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Xiao YH, He XY, Han Q, Yang F, Zhou SX. Atorvastatin prevents glomerular extracellular matrix formation by interfering with the PKC signaling pathway. Mol Med Rep 2018; 17:6441-6448. [PMID: 29532876 PMCID: PMC5928626 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.8724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2017] [Accepted: 01/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Platelet-activating factor (PAF) promotes glomerular extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition, primarily through activation of the protein kinase C (PKC) pathway. The present study was designed to investigate whether atorvastatin, which mediates a protective effect against glomerular ECM deposition and diabetic neuropathy, may interfere with the PKC‑transforming growth factor‑β1 (TGF‑β1) pathway in a model of human mesangial cells (HMCs) exposed to a high glucose (HG) and lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) environment. HMCs were divided into three treatment groups: Control, high glucose and lysophosphatidylcholine (HG+LPC), and HG+LPC+atorvastatin. Cells were cultured for 24 h. The levels of the ECM‑associated molecules collagen IV (Col IV) and fibronectin (Fn) in the supernatant were detected using an ELISA kit. PKC‑β1, TGF‑β1 and PAF‑receptor gene expression was detected by reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction. PKC‑β1 and TGF‑β1 protein expression was detected by western blotting, and the subcellular localization of PKC‑β1 was assessed using immunofluorescence. The results indicated that atorvastatin may reduce the secretion of ECM components (Fn and Col IV) in HMCs in a HG and LPC environment, by inhibiting the increase in PAF secretion and the activation of the PKC‑TGF‑β1 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Hua Xiao
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi 541001, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Yun He
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi 541001, P.R. China
- Department of Endocrinology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, P.R. China
| | - Qing Han
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi 541001, P.R. China
| | - Fan Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi 541001, P.R. China
| | - Su-Xian Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi 541001, P.R. China
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Zhou SX, Huo DM, He XY, Yu P, Xiao YH, Ou CL, Jiang RM, Li D, Li H. High glucose/lysophosphatidylcholine levels stimulate extracellular matrix deposition in diabetic nephropathy via platelet‑activating factor receptor. Mol Med Rep 2017; 17:2366-2372. [PMID: 29207067 PMCID: PMC5783481 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.8102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2016] [Accepted: 05/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Platelet-activating factor (PAF), protein kinase C (PKC)βI, transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 and aberrant extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition have been associated with diabetic nephropathy (DN). However, the mechanistic basis underlying this association remains to be elucidated. The present study investigated the association among the aforementioned factors in a DN model consisting of human mesangial cells (HMCs) exposed to high glucose (HG) and lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) treatments. HMCs were divided into the following treatment groups: Control; PAF; PAF+PKCβI inhibitor LY333531; HG + LPC; PAF + HG + LPC; and PAF + HG + LPC + LY333531. Cells were cultured for 24 h, and PKCβI and TGF-β1 expression was determined using the reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blotting. The expression levels of the ECM-associated molecules collagen IV and fibronectin in the supernatant were detected using ELISA analysis. Subcellular localization of PKCβI was assessed using immunocytochemistry. PKCβI and TGF-β1 expression was increased in the PAF + HG + LPC group compared with the other groups (P<0.05); however, this effect was abolished in the presence of LY333531 (P<0.05). Supernatant fibronectin and collagen IV levels were increased in the PAF + HG + LPC group compared with the others (P<0.05); this was reversed by treatment with LY333531 (P<0.05). In cells treated with PAF, HG and LPC, PKCβI was translocated from the cytosol to the nucleus, an effect which was blocked when PKCβI expression was inhibited (P<0.05). The findings of the present study demonstrated that PAF stimulated ECM deposition in HMCs via activation of the PKC-TGF-β1 axis in a DN model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su-Xian Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi 541001, P.R. China
| | - Dong-Mei Huo
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530000, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Yun He
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi 541001, P.R. China
| | - Ping Yu
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi 541001, P.R. China
| | - Yan-Hua Xiao
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi 541001, P.R. China
| | - Chun-Lin Ou
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, P.R. China
| | - Ren-Mei Jiang
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi 541001, P.R. China
| | - Dan Li
- Heibei Software Institute, Baoding, Hebei 071000, P.R. China
| | - Hao Li
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi 541001, P.R. China
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Chong Tou TJ, Liu PM, Wang JF, Sio Cham ZC, O U YF, Lei Sio ZW, Lei Put PZ, Lei Sok SM, Zhou SX, Wu W. [Impact of novel P2Y12 receptor inhibitors on platelet reactivity in acute coronary syndrome patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention]. Zhonghua Xin Xue Guan Bing Za Zhi 2016; 44:138-43. [PMID: 26926507 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-3758.2016.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the impact of novel P2Y(12) receptor inhibitors including prasugrel or ticagrelor on platelet reactivity in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) receiving percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), and provide clinical data for novel oral P2Y(12) receptor inhibitors use among Chinese patients. METHODS Between October 2011 to February 2014, 174 consecutive patients (135 males; (67.8±11.8) years old) with ACS undergoing PCI in Kiang Wu Hospital, Macau were prospectively enrolled in this study. Oral aspirin and one P2Y(12) receptor inhibitor were administered for 5 days or above after PCI, patients were divided into clopidogrel, prasugrel and ticagrelor groups in accordance with the agent administered. Platelet reactivity of the patients was detected by VerifyNow P2Y(12) reaction unit (PRU); and the high on-treatment platelet reactivity (HPR) and non-HPR were defined as PRU≥208 and PRU<208 respectively. Patients with HPR during clopidogrel therapy were switched either to prasugrel or ticagrelor, or continued the same treatment; and then the platelet reactivity was monitored again. RESULTS There were 113 clopidogrel cases (64.9%), 20 prasugrel cases (11.5%) and 41 ticagrelor cases (23.6%). Fifty-seven cases (32.8%) were defined as HPR post P2Y(12) receptor inhibitor use, in which 55 cases (55/113, 48.7%) were treated with clopidogrel. The degree of inhibition of platelet reactivity was significantly different in patients on clopidogrel, prasugrel and ticagrelor therapy, percent inhibition assayed by the VerifyNow P2Y(12) system was 28.2%±23.5%, 61.4%±26.7% and 81.3%±19.8% respectively (P<0.05). Different degree of platelet reactivity was achieved by the 3 P2Y(12) receptor inhibitors at multiple time points. The among-group differences in platelet reactivity became apparent at the early treatment stage (P<0.05). Platelet aggregation decreased significantly in patients switched from clopidogrel to prasugrel or ticagrelor (P<0.05). CONCLUSION Novel oral P2Y(12) receptor inhibitors are more effective in inhibiting platelet reactivity in ACS patients, and our results show that novel oral P2Y(12) receptor inhibitors provide a new option for ACS patients with HPR post clopidogrel or high-risk features of ischemic complications, including stent thrombosis and post-PCI ischemic events.
