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Garrett AA, Bai S, Cascio S, Gupta N, Yang D, Buckanovich RJ. EGFL6 promotes endometrial cancer cell migration and proliferation. Gynecol Oncol 2024; 185:75-82. [PMID: 38368816 PMCID: PMC11179989 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2024.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE EGFL6, a growth factor produced by adipocytes, is upregulated in and implicated in the tumorigenesis of multiple tumor types. Given the strong link between obesity and endometrial cancer, we sought to determine the impact of EGFL6 on endometrial cancer. METHODS EGFL6 expression in endometrial cancer and correlation with patient outcomes was evaluated in the human protein atlas and TCGA. EGFL6 treatment, expression upregulation, and shRNA knockdown were used to evaluate the impact of EGFL6 on the proliferation and migration of 3 endometrial cancer cell lines in vitro. Similarly, the impact of EGFL6 expression and knockdown on tumor growth was evaluated. Western blotting was used to evaluate the impact of EGFL6 on MAPK phosphorylation. RESULTS EGFL6 is upregulated in endometrial cancer, primarily in cony-number high tumors. High tumor endometrial cancer expression of EGFL6 predicts poor patient prognosis. We find that EGFL6 acts to activate the MAPK pathway increasing cellular proliferation and migration. In xenograft models, EGFL6 overexpression increases endometrial cancer tumor growth while EGFL6 knockdown decreases endometrial cancer tumor growth. CONCLUSIONS EGFL6 is a marker of poor prognosis endometrial cancers, driving cancer cell proliferation and growth. As such EGFL6 represents a potential therapeutic target in endometrial cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alison A Garrett
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center and the Magee-Womens Research Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Shoumei Bai
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center and the Magee-Womens Research Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Sandra Cascio
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center and the Magee-Womens Research Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Navneet Gupta
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center and the Magee-Womens Research Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Dongli Yang
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center and the Magee-Womens Research Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Ronald J Buckanovich
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center and the Magee-Womens Research Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
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Transcriptome Analyses of Adipose Tissue Samples Identify EGFL6 as a Candidate Gene Involved in Obesity-Related Adipose Tissue Dysfunction in Children. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23084349. [PMID: 35457174 PMCID: PMC9033114 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23084349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity develops early in childhood and is accompanied by early signs of adipose tissue (AT) dysfunction and metabolic disease in children. In order to analyse the molecular processes during obesity-related AT accumulation in children, we investigated genome-wide expression profiles in AT samples, isolated adipocytes, and stromal vascular fraction (SVF) cells and assessed their relation to obesity as well as biological and functional AT parameters. We detected alterations in gene expression associated with obesity and related parameters, i.e., BMI SDS, adipocyte size, macrophage infiltration, adiponectin, and/or leptin. While differential gene expression in AT and adipocytes shared an enrichment in metabolic pathways and pathways related to extracellular structural organisation, SVF cells showed an overrepresentation in inflammatory pathways. In adipocytes, we found the strongest positive association for epidermal growth factor-like protein 6 (EGFL6) with adipocyte hypertrophy. EGFL6 was also upregulated during in vitro adipocyte differentiation. In children, EGFL6 expression was positively correlated to parameters of AT dysfunction and metabolic disease such as macrophage infiltration into AT, hs-CRP, leptin levels, and HOMA-IR. In conclusion, we provide evidence for early alterations in AT gene expression related to AT dysfunction in children and identified EGFL6 as potentially being involved in processes underlying the pathogenesis of metabolic disease.
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Liu H, Wang X. Epidermal growth factor-like domain protein 6 recombinant protein facilitates osteogenic differentiation in adipose stem cells via bone morphogenetic protein 2/recombinant mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 4 signaling pathway. Bioengineered 2022; 13:6558-6566. [PMID: 35220882 PMCID: PMC8973715 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2022.2037380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs) are a class of pluripotent stem cells isolated from the adipose tissue; they can differentiate into osteoblasts after induction and play an important role in bone repair. EGFL6 protein is secreted by adipocytes and osteoblasts and can promote endothelial cell migration and angiogenesis. This study aimed to explore the effect of recombinant EGFL6 protein on the osteogenic differentiation of ADSCs. The cells were incubated with fluorescein isothiocyanate-conjugated antibodies and analyzed by flow cytometry. Alizarin red staining and alkaline phosphatase staining were used to detect the osteogenic differentiation ability. mRNA expression was analyzed by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). Protein expression was determined using Western blotting. The osteogenic differentiation ability of ADSCs isolated from the adipose tissue was significantly weakened after EGFL6 knockdown; this ability was restored upon the addition of EGFL6 recombinant protein. BMP2 knockdown inhibited the effect of EGFL6 recombinant protein on osteogenic differentiation. EGFL6 recombinant protein promoted osteogenic differentiation of ADSCs through the BMP2/SMAD4 signaling pathway. This may provide a potential target for the osteogenic differentiation of ADSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hairun Liu
- Department of Tissue Engineering, School of Intelligent Medicine, China Medical University (CMU), Shenyang, China
- The Third Department of Orthopeadics, Jinzhou Central Hospital, Jinzhou, China
| | - Xiaohong Wang
- Department of Tissue Engineering, School of Intelligent Medicine, China Medical University (CMU), Shenyang, China
