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ÖZGEN ÖZKAYA Ş, ÖZKAYA V, GARİPAĞAOĞLU M. Obesity risk factors in Turkish preschool children: a cross-sectional study. CUKUROVA MEDICAL JOURNAL 2022. [DOI: 10.17826/cumj.1176281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Amaç: Bu çalışma, Türk okul öncesi çocuklarında obezite ile ilgili potansiyel risk faktörlerini -gebelik öncesi ve sonrası, çocuk, ebeveyn ve çevresel faktörler- belirlemeyi amaçlamaktadır.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Özel ve devlete bağlı 25 anaokulunda 3-5 yaş grubu 538 çocuk ve anneleri ile yüz yüze görüşme yöntemi kullanılarak kesitsel bir çalışma gerçekleştirilmiştir. Gebelik, bebeklik ve okul öncesi döneme ait demografik, antropometrik, beslenme, uyku ve fiziksel aktivite bilgileri sorgulanmıştır. İki günlük besin tüketim kayıtları ve antropometrik ölçümleri alınmıştır.
Bulgular: Okul öncesi çocuklarda hafif şişmanlık ve obezite sıklığı %27 olarak saptanmıştır. Yirmi sekiz potansiyel risk faktöründen gebelik öncesi obezitesi [1,108 (1,042-1,179)], gebelik sonu obezitesi (OR:4,350, CI:2,053-9,217), gebelikte >200mg/gün kafein alımı (OR:1,588, CI:1,031- 2,446), obezitesi olan babaya sahip olma (OR:1,089 CI:1,027-1,155), devlet okulu yerine özel okula gitme (OR:2,093, CI:1,298-3,376), hızlı yeme (OR:3,355, CI:1,175-9,583), kısa öğle yemeği süresi (OR:0,966, CI:0,934-0,998), günlük uyku süresinin 2 saat ekran süresi (OR:1,560, CI:1,012-2,405) okul öncesi çocukluk obezitesi ile ilişkili bulunmuştur.
Sonuç: Ebeveyn obezitesi, gebelikte kafein alımı, yeme hızı, günlük uyku ve ekran süresi Türk okul öncesi çocuklarında obezite risk faktörleri olarak belirlendi. Erken çocukluk döneminde anne ve çocuğa ait risk faktörlerinin belirlenmesi, yaşam tarzının ve obezojenik çevrenin düzenlenmesi, obeziteden koruyucu olabilir.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Volkan ÖZKAYA
- ISTANBUL MEDIPOL UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF HEALTH SCIENCES
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Mullins AM, McRae AE, Ansah RM, Johnson SB, Flessa SJ, Thornton RL. Healthy Eating Value Systems Among Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program Participants: A Qualitative Study. Acad Pediatr 2022; 22:1360-1367. [PMID: 35081467 PMCID: PMC9307691 DOI: 10.1016/j.acap.2022.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To understand how families receiving benefits from the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) conceptualize healthy eating and its relationship to child development. METHODS This study is a secondary analysis of in-depth, in-home qualitative interviews. 30 caregivers with children between the ages of 4 and 10 years old participating in SNAP in Baltimore, MD, were asked about food purchasing resources and strategies. Two independent coders re-analyzed primary data using an iterative process to identify a priori themes related to caregivers' conceptualization of healthy eating and emergent themes related to the ways families use SNAP benefits. Themes were identified via content analysis and revised until consensus was reached. RESULTS Participants demonstrated knowledge of nutritious food groups, specific unhealthy nutrients, and the importance of food in managing chronic conditions. However, the importance of nutrition was balanced with the need for ready-made foods that children could safely prepare on their own, shelf stable goods, and low-cost foods. Emergent themes identified caregivers' views of health-related impacts of food beyond nutrition, including the role of food as: a parenting tool to support child socialization and development, a means of creating experiences unique to childhood, and a mechanism for promoting family cohesion. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests families receiving SNAP use benefits to best serve children's well-being while conceptualizing the child health benefits of food as extending beyond nutrition. Future policy interventions aimed at optimizing SNAP should address the potential for nutrition assistance to foster positive child social and emotional development among low-income families while meeting nutritional needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexa M Mullins
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine (AM Mullins, AE McRae), Baltimore, Md.
