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Villani KR, Zhong R, Henley-Beasley CS, Rastelli G, Harris E, Boncompagni S, Barton ER, Wei-LaPierre L. Loss of Calpain 3 dysregulates store-operated calcium entry and its exercise response in mice. FASEB J 2024; 38:e23825. [PMID: 39031532 PMCID: PMC11299996 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202400697r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2024] [Revised: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/22/2024]
Abstract
Limb-Girdle Muscular Dystrophy R1/2A (LGMD R1/2A) is caused by mutations in the CAPN3 gene encoding Calpain 3, a skeletal-muscle specific, Ca2+-dependent protease. Localization of Calpain 3 within the triad suggests it contributes to Ca2+ homeostasis. Through live-cell Ca2+ measurements, muscle mechanics, immunofluorescence, and electron microscopy (EM) in Capn3 deficient (C3KO) and wild-type (WT) mice, we determined whether loss of Calpain 3 altered Store-Operated Calcium Entry (SOCE) activity. Direct Ca2+ influx measurements revealed loss of Capn3 elicits elevated resting SOCE and increased resting cytosolic Ca2+, supported by high incidence of calcium entry units (CEUs) observed by EM. C3KO and WT mice were subjected to a single bout of treadmill running to elicit SOCE. Within 1HR post-treadmill running, C3KO mice exhibited diminished force production in extensor digitorum longus muscles and a greater decay of Ca2+ transients in flexor digitorum brevis muscle fibers during repetitive stimulation. Striking evidence for impaired exercise-induced SOCE activation in C3KO mice included poor colocalization of key SOCE proteins, stromal-interacting molecule 1 (STIM1) and ORAI1, combined with disappearance of CEUs in C3KO muscles. These results demonstrate that Calpain 3 is a key regulator of SOCE in skeletal muscle and identify SOCE dysregulation as a contributing factor to LGMD R1/2A pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katelyn R. Villani
- Department of Applied Physiology and Kinesiology, College of Health and Human Performance, University of Florida, FL, USA
| | - Renjia Zhong
- Department of Applied Physiology and Kinesiology, College of Health and Human Performance, University of Florida, FL, USA
- Department of Emergency Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - C. Spencer Henley-Beasley
- Department of Applied Physiology and Kinesiology, College of Health and Human Performance, University of Florida, FL, USA
- Myology Institute, University of Florida, FL, USA
| | - Giorgia Rastelli
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology and Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University G. d’Annunzio of Chieti–Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Erin Harris
- Department of Applied Physiology and Kinesiology, College of Health and Human Performance, University of Florida, FL, USA
| | - Simona Boncompagni
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology and Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University G. d’Annunzio of Chieti–Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Elisabeth R. Barton
- Department of Applied Physiology and Kinesiology, College of Health and Human Performance, University of Florida, FL, USA
- Myology Institute, University of Florida, FL, USA
| | - Lan Wei-LaPierre
- Department of Applied Physiology and Kinesiology, College of Health and Human Performance, University of Florida, FL, USA
- Myology Institute, University of Florida, FL, USA
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Zampieri S, Bersch I, Smeriglio P, Barbieri E, Boncompagni S, Maccarone MC, Carraro U. Program with last minute abstracts of the Padua Days on Muscle and Mobility Medicine, 27 February - 2 March, 2024 (2024Pdm3). Eur J Transl Myol 2024; 34:12346. [PMID: 38305708 PMCID: PMC11017178 DOI: 10.4081/ejtm.2024.12346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
During the 2023 Padua Days on Muscle and Mobility Medicine the 2024 meeting was scheduled from 28 February to 2 March 2024 (2024Pdm3). During autumn 2023 the program was expanded with Scientific Sessions which will take place over five days (in 2024 this includes February 29), starting from the afternoon of 27 February 2024 in the Conference Rooms of the Hotel Petrarca, Thermae of Euganean Hills (Padua), Italy. As per consolidated tradition, the second day will take place in Padua, for the occasion in the Sala San Luca of the Monastery of Santa Giustina in Prato della Valle, Padua, Italy. Confirming the attractiveness of the Padua Days on Muscle and Mobility Medicine, over 100 titles were accepted until 15 December 2023 (many more than expected), forcing the organization of parallel sessions on both 1 and 2 March 2024. The five days will include lectures and oral presentations of scientists and clinicians from Argentina, Austria, Belgium, Brazil, Bulgaria, Canada, Denmark, Egypt, France, Germany, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Romania, Russia, Slovenia, Switzerland, UK and USA. Only Australia, China, India and Japan are missing from this edition. But we are confident that authors from those countries who publish articles in the PAGEpress: European Journal of Translational Myology (EJTM: 2022 ESCI Clarivate's Impact Factor: 2.2; SCOPUS Cite Score: 3.2) will decide to join us in the coming years. Together with the program established by 31 January 2024, the abstracts will circulate during the meeting only in the electronic version of the EJTM Issue 34 (1) 2024. See you soon in person at the Hotel Petrarca in Montegrotto Terme, Padua, for the inauguration scheduled the afternoon of 27 February 2024 or on-line for free via Zoom. Send us your email address if you are not traditional participants listed in Pdm3 and EJTM address books.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Zampieri
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, Padua, Italy; Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padua, Italy; Interdepartmental Research Centre of Myology, University of Padova, Padua, Italy; Armando Carraro & Carmela Mioni-Carraro Foundation for Translational Myology, Padua.
| | - Ines Bersch
- Swiss Paraplegic Centre Nottwil, Nottwil, Switzerland; International FES Centre®, Swiss Paraplegic Centre Nottwil, Nottwil.
| | - Piera Smeriglio
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Institut de Myologie, Centre de Recherche en Myologie, Paris.
| | - Elena Barbieri
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino (PU).
| | - Simona Boncompagni
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology, University G. d'Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy; Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University G. d'Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti.
| | | | - Ugo Carraro
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padua, Italy; Interdepartmental Research Centre of Myology, University of Padova, Padua, Italy; Armando Carraro & Carmela Mioni-Carraro Foundation for Translational Myology, Padua.
