinoma. Here, we developed a novel magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) methodology, called TMEM Activity-MRI, to detect TMEM-associated vascular openings that serve as the portal of entry for cancer cell intravasation and metastatic dissemination. We demonstrate that TMEM Activity-MRI correlates with primary tumor TMEM doorway counts in both breast cancer patients and mouse models, including MMTV-PyMT and patient-derived xenograft models. In addition, TMEM Activity-MRI is reduced in mouse models upon treatment with rebastinib, a specific and potent TMEM doorway inhibitor. TMEM Activity-MRI is an assay that specifically measures TMEM-associated vascular opening (TAVO) events in the tumor microenvironment, and as such, can be utilized in mechanistic studies investigating molecular pathways of cancer cell dissemination and metastasis. Finally, we demonstrate that TMEM Activity-MRI increases upon treatment with paclitaxel in mouse models, consistent with prior observations that chemotherapy enhances TMEM doorway assembly and activity in human breast cancer. Our findings suggest that TMEM Activity-MRI is a promising precision medicine tool for localized breast cancer that could be used as a non-invasive test to determine metastatic risk and serve as an intermediate pharmacodynamic biomarker to monitor therapeutic response to agents that block TMEM doorway-mediated dissemination.
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6
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Cai Q, Liu G, Huang L, Guan Y, Wei H, Dou Z, Liu D, Hu Y, Gao M. The Role of Dexmedetomidine in Tumor-Progressive Factors in the Perioperative Period and Cancer Recurrence: A Narrative Review. Drug Des Devel Ther 2022; 16:2161-2175. [PMID: 35821701 PMCID: PMC9271281 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s358042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Dexmedetomidine, a specific α2 adrenergic receptor agonist, is highly frequently used in the perioperatively for its favorable pharmacology, such as mitigating postoperative cognitive dysfunction. Increasing attention has been recently focused on the effect of whether dexmedetomidine influences cancer recurrence, which urges the discussion of the role of dexmedetomidine in tumor-progressive factors. The pharmacologic characteristics of dexmedetomidine, the tumor-progressive factors in the perioperative period, and the relationships between dexmedetomidine and tumor-progressive factors were described in this review. Available evidence suggests that dexmedetomidine could reduce the degree of immune function suppression, such as keeping the number of CD3+ cells, NK cells, CD4+/CD8+ ratio, and Th1/Th2 ratio stable and decreasing the level of proinflammatory cytokine (interleukin 6 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha) during cancer operations. However, dexmedetomidine exhibits different roles in cell biological behavior depending on cancer cell types. The conclusions on whether dexmedetomidine would influence cancer recurrence could not be currently drawn for the lack of strong clinical evidence. Therefore, this is still a new area that needs further exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Cai
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, Hubei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guoqing Liu
- Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Linsheng Huang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuting Guan
- Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Huixia Wei
- Department of Anesthesiology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhiqian Dou
- Department of Obstetrics, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dexi Liu
- Department of Stomatology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yang Hu
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, Hubei, People’s Republic of China
- Yang Hu, Department of Orthopedics, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, 441000, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86-13995744850, Email
| | - Meiling Gao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Meiling Gao, Department of Anesthesiology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86-15971849819, Email
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7
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Wang X, Zhang D, Zhang X, Xing Y, Wu J, Sui X, Huang X, Chang G, Li L. Application of Multiphoton Microscopic Imaging in Study of Gastric Cancer. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2022; 21:15330338221133244. [PMID: 36379591 PMCID: PMC9676310 DOI: 10.1177/15330338221133244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Multiphoton microscopy (MPM) imaging relies on the nonlinear interaction between ultrashort optical pulses and the samples to achieve image contrast. Featuring larger penetration depth, less phototoxicity, 3-dimensional sectioning capability, no need for labeling, MPM become a powerful medical imaging technique that can identify structural characteristics of tissues at the cellular and subcellular levels. In this review paper, we introduce the working principle of MPM imaging, present the current results of MPM imaging applied to the study of gastric tumors, and discuss the future prospects of this interdisciplinary research field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoying Wang
- Strategic Support Force Medical Center, Beijing, China
| | - Di Zhang
- Ningxia Jingyuan County People's Hospital, Ningxia, China
| | - Xiaochun Zhang
- General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Ningxia, China
| | - Yuting Xing
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jihua Wu
- Strategic Support Force Medical Center, Beijing, China
| | - Xinke Sui
- Strategic Support Force Medical Center, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Huang
- Strategic Support Force Medical Center, Beijing, China
| | - Guoqing Chang
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lianyong Li
- Strategic Support Force Medical Center, Beijing, China
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8
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Sharma VP, Tang B, Wang Y, Duran CL, Karagiannis GS, Xue EA, Entenberg D, Borriello L, Coste A, Eddy RJ, Kim G, Ye X, Jones JG, Grunblatt E, Agi N, Roy S, Bandyopadhyaya G, Adler E, Surve CR, Esposito D, Goswami S, Segall JE, Guo W, Condeelis JS, Wakefield LM, Oktay MH. Live tumor imaging shows macrophage induction and TMEM-mediated enrichment of cancer stem cells during metastatic dissemination. Nat Commun 2021; 12:7300. [PMID: 34911937 PMCID: PMC8674234 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-27308-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) play an important role during metastasis, but the dynamic behavior and induction mechanisms of CSCs are not well understood. Here, we employ high-resolution intravital microscopy using a CSC biosensor to directly observe CSCs in live mice with mammary tumors. CSCs display the slow-migratory, invadopod-rich phenotype that is the hallmark of disseminating tumor cells. CSCs are enriched near macrophages, particularly near macrophage-containing intravasation sites called Tumor Microenvironment of Metastasis (TMEM) doorways. Substantial enrichment of CSCs occurs on association with TMEM doorways, contributing to the finding that CSCs represent >60% of circulating tumor cells. Mechanistically, stemness is induced in non-stem cancer cells upon their direct contact with macrophages via Notch-Jagged signaling. In breast cancers from patients, the density of TMEM doorways correlates with the proportion of cancer cells expressing stem cell markers, indicating that in human breast cancer TMEM doorways are not only cancer cell intravasation portals but also CSC programming sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ved P Sharma
- Department of Anatomy and Structural Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Gruss-Lipper Biophotonics Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Binwu Tang
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Yarong Wang
- Department of Anatomy and Structural Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Gruss-Lipper Biophotonics Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Integrated Imaging Program, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Camille L Duran
- Department of Anatomy and Structural Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - George S Karagiannis
- Department of Anatomy and Structural Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Integrated Imaging Program, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Emily A Xue
- Department of Anatomy and Structural Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - David Entenberg
- Department of Anatomy and Structural Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Gruss-Lipper Biophotonics Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Integrated Imaging Program, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Lucia Borriello
- Department of Anatomy and Structural Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Anouchka Coste
- Department of Anatomy and Structural Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Department of Surgery, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Robert J Eddy
- Department of Anatomy and Structural Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Gina Kim
- Department of Anatomy and Structural Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Xianjun Ye
- Department of Anatomy and Structural Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Joan G Jones
- Department of Anatomy and Structural Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Integrated Imaging Program, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Department of Pathology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Eli Grunblatt
- Department of Biology, Yeshiva University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Nathan Agi
- Department of Biology, Yeshiva University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sweta Roy
- Department of Biology, Yeshiva University, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Esther Adler
- Department of Pathology, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Chinmay R Surve
- Department of Anatomy and Structural Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Integrated Imaging Program, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Dominic Esposito
- Protein Expression Laboratory, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Sumanta Goswami
- Department of Anatomy and Structural Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Department of Biology, Yeshiva University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jeffrey E Segall
- Department of Anatomy and Structural Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Gruss-Lipper Biophotonics Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Wenjun Guo
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Ruth L. and David S. Gottesman Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - John S Condeelis
- Department of Anatomy and Structural Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA.
- Gruss-Lipper Biophotonics Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA.
- Integrated Imaging Program, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA.
- Department of Surgery, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA.
| | - Lalage M Wakefield
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | - Maja H Oktay
- Department of Anatomy and Structural Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA.
- Gruss-Lipper Biophotonics Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA.
- Integrated Imaging Program, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA.
- Department of Pathology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA.
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9
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Sharma VP, Williams J, Leung E, Sanders J, Eddy R, Castracane J, Oktay MH, Entenberg D, Condeelis JS. SUN-MKL1 Crosstalk Regulates Nuclear Deformation and Fast Motility of Breast Carcinoma Cells in Fibrillar ECM Microenvironment. Cells 2021; 10:1549. [PMID: 34205257 PMCID: PMC8234170 DOI: 10.3390/cells10061549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Aligned collagen fibers provide topography for the rapid migration of single tumor cells (streaming migration) to invade the surrounding stroma, move within tumor nests towards blood vessels to intravasate and form distant metastases. Mechanisms of tumor cell motility have been studied extensively in the 2D context, but the mechanistic understanding of rapid single tumor cell motility in the in vivo context is still lacking. Here, we show that streaming tumor cells in vivo use collagen fibers with diameters below 3 µm. Employing 1D migration assays with matching in vivo fiber dimensions, we found a dependence of tumor cell motility on 1D substrate width, with cells moving the fastest and the most persistently on the narrowest 1D fibers (700 nm-2.5 µm). Interestingly, we also observed nuclear deformation in the absence of restricting extracellular matrix pores during high speed carcinoma cell migration in 1D, similar to the nuclear deformation observed in tumor cells in vivo. Further, we found that actomyosin machinery is aligned along the 1D axis and actomyosin contractility synchronously regulates cell motility and nuclear deformation. To further investigate the link between cell speed and nuclear deformation, we focused on the Linker of Nucleoskeleton and Cytoskeleton (LINC) complex proteins and SRF-MKL1 signaling, key regulators of mechanotransduction, actomyosin contractility and actin-based cell motility. Analysis of The Cancer Genome Atlas dataset showed a dramatic decrease in the LINC complex proteins SUN1 and SUN2 in primary tumor compared to the normal tissue. Disruption of LINC complex by SUN1 + 2 KD led to multi-lobular elongated nuclei, increased tumor cell motility and concomitant increase in F-actin, without affecting Lamin proteins. Mechanistically, we found that MKL1, an effector of changes in cellular G-actin to F-actin ratio, is required for increased 1D motility seen in SUN1 + 2 KD cells. Thus, we demonstrate a previously unrecognized crosstalk between SUN proteins and MKL1 transcription factor in modulating nuclear shape and carcinoma cell motility in an in vivo relevant 1D microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ved P. Sharma
- Anatomy and Structural Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA; (E.L.); (R.E.); (M.H.O.); (D.E.)
