1
|
Bufano M, Puxeddu M, Nalli M, La Regina G, Toto A, Liberati FR, Paone A, Cutruzzolà F, Masci D, Bigogno C, Dondio G, Silvestri R, Gianni S, Coluccia A. Targeting the Grb2 cSH3 domain: Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of the first series of modulators. Bioorg Chem 2023; 138:106607. [PMID: 37210829 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2023.106607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Growth factor receptor bound protein 2 (Grb2) is an adaptor protein featured by a nSH3-SH2-cSH3 domains. Grb2 finely regulates important cellular pathways such as growth, proliferation and metabolism and a minor lapse of this tight control may totally change the entire pathway to the oncogenic. Indeed, Grb2 is found overexpressed in many tumours type. Consequently, Grb2 is an attractive therapeutic target for the development of new anticancer drug. Herein, we reported the synthesis and the biological evaluation of a series of Grb2 inhibitors, developed starting from a hit-compound already reported by this research unit. The newly synthesized compounds were evaluated by kinetic binding experiments, and the most promising derivatives were assayed in a short panel of cancer cells. Five of the newly synthesized derivatives proved to be able to bind the targeted protein with valuable inhibitory concentration in one-digit micromolar concentration. The most active compound of this series, derivative 12, showed an inhibitory concentration of about 6 μM for glioblastoma and ovarian cancer cells, and an IC50 of 1.67 for lung cancer cell. For derivative 12, the metabolic stability and the ROS production was also evaluated. The biological data together with the docking studies led to rationalize an early structure activity relationship.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marianna Bufano
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Sapienza Università di Roma, Laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia - Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, I-00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Michela Puxeddu
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Sapienza Università di Roma, Laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia - Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, I-00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Marianna Nalli
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Sapienza Università di Roma, Laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia - Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, I-00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Giuseppe La Regina
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Sapienza Università di Roma, Laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia - Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, I-00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Angelo Toto
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biochimiche "A. Rossi Fanelli" and Istituto di Biologia e Patologia Molecolari del CNR, Sapienza Università di Roma, Laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia - Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, I-00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Francesca Romana Liberati
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biochimiche "A. Rossi Fanelli" and Istituto di Biologia e Patologia Molecolari del CNR, Sapienza Università di Roma, Laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia - Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, I-00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Alessio Paone
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biochimiche "A. Rossi Fanelli" and Istituto di Biologia e Patologia Molecolari del CNR, Sapienza Università di Roma, Laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia - Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, I-00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Francesca Cutruzzolà
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biochimiche "A. Rossi Fanelli" and Istituto di Biologia e Patologia Molecolari del CNR, Sapienza Università di Roma, Laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia - Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, I-00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Domiziana Masci
- Department of Basic Biotechnological Sciences, Intensivological and Perioperative Clinics, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Largo Francesco Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Bigogno
- Aphad SrL, Via della Resistenza 65, 20090 Buccinasco, Italy
| | - Giulio Dondio
- Aphad SrL, Via della Resistenza 65, 20090 Buccinasco, Italy
| | - Romano Silvestri
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Sapienza Università di Roma, Laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia - Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, I-00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Stefano Gianni
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biochimiche "A. Rossi Fanelli" and Istituto di Biologia e Patologia Molecolari del CNR, Sapienza Università di Roma, Laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia - Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, I-00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Antonio Coluccia
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Sapienza Università di Roma, Laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia - Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, I-00185 Roma, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Xiao T, Zhang M, Ji H. Synthesis and Biochemical Evaluation of Monocarboxylic GRB2 SH2 Domain Inhibitors. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2705:269-290. [PMID: 37668980 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3393-9_15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
This protocol discloses the synthesis of monocarboxylic inhibitors with a macrocyclic peptide scaffold to bind with the GRB2 SH2 domain and disrupt the protein-protein interactions (PPIs) between GRB2 and phosphotyrosine-containing proteins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Xiao
- Drug Discovery Department, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
- Departments of Oncologic Sciences and Chemistry, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Min Zhang
- Drug Discovery Department, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
- Departments of Oncologic Sciences and Chemistry, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Haitao Ji
- Drug Discovery Department, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA.