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3
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Villani KR, Zhong R, Henley-Beasley CS, Rastelli G, Boncompagni S, Barton ER, Wei-LaPierre L. Loss of calpain 3 dysregulates store-operated calcium entry and its exercise response in mice. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.01.12.575391. [PMID: 38293127 PMCID: PMC10827051 DOI: 10.1101/2024.01.12.575391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
Limb-Girdle Muscular Dystrophy 2A (LGMD2A) is caused by mutations in the CAPN3 gene encoding Calpain 3, a skeletal-muscle specific, Ca2+-dependent protease. Localization of Calpain 3 within the triad suggests it contributes to Ca2+ homeostasis. Through live-cell Ca2+ measurements, muscle mechanics, immunofluorescence, and electron microscopy (EM) in Capn3 deficient (C3KO) and wildtype (WT) mice, we determined if loss of Calpain 3 altered Store-Operated Calcium Entry (SOCE) activity. Direct Ca2+ influx measurements revealed loss of Capn3 elicits elevated resting SOCE and increased resting cytosolic Ca2+, supported by high incidence of calcium entry units (CEUs) observed by EM. C3KO and WT mice were subjected to a single bout of treadmill running to elicit SOCE. Within 1HR post-treadmill running, C3KO mice exhibited diminished force production in extensor digitorum longus muscles and a greater decay of Ca2+ transients in flexor digitorum brevis muscle fibers during repetitive stimulation. Striking evidence for impaired exercise-induced SOCE activation in C3KO mice included poor colocalization of key SOCE proteins, stromal-interacting molecule 1 (STIM1) and ORAI1, combined with disappearance of CEUs in C3KO muscles. These results demonstrate that Calpain 3 is a key regulator of SOCE in skeletal muscle and identify SOCE dysregulation as a contributing factor to LGMD2A pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katelyn R. Villani
- Department of Applied Physiology and Kinesiology, College of Health and Human Performance, University of Florida, FL, USA
| | - Renjia Zhong
- Department of Applied Physiology and Kinesiology, College of Health and Human Performance, University of Florida, FL, USA
- Department of Emergency Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - C. Spencer Henley-Beasley
- Department of Applied Physiology and Kinesiology, College of Health and Human Performance, University of Florida, FL, USA
- Myology Institute, University of Florida, FL, USA
| | - Giorgia Rastelli
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology and Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University G. d’Annunzio of Chieti–Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Simona Boncompagni
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology and Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University G. d’Annunzio of Chieti–Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Elisabeth R. Barton
- Department of Applied Physiology and Kinesiology, College of Health and Human Performance, University of Florida, FL, USA
- Myology Institute, University of Florida, FL, USA
| | - Lan Wei-LaPierre
- Department of Applied Physiology and Kinesiology, College of Health and Human Performance, University of Florida, FL, USA
- Myology Institute, University of Florida, FL, USA
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Ferguson CA, Santangelo C, Marramiero L, Farina M, Pietrangelo T, Cheng X. Broadband Electrical Spectroscopy to Distinguish Single-Cell Ca 2+ Changes Due to Ionomycin Treatment in a Skeletal Muscle Cell Line. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 23:s23094358. [PMID: 37177559 PMCID: PMC10181519 DOI: 10.3390/s23094358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Many skeletal muscle diseases such as muscular dystrophy, myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS), and sarcopenia share the dysregulation of calcium (Ca2+) as a key mechanism of disease at a cellular level. Cytosolic concentrations of Ca2+ can signal dysregulation in organelles including the mitochondria, nucleus, and sarcoplasmic reticulum in skeletal muscle. In this work, a treatment is applied to mimic the Ca2+ increase associated with these atrophy-related disease states, and broadband impedance measurements are taken for single cells with and without this treatment using a microfluidic device. The resulting impedance measurements are fitted using a single-shell circuit simulation to show calculated electrical dielectric property contributions based on these Ca2+ changes. From this, similar distributions were seen in the Ca2+ from fluorescence measurements and the distribution of the S-parameter at a single frequency, identifying Ca2+ as the main contributor to the electrical differences being identified. Extracted dielectric parameters also showed different distribution patterns between the untreated and ionomycin-treated groups; however, the overall electrical parameters suggest the impact of Ca2+-induced changes at a wider range of frequencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline A Ferguson
- Department of Bioengineering, P.C. Rossin College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA 18015, USA
| | - Carmen Santangelo
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University "G. d'Annunzio" Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Marramiero
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University "G. d'Annunzio" Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Marco Farina
- Department of Engineering of Information, University Politecnica delle Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy
| | - Tiziana Pietrangelo
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University "G. d'Annunzio" Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Xuanhong Cheng
- Department of Bioengineering, P.C. Rossin College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA 18015, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, P.C. Rossin College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA 18015, USA
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5
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Searching for Mechanisms Underlying the Assembly of Calcium Entry Units: The Role of Temperature and pH. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065328. [PMID: 36982401 PMCID: PMC10049691 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE) is a mechanism that allows muscle fibers to recover external Ca2+, which first enters the cytoplasm andthen, via SERCA pump, also refills the depleted intracellular stores (i.e., the sarcoplasmic reticulum, SR). We recently discovered that SOCE is mediated by Calcium Entry Units (CEUs), intracellular junctions formed by: (i) SR stacks containing STIM1; and (ii) I-band extensions of the transverse tubule (TT) containing Orai1. The number and size of CEUs increase during prolonged muscle activity, though the mechanisms underlying exercise-dependent formation of new CEUs remain to be elucidated. Here, we first subjected isolated extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscles from wild type mice to an exvivo exercise protocol and verified that functional CEUs can assemble alsoin the absence of blood supply and innervation. Then, we evaluated whetherparameters that are influenced by exercise, such as temperature and pH, may influence the assembly of CEUs. Results collected indicate that higher temperature (36 °C vs. 25 °C) and lower pH (7.2 vs. 7.4) increase the percentage of fibers containing SR stacks, the n. of SR stacks/area, and the elongation of TTs at the I band. Functionally, assembly of CEUs at higher temperature (36 °C) or at lower pH (7.2) correlates with increased fatigue resistance of EDL muscles in the presence of extracellular Ca2+. Taken together, these results indicate that CEUs can assemble in isolated EDL muscles and that temperature and pH are two of the possible regulators of CEU formation.
