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Sugimura K, Hihara S, Hatano K, Crocetti E. Adolescents' Identity Development Predicts the Transition and the Adjustment to Tertiary Education or Work. J Youth Adolesc 2023; 52:2344-2356. [PMID: 37561288 DOI: 10.1007/s10964-023-01838-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
Although identity development is crucial in individuals' psychological adjustment from adolescence to adulthood, little is known about its impact in the transition to tertiary education or work. This study examined whether identity development during high school predicts career choices and adjustment (i.e., engagement) and maladjustment (i.e., burnout) after graduation. A total of 357 Japanese adolescents participated throughout the 3-year period of vocational high school (Mage = 15.75; 62.75% girls). A follow-up assessment, at 18 months after the school-to-tertiary education or school-to-work transitions, was conducted. Higher identity synthesis during high school years predicted entry into tertiary education, while higher identity confusion predicted transition to work. Furthermore, higher identity synthesis during the high school years predicted higher post-graduation academic engagement, and higher levels of identity confusion predicted higher levels of post-graduation academic or work burnout. Overall, this study contributes to the understanding of the role of identity development in adolescence as a valuable asset for predicting the transition and the adjustment to tertiary education or work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazumi Sugimura
- Graduate School of Humanities and Social Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-1-1 Kagamiyama, Higashihiroshima, Hiroshima, 739-8524, Japan.
| | - Shogo Hihara
- Faculty of Business Administration, Matsuyama University, 4-2 Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama, Ehime, 790-8578, Japan
| | - Kai Hatano
- Graduate School of Sustainable System Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai, Osaka, 599-8531, Japan
| | - Elisabetta Crocetti
- Department of Psychology, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Viale Berti Pichat 5, Cesena, FC, 47521, Italy
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Sugimura K, Hihara S, Hatano K, Nakama R, Saiga S, Tsuzuki M. Profiles of Emotional Separation and Parental Trust from Adolescence to Emerging Adulthood: Age Differences and Associations with Identity and Life Satisfaction. J Youth Adolesc 2023; 52:475-489. [PMID: 36525106 PMCID: PMC9884255 DOI: 10.1007/s10964-022-01716-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Youth become psychologically independent by emotionally separating from their parents and simultaneously developing a sense of trust in them. While these relational components have been addressed separately, studies focusing on the change in dynamics of these components are lacking. This study examined profiles of parent-youth relationship quality based on emotional separation and parental trust, age differences in the prevalence of these profiles, and age differences in the associations between the profiles, identity, and life satisfaction. Participants included 14,428 youth living in Japan from five age groups (44.8% girls/women; Mage = 20.6 years; range = 12-25 years). Six profiles were identified: healthy-independent, unhealthy-independent, balanced, moderate/ambivalent, connected, and distant. The connected profile was predominant among early adolescents, while the healthy-independent profile was predominant among late adolescents and early and middle emerging adults. Among all age groups, identity synthesis was the highest in the healthy-independent profile, and life satisfaction was the highest and identity confusion was the lowest in the healthy-independent and connected profiles. These findings indicate that young people navigate the process of becoming independent from their parents by balancing emotional separation and parental trust, and this balance relates to identity development and life satisfaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazumi Sugimura
- Graduate School of Humanities and Social Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-1-1 Kagamiyama, Higashihiroshima, Hiroshima, 739-8524, Japan.