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Affiliation(s)
- T J Chong Tou
- Department of Cardiology, Kiang Wu Hospital, Macau 999078, China
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Wang LH, Zhou SX, Li RC, Zheng LR, Zhu JH, Hu SJ, Sun YL. Serum Levels of Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide and Substance P are Decreased in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus and Coronary Artery Disease. J Int Med Res 2012; 40:134-40. [PMID: 22429353 DOI: 10.1177/147323001204000114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: This study evaluated serum levels of the neuropeptides calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) and substance P (SP) in coronary artery disease (CAD) patients with and without a history of diabetes mellitus (DM). METHODS: Patients undergoing coronary angiography for suspected myocardial ischaemia were divided into four groups depending on their clinical status: control group (no CAD or DM; n = 44), DM group (DM without CAD; n = 46), CAD group (stable CAD without DM; n = 44) and DM + CAD group (stable CAD with DM; n = 50). Serum levels of CGRP and SP were determined using radioimmunoassays. RESULTS: CGRP and SP levels in the DM and CAD groups were significantly lower than in the control group. The lowest levels of CGRP and SP were observed in the DM + CAD group. There were no significant differences in CGRP and SP levels between the DM group and the CAD group. CONCLUSION: CGRP and SP may have a role in the pathogenesis of CAD in patients with diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- LH Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - SX Zhou
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - RC Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Yuhang District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - LR Zheng
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - JH Zhu
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - SJ Hu
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - YL Sun
- Department of Respiratory Sciences, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Tsang TE, Khoo PL, Jamieson RV, Zhou SX, Ang SL, Behringer R, Tam PP. The allocation and differentiation of mouse primordial germ cells. Int J Dev Biol 2002; 45:549-55. [PMID: 11417898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2023]
Abstract
Analysis of the lineage potency of epiblast cells of the early-streak stage mouse embryo reveals that the developmental fate of the cells is determined by their position in the germ layer. Epiblast cells that are fated to become neuroectoderm can give rise to primordial germ cells (PGCs) and other types of somatic cells when they were transplanted to the proximal region of the epiblast. On the contrary, proximal epiblast cells transplanted to the distal region of the embryo do not form PGCs. Therefore, the germ line in the mouse is unlikely to be derived from a predetermined progenitor population, but may be specified as a result of tissue interactions that take place in the proximal epiblast of the mouse gastrula. The initial phase of the establishment of the PGC population requires, in addition to BMP activity emanating from the extraembryonic ectoderm, normal Lim1 and Hnf3beta activity in the germ layers. The entire PGC population is derived from a finite number of progenitor cells and there is no further cellular recruitment to the germ line after gastrulation. The XX PGCs undergo X-inactivation at the onset of migration from the gut endoderm and re-activate the silenced X-chromosome when they enter the urogenital ridge. Germ cells that are localised ectopically in extragonadal sites do not re-activate the X-chromosome, even when nearly all germ cells in the fetal ovary have restored full activity of both X-chromosomes. XXSxr germ cells can re-activate the X-chromosome in the sex-reversed testis, suggesting that the regulation of X-chromosome activity is independent of ovarian morphogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- T E Tsang
- Embryology Unit, Children's Medical Research Institute, University of Sydney, Westmead, Australia
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6
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Qiu H, Tan Y, Zhou S, Guo F, Dai J. Crit Care 2002; 6:P12. [DOI: 10.1186/cc1574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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7
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Tan Y, Qiu H, Zhou S, Yang Y, Liu S, Zheng R, Huang Y, Guo F. Crit Care 2002; 6:P11. [DOI: 10.1186/cc1563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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8
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Qiu H, Yang Y, Zhou S, Huang Y, Zheng R. Crit Care 2002; 6:P129. [DOI: 10.1186/cc1584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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9
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Qiu HB, Yang Y, Zhou SX, Liu SH, Zheng RQ. Prognostic value of dobutamine stress test in patients with septic shock. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2001; 22:71-5. [PMID: 11730566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the prognostic effect of dobutamine stress test in patients with septic shock. METHODS Patients with septic shock received intravenous infusion of dobutamine at 10 microg . kg-1 . min-1 for 1 h. Hemodynamics and oxygen metabolism was observed. A patient who was able to increase oxygen consumption index (VO2) by >15 % was designated as a responder to the test. RESULTS In 47 patients with septic shock, twenty one responders and twenty six nonresponders were identified, and mortality was 33.3 % and 76.9 % respectively. After the dobutamine infusion, the responders showed increases in cardiac index (18.1 %), oxygen delivery index (12.7 %), VO2 (38.6 %), and oxygen extraction ratio (18.0 %), and reductions in systemic vascular resistance index (18.5 %). The nonresponders demonstrated increases in cardiac index (11.5 %), but no change in oxygen delivery, VO2, and oxygen extraction ratio. CONCLUSION Dobutamine stress test might be a good predictor of outcome in patients with septic shock.
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Affiliation(s)
- H B Qiu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhong Da Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China.