- Gruss Lipper Biophotonics Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - James Williams
- Colleges of Nanoscale Science and Engineering, SUNY Polytechnic Institute, Albany, NY 12203, USA; (J.W.); (J.S.); (J.C.)
| | - Edison Leung
- Anatomy and Structural Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA; (E.L.); (R.E.); (M.H.O.); (D.E.)
| | - Joe Sanders
- Colleges of Nanoscale Science and Engineering, SUNY Polytechnic Institute, Albany, NY 12203, USA; (J.W.); (J.S.); (J.C.)
| | - Robert Eddy
- Anatomy and Structural Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA; (E.L.); (R.E.); (M.H.O.); (D.E.)
| | - James Castracane
- Colleges of Nanoscale Science and Engineering, SUNY Polytechnic Institute, Albany, NY 12203, USA; (J.W.); (J.S.); (J.C.)
| | - Maja H. Oktay
- Anatomy and Structural Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA; (E.L.); (R.E.); (M.H.O.); (D.E.)
- Gruss Lipper Biophotonics Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
- Integrated Imaging Program, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
- Department of Pathology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - David Entenberg
- Anatomy and Structural Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA; (E.L.); (R.E.); (M.H.O.); (D.E.)
- Gruss Lipper Biophotonics Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
- Integrated Imaging Program, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - John S. Condeelis
- Anatomy and Structural Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA; (E.L.); (R.E.); (M.H.O.); (D.E.)
- Gruss Lipper Biophotonics Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
- Integrated Imaging Program, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
- Department of Surgery, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
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10
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Suárez-Arriaga MC, Méndez-Tenorio A, Pérez-Koldenkova V, Fuentes-Pananá EM. Claudin-Low Breast Cancer Inflammatory Signatures Support Polarization of M1-Like Macrophages with Protumoral Activity. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:2248. [PMID: 34067089 PMCID: PMC8125772 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13092248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We previously reported that triple-negative breast cancer (BRCA) cells overexpress the cytokines GM-CSF, G-CSF, MCP-1, and RANTES, and when monocytes were 3-D co-cultured with them, M1-like macrophages were generated with the ability to induce aggressive features in luminal BRCA cell lines. These include upregulation of mesenchymal and stemness markers and invasion. In this study, we stimulated peripheral blood monocytes with the four cytokines and confirmed their capacity to generate protumoral M1-like macrophages. Using the METABRIC BRCA database, we observed that GM-CSF, MCP-1, and RANTES are associated with triple-negative BRCA and reduced overall survival, particularly in patients under 55 years of age. We propose an extended M1-like macrophage proinflammatory signature connected with these three cytokines. We found that the extended M1-like macrophage signature coexists with monocyte/macrophage, Th1 immune response, and immunosuppressive signatures, and all are enriched in claudin-low BRCA samples, and correlate with reduced patient overall survival. Furthermore, we observed that all these signatures are also present in mesenchymal carcinomas of the colon (COAD) and bladder (BLCA). The claudin-low tumor subtype has an adverse clinical outcome and remains poorly understood. This study places M1 macrophages as potential protumoral drivers in already established cancers, and as potential contributors to claudin-low aggressiveness and poor prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayra Cecilia Suárez-Arriaga
- Unidad de Investigación en Virología y Cáncer, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, Mexico City 06720, Mexico;
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología y Bioinformática Genómica, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City 11340, Mexico;
| | - Alfonso Méndez-Tenorio
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología y Bioinformática Genómica, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City 11340, Mexico;
| | - Vadim Pérez-Koldenkova
- Laboratorio Nacional de Microscopía Avanzada, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City 06720, Mexico;
| | - Ezequiel M. Fuentes-Pananá
- Unidad de Investigación en Virología y Cáncer, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, Mexico City 06720, Mexico;
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11
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Wang N, Wang S, Wang X, Zheng Y, Yang B, Zhang J, Pan B, Gao J, Wang Z. Research trends in pharmacological modulation of tumor-associated macrophages. Clin Transl Med 2021; 11:e288. [PMID: 33463063 PMCID: PMC7805405 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Revised: 12/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
As one of the most abundant immune cell populations in the tumor microenvironment (TME), tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) play important roles in multiple solid malignancies, including breast cancer, prostate cancer, liver cancer, lung cancer, ovarian cancer, gastric cancer, pancreatic cancer, and colorectal cancer. TAMs could contribute to carcinogenesis, neoangiogenesis, immune-suppressive TME remodeling, cancer chemoresistance, recurrence, and metastasis. Therefore, reprogramming of the immune-suppressive TAMs by pharmacological approaches has attracted considerable research attention in recent years. In this review, the promising pharmaceutical targets, as well as the existing modulatory strategies of TAMs were summarized. The chemokine-chemokine receptor signaling, tyrosine kinase receptor signaling, metabolic signaling, and exosomal signaling have been highlighted in determining the biological functions of TAMs. Besides, both preclinical research and clinical trials have suggested the chemokine-chemokine receptor blockers, tyrosine kinase inhibitors, bisphosphonates, as well as the exosomal or nanoparticle-based targeting delivery systems as the promising pharmacological approaches for TAMs deletion or reprogramming. Lastly, the combined therapies of TAMs-targeting strategies with traditional treatments or immunotherapies as well as the exosome-like nanovesicles for cancer therapy are prospected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neng Wang
- The Research Center for Integrative MedicineSchool of Basic Medical SciencesGuangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhouGuangdongChina
- The Research Center of Integrative Cancer MedicineDiscipline of Integrated Chinese and Western MedicineThe Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhouGuangdongChina
- Guangdong‐Hong Kong‐Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease ResearchGuangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhouGuangdongChina
| | - Shengqi Wang
- The Research Center of Integrative Cancer MedicineDiscipline of Integrated Chinese and Western MedicineThe Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhouGuangdongChina
- Guangdong‐Hong Kong‐Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease ResearchGuangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhouGuangdongChina
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine SyndromeGuangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese MedicineGuangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesGuangzhouGuangdongChina
| | - Xuan Wang
- The Research Center of Integrative Cancer MedicineDiscipline of Integrated Chinese and Western MedicineThe Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhouGuangdongChina
- Guangdong‐Hong Kong‐Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease ResearchGuangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhouGuangdongChina
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine SyndromeGuangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese MedicineGuangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesGuangzhouGuangdongChina
| | - Yifeng Zheng
- The Research Center of Integrative Cancer MedicineDiscipline of Integrated Chinese and Western MedicineThe Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhouGuangdongChina
- Guangdong‐Hong Kong‐Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease ResearchGuangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhouGuangdongChina
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine SyndromeGuangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese MedicineGuangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesGuangzhouGuangdongChina
| | - Bowen Yang
- The Research Center of Integrative Cancer MedicineDiscipline of Integrated Chinese and Western MedicineThe Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhouGuangdongChina
- Guangdong‐Hong Kong‐Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease ResearchGuangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhouGuangdongChina
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine SyndromeGuangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese MedicineGuangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesGuangzhouGuangdongChina
| | - Juping Zhang
- The Research Center of Integrative Cancer MedicineDiscipline of Integrated Chinese and Western MedicineThe Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhouGuangdongChina
- Guangdong‐Hong Kong‐Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease ResearchGuangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhouGuangdongChina
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine SyndromeGuangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese MedicineGuangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesGuangzhouGuangdongChina
| | - Bo Pan
- The Research Center of Integrative Cancer MedicineDiscipline of Integrated Chinese and Western MedicineThe Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhouGuangdongChina
- Guangdong‐Hong Kong‐Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease ResearchGuangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhouGuangdongChina
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine SyndromeGuangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese MedicineGuangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesGuangzhouGuangdongChina
| | - Jianli Gao
- Academy of Traditional Chinese MedicineZhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Zhiyu Wang
- The Research Center for Integrative MedicineSchool of Basic Medical SciencesGuangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhouGuangdongChina
- The Research Center of Integrative Cancer MedicineDiscipline of Integrated Chinese and Western MedicineThe Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhouGuangdongChina
- Guangdong‐Hong Kong‐Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease ResearchGuangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhouGuangdongChina
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine SyndromeGuangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese MedicineGuangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesGuangzhouGuangdongChina
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12
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Luo CY, Natividad RJ, Lalli ML, Asthagiri AR. Multivariate relationships among nucleus and Golgi properties during fibrillar migration are robust to and unchanged by epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0239188. [PMID: 32946467 PMCID: PMC7500656 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0239188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and maturation of a fibrillar tumor microenvironment play important roles in breast cancer progression. A better understanding of how these events promote cancer cell migration and invasion could help identify new strategies to curb metastasis. The nucleus and Golgi affect migration in a microenvironment-dependent manner. Nucleus size and mechanics influence the ability of a cell to squeeze through confined tumor microenvironments. Golgi positioning determines front-rear polarity necessary for migration. While the roles of individual attributes of nucleus and Golgi in migration are being clarified, how their manifold features are inter-related and work together remains to be understood at a systems level. Here, to elucidate relationships among nucleus and Golgi properties, we quantified twelve morphological and positional properties of these organelles during fibrillar migration of human mammary epithelial cells. Principal component analysis (PCA) reduced the twelve-dimensional space of measured properties to three principal components that capture 75% of the variations in organelle features. Unexpectedly, nucleus and Golgi properties that co-varied in a PCA model built with data from untreated cells were largely similar to co-variations identified using data from TGFβ-treated cells. Thus, while TGFβ-mediated EMT significantly alters gene expression and motile phenotype, it did not significantly affect the relationships among nucleus size, aspect ratio and orientation with migration direction and among Golgi size and nucleus-Golgi separation distance. Indeed, in a combined PCA model incorporating data from untreated and TGFβ-treated cells, scores of individual cells occupy overlapping regions in principal component space, indicating that TGFβ-mediated EMT does not promote a unique “Golgi-nucleus phenotype” during fibrillar migration. These results suggest that migration along spatially-confined fiber-like tracks employs a conserved nucleus-Golgi arrangement that is independent of EMT state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Y. Luo
- Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Robert J. Natividad
- Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Mark L. Lalli
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Anand R. Asthagiri
- Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, United States of America
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, United States of America
- Department of Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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13
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Shao Y, Lu B. The crosstalk between circular RNAs and the tumor microenvironment in cancer metastasis. Cancer Cell Int 2020; 20:448. [PMID: 32943996 PMCID: PMC7488731 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-020-01532-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Carcinomas are highly heterogeneous with regard to various cancer cells within a tumor microenvironment (TME), which is composed of stromal cells, blood vessels, immunocytes, and modified extracellular matrix. Focus of the study Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are non-coding RNAs that are expressed in cancer and stromal cells. They are closely associated with cancer metastasis as their expression in tumor cells directs the latter to migrate to different organs. circRNAs packaged in exosomes might be involved in this process. This is particularly important as the TME acts in tandem with cancer cells to enhance their proliferation and metastatic capability. In this review, we focus on recent studies on the crosstalk between circRNAs and the TME during cancer metastasis. Conclusion We particularly emphasize the roles of the interaction between circRNAs and the TME in anoikis resistance, vessel co-option, and local circRNA expression in directing homing of exosome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Shao
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang China
| | - Bingjian Lu
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang China
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14
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Role of Collagen Fiber Morphology on Ovarian Cancer Cell Migration Using Image-Based Models of the Extracellular Matrix. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12061390. [PMID: 32481580 PMCID: PMC7352517 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12061390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Revised: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Remodeling of the extracellular matrix (ECM) is an important part in the development and progression of many epithelial cancers. However, the biological significance of collagen alterations in ovarian cancer has not been well established. Here we investigated the role of collagen fiber morphology on cancer cell migration using tissue engineered scaffolds based on high-resolution Second-Harmonic Generation (SHG) images of ovarian tumors. The collagen-based scaffolds are fabricated by multiphoton excited (MPE) polymerization, which is a freeform 3D method affording submicron resolution feature sizes (~0.5 µm). This capability allows the replication of the collagen fiber architecture, where we constructed models representing normal stroma, high-risk tissue, benign tumors, and high-grade tumors. These were seeded with normal and ovarian cancer cell lines to investigate the separate roles of the cell type and matrix morphology on migration dynamics. The primary finding is that key cell–matrix interactions such as motility, cell spreading, f-actin alignment, focal adhesion, and cadherin expression are mainly determined by the collagen fiber morphology to a larger extent than the initial cell type. Moreover, we found these aspects were all enhanced for cells on the highly aligned, high-grade tumor model. Conversely, the weakest corresponding responses were observed on the more random mesh-like normal stromal matrix, with the partially aligned benign tumor and high-risk models demonstrating intermediate behavior. These results are all consistent with a contact guidance mechanism. These models cannot be synthesized by other conventional fabrication methods, and we suggest this approach will enable a variety of studies in cancer biology.