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Maternal high-fat diet programs white and brown adipose tissue lipidome and transcriptome in offspring in a sex- and tissue-dependent manner in mice. Int J Obes (Lond) 2022; 46:831-842. [PMID: 34997206 PMCID: PMC8960419 DOI: 10.1038/s41366-021-01060-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Objective The prevalence of overweight and obesity among children has drastically increased during the last decades and maternal obesity has been demonstrated as one of the ultimate factors. Nutrition-stimulated transgenerational regulation of key metabolic genes is fundamental to the developmental origins of the metabolic syndrome. Fetal nutrition may differently influence female and male offspring. Methods Mice dam were fed either a control diet or a high-fat diet (HFD) for 6-week prior mating and continued their respective diet during gestation and lactation. At weaning, female and male offspring were fed the HFD until sacrifice. White (WAT) and brown (BAT) adipose tissues were investigated in vivo by nuclear magnetic resonance at two different timepoints in life (midterm and endterm) and tissues were collected at endterm for lipidomic analysis and RNA sequencing. We explored the sex-dependent metabolic adaptation and gene programming changes by maternal HFD in visceral AT (VAT), subcutaneous AT (SAT) and BAT of offspring. Results We show that the triglyceride profile varies between adipose depots, sexes and maternal diet. In female offspring, maternal HFD remodels the triglycerides profile in SAT and BAT, and increases thermogenesis and cell differentiation in BAT, which may prevent metabolic complication later in life. Male offspring exhibit whitening of BAT and hyperplasia in VAT when born from high-fat mothers, with impaired metabolic profile. Maternal HFD differentially programs gene expression in WAT and BAT of female and male offspring. Conclusion Maternal HFD modulates metabolic profile in offspring in a sex-dependent manner. A sex- and maternal diet-dependent gene programming exists in VAT, SAT, and BAT which may be key player in the sexual dimorphism in the metabolic adaptation later in life.
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Cho BA, Iyengar NM, Zhou XK, Morrow M, Giri DD, Verma A, Elemento O, Pollak M, Dannenberg AJ. Blood biomarkers reflect the effects of obesity and inflammation on the human breast transcriptome. Carcinogenesis 2021; 42:1281-1292. [PMID: 34314488 PMCID: PMC8546933 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgab066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a risk factor for the development of post-menopausal breast cancer. Breast white adipose tissue (WAT) inflammation, which is commonly found in women with excess body fat, is also associated with increased breast cancer risk. Both local and systemic effects are probably important for explaining the link between excess body fat, adipose inflammation and breast cancer. The first goal of this cross-sectional study of 196 women was to carry out transcriptome profiling to define the molecular changes that occur in the breast related to excess body fat and WAT inflammation. A second objective was to determine if commonly measured blood biomarkers of risk and prognosis reflect molecular changes in the breast. Breast WAT inflammation was assessed by immunohistochemistry. Bulk RNA-sequencing was carried out to assess gene expression in non-tumorous breast. Obesity and WAT inflammation were associated with a large number of differentially expressed genes and changes in multiple pathways linked to the development and progression of breast cancer. Altered pathways included inflammatory response, complement, KRAS signaling, tumor necrosis factor α signaling via NFkB, interleukin (IL)6-JAK-STAT3 signaling, epithelial mesenchymal transition, angiogenesis, interferon γ response and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β signaling. Increased expression of several drug targets such as aromatase, TGF-β1, IDO-1 and PD-1 were observed. Levels of various blood biomarkers including high sensitivity C-reactive protein, IL6, leptin, adiponectin, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and insulin were altered and correlated with molecular changes in the breast. Collectively, this study helps to explain both the link between obesity and breast cancer and the utility of blood biomarkers for determining risk and prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byuri Angela Cho
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Neil M Iyengar
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Xi Kathy Zhou
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Monica Morrow
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Dilip D Giri
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Akanksha Verma
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Olivier Elemento
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
- Caryl and Israel Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Michael Pollak
- Department of Medicine and Oncology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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Integrated bioinformatics analysis reveals novel key biomarkers and potential candidate small molecule drugs in gestational diabetes mellitus. Biosci Rep 2021; 41:228450. [PMID: 33890634 PMCID: PMC8145272 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20210617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is the metabolic disorder that appears during pregnancy. The current investigation aimed to identify central differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in GDM. The transcription profiling by array data (E-MTAB-6418) was obtained from the ArrayExpress database. The DEGs between GDM samples and non-GDM samples were analyzed. Functional enrichment analysis were performed using ToppGene. Then we constructed the protein–protein interaction (PPI) network of DEGs by the Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes database (STRING) and module analysis was performed. Subsequently, we constructed the miRNA–hub gene network and TF–hub gene regulatory network. The validation of hub genes was performed through receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC). Finally, the candidate small molecules as potential drugs to treat GDM were predicted by using molecular docking. Through transcription profiling by array data, a total of 869 DEGs were detected including 439 up-regulated and 430 down-regulated genes. Functional enrichment analysis showed these DEGs were mainly enriched in reproduction, cell adhesion, cell surface interactions at the vascular wall and extracellular matrix organization. Ten genes, HSP90AA1, EGFR, RPS13, RBX1, PAK1, FYN, ABL1, SMAD3, STAT3 and PRKCA were associated with GDM, according to ROC analysis. Finally, the most significant small molecules were predicted based on molecular docking. This investigation identified hub genes, signal pathways and therapeutic agents, which might help us, enhance our understanding of the mechanisms of GDM and find some novel therapeutic agents for GDM.