- Departments of Oncologic Sciences and Chemistry, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Hager R, Müller U, Ollinger N, Weghuber J, Lanzerstorfer P. Subcellular Dynamic Immunopatterning of Cytosolic Protein Complexes on Microstructured Polymer Substrates. ACS Sens 2021; 6:4076-4088. [PMID: 34652152 PMCID: PMC8630788 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.1c01574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Analysis of protein–protein
interactions in living cells
by protein micropatterning is currently limited to the spatial arrangement
of transmembrane proteins and their corresponding downstream molecules.
Here, we present a robust and straightforward method for dynamic immunopatterning
of cytosolic protein complexes by use of an artificial transmembrane
bait construct in combination with microstructured antibody arrays
on cyclic olefin polymer substrates. As a proof, the method was used
to characterize Grb2-mediated signaling pathways downstream of the
epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). Ternary protein complexes
(Shc1:Grb2:SOS1 and Grb2:Gab1:PI3K) were identified, and we found
that EGFR downstream signaling is based on constitutively bound (Grb2:SOS1
and Grb2:Gab1) as well as on agonist-dependent protein associations
with transient interaction properties (Grb2:Shc1 and Grb2:PI3K). Spatiotemporal
analysis further revealed significant differences in stability and
exchange kinetics of protein interactions. Furthermore, we could show
that this approach is well suited to study the efficacy and specificity
of SH2 and SH3 protein domain inhibitors in a live cell context. Altogether,
this method represents a significant enhancement of quantitative subcellular
micropatterning approaches as an alternative to standard biochemical
analyses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roland Hager
- University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria, School of Engineering, 4600 Wels, Austria
| | - Ulrike Müller
- University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria, School of Engineering, 4600 Wels, Austria
| | - Nicole Ollinger
- Austrian Competence Centre for Feed and Food Quality, Safety & Innovation, Head Office: FFoQSI GmbH, Technopark 1C, 3430 Tulln, Austria
| | - Julian Weghuber
- University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria, School of Engineering, 4600 Wels, Austria
- Austrian Competence Centre for Feed and Food Quality, Safety & Innovation, Head Office: FFoQSI GmbH, Technopark 1C, 3430 Tulln, Austria
| | - Peter Lanzerstorfer
- University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria, School of Engineering, 4600 Wels, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Xiao T, Sun L, Zhang M, Li Z, Haura EB, Schonbrunn E, Ji H. Synthesis and structural characterization of a monocarboxylic inhibitor for GRB2 SH2 domain. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2021; 51:128354. [PMID: 34506932 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2021.128354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 08/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A monocarboxylic inhibitor was designed and synthesized to disrupt the protein-protein interaction (PPI) between GRB2 and phosphotyrosine-containing proteins. Biochemical characterizations show compound 7 binds with the Src homology 2 (SH2) domain of GRB2 and is more potent than EGFR1068 phosphopeptide 14-mer. X-ray crystallographic studies demonstrate compound 7 occupies the GRB2 binding site for phosphotyrosine-containing sequences and reveal key structural features for GRB2-inhibitor binding. This compound with a -1 formal charge offers a new direction for structural optimization to generate cell-permeable inhibitors for this key protein target of the aberrant Ras-MAPK signaling cascade.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Xiao
- Drug Discovery Department, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, 12902 Magnolia Drive, Tampa, FL 33612, United States
| | - Luxin Sun
- Drug Discovery Department, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, 12902 Magnolia Drive, Tampa, FL 33612, United States
| | - Min Zhang
- Drug Discovery Department, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, 12902 Magnolia Drive, Tampa, FL 33612, United States
| | - Zilu Li
- Drug Discovery Department, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, 12902 Magnolia Drive, Tampa, FL 33612, United States; Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Eric B Haura
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Ernst Schonbrunn
- Drug Discovery Department, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, 12902 Magnolia Drive, Tampa, FL 33612, United States.