| | - Shogo Hihara
- Faculty of Business Administration, Matsuyama University, 4-2 Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama, Ehime, 790-8578, Japan
| | - Kai Hatano
- Graduate School of Sustainable System Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai, Osaka, 599-8531, Japan
| | - Reiko Nakama
- Graduate School of Education, Hyogo University of Teacher Education, 942-1 Shimokume, Kato, Hyogo, 673-1494, Japan
| | - Satoko Saiga
- Graduate School of Humanities and Social Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-1-1 Kagamiyama, Higashihiroshima, Hiroshima, 739-8524, Japan
| | - Manabu Tsuzuki
- Faculty of Letters, Chuo University, 742-1 Higashinakano, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0393, Japan
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Fute A, Sun B, Oubibi M. General Self-Esteem as the Mechanism Through Which Early-Childhood Parental Trust and Support Affect Adolescents' Learning Behavior: A Moderated Mediation Model. INQUIRY : A JOURNAL OF MEDICAL CARE ORGANIZATION, PROVISION AND FINANCING 2023; 60:469580231152076. [PMID: 36786367 PMCID: PMC9932760 DOI: 10.1177/00469580231152076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
Parental trust and support are machineries for children's cognitive growth and behaviors exhibited at a later age. Their influence on students' learning engagement at school has been reported, but little is known about the mechanisms through which such a proposed causal effect occurs. This study tested 2 major proposed hypotheses; (1) general self-esteem (GSE) mediates the causal relationship between parents' trust and support (PTS) and Learning engagement (LE). (2) The mediation effect is further moderated by students' college grade level. Data was collected from 1139 college students in Tanzania (Mage = 22.5, SDage = 0.681) who filled out an online-designed questionnaire. SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Science), PROCESS macro of SPSS, and JASP (Jeffrey's Amazing Statistical Program) were used for analyzing data. The results indicated that GSE had a mediating effect (β = .0912, SE = 0.0134, P < .001) on the causal relationship between PTS and LE. The unmediated (direct) effect of PTS on LE (β = .2125, SE = 0.0419, P < .001) was lower than the total effect (β = .3037, SE = 0.0553, P < .001) after the mediation. The interaction effects of PTS (β = .0463, P < .001) and GSE (β = .0495, P < .001) on students' college grades were statistically significant, indicating that the mediation effect of GSE on the causal relationship between PTS and LE was moderated by college grades. Parental trust and support enhance students' behavioral learning at school through their general self-esteem, built from the family level (parenting).
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Affiliation(s)
- Antony Fute
- Zhejiang Normal University, Zhejiang
Province, P.R. China
| | - Binghai Sun
- Zhejiang Normal University, Zhejiang
Province, P.R. China,Binghai Sun, Department of psychology,
College of Teacher Education, Zhejiang Normal University, Zhejiang Province, 688
Yingbin Road, Jinhua 321004, P.R. China.
| | - Mohamed Oubibi
- Zhejiang Normal University, Zhejiang
Province, P.R. China
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Branje S. Adolescent identity development in context. Curr Opin Psychol 2021; 45:101286. [PMID: 35008027 DOI: 10.1016/j.copsyc.2021.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Revised: 10/31/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
One of the key developmental tasks in adolescence is to develop a coherent identity. Studies have increasingly begun to go beyond the study of mean level identity change and examine the underlying mechanisms of identity development at the intraindividual, microlevel, that is, at the level where development is taking place: within the person, in here and now experiences and relationships. Identity development during adolescence is characterized by both systematic maturation and substantial stability. Life events and transitions, as well as accumulating real-time experiences, might play a role in identity development. Optimal development of identity is embedded in high-quality family relationships and friendships in which constructive narrative processes take place.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan Branje
- Department of Youth and Family, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
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Branje S, de Moor EL, Spitzer J, Becht AI. Dynamics of Identity Development in Adolescence: A Decade in Review. JOURNAL OF RESEARCH ON ADOLESCENCE : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR RESEARCH ON ADOLESCENCE 2021; 31:908-927. [PMID: 34820948 PMCID: PMC9298910 DOI: 10.1111/jora.12678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
One of the key developmental tasks in adolescence is to develop a coherent identity. The current review addresses progress in the field of identity research between the years 2010 and 2020. Synthesizing research on the development of identity, we show that identity development during adolescence and early adulthood is characterized by both systematic maturation and substantial stability. This review discusses the role of life events and transitions for identity and the role of micro-processes and narrative processes as a potential mechanisms of personal identity development change. It provides an overview of the linkages between identity development and developmental outcomes, specifically paying attention to within-person processes. It additionally discusses how identity development takes place in the context of close relationships.