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Sung TY, Huang HL, Cheng CC, Chang FL, Wei PL, Cheng YW, Huang CC, Lee YC, HuangFu WC, Pan SL. EGFL6 promotes colorectal cancer cell growth and mobility and the anti-cancer property of anti-EGFL6 antibody. Cell Biosci 2021; 11:53. [PMID: 33726836 PMCID: PMC7962215 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-021-00561-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The availability of a reliable tumor target for advanced colorectal cancer (CRC) therapeutic approaches is critical since current treatments are limited. Epidermal growth factor-like domain 6 (EGFL6) has been reported to be associated with cancer development. Here, we focused on the role of EGFL6 in CRC progression and its clinical relevance. In addition, an anti-EGFL6 antibody was generated by phage display technology to investigate its potential therapeutic efficacy in CRC. RESULTS EGFL6 expression significantly increased in the colon tissues from CRC patients and mice showing spontaneous tumorigenesis, but not in normal tissue. Under hypoxic condition, EGFL6 expression was enhanced at both protein and transcript levels. Moreover, EGFL6 could promote cancer cell migration invasion, and proliferation of CRC cells via up-regulation of the ERK/ AKT pathway. EGFL6 also regulated cell migration, invasion, proliferation, and self-renewal through EGFR/αvβ3 integrin receptors. Treatment with the anti-EGFL6 antibody EGFL6-E5-IgG showed tumor-inhibition and anti-metastasis abilities in the xenograft and syngeneic mouse models, respectively. Moreover, EGFL6-E5-IgG treatment had no adverse effect on angiogenesis and wound healing CONCLUSIONS: We demonstrated that EGFL6 plays a role in CRC tumorigenesis and tumor progression, indicating that EGFL6 is a potential therapeutic target worth further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Yi Sung
- Ph.D. Program in Drug Discovery and Development Industry, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, 11031, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Han-Li Huang
- Ph.D. Program in Drug Discovery and Development Industry, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, 11031, Taipei, Taiwan.,TMU Biomedical Commercialization Center, Taipei Medical University, 11031, Taipei, Taiwan.,TMU Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine, Taipei Medical University, No. 250, Wuxing St., 11031, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Chun Cheng
- Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, No. 250, Wuxing St., 11031, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Fu-Ling Chang
- Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, No. 250, Wuxing St., 11031, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Po-Li Wei
- Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, No. 250, Wuxing St., 11031, Taipei, Taiwan.,Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei Medical University, 11031, Taipei, Taiwan.,Translational Laboratory, Department of Medical Research, Taipei Medical University Hospital, 11031, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Wen Cheng
- Ph.D. Program for Cancer Molecular Biology and Drug Discovery, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Chiao Huang
- Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, No. 250, Wuxing St., 11031, Taipei, Taiwan. .,Division of Breast Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taipei Medical University Hospital, No. 252, Wuxing St., 11031, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Yu-Ching Lee
- Ph.D. Program in Drug Discovery and Development Industry, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, 11031, Taipei, Taiwan. .,TMU Biomedical Commercialization Center, Taipei Medical University, 11031, Taipei, Taiwan. .,TMU Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine, Taipei Medical University, No. 250, Wuxing St., 11031, Taipei, Taiwan. .,Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, No. 250, Wuxing St., 11031, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Wei-Chun HuangFu
- Ph.D. Program in Drug Discovery and Development Industry, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, 11031, Taipei, Taiwan. .,TMU Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine, Taipei Medical University, No. 250, Wuxing St., 11031, Taipei, Taiwan. .,Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, No. 250, Wuxing St., 11031, Taipei, Taiwan. .,Ph.D. Program for Cancer Molecular Biology and Drug Discovery, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Shiow-Lin Pan
- Ph.D. Program in Drug Discovery and Development Industry, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, 11031, Taipei, Taiwan. .,TMU Biomedical Commercialization Center, Taipei Medical University, 11031, Taipei, Taiwan. .,TMU Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine, Taipei Medical University, No. 250, Wuxing St., 11031, Taipei, Taiwan. .,Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, No. 250, Wuxing St., 11031, Taipei, Taiwan. .,Ph.D. Program for Cancer Molecular Biology and Drug Discovery, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Joshi H, Vastrad B, Joshi N, Vastrad C, Tengli A, Kotturshetti I. Identification of Key Pathways and Genes in Obesity Using Bioinformatics Analysis and Molecular Docking Studies. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:628907. [PMID: 34248836 PMCID: PMC8264660 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.628907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is an excess accumulation of body fat. Its progression rate has remained high in recent years. Therefore, the aim of this study was to diagnose important differentially expressed genes (DEGs) associated in its development, which may be used as novel biomarkers or potential therapeutic targets for obesity. The gene expression profile of E-MTAB-6728 was downloaded from the database. After screening DEGs in each ArrayExpress dataset, we further used the robust rank aggregation method to diagnose 876 significant DEGs including 438 up regulated and 438 down regulated genes. Functional enrichment analysis was performed. These DEGs were shown to be significantly enriched in different obesity related pathways and GO functions. Then protein-protein interaction network, target genes - miRNA regulatory network and target genes - TF regulatory network were constructed and analyzed. The module analysis was performed based on the whole PPI network. We finally filtered out STAT3, CORO1C, SERPINH1, MVP, ITGB5, PCM1, SIRT1, EEF1G, PTEN and RPS2 hub genes. Hub genes were validated by ICH analysis, receiver operating curve (ROC) analysis and RT-PCR. Finally a molecular docking study was performed to find small drug molecules. The robust DEGs linked with the development of obesity were screened through the expression profile, and integrated bioinformatics analysis was conducted. Our study provides reliable molecular biomarkers for screening and diagnosis, prognosis as well as novel therapeutic targets for obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harish Joshi
- Department of Endocrinology, Endocrine and Diabetes Care Center, Hubbali, India
