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Adamson B, Thompson CM, Makos S, Pool K, Liechty T, Chiu CY, Woo M, Rice L. What happens post-pilot testing? A model for revising a disability awareness and competency training program. Disabil Health J 2024:101612. [PMID: 38503622 DOI: 10.1016/j.dhjo.2024.101612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Disability awareness and competency trainings are an important component of addressing ableism and health equity in the health promotion context. This commentary describes our process of developing, implementing, and refining a disability competency training, the Inclusive Community Exercise Training, for community-based group exercise instructors. The training originated from a partnership between academic researchers, community organizations, and individuals with disabilities. After initial pilot testing, we used feedback from participants to enhance the training. To optimize successful dissemination of this training, we utilized the Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation, and Maintenance (RE-AIM) framework, which is widely used in public health. The revision process focused on generalizing content to suit a wider audience, utilizing an eLearning platform for dissemination, and optimizing interactivity to improve learning effectiveness. The commentary emphasizes the lessons learned and the significance of systematic program revision, considering diverse expertise, content tailoring, and the benefits of accessible eLearning platforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Adamson
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Colorado Colorado Springs, 4925 N. Nevada Ave, Colorado Springs, CO, 80918, USA.
| | - C M Thompson
- Department of Communication, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, 702 S. Wright St, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.
| | - S Makos
- Department of Communication, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, 702 S. Wright St, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.
| | - K Pool
- Department of Communication, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, 702 S. Wright St, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.
| | - T Liechty
- Department of Recreation, Sport, & Tourism, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, 1206 South Fourth St, Champaign, IL, 61820, USA.
| | - C Y Chiu
- Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, 906 S. Goodwin Ave, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
| | - M Woo
- Department of Recreation, Sport, & Tourism, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, 1206 South Fourth St, Champaign, IL, 61820, USA.
| | - L Rice
- Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, 906 S. Goodwin Ave, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
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Davies J, Romualdez AM, Malyan D, Heasman B, Livesey A, Walker A, Pellicano E, Remington A. Autistic Adults' Priorities for Future Autism Employment Research: Perspectives from the United Kingdom. AUTISM IN ADULTHOOD 2024; 6:72-85. [PMID: 38435326 PMCID: PMC10902279 DOI: 10.1089/aut.2022.0087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Background A growing body of research has sought to understand autistic people's research priorities. Several of these studies have identified employment as a key research priority. Yet, there have been a few attempts to identify specific, actionable priorities within this area. Methods Using an online survey, we asked 197 autistic people in the United Kingdom about their priorities for future autism-employment research. Results Participants spoke of their challenges in gaining and sustaining meaningful employment and called for researchers to conduct research that results in direct improvements to employment experiences. Regarding their research priorities, participants indicated a need for research covering all aspects of the employment lifecycle from accessing employment to transitioning out of employment. Importantly, participants also discussed how such research should be conducted: with autistic people as co-researchers and ensuring a diverse range of autistic people are listened to. Conclusion While much existing autism-employment research appears to align with the priorities outlined in this study, seemingly minimal attention has been paid to later stages of the work lifecycle (e.g., progressing into more senior job roles or transitioning out of work). By identifying disparities between autistic people's priorities and the research being conducted, we can support autistic people to drive the research agenda and ensure autism-employment research positively impacts the community it aims to serve.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jade Davies
- UCL Centre for Research in Autism and Education (CRAE), University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Anna Melissa Romualdez
- UCL Centre for Research in Autism and Education (CRAE), University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Danae Malyan
- UCL Centre for Research in Autism and Education (CRAE), University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Brett Heasman
- School of Education, Language and Psychology, York St John University, York, United Kingdom
| | - Adam Livesey
- UCL Centre for Research in Autism and Education (CRAE), University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Amy Walker
- UCL Centre for Research in Autism and Education (CRAE), University College London, London, United Kingdom
- Neurodiversity Works, London, United Kingdom
| | - Elizabeth Pellicano
- Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- Macquarie School of Education, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
| | - Anna Remington
- UCL Centre for Research in Autism and Education (CRAE), University College London, London, United Kingdom
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Chen X, Wu JR, Grenawalt TA, Mpofu N, Chan F, Tansey TN. Employer Practices for Customized Training for Onboarding of People With Disabilities. REHABILITATION RESEARCH, POLICY, AND EDUCATION 2023. [DOI: 10.1891/re-22-13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
Abstract
Background:To improve employment outcome, systematic research that is based on demand-side needs is needed to clarify how employer practice factors can affect customized training efforts.Objective:The purpose of this study is to report the results of a scoping review to identify the best employer practices that are used to improve customized training efforts and results for people with disabilities in the workplace.Method:A scoping review of demand-side employment literature was conducted. Five databases were searched for articles published between 1985 and 2017. After filtering articles based on the search criteria, the final number of articles included in the analysis was 27.Findings:We identified three key themes related to customized training efforts. These include: (a) employment support, (b) work values, and (c) employment temperature.Conclusion:The findings of this scoping review provide valuable information for disability employment professionals and rehabilitation counselors to engage and assist employers in relation to customized training efforts.