| | - Haitao Ji
- Drug Discovery Department, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, 12902 Magnolia Drive, Tampa, FL 33612, United States; Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Chen H, Mao R, Brzozowski M, Nguyen NH, Sleebs BE. Late Stage Phosphotyrosine Mimetic Functionalization of Peptides Employing Metallaphotoredox Catalysis. Org Lett 2021; 23:4244-4249. [PMID: 34029466 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c01200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Access to phosphotyrosine (pTyr) mimetics requires multistep syntheses, and therefore late stage incorporation of these mimetics into peptides is not feasible. Here, we develop and employ metallaphotoredox catalysis using 4-halogenated phenylalanine to afford a variety of protected pTyr mimetics in one step. This methodology was shown to be tolerant of common protecting groups and applicable to the late stage pTyr mimetic modification of protected and unprotected peptides, and peptides of biological relevance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Chen
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Runyu Mao
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Martin Brzozowski
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Nghi H Nguyen
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Brad E Sleebs
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Abstract
Insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) bind specifically to the IGF1 receptor on the cell surface of targeted tissues. Ligand binding to the α subunit of the receptor leads to a conformational change in the β subunit, resulting in the activation of receptor tyrosine kinase activity. Activated receptor phosphorylates several substrates, including insulin receptor substrates (IRSs) and Src homology collagen (SHC). Phosphotyrosine residues in these substrates are recognized by certain Src homology 2 (SH2) domain-containing signaling molecules. These include, for example, an 85 kDa regulatory subunit (p85) of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI 3-kinase), growth factor receptor-bound 2 (GRB2) and SH2-containing protein tyrosine phosphatase 2 (SHP2/Syp). These bindings lead to the activation of downstream signaling pathways, PI 3-kinase pathway and Ras-mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAP kinase) pathway. Activation of these signaling pathways is known to be required for the induction of various bioactivities of IGFs, including cell proliferation, cell differentiation and cell survival. In this review, the well-established IGF1 receptor signaling pathways required for the induction of various bioactivities of IGFs are introduced. In addition, we will discuss how IGF signals are modulated by the other extracellular stimuli or by themselves based on our studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fumihiko Hakuno
- Graduate School of Agriculture and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shin-Ichiro Takahashi
- Graduate School of Agriculture and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Noguchi T, Ishiba H, Honda K, Kondoh Y, Osada H, Ohno H, Fujii N, Oishi S. Synthesis of Grb2 SH2 Domain Proteins for Mirror-Image Screening Systems. Bioconjug Chem 2017; 28:609-619. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.6b00692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Taro Noguchi
- Graduate
School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Ishiba
- Graduate
School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Kaori Honda
- Chemical
Biology Research Group, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Yasumitsu Kondoh
- Chemical
Biology Research Group, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Osada
- Chemical
Biology Research Group, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Ohno
- Graduate
School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Nobutaka Fujii
- Graduate
School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Shinya Oishi
- Graduate
School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Behrendt R, White P, Offer J. Advances in Fmoc solid-phase peptide synthesis. J Pept Sci 2016; 22:4-27. [PMID: 26785684 PMCID: PMC4745034 DOI: 10.1002/psc.2836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 420] [Impact Index Per Article: 52.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2015] [Accepted: 10/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Today, Fmoc SPPS is the method of choice for peptide synthesis. Very-high-quality Fmoc building blocks are available at low cost because of the economies of scale arising from current multiton production of therapeutic peptides by Fmoc SPPS. Many modified derivatives are commercially available as Fmoc building blocks, making synthetic access to a broad range of peptide derivatives straightforward. The number of synthetic peptides entering clinical trials has grown continuously over the last decade, and recent advances in the Fmoc SPPS technology are a response to the growing demand from medicinal chemistry and pharmacology. Improvements are being continually reported for peptide quality, synthesis time and novel synthetic targets. Topical peptide research has contributed to a continuous improvement and expansion of Fmoc SPPS applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Raymond Behrendt
- Novabiochem, Merck & CieIm Laternenacker 58200SchaffhausenSwitzerland
| | - Peter White
- Novabiochem, Merck Chemicals LtdPadge RoadBeestonNG9 2JRUK
| | - John Offer
- The Francis Crick Institute215 Euston RoadLondonNW1 2BEUK
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Abstract
Breast cancer is among the most commonly diagnosed cancer types in women worldwide and is the second leading cause of cancer-related disease in the USA. SH2 domains recruit signaling proteins to phosphotyrosine residues on aberrantly activated growth factor and cytokine receptors and contribute to cancer cell cycling, metastasis, angiogenesis and so on. Herein we review phosphopeptide mimetic and small-molecule approaches targeting the SH2 domains of Grb2, Grb7 and STAT3 that inhibit their targets and reduce proliferation in in vitro breast cancer models. Only STAT3 inhibitors have been evaluated in in vivo models and have led to tumor reduction. Taken together, these studies suggest that targeting SH2 domains is an important approach to the treatment of breast cancer.
