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Obrișcă B, Mocanu V, Jurubiță R, Vrabie A, Berechet A, Lujinschi Ș, Sorohan B, Andronesi A, Achim C, Lupușoru G, Micu G, Caceaune N, Gherghiceanu M, Ismail G. Histological reappraisal of IgA nephropathy: the role of glomerular pattern of injury and mesangial complement deposition. BMC Nephrol 2024; 25:145. [PMID: 38658875 PMCID: PMC11040743 DOI: 10.1186/s12882-024-03577-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a clear need to refine the histological assessment in IgA Nephropathy (IgAN). We sought to investigate the clinical significance of the light microscopy (LM) pattern of glomerular injury and of the intensity of mesangial C3 staining in IgAN. METHODS We conducted a retrospective, observational study that included all patients with biopsy-proven primary IgAN that had at least 12 months of follow-up. The LM pattern of glomerular injury was reevaluated based on a modified HAAS classification. Mesangial C3 deposition by immunofluorescence (IF) staining was scored semi-quantitatively. The study primary composite endpoint was defined as doubling of serum creatinine or ESRD (dialysis, renal transplant or eGFR < 15 ml/min). The secondary study endpoint was eGFR decline per year. RESULTS This cohort included 214 patients with IgAN (mean age, 41.4 ± 12.6 years), with a mean eGFR and median 24-h proteinuria of 55.2 ± 31.5 ml/min/1.73m2 and 1.5 g/day (IQR:0.8-3.25), respectively. The most frequent LM pattern was the mesangioproliferative (37.4%), followed by the sclerotic (22.5%) and proliferative/necrotizing patterns (21.4%). Regarding the IF findings, mild-moderate and intense mesangial C3 staining was present in 30.6% and 61.1% of patients, respectively. Those with sclerosing and crescentic patterns had the worst renal survival (5-year renal survival of 48.8% and 42.9%) and the highest rate of eGFR change/year (-2.32 ml/min/y and - 2.16 ml/min/y, respectively) compared to those with other glomerular patterns of injury. In addition, those with intense C3 staining reached the composite endpoint more frequently compared to those without intense C3 staining (35.5% vs. 21.4%, p = 0.04). After multivariate adjustment, patients with crescentic and sclerosing patterns had a 3.6-fold and 2.1-fold higher risk for the composite endpoint compared to those with mesangioproliferative pattern, while an intense mesangial C3 deposition being also associated with a worse renal outcome (HR, 3.33; 95%CI, 1.21-9.2). CONCLUSIONS We have shown that the LM pattern of glomerular injury and the intensity of mesangial C3 deposition might stratify more accurately the renal outcome in patients with IgAN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bogdan Obrișcă
- "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania.
- Department of Nephrology, Fundeni Clinical Institute, Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Valentin Mocanu
- "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Nephrology, Fundeni Clinical Institute, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Roxana Jurubiță
- "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Nephrology, Fundeni Clinical Institute, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Alexandra Vrabie
- "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Nephrology, Fundeni Clinical Institute, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Andreea Berechet
- Department of Nephrology, Fundeni Clinical Institute, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ștefan Lujinschi
- "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Nephrology, Fundeni Clinical Institute, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Bogdan Sorohan
- "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Nephrology, Fundeni Clinical Institute, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Andreea Andronesi
- "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Nephrology, Fundeni Clinical Institute, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Camelia Achim
- "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Nephrology, Fundeni Clinical Institute, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Gabriela Lupușoru
- "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Nephrology, Fundeni Clinical Institute, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Georgia Micu
- Department of Nephrology, Fundeni Clinical Institute, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Nicu Caceaune
- Department of Internal Medicine, Fundeni Clinical Institute, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mihaela Gherghiceanu
- "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
- "Victor Babes" National Institute of Pathology, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Gener Ismail
- "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Nephrology, Fundeni Clinical Institute, Bucharest, Romania
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Higashiyama M, Haniuda K, Nihei Y, Kazuno S, Kikkawa M, Miura Y, Suzuki Y, Kitamura D. Oral bacteria induce IgA autoantibodies against a mesangial protein in IgA nephropathy model mice. Life Sci Alliance 2024; 7:e202402588. [PMID: 38331476 PMCID: PMC10853438 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202402588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
IgA nephropathy (IgAN) is caused by deposition of IgA in the glomerular mesangium. The mechanism of selective deposition and production of IgA is unclear; however, we recently identified the involvement of IgA autoantibodies. Here, we show that CBX3 is another self-antigen for IgA in gddY mice, a spontaneous IgAN model, and in IgAN patients. A recombinant antibody derived from gddY mice bound to CBX3 expressed on the mesangial cell surface in vitro and to glomeruli in vivo. An elemental diet and antibiotic treatment decreased the levels of autoantibodies and IgAN symptoms in gddY mice. Serum IgA and the recombinant antibody from gddY mice also bound to oral bacteria of the mice and binding was competed with CBX3. One species of oral bacteria was markedly decreased in elemental diet-fed gddY mice and induced anti-CBX3 antibody in normal mice upon immunization. These data suggest that particular oral bacteria generate immune responses to produce IgA that cross-reacts with mesangial cells to initiate IgAN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mizuki Higashiyama
- https://ror.org/05sj3n476 Division of Cancer Cell Biology, Research Institute for Biomedical Sciences (RIBS), Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Japan
| | - Kei Haniuda
- https://ror.org/05sj3n476 Division of Cancer Cell Biology, Research Institute for Biomedical Sciences (RIBS), Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Japan
| | - Yoshihito Nihei
- https://ror.org/05sj3n476 Division of Cancer Cell Biology, Research Institute for Biomedical Sciences (RIBS), Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Japan
- Department of Nephrology, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Saiko Kazuno
- Laboratory of Proteomics and Biomolecular Science, Biomedical Research Core Facilities, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mika Kikkawa
- Laboratory of Proteomics and Biomolecular Science, Biomedical Research Core Facilities, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Miura
- Laboratory of Proteomics and Biomolecular Science, Biomedical Research Core Facilities, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yusuke Suzuki
- Department of Nephrology, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Daisuke Kitamura
- https://ror.org/05sj3n476 Division of Cancer Cell Biology, Research Institute for Biomedical Sciences (RIBS), Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Japan
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Kang Y, Xu B, Shi S, Zhou X, Chen P, Liu L, Li Y, Leng Y, Lv J, Zhu L, Zhang H. Mesangial C3 Deposition, Complement-Associated Variant, and Disease Progression in IgA Nephropathy. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2023; 18:1583-1591. [PMID: 37651123 PMCID: PMC10723908 DOI: 10.2215/cjn.0000000000000290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND IgA nephropathy is the most common primary GN worldwide, with dominant deposition of IgA and co-deposits of complement component 3 (C3). Phenotypes and progression of IgA nephropathy varies among different ethnic populations, while patients with IgA nephropathy from Asia showed more severe clinical phenotypes, active kidney lesions, and rapid progression. Our previous genome-wide association study identified complement factor H ( CFH ) variant rs6677604, tightly linked with the deletion of CFH -related protein 3 and CFH -related protein 1 genes ( ΔCFHR3-1 ), as IgA nephropathy susceptible variant, and additionally revealed its effect on complement regulation in IgA nephropathy. METHODS To further explore the effect of rs6677604 on IgA nephropathy progression, here we enrolled a Chinese IgA nephropathy cohort of 1781 patients with regular follow-up for analysis. The rs6677604 genotype was measured, and the genotype-phenotype correlation was analyzed using the t test, the chi-squared test, or the nonparametric test, and the association between rs6677604 genotype or mesangial C3 deposition and IgA nephropathy prognosis was analyzed using Kaplan-Meier analysis and Cox regression. RESULTS We found that patients with rs6677604-GG genotype had a stronger intensity of mesangial C3 deposition than those with the rs6677604-AA/AG genotype. Patients with IgA nephropathy who had stronger intensity of C3 deposition manifested with more severe clinical and pathological manifestations, including lower eGFR and higher Oxford-M/S/T/C (mesangial hypercellularity, endocapillary cellularity, segmental sclerosis, interstitial fibrosis/tubular atrophy, and crescent) scores. In the survival analysis, stronger intensity of mesangial C3 deposition, but not rs6677604-GG genotypes, was associated with poor long-term kidney outcome in IgA nephropathy. CONCLUSIONS We found that in Chinese patients with IgA nephropathy, variant rs6677604 was associated with mesangial C3 deposition, and mesangial C3 deposition, but not rs6677604, was associated with IgA nephropathy severity and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqi Kang
- Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China; Peking University Institute of Nephrology, Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Renal Disease (Peking University), Beijing, China; National Health Commission, Key Laboratory of Chronic Kidney Disease Prevention and Treatment, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China; and State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University, Beijing, China
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Pajoumshariati R, Ewart L, Kujala V, Luc R, Peel S, Corrigan A, Weber H, Nugraha B, Hansen PBL, Williams J. Physiological Replication of the Human Glomerulus Using a Triple Culture Microphysiological System. Adv Sci (Weinh) 2023; 10:e2303131. [PMID: 37867234 PMCID: PMC10667800 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202303131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
The function of the glomerulus depends on the complex cell-cell/matrix interactions and replication of this in vitro would aid biological understanding in both health and disease. Previous models do not fully reflect all cell types and interactions present as they overlook mesangial cells within their 3D matrix. Herein, the development of a microphysiological system that contains all resident renal cell types in an anatomically relevant manner is presented. A detailed transcriptomic analysis of the contributing biology of each cell type, as well as functionally appropriate albumin retention in the system, is demonstrated. The important role of mesangial cells is shown in promoting the health and maturity of the other cell types. Additionally, a comparison of the incremental advances that each individual cell type brings to the phenotype of the others demonstrates that glomerular cells in simple 2D culture exhibit a state more reflective of the dysfunction observed in human disease than previously recognized. This in vitro model will expand the capability to investigate glomerular biology in a more translatable manner by the inclusion of the important mesangial cell compartment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramin Pajoumshariati
- Bioscience RenalResearch and Early DevelopmentCardiovascularRenal and Metabolism (CVRM)BioPharmaceuticals R&DAstraZenecaGothenburg431 83Sweden
| | | | | | | | - Samantha Peel
- Functional Genomics, Research and Early DevelopmentDiscovery SciencesBioPharmaceuticals R&DAstraZenecaCambridgeCB21 6GHUK
| | - Adam Corrigan
- Functional Genomics, Research and Early DevelopmentDiscovery SciencesBioPharmaceuticals R&DAstraZenecaCambridgeCB21 6GHUK
| | | | - Bramasta Nugraha
- Bioscience RenalResearch and Early DevelopmentCardiovascularRenal and Metabolism (CVRM)BioPharmaceuticals R&DAstraZenecaGothenburg431 83Sweden
| | - Pernille B. L. Hansen
- Bioscience RenalResearch and Early DevelopmentCardiovascularRenal and Metabolism (CVRM)BioPharmaceuticals R&DAstraZenecaGothenburg431 83Sweden
| | - Julie Williams
- Bioscience RenalResearch and Early DevelopmentCardiovascularRenal and Metabolism (CVRM)BioPharmaceuticals R&DAstraZenecaGothenburg431 83Sweden
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Zhong Z, Li Z, Li Y, Jiang L, Kong Q, Chen W, Feng S. RhoA vesicle trafficking-mediated transglutaminase 2 membrane translocation promotes IgA1 mesangial deposition in IgA nephropathy. JCI Insight 2023; 8:e160374. [PMID: 37811653 PMCID: PMC10619437 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.160374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Transglutaminase 2 (TGase2) has been shown to contribute to the mesangial IgA1 deposition in a humanized mouse model of IgA nephropathy (IgAN), but the mechanism is not fully understood. In this study, we found that inhibition of TGase2 activity could dramatically decrease the amount of polymeric IgA1 (pIgA1) isolated from patients with IgAN that interacts with human mesangial cells (HMC). TGase2 was expressed both in the cytosol and on the membrane of HMC. Upon treatment with pIgA1, there were more TGase2 recruited to the membrane. Using a cell model of mesangial deposition of pIgA1, we identified 253 potential TGase2-associated proteins in the cytosolic fraction and observed a higher concentration of cellular vesicles and increased expression of Ras homolog family member A (RhoA) in HMC after pIgA1 stimulation. Both the amount of pIgA1 deposited on HMC and membrane TGase2 level were decreased by inhibition of the vesicle trafficking pathway. Mechanistically, TGase2 was found to be coprecipitated with RhoA in the cellular vesicles. Membrane TGase2 expression was greatly increased by overexpression of RhoA, while it was reduced by knockdown of RhoA. Our in vitro approach demonstrated that TGase2 was transported from the cytosol to the membrane through a RhoA-mediated vesicle-trafficking pathway that can facilitate pIgA1 interaction with mesangium in IgAN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong Zhong
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Clinical Nephrology (Sun Yat-Sen University) and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nephrology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhijian Li
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Clinical Nephrology (Sun Yat-Sen University) and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nephrology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanjie Li
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lanping Jiang
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Clinical Nephrology (Sun Yat-Sen University) and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nephrology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qingyu Kong
