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Martins MDLDC, Rodrigues AP, Marques CDCP, Carvalho RMBC. Do spirituality and emotional intelligence improve the perception of the ability to provide care at the end of life? The role of knowledge and self-efficacy. Palliat Support Care 2024:1-9. [PMID: 38420704 DOI: 10.1017/s1478951524000257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Spirituality, emotional intelligence, and palliative care (PC) knowledge have a positive and direct influence on self-efficacy and on perception of preparation and ability to provide end-of-life (EOL) care. The aim of this work is to propose a conceptual model that relates spirituality, emotional intelligence, PC knowledge, self-efficacy, and the preparation and ability to provide EOL care by doctors and nurses. METHODS Quantitative, exploratory, descriptive, and inferential study applied to doctors and nurses in a hospital in the north of Portugal, between May and July 2022. The data collection instrument includes a questionnaire. The relationships between latent variables were evaluated using structural equation models by the partial least squares method using the Smart PLS 3.0 software. It was obtained the previous authorization of the ethics committee. RESULTS The results (n = 380) indicate that self-efficacy, spirituality, and PC knowledge have a positive influence on the ability to provide EOL care. Emotional intelligence and spirituality have a direct and positive effect on self-efficacy. There is no direct influence of emotional intelligence on the ability to provide EOL care, but emotional intelligence has an indirect effect mediated by self-efficacy. SIGNIFICANCE OF RESULTS Spirituality, self-efficacy, and emotional intelligence are very important for the ability of doctors and nurses to provide EOL care. The identification of predictive factors of the ability to provide EOL care and the determination of the relationship between them can improve the provision of EOL care, reduction of health costs, timely and early referral of people to PC, and increase life quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria de Lurdes da Costa Martins
- Palliative Medicine, Hospital of Trás-os-montes e Alto Douro EPE, Vila Real, Portugal
- CACTMAD (Clinical Academic Center of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro-Professor Doutor Nuno Grande), Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Ana Paula Rodrigues
- CETRAD (Center of Transdisciplinary Development Studies - UTAD), Vila Real, Portugal
- Department of Economics, Sociology and Management of UTAD, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Carlos Duarte Coelho Peixeira Marques
- CETRAD (Center of Transdisciplinary Development Studies - UTAD), Vila Real, Portugal
- University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal
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Heuschkel G, Fischer von Weikersthal L, Junghans C, Zomorodbakhsch B, Stoll C, Prott FJ, Fuxius S, Micke O, Richter A, Sallmann D, Büntzel J, Hoppe C, Huebner J. Spirituality in Oncology: Relations between Spirituality, Its Facets, and Psychological and Demographic Factors in Cancer Patients in Germany. Oncol Res Treat 2024; 47:123-134. [PMID: 38325341 DOI: 10.1159/000535919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cancer diagnoses are constantly increasing in clinical practice. Therefore, more and more patients are interested in how they can actively participate in the process of treatment. Spirituality represents a hidden issue of the population, which counts as a branch of complementary and alternative treatment. Therefore, the aim of our study was to investigate whether there are associations between spirituality and demographic and psychosocial factors, as well as religious beliefs, in cancer patients. METHODS We conducted a survey with 451 participants in 10 oncology centers between March and July 2021. A composition of the following 9 different questionnaires was used to collect data on spirituality, demographics, resilience, self-efficiency, life satisfaction, and sense of coherence: Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy-Spiritual Well-Being (FACIT-Sp12), General Life Satisfaction Short Scale (L-1), Resilienzskala Kurzform (RS-13), Sense of Coherence Scale - Leipziger Kurzform (SOC-L9), Allgemeine Selbstwirksamkeit Kurzskala (AKSU), Adolescent Food Habits Checklist, Likert-Scale of daily activities, questionnaire of the Working group Prävention und Integrative Onkologie (PRiO), and personal opinion on the cause of the disease. Calculated data and analyzed group differences using ANOVA Bonferroni were used to test associations between spirituality and the variables studied. For more detailed examination of spirituality, we took a closer look at the different components of spirituality - peace, meaning, and faith - and their relation to each other (three-factor spirituality analyses). RESULTS Higher spirituality scores in total as well as meaning, peace, and faith were each associated with higher levels of resilience and life satisfaction. Higher religious belief was found to be associated with higher spiritual attitudes. High personal self-efficiency was found in people with higher spiritual beliefs in general as well as higher meaning and peace. Meaning and peace emerge as essential components of spiritual well-being and show a stronger association with expressions of general spirituality than faith. CONCLUSION Spirituality takes a crucial role among the resources of life-threatening diseases. As such, further research is needed to expand and integrate patient options into a modernized concept of care. Our data indicate that higher spiritual well-being is associated with a more tolerant approach to illness. Thus, addressing spiritual needs in therapy is associated with better psychological adjustment to the individual situation and reduces negative distress. To promote spiritual needs in the future, cognitive as well as affective components of spirituality should be emphasized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gina Heuschkel