Collapse
|
10
|
Design, synthesis, and evaluation of fluorescent cell-penetrating peptidic antagonists of Grb2-SH2 for targeting MCF-7 breast cancer cells. Med Chem Res 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-013-0538-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
11
|
Ambaye ND, Gunzburg MJ, Lim RCC, Price JT, Wilce MCJ, Wilce JA. The discovery of phenylbenzamide derivatives as Grb7-based antitumor agents. ChemMedChem 2012; 8:280-8. [PMID: 23355456 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201200400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2012] [Revised: 11/20/2012] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Grb7 is a non-catalytic protein, the overexpression of which has been associated with the proliferative and migratory potentials of cancer cells. Virtual screening strategies involving a shape-based similarity search, molecular docking, and 2D-similarity searches complemented by experimental binding studies (Thermofluor and isothermal titration calorimetry) resulted in the identification of nine novel phenylbenzamide-based antagonists of the Grb7 SH2 domain. Moderate binding affinities were observed, ranging from K(d)=32.3 μM for lead phenylbenzamide NSC 104999 (1) to K(d)=1.1 μM for a structurally related compound, NSC 57148 (2). Deconvolution of the affinity data into its components revealed differences in lead binding, from being entropy based (lead 1) to enthalpically driven (NSC 100874 (3), NSC 55158 (4), and compound 2). Finally, the lead compound 1 was found to decrease the growth of MDA-MB-468 breast cancer cells, with an IC(50) value of 39.9 μM. It is expected that these structures will serve as novel leads in the development of Grb7-based anticancer therapeutics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nigus D Ambaye
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Wellington Road, VIC 3800, Australia
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Abstract
Developing short peptides into useful probes and therapeutic leads remains a difficult challenge. Structural rigidification is a proven method for improving the properties of short peptides. In this work, we report a strategy for stabilizing peptide macrocycles by introducing side-chain-to-side-chain staples to produce peptide bicycles with higher affinity, selectivity, and resistance to degradation. We have applied this strategy to G1, an 11-residue peptide macrocycle that binds the Src homology 2 (SH2) domain of growth-factor-bound protein 2 (Grb2). Several homodetic peptide bicycles were synthesized entirely on-resin with high yields. Two rounds of iterative design produced peptide bicycle BC1, which is 60 times more potent than G1 and 200 times more selective. Moreover, BC1 is completely intact after 24 hours in buffered human serum, conditions under which G1 is completely degraded. Our peptide-bicycle approach holds promise for the development of selective inhibitors of SH2 domains and other phosophotyrosine (pTyr)-binding proteins, as well as inhibitors of many other protein-protein interactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Justin S. Quartararo
- Department of Chemistry, Tufts University, 62 Talbot Avenue, Medford MA 02155 USA, Fax: (617) 627-3443
| | - Pianpian Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Tufts University, 62 Talbot Avenue, Medford MA 02155 USA, Fax: (617) 627-3443
| | - Joshua A. Kritzer
- Department of Chemistry, Tufts University, 62 Talbot Avenue, Medford MA 02155 USA, Fax: (617) 627-3443
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Gunzburg MJ, Ambaye ND, Del Borgo MP, Pero SC, Krag DN, Wilce MCJ, Wilce JA. Interaction of the non-phosphorylated peptide G7-18NATE with Grb7-SH2 domain requires phosphate for enhanced affinity and specificity. J Mol Recognit 2012; 25:57-67. [PMID: 22213451 DOI: 10.1002/jmr.2148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Src-homology (SH2) domains are an attractive target for the inhibition of specific signalling pathways but pose the challenge of developing a truly specific inhibitor. The G7-18NATE cyclic peptide is reported to specifically inhibit the growth factor receptor bound protein 7 (Grb7) adapter protein, implicated in the progression of several cancer types, via interactions with its SH2 domain. G7-18NATE effectively inhibits the interaction of Grb7 with ErbB3 and focal adhesion kinase in cell lysates and, with the addition of a cell permeability sequence, inhibits the growth and migration of a number of breast cancer cell lines. It is thus a promising lead in the development of