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Protasi F, Girolami B, Roccabianca S, Rossi D. Store-operated calcium entry: From physiology to tubular aggregate myopathy. Curr Opin Pharmacol 2023; 68:102347. [PMID: 36608411 DOI: 10.1016/j.coph.2022.102347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Store-Operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE) is recognized as a key mechanism in muscle physiology necessary to refill intracellular Ca2+ stores during sustained muscle activity. For many years the cell structures expected to mediate SOCE in skeletal muscle fibres remained unknown. Recently, the identification of Ca2+ Entry Units (CEUs) in exercised muscle fibres opened new insights into the role of extracellular Ca2+ in muscle contraction and, more generally, in intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis. Accordingly, intracellular Ca2+ unbalance due to alterations in SOCE strictly correlates with muscle disfunction and disease. Mutations in proteins involved in SOCE (STIM1, ORAI1, and CASQ1) have been linked to tubular aggregate myopathy (TAM), a disease that causes muscle weakness and myalgia and is characterized by a typical accumulation of highly ordered and packed membrane tubules originated from the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR). Achieving a full understanding of the molecular pathways activated by alterations in Ca2+ entry mechanisms is a necessary step to design effective therapies for human SOCE-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feliciano Protasi
- CAST, Center for Advanced Studies and Technology; University G. d'Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, I-66100, Italy; DMSI, Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences; University G. d'Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, I-66100, Italy
| | - Barbara Girolami
- CAST, Center for Advanced Studies and Technology; University G. d'Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, I-66100, Italy; DMSI, Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences; University G. d'Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, I-66100, Italy
| | - Sara Roccabianca
- DMMS, Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine; University of Siena, I-53100, Siena Italy
| | - Daniela Rossi
- DMMS, Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine; University of Siena, I-53100, Siena Italy.
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Michelucci A, Pietrangelo L, Rastelli G, Protasi F, Dirksen RT, Boncompagni S. Constitutive assembly of Ca2+ entry units in soleus muscle from calsequestrin knockout mice. J Gen Physiol 2022; 154:213542. [PMID: 36222861 PMCID: PMC9565155 DOI: 10.1085/jgp.202213114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Calcium (Ca2+) entry units (CEUs) are junctions within the I band of the sarcomere between stacks of sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) cisternae and extensions of the transverse (T)-tubule. CEUs contain STIM1 and Orai1 proteins, the molecular machinery of store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE). In extensor digitorum longus (EDL) fibers of wild-type (WT) mice, CEUs transiently assemble during acute exercise and disassemble several hours thereafter. By contrast, calsequestrin-1 (CASQ1) ablation induces a compensatory constitutive assembly of CEUs in EDL fibers, resulting in enhanced constitutive and maximum SOCE that counteracts SR Ca2+ depletion during repetitive activity. However, whether CEUs form in slow-twitch fibers, which express both the skeletal CASQ1 and the cardiac CASQ2 isoforms, is unknown. Herein, we compared the structure and function of soleus muscles from WT and knockout mice that lack either CASQ1 (CASQ1-null) or both CASQs (dCASQ-null). Ultrastructural analyses showed that SR/T-tubule junctions at the I band, virtually identical to CEUs in EDL muscle, were present and more frequent in CASQ1-null than WT mice, with dCASQ-null exhibiting the highest incidence. The greater incidence of CEUs in soleus from dCASQ-null mice correlated with increased specific force production during repetitive, high-frequency stimulation, which depended on Ca2+ entry. Consistent with this, Orai1 expression was significantly increased in soleus of CASQ1-null mice, but even more in dCASQ-null mice, compared with WT. Together, these results strengthen the concept that CEU assembly strongly depends on CASQ expression and provides an alternative source of Ca2+ needed to refill SR Ca2+ stores to maintain specific force production during sustained muscle activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Michelucci
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology, University G. d'Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy.,Department of Chemistry, Biology, and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Laura Pietrangelo
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology, University G. d'Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy.,Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University G. d'Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Giorgia Rastelli
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology, University G. d'Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Feliciano Protasi
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology, University G. d'Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy.,Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University G. d'Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Robert T Dirksen
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY
| | - Simona Boncompagni
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology, University G. d'Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy.,Department of Neuroscience, Imaging, and Clinical Sciences, University G. D'Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
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8
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Kittelberger JM, Franzini-Armstrong C, Boncompagni S. Ca2+ entry units in a superfast fish muscle. Front Physiol 2022; 13:1036594. [DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.1036594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the past two decades, mounting evidence has demonstrated that a mechanism known as store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE) plays a crucial role in sustaining skeletal muscle contractility by facilitating Ca2+ influx from the extracellular space during sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca2+ depletion. We recently demonstrated that, in exercised fast-twitch muscle from mice, the incidence of Ca2+ entry units (CEUs), newly described intracellular junctions between dead-end longitudinal transverse tubular (T-tubule) extensions and stacks of sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) flat cisternae, strictly correlate with both the capability of fibers to maintain contractions during fatigue and enhanced Ca2+ influx via SOCE. Here, we tested the broader relevance of this result across vertebrates by searching for the presence of CEUs in the vocal muscles of a teleost fish adapted for extended, high-frequency activity. Specifically, we examined active vs. inactive superfast sonic muscles of plainfin midshipman (Porichthys notatus). Interestingly, muscles from actively humming territorial males had a much higher incidence of CEU SR stacks relative to territorial males that were not actively vocalizing, strengthening the concept that assembly of these structures is dynamic and use-dependent, as recently described in exercised muscles from mice. Our results support the hypothesis that CEUs represent a conserved mechanism, across vertebrates, for enabling high levels of repetitive muscle activity, and also provide new insights into the adaptive mechanisms underlying the unique properties of superfast midshipman sonic muscles.
