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Mo H, Yu H, Jiang Z, Chen Y, Yao M, Liu K, Li Y, Yu J, Wang L. Molecular cloning, tissues distribution, and function analysis of thioredoxin-like protein-1 (TXNL1) in Chinese giant salamanders Andrias davidianus. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 144:104691. [PMID: 36967023 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2023.104691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Thioredoxin-like protein-1 (TXNL1) is the member of thioredoxin superfamily, a family of thiol oxidoreductases. TXNL1 plays an important role in scavenging ROS and the maintenance of cellular redox balance. However, its physiological functions in Andrias davidianus have not been well understood. In the present study, the full-length cDNA encoding thioredoxin-like protein-1 (AdTXNL1) of A. davidianus was cloned, the mRNA tissue distribution was analyzed, and the function was characterized. The Adtxnl1 cDNA contained an open reading frame (ORF) of 870 bp encoding a polypeptide of 289 amino acids with the N-terminal TRX domain, a Cys34-Ala35-Pro36-Cys37 (CAPC) motif, and the C-terminal proteasome-interacting thioredoxin domain (PITH). The mRNA of AdTXNL1 was expressed in a wide range of tissues, with the highest level in the liver. The transcript level of AdTXNL1 was significantly up-regulated post Aeromonas hydrophila challenge in liver tissue. Moreover, the recombinant AdTXNL1 protein was produced and purified, and used to investigate the antioxidant activity. In the insulin disulfide reduction assay, rAdTXNL1 exhibited strong antioxidant capability. Altogether, the thioredoxin-like protein-1 may be involved in reduction/oxidation (redox) balance and as an important immunological gene in A. davidianus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haolin Mo
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Huixia Yu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Zebin Jiang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Yongqing Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Mingxing Yao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Kexin Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Yang Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Jiajia Yu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Lixin Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China.
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Jiang J, Ou H, Chen R, Lu H, Zhou L, Yang Z. The Ethnopharmacological, Phytochemical, and Pharmacological Review of Euryale ferox Salisb.: A Chinese Medicine Food Homology. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28114399. [PMID: 37298878 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28114399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Euryale ferox Salisb. (prickly water lily) is the only extent of the genus Euryale that has been widely distributed in China, India, Korea, and Japan. The seeds of E. ferox (EFS) have been categorized as superior food for 2000 years in China, based on their abundant nutrients including polysaccharides, polyphenols, sesquineolignans, tocopherols, cyclic dipeptides, glucosylsterols, cerebrosides, and triterpenoids. These constituents exert multiple pharmacological effects, such as antioxidant, hypoglycemic, cardioprotective, antibacterial, anticancer, antidepression, and hepatoprotective properties. There are very few summarized reports on E. ferox, albeit with its high nutritional value and beneficial activities. Therefore, we collected the reported literature (since 1980), medical classics, database, and pharmacopeia of E. ferox, and summarized the botanical classification, traditional uses, phytochemicals, and pharmacological effects of E. ferox, which will provide new insights for further research and development of EFS-derived functional products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahui Jiang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Marine Biological Products, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Seafood, Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing of Aquatic Product of Guangdong Higher Education Institution, College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Haiyan Ou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Marine Biological Products, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Seafood, Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing of Aquatic Product of Guangdong Higher Education Institution, College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Ruiye Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Marine Biological Products, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Seafood, Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing of Aquatic Product of Guangdong Higher Education Institution, College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Huiyun Lu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Marine Biological Products, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Seafood, Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing of Aquatic Product of Guangdong Higher Education Institution, College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Longjian Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Marine Biological Products, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Seafood, Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing of Aquatic Product of Guangdong Higher Education Institution, College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Zhiyou Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Marine Biological Products, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Seafood, Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing of Aquatic Product of Guangdong Higher Education Institution, College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
- Collaborative Innovation Centre of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
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Effect of Thermal Treatment on the Physicochemical, Ultrastructural, and Antioxidant Characteristics of Euryale ferox Seeds and Flour. Foods 2022; 11:foods11162404. [PMID: 36010403 PMCID: PMC9407493 DOI: 10.3390/foods11162404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 08/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Euryale ferox seeds (EFS) were less gelatinized, preventing the release of nutrients and functional compounds, resulting in limited applications in meals and the food industry. Nutraceutical importance of EFS includes starch, protein, lipids, 20 amino acids, minerals, and vitamins (C, E, and beta carotene). This study aimed to evaluate the effect of three different thermal treatments on EFS’s physicochemical and nutritional properties and expected to improve its applicability. The results showed that the bulk density, thousand-grain weight, and hardness of thermal treated EFS were significantly decreased (p < 0.05), whereas the maximum decrease was observed in the industrial infrared heating-assisted fluidized bed (IHFH) treatment. Meanwhile, there were more crevices, fissures, and heightened porous structures in EFS between the pericarp and episperm and the endosperm after heat treatment, which facilitated grinding and water absorption. Notably, EFS’s water and oil absorption capacities increased significantly (p < 0.05) with microwave and IHFH treatments. EFS ground’s solubility into powder was increased significantly with thermal treatment (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the functional properties of TPC, TFC, DPPH radical scavenging activity, and reducing power were significantly increased (p < 0.05). In general, the changes in the physicochemical properties of EFS and increased bioactivity were caused by microwave and IHFH treatments. Hence, it might improve the food value of EFS while providing valuable information to researchers and food manufacturers.