therapeutics targeted to Grb7. Here we investigate the degree to which G7-18NATE is specific for the Grb7-SH2 domain compared with closely related SH2 domains including those of Grb10, Grb14, and Grb2 using surface plasmon resonance. We demonstrate that G7-18NATE binds with micromolar binding affinity to Grb7-SH2 domain (K(D) = 4-6 μm) compared with 50-200 times lower affinity for Grb10, Grb14, and Grb2 but that this specificity depends critically on the presence of phosphate in millimolar concentrations. Other differences in buffer composition, including use of Tris or 2-(N-Morpholino)ethanesulfonic acid or varying the pH, do not impact on the interaction. This suggests that under cellular conditions, G7-18NATE binds with highest affinity to Grb7. In addition, our findings demonstrate that the basis of specificity of G7-18NATE binding to the Grb7-SH2 domain is via other than intrinsic structural features of the protein, representing an unexpected mode of molecular recognition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Menachem J Gunzburg
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, VIC, 3800, Australia
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Elliott TS, Slowey A, Ye Y, Conway SJ. The use of phosphate bioisosteres in medicinal chemistry and chemical biology. MEDCHEMCOMM 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2md20079a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
|
15
|
Marsault E, Peterson ML. Macrocycles Are Great Cycles: Applications, Opportunities, and Challenges of Synthetic Macrocycles in Drug Discovery. J Med Chem 2011; 54:1961-2004. [DOI: 10.1021/jm1012374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 591] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Eric Marsault
- Institut de Pharmacologie de Sherbrooke, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke Québec, J1H5N4, Canada
| | - Mark L. Peterson
- Tranzyme Pharma Inc., 3001 12e Avenue Nord, Sherbrooke, Québec, J1H5N4, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Ambaye ND, Gunzburg MJ, Lim RCC, Price JT, Wilce MCJ, Wilce JA. Benzopyrazine derivatives: A novel class of growth factor receptor bound protein 7 antagonists. Bioorg Med Chem 2010; 19:693-701. [PMID: 21134757 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2010.10.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2010] [Revised: 10/08/2010] [Accepted: 10/12/2010] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Growth factor receptor bound protein 7 (Grb7) is an adapter protein that functions as a downstream effector of growth factor mediated signal transduction. Over-expression of Grb7 has been implicated in a variety of cancers such as breast, blood, pancreatic, esophageal, and gastric carcinomas. Inhibition of Grb7 has been shown to reduce the migratory and proliferative potential of these cancers, making it an attractive therapeutic target. Starting with a known peptide antagonist, the present work reports the application of a succession of computational ligand design tools comprising a ligand shape based similarity search, molecular docking and a 2D-similarity search to identify small molecular antagonists of the Grb7-SH2 domain from the NCI chemical database. Binding to the Grb7-SH2 domain was then experimentally tested using melting point shift assays and isothermal titration calorimetry. Overall, a total of 11 benzopyrazine based small molecular antagonists were identified with affinity for the Grb7-SH2 domain. Representative compounds tested using ITC were revealed to possess moderate binding affinity in the low micromolar range. Finally, the lead compound (NSC642056) was found to reduce the growth of a Grb7-expressing breast cancer cell line with an IC(50) of 86μM. It is expected that the identified antagonists will be useful additions to further explore the function of Grb7 and for the development of inhibitors with therapeutic potential.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nigus D Ambaye
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Wellington Road, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Bertounesque E, Gresh N, Lenoir C, Vidal M, Garbay C, Florent JC, Courme C. Synthesis of Bis-Aryl Phosphates Based on Triazine Scaffold. HETEROCYCLES 2010. [DOI: 10.3987/com-09-11877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
18
|