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Deno M, Iimura S, Endo T. Reliability and validity of the Emotions as a Child Scale in Japanese children and adolescents: Focusing on children’s anger. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-021-02136-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Benzi IMA, Fontana A, Di Pierro R, Perugini M, Cipresso P, Madeddu F, Clarkin JF, Preti E. Assessment of Personality Functioning in Adolescence: Development of the Adolescent Personality Structure Questionnaire. Assessment 2021; 29:668-685. [PMID: 33455437 DOI: 10.1177/1073191120988157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Adolescence is a crucial period for the development of personality and its dysfunctions. In this regard, it is essential to evaluate the nature and degree of maladaptive personality functioning. However, measures currently available present some limitations, mainly being adaptations from adult's tailored instruments and length. Moreover, no instrument considers the crucial dimensions related to body development and sexuality. This contribution presents data on the Adolescent Personality Structure Questionnaire (APS-Q) development, a self-report measure to capture core aspects of personality functioning in adolescence while being agile and reliable. On two large samples of adolescents (total N = 1,664), we investigated the psychometric properties of the APS-Q. We explored its factor structure and construct and incremental validity in the first sample, testing specific associations with existing measures of severity of personality pathology, maladaptive personality traits, and psychological distress. In the second sample, we confirmed its factor structure, assessing gender and age invariance. Overall, our findings support the APS-Q's validity as a reliable and useful measure to assess personality functioning. Moreover, the APS-Q highlighted developmentally vital dimensions such as self-functioning (encompassing mental and bodily changes and considering the dimension of sexuality), interpersonal functioning (discriminating the dimensions of family and peers), and emotion regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Pietro Cipresso
- IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy.,Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, Italy
| | - Fabio Madeddu
- Università degli Studi di Milano Bicocca, Milan, Italy
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Sugimura K, Iwasa Y, Kobayashi R, Honda T, Hashimoto J, Kashihara S, Zhu J, Yamamoto K, Kawahara T, Anno M, Nakagawa R, Hatano K, Nakao T. Association between long-range temporal correlations in intrinsic EEG activity and subjective sense of identity. Sci Rep 2021; 11:422. [PMID: 33431948 PMCID: PMC7801398 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-79444-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The long-range temporal correlation (LRTC) in resting-state intrinsic brain activity is known to be associated with temporal behavioral patterns, including decision making based on internal criteria such as self-knowledge. However, the association between the neuronal LRTC and the subjective sense of identity remains to be explored; in other words, whether our subjective sense of consistent self across time relates to the temporal consistency of neural activity. The present study examined the relationship between the LRTC of resting-state scalp electroencephalography (EEG) and a subjective sense of identity measured by the Erikson Psychosocial Stage Inventory (EPSI). Consistent with our prediction based on previous studies of neuronal-behavioral relationships, the frontocentral alpha LRTC correlated negatively with identity confusion. Moreover, from the descriptive analyses, centroparietal beta LRTC showed negative correlations with identity confusion, and frontal theta LRTC showed positive relationships with identity synthesis. These results suggest that more temporal consistency (reversely, less random noise) in intrinsic brain activity is associated with less confused and better-synthesized identity. Our data provide further evidence that the LRTC of intrinsic brain activity might serve as a noise suppression mechanism at the psychological level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazumi Sugimura
- grid.257022.00000 0000 8711 3200Graduate School of Humanities and Social Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-1-1, Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima, 739-8524 Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Iwasa
- grid.257022.00000 0000 8711 3200Graduate School of Education, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Ryota Kobayashi
- grid.257022.00000 0000 8711 3200Graduate School of Education, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Tatsuru Honda
- grid.257022.00000 0000 8711 3200Graduate School of Education, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Junya Hashimoto
- grid.257022.00000 0000 8711 3200Graduate School of Education, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Shiho Kashihara
- grid.257022.00000 0000 8711 3200Graduate School of Education, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Jianhong Zhu
- grid.257022.00000 0000 8711 3200Graduate School of Humanities and Social Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-1-1, Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima, 739-8524 Japan
| | - Kazuki Yamamoto
- grid.257022.00000 0000 8711 3200Graduate School of Education, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Kawahara
- grid.257022.00000 0000 8711 3200Graduate School of Education, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Mayo Anno
- grid.257022.00000 0000 8711 3200Faculty of Education, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Risa Nakagawa
- grid.257022.00000 0000 8711 3200Graduate School of Education, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Kai Hatano
- grid.261455.10000 0001 0676 0594Faculty of Liberal Arts and Science, Osaka Prefecture University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takashi Nakao
- grid.257022.00000 0000 8711 3200Graduate School of Humanities and Social Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-1-1, Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima, 739-8524 Japan
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Sugimura K, Hihara S, Hatano K. Emotional separation, parental trust, and psychosocial adjustment in preadolescence and early adolescence. J Adolesc 2020; 84:165-170. [PMID: 32937218 DOI: 10.1016/j.adolescence.2020.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Revised: 08/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Emotional separation and parental trust are two fundamental components of parent-adolescent relationships across different cultural contexts. Previous research showed that emotional separation hindered adolescents' psychosocial adjustment, while parental trust benefited it. However, research on preadolescence is lacking. Preadolescence is a crucial period, as theories and findings suggest that too early autonomy around puberty had negative consequences for psychosocial adjustment. This study focused on preadolescence and early adolescence and tested two hypotheses: that emotional separation would be negatively, and parental trust would be positively, associated with psychosocial adjustment, and that this pattern of associations would be more salient in preadolescence than in early adolescence. METHODS Participants were 856 preadolescent elementary schoolers (49.6% girls; age range 9-12 years, Mage = 10.79, SD = 0.92) and 518 early adolescent junior high schoolers (47.7% girls, age range 12-15 years; Mage = 13.56, SD = 0.98) in Japan, who completed measures of emotional separation, parental trust, and psychosocial adjustment (industry, school adaptation, and daily life behaviors). RESULTS Emotional separation was negatively associated with reviewing learning contents and doing homework. Parental trust was positively associated with industry, school adaptation, waking up at regular times, and observing rules at school. These relationships did not differ between age groups. CONCLUSIONS This study highlights that emotional separation has a negative relationship, and parental trust has a positive relationship, with psychosocial adjustment throughout preadolescence and adolescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazumi Sugimura
- Department of Psychology, Graduate School of Humanities and Social Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-1-1 Kagamiyama, Higashihiroshima City, Hiroshima, 739-8524, Japan.