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Wu P, Liu A, Zhu Y, Li X, Wang Y, Li L. Proteomic analysis of Euryale ferox Salisb seeds at different developmental stages. Gene 2022; 834:146645. [PMID: 35680017 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2022.146645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The development of plant seeds is accompanied by changes in their internal substances. The edible part of E. ferox is the seed, and starch and flavonoids are the storage substances and functional substances in E. ferox seeds respectively. Herein, four time points of seed development, including after flowering T10 (10 days), T20 (20 days), T30 (30 days) and T40 (40 days), were investigated by using iTRAQ technology. A total of 2809 differential proteins were identified. The enrichment analysis of differential proteins found that they were mainly enriched in starch synthesis pathways and flavonoid biosynthesis pathways. The key candidate enzymes for starch synthesis, APS (c54069), APL (c55730), SBE (c56416), SSS (c54912) and GBSS (c53181), were identified. At the same time,PAL (c50934), CHS (c49212), F3H (c35949) and ANS (c54610) may be key enzymes in flavonoid biosynthesis. In addition, the ABA signal transduction pathway was analyzed and it was identified that PYL3 (c54854) and ABI5 (c56122) are up-regulated from T10 to T40, and it is speculated that they play an important regulatory role in the development of E. ferox seeds. Together, these results reveals the dynamic changes during the development of E. ferox seeds, which will provide guidance for the study of the molecular mechanism of starch and flavonoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Wu
- School of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Wenhui East Road No. 48, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu Province, PR China.
| | - AiLian Liu
- School of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Wenhui East Road No. 48, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu Province, PR China
| | - Yue Zhu
- School of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Wenhui East Road No. 48, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu Province, PR China
| | - Xiang Li
- School of Life Science, Nanchang University, Qianhu Road No. 999, Nanchang 330031, Jiangxi Province, PR China
| | - YuHao Wang
- School of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Wenhui East Road No. 48, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu Province, PR China
| | - LiangJun Li
- School of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Wenhui East Road No. 48, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu Province, PR China.
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Quality analysis of Euryales Semen from different origins and varieties based on untargeted metabolomics. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2022; 1191:123114. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2022.123114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2021] [Revised: 12/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Zeng JC, Xiao PJ, Ling LJ, Zhang L, Tang DB, Zhang QF, Chen JG, Li JE, Yin ZP. Processing, digestion property and structure characterization of slowly digestible gorgon nut starch. Food Sci Biotechnol 2022; 31:49-59. [PMID: 35059229 PMCID: PMC8733081 DOI: 10.1007/s10068-021-01007-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Revised: 10/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Slowly digestible gorgon nut starch (GN-SDS) was prepared by heating-cooling treatment (HCT), meanwhile its morphological and structural features were characterized in detail by SEM, DSC, XRD and IR detection. The optimized parameters of GN-SDS processing were as following: starch milk (20%) was heated at 100 °C for 20 min, and then cooled under 4 °C for 24 h. Under the optimized parameters, the SDS content increased from 20.49 to 61.74%. GN-SDS showed typical SDS characteristics in in vivo digestion with a low postprandial blood glucose. SEM images suggested that GN-S particles changed from uniform regular polyhedron with smooth surface to irregular gravel-like particles with coarse surface and obvious layered structure inside after HCT. The results of SEM, DSC, XRD and IR determination indicated that HCT changed the granule morphology, interior structure, gelatinization temperature and crystal type (A to B-type) of GN-S, and therefore made it hard to be digested accordingly. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10068-021-01007-6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-cheng Zeng
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products and Functional Foods, College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045 China
| | - Pin-Jian Xiao
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products and Functional Foods, College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045 China
| | - Li-Juan Ling
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products and Functional Foods, College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045 China
| | - Li Zhang
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products and Functional Foods, College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045 China