Choi WJ, Kim SE, Stephen AG, Weidlich I, Giubellino A, Liu F, Worthy KM, Bindu L, Fivash MJ, Nicklaus MC, Bottaro DP, Fisher RJ, Burke TR. Identification of Shc Src homology 2 domain-binding peptoid-peptide hybrids. J Med Chem 2009; 52:1612-8. [PMID: 19226165 DOI: 10.1021/jm800789h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A fluorescence anisotropy (FA) competition-based Shc Src homology 2 (SH2) domain-binding was established using the high affinity fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) containing peptide, FITC-NH-(CH2)4-CO-pY-Q-G-L-S-amide (8; Kd = 0.35 microM). Examination of a series of open-chain bis-alkenylamide containing peptides, prepared as ring-closing metathesis precursors, showed that the highest affinities were obtained by replacement of the original Gly residue with N alpha-substituted Gly (NSG) "peptoid" residues. This provided peptoid-peptide hybrids of the form "Ac-pY-Q-[NSG]-L-amide." Depending on the NSG substituent, certain of these hybrids exhibited up to 40-fold higher Shc SH2 domain-binding affinity than the parent Gly-containing peptide (IC50 = 248 microM) (for example, for N-homoallyl analogue 50, IC50 = 6 microM). To our knowledge, this work represents the first successful example of the application of peptoid-peptide hybrids in the design of SH2 domain-binding antagonists. These results could provide a foundation for further structural optimization of Shc SH2 domain-binding peptide mimetics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Won Jun Choi
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Insitutes of Health, Frederick, Maryland 21702, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Giubellino A, Shi ZD, Jenkins LMM, Worthy KM, Bindu LK, Athauda G, Peruzzi B, Fisher RJ, Appella E, Burke TR, Bottaro DP. Selectivity and mechanism of action of a growth factor receptor-bound protein 2 SRC homology 2 domain binding antagonist. J Med Chem 2009; 51:7459-68. [PMID: 18989951 DOI: 10.1021/jm800523u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We have shown previously that a potent synthetic antagonist of growth factor receptor-bound protein 2 (Grb2) Src homology 2 (SH2) domain binding (1) blocks growth factor stimulated motility, invasion, and angiogenesis in cultured cell models, as well as tumor metastasis in animals. To characterize the selectivity of 1 for the SH2 domain of Grb2 over other proteins containing similar structural binding motifs, we synthesized a biotinylated derivative (3) that retained high affinity Grb2 SH2 domain binding and potent biological activity. To investigate the selectivity of 1 and 3 for Grb2, the biotinylated antagonist 3 was used to immobilize target proteins from cell extracts for subsequent identification by mass spectrometry. Non-specific binding was identified in parallel using a biotinylated analogue that lacked a single critical binding determinant. The mechanism of action of the antagonist was further characterized by immunoprecipitation, immunoblotting, and light microscopy. This approach to defining protein binding antagonist selectivity and molecular basis of action should be widely applicable in drug development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alessio Giubellino
- Urologic Oncology Branch and Laboratory of Cell Biology, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Lee S, Brown A, Pitt WR, Higueruelo AP, Gong S, Bickerton GR, Schreyer A, Tanramluk D, Baylay A, Blundell TL. Structural interactomics: informatics approaches to aid the interpretation of genetic variation and the development of novel therapeutics. MOLECULAR BIOSYSTEMS 2009; 5:1456-72. [DOI: 10.1039/b906402h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
|
21
|
Ogura K, Shiga T, Yokochi M, Yuzawa S, Burke TR, Inagaki F. Solution structure of the Grb2 SH2 domain complexed with a high-affinity inhibitor. JOURNAL OF BIOMOLECULAR NMR 2008; 42:197-207. [PMID: 18830565 PMCID: PMC3719385 DOI: 10.1007/s10858-008-9272-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2008] [Accepted: 08/26/2008] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The solution structure of the growth factor receptor-bound protein 2 (Grb2) SH2 domain complexed with a high-affinity inhibitor containing a non-phosphorus phosphate mimetic within a macrocyclic platform was determined by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. Unambiguous assignments of the bound inhibitor and intermolecular NOEs between the Grb2 SH2 domain and the inhibitor was accomplished using perdeuterated Grb2 SH2 protein. The well-defined solution structure of the complex was obtained and compared to those by X-ray crystallography. Since the crystal structure of the Grb2 SH2 domain formed a domain-swapped dimer and several inhibitors were bound to a hinge region, there were appreciable differences between the solution and crystal structures. Based on the binding interactions between the inhibitor and the Grb2 SH2 domain in solution, we proposed a design of second-generation inhibitors that could be expected to have higher affinity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Ogura