| | - Basavaraj Vastrad
- Department of Biochemistry, Basaveshwar College of Pharmacy, Gadag, India
| | - Nidhi Joshi
- Department of Medicine, Dr. D. Y. Patil Medical College, Kolhapur, India
| | - Chanabasayya Vastrad
- Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Chanabasava Nilaya, Bharthinagar, Dharwad, India
- *Correspondence: Chanabasayya Vastrad,
| | - Anandkumar Tengli
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, Mysuru and JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru, India
| | - Iranna Kotturshetti
- Department of Ayurveda, Rajiv Gandhi Education Society`s Ayurvedic Medical College, Ron, India
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Huo FC, Zhu WT, Liu X, Zhou Y, Zhang LS, Mou J. Epidermal growth factor-like domain multiple 6 (EGFL6) promotes the migration and invasion of gastric cancer cells by inducing epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Invest New Drugs 2020; 39:304-316. [PMID: 32949323 DOI: 10.1007/s10637-020-01004-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 09/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Epidermal growth factor-like domain multiple 6 (EGFL6) is implicated in tumor growth, metastasis and angiogenesis, and its ectopic alteration has been detected in aggressive malignancies. However, the pathophysiologic roles and molecular mechanisms of EGFL6 in gastric cancer (GC) remain to be elucidated. In this study, we investigated EGFL6 expression in GC cell lines and tissues using western blotting and immunohistochemistry. We found that EGFL6 was elevated expression in GC cell lines and tissues. The high expression of EGFL6 significantly was correlated with histological grade, depth of invasion, lymph node involvement, distant metastasis and TNM stage in GC and predicted poorer prognosis, and it could act an independent prognostic factor for GC patients. EGFL6 enhanced the proliferation, migration and invasion of GC cells. In addition, we identified the possible molecular mechanisms of EGFL6-involved epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). EGFL6 regulated EMT process and induced metastasis partly through FAK/PI3K/AKT/mTOR, Notch and MAPK signaling pathways. In conclusion, EGFL6 confers an oncogenic function in GC progression and may be proposed as a potential therapeutic target for GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fu-Chun Huo
- Department of Pathology, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tong-shan Road, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wen-Tao Zhu
- Department of Pathology, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tong-shan Road, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xu Liu
- Department of general surgery, Xuzhou Children's Hospital, Xuzhou Medical University, Quan shan District, Xuzhou, 221000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yun Zhou
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou, 221000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lan-Sheng Zhang
- Department of Oncological Radiotherapy, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221000, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Jie Mou
- Department of Pathology, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tong-shan Road, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China.
- School of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tong-shan Road, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China.
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10
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Zhu W, Liu C, Lu T, Zhang Y, Zhang S, Chen Q, Deng N. Knockout of EGFL6 by CRISPR/Cas9 Mediated Inhibition of Tumor Angiogenesis in Ovarian Cancer. Front Oncol 2020; 10:1451. [PMID: 32983976 PMCID: PMC7477343 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.01451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor angiogenesis plays an important role in the progression and metastasis of ovarian cancer. EGFL6 protein is highly expressed in ovarian cancer and has been proposed to play an important role in promoting tumor angiogenesis. Here, a CRISPR/Cas9 system was used to knockout the EGFL6 gene in the ovarian cancer cell line SKOV3, using specific guide RNA targeting the exons of EGFL6. The knockout of EGFL6 markedly inhibited the proliferation, migration, and invasion of SKOV3 cells, as well as promoted apoptosis of tumor cells. In the nude mouse model of ovarian cancer, knockout of EGFL6 remarkably inhibited tumor growth and angiogenesis. The transcript profile assays detected 4,220 differentially expressed genes in the knockout cells, including 87 genes that were correlated to proliferation, migration, invasion, and angiogenesis. Moreover, Western blotting confirmed that EGFL6 knockout downregulated the FGF-2/PDGFB signaling pathway. Thus, the results of this study indicated that EGFL6 could regulate cell proliferation, migration, and angiogenesis in ovarian cancer cells by regulating the FGF-2/PDGFB signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhui Zhu
- Guangdong Province Engineering Research Center for Antibody Drug and Immunoassay, Department of Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chunyan Liu
- Guangdong Province Engineering Research Center for Antibody Drug and Immunoassay, Department of Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tongyi Lu
- Guangdong Province Engineering Research Center for Antibody Drug and Immunoassay, Department of Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yinmei Zhang
- Guangdong Province Engineering Research Center for Antibody Drug and Immunoassay, Department of Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Simin Zhang
- Guangdong Province Engineering Research Center for Antibody Drug and Immunoassay, Department of Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qi Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States
| | - Ning Deng
- Guangdong Province Engineering Research Center for Antibody Drug and Immunoassay, Department of Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
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11
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Kang J, Wang J, Tian J, Shi R, Jia H, Wang Y. The emerging role of EGFL6 in angiogenesis and tumor progression. Int J Med Sci 2020; 17:1320-1326. [PMID: 32624687 PMCID: PMC7330666 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.45129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Epidermal growth factor-like domain-containing protein 6 (EGFL6) belongs to the epidermal growth factor (EGF) superfamily. EGFL6 is expressed at higher levels in embryos and various malignant tumors than in normal tissues. Recent studies suggest that EGFL6 participates in the development of a variety of tumors. In this review, we summarize findings that support the role for EGFL6 in tumor proliferation, invasion and migration. Furthermore, our review results indicate the mechanism of EGFL6 activity angiogenesis. We also describe work toward the preparation of monoclonal antibodies against EGFL6. Altogether, the work of this review promotes understanding of the role of EGFL6 in tumor development, the mechanism of that action, and the potential of EGFL6 as a therapeutic target for tumor prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Kang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Juanjuan Wang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Jihua Tian