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Smith MR, Papadakis M, Munnik E. Diversity training for health professionals: Preparedness to competently address intellectual disability in the Western Cape Province, South Africa. JOURNAL OF INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES : JOID 2023; 27:24-39. [PMID: 34991398 DOI: 10.1177/17446295211050468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Diversity training for health professionals in South Africa has traditionally been conceptualized as differences in gender, race or ethnicity, culture and sexual orientation. More recently physical disability and mental illness was included as a dimension. Intellectual disabilities received lip service as a diversity concern. This paper reports on health professionals' perceptions of the extent to which diversity training prepared them to competently deal with intellectual disabilities. This explorative study included a purposive sample of 18 health care professionals experienced in intellectual disability services. Two focus groups were facilitated over three sessions. Transcripts were analysed thematically. Health professionals felt inadequately prepared to consider intellectual disabilities as a diversity issue. They could not effectively advocate for reasonable accommodation. There was a differential familiarity with issues related to diversity and intellectual disability with profession constituting an additional intersecting dimension of diversity. Health professions did not perceive their diversity training to prepare them to deal competently with intellectual disabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario R Smith
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Community and Health Sciences, 108325University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Maryam Papadakis
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Community and Health Sciences, 108325University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Erica Munnik
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Community and Health Sciences, 108325University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa
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Wu JR, Iwanaga K, Grenawalt T, Mpofu N, Chan F, Lee B, Tansey T. Employer Practices for Integrating People With Disabilities Into the Workplace: A Scoping Review. REHABILITATION RESEARCH, POLICY, AND EDUCATION 2023. [DOI: 10.1891/re-21-25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
Abstract
Background:Workplace inclusion contributes to job satisfaction and innovation. Integrating people with disabilities (PWDs) improves productivity, morale, creativity, problem-solving, and commitment. Previous evidence revealed that employers are ambivalent about integrating PWDs. There remains a paucity of literature that examines demand-side employment practices of integrating PWDs in the workplace.Objective:The present study comprehensively reviewed the demand-side employment literature to identify existing practices used to improve the integrating PWDs in the workplace.Methods:A scoping review was employed. Articles were retrieved from PsycInfo, Academic Search, Web-science, American Business Index, and ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Global and published in English from January 1985 to August 2017.Findings:The scoping review yielded 19 articles. Three themes were identified as common and effective employer practices, including (a) policy and allegation, (b) internal and external partnerships, and (c) organizational top-down management diversity support.Conclusion:The findings of this scoping review provide collective information for integrating PWDs in the workplace. Findings shed some light on employer and rehabilitation counselors to engage and assist employers in promoting an inclusive workplace climate.