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Clinical Nephrology (Sun Yat-Sen University) and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nephrology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Clinical Nephrology (Sun Yat-Sen University) and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nephrology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shaozhen Feng
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Clinical Nephrology (Sun Yat-Sen University) and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nephrology, Guangzhou, China
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Boi R, Ebefors K, Nyström J. The role of the mesangium in glomerular function. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2023; 239:e14045. [PMID: 37658606 DOI: 10.1111/apha.14045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023]
Abstract
When discussing glomerular function, one cell type is often left out, the mesangial cell (MC), probably since it is not a part of the filtration barrier per se. The MCs are instead found between the glomerular capillaries, embedded in their mesangial matrix. They are in direct contact with the endothelial cells and in close contact with the podocytes and together they form the glomerulus. The MCs can produce and react to a multitude of growth factors, cytokines, and other signaling molecules and are in the perfect position to be a central hub for crosstalk communication between the cells in the glomerulus. In certain glomerular diseases, for example, in diabetic kidney disease or IgA nephropathy, the MCs become activated resulting in mesangial expansion. The expansion is normally due to matrix expansion in combination with either proliferation or hypertrophy. With time, this expansion can lead to fibrosis and decreased glomerular function. In addition, signs of complement activation are often seen in biopsies from patients with glomerular disease affecting the mesangium. This review aims to give a better understanding of the MCs in health and disease and their role in glomerular crosstalk and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Boi
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Kerstin Ebefors
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Jenny Nyström
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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Hayashi A, Kawabe M, Yamamoto I, Ohki Y, Kobayashi A, Ueda H, Tanno Y, Urabe F, Miki J, Yamada H, Kimura T, Okido I, Tsuboi N, Yamamoto H, Yokoo T. Clinical and Pathological Significance of Mesangial C1q Deposition in Kidney Transplant Recipients with Recurrent IgA Nephropathy and Patients with Native IgA Nephropathy. Nephron Clin Pract 2023; 147 Suppl 1:80-88. [PMID: 37339606 DOI: 10.1159/000530916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In kidney transplant recipients (KTRs) whose primary disease is IgA nephropathy (IgAN), IgAN recurrence occurs in approximately half of patients by 5 years postoperatively and is associated with graft survival. Although the alternative and lectin pathways are important in the primary pathogenesis of IgAN, the significance of mesangial C1q deposition, which triggers the classical pathway, is unknown. We investigated the clinicopathological significance of mesangial C1q deposition in both recurrent IgAN in KTRs and native IgAN. METHODS Between 2000 and 2021, we conducted a 1:2 matched case-control study of 18 KTRs diagnosed with recurrent IgAN, with a group of native IgAN patients as the control. We evaluated the rate and presence/absence of mesangial C1q deposition in terms of pathological findings and kidney outcomes in each group. RESULTS The rate of mesangial C1q deposition was significantly higher in the recurrent IgAN patients in KTRs than in native IgAN patients (11/18 [61.1%] vs. 5/36 [13.9%], p = 0.001). In the former group, the incidence of glomerular crescents was relatively higher in C1q-positive patients. There was no significant difference in the annual rate of estimated glomerular filtration rate decline between C1q-positive and C1q-negative patients in either group. CONCLUSION Mesangial C1q deposition was more frequent in KTRs with recurrent IgAN than in patients with native IgAN, but we found no difference in kidney outcomes with respect to mesangial C1q deposition. Further large-scale investigations of the importance of mesangial C1q deposition are needed in both KTRs with recurrent IgAN and patients with native IgAN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayaka Hayashi
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mayuko Kawabe
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Izumi Yamamoto
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan,
| | - Yutaro Ohki
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akimitsu Kobayashi
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Ueda
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yudo Tanno
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Fumihiko Urabe
- Department of Urology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jun Miki
- Department of Urology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroki Yamada
- Department of Urology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takahiro Kimura
- Department of Urology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ichiro Okido
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nobuo Tsuboi
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroyasu Yamamoto
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takashi Yokoo
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Feitz WJC, van Setten PA, van der Velden TJAM, Licht C, van den Heuvel LPJW, van de Kar NCAJ. Cell Biological Responses after Shiga Toxin-1 Exposure to Primary Human Glomerular Microvascular Endothelial Cells from Pediatric and Adult Origin. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22115615. [PMID: 34070679 PMCID: PMC8199108 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22115615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) is characterized by a triad of symptoms consisting of hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia and acute renal failure. The most common form of HUS is caused by an infection with Shiga toxin (Stx) producing Escherichia coli bacteria (STEC-HUS), and the kidneys are the major organs affected. The development of HUS after an infection with Stx occurs most frequently in children under the age of 5 years. However, the cause for the higher incidence of STEC-HUS in children compared to adults is still not well understood. Human glomerular microvascular endothelial cells (HGMVECs) isolated and cultured from pediatric and adult kidney tissue were investigated with respect to Stx binding and different cellular responses. Shiga toxin-1 (Stx-1) inhibited protein synthesis in both pediatric and adult HGMVECs in a dose-dependent manner at basal conditions. The preincubation of pediatric and adult HGMVECs for 24 hrs with TNFα resulted in increased Stx binding to the cell surface and a 20-40% increase in protein synthesis inhibition in both age groups. A decreased proliferation of cells was found when a bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) assay was performed. A trend towards a delay in endothelial wound closure was visible when pediatric and adult HGMVECs were incubated with Stx-1. Although minor differences between pediatric HGMVECs and adult HGMVECs were found in the assays applied in this study, no significant differences were observed. In conclusion, we have demonstrated that in vitro primary HGMVECs isolated from pediatric and adult kidneys do not significantly differ in their cell biological responses to Stx-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wouter J. C. Feitz
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Amalia Children’s Hospital, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboudumc, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands; (W.J.C.F.); (T.J.A.M.v.d.V.); (L.P.J.W.v.d.H.)
- Cell Biology Program, Research Institute, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada;
- Department of Pediatrics, Amalia Children’s Hospital, Radboudumc, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands;
| | - Petra A. van Setten
- Department of Pediatrics, Amalia Children’s Hospital, Radboudumc, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands;
| | - Thea J. A. M. van der Velden
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Amalia Children’s Hospital, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboudumc, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands; (W.J.C.F.); (T.J.A.M.v.d.V.); (L.P.J.W.v.d.H.)
| | - Christoph Licht
- Cell Biology Program, Research Institute, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada;
- Division of Nephrology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada
| | - Lambert P. J. W. van den Heuvel
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Amalia Children’s Hospital, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboudumc, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands; (W.J.C.F.); (T.J.A.M.v.d.V.); (L.P.J.W.v.d.H.)
- Department of Development and Regeneration, Department of Pediatric Nephrology, KU, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Nicole C. A. J. van de Kar
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Amalia Children’s Hospital, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboudumc, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands; (W.J.C.F.); (T.J.A.M.v.d.V.); (L.P.J.W.v.d.H.)
- Department of Pediatrics, Amalia Children’s Hospital, Radboudumc, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +31-24-36-14430
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Psarra A, Theodoropoulou MA, Erhardt M, Mertiri M, Mantzourani C, Vasilakaki S, Magrioti V, Huwiler A, Kokotos G. α-Ketoheterocycles Able to Inhibit the Generation of Prostaglandin E 2 (PGE 2) in Rat Mesangial Cells. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11020275. [PMID: 33668480 PMCID: PMC7918003 DOI: 10.3390/biom11020275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) is a key mediator of inflammation, and consequently huge efforts have been devoted to the development of novel agents able to regulate its formation. In this work, we present the synthesis of various α-ketoheterocycles and a study of their ability to inhibit the formation of PGE2 at a cellular level. A series of α-ketobenzothiazoles, α-ketobenzoxazoles, α-ketobenzimidazoles, and α-keto-1,2,4-oxadiazoles were synthesized and chemically characterized. Evaluation of their ability to suppress the generation of PGE2 in interleukin-1β plus forskolin-stimulated mesangial cells led to the identification of one α-ketobenzothiazole (GK181) and one α-ketobenzoxazole (GK491), which are able to suppress the PGE2 generation at a nanomolar level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia Psarra
- Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, 15771 Athens, Greece; (A.P.); (M.A.T.); (M.M.); (C.M.); (S.V.); (V.M.)
| | - Maria A. Theodoropoulou
- Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, 15771 Athens, Greece; (A.P.); (M.A.T.); (M.M.); (C.M.); (S.V.); (V.M.)
| | - Martin Erhardt
- Institute of Pharmacology, University of Bern, CH-3010 Bern, Switzerland; (M.E.); (A.H.)
| | - Marina Mertiri
- Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, 15771 Athens, Greece; (A.P.); (M.A.T.); (M.M.); (C.M.); (S.V.); (V.M.)
| | - Christiana Mantzourani
- Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, 15771 Athens, Greece; (A.P.); (M.A.T.); (M.M.); (C.M.); (S.V.); (V.M.)
| | - Sofia Vasilakaki
- Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, 15771 Athens, Greece; (A.P.); (M.A.T.); (M.M.); (C.M.); (S.V.); (V.M.)
| | - Victoria Magrioti
- Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, 15771 Athens, Greece; (A.P.); (M.A.T.); (M.M.); (C.M.); (S.V.); (V.M.)
| | - Andrea Huwiler
- Institute of Pharmacology, University of Bern, CH-3010 Bern, Switzerland; (M.E.); (A.H.)
| | - George Kokotos
- Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, 15771 Athens, Greece; (A.P.); (M.A.T.); (M.M.); (C.M.); (S.V.); (V.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +30-210-727-4462
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10
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Yang CW, Chen FY, Chang FP, Ho Y, Wu BS, Yang AH, Tarng DC, Yang CY. IgM mesangial deposition as a risk factor for relapses of adult-onset minimal change disease. BMC Nephrol 2021; 22:25. [PMID: 33435901 PMCID: PMC7802152 DOI: 10.1186/s12882-021-02234-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immunoglobulin M (IgM) mesangial deposition in pediatric minimal change disease (MCD) has been reported to be associated with steroid dependence and poor renal outcomes. However, the evidence linking the impacts of IgM mesangial deposition to the treatment prognosis in adult-onset MCD is still elusive. METHODS In this retrospective cohort study, 37 adult patients with MCD received kidney biopsies from January 2010 to May 2020. Immunofluorescence microscopy was performed and the patients dichotomized according to IgM mesangial deposition (12 patients with positive IgM deposition; 25 patients with negative IgM deposition). We analyzed the clinical features, the dosage of immunosuppressive agents, and the response to treatment for 2 years between the two groups. RESULTS Analysis of the clinical symptoms, the dosage of immunosuppressive treatment, and the time to remission revealed no statistical difference between the groups. However, compared to the negative IgM group, the frequency of relapses was significantly higher in the positive IgM group during the two-year follow-up period (the negative IgM group 0.25 episodes/year; the positive IgM group 0.75 episodes/year, p = 0.029). Furthermore, multivariate linear regression revealed that the positivity of IgM mesangial deposition is independently associated with the frequency of relapses (regression coefficient B 0.450, 95% CI 0.116-0.784, p = 0.010). CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicated that adult-onset MCD patients with IgM mesangial deposition have a high risk of relapses. Therefore, intensive monitoring of disease activity should be considered in MCD adults with IgM mesangial deposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Wen Yang
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, No. 201, Section 2, Shih-Pai Road, Beitou District, Taipei, 11217, Taiwan
| | - Fan-Yu Chen
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, No. 201, Section 2, Shih-Pai Road, Beitou District, Taipei, 11217, Taiwan
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Fu-Pang Chang
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Pathology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yang Ho
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, No. 201, Section 2, Shih-Pai Road, Beitou District, Taipei, 11217, Taiwan
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Bo-Sheng Wu
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - An-Hang Yang
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Pathology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Der-Cherng Tarng
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, No. 201, Section 2, Shih-Pai Road, Beitou District, Taipei, 11217, Taiwan
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department and Institute of Physiology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Center for Intelligent Drug Systems and Smart Bio-devices (IDS2B), Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yu Yang
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, No. 201, Section 2, Shih-Pai Road, Beitou District, Taipei, 11217, Taiwan.