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10
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Qiu HB, Yang Y, Zhou SX. Effects of tripcholorolide on inflammatory reaction of mouse alveolar macrophages in vitro. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2000; 21:1197-201. [PMID: 11603300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To observe the effects of tripcholorolide (T4) on inflammatory reaction of mouse alveolar macrophages. METHODS RT-PCR was used to investigate tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta), IL-6, IL-10, and inducible nitric-oxide synthase (iNOS) mRNA expression in alveolar macrophages after LPS 10 mg/L and T4 500 micrograms/L treatment. ELISA was used to detect TNF alpha, IL-1 beta, IL-6, and IL-10 protein expression. Nitrite was measured by Griess reaction. RESULTS TNF alpha, IL-1 beta, IL-6, IL-10, and nitrite increased in supernatants, when alveolar macrophages were stimulated by LPS 10 mg/L at 24 h. Both T4 500 micrograms/L and dexamethasone 100 mumol/L had inhibitory effects on the production of TNF alpha, IL-1 beta, IL-6, IL-10, and nitric oxide. The mRNA expression of TNF alpha, IL-6, IL-10, and iNOS increased at 5 h after LPS stimulation which was decreased on addition of T4 500 micrograms/L or dexamethasone 100 mumol/L. T4 had no effect on stability of LPS-induced mRNA expression in TNF alpha, IL-6, and IL-10. CONCLUSION T4 had inhibitory effects on the expression of proinflammatory and antiinflammatory mediators.
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Affiliation(s)
- H B Qiu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhong-Da Hospital of Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China.
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Zhang CJ, Li HZ, Zhou SX, Yang J, Huang QY. Expression of vascular endothelial growth factor during the early stage of maxillofacial blast injury. Chin J Dent Res 2000; 3:40-3. [PMID: 11314086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the expression and the change of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and its acceptor KDR during the early stage of maxillofacial blast injury. To evaluate the effect of VEGF on traumatic wound healing. METHODS The rabbit model of maxillofacial blast injury was made by KTY-04 blasting cap. The expression of VEGF and KDR in wound tissue was determined by ABC immunohistochemistry of 6 hours, 1 day, 2 days, 3 days, 5 days, and 7 days after injury. The results were compared with preinjury groups. RESULTS In the wound tissue of the maxillofacial blast injury, the expression of VEGF rose steadily during the first week after the injury. Compared with normal tissue, the wound tissue showed differences by the first day after injury, and showed significant differences by the third day (P < 0.01). The differences reached a peak at the seventh day after injury. The expression of KDR showed no difference within 3 days after injury when compared to normal tissue. Between 5 and 7 days after injury, the protein was more strongly expressed. CONCLUSION The stage of the VEGF expression at the maxillofacial blast injury site is similar to the angiopoietic stage during would healing, and KDR expression also occurs during that period. VEGF takes part in angiogenic cascades of traumatic wound healing and is produced as an auxiliary action to the regeneration of blood vessels.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Blast Injuries/genetics
- Blast Injuries/metabolism
- Blast Injuries/pathology
- Connective Tissue/metabolism
- Connective Tissue/pathology
- Disease Models, Animal
- Endothelial Growth Factors/analysis
- Endothelial Growth Factors/genetics
- Endothelium, Vascular/metabolism
- Endothelium, Vascular/pathology
- Epithelium/metabolism
- Epithelium/pathology
- Follow-Up Studies
- Gene Expression
- Image Processing, Computer-Assisted
- Immunoenzyme Techniques
- Immunohistochemistry
- Lymphokines/analysis
- Lymphokines/genetics
- Maxillofacial Injuries/genetics
- Maxillofacial Injuries/metabolism
- Maxillofacial Injuries/pathology
- Neovascularization, Physiologic/genetics
- Protein Isoforms/analysis
- Protein Isoforms/genetics
- Rabbits
- Random Allocation
- Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/analysis
- Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/genetics
- Receptors, Growth Factor/analysis
- Receptors, Growth Factor/genetics
- Receptors, Mitogen/analysis
- Receptors, Mitogen/genetics