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Gould R, Mullin C, Parker Harris S, Jones R. Building, sustaining and growing: disability inclusion in business. EQUALITY, DIVERSITY AND INCLUSION: AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL 2022. [DOI: 10.1108/edi-06-2020-0156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to analyze the unique and the complementary aspects of disability inclusion and diversity strategies and to offer insight for organizations to integrate disability within diversity frameworks.Design/methodology/approachThe research team conducted semi-structured interviews with diversity and inclusion “champions” from large businesses to learn about policies, practices and processes for fostering disability inclusion. The businesses have all received national recognition for supporting employees with disabilities.FindingsInterviewees described strategies to build, sustain and grow disability inclusion by framing disability similarly to other diversity categories. The champions suggested practices to improve disability inclusion initiatives within their organizations.Originality/valueThere is limited information on what organizations are doing to support disability inclusion in the workplace. This study builds on the existing literature and responds to calls for case information from business personnel to gather data about common and effective practices.
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Maglalang DD, Katigbak C, Gómez MAL, Sorensen G, Hopcia K, Hashimoto DM, Pandey S, Takeuchi DT, Sabbath EL. Workplace Discrimination and Short Sleep Among Healthcare Workers: The Buffering Effect of People-Oriented Culture. J Occup Environ Med 2021; 63:857-864. [PMID: 34597282 PMCID: PMC8486916 DOI: 10.1097/jom.0000000000002246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Examine the association of discrimination and short sleep and the buffering effect of people-oriented culture in the workplace among nurses and patient care associates. METHODS Used a mixed-methods design from the 2018 Boston Hospital Workers Health Study (N = 845) and semi-structured interviews among nurse directors (N = 16). RESULTS We found that people-oriented culture reduced the odds of short sleep and slightly attenuated the association of discrimination and short sleep. People-oriented culture did not buffer the effects of discrimination on short sleep. Qualitative findings showed that discrimination occurred between co-workers in relation to their job titles and existing support in the workplace does not address discrimination. CONCLUSIONS Healthcare industries need to implement specific programs and services aimed at addressing discrimination which can potentially improve health outcomes among workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dale Dagar Maglalang
- Stanford Prevention Research Center, Stanford University, School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Carina Katigbak
- Connell School of Nursing, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts, USA
| | - María Andrée López Gómez
- Department of Sociology, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. Johns, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada
| | - Glorian Sorensen
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Karen Hopcia
- Workplace Health and Wellbeing, Partners HealthCare System, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Dean M. Hashimoto
- Workplace Health and Wellbeing, Partners HealthCare System, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Boston College Law School, Newton Centre, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Shanta Pandey
- School of Social Work, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts, USA
| | - David T. Takeuchi
- School of Social Work, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Erika L. Sabbath
- School of Social Work, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts, USA
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Davis AS, Kafka AM, González-Morales MG, Feitosa J. Team Belonging: Integrating Teamwork and Diversity Training Through Emotions. SMALL GROUP RESEARCH 2021. [DOI: 10.1177/10464964211044813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
With the worldwide focus shifting toward important questions of what diversity means to society, organizations are attempting to keep up with employees’ needs to feel recognized and belong. Given that traditionally team and diversity trainings are provided separately, with different theoretical backgrounds and goals, they are often misaligned and ineffective. We review 339 empirical articles depicting a team, diversity, or emotional management training to extract themes and determine which methods are most effective. Although research has demonstrated the importance of belonging for providing positive workplace outcomes, we found that the traditional design of these trainings and lack of emotional management prevent a balance between team and diversity goals, preventing belonging. We propose an integrative training with emotional management to help teams foster optimal belonging, where members can unite together through their differences. Accordingly, our themes inform this training model that can inspire future research into more effective training.
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Abstract
One of the most impactful ways to create a dynamic team is to foster diversity and inclusivity within the workplace. Workplaces have become more heterogenous as advances in human, women, and civil rights group have spurred greater labor force participation by members of historically underrepresented groups. Studies have shown that leveraging diversity has important implications for the promotion of positive organization change through facilitation of individual and organization performance. Diverse clientele may be more comfortable and feel more welcome working with people in a diverse workplace.