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.
- Center for Intelligent Drug Systems and Smart Bio-devices (IDS2B), Hsinchu, Taiwan.
- Stem Cell Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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11
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Worawichawong S, Plumworasawat S, Liwlompaisan W, Sumethkul V, Phakdeekitcharoen B, Udomsubpayakul U, Chalermsanyakorn P, Kitiyakara C. Distribution pattern of mesangial C4d deposits as predictor of kidney failure in IgA nephropathy. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0252638. [PMID: 34081719 PMCID: PMC8174712 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0252638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesangial C4d deposits have been associated with worse outcomes in Western patients with IgA nephropathy (IgAN), but there is limited data in Asians. Previously, a high proportion of stained glomeruli was often required for the classification of C4d positive (C4d+ve). Positive staining in lower proportion of staining would be classified as C4d-ve. This retrospective study evaluated the prognostic value of C4d+ve using a less stringent definition (one C4d+ve glomerulus) in Thai patients with IgAN (n = 120). Baseline findings and outcomes were compared between those with more extensive C4d staining patterns and those with more restricted staining. Clinico-pathologic parameters and risk for kidney outcomes (kidney failure or decline GFR50%) were compared between C4d+ve versus C4d-ve, and between different patterns: Focal (< 50%) versus Diffuse (≥ 50% of glomeruli); or Global (≥ 50) versus Segmental (< 50% of mesangial area). The hazard ratios were estimated using Cox proportional hazard models for Model 1 (Oxford score+ C4d) and Model 2 (Model 1+ clinical factors). C4d+ve (n = 81) had lower eGFR, more global sclerosis, and interstitial fibrosis than C4d-ve at baseline. The 5-year kidney survival for C4d+ve was lower (53.7%) than C4d-ve (89.7%); P = 0.0255. By univariate analysis, T1, T2, C4d+ve, eGFR<60, proteinuria were predictors of kidney outcome. By multivariate analysis, proteinuria, T1, T2 and C4d+ve were independent predictors (Model 2 HR (95% CI) C4d+ve: 3.24 (1.09-9.58), p = 0.034). Segmental had lower eGFR, higher tubulointerstitial fibrosis, and segmental sclerosis compared to Global pattern. Clinicopathological parameters were not different between Focal and Diffuse patterns. Outcomes were similar between staining patterns. In conclusion, C4d staining may be a valuable marker of poor prognosis in Asian patients with IgAN. Less stringent criteria for C4d+ve should be considered as no differences in outcomes were observed between more extensive staining with less extensive patterns. More studies are needed to identify the optimum criteria for C4d+ve.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suchin Worawichawong
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Sirithep Plumworasawat
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Wisit Liwlompaisan
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Vasant Sumethkul
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Bunyong Phakdeekitcharoen
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Umaporn Udomsubpayakul
- Section for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Panus Chalermsanyakorn
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Chagriya Kitiyakara
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- * E-mail: ,
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12
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Kostic S, Hauke T, Ghahramani N, Filipovic N, Vukojevic K. Expression pattern of apoptosis-inducing factor in the kidneys of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Acta Histochem 2020; 122:151655. [PMID: 33171392 DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2020.151655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Revised: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is believed that tubulo-interstitial fibrosis and atrophy in diabetic patients are directly associated with the progression of chronic kidney disease, CKD. AIF is one of the crucial factors responsible for mitochondrial apoptosis, however, it can also promote cell survival independently from its role in apoptosis, and therefore can be potentially used as a tool in prevention of the onset of CKD in diabetic patients. Our aim was to investigate the significance of AIF expression in the development of CKD by observing the expression of AIF in 2 weeks' and 2 months' kidneys of diabetic rats compared to their controls. METHODS Male Sprague-Dawley rats were treated with 55 mg/kg streptozotocin (model of type 1 diabetes mellitus; DM group) or citrate buffer (control). After 2 weeks and 2 months kidney samples were collected and analysed in different renal areas. RESULTS Characteristic morphologic changes were found between the 2 months' control and 2 months' diabetic groups. Those changes, including fibrosis and possible replacement of podocytes with connective tissue were mainly present in the glomeruli. AIF expression was seen in the both cortex, and in the collecting ducts of the medulla. Strong intensity of AIF expression was seen in proximal and distal convoluted tubules in both diabetic groups. In the control groups the glomeruli showed no AIF staining but moderate staining was seen in both diabetic groups. Overall, the percentage of AIF positive cells in the glomeruli was the lowest. The greatest rise in cell positivity was displayed from the 2 weeks' control group to 2 weeks' diabetes group (38 %) in glomeruli. The cell positivity of the 2 weeks' diabetic group is significantly reduced to 18 % in the 2 months' diabetic group in glomeruli. A similar pattern was seen in the proximal tubular cells (92 % positivity 2 weeks diabetic groups; 89 % positivity 2 months diabetic groups), as well as in the distal tubules. The highest percentage of AIF positive cells was seen in the collecting ducts, more than 80 % in all groups. CONCLUSIONS Our study provides insight into AIF expression pattern during short term diabetes model, confirming possible dual role of AIF, not only in apoptosis but also in cell function and homeostasis, and proving AIF as potential therapeutic target and marker of advancement of CKD.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Apoptosis/drug effects
- Apoptosis Inducing Factor/genetics
- Apoptosis Inducing Factor/metabolism
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/chemically induced
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/genetics
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/metabolism
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/pathology
- Diabetic Nephropathies/genetics
- Diabetic Nephropathies/metabolism
- Diabetic Nephropathies/pathology
- Fibrosis
- Gene Expression Regulation
- Glomerular Mesangium/metabolism
- Glomerular Mesangium/pathology
- Kidney Tubules, Collecting/metabolism
- Kidney Tubules, Collecting/pathology
- Kidney Tubules, Distal/metabolism
- Kidney Tubules, Distal/pathology
- Kidney Tubules, Proximal/metabolism
- Kidney Tubules, Proximal/pathology
- Male
- Nephritis, Interstitial/genetics
- Nephritis, Interstitial/metabolism
- Nephritis, Interstitial/pathology
- Podocytes/metabolism
- Podocytes/pathology
- Rats
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Streptozocin/administration & dosage
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Kostic
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, University of Split School of Medicine, Soltanska 2, 21000, Split, Croatia.
| | - Tim Hauke
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, University of Split School of Medicine, Soltanska 2, 21000, Split, Croatia
| | - Nasrollah Ghahramani
- Penn State College of Medicine Division of Nephrology, Hershey, PA 17033, United States
| | - Natalija Filipovic
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, University of Split School of Medicine, Soltanska 2, 21000, Split, Croatia
| | - Katarina Vukojevic
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, University of Split School of Medicine, Soltanska 2, 21000, Split, Croatia
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13
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Majumder S, Amin M, Pushpakumar S, Sen U. Collagen receptor- and metalloproteinase-dependent hypertensive stress response in mesangial and glomerular endothelial cells. Mol Cell Biochem 2020; 466:1-15. [PMID: 31912277 PMCID: PMC10809865 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-019-03680-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2019] [Accepted: 12/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Progressive alteration of the extracellular matrix (ECM) is the characteristic of hypertensive nephropathy (HN). Both mesangial and endothelial cells have the ability to synthesize and degrade ECM components, including collagens through the activation of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) in stress conditions, such as in hypertension. On the other hand, hydrogen sulfide (H2S) has been shown to mitigate hypertensive renal matrix remodeling. Surprisingly, whether H2S ameliorates receptor-mediated (urokinase plasminogen activator receptor-associated protein, uPARAP/Endo180) collagen dysregulation in Ang-II hypertension is not clear. The purpose of this study was to determine whether Ang-II alters the expression of Endo180, tissue plasminogen activator (tPA), MMPs, and their tissue inhibitors (TIMPs) leading to the dysregulation of cellular collagen homeostasis and whether H2S mitigates the collagen turnover. Mouse mesangial cells (MCs) and glomerular endothelial cells (MGECs) were treated without or with Ang-II and H2S donor GYY (GYY4137) for 48 h. Cell lysates were analyzed by Western blot and RT-PCR, and cells were analyzed by immunocytochemistry. The results indicated that, while Ang-II differentially expressed MMP-13 and TIMP-1 in MCs and in MGECs, it predominantly decreased tPA, Endo 180, and increased plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), MMP-14, and collagen IIIA and IV in both the cell types. Interestingly, H2S donor GYY treatment normalized the above changes in both the cell types. We conclude that Ang-II treatment causes ECM remodeling in MCs and MGECs through PAI-1/tPA/Endo180 and MMP/TIMP-dependent collagen remodeling, and H2S treatment mitigates remodeling, in part, by modulating these pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suravi Majumder
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
| | - Matthew Amin
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
| | - Sathnur Pushpakumar
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
| | - Utpal Sen
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA.