| | - Dao-Bang Tang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Functional Foods, Sericultural & Agri-Food Research Institute, Guangzhou, 510610 China
| | - Qing-Feng Zhang
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products and Functional Foods, College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045 China
| | - Ji-Guang Chen
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products and Functional Foods, College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045 China
| | - Jing-En Li
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products and Functional Foods, College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045 China
| | - Zhong-Ping Yin
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products and Functional Foods, College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045 China
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Zhang S, Han L, Wang Y, Liu G, Shi H. The effect of Guizhi decoction on inflammatory response induced by myocardial ischemia. FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/fst.32021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Li Han
- Hebei Engineering University, China
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Physiological and antioxidant responses of Euryale ferox salisb seedlings to microcystins. Toxicon 2020; 190:50-57. [PMID: 33338447 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2020.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Revised: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Lake Taihu is the third largest freshwater lake located in eastern China. In recent years, it has experienced extensive cyanobacterial (Microcystis spp.) blooms that produce toxic microcystins (MCs), which may have acute and chronic hepatotoxic effects in animals and humans. Although the impact of MCs on both terrestrial and aquatic plants is well documented, the effects and underlying mechanisms of the harmful toxin MC-LR on Euryale ferox Salisb seedlings have rarely been reported. Thus, herein, the antioxidant response mechanisms and the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites during the exposure of E. ferox Salisb seedlings to varying MC-LR concentrations (0.05, 0.2, 1, and 5 μg/L) were thoroughly investigated after exposure periods (7, 14, 21 d). Our study revealed that the seedling growth was inhibited with increasing MC-LR exposure concentration that significantly induced at 1 μg/L and reached a maximum level at 5 μg/L, whereas the activity of the antioxidant enzymes catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and peroxidase (POD) in the seedling cells increased gradually with increasing MC-LR concentration and longer exposure time. The maximum malondialdehyde (MDA) content was 4.3-fold higher than that of the control group under an MC-LR concentration of 5.0 μg/L after 7 days of exposure treatment. The study of the seedling detoxification mechanism revealed that the content of total glutathione (tGSH) and reduced glutathione (GSH), as well as the activities of GSH sparse transferase (GST) and glutathione reductase (GR), increased to varying degrees and reached a maximum level at 1 μg/L. Therefore, the exposure to MC-LR can promote the accumulation of secondary metabolites and increase the activities of secondary metabolic enzymes in the seedlings. Further investigation of these antioxidative mechanisms will provide additional information for the identification and development of bio-indicators to evaluate the environmental impact of MCs on aquatic ecosystems.
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Raut S, Gupta N, Everard M, Singh IS. Commercially and medicinally significant aquatic macrophytes: potential for improving livelihood security of indigenous communities in northern Bihar, India. JOURNAL OF THREATENED TAXA 2020. [DOI: 10.11609/jott.5640.12.13.16819-16830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The dispersed wetlands in the Darbhanga District of northern Bihar, India, provide a diversity of niches supporting substantial floral and faunal richness. The aquatic macrophytes of a representative range of perennial water bodies were surveyed fortnightly from June to September 2019, supported by a market survey undertaken with local stakeholders. A total of 61 species of vascular macrophytes was recorded, the majority of them Angiosperms (33 species of Dicotyledons from 21 families, and 26 Monocotyledons from 13 families) and two were Pteridophytes. This paper highlights the distribution pattern and potential commercial and medicinal values of aquatic macrophytes found in different wetland systems in northern Bihar. It further stresses their importance for subsistence, medicinal and economic purposes supporting the livelihoods of local people. Current trends and risks contributing to the degradation and loss of this diverse flora and its supporting habitats are considered. We recommend further assessment of the occurrence and values of this botanical resource, and extension of valuation to encompass the diverse additional ecosystem service benefits provided by the region’s wetland systems, as a basis for wetland conservation strategies founded on sustainable management and wise use, with particular reference to the potential for enhancing livelihood security of indigenous communities.