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Harvery M, Froude EH, Foley KR, Trollor JN, Arnold SRC. Employment profiles of autistic adults in Australia. Autism Res 2021; 14:2061-2077. [PMID: 34374491 DOI: 10.1002/aur.2588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 07/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Autistic adults experience a high number of job changes, reduced working hours, minimal workplace supports, and overrepresentation in entry-level and low paid positions. This study adds to the existing evidence base to guide clinical decisions and interventions for this population. This study utilized baseline data collected between 2015 and 2017 from the Autism CRC's Australian Longitudinal Study of Autism in Adulthood. The aim was to describe the employment profiles and explore factors related to employment for Australian autistic adults aged 25 and older (N = 149). Comparisons between participants and the Australian workforce were made using Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) data. Two logistic regression models were conducted to explore the association between underemployment and underutilisation with personal and environmental factors. In comparison to the Australian workforce, autistic adults were more likely to work part-time, work reduced hours and be employed at skill levels lower than their qualifications warranted. Logistic regressions reported that more autistic traits, more social supports and having workplace adjustments implemented were significantly associated with a higher odds of autistic adults being appropriately employed and/or utilized in the workforce. Results suggest that interventions implementing appropriate workplace adjustments, a supportive workplace environment, and adequate social supports may improve employment outcomes for autistic adults. All employees may benefit from workplace resources targeted toward fostering an inclusive workplace environment. LAY SUMMARY: This study aimed to describe the employment profiles and explore factors related to employment for Australian autistic adults. We compared this with the Australian workforce using data from the Australian Bureau of Statistics. Autistic adults with more autistic traits and more social and workplace supports were more likely to be employed and have jobs that were better suited to them. Autistic adults might have better employment outcomes if they have the appropriate workplace adjustments, a supportive workplace and adequate social supports.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madeleine Harvery
- School of Allied Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Australian Catholic University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Elspeth H Froude
- School of Allied Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Australian Catholic University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Kitty-Rose Foley
- Department of Developmental Disability Neuropsychiatry, School of Psychiatry, UNSW, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Cooperative Research Centre for Living with Autism (Autism CRC), Long Pocket, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,Faculty of Health, Southern Cross University, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Julian N Trollor
- Department of Developmental Disability Neuropsychiatry, School of Psychiatry, UNSW, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Cooperative Research Centre for Living with Autism (Autism CRC), Long Pocket, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Samuel R C Arnold
- Department of Developmental Disability Neuropsychiatry, School of Psychiatry, UNSW, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Cooperative Research Centre for Living with Autism (Autism CRC), Long Pocket, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
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11
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Devine PG, Ash TL. Diversity Training Goals, Limitations, and Promise: A Review of the Multidisciplinary Literature. Annu Rev Psychol 2021; 73:403-429. [PMID: 34280325 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-psych-060221-122215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
In this review, we utilize a narrative approach to synthesize the multidisciplinary literature on diversity training. In examining hundreds of articles on the topic, we discovered that the literature is amorphous and complex and does not allow us to reach decisive conclusions regarding best practices in diversity training. We note that scholars of diversity training, when testing the efficacy of their approaches, too often use proxy measures for success that are far removed from the types of consequential outcomes that reflect the purported goals of such trainings. We suggest that the enthusiasm for, and monetary investment in, diversity training has outpaced the available evidence that such programs are effective in achieving their goals. We recommend that researchers and practitioners work together for future investigations to propel the science of diversity training forward. We conclude with a roadmap for how to create a more rigorous and relevant science of diversity training. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Psychology, Volume 73 is January 2022. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia G Devine
- Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA;
| | - Tory L Ash
- Department of Psychology, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York 13244, USA;
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Eissenstat SJ, Lee Y, Hong S. An Examination of Barriers and Facilitators of Job Satisfaction and Job Tenure Among Persons With Disability in South Korea. REHABILITATION COUNSELING BULLETIN 2021. [DOI: 10.1177/00343552211006767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of the study is to investigate the barriers and facilitators of job tenure among persons with disabilities (PWD), using the theory of work adjustment, which explains that the correspondence between person and environment predicts job satisfaction and consequently job tenure. This study utilized the ninth Panel Survey of Employment for the Disabled (PSED) data set compiled from 1,755 employees with disabilities in South Korea in 2016. The results show that education-level match and aptitude match are associated with job satisfaction, whereas the effect of job–skill match on job satisfaction was not significant. Job discrimination experience and accessible work facilities were significantly related to job satisfaction, which is a significant predictor of job tenure.