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15
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Bahcecioglu G, Basara G, Ellis BW, Ren X, Zorlutuna P. Breast cancer models: Engineering the tumor microenvironment. Acta Biomater 2020; 106:1-21. [PMID: 32045679 PMCID: PMC7185577 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2020.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Revised: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The mechanisms behind cancer initiation and progression are not clear. Therefore, development of clinically relevant models to study cancer biology and drug response in tumors is essential. In vivo models are very valuable tools for studying cancer biology and for testing drugs; however, they often suffer from not accurately representing the clinical scenario because they lack either human cells or a functional immune system. On the other hand, two-dimensional (2D) in vitro models lack the three-dimensional (3D) network of cells and extracellular matrix (ECM) and thus do not represent the tumor microenvironment (TME). As an alternative approach, 3D models have started to gain more attention, as such models offer a platform with the ability to study cell-cell and cell-material interactions parametrically, and possibly include all the components present in the TME. Here, we first give an overview of the breast cancer TME, and then discuss the current state of the pre-clinical breast cancer models, with a focus on the engineered 3D tissue models. We also highlight two engineering approaches that we think are promising in constructing models representative of human tumors: 3D printing and microfluidics. In addition to giving basic information about the TME in the breast tissue, this review article presents the state-of-the-art tissue engineered breast cancer models. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Involvement of biomaterials and tissue engineering fields in cancer research enables realistic mimicry of the cell-cell and cell-extracellular matrix (ECM) interactions in the tumor microenvironment (TME), and thus creation of better models that reflect the tumor response against drugs. Engineering the 3D in vitro models also requires a good understanding of the TME. Here, an overview of the breast cancer TME is given, and the current state of the pre-clinical breast cancer models, with a focus on the engineered 3D tissue models is discussed. This review article is useful not only for biomaterials scientists aiming to engineer 3D in vitro TME models, but also for cancer researchers willing to use these models for studying cancer biology and drug testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gokhan Bahcecioglu
- Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, United States
| | - Gozde Basara
- Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, United States
| | - Bradley W Ellis
- Bioengineering Graduate Program, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, United States
| | - Xiang Ren
- Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, United States
| | - Pinar Zorlutuna
- Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, United States; Bioengineering Graduate Program, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, United States; Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, United States; Harper Cancer Research Institute, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, United States.
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16
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Li L, Han Z, Qiu L, Kang D, Zhan Z, Tu H, Chen J. Label-free multiphoton imaging to assess neoadjuvant therapy responses in breast carcinoma. Int J Biol Sci 2020; 16:1376-1387. [PMID: 32210726 PMCID: PMC7085226 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.41579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 02/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Neoadjuvant chemotherapy has been used increasingly in patients with early-stage or locally advanced breast carcinoma, and has been recommended as a general approach in locally advanced-stage diseases. Assessing therapy response could offer prognostic information to help determine subsequent nursing plan; particularly it is essential to identify responders and non-responders for the sake of helping develop follow-up treatment strategies. However, at present, diagnostic accuracy of preoperative clinical examination are still not satisfactory. Here we presented an alternate approach to monitor tumor and stroma changes associated with neoadjuvant therapy responses in breast carcinoma, with a great potential for becoming a new diagnostic tool—multiphoton microscopy. Imaging results showed that multiphoton imaging techniques have the ability to label-freely visualize tumor response such as tumor necrosis, and stromal response including fibrosis, mucinous response, inflammatory response as well as vascular hyperplasia in situ at cellular and subcellular levels. Moreover, using automated image analysis and a set of scoring methods, we found significant differences in the area of cell nucleus and in the content of collagen fibers between the pre-treatment and post-treatment breast carcinoma tissues. In summary, this study was conducted to pathologically evaluate the response of breast carcinoma to preoperative chemotherapy as well as to assess the efficacy of multiphoton microscopy in detecting these pathological changes, and experimental results demonstrated that this microscope may be a promising tool for label-free, real-time assessment of treatment response without the use of any exogenous contrast agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lianhuang Li
- Key Laboratory of OptoElectronic Science and Technology for Medicine of Ministry of Education, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Photonics Technology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, P. R. China
| | - Zhonghua Han
- Department of Breast Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, P. R. China
| | - Lida Qiu
- Key Laboratory of OptoElectronic Science and Technology for Medicine of Ministry of Education, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Photonics Technology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, P. R. China.,College of Physics and Electronic Information Engineering, Minjiang University, Fuzhou 350108, P. R. China
| | - Deyong Kang
- Department of Pathology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, P. R. China
| | - Zhenlin Zhan
- Key Laboratory of OptoElectronic Science and Technology for Medicine of Ministry of Education, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Photonics Technology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, P. R. China
| | - Haohua Tu
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Jianxin Chen
- Key Laboratory of OptoElectronic Science and Technology for Medicine of Ministry of Education, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Photonics Technology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, P. R. China
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17
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Guided migration analyses at the single-clone level uncover cellular targets of interest in tumor-associated myeloid-derived suppressor cell populations. Sci Rep 2020; 10:1189. [PMID: 31988310 PMCID: PMC6985212 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-57941-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are immune cells that exert immunosuppression within the tumor, protecting cancer cells from the host’s immune system and/or exogenous immunotherapies. While current research has been mostly focused in countering MDSC-driven immunosuppression, little is known about the mechanisms by which MDSCs disseminate/infiltrate cancerous tissue. This study looks into the use of microtextured surfaces, coupled with in vitro and in vivo cellular and molecular analysis tools, to videoscopically evaluate the dissemination patterns of MDSCs under structurally guided migration, at the single-cell level. MDSCs exhibited topographically driven migration, showing significant intra- and inter-population differences in motility, with velocities reaching ~40 μm h−1. Downstream analyses coupled with single-cell migration uncovered the presence of specific MDSC subpopulations with different degrees of tumor-infiltrating and anti-inflammatory capabilities. Granulocytic MDSCs showed a ~≥3-fold increase in maximum dissemination velocities and traveled distances, and a ~10-fold difference in the expression of pro- and anti-inflammatory markers. Prolonged culture also revealed that purified subpopulations of MDSCs exhibit remarkable plasticity, with homogeneous/sorted subpopulations giving rise to heterogenous cultures that represented the entire hierarchy of MDSC phenotypes within 7 days. These studies point towards the granulocytic subtype as a potential cellular target of interest given their superior dissemination ability and enhanced anti-inflammatory activity.
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18
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Zebrafish Avatars towards Personalized Medicine-A Comparative Review between Avatar Models. Cells 2020; 9:cells9020293. [PMID: 31991800 PMCID: PMC7072137 DOI: 10.3390/cells9020293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Revised: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer frequency and prevalence have been increasing in the past decades, with devastating impacts on patients and their families. Despite the great advances in targeted approaches, there is still a lack of methods to predict individual patient responses, and therefore treatments are tailored according to average response rates. “Omics” approaches are used for patient stratification and choice of therapeutic options towards a more precise medicine. These methods, however, do not consider all genetic and non-genetic dynamic interactions that occur upon drug treatment. Therefore, the need to directly challenge patient cells in a personalized manner remains. The present review addresses the state of the art of patient-derived in vitro and in vivo models, from organoids to mouse and zebrafish Avatars. The predictive power of each model based on the retrospective correlation with the patient clinical outcome will be considered. Finally, the review is focused on the emerging zebrafish Avatars and their unique characteristics allowing a fast analysis of local and systemic effects of drug treatments at the single-cell level. We also address the technical challenges that the field has yet to overcome.