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14
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Gong J, Zhan H, Li Y, Zhang W, Jin J, He Q. Krüppel‑like factor 4 ameliorates diabetic kidney disease by activating autophagy via the mTOR pathway. Mol Med Rep 2019; 20:3240-3248. [PMID: 31432191 PMCID: PMC6755248 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 07/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is diagnosed increasingly frequently and represents a serious threat to human health. Krüppel‑like factor 4 (KLF4) has aroused attention due to its potential effect on podocytes and in ameliorating proteinuria associated with glomerulopathy. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the potential role of KLF4 in DKD. It was hypothesized that KLF4 impacts diabetic nephropathy by mediating the podocyte autophagic process. A KLF4 plasmid vector was constructed, and podocytes were transfected and incubated with DKD mice serum for in vitro experiments. A db/db spontaneous DKD mouse model was also established for in vivo study. After treatment, the level of serum creatinine (Scr), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and 24‑h urinary protein was determined. Immunofluorescence and periodic acid‑Schiff staining, western blotting, flow cytometry and a TUNEL assay were performed to observe changes in glomerular morphology and the level of apoptosis, cytoskeleton proteins, epithelial‑mesenchymal transition (EMT) biomarkers, autophagic proteins and mTOR pathway proteins in each group. KLF4 overexpression significantly reduced the level of urinary albumin, Scr, BUN and attenuated mesangial matrix expansion, as well as mesangial cell proliferation in DKD mice. KLF4 overexpression also inhibited podocyte apoptosis and downregulated vimentin and α‑smooth muscle actin, and upregulated E‑cadherin and nephrin, both in vivo and in vitro. Moreover, the microtubule associated protein 1 light chain 3α (LC3)‑II/LC3‑I ratio and LC3‑II fluorescence was significantly increased in the vector‑KLF4 group compared to the negative control vector group both in vivo and in vitro. Finally, a decrease in the level of phosphorylated (p)‑mTOR and p‑S6K protein expression was observed following KLF4 overexpression in vitro. The present findings suggested that KLF4 plays a renoprotective role in DKD, which is associated with the activation of podocyte autophagy, and may be involved in the mTOR signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianguang Gong
- Department of Nephrology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, P.R. China
- People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, P.R. China
- Chinese Medical Nephrology Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, P.R. China
| | - Huifang Zhan
- Department of Emergency, Zhejiang University Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P.R. China
| | - Yiwen Li
- Department of Nephrology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, P.R. China
- People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, P.R. China
- Chinese Medical Nephrology Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, P.R. China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, P.R. China
- People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, P.R. China
- Chinese Medical Nephrology Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, P.R. China
| | - Juan Jin
- Department of Nephrology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, P.R. China
- People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, P.R. China
- Chinese Medical Nephrology Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, P.R. China
| | - Qiang He
- Department of Nephrology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, P.R. China
- People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, P.R. China
- Chinese Medical Nephrology Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, P.R. China
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15
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Taylor S, Pieri K, Nanni P, Tica J, Barratt J, Didangelos A. Phosphatidylethanolamine binding protein-4 (PEBP4) is increased in IgA nephropathy and is associated with IgA-positive B-cells in affected kidneys. J Autoimmun 2019; 105:102309. [PMID: 31402200 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2019.102309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Revised: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
IgA nephropathy (IgAN) is the most common glomerulonephritis worldwide and a major cause of chronic kidney disease and failure. IgAN is driven by an autoimmune reaction against galactose-deficient IgA1 that results in the generation of autoantibodies and large IgG-IgA immune complexes. Immune complexes accumulate in the glomerular mesangium causing chronic inflammation and renal scarring. A significant proportion of IgAN patients develop end-stage kidney disease and require dialysis or transplantation. Currently, there are no approved specific therapies that can ameliorate the systemic autoimmune reaction in IgAN and no biomarkers that can predict renal inflammation and scarring. In this study, we used shotgun LC-MS/MS proteomics to compare small volumes of urine from healthy subjects and IgAN patients. We identified multiple urine proteins with unknown renal or IgAN function. Our attention was captured by the increase of phosphatidylethanolamine binding protein-4 (PEBP4) in IgAN urine. The function of PEBP4 in IgAN or renal disease is unknown. Increased levels of urine and serum PEBP4 were subsequently validated in different cohorts of IgAN patients and PEBP4 was linked to declining kidney function in IgAN. Strong PEBP4 staining was sporadically seen in IgAN kidney biopsies, colocalising with IgA in glomeruli and in the lumen of kidney tubules. In a small number of IgAN biopsies, PEBP4 colocalised with IgA and CD19 while the increased excretion of PEBP4 in IgAN urine was accompanied by increased excretion of classic B-cell factors BAFF, BCMA and TACI as well as IgA and IgG. PEBP4 is a new IgAN-related protein with unknown function and a likely renal disease marker in urine and serum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott Taylor
- University of Leicester, Mayer IgA Nephropathy Laboratory, University Road, LE1 7RH, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Kyriaki Pieri
- University of Leicester, Mayer IgA Nephropathy Laboratory, University Road, LE1 7RH, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Paolo Nanni
- University of Leicester, Mayer IgA Nephropathy Laboratory, University Road, LE1 7RH, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Jure Tica
- University of Leicester, Mayer IgA Nephropathy Laboratory, University Road, LE1 7RH, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan Barratt
- University of Leicester, Mayer IgA Nephropathy Laboratory, University Road, LE1 7RH, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Athanasios Didangelos
- University of Leicester, Mayer IgA Nephropathy Laboratory, University Road, LE1 7RH, Leicester, United Kingdom.
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16
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Li S, Zeng YC, Peng K, Liu C, Zhang ZR, Zhang L. Design and evaluation of glomerulus mesangium-targeted PEG-PLGA nanoparticles loaded with dexamethasone acetate. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2019; 40:143-150. [PMID: 29950614 PMCID: PMC6318296 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-018-0052-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2018] [Accepted: 05/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis (MsPGN), one of the most common glomerulonephritis pathological types, often leads to end-stage renal disease over a prolonged period. But the current treatment of MsPGN is non-specific and causes serious side effects, thus novel therapeutics and targeting strategies are urgently demanded. By combining the advantages of PEG-PLGA nanoparticles and the size selection mechanism of renal glomerulus, we designed and developed a novel PEG-PLGA nanoparticle delivery system capable of delivering dexamethasone acetate (A-DEX) into glomerular mesangium. We determined that 90 nm was the optimum size to encapsulate A-DEX for glomerular mesangium targeting based on the size-selection mechanism of glomerulus. After intravenous administration in rats, 90 nm DiD-loaded NPs were found to accumulate to a greater extent in the kidney and kidney cortex compared with the free DiD solution. The 90 nm A-DEX NPs are also more stable at room temperature and showed a sustained release pattern. In rat glomerular mesangial cells (HBZY-1) in vitro, we found that the uptake of 90 nm A-DEX NPs was both temperature-dependent and energe-dependent, and they were mostly engulfed via clathrin-dependent endocytosis pathways. In summary, we have successfully developed a glomerular mesangium-targeted PEG-PLGA NPs, which is potential for the treatment of MsPGN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sha Li
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, China
| | - Ying-Chun Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, China
| | - Ke Peng
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, China
| | - Chang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhi-Rong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, China
| | - Ling Zhang
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, China.
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Wada Y, Matsumoto K, Suzuki T, Saito T, Kanazawa N, Tachibana S, Iseri K, Sugiyama M, Iyoda M, Shibata T. Clinical significance of serum and mesangial galactose-deficient IgA1 in patients with IgA nephropathy. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0206865. [PMID: 30388165 PMCID: PMC6214568 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0206865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2018] [Accepted: 10/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Galactose-deficient IgA1 (Gd-IgA1) is a critical pathogenic factor for IgA nephropathy (IgAN), but its value as a disease-specific biomarker remains controversial. We aimed to clarify the clinical significance of Gd-IgA1 in patients with IgAN. Methods We retrospectively reviewed 111 patients who were diagnosed with IgAN based on the findings of renal biopsies (RB) at Showa University Hospital since 2007. Serum Gd-IgA1 (s-Gd-IgA1) at the time of RB was compared among 111 IgAN patients, 18 Henoch-Schönlein purpura nephritis (HSPN) patients, 29 lupus nephritis (LN) patients, 28 ANCA-associated vasculitis (AAV) patients, and 13 minimal change disease (MCD) patients using ELISA with an anti-human Gd-IgA1-specific monoclonal antibody (KM55). We also immunohistochemically stained paraffin-embedded sections for mesangial Gd-IgA1 (m-Gd-IgA1) deposition using KM55. Results Although levels of s-Gd-IgA1 were comparable among IgAN and HSPN, s-Gd-IgA1 levels were significantly elevated in patients with IgAN compared with LN, AAV and MCD (IgAN vs. HSPN, LN, AAV, and MCD: 16.2 ± 9.1 vs. 14.2 ± 10.8, p = 0.263; 12.7 ± 9.4, p = 0.008; 13.1 ± 7.3, p = 0.059; and 8.2 ± 4.8 μg/mL, p<0.001, respectively). Mesangial-Gd-IgA1 deposition was specifically detected in IgAN or HSPN. The increase in s-Gd-IgA1 significantly correlated with m-Gd-IgA1 positivity in patients with IgAN, and s-Gd-IgA1 elevation and m-Gd-IgA1 deposition were evident in patients with histopathologically advanced IgAN. Moreover, s-Gd-IgA1 levels were significantly higher in IgAN patients with glomerular sclerosis and tubulo-interstitial lesions. Mesangial-Gd-IgA1 intensity negatively correlated with eGFR in IgAN. Multivariate analysis selected s-Gd-IgA1 elevation as a significant risk factor for a 30%-reduction in eGFR in IgAN (HR, 1.37; 95% CI, 1.02–1.89; p = 0.038). Conclusions Although IgAN and HSPN remain difficult to differentiate, s-Gd-IgA1 elevation and m-Gd-IgA1 deposition are reliable diagnostic factors that reflect IgAN severity. Serum-Gd-IgA1 could serve as a predictor of renal outcomes in IgAN. Thus, Gd-IgA1 could be significant biomarker for patients with IgAN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukihiro Wada
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Kei Matsumoto
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Taihei Suzuki
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Saito
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nobuhiro Kanazawa
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shohei Tachibana
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ken Iseri
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Motonori Sugiyama
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masayuki Iyoda
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takanori Shibata
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Backer G, Eddy S, Sheehan SM, Takemon Y, Reznichenko A, Savage HS, Kretzler M, Korstanje R. FAR2 is associated with kidney disease in mice and humans. Physiol Genomics 2018; 50:543-552. [PMID: 29652635 PMCID: PMC6139637 DOI: 10.1152/physiolgenomics.00118.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2017] [Revised: 04/10/2018] [Accepted: 04/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesangial matrix expansion is an important process in the initiation of chronic kidney disease, yet the genetic factors driving its development are unknown. Our previous studies have implicated Far2 as a candidate gene associated with differences in mesangial matrix expansion between mouse inbred strains. Consistent with the hypothesis that increased expression of Far2 leads to mesangial matrix expansion through increased production of platelet-activating factor precursors, we show that FAR2 is capable of mediating de novo platelet-activating factor synthesis in vitro and driven by the transcription factor NKX3.2. We demonstrate that knockdown of Far2 in mice delays the progression of mesangial matrix expansion with at least six months (equivalent to ~15 yr in human). Furthermore, we show that increased FAR2 expression in human patients is associated with diabetic nephropathy, lupus nephritis, and IgA nephropathy. Taken together, these results highlight FAR2's role in the development of mesangial matrix expansion and chronic kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sean Eddy
- Department of Internal Medicine, the Division of Nephrology, University of Michigan , Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | | | | | | | | | - Matthias Kretzler
- Department of Internal Medicine, the Division of Nephrology, University of Michigan , Ann Arbor, Michigan
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19
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Ruhnke L, Sradnick J, Al-Mekhlafi M, Gerlach M, Gembardt F, Hohenstein B, Todorov VT, Hugo C. Progenitor Renin Lineage Cells are not involved in the regeneration of glomerular endothelial cells during experimental renal thrombotic microangiopathy. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0196752. [PMID: 29771991 PMCID: PMC5957372 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0196752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2018] [Accepted: 04/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Endothelial cells (EC) frequently undergo primary or secondary injury during kidney disease such as thrombotic microangiopathy or glomerulonephritis. Renin Lineage Cells (RLCs) serve as a progenitor cell niche after glomerular damage in the adult kidney. However, it is not clear whether RLCs also contribute to endothelial replenishment in the glomerulus following endothelial injury. Therefore, we investigated the role of RLCs as a potential progenitor niche for glomerular endothelial regeneration. We used an inducible tet-on triple-transgenic reporter strain mRen-rtTAm2/LC1/LacZ to pulse-label the renin-producing RLCs in adult mice. Unilateral kidney EC damage (EC model) was induced by renal artery perfusion with concanavalin/anti-concanavalin. In this model glomerular EC injury and depletion developed within 1 day while regeneration occurred after 7 days. LacZ-labelled RLCs were restricted to the juxtaglomerular compartment of the afferent arterioles at baseline conditions. In contrast, during the regenerative phase of the EC model (day 7) a subset of LacZ-tagged RLCs migrated to the glomerular tuft. Intraglomerular RLCs did not express renin anymore and did not stain for glomerular endothelial or podocyte cell markers, but for the mesangial cell markers α8-integrin and PDGFRβ. Accordingly, we found pronounced mesangial cell damage parallel to the endothelial injury induced by the EC model. These results demonstrated that in our EC model RLCs are not involved in endothelial regeneration. Rather, recruitment of RLCs seems to be specific for the repair of the concomitantly damaged mesangium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leo Ruhnke
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Fetscherstrasse 74, Dresden, Germany
| | - Jan Sradnick
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Fetscherstrasse 74, Dresden, Germany
| | - Moath Al-Mekhlafi
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Fetscherstrasse 74, Dresden, Germany
| | - Michael Gerlach
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Fetscherstrasse 74, Dresden, Germany
| | - Florian Gembardt
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Fetscherstrasse 74, Dresden, Germany
| | - Bernd Hohenstein
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Fetscherstrasse 74, Dresden, Germany
| | - Vladimir T. Todorov
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Fetscherstrasse 74, Dresden, Germany
- * E-mail: (CH); (VTT)
| | - Christian Hugo
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Fetscherstrasse 74, Dresden, Germany
- * E-mail: (CH); (VTT)
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20
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Xiao YH, He XY, Han Q, Yang F, Zhou SX. Atorvastatin prevents glomerular extracellular matrix formation by interfering with the PKC signaling pathway. Mol Med Rep 2018; 17:6441-6448. [PMID: 29532876 PMCID: PMC5928626 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.8724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2017] [Accepted: 01/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Platelet-activating factor (PAF) promotes glomerular extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition, primarily through activation of the protein kinase C (PKC) pathway. The present study was designed to investigate whether atorvastatin, which mediates a protective effect against glomerular ECM deposition and diabetic neuropathy, may interfere with the PKC‑transforming growth factor‑β1 (TGF‑β1) pathway in a model of human mesangial cells (HMCs) exposed to a high glucose (HG) and lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) environment. HMCs were divided into three treatment groups: Control, high glucose and lysophosphatidylcholine (HG+LPC), and HG+LPC+atorvastatin. Cells were cultured for 24 h. The levels of the ECM‑associated molecules collagen IV (Col IV) and fibronectin (Fn) in the supernatant were detected using an ELISA kit. PKC‑β1, TGF‑β1 and PAF‑receptor gene expression was detected by reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction. PKC‑β1 and TGF‑β1 protein expression was detected by western blotting, and the subcellular localization of PKC‑β1 was assessed using immunofluorescence. The results indicated that atorvastatin may reduce the secretion of ECM components (Fn and Col IV) in HMCs in a HG and LPC environment, by inhibiting the increase in PAF secretion and the activation of the PKC‑TGF‑β1 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Hua Xiao
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi 541001, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Yun He
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi 541001, P.R. China
- Department of Endocrinology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, P.R. China
| | - Qing Han
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi 541001, P.R. China
| | - Fan Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi 541001, P.R. China
| | - Su-Xian Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi 541001, P.R. China
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Abstract
Recently, a number of reports have described dominant C3 deposits in renal biopsies of patients with infection-related glomerulonephritis (GN). While acute post-infectious GN and membranoproliferative GN are commonly characterized by immune deposits containing C3 and/or C4, the absence of immunoglobulin (Ig) and/or immune complexes at light or electron microscopy is a rather unusual observation. Dominant C3 deposition is believed to result from the alternative pathway of complement activation via the C3bBb "tickover" convertase. The actual occurrence of C3 glomerulopathy could be underestimated, since infection-related GN often quickly subsides without the need for a renal biopsy. A more thorough understanding of the pathways that lead to complement assembly and deposition within the kidney is needed to support a new classification of complement-related lesions, including entities such as dense deposit disease, (atypical) hemolytic-uremic syndrome, dominant C1q, CFHR5, C4d, and C3 glomerulopathies. We will briefly review recent work in this area, focusing on GN with selective complement C3 deposits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Pirozzi
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, University of Rome "La Sapienza", Rome, Italy
- Chair and Division of Nephrology, Sant'Andrea University Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonella Stoppacciaro
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, University of Rome "La Sapienza", Rome, Italy
- Division of Pathology, Sant'Andrea University Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo Menè
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, University of Rome "La Sapienza", Rome, Italy.