- Department of Structural Biology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, N12 W6, Sapporo, 060-0812, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Giubellino A, Burke TR, Bottaro DP. Grb2 signaling in cell motility and cancer. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2008; 12:1021-33. [PMID: 18620523 DOI: 10.1517/14728222.12.8.1021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metastasis is the primary cause of death in most human cancers, and understanding the molecular mechanisms underpinning this multistep process is fundamental to identifying novel molecular targets and developing more effective therapies. OBJECTIVE/METHODS Here we review the role of growth factor receptor-bound protein 2 (Grb2) in cancer and specifically in metastasis-related processes, and summarize the development of anticancer therapeutics selectively targeting this adapter protein. RESULTS/CONCLUSION Grb2 is a key molecule in intracellular signal transduction, linking activated cell surface receptors to downstream targets by binding to specific phosphotyrosine-containing and proline-rich sequence motifs. Grb2 signaling is critical for cell cycle progression and actin-based cell motility, and, consequently, more complex processes such as epithelial morphogenesis, angiogenesis and vasculogenesis. These functions make Grb2 a therapeutic target for strategies designed to prevent the spread of solid tumors through local invasion and metastasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alessio Giubellino
- National Cancer Institute, Urologic Oncology Branch, CCR, Building 10, 10 Center Drive MSC 1107, Bethesda, MD 20892-1107, USA.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Zhang Y, Zhou S, Wavreille AS, DeWille J, Pei D. Cyclic peptidyl inhibitors of Grb2 and tensin SH2 domains identified from combinatorial libraries. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008; 10:247-55. [PMID: 18257540 DOI: 10.1021/cc700185g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Cyclic peptides provide attractive lead compounds for drug discovery and excellent molecular probes in biomedical research. In this work, a novel method has been developed for the high-throughput synthesis, screening, and identification of cyclic peptidyl ligands against macromolecular targets. Support-bound cyclic phosphotyrosyl peptide libraries containing randomized amino acid sequences and different ring sizes (theoretical diversity of 3.2 x 10(6)) were synthesized and screened against the SH2 domains of Grb2 and tensin. Potent, selective inhibitors were identified from the libraries and were generally more effective than the corresponding linear peptides. One of the inhibitors selected against the Grb2 SH2 domain inhibited human breast cancer cell growth and disrupted actin filaments. This method should be applicable to the development of cyclic peptidyl inhibitors against other protein domains, enzymes, and receptors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Ohio State Biochemistry Program, The Ohio State University, 100 West 18th Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Liu F, Worthy KM, Bindu LK, Fisher RJ, Burke TR. Structural examination of ring-closing metathesis-derived 15-member macrocycles as Grb2 SH2 domain-binding tetrapeptide mimetics. J Org Chem 2007; 72:9635-42. [PMID: 17990895 DOI: 10.1021/jo701831q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Ring-closing metathesis (RCM) was employed to join carboxy-terminal alkenyl glycine side chains together with vinyl- and allyl-functionality appended to the beta-methylene of amino-terminal phosphotyrosyl (pTyr) mimetics. This required the synthesis of a variety of new pTyr mimetics, including a novel aza-containing analogue. Many of the resulting 15-member macrocyclic tetrapeptide mimetics exhibited low nanomolar Grb2 SH2 domain-binding affinities in spite of the fact that differing ring junction stereochemistries and geometries of the RCM-derived double bond were employed. The finding that significant latitude exists in the structural requirements for ring closure may facilitate the development of therapeutically relevant macrocyle-based Grb2 SH2 domain-binding antagonists. The synthetic approaches used in this study may also find application to peptide mimetics directed at other biological targets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fa Liu