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19
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Chen Z, Guo W, Kang D, Wang S, Zheng L, Xi G, Lian Y, Wang C, Chen J. Label-Free Identification of Early Stages of Breast Ductal Carcinoma via Multiphoton Microscopy. SCANNING 2020; 2020:9670514. [PMID: 32454928 PMCID: PMC7154972 DOI: 10.1155/2020/9670514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer can be cured by early diagnosis. Appropriate and effective clinical treatment benefits from accurate pathological diagnosis. However, due to the lack of effective screening and diagnostic imaging methods, early stages of breast cancer often progress to malignant breast cancer. In this study, multiphoton microscopy (MPM) via two-photon excited fluorescence combined with second-harmonic generation was used for identifying the early stages of breast ductal carcinoma. The results showed differences in both cytological features and collagen distribution among normal breast tissue, atypical ductal hyperplasia, low-grade ductal carcinoma in situ, and high-grade ductal carcinoma in situ with microinvasion. Furthermore, three features extracted from the MPM images were used to describe differences in cytological features, collagen density, and basement membrane circumference in the early stages of breast ductal carcinoma. They revealed that MPM has the ability to identify early stages of breast ductal carcinoma label-free, which would contribute to the early diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer. This study may provide the groundwork for the further application of MPM in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong Chen
- Key Laboratory of OptoElectronic Science and Technology for Medicine of Ministry of Education, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Photonics Technology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China
| | - Wenhui Guo
- Department of Breast Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, China
| | - Deyong Kang
- Department of Pathology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, China
| | - Shu Wang
- College of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China
| | - Liqin Zheng
- Key Laboratory of OptoElectronic Science and Technology for Medicine of Ministry of Education, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Photonics Technology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China
| | - Gangqin Xi
- Key Laboratory of OptoElectronic Science and Technology for Medicine of Ministry of Education, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Photonics Technology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China
| | - Yuane Lian
- Department of Pathology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, China
| | - Chuan Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, China
| | - Jianxin Chen
- Key Laboratory of OptoElectronic Science and Technology for Medicine of Ministry of Education, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Photonics Technology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China
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20
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Alkmin S, Brodziski R, Simon H, Hinton D, Goldsmith RH, Patankar M, Campagnola P. Migration dynamics of ovarian epithelial cells on micro-fabricated image-based models of normal and malignant stroma. Acta Biomater 2019; 100:92-104. [PMID: 31568876 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2019.09.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Revised: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
A profound remodeling of the collagen in the extracellular matrix (ECM) occurs in human ovarian cancer but it is unknown how this affects migration dynamics and ultimately tumor growth. Here, we investigate the influence of collagen morphology on ovarian cell migration through the use of second harmonic generation (SHG) image-based models of ovarian tumors. The scaffolds are fabricated by multiphoton excited (MPE) polymerization, where the process is akin to 3D printing except it achieves much greater resolution (∼0.5 µm) and utilizes collagen and collagen analogs. We used this technique to create scaffolds with complex 3D submicron features representing the collagen fiber morphology in normal stroma, high risk stroma, benign tumors, and high grade ovarian tumors. We found the highly aligned malignant stromal structure promoted enhanced motility and also increased cell and f-Actin alignment relative to the other tissues. However, using models based on fiber crimping characteristics, we found cells seeded on linear fibers based on normal stromal models yielded the highest degree of alignment but least motility. These results show that both the fiber properties themselves and as well as their overall alignment govern the resulting migration dynamics. These models cannot be synthesized by other conventional fabrication methods and we suggest the MPE image-based fabrication method will enable a variety of studies in cancer biology. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: The extracellular matrix collagen in ovarian cancer is highly remodeled but the consequences on cell function remain unknown. It is important to understand the operative cell matrix interactions, as this could lead to better prognostics and better prediction of therapeutic efficacy. We probe migration dynamics using high resolution (∼0.5 µm) multiphoton excited fabrication to synthesize scaffolds whose designs are derived directly from Second Harmonic Generation microscope images of the collagen in normal ovarian tissues as well as benign and malignant tumors. Collectively our results show the importance of the matrix morphology (fiber shape and alignment) on driving cell motility, cell shape and f-Actin alignment. These collagen-based models have complex fiber morphology and cannot be created by conventional fabrication technologies.
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21
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Carvalho R, Paredes J, Ribeiro AS. Impact of breast cancer cells´ secretome on the brain metastatic niche remodeling. Semin Cancer Biol 2019; 60:294-301. [PMID: 31711993 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2019.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2019] [Revised: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Brain metastases occur in approximately 10-20% of patients with metastatic breast cancer showing a very poor overall survival. Curiously, different molecular subtypes (that show specific gene expression signatures and differential prognostic significance) are associated with different risks for brain metastases development, suggesting that cancer cells harbor specific molecular programs that award them intrinsic advantages to survive in this specific foreign tissue. Emerging data has been revealing that biophysical and/or mechanical properties of the brain extracellular matrix (ECM), along with those of the brain resident cells, play a crucial role in creating the best conditions for survival, colonization and outgrowth of breast cancer cells in this distinct microenvironment. Although several reports show that cancer cells modulate metastatic niches way before they reach the target organ, few data exist for the brain metastatic niche. Indeed, little is known concerning how factors secreted by cancer cells activate brain resident cells and/or modify brain ECM biomechanical properties and how these modifications impact cells´ ability to metastasize the brain. The brain is a particular organ, protected by the blood brain barrier (BBB), and containing exclusive functional units and very special cell types. Additionally, it is the organ with the most singular ECM and biomechanical properties. Thus, this cancer cell-brain metastatic niche interaction must present distinct properties. Consequently, the search for putative molecular markers that modulate the brain pre-metastatic niche, thus promoting the successful metastatic homing of cancer cells, is urgently needed. In this review, we will discuss key aspects regarding breast cancer cells and the brain pre-metastatic niche paracrine communication that is crucial to initiate the metastatic cascade. We will focus on cancer cell`s secretome influence into the brain microenvironment, specifically on its impact on tissue mechanics and on brain resident cells as regulators of the pre-metastatic niche formation, ultimately promoting metastatic colonization.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - J Paredes
- i3S/IPATIMUP, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal
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22
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Li X, He S, Xu J, Li P, Ji B. Cooperative Contraction Behaviors of a One-Dimensional Cell Chain. Biophys J 2019; 115:554-564. [PMID: 30089244 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2018.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2018] [Revised: 06/01/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Collective behaviors of multiple cells play important roles in various physiological and pathological processes, but the mechanisms of coordination among cells are highly unknown. Here, we build a one-dimensional cell-chain model to quantitatively study cell cooperativity. Combining experimental and theoretical approaches, we showed that the matrix stiffness, intercellular adhesion strength, and cell-chain length have a significant effect on the cooperative contraction of the cell chains. Cells have strong cooperativity, i.e., exhibiting a united contraction mode, in shorter cell chains or on softer matrix or with higher intercellular adhesion strength. In contrast, cells would exhibit a divided contraction when the cell chain was long or on stiffer matrix or with weaker adhesion strength. In addition, our quantitative results indicated that the cooperativity of cells is regulated by the coupling between matrix stiffness and intercellular adhesion, which can be quantified by an explicit parameter group. These results may provide guidelines for regulating the cooperativity of cells in their collective behaviors in tissue morphogenesis and tissue engineering in biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojun Li
- Biomechanics and Biomaterials Laboratory, School of Aerospace Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Shijie He
- Biomechanics and Biomaterials Laboratory, School of Aerospace Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Jiayi Xu
- Biomechanics and Biomaterials Laboratory, School of Aerospace Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Peiliu Li
- Biomechanics and Biomaterials Laboratory, School of Aerospace Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Baohua Ji
- Biomechanics and Biomaterials Laboratory, Department of Engineering Mechanics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
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23
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Azimzade Y, Saberi AA, Sahimi M. Regulation of migration of chemotactic tumor cells by the spatial distribution of collagen fiber orientation. Phys Rev E 2019; 99:062414. [PMID: 31330715 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.99.062414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Collagen fibers, an important component of the extracellular matrix (ECM), can both inhibit and promote cellular migration. In vitro studies have revealed that the fibers' orientations are crucial to cellular invasion, while in vivo investigations have led to the development of tumor-associated collagen signatures (TACS) as an important prognostic factor. Studying biophysical regulation of cell invasion and the effect of the fibers' orientation not only deepens our understanding of the phenomenon, but also helps classify the TACSs precisely, which is currently lacking. We present a stochastic model for random or chemotactic migration of cells in fibrous ECM, and study the role of the various factors in it. The model provides a framework for quantitative classification of the TACSs, and reproduces quantitatively recent experimental data for cell motility. It also indicates that the spatial distribution of the fibers' orientations and extended correlations between them, hitherto ignored, as well as dynamics of cellular motion all contribute to regulation of the cells' invasion length, which represents a measure of metastatic risk. Although the fibers' orientations trivially affect randomly moving cells, their effect on chemotactic cells is completely nontrivial and unexplored, which we study in this paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youness Azimzade
- Department of Physics, The University of Tehran, Tehran 14395-547, Iran
| | - Abbas Ali Saberi
- Department of Physics, The University of Tehran, Tehran 14395-547, Iran
| | - Muhammad Sahimi
- Mork Family Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089-1211, USA
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24
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Laviron M, Combadière C, Boissonnas A. Tracking Monocytes and Macrophages in Tumors With Live Imaging. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1201. [PMID: 31214174 PMCID: PMC6555099 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
In most cancers, myeloid cells represent the major component of the immune microenvironment. Deciphering the impact of these cells on tumor growth and in response to various anti-tumor therapies is a key issue. Many studies have elucidated the role of tumor-associated monocytes and tumor-associated macrophages (TAM) in tumor development, angiogenesis, and therapeutic failure. In contrast, tumor dendritic cells (DC) are associated with tumor antigen uptake and T-cell priming. Myeloid subpopulations display differences in ontogeny, state of differentiation and distribution within the neoplastic tissue, making them difficult to study. The development of high-dimensional genomic and cytometric analyses has unveiled the large functional diversity of myeloid cells. Important fundamental insights on the biology of myeloid cells have also been provided by a boom in functional fluorescent imaging techniques, in particular for TAM. These approaches allow the tracking of cell behavior in native physiological environments, incorporating spatio-temporal dimensions in the study of their functional activity. Nevertheless, tracking myeloid cells within the TME remains a challenging process as many markers overlap between monocytes, macrophages, DC, and neutrophils. Therefore, perfect discrimination between myeloid subsets remains impossible to date. Herein we review the specific functions of myeloid cells in tumor development unveiled by image-based tracking, the limits of fluorescent reporters commonly used to accurately track specific myeloid cells, and novel combinations of myeloid-associated fluorescent reporters that better discriminate the relative contributions of these cells to tumor biology according to their origin and tissue localization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Laviron
- Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses CIMI, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Inserm, Paris, France
| | - Christophe Combadière
- Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses CIMI, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Inserm, Paris, France
| | - Alexandre Boissonnas
- Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses CIMI, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Inserm, Paris, France
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25
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Li L, Kang D, Huang Z, Zhan Z, Feng C, Zhou Y, Tu H, Zhuo S, Chen J. Multimodal multiphoton imaging for label-free monitoring of early gastric cancer. BMC Cancer 2019; 19:295. [PMID: 30940105 PMCID: PMC6444446 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-019-5497-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Early gastric cancer is associated with a much better prognosis than advanced disease, and strategies to improve prognosis is strictly dependent on earlier detection and accurate diagnosis. Therefore, a label-free, non-invasive imaging technique that allows the precise identification of morphologic changes in early gastric cancer would be of considerable clinical interest. Methods In this study, multiphoton microscopy (MPM) using two-photon excited fluorescence combined with second-harmonic generation was used for the identification of early gastric cancer. Results This microscope was able to directly reveal improved cellular detail and stromal changes during the development of early gastric cancer. Furthermore, two features were quantified from MPM images to assess the cell change in size and stromal collagen change as gastric lesion developed from normal to early cancer. Conclusions These results clearly show that multiphoton microscopy can be used to examine early gastric cancer at the cellular level without the need for exogenous contrast agents. This study would be helpful for early diagnosis and treatment of gastric cancer, and may provide the groundwork for further exploration into the application of multiphoton microscopy in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lianhuang Li
- Key Laboratory of OptoElectronic Science and Technology for Medicine of Ministry of Education, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Photonics Technology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350007, People's Republic of China.