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Ruyi Shi
- Department of Cell biology and Genetics, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Hongyan Jia
- Department of General Surgery, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Yanhong Wang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
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12
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Wang W, Li S, Xu L, Jiang M, Li X, Zhang Y, Tighe S, Zhu Y, Li G. Differential Gene Expression between Limbal Niche Progenitors and Bone Marrow Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Int J Med Sci 2020; 17:549-557. [PMID: 32174786 PMCID: PMC7053302 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.40881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: To compare the difference in gene expression between human limbal niche cells (LNC) and bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSC). Methods: LNC were isolated by collagenase and expanded in modified embryonic stem cell medium (MESCM) on a Matrigel coated plastic plate. Cell diameters were measured with Image J software. Relative gene expression levels between LNC and BMMSC were compared using Affymetrix Human Primer View Gene Expression Array. A subset of differentially expressed genes was verified by RT-qPCR. The protein level of LAMA1 and COL4A1 was confirmed by Western blot and immunostaining. Results: The average diameter of LNC was 10.2±2.4 μm, which was significantly smaller than that of BMMSC (14 ±3.4 μm) (p<0.0001). Expression of 20,432 genes was examined by Gene Expression Array, among which expression of 349 genes in LNC was 10-fold or higher than that of BMMSC and expression of 8 genes in LNC was 100-fold or higher than that of BMMSC, while expression of 3 genes in BMMSC was 100-fold higher than that of LNC. GO analysis and pathway analysis showed that the differentially expressed genes were mainly enriched in the extracellular matrix receptor interaction pathway and Wnt signaling pathway. In addition, RT-qPCR results demonstrated that the expression of CD73, CD90, CD105, PDGFRβ, Vimentin, SCF, KIT (CD117), COL14A1, LAMA2, THBS2, FZD1, BMP2 and CXCL12 genes in LNC were at least 2 folds higher than BMMSC. The protein level of LAMA1 was higher but the protein level of COL4A1 was lower in LNC than that in BMMSC. Conclusion: LNC exhibit differential gene expression from BMMSC in the extracellular matrix (ECM) receptor interaction pathway and Wnt signaling pathway, suggesting that LNC have their unique signaling pathways to support limbal stem cell niches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province 430030, China
| | - Shen Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province 430030, China
| | - Lingjuan Xu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province 430030, China
| | - Menglin Jiang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province 430030, China
| | - Xinyu Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province 430030, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Tissue Tech Inc, Miami, Florida, 33126 USA
| | - Sean Tighe
- Tissue Tech Inc, Miami, Florida, 33126 USA
| | | | - Guigang Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province 430030, China
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13
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Zhang QW, Zhang XT, Tang CT, Lin XL, Ge ZZ, Li XB. EGFL6 promotes cell proliferation in colorectal cancer via regulation of the WNT/β-catenin pathway. Mol Carcinog 2019; 58:967-979. [PMID: 30693973 DOI: 10.1002/mc.22985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Revised: 01/24/2019] [Accepted: 01/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Epidermal growth factor-like protein 6 (EGFL6) serves as an exocrine protein promoting proliferation and migration during carcinogenesis in ovarian cancer. However, its function and mechanisms in colorectal cancer (CRC) have not been completely explored. To investigate the role of EGFL6 in CRC cell growth, in vitro CCK8, colony formation assays, flow cytometric analysis of the cell cycle and apoptosis, and an in vivo tumor xenograft model were utilized. Additionally, Western blotting and luciferase reporter assays were used to investigate the underlying mechanisms of EGFL6 function on the WNT/β-catenin signaling pathway. Immunohistochemical staining showed that EGFL6 is overexpressed in CRCs and this overexpression was highly correlated with advanced T classification, N classification, distant metastasis, and poor survival. Knocking down EGFL6 in CRC cell lines induced the inhibition of cell growth, cell cycle arrest at the G0/G1 phase, and apoptosis. Further, knockdown of EGFL6 blocked WNT/β-catenin signaling as measured by Western blotting and luciferase reporter assay. Results also showed that recombinant EGFL6 (rEGFL6) induced β-catenin in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. Further experiments showed that administration of rEGFL6 to cell cultures with EGFL6 knocked down or treated with the WNT/β-catenin inhibitor ICG-001 increased β-catenin and its downstream protein CyclinD1. The CCK8 assay showed that EGFL6 promoted CRC cell growth partly by the promotion of TCF7L2 expression. These findings suggest that EGFL6 plays a crucial role in the progression of CRC by regulation of the WNT/β-catenin signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Wei Zhang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ministry of Health, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin-Tian Zhang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ministry of Health, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, Shanghai, China
| | - Chao-Tao Tang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ministry of Health, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao-Lu Lin
- Department of Digestive Endoscopy, Provincial Clinic Medical College, Fujian Medical University, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zhi-Zheng Ge
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ministry of Health, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao-Bo Li
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ministry of Health, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, Shanghai, China
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14