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Albright J, Kulok S, Scarpa A. A qualitative analysis of employer perspectives on the hiring and employment of adults with autism spectrum disorder. JOURNAL OF VOCATIONAL REHABILITATION 2020. [DOI: 10.3233/jvr-201094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jordan Albright
- Virginia Tech Center for Autism Research, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA
- Department of Psychology, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Sydney Kulok
- Virginia Tech Center for Autism Research, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA
- Department of Psychology, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Angela Scarpa
- Virginia Tech Center for Autism Research, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA
- Department of Psychology, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA
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Bezyak J, Moser E, Iwanaga K, Wu JR, Chen X, Chan F. Disability inclusion strategies: An exploratory study. JOURNAL OF VOCATIONAL REHABILITATION 2020. [DOI: 10.3233/jvr-201095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jill Bezyak
- University of Northern Colorado, Greeley, CO, USA
| | - Erin Moser
- University of Northern Colorado, Greeley, CO, USA
| | | | - Jia-Rung Wu
- Northeastern Illinois University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Xiangli Chen
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Fong Chan
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
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15
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Van Ryzin MJ, Roseth CJ, McClure H. The Effects of Cooperative Learning on Peer Relations, Academic Support, and Engagement in Learning Among Students of Color. THE JOURNAL OF EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH 2020; 113:283-291. [PMID: 33664528 PMCID: PMC7928266 DOI: 10.1080/00220671.2020.1806016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/19/2020] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Despite Brown vs. Board of Education, prejudice still exists in the American school system. These attitudes can give rise to negative social experiences for students of color (i.e., discrimination), negatively impacting their mental and physical health and creating disparities in educational outcomes. Rather than seeking to ameliorate these negative experiences, our approach attempts to address the underlying prejudices and, in so doing, reduce these disparities. Using 4 waves of data from a cluster randomized trial (N = 15 middle schools, 1,890 students, 47.1% female, 75.2% White), we hypothesized that cooperative learning, which has been shown to reduce prejudice in previous research, would create positive gains in peer relatedness, perceptions of academic support, and engagement in learning, and that gains would be larger for students of color; our results confirmed these hypotheses. Our findings highlight the potential role of cooperative learning in reducing disparities and creating greater equity in education.
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Lundälv J, Ehrlington H, Johansen A. Disability awareness arena in Sweden: voices of learning toward community facilities, universal design and disability perspective. FACILITIES 2020. [DOI: 10.1108/f-12-2019-0135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this study is to describe knowledge, awareness and experience of different employees in a Swedish municipality (City of Gothenburg) concerning the disability perspective, accessibility and universal design in practice.
Design/methodology/approach
This study is based on an online survey. A total of 119 different employees responded to the survey. The data was analyzed from a mixed-method approach, using descriptive statistics and textual analysis. The study also included personal interviews with 19 employees in the City of Gothenburg.
Findings
A total of 521 employees in the City of Gothenburg participated in disability awareness exercises (DAE) at the Disability Awareness Arena to gain greater knowledge and insight on disability perspectives in different environments and services. Of these, 119 people representing different professions in soft and hard services and companies participated in the survey; and 19 people participated in personal interviews. The study showed that a vast majority of them were very satisfied and they have developed and practiced their new knowledge and attitude toward disability and accessibility.