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Guo Z, Min J. Characterization the complete chloroplast genome of Euryale ferox (Nymphaeaceae), an medicinal plant species in China. Mitochondrial DNA B Resour 2020; 5:2389-2390. [PMID: 33457802 PMCID: PMC7782232 DOI: 10.1080/23802359.2020.1775516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Euryale ferox belongs to the family Nymphaeaceae that has been used as foods and medicines in China. In this study, we had been completed the complete chloroplast genome of Euryale ferox, which is 159,930 bp in length and has four sub-regions. The complete chloroplast genome sequence of Euryale ferox contains 89,678 bp of a large single-copy region (LSC), 22,202 bp of small single-copy region (SSC) and 25,025 bp of two inverted repeat regions (IRs). The complete chloroplast genome of Euryale ferox is also consistent with other chloroplast genomes most plant species. The overall nucleotide composition of chloroplast genome sequence has: A (30.1%), T (30.8%), C (19.9%), G (19.2%) and the total GC content of 39.1%. Its sequence contains 127 genes, including 84 encoding genes, 35 transfer RNA genes and 8 ribosomal RNA genes. As the analysis result, the ML tree presents that Euryale ferox clustered with Nuphar advena belonging to the family Nymphaeaceae in genetic evolution relationship by the maximum likelihood (ML) methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyong Guo
- The First Hospital of Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jie Min
- The Third Hospital of Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
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Liu X, He Z, Yin Y, Xu X, Wu W, Li L. Transcriptome sequencing and analysis during seed growth and development in Euryale ferox Salisb. BMC Genomics 2018; 19:343. [PMID: 29743016 PMCID: PMC5944168 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-018-4707-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2017] [Accepted: 04/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Euryale ferox Salisb., an annual aquatic plant, is the only species in the genus Euryale in the Nymphaeaceae. Seeds of E. ferox are a nutritious food and also used in traditional Chinese medicine (Qian Shi in Mandarin). The molecular events that occurred during seed development in E. ferox have not yet been characterized. In this study, we performed transcriptomic analysis of four developmental stages (T1, T2, T3, and T4) in E. ferox seeds with three biological replicates per developmental stage to understand the physiological and biochemical processes during E. ferox seeds development. RESULTS 313,844,425 clean reads were assembled into 160,107 transcripts and 85,006 unigenes with N50 lengths of 2052 bp and 1399 bp, respectively. The unigenes were annotated using five public databases (NR, COG, Swiss-Prot, KEGG, and GO). In the KEGG database, all of the unigenes were assigned to 127 pathways, of which phenylpropanoid biosynthesis was associated with the synthesis of secondary metabolites during E. ferox seed growth and development. Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) as the first key enzyme catalyzed the conversion of phenylalanine to trans-cinnamic acid, then was related to the synthesis of flavonoids, lignins and alkaloid. The expression of PAL1 reached its peak at T3 stage, followed by a slight decrease at T4 stage. Cytochrome P450 (P450), encoded by CYP84A1 (which also called ferulate-5-hydroxylase (F5H) in Arabidopsis), was mainly involved in the biosynthesis of lignins. CONCLUSIONS Our study provides a transcriptomic analysis to better understand the morphological changes and the accumulation of medicinal components during E. ferox seed development. The increasing expression of PAL and P450 encoded genes in phenylpropanoid biosynthesis may promote the maturation of E. ferox seed including size, color, hardness and accumulation of medicinal components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian Liu
- School of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, 48 Wenhui East Road, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province 225009 People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhen He
- School of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, 48 Wenhui East Road, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province 225009 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yulai Yin
- Suzhou Vegetable Research Institute, 188 Xitang Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province 215008 People’s Republic of China
| | - Xu Xu
- School of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, 48 Wenhui East Road, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province 225009 People’s Republic of China
| | - Weiwen Wu
- School of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, 48 Wenhui East Road, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province 225009 People’s Republic of China
| | - Liangjun Li
- School of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, 48 Wenhui East Road, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province 225009 People’s Republic of China
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Kumar N, Shikha D, Kumari S, Choudhary BK, Kumar L, Singh IS. SSR-Based DNA Fingerprinting and Diversity Assessment Among Indian Germplasm of Euryale ferox: an Aquatic Underutilized and Neglected Food Crop. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2017; 185:34-41. [PMID: 29082475 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-017-2643-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2017] [Accepted: 10/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Euryale ferox is native to Southeast Asia and China, and it is one of the important aquatic food crops propagated mostly in eastern part of India. The aim of the present study was to characterize and evaluate the genetic diversity of ex situ collections of E. ferox germplasm from different geographical states of India using microsatellite (simple sequence repeats (SSRs)) markers. Ten SSR markers were analyzed to assess DNA fingerprinting and genetic diversity of 16 cultivated germplasm of E. ferox. Total 37 polymorphic alleles were recorded with an average of 3.7 allele frequency per primer. The polymorphic information content value varied from 0.204 to 0.735 with mean of 0.448. A high range of heterozygosity (Ho 0.228; He 0.512) was detected in the present study. The neighbor-joining (N-J) tree and the principle coordinate analysis showed that the germplasm divided in to three main clusters. The results of the present investigation comply that SSR markers are effective for computing genetic assessment of genetic diversity and similarity with classifying cultivated varieties of E. ferox. Evaluation of genetic diversity among Indian E. ferox germplasm could provide useful information for genetic improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nitish Kumar
- Centre for Biological Sciences (Biotechnology), School of Earth, Biological and Environmental Sciences, Central University of South Bihar, Patna, Bihar, 800014, India.