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, CCR, NCI, NIH, Frederick, Maryland 21702, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Kang SU, Choi WJ, Oishi S, Lee K, Karki RG, Worthy KM, Bindu LK, Nicklaus MC, Fisher RJ, Burke TR. Examination of Acylated 4-Aminopiperidine-4-carboxylic Acid Residues in the Phosphotyrosyl+1 Position of Grb2 SH2 Domain-Binding Tripeptides. J Med Chem 2007; 50:1978-82. [PMID: 17371004 DOI: 10.1021/jm0614073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A 4-aminopiperidine-4-carboxylic acid residue was placed in the pTyr+1 position of a Grb2 SH2 domain-binding peptide to form a general platform, which was then acylated with a variety of groups to yield a library of compounds designed to explore potential binding interactions, with protein features lying below the betaD strand. The highest affinities were obtained using phenylethyl carbamate and phenylbutyrylamide functionalities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Uk Kang
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, Maryland 21702-1201, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Liu F, Worthy KM, Bindu L, Giubellino A, Bottaro DP, Fisher RJ, Burke TR. Utilization of achiral alkenyl amines for the preparation of high affinity Grb2 SH2 domain-binding macrocycles by ring-closing metathesis. Org Biomol Chem 2007; 5:367-72. [PMID: 17205182 DOI: 10.1039/b611887a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A family of previously reported ring-closing metathesis (RCM)-derived macrocycles that exhibit potent Grb2 SH2 domain-binding affinity is characterized by stereoselectively-introduced upper ring junctions that bear bicyclic aryl substituents. However, the synthetic complexity of these macrocycles presents a potential limit to their therapeutic application. Therefore, the current study was undertaken to simplify these macrocycles through the use of achiral 4-pentenylamides as ring-forming components. A series of macrocycles (5a-f) was prepared bearing both open and cyclic constructs at the upper ring junction. The Grb2 SH2 domain-binding affinities of these macrocycles varied, with higher affinities being obtained with cyclo-substituents. The most potent analogue (5d) contained a cyclohexyl group and exhibited Grb2 SH2 domain-binding affinity (K(D) = 1.3 nM) that was nearly equal to the parent macrocycle (2), which bore a stereoselectively-introduced naphthylmethyl substituent at the upper ring junction (K(D) = 0.9 nM). The results of this study advance design considerations that should facilitate the development of Grb2 SH2 domain-binding antagonists.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fa Liu
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Bldg. 376 Boyles St., Center for Cancer Research, NCI-Frederick, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Choi WJ, Shi ZD, Worthy KM, Bindu L, Karki RG, Nicklaus MC, Fisher RJ, Burke TR. Application of azide-alkyne cycloaddition 'click chemistry' for the synthesis of Grb2 SH2 domain-binding macrocycles. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2006; 16:5265-9. [PMID: 16908148 PMCID: PMC1624856 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2006.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2006] [Revised: 07/31/2006] [Accepted: 08/01/2006] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Copper (I) promoted [3+2] Huisgen cycloaddition of azides with terminal alkynes was used to prepare triazole-containing macrocycles based on the Grb2 SH2 domain-binding motif, 'Pmp-Ac(6)c-Asn', where Pmp and Ac(6)c stand for 4-phosphonomethylphenylalanine and 1-aminocyclohexanecarboxylic acid, respectively. When cycloaddition reactions were conducted at 1mM substrate concentrations, cyclization of monomeric units occurred. At 2mM substrate concentrations the predominant products were macrocyclic dimers. In Grb2 SH2 domain-binding assays the monomeric (S)-Pmp-containing macrocycle exhibited a K(d) value of 0.23microM, while the corresponding dimeric macrocycle was found to have greater than 50-fold higher affinity. The open-chain dimer was also found to have affinity equal to the dimeric macrocycle. This work represents the first application of 'click chemistry' to the synthesis of SH2 domain-binding inhibitors and indicates its potential utility.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Won Jun Choi
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, CCR, NCI, NIH, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|