| | - Ashlyn E McRae
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine (AM Mullins, AE McRae), Baltimore, Md
| | - Rosemary M Ansah
- Department of Pediatrics (RM Ansah, RLJ Thornton), Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Mason F. Lord Building, Center Baltimore, Md
| | - Sara B Johnson
- Department of Pediatrics (SB Johnson, SJ Flessa), Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Md
| | - Sarah J Flessa
- Department of Pediatrics (SB Johnson, SJ Flessa), Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Md
| | - Rachel Lj Thornton
- Department of Pediatrics (RM Ansah, RLJ Thornton), Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Mason F. Lord Building, Center Baltimore, Md
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Zhang Q, Panichelli J, Hall LA. Assessment of Cooking Matters Facebook Platform to Promote Healthy Eating Behaviors among Low-Income Caregivers of Young Children in the United States: A Pilot Study. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13082694. [PMID: 34444854 PMCID: PMC8400506 DOI: 10.3390/nu13082694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
How best to deliver healthy-eating education through social media among a low-income population remains understudied. To assess the impact of the Cooking Matters (CM) Facebook page on healthy eating behaviors among low-income caregivers, we conducted a pre–post survey of new CM Facebook followers in early 2020. A convenience sample was recruited at baseline from WICShopper app users and the CM Facebook page. The recruited sample included 397 low-income caregivers of a child younger than 6 who never followed CM Facebook. Among the baseline caregivers, 184 completed the follow-up survey. Paired t-test and McNemar–Bowker tests were conducted to compare the outcomes pre- and post-following CM Facebook. A binary indicator was developed to measure whether the outcomes were improved (1 = Improved; 0 = Not improved). Multi-variable logistic regressions were applied to examine the relationship between whether the outcome was improved with reference to the baseline socio-demographics. No significant differences were detected between pre and post outcomes overall (p > 0.05), except improvement in feeding healthy meals within the budget available (p < 0.05). However, improvement in select outcomes was more significant in men and single-parent households. The CM Facebook page could be an important platform to influence low-income caregivers of young children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Zhang
- School of Community and Environmental Health, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA 23529, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +757-683-6870; Fax: +757-683-6333
| | - Jill Panichelli
- Share Our Strength, 1030 15th St NW, Suite 1100W, Washington, DC 23005, USA; (J.P.); (L.A.H.)
| | - Leigh Ann Hall
- Share Our Strength, 1030 15th St NW, Suite 1100W, Washington, DC 23005, USA; (J.P.); (L.A.H.)
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Healthy eating beliefs and the meaning of food in populations with a low socioeconomic position: A scoping review. Appetite 2021; 161:105135. [PMID: 33493606 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2021.105135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Revised: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Profound understanding of healthy eating beliefs in populations with a low socioeconomic position (SEP) can benefit attempts to improve diet quality in this population, but literature on this subject is fragmented. The purpose of this scoping review was to systematically map healthy eating beliefs and the meaning of food and eating in populations with a low SEP. Systematic search of electronic databases yielded 35 relevant publications that were included in a qualitative synthesis. Populations with a low SEP perceived healthy eating as important, although they expressed various meanings of 'healthy' and 'good' eating. Lack of time and money posed perceived barriers to healthy eating, as well as social influences, and desired identities that can be expressed by specific foods. Traditions were important influences on food and eating practices. Eating behavior was perceived as one's own responsibility and desirably within one's own control. Parents expressed the role of food to regulate children's (eating) behavior. In conclusion, perceived limited control over what is eaten due to various barriers as described by populations with a low SEP, may also be viewed as competing values. Deeper understanding of reasons and thoughts underlying healthy eating beliefs and what it means to eat 'well' is largely lacking in this domain. The findings call for an in-depth exploration of the origin and construction of beliefs regarding 'healthy' and 'good' eating in populations with a low SEP.