| | - Deyong Kang
- Department of Pathology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, 350001, People's Republic of China
| | - Zicheng Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Quanzhou Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, 362002, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenlin Zhan
- Key Laboratory of OptoElectronic Science and Technology for Medicine of Ministry of Education, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Photonics Technology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350007, People's Republic of China
| | - Changyin Feng
- Department of Pathology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, 350001, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongjian Zhou
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, 350001, People's Republic of China.
| | - Haohua Tu
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.
| | - Shuangmu Zhuo
- Key Laboratory of OptoElectronic Science and Technology for Medicine of Ministry of Education, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Photonics Technology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350007, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianxin Chen
- Key Laboratory of OptoElectronic Science and Technology for Medicine of Ministry of Education, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Photonics Technology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350007, People's Republic of China
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26
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Hanna SJ, McCoy-Simandle K, Leung E, Genna A, Condeelis J, Cox D. Tunneling nanotubes, a novel mode of tumor cell-macrophage communication in tumor cell invasion. J Cell Sci 2019; 132:jcs.223321. [PMID: 30659112 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.223321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Accepted: 12/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The interaction between tumor cells and macrophages is crucial in promoting tumor invasion and metastasis. In this study, we examined a novel mechanism of intercellular communication, namely membranous actin-based tunneling nanotubes (TNTs), that occurs between macrophages and tumor cells in the promotion of macrophage-dependent tumor cell invasion. The presence of heterotypic TNTs between macrophages and tumor cells induced invasive tumor cell morphology, which was dependent on EGF-EGFR signaling. Furthermore, reduction of a protein involved in TNT formation, M-Sec (TNFAIP2), in macrophages inhibited tumor cell elongation, blocked the ability of tumor cells to invade in 3D and reduced macrophage-dependent long-distance tumor cell streaming in vitro Using an in vivo zebrafish model that recreates macrophage-mediated tumor cell invasion, we observed TNT-mediated macrophage-dependent tumor cell invasion, distant metastatic foci and areas of metastatic spread. Overall, our studies support a role for TNTs as a novel means of interaction between tumor cells and macrophages that leads to tumor progression and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samer J Hanna
- Department of Anatomy and Structural Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Ave, Gruss MRRC 306, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Kessler McCoy-Simandle
- Department of Anatomy and Structural Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Ave, Gruss MRRC 306, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Edison Leung
- Department of Anatomy and Structural Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Ave, Gruss MRRC 306, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Alessandro Genna
- Department of Anatomy and Structural Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Ave, Gruss MRRC 306, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - John Condeelis
- Department of Anatomy and Structural Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Ave, Gruss MRRC 306, Bronx, NY 10461, USA.,Gruss-Lipper Biophotonics Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Ave, Gruss MRRC 306, Bronx, NY 10461, USA.,Integrated Imaging Program, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Ave, Gruss MRRC 306, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Dianne Cox
- Department of Anatomy and Structural Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Ave, Gruss MRRC 306, Bronx, NY 10461, USA .,Gruss-Lipper Biophotonics Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Ave, Gruss MRRC 306, Bronx, NY 10461, USA.,Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Ave, Gruss MRRC 306, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
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27
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Natividad RJ, Lalli ML, Muthuswamy SK, Asthagiri AR. Golgi Stabilization, Not Its Front-Rear Bias, Is Associated with EMT-Enhanced Fibrillar Migration. Biophys J 2018; 115:2067-2077. [PMID: 30366626 PMCID: PMC6343588 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2018.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2018] [Revised: 09/24/2018] [Accepted: 10/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and maturation of collagen fibrils in the tumor microenvironment play a significant role in cancer cell invasion and metastasis. Confinement along fiber-like tracks enhances cell migration. To what extent and in what manner EMT further promotes migration in a microenvironment already conducive to migration is poorly understood. Here, we show that TGFβ-mediated EMT significantly enhances migration on fiber-like micropatterned tracks of collagen, doubling migration speed and tripling persistence relative to untreated mammary epithelial cells. Thus, cell-intrinsic EMT and extrinsic fibrillar tracks have nonredundant effects on motility. To better understand EMT-enhanced fibrillar migration, we investigated the regulation of Golgi positioning, which is involved in front-rear polarization and persistent cell migration. Confinement along fiber-like tracks has been reported to favor posterior Golgi positioning, whereas anterior positioning is observed during 2-day wound healing. Although EMT also regulates cell polarity, little is known about its effect on Golgi positioning. Here, we show that EMT induces a 2:1 rearward bias in Golgi positioning; however, positional bias explains less than 2% of single-cell variability in migration speed and persistence. Meanwhile, EMT significantly stabilizes Golgi positioning. Cells that enhance migration in response to TGFβ maintain Golgi position for 2- to 4-fold longer than nonresponsive counterparts irrespective of whether the Golgi is ahead or behind the nucleus. In fact, 28% of TGFβ-responsive cells exhibit a fully committed Golgi phenotype with the organelle either in the anterior or posterior position for over 90% of the time. Furthermore, single-cell differences in Golgi stability capture up to 18% of variations in migration speed. These results suggest a hypothesis that the Golgi may be part of a core physical scaffold that affects how cell-generated forces are distributed during migration. A stable scaffold would be expected to more consistently and therefore more productively distribute forces over time, leading to efficient migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert J Natividad
- Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Mark L Lalli
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Senthil K Muthuswamy
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Anand R Asthagiri
- Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts.
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28
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Nobre AR, Entenberg D, Wang Y, Condeelis J, Aguirre-Ghiso JA. The Different Routes to Metastasis via Hypoxia-Regulated Programs. Trends Cell Biol 2018; 28:941-956. [PMID: 30041830 PMCID: PMC6214449 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcb.2018.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Revised: 06/28/2018] [Accepted: 06/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Hypoxia is linked to metastasis; however, how it affects metastatic progression is not clear due to limited consensus in the literature. We posit that this lack of consensus is due to hypoxia being studied using different approaches, such as in vitro, primary tumor, or metastasis assays in an isolated manner. Here, we review the pros and cons of in vitro hypoxia assays, highlight in vivo studies that inform on physiological hypoxia, and review the evidence that primary tumor hypoxia might influence the fate of disseminated tumor cells (DTCs) in secondary organs. Our analysis suggests that consensus can be reached by using in vivo methods of study, which also allow better modeling of how hypoxia affects DTC fate and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Rita Nobre
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Department of Otolaryngology, Department of Oncological Sciences, Tisch Cancer Institute, Black Family Stem Cell Institute, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY 10029, USA; Abel Salazar School of Biomedicine, Porto University, Porto, Portugal; These authors contributed equally
| | - David Entenberg
- Department of Anatomy and Structural Biology, Gruss Lipper Biophotonics Center, Integrated Imaging Program, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Ave, Bronx, NY 10461, USA; These authors contributed equally
| | - Yarong Wang
- Department of Anatomy and Structural Biology, Gruss Lipper Biophotonics Center, Integrated Imaging Program, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Ave, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - John Condeelis
- Department of Anatomy and Structural Biology, Gruss Lipper Biophotonics Center, Integrated Imaging Program, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Ave, Bronx, NY 10461, USA.
| | - Julio A Aguirre-Ghiso
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Department of Otolaryngology, Department of Oncological Sciences, Tisch Cancer Institute, Black Family Stem Cell Institute, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY 10029, USA.
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29
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Collective cell polarization and alignment on curved surfaces. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2018; 88:330-339. [PMID: 30196189 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2018.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2018] [Revised: 05/31/2018] [Accepted: 08/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Curvature as an important topological parameter of 3D extra-cellular matrix has drawn growing attention in recent years. But the underlying mechanism that curvature influences cell behaviors has remained unknown. In this study, we seeded cells on semi-cylindrical and hemispheric surfaces and tested cell alignment and polarization. We found that the surface curvature has profound effect on cell behaviors. With the decrease of diameter of the cylinder/sphere (i.e. increase of curvature), the cells would more preferentially align and polarize with large aspect ratio in the axial/peripheral direction. And the behaviors of the alignment and polarization were position-dependent. For example, at the end of the cylinder, the cells preferred to align circumferentially; while in the interior region, the cells preferred to align in the axial direction. We showed that the cell polarization and alignment were closely correlated with the in-plane stresses in cell layer. That is, the cell polarization and alignment were controlled by the maximum shear stress, which drove cells to align and polarize along the maximum principal stress. The curvature could influence the magnitude of the maximum shear stress and thus regulate cell behaviors. This study provided important insights into the mechanisms of surface curvature influencing cell behaviors in tissue morphogenesis. In addition, our theory of the stress dependent cellular polarity provides a generalized interpretation of the curvature and edge effects which might be extended to understand other steric effects in cell behaviors.
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30
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Intravital Imaging to Understand Spatiotemporal Regulation of Osteogenesis and Angiogenesis in Cranial Defect Repair and Regeneration. Methods Mol Biol 2018; 1842:229-239. [PMID: 30196414 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-8697-2_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Angiogenesis plays a critical role in skeletal repair and regeneration. Our understanding of the intricate relationship between osteogenesis and angiogenesis at a repair site has been hindered by the lack of an effective approach that allows tracking of bone healing and neovascularization simultaneously at a high spatiotemporal resolution in living animals. To overcome this barrier, we have recently established a cranial bone defect window chamber model in mice that enables high-resolution, four-dimensional imaging analyses of bone defect healing using multiphoton laser scanning microscopy (MPLSM). The windowed defect model confers imaging of the defect through both micro computed tomography (microCT) and MPLSM in vivo, facilitating lineage tracing and longitudinal analyses of osteogenesis and angiogenesis in repair. The windowed chamber model further permits insertion of cellular implants or bone graft materials, aiding in spatiotemporal analyses of the interactions between biomaterials and vascular microenvironment in living animals. In this chapter, we describe the improved technique for establishing the chronic cranial defect window chamber model for long-term imaging as well as the imaging analysis protocols for quantitative analyses of osteogenesis and angiogenesis at the site of bone defect repair.
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31
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TAMeless traitors: macrophages in cancer progression and metastasis. Br J Cancer 2017; 117:1583-1591. [PMID: 29065107 PMCID: PMC5729447 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2017.356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 428] [Impact Index Per Article: 61.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2017] [Revised: 08/14/2017] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophages are conventionally classified into M1 and M2 subtypes according to their differentiation status and functional role in the immune system. However, accumulating evidence suggests that this binary classification system is insufficient to account for the remarkable plasticity of macrophages that gives rise to an immense diversity of subtypes. This diverse spectrum of macrophage subtypes play critical roles in various homeostatic and immune functions, but remain far from being fully characterised. In addition to their roles in normal physiological conditions, macrophages also play crucial roles in disease conditions such as cancer. In this review, we discuss the roles tumour-associated macrophages (TAMs) play in regulating different steps of tumour progression and metastasis, and the opportunities to target them in the quest for cancer prevention and treatment.