- Receptors, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor
- Regeneration/genetics
- Soft Tissue Injuries/genetics
- Soft Tissue Injuries/metabolism
- Soft Tissue Injuries/pathology
- Statistics as Topic
- Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A
- Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors
- Wound Healing/physiology
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Affiliation(s)
- C J Zhang
- Department of Stomatology (DS), Southwest Hospital (SH), Third Military Medical University (TMMU), Chongqing City, P. R. China
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Affiliation(s)
- P A Trainor
- National Institute for Medical Research, London, UK
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Jamieson RV, Zhou SX, Wheatley SC, Koopman P, Tam PP. Sertoli cell differentiation and Y-chromosome activity: a developmental study of X-linked transgene activity in sex-reversed X/XSxra mouse embryos. Dev Biol 1998; 199:235-44. [PMID: 9698443 DOI: 10.1006/dbio.1998.8925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The requirement of Y-chromosome activity for the differentiation of somatic cells and germ cells was studied in the fetal gonads of X/XSxra mouse embryos where the activity of the Sxra fragment of the Y chromosome is influenced by the inactivation and reactivation of the X chromosome. In the interstitial somatic cells, random inactivation of the X and the XSxra chromosomes took place which was revealed by the mosaic expression of an X-linked lacZ transgene. The Sertoli cells, however, displayed a preferentially active XSxra chromosome and the presence of Sxra-active Sertoli cells was associated with the morphogenesis of testicular tubules in the sex-reversed gonads. The activity of the Y-chromosome fragment is therefore necessary for the differentiation of the Sertoli cells which may direct the development of the testis. The expression pattern of the X-linked transgene in X/XSxra germ cells suggests that both the X and the XSxra chromosomes are active. This finding suggests that the presence of Sxra has no impact on the reactivation of the X chromosome in the germ cells and that the X chromosome can be reactivated even though the germ cells are found in the testicular environment. Our results are consistent with the concept that the activity of genes on the XSxra fragment is essential for the differentiation of Sertoli cells and the morphogenesis of the testis, but not for premeiotic differentiation of germ cells in sex-reversed mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- R V Jamieson
- Embryology Unit, Children's Medical Research Institute, Wentworthville, New South Wales, Australia
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14
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Zhou SX, Zhang XM, Wu W, Chen XC. Effects of amiodarone on cardiac electrophysiology in right ventricular rapid pacing-induced heart failure dogs. Zhongguo Yao Li Xue Bao 1998; 19:363-8. [PMID: 10375786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
AIM To study the effects of amiodarone (Ami) on cardiac electrophysiologic properties and ventricular fibrillation threshold (VFT) in right ventricular rapid pacing-induced congestive heart failure (CHF) dogs. METHODS Dogs (n = 25) were randomly allocated into 3 groups: A) control group; B) CHF group induced by right ventricular rapid pacing (4 pulses.s-1) for 4-5 wk; C) CHF models p Ami 300 mg.d-1 for 4-5 wk. The electrophysiologic parameters and VFT were evaluated by electric stimulation and monophasic action potential (MAP) recording. RESULTS In CHF models, ventricular MAP duration (MAPD90), ventricular late repolarization duration (VLRD), and intra-ventricular conduction time (IVCT) were prolonged by 43%, 318%, and 19%, respectively; the ratio of ventricular effective refractory period (VERP) to MAPD90 (VERP/ MAPD90) and VFT were decreased by 13% and 48% respectively; the dispersion of ventricular recovery time (RT-D) was increased by 185%. In CHF models, Ami had no effects on ventricular MAPD90, but increased VERP/ MAPD90, IVCT, and VFT by 15%, 10%, and 67%, respectively, shortened VLRD by 87%; and decreased RT-D by 87%. Ami had no significant influences on the hemodynamic parameters of the CHF dogs. CONCLUSION Ami normalizes the cardiac electrophysiologic properties in CHF dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- S X Zhou
- Department of Internal Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China.