- Klinik für Innere Medizin II, Hämatologie und Internistische Onkologie, Universitätsklinikum Jena, Jena, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Stefan Fuxius
- Onkologische Schwerpunktpraxis Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Achim Richter
- Inselsberg Klinik Wicker GmbH and Co. OHG, Bad Tabarz, Germany
| | | | - Jens Büntzel
- Klinik für HNO-Erkrankungen, Kopf-Hals-Chirurgie, Interdisziplinäre Palliativstation, Südharz Klinikum Nordhausen, Nordhausen, Germany
| | - Catalina Hoppe
- Klinik für Innere Medizin II, Hämatologie und Internistische Onkologie, Universitätsklinikum Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Jutta Huebner
- Klinik für Innere Medizin II, Hämatologie und Internistische Onkologie, Universitätsklinikum Jena, Jena, Germany
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Anjum S, Mishra G, Kankane N, Khetan J, Mahajan N, Patel A, Chhabra KG. Link between individual resilience and aggressiveness in dental students and the mediating effect of spirituality: A path analysis. JOURNAL OF EDUCATION AND HEALTH PROMOTION 2024; 13:10. [PMID: 38525214 PMCID: PMC10959263 DOI: 10.4103/jehp.jehp_709_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The role of spirituality in people's lives, particularly the lives of health professionals, as well as its impact on mental health issues like anger and aggressiveness and resilience, are particularly significant. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the link between the propensity for violence and personal resilience in dental students by taking into account the function of spirituality as a mediator. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this cross-sectional questionnaire survey, 211 volunteer dentistry students participated from a government institute in Jammu and Kashmir, India using a stratified sample procedure. The Spiritual Orientation Scale, Buss and Perry Aggression Questionnaire, and Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale were used to gather the data. SPSS version 20.0 was used for conducting a bivariate analysis to ascertain the directionality connection between the research variables. In addition; structural equation modelling analysis was conducted by Smart PLS. RESULTS According to the findings, resilience and spirituality have a substantial and positive link (r = 0.468 r = 0.023). Aggressiveness and resilience revealed a statistically significant inverse link (r = 0.325, P = 0.04), but aggression and spirituality had no significant correlation. Spirituality played a substantial mediation influence in the indirect pathway of violence on resilience (P = 0.001). CONCLUSION According to the study's findings, spirituality can help pupils become more resilient as individuals and can act as a helpful intermediary between aggressiveness and resilience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shamim Anjum
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Indira Gandhi Government College and Hospital, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Gaurav Mishra
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Sciences, King George’s Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Nishita Kankane
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Sciences, King George’s Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Jitendra Khetan
- Department of Prosthodontics, Crown and Bridge and Implantology, NIMS Dental College and Hospital, NIMS University, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Namrata Mahajan
- Department of Prosthodontics, Crown and Bridge and Implantology, NIMS Dental College and Hospital, NIMS University, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Aditi Patel
- Department of Prosthodontics, Crown and Bridge and Implantology, NIMS Dental College and Hospital, NIMS University, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Kumar G. Chhabra
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, NIMS Dental College and Hospital, NIMS University, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
- Research and Developmental Cell, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Sawangi, Wardha, Maharashtra, India