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Hampton-Anderson JN, Craighead LW. Psychosociocultural Contributors to Maladaptive Eating Behaviors in African American Youth: Recommendations and Future Directions. Am J Lifestyle Med 2020; 15:621-633. [PMID: 34916883 DOI: 10.1177/1559827620936951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Revised: 03/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Childhood overweight and obesity disproportionately affects African Americans, and these children benefit less from standard pediatric weight management treatment programs compared to other racial/ethnic groups. Maladaptive eating behavior has been identified as a behavioral contributor to obesity and is also associated with the development of nonrestrictive eating disorders over time. Unique psychosociocultural factors have been identified that may promote higher risk for maladaptive eating behaviors in African American children beyond the effects of economic disparity. To best treat this group, it is important for practitioners to have a thorough understanding of these factors. We review several of these considerations and describe ways they may interact to contribute to the subsequent development of maladaptive eating behaviors and increased weight. Recommendations are made regarding how attention to these factors could be incorporated into current pediatric weight management treatments to better serve this population via a patient-centered care approach. Future directions will also be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joya N Hampton-Anderson
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (JNHA), Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia.,Psychology Department (LWC), Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Linda W Craighead
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (JNHA), Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia.,Psychology Department (LWC), Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
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Cuadrado-Soto E, Risica PM, Gans KM, Mena NZ, Ellis C, Araujo CD, Lofgren IE, Stowers KC, Tovar A. Micronutrient Adequacy in Preschool Children Attending Family Child Care Homes. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11092134. [PMID: 31500153 PMCID: PMC6770721 DOI: 10.3390/nu11092134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Revised: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 09/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Limited data is available on the micronutrient intake and adequacy in preschool children enrolled in family child care homes (FCCH). The goal of this paper is to describe the micronutrient adequacy relative to age-specific recommendations of preschool-aged children (aged 2-5 years) attending FCCH in Rhode Island (RI). Dietary data among younger preschoolers (aged 2-3 years), n = 245) and older preschoolers (aged 4-5 years), n = 121) in 118 RI FCCH (N = 366 children) were analyzed. Nutrient adequacy was assessed as the amount of nutrient per 1000 kcal of the diet that would meet the Institute of Medicine nutrient requirements (critical nutrient density), and it was compared to the observed nutrient densities of the children. The sodium:potassium ratio was also calculated. For most micronutrients, the observed density met or exceeded the recommendation, meaning the children's intake was adequate. However, a high proportion of children had nutrient densities under the recommendation for vitamins D, E, K, and potassium (86.1%, 89.1%, 70.8%, and 99.2% of children, respectively). The mean vitamin B12, potassium, and zinc densities were statistically higher in younger vs. older preschoolers (p < 0.05 for all). Low densities in calcium and vitamins K and B5 were more frequent in older children vs. younger children (p < 0.05). In addition, older preschoolers had a higher sodium:potassium ratio than younger children (p < 0.05). The micronutrient intake density was adequate for most nutrients. However, intake of some nutrients was of concern. Further attention to training and compliance in FCCH may improve the diet quality of those cared for in these settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther Cuadrado-Soto
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, Plaza Ramón y Cajal S/N, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Patricia Markham Risica
- Center for Health Equity Research, Brown School of Public Health, Providence, RI 02912, USA; (P.M.R.)
- Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Brown School of Public Health, Providence, RI 02912, USA
| | - Kim M. Gans
- Center for Health Equity Research, Brown School of Public Health, Providence, RI 02912, USA; (P.M.R.)
- Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Brown School of Public Health, Providence, RI 02912, USA
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
- Institute for Collaboration in Health, Interventions and Policy, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA;
| | - Noereem Z. Mena
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA; (N.Z.M.); (C.E.); (C.D.A.); (I.E.L.)
| | - Carolyn Ellis
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA; (N.Z.M.); (C.E.); (C.D.A.); (I.E.L.)
| | - Carolina D. Araujo
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA; (N.Z.M.); (C.E.); (C.D.A.); (I.E.L.)
| | - Ingrid E. Lofgren
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA; (N.Z.M.); (C.E.); (C.D.A.); (I.E.L.)
| | - Kristen Cooksey Stowers
- Institute for Collaboration in Health, Interventions and Policy, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA;
- Department of Allied Health Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| | - Alison Tovar
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA; (N.Z.M.); (C.E.); (C.D.A.); (I.E.L.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +401-874-9855
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Ensaff H, Bunting E, O'Mahony S. "That's His Choice Not Mine!" Parents' Perspectives on Providing a Packed Lunch for Their Children in Primary School. JOURNAL OF NUTRITION EDUCATION AND BEHAVIOR 2018; 50:357-364.e1. [PMID: 29631705 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneb.2017.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2017] [Revised: 12/15/2017] [Accepted: 12/17/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine factors influencing parents' selection of packed lunches over a school lunch, their choices in food preparation, and the role of children within these. DESIGN A qualitative approach using semistructured focus group and individual interviews. SETTING Four primary schools in a UK local authority. PARTICIPANTS Twenty parents providing a packed lunch for their children (aged 5-11 years). ANALYSIS An inductive thematic approach was used to identify categories and themes. The researchers maintained rigor in the data analysis through internal discussion and review until consensus was reached. RESULTS Children emerged as active decision makers exerting substantial power particularly in the initial decision to have a packed lunch, and then in influencing the lunch's contents. The packed lunch could be a source of anxiety for some parents; however, ultimately parents' attitudes and perceptions revolved around the key requirement that the lunch was eaten. Providing a packed lunch was a means of achieving this. CONCLUSIONS This study highlights children's growing authority over everyday food decisions. Further research is needed to explore children's perceptions of their role in food provision. The study's findings have implications for school food, nutrition education, and school-based interventions. Frameworks that look to improve children's nutrition in this area should reflect children's growing status as food decision makers and consider how this can be employed to support and sustain positive changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Ensaff
- School of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK; Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Leeds Beckett University, Leeds, UK.