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32
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Pagano PC, Tran LM, Bendris N, O'Byrne S, Tse HT, Sharma S, Hoech JW, Park SJ, Liclican EL, Jing Z, Li R, Krysan K, Paul MK, Fontebasso Y, Larsen JE, Hakimi S, Seki A, Fishbein MC, Gimzewski JK, Carlo DD, Minna JD, Walser TC, Dubinett SM. Identification of a Human Airway Epithelial Cell Subpopulation with Altered Biophysical, Molecular, and Metastatic Properties. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2017; 10:514-524. [PMID: 28754664 PMCID: PMC5584580 DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-16-0335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2016] [Revised: 05/12/2017] [Accepted: 07/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Lung cancers are documented to have remarkable intratumoral genetic heterogeneity. However, little is known about the heterogeneity of biophysical properties, such as cell motility, and its relationship to early disease pathogenesis and micrometastatic dissemination. In this study, we identified and selected a subpopulation of highly migratory premalignant airway epithelial cells that were observed to migrate through microscale constrictions at up to 100-fold the rate of the unselected immortalized epithelial cell lines. This enhanced migratory capacity was found to be Rac1-dependent and heritable, as evidenced by maintenance of the phenotype through multiple cell divisions continuing more than 8 weeks after selection. The morphology of this lung epithelial subpopulation was characterized by increased cell protrusion intensity. In a murine model of micrometastatic seeding and pulmonary colonization, the motility-selected premalignant cells exhibit both enhanced survival in short-term assays and enhanced outgrowth of premalignant lesions in longer-term assays, thus overcoming important aspects of "metastatic inefficiency." Overall, our findings indicate that among immortalized premalignant airway epithelial cell lines, subpopulations with heritable motility-related biophysical properties exist, and these may explain micrometastatic seeding occurring early in the pathogenesis of lung cancer. Understanding, targeting, and preventing these critical biophysical traits and their underlying molecular mechanisms may provide a new approach to prevent metastatic behavior. Cancer Prev Res; 10(9); 514-24. ©2017 AACRSee related editorial by Hynds and Janes, p. 491.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul C Pagano
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California
| | - Linh M Tran
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California
| | - Nawal Bendris
- Department of Cell Biology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Sean O'Byrne
- Department of Bioengineering, UCLA, Los Angeles, California
| | - Henry T Tse
- Department of Bioengineering, UCLA, Los Angeles, California
| | - Shivani Sharma
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, UCLA, Los Angeles, California
- California NanoSystems Institute, Los Angeles, California
| | - Jonathan W Hoech
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California
| | - Stacy J Park
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California
| | - Elvira L Liclican
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California
| | - Zhe Jing
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California
| | - Rui Li
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California
| | - Kostyantyn Krysan
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California
| | - Manash K Paul
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California
| | - Yari Fontebasso
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California
| | - Jill E Larsen
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Shaina Hakimi
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California
| | - Atsuko Seki
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California
| | - Michael C Fishbein
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California
| | - James K Gimzewski
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, UCLA, Los Angeles, California
- California NanoSystems Institute, Los Angeles, California
| | - Dino Di Carlo
- Department of Bioengineering, UCLA, Los Angeles, California
- California NanoSystems Institute, Los Angeles, California
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - John D Minna
- Hamon Center for Therapeutic Oncology Research and Departments of Medicine and Pharmacology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Tonya C Walser
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California
| | - Steven M Dubinett
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California.
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California
- California NanoSystems Institute, Los Angeles, California
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, California
- VA Greater Los Angeles Health Care System, Los Angeles, California
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33
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Hamilton G, Rath B. Circulating tumor cell interactions with macrophages: implications for biology and treatment. Transl Lung Cancer Res 2017; 6:418-430. [PMID: 28904886 DOI: 10.21037/tlcr.2017.07.04] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Cancer and metastasis are closely associated with inflammation. Macrophages are important effector cells in enhancing tumor proliferation, invasion and providing protection against the immune system. Despite advanced knowledge of tumor-macrophage interactions, the role of macrophages in emergence and invasion of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) is not known. A series of six CTC cell lines have been derived from blood of patients with extensive disease small cell lung cancer (ED-SCLC) in our lab, most likely representing a homogenous cell population of the actual metastasis-initiating cells (MIC) of CTCs. SCLC has an unfavorable prognosis due to rapid dissemination and early chemoresistant relapses. SCLC CTCs recruit macrophages and elicit secretion of various cytokines and the six CTC lines express chitinase-3-like-1 (CHI3L1), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP9) in abundance. CHI3L1 is cytokine/growth factor expressed in inflammation and cancer and found to be correlated to metastasis and a dismal prognosis. In conclusion, SCLC CTCs have acquired the essential means for aggressiveness and invasion in a tumor microenvironment specifically shaped by macrophages and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerhard Hamilton
- Department of Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Barbara Rath
- Department of Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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34
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Milano DF, Ngai NA, Muthuswamy SK, Asthagiri AR. Regulators of Metastasis Modulate the Migratory Response to Cell Contact under Spatial Confinement. Biophys J 2017; 110:1886-1895. [PMID: 27119647 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2016.02.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2015] [Revised: 02/19/2016] [Accepted: 02/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The breast tumor microenvironment (TMEN) is a unique niche where protein fibers help to promote invasion and metastasis. Cells migrating along these fibers are constantly interacting with each other. How cells respond to these interactions has important implications. Cancer cells that circumnavigate or slide around other cells on protein fibers take a less tortuous path out of the primary tumor; conversely, cells that turn back upon encountering other cells invade less efficiently. The contact response of migrating cancer cells in a fibrillar TMEN is poorly understood. Here, using high-aspect ratio micropatterns as a model fibrillar platform, we show that metastatic cells overcome spatial constraints to slide effectively on narrow fiber-like dimensions, whereas nontransformed MCF-10A mammary epithelial cells require much wider micropatterns to achieve moderate levels of sliding. Downregulating the cell-cell adhesion protein, E-cadherin, enables MCF-10A cells to slide on narrower micropatterns; meanwhile, introducing exogenous E-cadherin in metastatic MDA-MB-231 cells increases the micropattern dimension at which they slide. We propose the characteristic fibrillar dimension (CFD) at which effective sliding is achieved as a metric of sliding ability under spatial confinement. Using this metric, we show that metastasis-promoting genetic perturbations enhance cell sliding and reduce CFD. Activation of ErbB2 combined with downregulation of the tumor suppressor and cell polarity regulator, PARD3, reduced the CFD, in agreement with their cooperative role in inducing metastasis in vivo. The CFD was further reduced by a combination of ErbB2 activation and transforming growth factor β stimulation, which is known to enhance invasive behavior. These findings demonstrate that sliding is a quantitative property and a decrease in CFD is an effective metric to understand how multiple genetic hits interact to change cell behavior in fibrillar environments. This quantitative framework sheds insights into how genetic perturbations conspire with fibrillar maturation in the TMEN to drive the invasive behavior of cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel F Milano
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Nicholas A Ngai
- Princess Margaret Cancer Center, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Senthil K Muthuswamy
- Princess Margaret Cancer Center, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Centre, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
| | - Anand R Asthagiri
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts.
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Itoh G, Chida S, Yanagihara K, Yashiro M, Aiba N, Tanaka M. Cancer-associated fibroblasts induce cancer cell apoptosis that regulates invasion mode of tumours. Oncogene 2017; 36:4434-4444. [DOI: 10.1038/onc.2017.49] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2016] [Revised: 01/05/2017] [Accepted: 02/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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36
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Quantifying tumor associated macrophages in breast cancer: a comparison of iron and fluorine-based MRI cell tracking. Sci Rep 2017; 7:42109. [PMID: 28176853 PMCID: PMC5296729 DOI: 10.1038/srep42109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2016] [Accepted: 01/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor associated macrophages (TAMs) are associated with tumor growth and metastasis. MRI can detect TAMs labeled with iron oxide (USPIO) or perfluorocarbon (PFC) agents. This study compared these two cell tracking approaches for imaging TAMs in vivo. 4T1 tumors were imaged with MRI at 4 days or 3 weeks post cell implantation after intravenous (i.v.) administration of either USPIO or PFC. Signal loss was detected within tumors at both time points post USPIO. Images acquired at 4 days demonstrated signal loss encompassing the entire tumor and around the periphery at 3 weeks. Number of black voxels suggested higher numbers of TAMs in the tumor at the later time point. After PFC administration, Fluorine-19 (19F) signal was detected in a similar spatial distribution as signal loss post USPIO. 19F signal quantification revealed that the number of 19F spins was not significantly different at the two time points, suggesting a similar number of TAMs were present in tumors but accumulated in different regions. 19F signal was higher centrally in tumors at 4 days and heterogenous around the periphery at 3 weeks. This study revealed that 19F-based cell tracking methods better represent TAM density and provides additional information not achievable with iron-based methods.