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Protasi F, Girolami B, Serano M, Pietrangelo L, Paolini C. Ablation of Calsequestrin-1, Ca 2+ unbalance, and susceptibility to heat stroke. Front Physiol 2022; 13:1033300. [PMID: 36311237 PMCID: PMC9598425 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.1033300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Ca2+ levels in adult skeletal muscle fibers are mainly controlled by excitation-contraction (EC) coupling, a mechanism that translates action potentials in release of Ca2+ from the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) release channels, i.e. the ryanodine receptors type-1 (RyR1). Calsequestrin (Casq) is a protein that binds large amounts of Ca2+ in the lumen of the SR terminal cisternae, near sites of Ca2+ release. There is general agreement that Casq is not only important for the SR ability to store Ca2+, but also for modulating the opening probability of the RyR Ca2+ release channels. The initial studies: About 20 years ago we generated a mouse model lacking Casq1 (Casq1-null mice), the isoform predominantly expressed in adult fast twitch skeletal muscle. While the knockout was not lethal as expected, lack of Casq1 caused a striking remodeling of membranes of SR and of transverse tubules (TTs), and mitochondrial damage. Functionally, CASQ1-knockout resulted in reduced SR Ca2+ content, smaller Ca2+ transients, and severe SR depletion during repetitive stimulation. The myopathic phenotype of Casq1-null mice: After the initial studies, we discovered that Casq1-null mice were prone to sudden death when exposed to halogenated anaesthetics, heat and even strenuous exercise. These syndromes are similar to human malignant hyperthermia susceptibility (MHS) and environmental-exertional heat stroke (HS). We learned that mechanisms underlying these syndromes involved excessive SR Ca2+ leak and excessive production of oxidative species: indeed, mortality and mitochondrial damage were significantly prevented by administration of antioxidants and reduction of oxidative stress. Though, how Casq1-null mice could survive without the most important SR Ca2+ binding protein was a puzzling issue that was not solved. Unravelling the mystery: The mystery was finally solved in 2020, when we discovered that in Casq1-null mice the SR undergoes adaptations that result in constitutively active store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE). SOCE is a mechanism that allows skeletal fibers to use external Ca2+ when SR stores are depleted. The post-natal compensatory mechanism that allows Casq1-null mice to survive involves the assembly of new SR-TT junctions (named Ca2+ entry units) containing Stim1 and Orai1, the two proteins that mediate SOCE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feliciano Protasi
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology, University G. d’Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University G. d’Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Barbara Girolami
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology, University G. d’Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University G. d’Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Matteo Serano
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology, University G. d’Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University G. d’Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Laura Pietrangelo
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology, University G. d’Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University G. d’Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Cecilia Paolini
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology, University G. d’Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University G. d’Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
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10
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Sun W, Hu J, Li M, Huo J, Zhu X. Stormorken syndrome caused by STIM1 mutation: A case report and literature review. MEDICINE INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2:29. [PMID: 36698909 PMCID: PMC9829216 DOI: 10.3892/mi.2022.54] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the present case study was to identify the genetic cause of a patient with a clinical presentation of tubular aggregate myopathy (TAM)/Stormorken syndrome (STRMK) and review the published clinical data of patients with TAM/STRMK. A child with thrombocytopenia and hyperCKemia at the Children's Hospital of Soochow University were recruited in the study. Peripheral blood samples of the infant and her parents were collected, and then whole-exome sequencing was performed. Detection of the stromal interaction molecule 1 (STIM1) level of the child was performed using western blot analysis. In addition, a literature review was performed based on a thorough retrieval of published literature from the PubMed database, as well as domestic databases. In the present study, the c.326A>G mutation in a STIM1 allele (p.H109R) was identified only in the child, as opposed to the unaffected parents. The level of STIM1 was not decreased in the child. Among the mutation sites identified in previous studies, there were 46 cases across 30 families of STIM1 EF-hand mutations, 21 cases across 14 families of STIM1 CC1 mutations and 20 cases across 8 families of calcium release-activated calcium channel protein 1 mutations, in which 7 parents had the same mutation site as the patient described herein. On the whole, it is demonstrated that TAM/STRMK is an extremely rare disease with autosomal dominant inheritance. Patients often have multisystemic signs. Gene detection at an early stage is helpful for diagnosis. Long-term exercise training may also have a certain curative effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqiang Sun
- Department of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215025, P.R. China
| | - Jinhui Hu
- Department of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215025, P.R. China
| | - Mengzhao Li
- Department of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215025, P.R. China
| | - Jie Huo
- Department of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215025, P.R. China
| | - Xueping Zhu
- Department of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215025, P.R. China
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11
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Effects of Exercise on Skeletal Muscle Pathophysiology in Huntington's Disease. J Funct Morphol Kinesiol 2022; 7:jfmk7020040. [PMID: 35645302 PMCID: PMC9149967 DOI: 10.3390/jfmk7020040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Huntington's disease (HD) is a rare, hereditary, and progressive neurodegenerative disease, characterized by involuntary choreatic movements with cognitive and behavioral disturbances. In order to mitigate impairments in motor function, physical exercise was integrated in HD rehabilitative interventions, showing to be a powerful tool to ameliorate the quality of life of HD-affected patients. This review aims to describe the effects of physical exercise on HD-related skeletal muscle disorders in both murine and human models. We performed a literature search using PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases on the role of physical activity in mouse models of HD and human patients. Fifteen publications fulfilled the criteria and were included in the review. Studies performed on mouse models showed a controversial role played by exercise, whereas in HD-affected patients, physical activity appeared to have positive effects on gait, motor function, UHDMRS scale, cognitive function, quality of life, postural stability, total body mass, fatty acid oxidative capacity, and VO2 max. Physical activity seems to be feasible, safe, and effective for HD patients. However, further studies with longer follow-up and larger cohorts of patients will be needed to draw firm conclusions on the positive effects of exercise for HD patients.