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Tam PP, Steiner KA, Zhou SX, Quinlan GA. Lineage and functional analyses of the mouse organizer. Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol 1998; 62:135-44. [PMID: 9598345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- P P Tam
- Embryology Unit, Children's Medical Research Institute, Wentworthville, NSW, Australia
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Jamieson RV, Zhou SX, Tan SS, Tam PP. X-chromosome inactivation during the development of the male urogenital ridge of the mouse. Int J Dev Biol 1997; 41:49-55. [PMID: 9074937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
In the mouse, the activity of Sry (sex-determining gene on the Y chromosome) initiates the transformation of the indifferent gonad into a testis. In humans, a partial Xp21 duplication leads to the development of ovaries instead of testes in XY individuals. This observation indicates that sex determination might also be influenced by a gene-dosage compensation mechanism, in addition to a dominant action of the Sry gene. In female mammals, the regulation of X-linked gene dosage at early embryogenesis is achieved through the inactivation of one of the two X chromosomes. Here we have investigated the possibility that inactivation of the X chromosome may play a role in male sex determination. We have shown, using an X-linked lacZ transgenic mouse line, that loss of beta-galactosidase activity occurs in certain somatic cells of the developing male urogenital ridge. When changes associated with apoptosis of mesonephric tubules in the developing urogenital ridges are taken into account, expression of the Xist (X inactive specific transcript) gene correlates with X inactivation revealed by loss of beta-galactosidase activity in very early mesonephric tubule epithelial cells, gonadal interstitial mesenchymal cells and coelomic epithelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- R V Jamieson
- Embryology Unit, Children's Medical Research Institute, Wentworthville, Australia
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17
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Wu WH, Zhou SX, Chen XY. [Implementation of the system of job responsibility for head nurses]. Zhonghua Hu Li Za Zhi 1997; 32:29-30. [PMID: 9304958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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18
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Wang YL, Zhou SX, Wu WH. [Feasibility study of using the improved PRN in clinical nursing care (Project of Research in Nursing)]. Zhonghua Hu Li Za Zhi 1996; 31:706-8. [PMID: 9304942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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Ma JH, Zhou SX, Gou LF. [Result and strategy of nurses' shortages]. Zhonghua Hu Li Za Zhi 1996; 31:524-6. [PMID: 9295523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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Tam PP, Zhou SX. The allocation of epiblast cells to ectodermal and germ-line lineages is influenced by the position of the cells in the gastrulating mouse embryo. Dev Biol 1996; 178:124-32. [PMID: 8812114 DOI: 10.1006/dbio.1996.0203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 283] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The developmental potency of cells in the proximal and distal regions of the epiblast of pre- and early-primitive-streak-stage mouse embryos was assessed by their differentiation in the host embryo following orthotopic and heterotopic cell transplantation. Normally, cells in the distal epiblast differentiate predominantly into neuroectoderm and surface ectoderm. However, when they were transplanted to proximal regions of the epiblast, distal epiblast cells behaved like proximal epiblast cells: they colonised the extraembryonic mesoderm and other mesodermal tissues in the posterior region of the host embryo. In addition, about 3.7% of the transplanted distal epiblast cells differentiated into primordial germ cells. This proportion is comparable to the 3.9% of orthotopically transplanted proximal epiblast cells that became primordial germ cells. When proximal epiblast cells were transplanted heterotopically to distal sites, their descendants were generally absent from the extraembryonic mesoderm and the germ cell population of the host embryo. Like cells in the distal epiblast, they mostly colonised the neural plate and surface ectoderm. This plasticity of cell fate suggests that the epiblast cells are not irreversibly allocated to any specific lineages, including the germ line. The adoption of developmental fate that is typical of the cell population at the site of transplantation suggests that the specification of cell lineages is subject to certain site-specific influences in the epiblast. Allocation of cells to the ectodermal and germ cell lineages may be subject to local tissue interactions and the restriction of morphogenetic tissue movement of different epiblast cell populations during gastrulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- P P Tam
- Embryology Unit, Children's Medical Research Institute, Wentworthville, New South Wales, Australia.