- Chair and Division of Nephrology, Sant'Andrea University Hospital, Rome, Italy.
- UOC Nefrologia, A.O. Sant'Andrea, Via di Grottarossa 1035-1039, 00189, Rome, Italy.
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Bera A, Das F, Ghosh-Choudhury N, Mariappan MM, Kasinath BS, Ghosh Choudhury G. Reciprocal regulation of miR-214 and PTEN by high glucose regulates renal glomerular mesangial and proximal tubular epithelial cell hypertrophy and matrix expansion. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2017; 313:C430-C447. [PMID: 28701356 PMCID: PMC5668576 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00081.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2017] [Revised: 07/06/2017] [Accepted: 07/09/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Aberrant expression of microRNAs (miRs) contributes to diabetic renal complications, including renal hypertrophy and matrix protein accumulation. Reduced expression of phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) by hyperglycemia contributes to these processes. We considered involvement of miR in the downregulation of PTEN. In the renal cortex of type 1 diabetic mice, we detected increased expression of miR-214 in association with decreased levels of PTEN and enhanced Akt phosphorylation and fibronectin expression. Mesangial and proximal tubular epithelial cells exposed to high glucose showed augmented expression of miR-214. Mutagenesis studies using 3'-UTR of PTEN in a reporter construct revealed PTEN as a direct target of miR-214, which controls its expression in both of these cells. Overexpression of miR-214 decreased the levels of PTEN and increased Akt activity similar to high glucose and lead to phosphorylation of its substrates glycogen synthase kinase-3β, PRAS40, and tuberin. In contrast, quenching of miR-214 inhibited high-glucose-induced Akt activation and its substrate phosphorylation; these changes were reversed by small interfering RNAs against PTEN. Importantly, respective expression of miR-214 or anti-miR-214 increased or decreased the mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) activity induced by high glucose. Furthermore, mTORC1 activity was controlled by miR-214-targeted PTEN via Akt activation. In addition, neutralization of high-glucose-stimulated miR-214 expression significantly inhibited cell hypertrophy and expression of the matrix protein fibronectin. Finally, the anti-miR-214-induced inhibition of these processes was reversed by the expression of constitutively active Akt kinase and hyperactive mTORC1. These results uncover a significant role of miR-214 in the activation of mTORC1 that contributes to high-glucose-induced mesangial and proximal tubular cell hypertrophy and fibronectin expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Bera
- Department of Medicine, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Falguni Das
- Department of Medicine, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Nandini Ghosh-Choudhury
- Veterans Affairs Biomedical Laboratory Research, South Texas Veterans Health Care System, San Antonio, Texas
- Department of Pathology, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas; and
| | | | - Balakuntalam S Kasinath
- Department of Medicine, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas
- Veterans Affairs Biomedical Laboratory Research, South Texas Veterans Health Care System, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Goutam Ghosh Choudhury
- Department of Medicine, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas;
- Veterans Affairs Biomedical Laboratory Research, South Texas Veterans Health Care System, San Antonio, Texas
- Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Research, South Texas Veterans Health Care System, San Antonio, Texas
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Lu G, Zhang X, Shen L, Qiao Q, Li Y, Sun J, Zhang J. CCL20 secreted from IgA1-stimulated human mesangial cells recruits inflammatory Th17 cells in IgA nephropathy. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0178352. [PMID: 28552941 PMCID: PMC5446182 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0178352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2017] [Accepted: 05/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
IgA nephropathy (IgAN) is the most common primary glomerulonephritis characterized by human mesangial cells (HMC) proliferation and extracellular matrix expansion associated with immune deposits consisting of galactose-deficient IgA1. However, how IgA1 contributes to IgAN has yet to be completely elucidated. In this study, the expression profile of chemokines was more altered in IgA1-treated HMC than in the control group. CCL20 was significantly higher either in the serum of IgAN patients or in IgA1-treated HMC. Further experiments demonstrated that CCR6, the only receptor of CCL20, was highly expressed in activated T cells. Intracellular staining assay and cytokine expression profile implied that CCR6+ T cells produced high IL-17 levels. Transwell experiment immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence experiments extensively demonstrated that CCL20 could recruit inflammatory Th17 cells to the kidneys. These phenomena caused a series of immune inflammatory responses and further damaged the kidneys. Therefore, HMC stimulated by IgA1 could produce CCL20 and consequently recruit inflammatory Th17 cells to the kidneys to induce further lesion in IgA nephropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoyuan Lu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaopan Zhang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lei Shen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qing Qiao
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuan Li
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jieqiong Sun
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jinping Zhang
- Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China
- * E-mail:
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24
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Clark SD, Nabity MB, Cianciolo RE, Dufek B, Cosgrove D. X-Linked Alport Dogs Demonstrate Mesangial Filopodial Invasion of the Capillary Tuft as an Early Event in Glomerular Damage. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0168343. [PMID: 27959966 PMCID: PMC5154607 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0168343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2016] [Accepted: 11/29/2016] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND X-linked Alport syndrome (XLAS), caused by mutations in the type IV collagen COL4A5 gene, accounts for approximately 80% of human Alport syndrome. Dogs with XLAS have a similar clinical progression. Prior studies in autosomal recessive Alport mice demonstrated early mesangial cell invasion as the source of laminin 211 in the glomerular basement membrane (GBM), leading to proinflammatory signaling. The objective of this study was to verify this process in XLAS dogs. METHODS XLAS dogs and WT littermates were monitored with serial clinicopathologic data and kidney biopsies. Biopsies were obtained at set milestones defined by the onset of microalbuminuria (MA), overt proteinuria, onset of azotemia, moderate azotemia, and euthanasia. Kidney biopsies were analyzed by histopathology, immunohistochemistry, and electron microscopy. RESULTS XLAS dogs showed progressive decrease in renal function and progressive increase in interstitial fibrosis and glomerulosclerosis (based on light microscopy and immunostaining for fibronectin). The only identifiable structural abnormality at the time of microalbuminuria was ultrastructural evidence of mild segmental GBM multilamination, which was more extensive when overt proteinuria developed. Co-localization studies showed that mesangial laminin 211 and integrin α8β1 accumulated in the GBM at the onset of overt proteinuria and coincided with ultrastructural evidence of mild cellular interpositioning, consistent with invasion of the capillary loops by mesangial cell processes. CONCLUSION In a large animal model, the induction of mesangial filopodial invasion of the glomerular capillary loop leading to the irregular deposition of laminin 211 is an early initiating event in Alport glomerular pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina D. Clark
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Texas A&M University College of Veterinary Medicine & Biomedical Sciences, College Station, Texas, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Mary B. Nabity
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Texas A&M University College of Veterinary Medicine & Biomedical Sciences, College Station, Texas, United States of America
| | - Rachel E. Cianciolo
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, The Ohio State University Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Brianna Dufek
- Center for Basic Research, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Omaha, Nebraska, United States of America
| | - Dominic Cosgrove
- Center for Basic Research, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Omaha, Nebraska, United States of America
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Donegan D, Bale LK, Conover CA. PAPP-A in normal human mesangial cells: effect of inflammation and factors related to diabetic nephropathy. J Endocrinol 2016; 231:71-80. [PMID: 27519211 DOI: 10.1530/joe-16-0205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2016] [Accepted: 08/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) are implicated in the development of diabetic nephropathy (DN) and are shown to increase proliferation and extracellular matrix production in mesangial cells. The IGF system is complex and is composed of ligands, receptors, six binding proteins (IGF BPs) and a novel zinc metalloproteinase - pregnancy-associated plasma protein (PAPP)-A. PAPP-A increases the local bioavailability of IGF through the cleavage of IGF BP-4. Mesangial expansion is a major component of DN, and PAPP-A is shown to be increased in the glomeruli of patients with DN. Therefore, we determined the expression of PAPP-A and components of the IGF system in normal human mesangial cells (HMCs) and their regulation by factors known to be involved in DN. Under basal conditions, HMCs expressed PAPP-A, IGF1 receptor and all six IGF BPs. Interleukin (IL)-1β was the most potent stimulus for PAPP-A expression (5-fold) followed by tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α (2.5-fold). This PAPP-A was secreted, cell associated and proteolytically active. IL1β also increased IGF BP-1expression (3-fold) with either reduction or no effect on other IGF BPs. Generally, TNF-α treatment decreased IGF BP expression. No treatment effect on PAPP-A or IGF BPs was seen with IL6, IGFs, advanced glycation end products or prolonged hyperglycemia. In addition, stimulation of HMCs with IGF1 alone or IGF1 complexed to wild-type, but not protease-resistant, IGF BP-4 led to increased [(3)H]-thymidine incorporation. In conclusion, these novel findings of PAPP-A and its regulation by proinflammatory cytokines, as well as the comprehensive analysis of the IGF system regulation in HMCs, suggest a mechanism by which inflammatory states such as DN can impact IGF activity in the kidney.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diane Donegan
- Division of EndocrinologyDiabetes, Metabolism and Nutrition, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Laurie K Bale
- Division of EndocrinologyDiabetes, Metabolism and Nutrition, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Cheryl A Conover
- Division of EndocrinologyDiabetes, Metabolism and Nutrition, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
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Abstract
BACKGROUND C3 glomerulonephritis (C3 GN) is a recently defined entity characterized by predominant C3 deposition in glomeruli due to abnormal activation of the alternative pathway of complement system. C3 GN has been reported to be associated with several systemic diseases. However, the association between C3 GN and multiple myeloma (MM) has not been well established. METHODS We herein describe a case presenting with C3 GN on top of MM. RESULTS A 64-year-old Chinese female presented with gross hematuria, renal dysfunction, anemia, and weight loss. Results of serum immunofixation assay and bone marrow biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of IgG-λ-type MM. In addition, renal biopsy demonstrated histological findings characteristic of C3 GN, including mesangial and endocapillary proliferation under light microscope, electron-dense deposits under electron microscope, and diffuse granular deposition of C3 with no immunoglobulin under immunofluorescence microscope. These histological findings, combined with low serum C3 level, suggested the occurrence of C3 GN in the context of MM. CONCLUSION This case study provides additional evidence to the literature in terms of the association between C3 GN and MM. We hypothesize that C3 GN may present as a new variant of nephropathy in MM and the mechanism behind this association merits further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang Yin