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12
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Store-Operated Ca 2+ Entry in Skeletal Muscle Contributes to the Increase in Body Temperature during Exertional Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23073772. [PMID: 35409132 PMCID: PMC8998704 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23073772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 03/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Exertional heat stroke (HS) is a hyperthermic crisis triggered by an excessive accumulation of Ca2+ in skeletal muscle fibers. We demonstrated that exercise leads to the formation of calcium entry units (CEUs), which are intracellular junctions that reduce muscle fatigue by promoting the recovery of extracellular Ca2+ via store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE). Here, we tested the hypothesis that exercise-induced assembly of CEUs may increase the risk of HS when physical activity is performed in adverse environmental conditions (high temperature and humidity). Adult mice were: (a) first, divided into three experimental groups: control, trained-1 month (voluntary running in wheel cages), and acutely exercised-1 h (incremental treadmill run); and (b) then subjected to an exertional stress (ES) protocol, a treadmill run in an environmental chamber at 34 °C and 40% humidity. The internal temperature of the mice at the end of the ES was higher in both pre-exercised groups. During an ES ex-vivo protocol, extensor digitorum longus(EDL) muscles from the trained-1 month and exercised-1 h mice generated greater basal tension than in the control and were those that contained a greater number of CEUs, assessed by electron microscopy. The data collected suggest that the entry of Ca2+ from extracellular space via CEUs could contribute to exertional HS when exercise is performed in adverse environmental conditions.
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13
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Rossi D, Pierantozzi E, Amadsun DO, Buonocore S, Rubino EM, Sorrentino V. The Sarcoplasmic Reticulum of Skeletal Muscle Cells: A Labyrinth of Membrane Contact Sites. Biomolecules 2022; 12:488. [PMID: 35454077 PMCID: PMC9026860 DOI: 10.3390/biom12040488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The sarcoplasmic reticulum of skeletal muscle cells is a highly ordered structure consisting of an intricate network of tubules and cisternae specialized for regulating Ca2+ homeostasis in the context of muscle contraction. The sarcoplasmic reticulum contains several proteins, some of which support Ca2+ storage and release, while others regulate the formation and maintenance of this highly convoluted organelle and mediate the interaction with other components of the muscle fiber. In this review, some of the main issues concerning the biology of the sarcoplasmic reticulum will be described and discussed; particular attention will be addressed to the structure and function of the two domains of the sarcoplasmic reticulum supporting the excitation-contraction coupling and Ca2+-uptake mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Rossi
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, Via Aldo Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy; (E.P.); (D.O.A.); (S.B.); (E.M.R.); (V.S.)
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14
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Effect Mechanism of Electroacupuncture at ST36 on the Injured Extensor Digitorum Longus in the Jumping Rat Model Based on mRNA-Seq Analysis. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9121849. [PMID: 34944666 PMCID: PMC8698353 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9121849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The key target and regulatory mechanism of electroacupuncture of Zusanli (ST36) on extensor longus muscle injury in a jumping rat model were investigated. To this end, 24 female SD rats were randomly divided into the following four groups: no-treatment control group (NON), 6-week jumping group (J6O), electroacupuncture group after 6-week jumping (J6A), and natural recovery group after 6-week jumping (J6N). After 6 weeks of jumping, in the electroacupuncture group (J6A), electroacupuncture stimulation was applied at Zusanli(ST36) for 20 min per day over the course of 5 days. In the natural recovery group (J6N), rats were fastened with a special apparatus without electroacupuncture stimulation for 20 min at the same time. Transmission electron microscopy, transcriptome sequencing and analysis, Western blotting assay and immunofluorescence staining were performed at the end of our experiment. The recovery effect of J6A rats was more obvious than that of J6N rats and J6O rats as indicated by changes of infiltration of inflammatory cells and morphological structure. Notably, the morphological structure of J6A rats was closer to NON rats in the observation of transmission electron microscopy. CISH/STAT3 regulation was identified by mRNA-seq. The pro-inflammatory response to STAT3 activation was alleviated through up-regulating the expression of CISH protein in J6A rats relative to J6O rats. The level of BAX was decreased and the level of Bcl-2 level was increased in J6A rats relative to J6O rats. Moreover, when compared to J6N rats, the level of Bcl-2 was significantly up-regulated in J6A rats. Increased caspase-3 expression but decreased CDKN2α expression was shown in J6A rats relative to NON rats. These results indicate that the potential mechanism underlying electroacupuncture stimulation of Zusanli (ST36) in repairing the injured extensor digitorum longus following overused jumping may be attributed to CISH/STAT3 regulation of proteins associated with inflammation, apoptosis, and proliferation.