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Gu XM, Zhou SX, Liu BL. [Prospective study on the treatment of facial palsy with dynamic free muscle transplantation]. Zhonghua Kou Qiang Yi Xue Za Zhi 1994; 29:323-5, 383. [PMID: 7743871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
In this prospective study, patients were randomly divided into 3 groups according to 3 different operation procedures used to correct facial palsy with microneurovascular anastomosed muscle transplantation: In group 1, 9 patients accepted cross face transplantation of segmental latissimus dorsi muscle flap with super-long neurovascular pedicle, through upper labial tunnel, anastomosed in normal face (one stage method); In group 2, 7 patients accepted cross face nerve graft and secondary free muscle transplantation by neurovascular anastomoses in paralyzed face (two stage method); In group 3, 5 patients, free muscle transplantation by microneurovascular anastomosis in paralyzed face. The appreciation for the results was carried out in 16 patients who had been followed-up more than 1 year. In terms of functional recovery, the success rate ranged in excellent and good reached 93.8%. There were not significant differences among groups. The patients of less than 40-year-old got better results and the correlation between operative effects and both cause and course of disease could not be found. It was considered that the nerve regeneration speed and quality in one stage method were better than sural nerve graft with small saphenous vein anastomosis, because physiological blood supply was kept well along the nerve pedicle and regenerating nerve fibers need not pass through two suture sites. Patients satisfied the results after the swelling was gone because one stage method had the advantages of face lift and selective neurotomy at the same time. The course of treatment was shortened significantly as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- X M Gu
- Stomatological College Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an
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Abstract
We have determined the timing of the inactivation and reactivation of the X chromosome in the mouse primordial germ cells (PGCs) by monitoring the expression of an X-linked HMG-lacZ reporter gene. PGCs were identified by their distinct alkaline phosphatase activity and they were first localised in the primitive streak and allantoic bud of the 7.5-day gastrulating embryo. Although inactivation of the transgene was found in some PGCs at these sites, at least 85% of the population were still expressing the lacZ gene. This suggests that, although X-inactivation has commenced during gastrulation, the majority of PGCs still possess two active X chromosomes. Transgene activity remained unchanged during the relocation of PGCs to the hindgut endoderm, but decreased abruptly when PGCs left the hindgut and migrated through the mesentery. X-inactivation was completed during the migration of PGCs, but not simultaneously for the whole population. The first wave of PGCs entering the genital ridge at 9.5 days did not immediately re-activate the silent transgene until about 24 hours later. Re-activation of the transgene took place in over 80% of PGCs entering the genital ridge at 10.5-13.5 days p.c., preceding the entry into meiosis. About 90% of the meiotic germ cells in the 14.5-15.5 day fetal ovary expressed the transgene. Similar profiles of transgene activity were observed in PGCs of embryos that have inherited the lacZ transgene from different parents, showing unequivocally that X-inactivation in the germ cell lineage is not related to parental legacy.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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Affiliation(s)
- P P Tam
- Embryology Unit, Children's Medical Research Institute, Wentworthville, NSW, Australia
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Ye YC, Chen QM, Jin KP, Zhou SX, Chai FL, Hai P. [Effect of salidroside on cultured myocardial cells anoxia/reoxygenation injuries]. Zhongguo Yao Li Xue Bao 1993; 14:424-6. [PMID: 8010032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The effects of salidroside (p-hydroxyphenethyl glucoside, Sal, first isolated and synthesized in China) on reoxygenation damages were studied on cultured myocytes from neonatal rat hearts. At least 80% of cells in the form of monolayer contracted spontaneously on cultured 72 h, then the cells were used in the contractility experiment. After anoxia 3 h and reoxygenation for 1 h the beating of myocardial cells was slowed down and the lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) liberated by myocardial cells was increased. Electron microscopy of myocardial cells revealed localized defects of cell membrane, dilatation of endoplasmic reticulum, and swelling of mitochondria. One h before anoxia, addition of Sal 10 and 30 micrograms.ml-1 increased the beat rate of myocardial cells, depressed the release LDH of from myocytes, and the myocardial ultrastructure was normal during anoxia and reoxygenation. Hence Sal may provide some protective effects on the anoxia/reoxygenation damages upon myocardium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y C Ye