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37
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Bower AJ, Chidester B, Li J, Zhao Y, Marjanovic M, Chaney EJ, Do MN, Boppart SA. A quantitative framework for the analysis of multimodal optical microscopy images. Quant Imaging Med Surg 2017; 7:24-37. [PMID: 28275557 DOI: 10.21037/qims.2017.02.07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multimodal optical microscopy, a set of imaging techniques based on unique, yet complementary contrast mechanisms and spatially and temporally co-registered data acquisition, has emerged as a powerful biomedical tool. However, the analysis of the dense, high-dimensional datasets acquired by these instruments remains mostly qualitative and restricted to analysis of each modality individually. METHODS Using a custom-built multimodal nonlinear optical microscope, high dimensional datasets were acquired for automated classification of functional cell states as well as identification of histopathological features in tissues slices. Supervised classification of cell death modes was performed through support vector machines (SVM) and semi-supervised classification of tissue slices was performed through the use of the expectation maximization (EM) algorithm. RESULTS Applications of these techniques to the automated classification of cell death modes as well as to the identification of tissue components in fixed ex vivo tissue slices are presented. The analysis techniques developed provide a direct link between multimodal image contrast and biological structure and function, resulting in highly accurate classification in both settings. CONCLUSIONS Quantification of multimodal optical microscopy images through statistical modeling of the high dimensional data acquired gives a strong correlation between biological structure and function and image contrast. These methods are sensitive to the identification of diagnostic, cellular-level features important in a variety of clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J Bower
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA; Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Benjamin Chidester
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Joanne Li
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA; Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Youbo Zhao
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Marina Marjanovic
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA; Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Eric J Chaney
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Minh N Do
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA; Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA; Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Stephen A Boppart
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA; Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA; Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
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38
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Hanley CJ, Noble F, Ward M, Bullock M, Drifka C, Mellone M, Manousopoulou A, Johnston HE, Hayden A, Thirdborough S, Liu Y, Smith DM, Mellows T, Kao WJ, Garbis SD, Mirnezami A, Underwood TJ, Eliceiri KW, Thomas GJ. A subset of myofibroblastic cancer-associated fibroblasts regulate collagen fiber elongation, which is prognostic in multiple cancers. Oncotarget 2017; 7:6159-74. [PMID: 26716418 PMCID: PMC4868747 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.6740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2015] [Accepted: 12/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Collagen structure has been shown to influence tumor cell invasion, metastasis and clinical outcome in breast cancer. However, it remains unclear how it affects other solid cancers. Here we utilized multi-photon laser scanning microscopy and Second Harmonic Generation to identify alterations to collagen fiber structure within the tumor stroma of head & neck, esophageal and colorectal cancers. Image segmentation algorithms were then applied to quantitatively characterize these morphological changes, showing that elongated collagen fibers significantly correlated with poor clinical outcome (Log Rank p < 0.05). We used TGF-β treatment to model fibroblast conversion to smooth muscle actin SMA-positive cancer associated fibroblasts (CAFs) and found that these cells induce the formation of elongated collagen fibers in vivo. However, proteomic/transcriptomic analysis of SMA-positive CAFs cultured ex-vivo showed significant heterogeneity in the expression of genes with collagen fibril organizing gene ontology. Notably, stratifying patients according to stromal SMA-positivity and collagen fiber elongation was found to provide a highly significant correlation with poor survival in all 3 cancer types (Log Rank p ≤ 0.003). In summary, we show that increased collagen fiber length correlates with poor patient survival in multiple tumor types and that only a sub-set of SMA-positive CAFs can mediate the formation of this collagen structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher J Hanley
- Cancer Sciences Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Fergus Noble
- Cancer Sciences Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Matthew Ward
- Cancer Sciences Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Marc Bullock
- Cancer Sciences Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Cole Drifka
- Laboratory for Optical and Computational Instrumentation (LOCI), Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - Massimiliano Mellone
- Cancer Sciences Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Antigoni Manousopoulou
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Harvey E Johnston
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Annette Hayden
- Cancer Sciences Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Steve Thirdborough
- Cancer Sciences Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Yuming Liu
- Laboratory for Optical and Computational Instrumentation (LOCI), Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - David M Smith
- Cancer Sciences Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Toby Mellows
- Cancer Sciences Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | - W John Kao
- Laboratory for Optical and Computational Instrumentation (LOCI), Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - Spiros D Garbis
- Cancer Sciences Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK.,Clinical and Experimental Sciences Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Alex Mirnezami
- Cancer Sciences Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Tim J Underwood
- Cancer Sciences Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Kevin W Eliceiri
- Laboratory for Optical and Computational Instrumentation (LOCI), Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - Gareth J Thomas
- Cancer Sciences Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
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39
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Blood vessel endothelium-directed tumor cell streaming in breast tumors requires the HGF/C-Met signaling pathway. Oncogene 2016; 36:2680-2692. [PMID: 27893712 PMCID: PMC5426963 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2016.421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2016] [Revised: 09/13/2016] [Accepted: 09/30/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
During metastasis to distant sites, tumor cells migrate to blood vessels. In vivo, breast tumor cells utilize a specialized mode of migration known as streaming, where a linear assembly of tumor cells migrate directionally towards blood vessels on fibronectin-collagen I-containing extracellular matrix (ECM) fibers in response to chemotactic signals. We have successfully reconstructed tumor cell streaming in vitro by co-plating tumors cells, macrophages and endothelial cells on 2.5 μm thick ECM-coated micro-patterned substrates. We found that tumor cells and macrophages, when plated together on the micro-patterned substrates, do not demonstrate sustained directional migration in only one direction (sustained directionality) but show random bi-directional walking. Sustained directionality of tumor cells as seen in vivo was established in vitro when beads coated with human umbilical vein endothelial cells were placed at one end of the micro-patterned 'ECM fibers' within the assay. We demonstrated that these endothelial cells supply the hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) required for the chemotactic gradient responsible for sustained directionality. Using this in vitro reconstituted streaming system, we found that directional streaming is dependent on, and most effectively blocked, by inhibiting the HGF/C-Met signaling pathway between endothelial cells and tumor cells. Key observations made with the in vitro reconstituted system implicating C-Met signaling were confirmed in vivo in mammary tumors using the in vivo invasion assay and intravital multiphoton imaging of tumor cell streaming. These results establish HGF/C-Met as a central organizing signal in blood vessel-directed tumor cell migration in vivo and highlight a promising role for C-Met inhibitors in blocking tumor cell streaming and metastasis in vivo, and for use in human trials.
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40
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Hogrebe NJ, Reinhardt JW, Gooch KJ. Biomaterial microarchitecture: a potent regulator of individual cell behavior and multicellular organization. J Biomed Mater Res A 2016; 105:640-661. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.35914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2016] [Revised: 08/17/2016] [Accepted: 09/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nathaniel J. Hogrebe
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringThe Ohio State University270 Bevis Hall 1080 Carmack RdColumbus Ohio43210
| | - James W. Reinhardt
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringThe Ohio State University270 Bevis Hall 1080 Carmack RdColumbus Ohio43210
| | - Keith J. Gooch
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringThe Ohio State University270 Bevis Hall 1080 Carmack RdColumbus Ohio43210
- The Ohio State University, Davis Heart Lung Research Institute473 W 12th AveColumbus Ohio43210
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41
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Gallego-Perez D, Chang L, Shi J, Ma J, Kim SH, Zhao X, Malkoc V, Wang X, Minata M, Kwak KJ, Wu Y, Lafyatis GP, Lu W, Hansford DJ, Nakano I, Lee LJ. On-Chip Clonal Analysis of Glioma-Stem-Cell Motility and Therapy Resistance. NANO LETTERS 2016; 16:5326-32. [PMID: 27420544 PMCID: PMC5040341 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.6b00902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Enhanced glioma-stem-cell (GSC) motility and therapy resistance are considered to play key roles in tumor cell dissemination and recurrence. As such, a better understanding of the mechanisms by which these cells disseminate and withstand therapy could lead to more efficacious treatments. Here, we introduce a novel micro-/nanotechnology-enabled chip platform for performing live-cell interrogation of patient-derived GSCs with single-clone resolution. On-chip analysis revealed marked intertumoral differences (>10-fold) in single-clone motility profiles between two populations of GSCs, which correlated well with results from tumor-xenograft experiments and gene-expression analyses. Further chip-based examination of the more-aggressive GSC population revealed pronounced interclonal variations in motility capabilities (up to ∼4-fold) as well as gene-expression profiles at the single-cell level. Chip-supported therapy resistance studies with a chemotherapeutic agent (i.e., temozolomide) and an oligo RNA (anti-miR363) revealed a subpopulation of CD44-high GSCs with strong antiapoptotic behavior as well as enhanced motility capabilities. The living-cell-interrogation chip platform described herein enables thorough and large-scale live monitoring of heterogeneous cancer-cell populations with single-cell resolution, which is not achievable by any other existing technology and thus has the potential to provide new insights into the cellular and molecular mechanisms modulating glioma-stem-cell dissemination and therapy resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Gallego-Perez
- Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University, 395 West 12th Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, 1080 Carmack Road, Columbus, Ohio 43210
- Center for Affordable Nanoengineering of Polymeric Biomedical Devices, The Ohio State University, 151 W. Woodruff Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210
- Center for Regenerative Medicine and Cell-Based Therapies, The Ohio State University, 460 West 12th Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
- Corresponding Authors:.;
| | - Lingqian Chang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, 1080 Carmack Road, Columbus, Ohio 43210
- Center for Affordable Nanoengineering of Polymeric Biomedical Devices, The Ohio State University, 151 W. Woodruff Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210
| | - Junfeng Shi
- Center for Affordable Nanoengineering of Polymeric Biomedical Devices, The Ohio State University, 151 W. Woodruff Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The Ohio State University, 201 West 19th Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210
| | - Junyu Ma
- Center for Affordable Nanoengineering of Polymeric Biomedical Devices, The Ohio State University, 151 W. Woodruff Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210
| | - Sung-Hak Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Alabama, 1824 6th Avenuce South, Birmingham, Alabama 35294
| | - Xi Zhao
- Center for Affordable Nanoengineering of Polymeric Biomedical Devices, The Ohio State University, 151 W. Woodruff Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, 151 West Woodruff Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210
| | - Veysi Malkoc
- Center for Affordable Nanoengineering of Polymeric Biomedical Devices, The Ohio State University, 151 W. Woodruff Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, 151 West Woodruff Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210
| | - Xinmei Wang
- Center for Affordable Nanoengineering of Polymeric Biomedical Devices, The Ohio State University, 151 W. Woodruff Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, 151 West Woodruff Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210
| | - Mutsuko Minata
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Alabama, 1824 6th Avenuce South, Birmingham, Alabama 35294
| | - Kwang J. Kwak
- Center for Affordable Nanoengineering of Polymeric Biomedical Devices, The Ohio State University, 151 W. Woodruff Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, 151 West Woodruff Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210
| | - Yun Wu
- Center for Affordable Nanoengineering of Polymeric Biomedical Devices, The Ohio State University, 151 W. Woodruff Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210
| | - Gregory P. Lafyatis
- Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, 191 West Woodruff Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210
| | - Wu Lu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The Ohio State University, 2015 Neil Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210
| | - Derek J. Hansford
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, 1080 Carmack Road, Columbus, Ohio 43210
- Center for Affordable Nanoengineering of Polymeric Biomedical Devices, The Ohio State University, 151 W. Woodruff Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210
| | - Ichiro Nakano
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Alabama, 1824 6th Avenuce South, Birmingham, Alabama 35294
| | - L. James Lee
- Center for Affordable Nanoengineering of Polymeric Biomedical Devices, The Ohio State University, 151 W. Woodruff Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210
- Center for Regenerative Medicine and Cell-Based Therapies, The Ohio State University, 460 West 12th Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, 151 West Woodruff Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210
- Corresponding Authors:.;
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Abstract
The tumor microenvironment (TME) is a complex, heterogeneous, and dominant component of solid tumors. Cancer imaging strategies of a subset of characteristics of the TME are under active development, and currently used modalities and novel approaches are summarized in this article. Understanding the dynamic and evolving functions of the TME is critical to accurately inform imaging and clinical care of cancer. Novel insights into distinct roles of the TME in cancer progression urge careful interpretation of imaging data and impel the development of novel modalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valerie S LeBleu
- From the Department of Cancer Biology, Metastasis Research Center, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
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43
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Holle AW, Young JL, Spatz JP. In vitro cancer cell-ECM interactions inform in vivo cancer treatment. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2016; 97:270-9. [PMID: 26485156 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2015.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2015] [Revised: 10/05/2015] [Accepted: 10/11/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The general progression of cancer drug development involves in vitro testing followed by safety and efficacy evaluation in clinical trials. Due to the expense of bringing candidate drugs to trials, in vitro models of cancer cells and tumor biology are required to screen drugs. There are many examples of drugs exhibiting cytotoxic behavior in cancer cells in vitro but losing efficacy in vivo, and in many cases, this is the result of poorly understood chemoresistant effects conferred by the cancer microenvironment. To address this, improved methods for culturing cancer cells in biomimetic scaffolds have been developed; along the way, a great deal about the nature of cancer cell-extracellular matrix (ECM) interactions has been discovered. These discoveries will continue to be leveraged both in the development of novel drugs targeting these interactions and in the fabrication of biomimetic substrates for efficient cancer drug screening in vitro.