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15
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Rincón OA, Milán AF, Calderón JC, Giraldo MA. Comprehensive Simulation of Ca 2+ Transients in the Continuum of Mouse Skeletal Muscle Fiber Types. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:12378. [PMID: 34830262 PMCID: PMC8624975 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222212378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Mag-Fluo-4 has revealed differences in the kinetics of the Ca2+ transients of mammalian fiber types (I, IIA, IIX, and IIB). We simulated the changes in [Ca2+] through the sarcomere of these four fiber types, considering classical (troponin -Tn-, parvalbumin -Pv-, adenosine triphosphate -ATP-, sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ pump -SERCA-, and dye) and new (mitochondria -MITO-, Na+/Ca2+ exchanger -NCX-, and store-operated calcium entry -SOCE-) Ca2+ binding sites, during single and tetanic stimulation. We found that during a single twitch, the sarcoplasmic peak [Ca2+] for fibers type IIB and IIX was around 16 µM, and for fibers type I and IIA reached 10-13 µM. The release rate in fibers type I, IIA, IIX, and IIB was 64.8, 153.6, 238.8, and 244.5 µM ms-1, respectively. Both the pattern of change and the peak concentrations of the Ca2+-bound species in the sarcoplasm (Tn, PV, ATP, and dye), the sarcolemma (NCX, SOCE), and the SR (SERCA) showed the order IIB ≥ IIX > IIA > I. The capacity of the NCX was 2.5, 1.3, 0.9, and 0.8% of the capacity of SERCA, for fibers type I, IIA, IIX, and IIB, respectively. MITO peak [Ca2+] ranged from 0.93 to 0.23 µM, in fibers type I and IIB, respectively, while intermediate values were obtained in fibers IIA and IIX. The latter numbers doubled during tetanic stimulation. In conclusion, we presented a comprehensive mathematical model of the excitation-contraction coupling that integrated most classical and novel Ca2+ handling mechanisms, overcoming the limitations of the fast- vs. slow-fibers dichotomy and the use of slow dyes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oscar A. Rincón
- Biophysics Group, Institute of Physics, University of Antioquia, Medellín 050010, Colombia;
- Physiology and Biochemistry Research Group-PHYSIS, Faculty of Medicine, University of Antioquia, Medellín 050010, Colombia; (A.F.M.); (J.C.C.)
| | - Andrés F. Milán
- Physiology and Biochemistry Research Group-PHYSIS, Faculty of Medicine, University of Antioquia, Medellín 050010, Colombia; (A.F.M.); (J.C.C.)
| | - Juan C. Calderón
- Physiology and Biochemistry Research Group-PHYSIS, Faculty of Medicine, University of Antioquia, Medellín 050010, Colombia; (A.F.M.); (J.C.C.)
| | - Marco A. Giraldo
- Biophysics Group, Institute of Physics, University of Antioquia, Medellín 050010, Colombia;
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16
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Lilliu E, Koenig S, Koenig X, Frieden M. Store-Operated Calcium Entry in Skeletal Muscle: What Makes It Different? Cells 2021; 10:cells10092356. [PMID: 34572005 PMCID: PMC8468011 DOI: 10.3390/cells10092356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Current knowledge on store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE) regarding its localization, kinetics, and regulation is mostly derived from studies performed in non-excitable cells. After a long time of relative disinterest in skeletal muscle SOCE, this mechanism is now recognized as an essential contributor to muscle physiology, as highlighted by the muscle pathologies that are associated with mutations in the SOCE molecules STIM1 and Orai1. This review mainly focuses on the peculiar aspects of skeletal muscle SOCE that differentiate it from its counterpart found in non-excitable cells. This includes questions about SOCE localization and the movement of respective proteins in the highly organized skeletal muscle fibers, as well as the diversity of expressed STIM isoforms and their differential expression between muscle fiber types. The emerging evidence of a phasic SOCE, which is activated during EC coupling, and its physiological implication is described as well. The specific issues related to the use of SOCE modulators in skeletal muscles are discussed. This review highlights the complexity of SOCE activation and its regulation in skeletal muscle, with an emphasis on the most recent findings and the aim to reach a current picture of this mesmerizing phenomenon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Lilliu
- Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Department of Neurophysiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria;
| | - Stéphane Koenig
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, University of Geneva, 1201 Geneva, Switzerland;
| | - Xaver Koenig
- Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Department of Neurophysiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria;
- Correspondence: (X.K.); (M.F.)
| | - Maud Frieden
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, University of Geneva, 1201 Geneva, Switzerland;
- Correspondence: (X.K.); (M.F.)
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17
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Michelucci A, Liang C, Protasi F, Dirksen RT. Altered Ca 2+ Handling and Oxidative Stress Underlie Mitochondrial Damage and Skeletal Muscle Dysfunction in Aging and Disease. Metabolites 2021; 11:metabo11070424. [PMID: 34203260 PMCID: PMC8304741 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11070424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle contraction relies on both high-fidelity calcium (Ca2+) signals and robust capacity for adenosine triphosphate (ATP) generation. Ca2+ release units (CRUs) are highly organized junctions between the terminal cisternae of the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) and the transverse tubule (T-tubule). CRUs provide the structural framework for rapid elevations in myoplasmic Ca2+ during excitation-contraction (EC) coupling, the process whereby depolarization of the T-tubule membrane triggers SR Ca2+ release through ryanodine receptor-1 (RyR1) channels. Under conditions of local or global depletion of SR Ca2+ stores, store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE) provides an additional source of Ca2+ that originates from the extracellular space. In addition to Ca2+, skeletal muscle also requires ATP to both produce force and to replenish SR Ca2+ stores. Mitochondria are the principal intracellular organelles responsible for ATP production via aerobic respiration. This review provides a broad overview of the literature supporting a role for impaired Ca2+ handling, dysfunctional Ca2+-dependent production of reactive oxygen/nitrogen species (ROS/RNS), and structural/functional alterations in CRUs and mitochondria in the loss of muscle mass, reduction in muscle contractility, and increase in muscle damage in sarcopenia and a wide range of muscle disorders including muscular dystrophy, rhabdomyolysis, central core disease, and disuse atrophy. Understanding the impact of these processes on normal muscle function will provide important insights into potential therapeutic targets designed to prevent or reverse muscle dysfunction during aging and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Michelucci
- DNICS, Department of Neuroscience, Imaging, and Clinical Sciences, University G. d’Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, I-66100 Chieti, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Chen Liang
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA; (C.L.); (R.T.D.)
| | - Feliciano Protasi
- CAST, Center for Advanced Studies and Technology, DMSI, Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University G. d’Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, I-66100 Chieti, Italy;
| | - Robert T. Dirksen
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA; (C.L.); (R.T.D.)