- National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Diseases, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, China
- Correspondence: Guang Yin, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Diseases, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, 305 East Zhongshan Road, Nanjing 210002, China (e-mail: )
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Ji M, Lu Y, Zhao C, Gao W, He F, Zhang J, Zhao D, Qiu W, Wang Y. C5a Induces the Synthesis of IL-6 and TNF-α in Rat Glomerular Mesangial Cells through MAPK Signaling Pathways. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0161867. [PMID: 27583546 PMCID: PMC5008626 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0161867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2016] [Accepted: 08/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory response has been reported to contribute to the renal lesions in rat Thy-1 nephritis (Thy-1N) as an animal model of human mesangioproliferative glomerulonephritis (MsPGN). Besides C5b-9 complex, C5a is also a potent pro-inflammatory mediator and correlated to severity of various nephritic diseases. However, the role of C5a in mediating pro-inflammatory cytokine production in rats with Thy-1N is poorly defined. In the present studies, the levels of C5a, interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were first determined in the renal tissues of rats with Thy-1N. Then, the expression of IL-6 and TNF-α was detected in rat glomerular mesangial cells (GMC) stimulated with our recombinant rat C5a in vitro. Subsequently, the activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways (p38 MAPK, ERK1/2 and JNK) and their roles in the regulation of IL-6 and TNF-α production were examined in the GMC induced by C5a. The results showed that the levels of C5a, IL-6 and TNF-α were markedly increased in the renal tissues of Thy-1N rats. Rat C5a stimulation in vitro could up-regulate the expression of IL-6 and TNF-α in rat GMC, and the activation of MAPK signaling pathways was involved in the induction of IL-6 and TNF-α. Mechanically, p38 MAPK activation promoted IL-6 production, while either ERK1/2 or JNK activation promoted TNF-α production in the GMC with exposure to C5a. Taken together, these data implicate that C5a induces the synthesis of IL-6 and TNF-α in rat GMC through the activation of MAPK signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingde Ji
- Department of Immunology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211166, P.R. China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, P.R. China
| | - Yanlai Lu
- Department of Immunology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211166, P.R. China
| | - Chenhui Zhao
- Department of Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, P.R. China
| | - Wenxing Gao
- Basic Medical Science of Basic Medical College, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211166, P.R. China
| | - Fengxia He
- Department of Immunology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211166, P.R. China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Immunology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211166, P.R. China
| | - Dan Zhao
- Department of Immunology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211166, P.R. China
| | - Wen Qiu
- Department of Immunology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211166, P.R. China
- * E-mail:
| | - Yingwei Wang
- Department of Immunology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211166, P.R. China
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Takahara H, Shirato I, Asanuma K, Yamashita M, Takeda Y, Tomino Y. Tensin Is Expressed in Glomerular Mesangial Cells and Is Related to Their Attachment to Surrounding Extracellular Matrix. J Histochem Cytochem 2016; 52:683-91. [PMID: 15100245 DOI: 10.1177/002215540405200512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Glomerular expression of tensin was immunohistochemically studied in normal and diseased rat kidneys to determine whether tensin might be related to specific binding in individual glomerular cells. Normal rat kidneys displayed an intense immunofluorescence reaction for tensin along the basal aspects of proximal and distal tubule cells and parietal epithelial cells of Bowman's capsules. In glomeruli, a positive reaction for tensin was detected only in the mesangial areas. Immunoelectron microscopy revealed a positive reaction in the mesangial cell (MC) processes. RT-PCR and immunoprecipitation demonstrated mRNA and protein levels of tensin in cultured rat MCs. Mesangial tensin expression was decreased when the mesangium was injured by Habu snake venom. During the regenerative process after mesangiolysis, tensin expression was not detected in early-phase proliferating MCs that did not have extracellular matrix (ECM). The expression of tensin recovered in late-phase proliferating MCs, which became attached to regenerated ECM. It appears that tensin is related to MC attachment to surrounding ECM, which suggests that signal transduction regulated by tensin may be related to a specific mechanism of MC matrix regeneration. Furthermore, tensin can act as a marker for rat MCs because the expression of tensin was detected only in MCs in glomeruli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hisatsugu Takahara
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Liang Y, Zhang J, Zhou Y, Xing G, Zhao G, Liu Z. Proliferation and Cytokine Production of Human Mesangial Cells Stimulated by Secretory IgA Isolated from Patients with IgA Nephropathy. Cell Physiol Biochem 2016; 36:1793-1808. [PMID: 26184511 DOI: 10.1159/000430151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS IgA nephropathy (IgAN) is the most common form of primary glomerulonephritis, and often aggravates by mucosal infection. Secretory IgA (SIgA) is the dominant immunoglobulin in mucosal immunity, and is deposited in the mesangium in IgAN. The biological effects of SIgA on mesangial cells are poorly understood. METHODS Deposition of SIgA in frozen renal sections from IgAN patients was detected and the association between deposition of SIgA and patients characteristics was analyzed. The biological effects of SIgA and polymeric IgA (pIgA) on human renal mesangial cells were compared. We also studied the molecular mechanism of microRNA regulating the inflammatory effects of SIgA on mesangial cells. RESULTS Fifty-five of 176 patients had SIgA deposition with higher incidence of infection history and hematuria, lower serum cystatin C, β2 microglobulin, blood urea nitrogen and T-grade in the Oxford classification, compared with patients without SIgA deposition. SIgA stimulated mesangial cells at a higher ratio of proliferation and higher production of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, monocyte chemotactic protein 1, transforming growth factor-β1 and fibronectin, compared with SIgA from healthy volunteers. The proliferation and cytokines production in mesangial cells stimulated by SIgA were significantly lower than that stimulated by pIgA. miR- 16 targeted the 3′-untranslated region of IL-6 and suppressed its translation in mesangial cells induced by SIgA. CONCLUSIONS The biological effects of SIgA on mesangial cells differ from those of pIgA. SIgA stimulates mesangial cell proliferation and production of proinflammatory cytokines. IL-6 production is regulated by miR-16 in mesangial cells.
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Chen C, Huang K, Hao J, Huang J, Yang Z, Xiong F, Liu P, Huang H. Polydatin attenuates AGEs-induced upregulation of fibronectin and ICAM-1 in rat glomerular mesangial cells and db/db diabetic mice kidneys by inhibiting the activation of the SphK1-S1P signaling pathway. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2016; 427:45-56. [PMID: 26948947 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2016.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2015] [Revised: 02/28/2016] [Accepted: 03/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
We previously demonstrated that activation of sphingosine kinase 1 (SphK1)- sphingosine 1- phosphate (S1P) signaling pathway by high glucose (HG) plays a pivotal role in increasing the expression of fibronectin (FN), an important fibrotic component, by promoting the DNA-binding activity of transcription factor activator protein 1 (AP-1) in glomerular mesangial cells (GMCs) under diabetic conditions. As a multi-target anti-oxidative drug, polydatin (PD) has been shown to have renoprotective effects on experimental diabetes. However, whether PD could resist diabetic nephropathy (DN) by regulating SphK1-S1P signaling pathway needs further investigation. Here, we found that PD significantly reversed the upregulated FN and ICAM-1 expression in GMCs exposed to AGEs. Simultaneously, PD dose-dependently inhibited SphK1 levels at the protein expression and kinase activity and attenuated S1P production under AGEs treatment conditions. In addition, PD reduced SphK activity in GMCs transfected with wild-type SphK(WT) plasmid and significantly suppressed SphK1-mediated increase of FN and ICAM-1 levels under normal conditions. Furthermore, we found that the AGEs-induced upregulation of phosphorylation of c-Jun at Ser63 and Ser73 and c-Fos at Ser32, DNA-binding activity and transcriptional activity of AP-1 were blocked by PD. In comparison with db/db model group, PD treatment suppressed SphK1 levels (mRNA, protein expression, and activity) and S1P production, reversed the upregulation of FN, ICAM-1, c-Jun, and c-Fos in the kidney tissues of diabetic mice, and finally ameliorated renal injury in db/db mice. These findings suggested that the downregulation of SphK1-S1P signaling pathway is probably a novel mechanism by which PD suppressed AGEs-induced FN and ICAM-1 expression and improved renal dysfunction of diabetic models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Chen
- Laboratory of Pharmacology & Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Kaipeng Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Jie Hao
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Junying Huang
- Laboratory of Pharmacology & Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zhiying Yang
- Laboratory of Pharmacology & Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Fengxiao Xiong
- Laboratory of Pharmacology & Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Peiqing Liu
- Laboratory of Pharmacology & Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Heqing Huang
- Laboratory of Pharmacology & Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
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Ossoli A, Neufeld EB, Thacker SG, Vaisman B, Pryor M, Freeman LA, Brantner CA, Baranova I, Francone NO, Demosky SJ, Vitali C, Locatelli M, Abbate M, Zoja C, Franceschini G, Calabresi L, Remaley AT. Lipoprotein X Causes Renal Disease in LCAT Deficiency. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0150083. [PMID: 26919698 PMCID: PMC4769176 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0150083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2015] [Accepted: 02/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Human familial lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) deficiency (FLD) is characterized by low HDL, accumulation of an abnormal cholesterol-rich multilamellar particle called lipoprotein-X (LpX) in plasma, and renal disease. The aim of our study was to determine if LpX is nephrotoxic and to gain insight into the pathogenesis of FLD renal disease. We administered a synthetic LpX, nearly identical to endogenous LpX in its physical, chemical and biologic characteristics, to wild-type and Lcat-/- mice. Our in vitro and in vivo studies demonstrated an apoA-I and LCAT-dependent pathway for LpX conversion to HDL-like particles, which likely mediates normal plasma clearance of LpX. Plasma clearance of exogenous LpX was markedly delayed in Lcat-/- mice, which have low HDL, but only minimal amounts of endogenous LpX and do not spontaneously develop renal disease. Chronically administered exogenous LpX deposited in all renal glomerular cellular and matrical compartments of Lcat-/- mice, and induced proteinuria and nephrotoxic gene changes, as well as all of the hallmarks of FLD renal disease as assessed by histological, TEM, and SEM analyses. Extensive in vivo EM studies revealed LpX uptake by macropinocytosis into mouse glomerular endothelial cells, podocytes, and mesangial cells and delivery to lysosomes where it was degraded. Endocytosed LpX appeared to be degraded by both human podocyte and mesangial cell lysosomal PLA2 and induced podocyte secretion of pro-inflammatory IL-6 in vitro and renal Cxl10 expression in Lcat-/- mice. In conclusion, LpX is a nephrotoxic particle that in the absence of Lcat induces all of the histological and functional hallmarks of FLD and hence may serve as a biomarker for monitoring recombinant LCAT therapy. In addition, our studies suggest that LpX-induced loss of endothelial barrier function and release of cytokines by renal glomerular cells likely plays a role in the initiation and progression of FLD nephrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Ossoli