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Cheng CC, Tsutsui K, Taguchi T, Sanzen N, Nakagawa A, Kakiguchi K, Yonemura S, Tanegashima C, Keeley SD, Kiyonari H, Furuta Y, Tomono Y, Watt FM, Fujiwara H. Hair follicle epidermal stem cells define a niche for tactile sensation. eLife 2018; 7:38883. [PMID: 30355452 PMCID: PMC6226291 DOI: 10.7554/elife.38883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Accepted: 10/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The heterogeneity and compartmentalization of stem cells is a common principle in many epithelia, and is known to function in epithelial maintenance, but its other physiological roles remain elusive. Here we show transcriptional and anatomical contributions of compartmentalized epidermal stem cells in tactile sensory unit formation in the mouse hair follicle. Epidermal stem cells in the follicle upper-bulge, where mechanosensory lanceolate complexes innervate, express a unique set of extracellular matrix (ECM) and neurogenesis-related genes. These epidermal stem cells deposit an ECM protein called EGFL6 into the collar matrix, a novel ECM that tightly ensheathes lanceolate complexes. EGFL6 is required for the proper patterning, touch responses, and αv integrin-enrichment of lanceolate complexes. By maintaining a quiescent original epidermal stem cell niche, the old bulge, epidermal stem cells provide anatomically stable follicle-lanceolate complex interfaces, irrespective of the stage of follicle regeneration cycle. Thus, compartmentalized epidermal stem cells provide a niche linking the hair follicle and the nervous system throughout the hair cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Chun Cheng
- Laboratory for Tissue Microenvironment, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Kobe, Japan
| | - Ko Tsutsui
- Laboratory for Tissue Microenvironment, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Kobe, Japan
| | - Toru Taguchi
- Department of Neuroscience II, Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan.,Department of Physical Therapy, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, Niigata, Japan
| | - Noriko Sanzen
- Laboratory for Tissue Microenvironment, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Kobe, Japan
| | - Asako Nakagawa
- Laboratory for Tissue Microenvironment, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Kobe, Japan
| | - Kisa Kakiguchi
- Laboratory for Ultrastructural Research, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Kobe, Japan
| | - Shigenobu Yonemura
- Laboratory for Ultrastructural Research, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Kobe, Japan.,Department of Cell Biology, Tokushima University Graduate School of Medical Science, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Chiharu Tanegashima
- Laboratory for Phyloinformatics, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Kobe, Japan
| | - Sean D Keeley
- Phyloinformatics Unit, RIKEN Center for Life Science Technologies, Kobe, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kiyonari
- Laboratories for Animal Resource Development and Genetic Engineering, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Kobe, Japan
| | - Yasuhide Furuta
- Laboratories for Animal Resource Development and Genetic Engineering, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Kobe, Japan
| | - Yasuko Tomono
- Division of Molecular and Cell Biology, Shigei Medical Research Institute, Okayama, Japan
| | - Fiona M Watt
- Centre for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Hironobu Fujiwara
- Laboratory for Tissue Microenvironment, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Kobe, Japan
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15
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Macron C, Lane L, Núñez Galindo A, Dayon L. Identification of Missing Proteins in Normal Human Cerebrospinal Fluid. J Proteome Res 2018; 17:4315-4319. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.8b00194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Macron
- Proteomics, Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Lydie Lane
- CALIPHO Group, SIB-Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, CMU, rue Michel-Servet 1, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, rue Michel-Servet 1, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | | | - Loïc Dayon
- Proteomics, Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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16
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Wang X, Yuan W, Wang X, Qi J, Qin Y, Shi Y, Zhang J, Gong J, Dong Z, Liu X, Sun C, Chai R, Le Noble F, Liu D. The somite-secreted factor Maeg promotes zebrafish embryonic angiogenesis. Oncotarget 2018; 7:77749-77763. [PMID: 27780917 PMCID: PMC5363618 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.12793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2016] [Accepted: 10/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
MAM and EGF containing gene (MAEG), also called Epidermal Growth Factor-like domain multiple 6 (EGFL6), belongs to the epidermal growth factor repeat superfamily. The role of Maeg in zebrafish angiogenesis remains unclear. It was demonstrated that maeg was dynamically expressed in zebrafish developing somite during a time window encompassing many key steps in embryonic angiogenesis. Maeg loss-of-function embryos showed reduced endothelial cell number and filopodia extensions of intersegmental vessels (ISVs). Maeg gain-of-function induced ectopic sprouting evolving into a hyperbranched and functional perfused vasculature. Mechanistically we demonstrate that Maeg promotes angiogenesis dependent on RGD domain and stimulates activation of Akt and Erk signaling in vivo. Loss of Maeg or Itgb1, augmented expression of Notch receptors, and inhibiting Notch signaling or Dll4 partially rescued angiogenic phenotypes suggesting that Notch acts downstream of Itgb1. We conclude that Maeg acts as a positive regulator of angiogenic cell behavior and formation of functional vessels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wang
- Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Wei Yuan
- Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Xueqian Wang
- Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Jialing Qi
- Medical College, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Yinyin Qin
- Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Yunwei Shi
- Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Medical College, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Jie Gong
- School of life science, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Zhangji Dong
- Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Xiaoyu Liu
- Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Chen Sun
- Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Renjie Chai
- Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, China.,Key Laboratory for Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Ministry of Education, Institute of Life Sciences, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ferdinand Le Noble
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Dong Liu
- Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, China
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17