| | - Divya Shikha
- Centre for Biological Sciences (Biotechnology), School of Earth, Biological and Environmental Sciences, Central University of South Bihar, Patna, Bihar, 800014, India
| | - Swati Kumari
- Centre for Education (Life Science), Central University of South Bihar, Gaya Campus, Gaya, Bihar, 823001, India
| | - Binod Kumar Choudhary
- ICAR-National Institute of Biotic Stress Management, Baronda Farm, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, 493225, India
| | - Lokendra Kumar
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Wheat & Barley Research, Karnal, Haryana, 132001, India
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RAPD and ISSR Marker-Based Comparative Evaluation of Genetic Diversity Among Indian Germplasms of Euryale ferox: an Aquatic Food Plant. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2016; 180:1345-1360. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-016-2171-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2016] [Accepted: 06/17/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Ahmed D, Kumar V, Verma A, Shukla GS, Sharma M. Antidiabetic, antioxidant, antihyperlipidemic effect of extract of Euryale ferox salisb. with enhanced histopathology of pancreas, liver and kidney in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. SPRINGERPLUS 2015; 4:315. [PMID: 26155454 PMCID: PMC4489967 DOI: 10.1186/s40064-015-1059-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2014] [Accepted: 05/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ethanolic extract of Euryale ferox salisb. (EFx) may have an effect on the activity of hepatic antioxidant enzymes, glycemic control and lipid profile and histopathology of pancreas, liver and kidney of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic wistar rats. METHODS Wistar albino rats were divided into eight groups viz. non-diabetic (normal control), diabetic control (STZ-induced), diabetic treated (infused with different doses of Euryale ferox. Salisb. ethanolic extract) and diabetic conventional treated (treated with Glibenclamide). Diabetes was induced by administering streptozotocin (60 mg/kg body weight) intraperitoneal (i.p). The ethanolic extract was supplemented in different doses through oral route. Biochemical investigations were carried out according to previously reported methods. Histopathological examinations were done accordingly. RESULTS The EFx supplemented diabetic rats significantly (p < 0.001) decreased the blood glucose level in a dose dependent manner. Plasma insulin level was significantly increased in EFx treated rats. The hepatic gluconeogenic enzymes activities were restored to normal in EFx treated rats. Activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and reduced glutathione (GSH) were significantly increased (p < 0.001) among EFx treated rats. Lipid profile was reinstated to nearly normal level among EFx treated rats. Histopathological investigations revealed that microscopic architecture of pancreatic, hepatic and renal cells improvised in EFx treated diabetic rats. CONCLUSION EFx supplement could improve the glycemic control as well as lipid profile in diabetic rats along with improvised antioxidant enzymes which has beneficial effect in preventing the diabetic complications by scavenging the free radicals in diabetic rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danish Ahmed
- />Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Sam Higginbottom Institute of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences (SHIATS)-Deemed University, Allahabad, India
| | - Vikas Kumar
- />Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Sam Higginbottom Institute of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences (SHIATS)-Deemed University, Allahabad, India
| | - Amita Verma
- />Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Sam Higginbottom Institute of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences (SHIATS)-Deemed University, Allahabad, India
| | - Girija Shankar Shukla
- />Faculty of Health Sciences, Sam Higginbottom Institute of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences (SHIATS)-Deemed University, Allahabad, India
| | - Manju Sharma
- />Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
- />Department of Pharmacology, Hamdard Institute of Medical Sciences and Research (HIMSR), Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
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15