Research limitations/implications
One limitation in this study is that it has investigated the experiences and effects of the DAE 6–12 months after its implementation. Therefore, it is not possible to analyze long-term effects that the DAE can have in practice.
Originality/value
To the best of the authors’ knowledge, no prior study of these issues has been conducted in Sweden. This study is deemed to have significant social benefit because of the steadily increasing demand for disability simulations, awareness of disability perspective and accessibility in municipality settings. No other study has addressed the importance of the DAE in these perspectives. DAE is defined in this article as a unique concept for promoting the usage of the disability perspective in the everyday workplace.
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Gould R, Harris SP, Mullin C, Jones R. Disability, diversity, and corporate social responsibility: Learning from recognized leaders in inclusion. JOURNAL OF VOCATIONAL REHABILITATION 2020. [DOI: 10.3233/jvr-191058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Robert Gould
- Department of Disability and Human Development, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Sarah Parker Harris
- Department of Disability and Human Development, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Courtney Mullin
- Department of Disability and Human Development, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Robin Jones
- Department of Disability and Human Development, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
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Coffee and controversy: How applied psychology can revitalize sexual harassment and racial discrimination training. INDUSTRIAL AND ORGANIZATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY-PERSPECTIVES ON SCIENCE AND PRACTICE 2020. [DOI: 10.1017/iop.2019.84] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
AbstractTraining has shown little effectiveness in altering harassing or discriminatory behavior. Limitations of prior intervention efforts may reflect poor conceptualization of the problems involved, poor training intervention design, approaches that engender cynicism, or misunderstanding psychological principles of attitude and behavior change. Interventions should capitalize on behavioral science models and tools at multiple levels from a broad array of disciplines to explain harassment and bias, and then to defeat these behaviors. Measures to ensure fair treatment should focus on leadership socialization, organizational culture and climate, increased professional competence, and integration with organizational approaches to corporate social responsibility and performance.
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Doebrich A, Quirici M, Lunsford C. COVID-19 and the need for disability conscious medical education, training, and practice. J Pediatr Rehabil Med 2020; 13:393-404. [PMID: 33252100 DOI: 10.3233/prm-200763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 era exposes what was already a crisis in the medical profession: structural racism, ageism, sexism, classism, and ableism resulting in healthcare disparities for Persons with Disabilities (PWD). Early research highlights these disparities, but we do not yet know the full impact of this pandemic on PWD. Over the last 20 years, many medical schools have attempted to develop disability competency trainings, but discrimination and inequities remain, resulting in a pervasive distrust of medicine by the disability community at large. In this commentary, we suggest that disability competency is insufficient because the healthcare disparities experienced by PWD are not simply a matter of individual biases, but structural and systemic factors requiring a culture shift in the healthcare professions. Recognizing that disability is a form of diversity that is experienced alongside other systemic disadvantages like social class, race, age, sex, gender identity, and geographic location, we explore the transformative potential of disability conscious medical education, training, and practice that draws on insights from intersectional disability justice activism. Disability conscious medicine is a novel approach, which improves upon competency programs by utilizing disability studies and the principles of disability justice to guide us in the critique of norms, traditions, and institutions to more fully promote the respect, beneficence, and justice that patients deserve.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrienne Doebrich
- School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Marion Quirici
- Thompson Writing Program, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Christopher Lunsford
- Pediatric Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Orthopaedics and Department of Pediatrics, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
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McDonnall MC, Antonelli K. The Impact of a Brief Meeting on Employer Attitudes, Knowledge, and Intent to Hire. REHABILITATION COUNSELING BULLETIN 2019. [DOI: 10.1177/0034355219889409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
We evaluated the ability of an intervention that consisted of a one-on-one meeting between a vocational rehabilitation (VR) professional and an employer to improve employer attitudes, knowledge, and intent to hire people who are blind or visually impaired. We evaluated the relative effectiveness of two approaches (dual customer vs. educational) and the impact of the VR professionals’ vision status (blind or sighted) on our primary outcome measures and on interest in follow-up. Participants were 59 hiring managers employed by a large company who completed measures at three time points: pre, post, and 4-month follow-up. We found that, regardless of approach used or vision status of the VR professional, the intervention was successful at improving employers’ attitudes, knowledge, and intent to hire. The educational approach resulted in increases in knowledge that were retained at follow-up, while the dual customer approach did not. Improvements in intent to hire were not retained at follow-up, suggesting that ongoing contact with employers will be beneficial to positively impact the hiring of people who are blind or visually impaired. These findings are particularly relevant given the Workforce Innovation and Opportunity Act’s focus on employer engagement for VR agencies.