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Noh K, Mangala LS, Han HD, Zhang N, Pradeep S, Wu SY, Ma S, Mora E, Rupaimoole R, Jiang D, Wen Y, Shahzad MMK, Lyons Y, Cho M, Hu W, Nagaraja AS, Haemmerle M, Mak CSL, Chen X, Gharpure KM, Deng H, Xiong W, Kingsley CV, Liu J, Jennings N, Birrer MJ, Bouchard RR, Lopez-Berestein G, Coleman RL, An Z, Sood AK. Differential Effects of EGFL6 on Tumor versus Wound Angiogenesis. Cell Rep 2017; 21:2785-2795. [PMID: 29212026 PMCID: PMC5749980 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2017.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2016] [Revised: 09/18/2017] [Accepted: 11/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis inhibitors are important for cancer therapy, but clinically approved anti-angiogenic agents have shown only modest efficacy and can compromise wound healing. This necessitates the development of novel anti-angiogenesis therapies. Here, we show significantly increased EGFL6 expression in tumor versus wound or normal endothelial cells. Using a series of in vitro and in vivo studies with orthotopic and genetically engineered mouse models, we demonstrate the mechanisms by which EGFL6 stimulates tumor angiogenesis. In contrast to its antagonistic effects on tumor angiogenesis, EGFL6 blockage did not affect normal wound healing. These findings have significant implications for development of anti-angiogenesis therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyunghee Noh
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Gene Therapy Research Unit, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Lingegowda S Mangala
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Center for RNA Interference and Non-Coding RNA, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Hee-Dong Han
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Chungju 380-701, South Korea
| | - Ningyan Zhang
- Texas Therapeutics Institute, Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Sunila Pradeep
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Sherry Y Wu
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Shaolin Ma
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Edna Mora
- Department of Surgery, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan 00936, Puerto Rico; University of Puerto Rico Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Juan 00936, Puerto Rico; Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77584, USA
| | - Rajesha Rupaimoole
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Dahai Jiang
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Center for RNA Interference and Non-Coding RNA, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Yunfei Wen
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Mian M K Shahzad
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Yasmin Lyons
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - MinSoon Cho
- Department of Benign Hematology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Wei Hu
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Archana S Nagaraja
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Monika Haemmerle
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Celia S L Mak
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Xiuhui Chen
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Kshipra M Gharpure
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Hui Deng
- Texas Therapeutics Institute, Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Wei Xiong
- Texas Therapeutics Institute, Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Charles V Kingsley
- Department of Imaging Physics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jinsong Liu
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Nicholas Jennings
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Michael J Birrer
- University of Alabama Comprehensive Cancer Center, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Richard R Bouchard
- Department of Imaging Physics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Gabriel Lopez-Berestein
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Center for RNA Interference and Non-Coding RNA, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Robert L Coleman
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Zhiqiang An
- Texas Therapeutics Institute, Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Anil K Sood
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Center for RNA Interference and Non-Coding RNA, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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18
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Pursani V, Pethe P, Bashir M, Sampath P, Tanavde V, Bhartiya D. Genetic and Epigenetic Profiling Reveals EZH2-mediated Down Regulation of OCT-4 Involves NR2F2 during Cardiac Differentiation of Human Embryonic Stem Cells. Sci Rep 2017; 7:13051. [PMID: 29026152 PMCID: PMC5638931 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-13442-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2017] [Accepted: 09/25/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Human embryonic (hES) stem cells are widely used as an in vitro model to understand global genetic and epigenetic changes that occur during early embryonic development. In-house derived hES cells (KIND1) were subjected to directed differentiation into cardiovascular progenitors (D12) and beating cardiomyocytes (D20). Transcriptome profiling of undifferentiated (D0) and differentiated (D12 and 20) cells was undertaken by microarray analysis. ChIP and sequential ChIP were employed to study role of transcription factor NR2F2 during hES cells differentiation. Microarray profiling showed that an alteration of about 1400 and 1900 transcripts occurred on D12 and D20 respectively compared to D0 whereas only 19 genes were altered between D12 and D20. This was found associated with corresponding expression pattern of chromatin remodelers, histone modifiers, miRNAs and lncRNAs marking the formation of progenitors and cardiomyocytes on D12 and D20 respectively. ChIP sequencing and sequential ChIP revealed the binding of NR2F2 with polycomb group member EZH2 and pluripotent factor OCT4 indicating its crucial involvement in cardiac differentiation. The study provides a detailed insight into genetic and epigenetic changes associated with hES cells differentiation into cardiac cells and a role for NR2F2 is deciphered for the first time to down-regulate OCT-4 via EZH2 during cardiac differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Varsha Pursani
- Stem Cell Biology Department, ICMR- National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health, Mumbai, 400012, India
| | - Prasad Pethe
- Stem Cell Biology Department, ICMR- National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health, Mumbai, 400012, India
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sunandan Divatia School of Science, NMIMS University, Mumbai, 400056, India
| | - Mohsin Bashir
- Institute of Medical Biology, Agency for Science Technology & Research (A*STAR), Singapore, 138648, Singapore
| | - Prabha Sampath
- Institute of Medical Biology, Agency for Science Technology & Research (A*STAR), Singapore, 138648, Singapore
| | - Vivek Tanavde
- Bioinformatics Institute, Agency for Science Technology & Research (A*STAR), Singapore, 138671, Singapore
- Division of Biological & Life Sciences, School of Arts & Sciences, Ahmedabad University, Ahmedabad, 380009, India
| | - Deepa Bhartiya
- Stem Cell Biology Department, ICMR- National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health, Mumbai, 400012, India.