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18
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Protasi F, Pietrangelo L, Boncompagni S. Improper Remodeling of Organelles Deputed to Ca 2+ Handling and Aerobic ATP Production Underlies Muscle Dysfunction in Ageing. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:6195. [PMID: 34201319 PMCID: PMC8228829 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22126195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Proper skeletal muscle function is controlled by intracellular Ca2+ concentration and by efficient production of energy (ATP), which, in turn, depend on: (a) the release and re-uptake of Ca2+ from sarcoplasmic-reticulum (SR) during excitation-contraction (EC) coupling, which controls the contraction and relaxation of sarcomeres; (b) the uptake of Ca2+ into the mitochondrial matrix, which stimulates aerobic ATP production; and finally (c) the entry of Ca2+ from the extracellular space via store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE), a mechanism that is important to limit/delay muscle fatigue. Abnormalities in Ca2+ handling underlie many physio-pathological conditions, including dysfunction in ageing. The specific focus of this review is to discuss the importance of the proper architecture of organelles and membrane systems involved in the mechanisms introduced above for the correct skeletal muscle function. We reviewed the existing literature about EC coupling, mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake, SOCE and about the structural membranes and organelles deputed to those functions and finally, we summarized the data collected in different, but complementary, projects studying changes caused by denervation and ageing to the structure and positioning of those organelles: a. denervation of muscle fibers-an event that contributes, to some degree, to muscle loss in ageing (known as sarcopenia)-causes misplacement and damage: (i) of membrane structures involved in EC coupling (calcium release units, CRUs) and (ii) of the mitochondrial network; b. sedentary ageing causes partial disarray/damage of CRUs and of calcium entry units (CEUs, structures involved in SOCE) and loss/misplacement of mitochondria; c. functional electrical stimulation (FES) and regular exercise promote the rescue/maintenance of the proper architecture of CRUs, CEUs, and of mitochondria in both denervation and ageing. All these structural changes were accompanied by related functional changes, i.e., loss/decay in function caused by denervation and ageing, and improved function following FES or exercise. These data suggest that the integrity and proper disposition of intracellular organelles deputed to Ca2+ handling and aerobic generation of ATP is challenged by inactivity (or reduced activity); modifications in the architecture of these intracellular membrane systems may contribute to muscle dysfunction in ageing and sarcopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feliciano Protasi
- CAST, Center for Advanced Studies and Technology, University G. d’Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, I-66100 Chieti, Italy; (L.P.); (S.B.)
- DMSI, Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University G. d’Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, I-66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Laura Pietrangelo
- CAST, Center for Advanced Studies and Technology, University G. d’Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, I-66100 Chieti, Italy; (L.P.); (S.B.)
- DMSI, Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University G. d’Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, I-66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Simona Boncompagni
- CAST, Center for Advanced Studies and Technology, University G. d’Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, I-66100 Chieti, Italy; (L.P.); (S.B.)
- DNICS, Department of Neuroscience and Clinical Sciences, University G. d’Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, I-66100 Chieti, Italy
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19
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Khan MS, Shaw RM. Huntington's disease skeletal muscle has altered T-tubules. J Gen Physiol 2021; 153:e202012843. [PMID: 33978682 PMCID: PMC8126974 DOI: 10.1085/jgp.202012843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Romer et al. explored T-tubules in skeletal muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad S. Khan
- Nora Eccles Harrison Cardiovascular Research and Training Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - Robin M. Shaw
- Nora Eccles Harrison Cardiovascular Research and Training Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT
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20
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Carraro U, Yablonka-Reuveni Z. Translational research on Myology and Mobility Medicine: 2021 semi-virtual PDM3 from Thermae of Euganean Hills, May 26 - 29, 2021. Eur J Transl Myol 2021; 31:9743. [PMID: 33733717 PMCID: PMC8056169 DOI: 10.4081/ejtm.2021.9743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
On 19-21 November 2020, the meeting of the 30 years of the Padova Muscle Days was virtually held while the SARS-CoV-2 epidemic was hitting the world after a seemingly quiet summer. During the 2020-2021 winter, the epidemic is still active, despite the start of vaccinations. The organizers hope to hold the 2021 Padua Days on Myology and Mobility Medicine in a semi-virtual form (2021 S-V PDM3) from May 26 to May 29 at the Thermae of Euganean Hills, Padova, Italy. Here the program and the Collection of Abstracts are presented. Despite numerous world problems, the number of submitted/selected presentations (lectures and oral presentations) has increased, prompting the organizers to extend the program to four dense days.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ugo Carraro
- Department of Biomedical Sciences of the University of Padova, Italy; CIR-Myo - Myology Centre, University of Padova, Italy; A-C Mioni-Carraro Foundation for Translational Myology, Padova.
| | - Zipora Yablonka-Reuveni
- Department of Biological Structure, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA.