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21
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Lindsay S, Cagliostro E, Albarico M, Mortaji N, Karon L. A Systematic Review of the Benefits of Hiring People with Disabilities. JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL REHABILITATION 2018; 28:634-655. [PMID: 29392591 DOI: 10.1007/s10926-018-9756-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Purpose We reviewed literature on the benefits of hiring people with disabilities. Increasing attention is being paid to the role of people with disabilities in the workplace. Although most research focuses on employers' concerns, many companies are now beginning to share their successes. However, there is no synthesis of the peer-reviewed literature on the benefits of hiring people with disabilities. Methods Our team conducted a systematic review, completing comprehensive searches of seven databases from 1997 to May 2017. We selected articles for inclusion that were peer-reviewed publications, had a sample involving people with disabilities, conducted an empirical study with at least one outcome focusing on the benefits of hiring people with disabilities, and focused on competitive employment. Two reviewers independently applied the inclusion criteria, extracted the data, and rated the study quality. Results Of the 6176 studies identified in our search, 39 articles met our inclusion criteria. Findings show that benefits of hiring people with disabilities included improvements in profitability (e.g., profits and cost-effectiveness, turnover and retention, reliability and punctuality, employee loyalty, company image), competitive advantage (e.g., diverse customers, customer loyalty and satisfaction, innovation, productivity, work ethic, safety), inclusive work culture, and ability awareness. Secondary benefits for people with disabilities included improved quality of life and income, enhanced self-confidence, expanded social network, and a sense of community. Conclusions There are several benefits to hiring people with disabilities. Further research is needed to explore how benefits may vary by type of disability, industry, and job type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sally Lindsay
- Bloorview Research Institute, Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital, 150 Kilgour Road, Toronto, ON, M4G 1R8, Canada.
- Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
| | - Elaine Cagliostro
- Bloorview Research Institute, Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital, 150 Kilgour Road, Toronto, ON, M4G 1R8, Canada
| | - Mikhaela Albarico
- Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Neda Mortaji
- Bloorview Research Institute, Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital, 150 Kilgour Road, Toronto, ON, M4G 1R8, Canada
| | - Leora Karon
- Bloorview Research Institute, Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital, 150 Kilgour Road, Toronto, ON, M4G 1R8, Canada
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22
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Rudstam H, Gower WS, Van Looy S. A muddy river alive with shifting currents: Knowledge translation, disability, employment and organizational change. JOURNAL OF VOCATIONAL REHABILITATION 2018. [DOI: 10.3233/jvr-180963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Rudstam
- K. Lisa Yang and Hock E. Tan Institute on Employment and Disability, ILR School, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Wendy Strobel Gower
- K. Lisa Yang and Hock E. Tan Institute on Employment and Disability, ILR School, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Sara Van Looy
- K. Lisa Yang and Hock E. Tan Institute on Employment and Disability, ILR School, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
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23
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Iwanaga K, Chen X, Wu JR, Lee B, Chan F, Bezyak J, Grenawalt TA, Tansey TN. Assessing disability inclusion climate in the workplace: A brief report. JOURNAL OF VOCATIONAL REHABILITATION 2018. [DOI: 10.3233/jvr-180972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Xiangli Chen
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Jia-Rung Wu
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Beatrice Lee
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Fong Chan
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Jill Bezyak
- University of Northern Colorado, Greeley, CO, USA
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