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Cellular Anti-Melanogenic Effects of a Euryale ferox Seed Extract Ethyl Acetate Fraction via the Lysosomal Degradation Machinery. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:9217-35. [PMID: 25915032 PMCID: PMC4463586 DOI: 10.3390/ijms16059217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2014] [Revised: 04/17/2015] [Accepted: 04/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of ethyl acetate fraction of Euryale ferox seed extracts (Efse-EA) on melanogenesis in immortalized mouse melanocyte cell line, melan-a. Efse-EA showed strong dose-dependent mushroom tyrosinase inhibitory activity. Treatment of melan-a cells with 30 μg/mL Efse-EA produced strong inhibition of cellular tyrosinase and melanin synthesis. Efse-EA significantly reduced the levels of melanogenesis-related proteins, such as tyrosinase, tyrosinase-related proteins 1 and 2, and microphthalmia-associated transcription factor. Because Efse-EA treatment reduced tyrosinase protein levels without changing its mRNA expression, we investigated whether this decrease was related to proteasomal or lysosomal degradation of tyrosinase. We found that chloroquine, a lysosomal proteolysis inhibitor, almost completely abolished both the down-regulation of tyrosinase and the inhibition of melanin synthesis induced by Efse-EA. These results suggested that Efse-EA may contribute to the inhibition of melanogenesis by altering lysosomal degradation of tyrosinase, and that this extract may provide a new cosmetic skin-whitening agent.
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16
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Effects and mechanisms of chinese herbal medicine in ameliorating myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2013; 2013:925625. [PMID: 24288571 PMCID: PMC3833114 DOI: 10.1155/2013/925625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2013] [Revised: 08/26/2013] [Accepted: 09/04/2013] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (MIR) injury is a major contributor to the morbidity and mortality associated with coronary artery disease, which accounts for approximately 450,000 deaths a year in the United States alone. Chinese herbal medicine, especially combined herbal formulations, has been widely used in traditional Chinese medicine for the treatment of myocardial infarction for hundreds of years. While the efficacy of Chinese herbal medicine is well documented, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain elusive. In this review, we highlight recent studies which are focused on elucidating the cellular and molecular mechanisms using extracted compounds, single herbs, or herbal formulations in experimental settings. These studies represent recent efforts to bridge the gap between the enigma of ancient Chinese herbal medicine and the concepts of modern cell and molecular biology in the treatment of myocardial infarction.
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17
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Han Z, Luo J, Kong LY. Two new tocopherol polymers from the seeds of Euryale ferox. JOURNAL OF ASIAN NATURAL PRODUCTS RESEARCH 2012; 14:743-747. [PMID: 22694777 DOI: 10.1080/10286020.2012.688956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Two new tocopherol polymers, chroman-type dimer named ferotocodimer A (1) and spiro-type trimer named ferotocotrimer E (2), were isolated from the seeds of Euryale ferox. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic methods including HR-ESI-MS and 1D and 2D NMR. The absolute configurations of 1 and 2 were determined by CD and ROESY experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Han
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
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18
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Song CW, Wang SM, Zhou LL, Hou FF, Wang KJ, Han QB, Li N, Cheng YX. Isolation and identification of compounds responsible for antioxidant capacity of Euryale ferox seeds. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2011; 59:1199-1204. [PMID: 21280632 DOI: 10.1021/jf1041933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Euryale ferox seed is consumed medicinally or for food in China. The present study revealed it to contain significant antioxidant activity, which may be associated with its medical applications as a proteinuria inhibitor of diabetic nephropathy. This study resulted in the identification of 3 new sesquineolignans, named euryalins A-C (1-3), and 16 known compounds, which were all first isolated from this plant apart from 5,7,4-trihydroxy-flavanone. The antioxidant potential of the partial isolates was evaluated using the DPPH radical scavenging assay and mesangial cellular assay. Compounds 2, rel-(2α,3β)-7-O-methylcedrusin (4), syringylglycerol-8-O-4-(sinapyl alcohol) ether (5), and (+)-syringaresinol (7) were found to be most active on DPPH assay, whereas compounds 2, 4, 7, (1R,2R,5R,6S)-2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-6-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,7-dioxabicyclo[3.3.0]octane, and buddlenol E could significantly inhibit high glucose-stimulated reactive oxygen species production in mesangial cells. The results suggested that E. ferox seed could be considered as an excellent source of natural antioxidants and is useful in the prevention of diabetic nephropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Wei Song
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Kunming 650204, People's Republic of China
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19