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Jurek K, Niewiadomska I, Szot L. Turning to religion as a mediator of the relationship between hopelessness and job satisfaction during the COVID-19 pandemic among individuals representing the uniformed services or working in professions of public trust in Poland. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0291196. [PMID: 38060510 PMCID: PMC10703260 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0291196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION During the COVID-19 pandemic individuals performing uniformed service or working in a profession of public trust were particularly exposed to chronic stress. The exposure to stress contributes to a decrease in quality of life across various domains, including professional performance. The perceived mental difficulties can lead to a feeling of hopelessness which, in turn can generate a decrease in job satisfaction. Religiosity is a factor which, in stress-inducing conditions, not only stops the spiral of perceived resource losses but also triggers gains in the resources possessed. AIM The aim of the study was to assess the preference for positive religious coping strategies, namely turning to religion as a mediator for the relationship between perceived hopelessness and job satisfaction in the individuals declaring religiosity during the COVID-19 pandemic. The analysis has been performed based on the Conservation of Resources theory (COR). METHODS The study encompassed 238 individuals representing the uniformed services or working in professions of public trust in Poland. The Inventory for Measuring Coping with Stress (MINI-COPE) and the Beck Hopelessness Scale (BHS) were used in the research. RESULTS The mediating role of turning to religion in relationship between perceived hopelessness and job satisfaction was confirmed only in the group of women. The relationship found in this group indicates that perceived hopelessness is alleviated by turning to religion, which simultaneously leads to an increase in job satisfaction. CONCLUSION The obtained results prove that counselling should be standard practice after potentially traumatic events in the workplace; moreover, emotional and/or instrumental support should be offered along with spiritual one.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krzysztof Jurek
- Department of Sociology of Culture, Religion and Social Participation, John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Iwona Niewiadomska
- Department of Social Psychoprevention, John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Leon Szot
- Faculty of Social Sciences, The Pontifical University of John Paul II in Cracow, Cracow, Poland
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Rızalar S, Tufan A, Uslu R. Spirituality and Hope Levels of Lung Cancer Patients Who Had Surgery in Turkey. JOURNAL OF RELIGION AND HEALTH 2023; 62:2050-2064. [PMID: 36897436 DOI: 10.1007/s10943-023-01773-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
This study explores the relationship between spirituality and hope levels in lung cancer patients. Cancer patients often use their spirituality as a way of coping. Among a sample of 124 Turkish lung cancer patients, spirituality levels were assessed using the Spiritual Orientation Scale (SOS) and hope levels were measured using the Herth Hope Scale (HHS). Spirituality and hope levels in Turkish lung cancer patients were found to be above average. While no significant effect of demographic and disease-related variables was detected on spirituality and hope levels, spirituality and hope were found to be positively correlated in Turkish lung cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selda Rızalar
- Surgical Nursing Department, Hamidiye Nursing Faculty, University of Health Science, Selimiye Mah. Tıbbiye Cad. No:38, Üsküdar, 34668, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | | | - Rana Uslu
- Yedikule Chest Diseases and Thoracic Surgery Education and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
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Koç M, Sarı T, Altıntaş B, Kissal A, Gürhan N. Investigation into the Relationship Between COVID-19 Anxiety and Spiritual Orientation in Elderly Individuals in Nursing Homes and Care Centers in Turkey. JOURNAL OF RELIGION AND HEALTH 2023:1-18. [PMID: 36973605 PMCID: PMC10042407 DOI: 10.1007/s10943-023-01799-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Spirituality is seen as a coping strategy for reducing stress and anxiety. This research aimed to investigate the relationship between COVID-19 anxiety and the spiritual orientation of individuals aged 65 and over in nursing homes and elderly care centers during the COVID-19 pandemic in Turkey. The findings showed that with increasing age, coronavirus anxiety levels decrease, and spiritual orientation increases. There was a negative relationship between the time of diagnosis of COVID-19 and coronavirus anxiety (r = - .48; p = 0.01). Those diagnosed with COVID-19 had higher coronavirus anxiety levels (U = 374.5; p < 0.001) and had lower spiritual orientation (U = 593.5; p > 0.05). As spiritual orientation increases in elderly individuals, their level of anxiety decreases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Medine Koç
- Psychiatric Nursing Department, Faculty of Health Science, Tokat Gaziosmanpasa University, 60250 Tokat, Turkey
| | - Tuba Sarı
- Psychiatric Nursing Department, Institute of Graduate Studies, Tokat Gaziosmanpasa University, 60250 Tokat, Turkey
| | - Büşra Altıntaş
- Psychiatric Nursing Department, Institute of Graduate Studies, Tokat Gaziosmanpasa University, 60250 Tokat, Turkey
| | - Aygul Kissal
- Public Health Nursing Department, Faculty of Health Science, Tokat Gaziosmanpasa University, 60250 Tokat, Turkey
| | - Nermin Gürhan
- Psychiatric Nursing Department, Faculty of Health Science, Tokat Gaziosmanpasa University, 60250 Tokat, Turkey