- Centro Grossi Paoletti, Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Edward B. Neufeld
- Lipoprotein Metabolism Section, Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Branch, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Seth G. Thacker
- Lipoprotein Metabolism Section, Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Branch, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Boris Vaisman
- Lipoprotein Metabolism Section, Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Branch, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Milton Pryor
- Lipoprotein Metabolism Section, Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Branch, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Lita A. Freeman
- Lipoprotein Metabolism Section, Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Branch, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Christine A. Brantner
- NHLBI Electron Microscopy Core Facility, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Irina Baranova
- Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Nicolás O. Francone
- Lipoprotein Metabolism Section, Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Branch, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Stephen J. Demosky
- Lipoprotein Metabolism Section, Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Branch, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Cecilia Vitali
- Centro Grossi Paoletti, Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Monica Locatelli
- IRCCS-Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Centro Anna Maria Astori, Science and Technology Park Kilometro Rosso, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Mauro Abbate
- IRCCS-Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Centro Anna Maria Astori, Science and Technology Park Kilometro Rosso, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Carlamaria Zoja
- IRCCS-Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Centro Anna Maria Astori, Science and Technology Park Kilometro Rosso, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Guido Franceschini
- Centro Grossi Paoletti, Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Laura Calabresi
- Centro Grossi Paoletti, Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Alan T. Remaley
- Lipoprotein Metabolism Section, Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Branch, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
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Sweetwyne MT, Gruenwald A, Niranjan T, Nishinakamura R, Strobl LJ, Susztak K. Notch1 and Notch2 in Podocytes Play Differential Roles During Diabetic Nephropathy Development. Diabetes 2015; 64:4099-111. [PMID: 26293507 PMCID: PMC4657584 DOI: 10.2337/db15-0260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2015] [Accepted: 08/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Notch pathway activation in podocytes has been shown to play an important role in diabetic kidney disease (DKD) development; however, the receptors and ligands involved in the process have not been identified. Here, we report that conditional deletion of Notch1 in podocytes using NPHS2(cre)Notch1(flox/flox) animals resulted in marked amelioration of DKD. On the contrary, podocyte-specific genetic deletion of Notch2 had no effect on albuminuria and mesangial expansion. Notch1-null podocytes were protected from apoptosis and dedifferentiation in vitro, likely explaining the protective phenotype in vivo. Deletion of Notch1 in podocytes also resulted in an increase in Notch2 expression, indicating an interaction between the receptors. At the same time, transgenic overexpression of Notch2 in podocytes did not induce phenotypic changes, while constitutive expression of Notch1 caused rapid development of albuminuria and glomerulosclerosis. In summary, our studies indicate that Notch1 plays a distinct (nonredundant) role in podocytes during DKD development.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Apoptosis
- Biomarkers/metabolism
- Cell Dedifferentiation
- Cell Line, Transformed
- Cells, Cultured
- Crosses, Genetic
- Diabetic Nephropathies/metabolism
- Diabetic Nephropathies/pathology
- Diabetic Nephropathies/prevention & control
- Glomerular Mesangium/metabolism
- Glomerular Mesangium/pathology
- Male
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- Mice, Transgenic
- Peptide Fragments/genetics
- Peptide Fragments/metabolism
- Podocytes/metabolism
- Podocytes/pathology
- Protein Interaction Domains and Motifs
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- Receptor, Notch1/chemistry
- Receptor, Notch1/genetics
- Receptor, Notch1/metabolism
- Receptor, Notch2/chemistry
- Receptor, Notch2/genetics
- Receptor, Notch2/metabolism
- Recombinant Proteins/chemistry
- Recombinant Proteins/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariya T Sweetwyne
- Renal Electrolyte and Hypertension Division, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Antje Gruenwald
- Renal Electrolyte and Hypertension Division, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Thiruvur Niranjan
- Renal Electrolyte and Hypertension Division, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Ryuichi Nishinakamura
- Department of Kidney Development, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Lothar J Strobl
- Department of Gene Vectors, Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Munich, Germany
| | - Katalin Susztak
- Renal Electrolyte and Hypertension Division, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
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33
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Yang G, Cheng Q, Liu S, Zhao J. The Role of Bone Marrow Cells in the Phenotypic Changes Associated with Diabetic Nephropathy. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0137245. [PMID: 26340671 PMCID: PMC4560440 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0137245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2015] [Accepted: 08/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of our study was to investigate the role of bone marrow cells in the phenotypic changes that occur in diabetic nephropathy. Bone marrow cells were obtained from either streptozotocin-induced diabetic or untreated control C3H/He mice and transplanted into control C3H/He mice. Eight weeks after bone marrow cell transplantation, renal morphologic changes and clinical parameters of diabetic nephropathy, including the urine albumin/creatinine ratio and glucose tolerance, were measured in vivo. Expression levels of the genes encoding α1 type IV collagen and transforming growth factor-β1 in the kidney were assayed. Our results demonstrated that glucose tolerance was normal in the recipients of bone marrow transplants from both diabetic and control donors. However, compared with recipients of the control bone marrow transplant, the urinary albumin/creatinine ratio, glomerular size, and the mesangial/glomerular area ratio increased 3.3-fold (p < 0.01), 1.23-fold (p < 0.01), and 2.13-fold (p < 0.001), respectively, in the recipients of the diabetic bone marrow transplant. Expression levels of the genes encoding glomerular α1 type IV collagen and transforming growth factor-β1 were also significantly increased (p < 0.01) in the recipients of the diabetic bone marrow transplant. Our data suggest that bone marrow cells from the STZ-induced diabetic mice can confer a diabetic phenotype to recipient control mice without the presence of hyperglycemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang Yang
- Department of Geriatric Nephrology, Chinese People’s Liberation Army General Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease, Beijing, China
| | - Qingli Cheng
- Department of Geriatric Nephrology, Chinese People’s Liberation Army General Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease, Beijing, China
- * E-mail:
| | - Sheng Liu
- Department of Geriatric Nephrology, Chinese People’s Liberation Army General Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease, Beijing, China
| | - Jiahui Zhao
- Department of Geriatric Nephrology, Chinese People’s Liberation Army General Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease, Beijing, China
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Zhu K, Kakehi T, Matsumoto M, Iwata K, Ibi M, Ohshima Y, Zhang J, Liu J, Wen X, Taye A, Fan C, Katsuyama M, Sharma K, Yabe-Nishimura C. NADPH oxidase NOX1 is involved in activation of protein kinase C and premature senescence in early stage diabetic kidney. Free Radic Biol Med 2015; 83:21-30. [PMID: 25701431 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2015.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2014] [Revised: 01/16/2015] [Accepted: 02/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Increased oxidative stress and activation of protein kinase C (PKC) under hyperglycemia have been implicated in the development of diabetic nephropathy. Because reactive oxygen species derived from nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase, NOX1 accelerate the translocation of PKC isoforms, NOX1 is postulated to play a causative role in the development of diabetic nephropathy. Hyperglycemia was induced in wild-type and Nox1-deficient mice (KO) by two doses of streptozotocin injection. At 3 weeks after the induction of hyperglycemia, glomeruli and cortical tubules were isolated from kidneys. The mRNA level of Nox1 was significantly upregulated in the renal cortex at 3 weeks of hyperglycemia. Urinary albumin and expression of inflammatory or fibrotic mediators were similarly elevated in diabetic wild-type and KO; however, increases in glomerular volume and mesangial matrix area were attenuated in diabetic KO. Nox1 deficiency significantly reduced the levels of renal thiobarbituric acid-reacting substances and 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine, membranous translocation of PKCα/β, activity of PKC, and phosphorylation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase in the diabetic kidney. Furthermore, increased staining of senescence-associated β-galactosidase in glomeruli and cortical tubules of diabetic mice was significantly suppressed in KO. Whereas the levels of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors, p16(INK4A) and p21(Cip1), were equivalent between the genotypes, increased levels of p27(Kip1) and γ-H2AX, a biomarker for DNA double-strand breaks, were significantly attenuated in isolated glomeruli and cortical tubules of diabetic KO. Taken together, NOX1 modulates the p38/p27(Kip1) signaling pathway by activating PKC and promotes premature senescence in early stage diabetic nephropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Zhu
- Department of Pharmacology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
| | - Tomoko Kakehi
- Department of Pharmacology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
| | - Misaki Matsumoto
- Department of Pharmacology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
| | - Kazumi Iwata
- Department of Pharmacology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
| | - Masakazu Ibi
- Department of Pharmacology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
| | - Yoichi Ohshima
- Department of Pharmacology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
| | - Jia Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
| | - Junjie Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
| | - Xiaopeng Wen
- Department of Pharmacology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
| | - Ashraf Taye
- Department of Pharmacology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
| | - Chunyuan Fan
- Dujiangyan City Medical Center, Dujiangyan Chengdu, 611830 Sichuan, China
| | - Masato Katsuyama
- Radioisotope Center, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
| | - Kumar Sharma
- Center for Renal Translational Medicine, Division of Nephrology-Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of California at San Diego and VA San Diego Healthcare System, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Chihiro Yabe-Nishimura
- Department of Pharmacology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan.