- Qinghai Institute of Plateau Medical Science, Xining, China
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Tan YH, Liu YQ, Zhou SX, Jiang HT, Zhang XF, Ya ZM, Liu YQ, Lai XN. [Indirect testimony of stress conduction from mandible to skull in maxillofacial trauma: morphological changes of temporomandibular joint disc]. Shanghai Kou Qiang Yi Xue 1993; 2:25-7. [PMID: 15159877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
There were cerebral injuries accompanied in maxillofacial high velocity projectile wound.Owing to the special anatomic relationship between skull and facial bones,the stress conduction of bone was an important factor of cerebral injury in maxillofacial wound.In this experiment,the canine mandibular regions were wounded by steel spheres,which weight 1.03g,impacting velocity at 1400m/s,to produce severely maxillofacial firearm wounds.The morphological and pathological changes of temporomandibular joint disc of wounded side were observed with light and electron microscopes.The microscopic injuries of disc,including arrangement disorder of figre,spotty edema and some fibrous dissolution,etc,were found.These results have provided an indirect evidence of injurous mechanism of the cerebral injury accompaning maxillofacial high enery misslle wound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y H Tan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Xinqiao Hospital,The Third Military Medical College. Chongqing 630037, China
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Peng JP, Zhou SX, Shen XC. Faraday rotation in quasi-two-dimensional electron systems in the quantized Hall regime. Phys Rev B Condens Matter 1991; 44:4021-4023. [PMID: 10000039 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.44.4021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Tan YH, Zhou SX, Liu YQ, Liu BL, Li ZY. Small-vessel pathology and anastomosis following maxillofacial firearm wounds: an experimental study. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 1991; 49:348-52. [PMID: 2005491 DOI: 10.1016/0278-2391(91)90368-v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
This experiment was designed to provide a biological basis for early reconstruction of maxillofacial defects caused by firearms using free vascularized flap transfer. The pathologic changes of small-vessel injury, injury mechanism, and the feasibility for early anastomosis of these vessels in the maxillofacial region following high-velocity missile wounds were studied. Dogs' faces were wounded by a steel sphere, weighing 0.7 g and 1.03 g, with an initial velocity of 1,300 m/s or 1,500 m/s. Angiography and high-speed x-ray photography were used to record the effect of injury to blood vessels and other tissues. The pathologic changes in the small blood vessels in the wounds were studied by light microscopy (LM) and electron microscopy (EM). Anastomosis of small vessels in the wound was performed at different times after injury. There were temporary cavity effects and small vascular injury in the wounds. The pathologic changes of the small vessels included microthrombus formation, endothelial loss, breaks in the internal elastic layer, and necrosis. Degeneration of cells was found to end 3 cm from the wound edge. Anastomosis of the vessels performed 3 days after injury provided good short-term patency. These results suggest that the operation for repairing facial defects should be performed 3 days after injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y H Tan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Xinqiao Hospital, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
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Zhou SX. [Review of the treatment of 5247 cases of maxillofacial wounds]. Zhonghua Kou Qiang Yi Xue Za Zhi 1989; 24:243-5. [PMID: 2517102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Ye YC, Chen QM, Hai P, Chai FL, Zhou SX. [Effect of d-hydrastine on the ultrastructure of experimental Echinococcus granulosus cyst in mice]. Zhongguo Yao Li Xue Bao 1989; 10:185-7. [PMID: 2816421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The ultrastructural changes in the germinal membranes of Echinococcus granulosus cysts treated with d-hydrastine (3.75 mg/(kg.d), ig) for 20 d were studied. Cysts from d-hydrastine treated mice were shown by transmission electron microscope to have dissolution of the microtriches, disturbance of organelles in their arrangement, dilatation and disruption of microtubules, increase in size and number of lysosomes, a decrease in number of Golgi complexes and lessening in density and swelling of mitochondria. Under scanning electron microscope, many pits arising from the outer and inner surfaces of the germinal membrane were observed. It seems that d-hydrastine has a profound intracellular effect on experimental Echinococcus granulosus cysts in mice, and that it may be a promising drug for treating hydatidosis.
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Zhou SX. [Treatment of 93 cases of firearm wounds (author's transl)]. Zhonghua Kou Qiang Ke Za Zhi 1981; 16:35-7. [PMID: 6943014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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