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21
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Boncompagni S, Pecorai C, Michelucci A, Pietrangelo L, Protasi F. Long-Term Exercise Reduces Formation of Tubular Aggregates and Promotes Maintenance of Ca 2+ Entry Units in Aged Muscle. Front Physiol 2021; 11:601057. [PMID: 33469430 PMCID: PMC7813885 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.601057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Tubular aggregates (TAs) in skeletal muscle fibers are unusual accumulation of sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) tubes that are found in different disorders including TA myopathy (TAM). TAM is a muscular disease characterized by muscle pain, cramping, and weakness that has been recently linked to mutations in STIM1 and ORAI1. STIM1 and ORAI1 are the two main proteins mediating store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE), a mechanism activated by depletion of intracellular Ca2+ stores (e.g., SR) that allows recovery of Ca2+ from the extracellular space during repetitive muscle activity. We have recently shown that exercise triggers the formation of unique intracellular junctions between SR and transverse tubules named Ca 2+ entry units (CEUs). CEUs promote colocalization of STIM1 with ORAI1 and improve muscle function in presence of external Ca2+. TAs virtually identical to those of TAM patients are also found in fast-twitch fibers of aging male mice. Here, we used a combination of electron and confocal microscopy, Western blotting, and ex vivo stimulation protocols (in presence or absence of external Ca2+) to evaluate the presence of TAs, STIM1-ORAI1 localization and expression and fatigue resistance of intact extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscles in wild-type male adult (4-month-old) and aged (24-month-old) mice and in mice trained in wheel cages for 15 months (from 9 to 24 months of age). The results collected indicate that (i) aging causes STIM1 and ORAI1 to accumulate in TAs and (ii) long-term exercise significantly reduced formation of TAs. In addition, (iii) EDL muscles from aged mice exhibited a faster decay of contractile force than adult muscles, likely caused by their inability to refill intracellular Ca2+ stores, and (iv) exercise in wheel cages restored the capability of aged EDL muscles to use external Ca2+ by promoting maintenance of CEUs. In conclusion, exercise prevented improper accumulation of STIM1 and ORAI1 in TAs during aging, maintaining the capability of aged muscle to refill intracellular Ca2+ stores via SOCE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Boncompagni
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), University G. d’Annunzio (Ud’A) of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences (DNICS), University G. d’Annunzio (Ud’A) of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Claudia Pecorai
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), University G. d’Annunzio (Ud’A) of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences (DMSI), University G. d’Annunzio (Ud’A) of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Antonio Michelucci
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), University G. d’Annunzio (Ud’A) of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences (DMSI), University G. d’Annunzio (Ud’A) of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Laura Pietrangelo
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), University G. d’Annunzio (Ud’A) of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences (DMSI), University G. d’Annunzio (Ud’A) of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Feliciano Protasi
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), University G. d’Annunzio (Ud’A) of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences (DMSI), University G. d’Annunzio (Ud’A) of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
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22
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Sztretye M, Singlár Z, Balogh N, Kis G, Szentesi P, Angyal Á, Balatoni I, Csernoch L, Dienes B. The Role of Orai1 in Regulating Sarcoplasmic Calcium Release, Mitochondrial Morphology and Function in Myostatin Deficient Skeletal Muscle. Front Physiol 2020; 11:601090. [PMID: 33408641 PMCID: PMC7779810 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.601090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
In mice a naturally occurring 12-bp deletion in the myostatin gene is considered responsible for the compact phenotype (MstnCmpt-dl1Abc, Cmpt) labeled by a tremendous increase in body weight along with signs of muscle weakness, easier fatigability, decreased Orai1 expression and store operated calcium entry (SOCE). Here, on the one hand, Cmpt fibers were reconstructed with venus-Orai1 but this failed to restore SOCE. On the other hand, the endogenous Orai1 was silenced in fibers from wild type C57Bl6 mice which resulted in ∼70% of Orai1 being silenced in whole muscle homogenates as confirmed by Western blot, accompanied by an inhibitory effect on the voltage dependence of SR calcium release that manifested in a slight shift toward more positive potential values. This maneuver completely hampered SOCE. Our observations are consistent with the idea that Orai1 channels are present in distinct pools responsible for either a rapid refilling of the SR terminal cisternae connected to each voltage-activated calcium transient, or a slow SOCE associated with an overall depletion of calcium in the SR lumen. Furthermore, when Cmpt cells were loaded with the mitochondrial membrane potential sensitive dye TMRE, fiber segments with depolarized mitochondria were identified covering on average 26.5 ± 1.5% of the fiber area. These defective areas were located around the neuromuscular junction and displayed significantly smaller calcium transients. The ultrastructural analysis of the Cmpt fibers revealed changes in the mitochondrial morphology. In addition, the mitochondrial calcium uptake during repetitive stimulation was higher in the Cmpt fibers. Our results favor the idea that reduced function and/or expression of SOCE partners (in this study Orai1) and mitochondrial defects could play an important role in muscle weakness and degeneration associated with certain pathologies, perhaps including loss of function of the neuromuscular junction and aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mónika Sztretye
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Singlár
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Norbert Balogh
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Gréta Kis
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Péter Szentesi
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Ágnes Angyal
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Ildikó Balatoni
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - László Csernoch
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Beatrix Dienes
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
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Carraro U. 30 Years of Translational Mobility Medicine: 2020 Padua Muscle Days go virtual from Euganean Hills, November 19th to 21st. Eur J Transl Myol 2020; 30:9437. [PMID: 33520146 PMCID: PMC7844408 DOI: 10.4081/ejtm.2020.9437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In the autumn of 2019, the 2020 Padua Muscle Days (PMDs) were planned to be held from March 18 to March 21, 2020. The program listed Scientific Sessions to occur over three full days at either Padova University or the Hotel Augustus on Euganei Hills (Padova), Italy. Abruptly, however, in early January the Coronavirus COVID-19 outbreak started in China and changed the world perspectives. In Italy, the epidemia had the first Italian cases and victims in an area south of Milan and in a Village of the Euganei Hills (Vo Euganeo, Padova). Thus, it was a mandatory decision to post-pone the PMDs meeting to 19-21 November, 2020. Luckily, almost all chairs, speakers, and attendees accepted the decision and have assured their presence in late November by long-distance communications. Thus, the Collection of Abstracts were e-published in 30(1) 2020 Issue of the European Journal of Translational Myology (EJTM) together with the many EJTM Communications submitted by speakers and attendees of the 2020 PMDs Here we add a few new entries and the detailed Program of the 2020 Virtual PMDs to be organized November 19-21, 2020 from the Hotel Petrarca of Euganei Hills (Padova), Italy. The Program of the 2020 Virtual PMDs ends with invitation by Zipora Yablonka-Reuveni and myself to the 2021 (Virtual) Padua Muscle Days, March 25-27, Euganei Hills (Padova), Italy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ugo Carraro
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Italy.,Armando & Carmela Mioni-Carraro Foundation for Translational Myology Padova, Italy
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