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35
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Coppo R, Amore A, Cirina P, Messina M, Basolo B, Segoloni G, Berthoux F, Boulahrouz R, Egido J, Alcazar R. Characteristics of IgA and macromolecular IgA in sera from IgA nephropathy transplanted patients with and without IgAN recurrence. Contrib Nephrol 2015; 111:85-92. [PMID: 7758351 DOI: 10.1159/000423881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- R Coppo
- Ospedale Infantile, Regina Margherita, Divisone di Nefrologia e Dialisi, Torino, Italy
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36
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Kurtz A, Jelkmann W, Pfeilschifter J, Bauer C. Erythropoietin production in cultures of rat renal mesangial cells. Contrib Nephrol 2015; 50:175-87. [PMID: 3026727 DOI: 10.1159/000412998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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37
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Affiliation(s)
- G Tesch
- Department of Nephrology, Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, Vic., Australia
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38
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Kashgarian M, Oshima S, Takeuchi A, Throckmorton D, Rasmussen H. The contribution of mesangial cell collagen synthesis to the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy. Contrib Nephrol 2015; 107:132-9. [PMID: 8004959 DOI: 10.1159/000422971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- M Kashgarian
- Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn
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Gómez-Guerrero C, González E, Hernando P, Ruiz-Ortega M, Egido J. Interaction of mesangial cells with IgA and IgG immune complexes: a possible mechanism of glomerular injury in IgA nephropathy. Contrib Nephrol 2015; 104:127-37. [PMID: 8391962 DOI: 10.1159/000422405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- C Gómez-Guerrero
- Renal Unit, Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma, Madrid, Spain
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Wiley KJ, Emancipator SN. Correlates between animal models and IgA nephropathy in patients: the virus-host interplay. Contrib Nephrol 2015; 111:162-8. [PMID: 7758337 DOI: 10.1159/000423892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
MESH Headings
- Administration, Intranasal
- Administration, Oral
- Animals
- Antibodies, Viral/biosynthesis
- Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid/immunology
- Cells, Cultured
- Disease Models, Animal
- Female
- Glomerular Mesangium/cytology
- Glomerular Mesangium/metabolism
- Glomerular Mesangium/virology
- Glomerulonephritis, IGA
- HN Protein/immunology
- Humans
- Immunization/methods
- Immunoglobulin A/biosynthesis
- Immunoglobulin A/blood
- Immunoglobulin G/biosynthesis
- Immunoglobulin G/blood
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Inbred DBA
- Mucous Membrane/immunology
- Mucous Membrane/virology
- Nephritis/immunology
- Nephritis/virology
- Parainfluenza Virus 1, Human/immunology
- Parainfluenza Virus 1, Human/pathogenicity
- Prostaglandins/metabolism
- Superoxides/metabolism
- Thromboxanes/biosynthesis
- Virulence
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Affiliation(s)
- K J Wiley
- Institute of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
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41
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Ochi S, Fujiwara Y, Yokoyama K, Fukunaga M, Shin S, Orita Y, Fukuhara Y, Ueda N, Kamada T. Signaling mechanism of platelet-derived growth factor in cultured rat mesangial cells. Contrib Nephrol 2015; 95:48-53. [PMID: 1666992 DOI: 10.1159/000420638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S Ochi
- First Department of Medicine, Osaka University Medical School, Japan
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42
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Gómez-Guerrero C, Alonso J, López-Armada MJ, Ruiz-Ortega M, Gómez-Garre D, Alcazar R, Gonzalez E, Egido J. Potential factors governing extracellular matrix production by mesangial cells: their relevance for the pathogenesis of IgA nephropathy. Contrib Nephrol 2015; 111:45-54. [PMID: 7758346 DOI: 10.1159/000423876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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Iehara N, Takeoka H, Tsuji H, Yamada Y, Kita T, Doi T. Advanced glycosylation end products modulate transcriptional regulations on mesangial cells. Contrib Nephrol 2015; 118:141-6. [PMID: 8744051 DOI: 10.1159/000425087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- N Iehara
- Department of Clinical Bioregulatory Science, Kyoto University, Japan
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45
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Zuckerman JE, Gale A, Wu P, Ma R, Davis ME. siRNA delivery to the glomerular mesangium using polycationic cyclodextrin nanoparticles containing siRNA. Nucleic Acid Ther 2015; 25:53-64. [PMID: 25734248 PMCID: PMC4376487 DOI: 10.1089/nat.2014.0505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2014] [Accepted: 01/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
There is an urgent need for new therapies that can halt or reverse the course of chronic kidney disease with minimal side-effect burden on the patient. Small interfering RNA (siRNA) nanoparticles are new therapeutic entities in clinical development that could be useful for chronic kidney disease treatment because they combine the tissue-specific targeting properties of nanoparticles with the gene-specific silencing effects of siRNA. Recent reports have emerged demonstrating that the kidney, specifically the glomerulus, is a readily accessible site for nanoparticle targeting. Here, we explore the hypothesis that intravenously administered polycationic cyclodextrin nanoparticles containing siRNA (siRNA/CDP-NPs) can be used for delivery of siRNA to the glomerular mesangium. We demonstrate that siRNA/CDP-NPs localize to the glomerular mesangium with limited deposition in other areas of the kidney after intravenous injection. Additionally, we report that both mouse and human mesangial cells rapidly internalize siRNA/CDP-NPs in vitro and that nanoparticle uptake can be enhanced by attaching the targeting ligands mannose or transferrin to the nanoparticle surface. Lastly, we show knockdown of mesangial enhanced green fluorescent protein expression in a reporter mouse strain following iv treatment with siRNA/CDP-NPs. Altogether, these data demonstrate the feasibility of mesangial targeting using intravenously administered siRNA/CDP-NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Aaron Gale
- Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California
| | - Peiwen Wu
- Department of Integrative Physiology and Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas
| | - Rong Ma
- Department of Integrative Physiology and Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas
| | - Mark E. Davis
- Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California
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46
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Liu H, Chen J, Zhang Y, Wang S, Zou W. [Clinicopathologic features of collagen III glomerulopathy]. Zhonghua Bing Li Xue Za Zhi 2014; 43:732-735. [PMID: 25582250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the clinicopathologic features of collagen III glomerulopathy and its cause, pathogenesis and prognosis. METHODS Five cases of collagen III glomerulopathy that collected from 2005 to 2014 were observed by renal biopsy. The morphologic characteristics were studied by light microscopy, immunofluorescence, immunohistochemical and electron microscopy. RESULTS The glomerular mesangium became expansion but no hypercellularity, basement membrane appeared thickened. The glomeruli showed collagen type III deposit by immunohistochemistry method, and collagen fibers increased by electron microscopy. The patients often show serious proteinuria, nephrotic syndrome and renal function damage. CONCLUSIONS Collagen III glomerulopathy is an idiopathic glomerular disease, characterized by massive accumulation of collagen type III within the glomerular mesangial areas and basement membrane. Collagen III glomerulopathy is extremely rare. The etiology and pathogenesis may relate to the abnormality of collagen III gene. There is no specific treatment for it and its prognosis is poor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haijing Liu
- Department of Pathology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jian Chen
- Department of Pathology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Shenglan Wang
- Department of Pathology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Wanzhong Zou
- Department of Pathology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China. E-mail:
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Terami N, Ogawa D, Tachibana H, Hatanaka T, Wada J, Nakatsuka A, Eguchi J, Horiguchi CS, Nishii N, Yamada H, Takei K, Makino H. Long-term treatment with the sodium glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor, dapagliflozin, ameliorates glucose homeostasis and diabetic nephropathy in db/db mice. PLoS One 2014; 9:e100777. [PMID: 24960177 PMCID: PMC4069074 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0100777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 236] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2013] [Accepted: 05/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Inhibition of sodium glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) has been reported as a new therapeutic strategy for treating diabetes. However, the effect of SGLT2 inhibitors on the kidney is unknown. In addition, whether SGLT2 inhibitors have an anti-inflammatory or antioxidative stress effect is still unclear. In this study, to resolve these issues, we evaluated the effects of the SGLT2 inhibitor, dapagliflozin, using a mouse model of type 2 diabetes and cultured proximal tubular epithelial (mProx24) cells. Male db/db mice were administered 0.1 or 1.0 mg/kg of dapagliflozin for 12 weeks. Body weight, blood pressure, blood glucose, hemoglobin A1c, albuminuria and creatinine clearance were measured. Mesangial matrix accumulation and interstitial fibrosis in the kidney and pancreatic β-cell mass were evaluated by histological analysis. Furthermore, gene expression of inflammatory mediators, such as osteopontin, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 and transforming growth factor-β, was evaluated by quantitative reverse transcriptase-PCR. In addition, oxidative stress was evaluated by dihydroethidium and NADPH oxidase 4 staining. Administration of 0.1 or 1.0 mg/kg of dapagliflozin ameliorated hyperglycemia, β-cell damage and albuminuria in db/db mice. Serum creatinine, creatinine clearance and blood pressure were not affected by administration of dapagliflozin, but glomerular mesangial expansion and interstitial fibrosis were suppressed in a dose-dependent manner. Dapagliflozin treatment markedly decreased macrophage infiltration and the gene expression of inflammation and oxidative stress in the kidney of db/db mice. Moreover, dapagliflozin suppressed the high-glucose-induced gene expression of inflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress in cultured mProx24 cells. These data suggest that dapagliflozin ameliorates diabetic nephropathy by improving hyperglycemia along with inhibiting inflammation and oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoto Terami
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Daisuke Ogawa
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
- Department of Diabetic Nephropathy, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Hiromi Tachibana
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Takashi Hatanaka
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Jun Wada
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Atsuko Nakatsuka
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Jun Eguchi
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Chikage Sato Horiguchi
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Naoko Nishii
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Yamada
- Department of Neurochemistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Kohji Takei
- Department of Neurochemistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Makino
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
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Maiguma M, Suzuki Y, Suzuki H, Okazaki K, Aizawa M, Muto M, Tomino Y. Dietary zinc is a key environmental modifier in the progression of IgA nephropathy. PLoS One 2014; 9:e90558. [PMID: 24587392 PMCID: PMC3938772 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0090558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2013] [Accepted: 01/31/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
IgA nephropathy (IgAN) shows diverse epidemiological characteristics, resulting from both genetic and acquired (e.g., environmental) causes. Environmental factors, such as diet or exposure to exogenous antigens, may prescribe the progression or prognosis of IgAN. It remains unclear as to how diet and infection influence susceptibility to IgAN. A relationship, such as Toll-like receptors (TLRs), especially TLR9 and TLR4, was demonstrated between IgAN and pathogen-recognition molecules. Recently, zinc (Zn) was discovered to be involved in various immune-related diseases, affecting B, T, and dendritic cells (DCs). This study investigates the relationship between dietary Zn and IgAN development in IgAN-prone mice. Seven-week-old IgAN-prone mice were divided into low, normal, and high Zn diet groups. To assess exogenous pathogen-mediated immune responses, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was nasally administered. The activity of IgAN was biochemically and pathologically evaluated during the disease course. We also examined in vitro IgA production in spleen cells or in combinations of cocultured B, T, and DCs under various Zn conditions with or without LPS. Dietary conditioning with Zn affected serum immunoglobulins and urinary albumin levels, and mesangial deposition of IgA and IgG. Zn deficiency is associated with IgAN progression through the activation of the TLR4/TIR-domain-containing adapter-inducing interferon-β (TRIF), but not the TLR9, in DCs. Zn supplementation prevented disease aggravation. Our findings indicate that immune conditioning with dietary Zn alters nephritogenic IgA production after mucosal infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masayuki Maiguma
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yusuke Suzuki
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Suzuki
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keiko Okazaki
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masashi Aizawa
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masahiro Muto
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasuhiko Tomino
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- * E-mail:
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Abstract
Collagenofibrotic glomerulopathy is a rare glomerular disease characterized by the massive deposition of type III collagen in mesangial and subendothelial spaces. We observed markedly increased serum hyaluronan levels in patients with collagenofibrotic glomerulopathy; levels in three patients were more than 1,000-times greater than the normal upper limit. However, one kidney transplant patient had normal serum hyaluronan levels. We found that serum levels and activities of the enzyme hyaluronidase were normal, and hyaluronan was not markedly deposited in the mesangial or subendothelial spaces. Our findings suggest that serum hyaluronan levels may be a specific diagnostic marker of collagenofibrotic glomerulopathy, and kidney transplantation may alleviate marked increases in serum hyaluronan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunsuke Goto
- Division of Nephrology and Kidney Center, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
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Zhang C, Meng Y, Liu Q, Xuan M, Zhang L, Deng B, Zhang K, Liu Z, Lei T. Injury to the endothelial surface layer induces glomerular hyperfiltration rats with early-stage diabetes. J Diabetes Res 2014; 2014:953740. [PMID: 24812636 PMCID: PMC4000657 DOI: 10.1155/2014/953740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2014] [Accepted: 03/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Glomerular endothelial surface layer (ESL) may play a role in the mechanisms of albuminuria in diabetic nephropathy, which lack evidence in vivo. The effects of high glucose on the passage of albumin across the glomerular ESL were analysed in streptozotocin-induced diabetic Sprague-Dawley rats for 4 weeks. Albuminuria and glomerular mesangial matrix were significantly increased in diabetic rats. The passage of albumin across the ESL, as measured by albumin-colloid gold particle density in the glomerular basement membrane (GBM), was increased significantly in diabetic rats. The thickness of the glomerular ESL, examined indirectly by infusing Intralipid into vessels using an electron microscope, was significantly decreased and the GBM exhibited little change in diabetic rats. In summary, the glomerular ESL may play a role in the pathogenesis of albuminuria in rats with early-stage diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyang Zhang
- Division of Endocrinology, Shanghai Tongji Hospital Affiliated Tongji University, No. 389, Xincun Road, Shanghai 200065, China
| | - Yao Meng
- Division of Endocrinology, Shanghai Tongji Hospital Affiliated Tongji University, No. 389, Xincun Road, Shanghai 200065, China
- Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Qi Liu
- Division of Endocrinology, Shanghai Tongji Hospital Affiliated Tongji University, No. 389, Xincun Road, Shanghai 200065, China
| | - Miao Xuan
- Division of Endocrinology, Shanghai Tongji Hospital Affiliated Tongji University, No. 389, Xincun Road, Shanghai 200065, China
| | - Lanyu Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200041, China
| | - Bo Deng
- Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Keqin Zhang
- Division of Endocrinology, Shanghai Tongji Hospital Affiliated Tongji University, No. 389, Xincun Road, Shanghai 200065, China
| | - Zhimin Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200041, China
| | - Tao Lei
- Division of Endocrinology, Shanghai Tongji Hospital Affiliated Tongji University, No. 389, Xincun Road, Shanghai 200065, China
- *Tao Lei:
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