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44
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Clark AG, Vignjevic DM. Modes of cancer cell invasion and the role of the microenvironment. Curr Opin Cell Biol 2015; 36:13-22. [PMID: 26183445 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceb.2015.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 511] [Impact Index Per Article: 56.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2015] [Revised: 06/08/2015] [Accepted: 06/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Metastasis begins with the invasion of tumor cells into the stroma and migration toward the blood stream. Human pathology studies suggest that tumor cells invade collectively as strands, cords and clusters of cells into the stroma, which is dramatically reorganized during cancer progression. Cancer cells in intravital mouse models and in vitro display many 'modes' of migration, from single isolated cells with round or elongated phenotypes to loosely-/non-adherent 'streams' of cells or collective migration of cell strands and sheets. The tumor microenvironment, and in particular stroma organization, influences the mode and dynamics of invasion. Future studies will clarify how the combination of stromal network structure, tumor cell signaling and extracellular signaling cues influence cancer cell migration and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew G Clark
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, 75005 Paris, France; CNRS, UMR144, 75005 Paris, France.
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45
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Wu PC, Hsieh TY, Tsai ZU, Liu TM. In vivo quantification of the structural changes of collagens in a melanoma microenvironment with second and third harmonic generation microscopy. Sci Rep 2015; 5:8879. [PMID: 25748390 PMCID: PMC4352861 DOI: 10.1038/srep08879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2014] [Accepted: 02/02/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Using in vivo second harmonic generation (SHG) and third harmonic generation (THG) microscopies, we tracked the course of collagen remodeling over time in the same melanoma microenvironment within an individual mouse. The corresponding structural and morphological changes were quantitatively analyzed without labeling using an orientation index (OI), the gray level co-occurrence matrix (GLCM) method, and the intensity ratio of THG to SHG (RTHG/SHG). In the early stage of melanoma development, we found that collagen fibers adjacent to a melanoma have increased OI values and SHG intensities. In the late stages, these collagen networks have more directionality and less homogeneity. The corresponding GLCM traces showed oscillation features and the sum of squared fluctuation VarGLCM increased with the tumor sizes. In addition, the THG intensities of the extracellular matrices increased, indicating an enhanced optical inhomogeneity. Multiplying OI, VarGLCM, and RTHG/SHG together, the combinational collagen remodeling (CR) index at 4 weeks post melanoma implantation showed a 400-times higher value than normal ones. These results validate that our quantitative indices of SHG and THG microscopies are sensitive enough to diagnose the collagen remodeling in vivo. We believe these indices have the potential to help the diagnosis of skin cancers in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Chun Wu
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Yuan Hsieh
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Zen-Uong Tsai
- Molecular Imaging Center, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Ming Liu
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- Molecular Imaging Center, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
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Precise manipulation of cell behaviors on surfaces for construction of tissue/organs. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2014; 124:97-110. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2014.08.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2014] [Revised: 08/17/2014] [Accepted: 08/20/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Charras G, Sahai E. Physical influences of the extracellular environment on cell migration. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 2014; 15:813-24. [PMID: 25355506 DOI: 10.1038/nrm3897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 470] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The way in which a cell migrates is influenced by the physical properties of its surroundings, in particular the properties of the extracellular matrix. How the physical aspects of the cell's environment affect cell migration poses a considerable challenge when trying to understand migration in complex tissue environments and hinders the extrapolation of in vitro analyses to in vivo situations. A comprehensive understanding of these problems requires an integrated biochemical and biophysical approach. In this Review, we outline the findings that have emerged from approaches that span these disciplines, with a focus on actin-based cell migration in environments with different stiffness, dimensionality and geometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Charras
- 1] London Centre for Nanotechnology, 17-19 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AH, UK. [2] Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Erik Sahai
- Cancer Research UK London Research Institute, 44 Lincoln's Inn Fields, London WC2A 3LY, UK
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Patsialou A, Bravo-Cordero JJ, Wang Y, Entenberg D, Liu H, Clarke M, Condeelis JS. Intravital multiphoton imaging reveals multicellular streaming as a crucial component of in vivo cell migration in human breast tumors. INTRAVITAL 2014; 2:e25294. [PMID: 25013744 DOI: 10.4161/intv.25294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2013] [Revised: 06/04/2013] [Accepted: 06/05/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Metastasis is the main cause of death in breast cancer patients. Cell migration is an essential component of almost every step of the metastatic cascade, especially the early step of invasion inside the primary tumor. In this report, we have used intravital multiphoton microscopy to visualize the different migration patterns of human breast tumor cells in live primary tumors. We used xenograft tumors of MDA-MB-231 cells as well as a low passage xenograft tumor from orthotopically injected patient-derived breast tumor cells. Direct visualization of human tumor cells in vivo shows two patterns of high-speed migration inside primary tumors: (1) single cells and (2) multicellular streams (i.e., cells following each other in a single file but without cohesive cell junctions). Critically, we found that only streaming and not random migration of single cells was significantly correlated with proximity to vessels, with intravasation and with numbers of elevated circulating tumor cells in the bloodstream. Finally, although the two human tumors were derived from diverse genetic backgrounds, we found that their migratory tumor cells exhibited coordinated gene expression changes that led to the same end-phenotype of enhanced migration involving activating actin polymerization and myosin contraction. Our data are the first direct visualization and assessment of in vivo migration within a live patient-derived breast xenograft tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonia Patsialou
- Department of Anatomy and Structural Biology; Albert Einstein College of Medicine; Bronx, NY USA
| | - Jose Javier Bravo-Cordero
- Department of Anatomy and Structural Biology; Albert Einstein College of Medicine; Bronx, NY USA ; Gruss Lipper Biophotonics Center; Albert Einstein College of Medicine; Bronx, NY USA
| | - Yarong Wang
- Department of Anatomy and Structural Biology; Albert Einstein College of Medicine; Bronx, NY USA
| | - David Entenberg
- Gruss Lipper Biophotonics Center; Albert Einstein College of Medicine; Bronx, NY USA
| | - Huiping Liu
- The Ben May Department for Cancer Research; University of Chicago; Chicago, IL USA
| | - Michael Clarke
- The Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine; Stanford University; Palo Alto, CA USA
| | - John S Condeelis
- Department of Anatomy and Structural Biology; Albert Einstein College of Medicine; Bronx, NY USA ; Gruss Lipper Biophotonics Center; Albert Einstein College of Medicine; Bronx, NY USA
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49
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Sharma VP, Beaty BT, Patsialou A, Liu H, Clarke M, Cox D, Condeelis JS, Eddy RJ. Reconstitution of in vivo macrophage-tumor cell pairing and streaming motility on one-dimensional micro-patterned substrates. INTRAVITAL 2014; 1:77-85. [PMID: 24634804 DOI: 10.4161/intv.22054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2012] [Revised: 08/28/2012] [Accepted: 08/31/2012] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
In mammary tumors, intravital imaging techniques have uncovered an essential role for macrophages during tumor cell invasion and metastasis mediated by an epidermal growth factor (EGF) / colony stimulating factor-1 (CSF-1) paracrine loop. It was previously demonstrated that mammary tumors in mice derived from rat carcinoma cells (MTLn3) exhibited high velocity migration on extracellular matrix (ECM) fibers. These cells form paracrine loop-dependent linear assemblies of alternating host macrophages and tumor cells known as "streams." Here, we confirm by intravital imaging that similar streams form in close association with ECM fibers in a highly metastatic patient-derived orthotopic mammary tumor (TN1). To understand the in vivo cell motility behaviors observed in streams, an in vitro model of fibrillar tumor ECM utilizing adhesive 1D micropatterned substrates was developed. MTLn3 cells on 1D fibronectin or type I collagen substrates migrated with higher velocity than on 2D substrates and displayed enhanced lamellipodial protrusion and increased motility upon local interaction and pairing with bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMMs). Inhibitors of EGF or CSF-1 signaling disrupted this interaction and reduced tumor cell velocity and protrusion, validating the requirement for an intact paracrine loop. Both TN1 and MTLn3 cells in the presence of BMMs were capable of co-assembling into linear arrays of alternating tumor cells and BMMs that resembled streams in vivo, suggesting the stream assembly is cell autonomous and can be reconstituted on 1D substrates. Our results validate the use of 1D micropatterned substrates as a simple and defined approach to study fibrillar ECM-dependent cell pairing, migration and relay chemotaxis as a complementary tool to intravital imaging.
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Thomas G, van Voskuilen J, Gerritsen HC, Sterenborg HJCM. Advances and challenges in label-free nonlinear optical imaging using two-photon excitation fluorescence and second harmonic generation for cancer research. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2014; 141:128-38. [PMID: 25463660 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2014.08.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2014] [Revised: 08/20/2014] [Accepted: 08/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Nonlinear optical imaging (NLOI) has emerged to be a promising tool for bio-medical imaging in recent times. Among the various applications of NLOI, its utility is the most significant in the field of pre-clinical and clinical cancer research. This review begins by briefly covering the core principles involved in NLOI, such as two-photon excitation fluorescence (TPEF) and second harmonic generation (SHG). Subsequently, there is a short description on the various cellular components that contribute to endogenous optical fluorescence. Later on the review deals with its main theme--the challenges faced during label-free NLO imaging in translational cancer research. While this review addresses the accomplishment of various label-free NLOI based studies in cancer diagnostics, it also touches upon the limitations of the mentioned studies. In addition, areas in cancer research that need to be further investigated by label-free NLOI are discussed in a latter segment. The review eventually concludes on the note that label-free NLOI has and will continue to contribute richly in translational cancer research, to eventually provide a very reliable, yet minimally invasive cancer diagnostic tool for the patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giju Thomas
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Physics, Academic Medical Centre, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Centre for Optical Diagnostics and Therapy, Erasmus Medical Centre, Post Box 2040, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Johan van Voskuilen
- Department of Molecular Biophysics, Utrecht University, 3508 TA Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Hans C Gerritsen
- Department of Molecular Biophysics, Utrecht University, 3508 TA Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - H J C M Sterenborg
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Physics, Academic Medical Centre, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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