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Ahmad R, Javed S, Bhandari U. Antiapoptotic potential of herbal drugs in cardiovascular disorders: an overview. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2010; 48:358-374. [PMID: 20645713 DOI: 10.3109/13880200903133852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Cardiomyocyte apoptosis has been reported in a number of cardiovascular disorders, including myocardial infarction, ischemia-reperfusion, end-stage heart failure, arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia, and adriamycin-induced cardiomyopathy. Prevention of myocyte apoptosis has emerged as a potential new target in a multimodel therapeutic approach to cardiac disease. Herbal therapy may be an alternative strategy for the prevention and treatment of heart disease. The present review summarizes the list of plants/herbal formulations studied for their antiapoptotic activity in cardiovascular disorders. However, despite extensive positive research data from experimental studies for herbal drugs in cardiovascular disorders, and the anecdotal clinical experience of many practitioners and patients, its potential in the field of cardiac apoptosis remains largely untapped, and large scale clinical trials are needed to explore the potential of herbal medicines as a new treatment regime for targeting cardiovascular apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahila Ahmad
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hamdard University, New Delhi, India
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20
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Ahsan MK, Lekli I, Ray D, Yodoi J, Das DK. Redox regulation of cell survival by the thioredoxin superfamily: an implication of redox gene therapy in the heart. Antioxid Redox Signal 2009; 11:2741-58. [PMID: 19583492 PMCID: PMC2821134 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2009.2683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are the key mediators of pathogenesis in cardiovascular diseases. Members of the thioredoxin superfamily take an active part in scavenging reactive oxygen species, thus playing an essential role in maintaining the intracellular redox status. The alteration in the expression levels of thioredoxin family members and related molecules constitute effective biomarkers in various diseases, including cardiovascular complications that involve oxidative stress. Thioredoxin, glutaredoxin, peroxiredoxin, and glutathione peroxidase, along with their isoforms, are involved in interaction with the members of metabolic and signaling pathways, thus making them attractive targets for clinical intervention. Studies with cells and transgenic animals have supported this notion and raised the hope for possible gene therapy as modern genetic medicine. Of all the molecules, thioredoxins, glutaredoxins, and peroxiredoxins are emphasized, because a growing body of evidence reveals their essential and regulatory role in several steps of redox regulation. In this review, we discuss some pertinent observations regarding their distribution, structure, functions, and interactions with the several survival- and death-signaling pathways, especially in the myocardium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Kaimul Ahsan
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Connecticut Health Center , Farmington, CT 06030-1110, USA.
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21
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Quan Z, Pan L, Ke W, Ding Y. Polymorphic microsatellite markers in Euryale ferox Salisb. (Nymphaeaceae). Mol Ecol Resour 2009; 9:330-2. [PMID: 21564641 DOI: 10.1111/j.1755-0998.2008.02402.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Eleven polymorphic microsatellite markers were isolated and identified in the aquatic plant Euryale ferox Salisb. (Nymphaeaceae). This species, which belongs to basal Magnoliophyta, reproduces sexually. All of these 11 microsatellite markers yielded 25 alleles in a survey of a wild population of 34 individuals. Two or three alleles per locus were detected, with expected heterozygosity ranging from 0.056 to 0.634 and observed heterozygosity from 0.000 to 0.088. These simple sequence repeat markers will be useful for evaluating the genetic structure of the E. ferox population in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwu Quan
- Key Laboratory of MOE for Plant Development Biology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China, Wuhan National Field Observation and Research Station for Aquatic Vegetables, Wuhan 430065, China
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22
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Du T, La Fontaine SL, Abdo M, Bellingham SA, Greenough M, Volitakis I, Cherny RA, Bush AI, Hudson PJ, Camakaris J, Mercer JF, Crouch PJ, Masters CL, Perreau VM, White AR. Investigating copper-regulated protein expression in Menkes fibroblasts using antibody microarrays. Proteomics 2008; 8:1819-31. [DOI: 10.1002/pmic.200700895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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