| | - E Bunting
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Leeds Beckett University, Leeds, UK
| | - S O'Mahony
- Health and Wellbeing Service, Children and Families Service, Leeds City Council, Leeds, UK
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Factors in the home environment associated with toddler diet: an ecological momentary assessment study. Public Health Nutr 2018. [PMID: 29526170 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980018000186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify home environment factors associated with toddler dietary behaviours using ecological momentary assessment (EMA). DESIGN Home environment and toddler's diet were assessed by mothers through EMA (random beeps over ≤8 d and a brief survey). Dietary outcomes were fruit/vegetable consumption, eating episode ('snack' v. 'meal') and sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) consumption. Home environment factors included interacting with mother, eating alone/with others, eating in a high chair/chair at the table, watching television and movement/translocation. Multilevel logistic mixed-effects regression models assessed both within- (individual toddlers across time) and between- (toddlers-on-average) subject effects. SUBJECTS Low-income mother-toddler dyads (n 277). SETTING Urban and suburban Maryland, USA. RESULTS EMA captured eating/drinking episodes for 249/277 (89·9 %) toddlers (883 eating episodes, 1586 drinking episodes). Toddlers-on-average were more likely (adjusted OR, P value) to eat fruit/vegetables when not moving around (0·43, P=0·043), eat with the television off (0·33, P<0·001) and eat in a high chair/chair (3·38, P<0·001); no within-subject effects were shown. For eating episodes, both toddlers-on-average and individual toddlers were more likely to eat snacks when not in a high chair/chair (0·13, P<0·001 and 0·06, P<0·001, respectively) and when eating alone (0·30, P<0·001 and 0·31, P<0·001, respectively). Also, individual toddlers were more likely to eat snacks when moving around (3·61, P<0·001). Toddlers-on-average were more likely to consume SSB when not in a high chair/chair (0·21, P=0·001), eating alone (0·38, P=0·047) or during a snacking episode (v. a meal: 3·96, P=0·012); no within-subject effects shown. CONCLUSIONS Factors in the home environment are associated with dietary behaviours among toddlers. Understanding the interplay between the home environment and toddler diet can inform future paediatric dietary recommendations.
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Branch JM, Appugliese DP, Rosenblum KL, Miller AL, Lumeng JC, Bauer KW. Feeding and Mealtime Correlates of Maternal Concern About Children's Weight. JOURNAL OF NUTRITION EDUCATION AND BEHAVIOR 2017; 49:490-496.e1. [PMID: 28457715 PMCID: PMC5514848 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneb.2017.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2016] [Revised: 03/03/2017] [Accepted: 03/16/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine associations between maternal concern regarding their children becoming overweight and two domains of weight-related parenting; child feeding practices and family meal characteristics. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. PARTICIPANTS Low-income mothers (n = 264; 67% non-Hispanic white) and their children (51.5% male, aged 4.02-8.06 years). VARIABLES MEASURED Maternal concern and feeding practices, using the Child Feeding Questionnaire. Meal characteristics were assessed using video-recorded meals and meal information collected from mothers. ANALYSIS The authors used MANOVA and logistic regression to identify differences in maternal feeding practices and family meal characteristics across levels of maternal concern (none, some, and high). RESULTS Approximately half of mothers were not concerned about their child becoming overweight, 28.4% reported some concern, and 19.0% had high concern. Mothers reporting no concern described lower restrictive feeding compared with mothers who reported some or high concern (mean [SE], none = 3.1 [0.1]; some = 3.5 [0.1]; and high = 3.6 [0.1]; P = .004). No differences in other feeding practices or family meal characteristics were observed by level of concern. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Concern regarding children becoming overweight was common. However, concern rarely translated into healthier feeding practices or family meal characteristics. Maternal concern alone may not be sufficient to motivate action to reduce children's risk of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline M Branch
- Department of Pediatrics and Communicable Diseases, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI.
| | | | - Katherine L Rosenblum
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI; Center for Human Growth and Development, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Alison L Miller
- Center for Human Growth and Development, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI; Department of Health Behavior and Health Education, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Julie C Lumeng
- Department of Pediatrics and Communicable Diseases, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI; Center for Human Growth and Development, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI; Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Katherine W Bauer
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI
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