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Leonhardt ND, Fahmi S, Stellar JE, Impett EA. Turning toward or away from God: COVID-19 and changes in religious devotion. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0280775. [PMID: 36888620 PMCID: PMC9994730 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0280775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Major stressors can influence religiosity, making some people more religious, while making others less religious. In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, we conducted a mixed-method study with a nationally representative sample of religiously affiliated American adults (N = 685) to assess group differences between those who decreased, stayed the same, or increased in their religious devotion. In quantitative analyses we evaluated differences on sociodemographic variables, religious behaviors, individual differences, prosocial emotions, well-being, and COVID-19 attitudes and behaviors. Of most note, those who changed (i.e., increased or decreased) in religious devotion were more likely than those with no change in devotion to experience high levels of stress and threat related to COVID-19, but only those who increased in religious devotion had the highest dispositional prosocial emotions (i.e., gratitude and awe). Further, those who changed in religious devotion were more likely to report searching for meaning than those with no change, but only those who increased were more likely to report actual presence of meaning. Qualitative analyses revealed that those who increased in religious devotion reported increasing personal worship, the need for a higher power, and uncertainty in life as reasons for their increase in religious devotion; those who decreased reported being unable to communally worship, a lack of commitment or priority, and challenges making it hard to believe in God as reasons for their decrease in religious devotion. The findings help identify how COVID-19 has affected religious devotion, and how religion might be used as a coping mechanism during a major life stressor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan D. Leonhardt
- Department of Psychology, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada
- * E-mail:
| | - Sarah Fahmi
- Department of Psychology, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Emily A. Impett
- Department of Psychology, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada
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Burak D. The Effect of Risk and Protective Factors on Primary School Students' COVID-19 Anxiety: Back to School After the Pandemic. CHILD INDICATORS RESEARCH 2023; 16:29-51. [PMID: 36267439 PMCID: PMC9568903 DOI: 10.1007/s12187-022-09971-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to analyze the risk and protective factors affecting the COVID-19 anxiety of primary school students after the reopening. It was investigated how primary school students' parents' vaccination, and COVID-19 cases seen at school, knowledge and awareness directly or indirectly explained their individual and social COVID-19 anxiety. The data were obtained from 227 primary school students living in different regions of Turkey. Pandemic Awareness Scale, Pandemic Anxiety Scale, Pandemic Information Test and Information Form were used to obtain the data. The data were analyzed by path analysis. According to the results, the case seen at school, knowledge and awareness of COVID-19 directly and significantly predicted primary school students' individual and social COVID-19 anxiety. Vaccination of parents, on the other hand, directly significantly predicted social COVID-19 anxiety of primary school students, but did not significantly predict individual COVID-19 anxiety. In addition, in this effect, awareness of COVID-19 mediates the knowledge of COVID-19, and cases seen at school mediate the vaccination of parents. The obtained model showed a good fit. According to the results, primary school students' knowledge and awareness about COVID-19 and parents' vaccination reduced their anxieties, and COVID-19 cases seen at school increased their anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Durmuş Burak
- Faculty of Education, Department of Elementary Education, Kilis 7 Aralik University, No: 134, 79100 Kilis, Turkey
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ÜNVERDİ B. Bireysel Psikoloji’nin Maneviyatla İlişkisi Üzerine Bir Derleme Çalışması. SPIRITUAL PSYCHOLOGY AND COUNSELING 2022. [DOI: 10.37898/spc.2022.7.2.178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Bireysel psikoloji, Alfred Adler tarafından geliştirilmiş ve psikoloji literatürüne hem teorik hem de pratik olarak önemli katkılar sağlamış bir teoridir. Maneviyat ise insan hayatında göz ardı edilemeyecek bir alandır. Bu makale, bireysel psikolojinin maneviyata yönelik bakış açısını, maneviyatla ilişkisini, manevi değerlendirmeleri nasıl yaptığını ve manevi/ dini yönelimli danışanlarla nasıl kullanılabileceğini içeren bir derleme çalışmasıdır. Derleme, hem Adler’in kendi metinlerini hem de onun teorik yönelimini benimseyen daha sonraki araştırmacıların makalelerini ele almaktadır. Bireysel psikoloji, her bireyi kendi fenomenolojik alanını dikkate alarak değerlendirmektedir. Bu nedenle danışma sürecinde danışanların manevi/dini boyutlarını göz ardı etmez ve maneviyatın bireylerin hayatında önemli bir yere sahip olduğunu kabul eder. Maneviyatın önemli bir başa çıkma mekanizması sağlarken iyilik, umut ve içgörüyü destekleyen bir yapıya sahip olduğu düşünüldüğünde, Adler’in teorisine maneviyatı dahil etmesi önemli görünmektedir. Makalede yer alan vaka örnekleri de bunu desteklemekte ve bireysel psikolojinin psikolojik danışma sürecinde maneviyatı nasıl ele aldığını ve değerlendirdiğini genel hatlarıyla ortaya koymaktadır.
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