| | - Shogo Hihara
- Department of Psychology, Graduate School of Humanities and Social Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-1-1 Kagamiyama, Higashihiroshima City, Hiroshima, 739-8524, Japan.
| | - Kai Hatano
- Faculty of Liberal Arts and Science, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai City, Osaka, 599-8531, Japan.
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Fontana A, Ammaniti M, Callea A, Clarkin A, Clarkin JF, Kernberg OF. Development and Validation of the Interview of Personality Organization Processes in Adolescence (IPOP-A). J Pers Assess 2020; 103:352-364. [PMID: 32309997 DOI: 10.1080/00223891.2020.1753753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The assessment of personality and personality pathology in adolescence represents a critical topic to understand adolescent's difficulties, predict long-term outcome in adulthood, and indicate adequate treatment. Personality Organization, and its underlying dimensions, plays an essential role in shaping how adolescents face their developmental tasks as they are connected with psychosocial functioning and psychopathological severity. However, few measures are available to assess personality organization during adolescence. The aim of the present research is to investigate the psychometric properties of the Interview of Personality Organization Processes in Adolescence (IPOP-A), a semi-structured interview designed for the assessment of the main personality organization dimensions in adolescence. Three studies were performed to explore the psychometric properties of the IPOP-A, in terms of factor structure, reliability, convergent, and discriminant validity. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis supported the IPOP-A construct validity. Furthermore, IPOP-A showed good reliability and evidenced a convergent and discriminant validity with DSM-oriented personality patterns, emotion dysregulation, identity disturbance, and psychopathology. Our results provide evidence of IPOP-A validity to assess emerging personality organization in adolescence. Furthermore, the IPOP-A is a promising tool to use in the clinical consultation and treatment planning for the adolescent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Fontana
- Department of Human Sciences, LUMSA University, Rome, Italy
| | - Massimo Ammaniti
- Department of Clinical and Dynamic Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Audrey Clarkin
- Personality Disorder Institute, New York Presbyterian Hospital, Payne Whitney Westchester, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, New York, USA
| | - John F Clarkin
- Personality Disorder Institute, New York Presbyterian Hospital, Payne Whitney Westchester, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Otto F Kernberg
- Personality Disorder Institute, New York Presbyterian Hospital, Payne Whitney Westchester, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, New York, USA
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12
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Hihara S, Sugimura K, Syed M. Forming a Negative Identity in Contemporary Society: Shedding Light on the Most Problematic Identity Resolution. IDENTITY 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/15283488.2018.1524329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shogo Hihara
- Department of Psychology, Hiroshima University, Higashihiroshima, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Kazumi Sugimura
- Department of Psychology, Hiroshima University, Higashihiroshima, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Moin Syed
- Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
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A Culturally Sensitive Approach to the Relationships between Identity Formation and Religious Beliefs in Youth. J Youth Adolesc 2018; 48:668-679. [PMID: 30187258 DOI: 10.1007/s10964-018-0920-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2018] [Accepted: 08/21/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Youth encounter issues of religion in the process of identity formation. However, most prior studies have focused on Christian youth in Western counties. This study examined the relationship between identity formation and religious beliefs in the Eastern national context where Buddhism and non-institutional folk religions are prevalent. Participants were 969 Japanese youth (51.3% female; Mage = 20.1). Both literal and symbolic religious beliefs were included and both a variable- and person-oriented approach were used based on the three-factor identity model. The results from the variable-oriented approach (i.e., identity processes) demonstrated that identity commitment was positively associated with literal religious beliefs, whereas reconsideration of commitment was positively associated with both literal and symbolic religious beliefs. Findings from the person-oriented approach (i.e., identity statuses) confirmed these results. Overall, this study highlights the importance of religious beliefs in the process of identity formation among youth in an Eastern national context.
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