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19
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Bai S, Ingram P, Chen YC, Deng N, Pearson A, Niknafs YS, O'Hayer P, Wang Y, Zhang ZY, Boscolo E, Bischoff J, Yoon E, Buckanovich RJ. EGFL6 Regulates the Asymmetric Division, Maintenance, and Metastasis of ALDH+ Ovarian Cancer Cells. Cancer Res 2017; 76:6396-6409. [PMID: 27803106 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-16-0225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2016] [Accepted: 07/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Little is known about the factors that regulate the asymmetric division of cancer stem-like cells (CSC). Here, we demonstrate that EGFL6, a stem cell regulatory factor expressed in ovarian tumor cells and vasculature, regulates ALDH+ ovarian CSC. EGFL6 signaled at least in part via the oncoprotein SHP2 with concomitant activation of ERK. EGFL6 signaling promoted the migration and asymmetric division of ALDH+ ovarian CSC. As such, EGFL6 increased not only tumor growth but also metastasis. Silencing of EGFL6 or SHP2 limited numbers of ALDH+ cells and reduced tumor growth, supporting a critical role for EGFL6/SHP2 in ALDH+ cell maintenance. Notably, systemic administration of an EGFL6-neutralizing antibody we generated restricted tumor growth and metastasis, specifically blocking ovarian cancer cell recruitment to the ovary. Together, our results offer a preclinical proof of concept for EGFL6 as a novel therapeutic target for the treatment of ovarian cancer. Cancer Res; 76(21); 6396-409. ©2016 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoumei Bai
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Patrick Ingram
- Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Yu-Chih Chen
- Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Ning Deng
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Alex Pearson
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Yashar S Niknafs
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Patrick O'Hayer
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Yun Wang
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Zhong-Yin Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Elisa Boscolo
- Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Joyce Bischoff
- Department of Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Euisik Yoon
- Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Ronald J Buckanovich
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan. .,Division of Gynecologic-Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
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20
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Bolton J, Montastier E, Carayol J, Bonnel S, Mir L, Marques MA, Astrup A, Saris W, Iacovoni J, Villa-Vialaneix N, Valsesia A, Langin D, Viguerie N. Molecular Biomarkers for Weight Control in Obese Individuals Subjected to a Multiphase Dietary Intervention. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2017; 102:2751-2761. [PMID: 28482007 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2016-3997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2016] [Accepted: 05/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Although calorie restriction has proven beneficial for weight loss, long-term weight control is variable between individuals. OBJECTIVE To identify biomarkers of successful weight control during a dietary intervention (DI). DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS Adipose tissue (AT) transcriptomes were compared between 21 obese individuals who either maintained weight loss or regained weight during the DI. Results were validated on 310 individuals from the same study using quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and protein levels of potential circulating biomarkers measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. INTERVENTION Individuals underwent 8 weeks of low-calorie diet, then 6 months of ad libitum diet. OUTCOME MEASURE Weight changes at the end of the DI. RESULTS We evaluated six genes that had altered expression during DI, encode secreted proteins, and have not previously been implicated in weight control (EGFL6, FSTL3, CRYAB, TNMD, SPARC, IGFBP3), as well as genes for which baseline expression differed between those with good and poor weight control (ASPN, USP53). Changes in plasma concentrations of EGFL6, FSTL3, and CRYAB mirrored AT messenger RNA expression; all decreased during DI in individuals with good weight control. ASPN and USP53 had higher baseline expression in individuals who went on to have good weight control. Expression quantitative trait loci analysis found polymorphisms associated with expression levels of USP53 in AT. A regulatory network was identified in which transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) was responsible for downregulation of certain genes during DI in good controllers. Interestingly, ASPN is a TGF-β1 inhibitor. CONCLUSIONS We found circulating biomarkers associated with weight control that could influence weight management strategies and genes that may be prognostic for successful weight control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Bolton
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Obesity Research Laboratory, Institute of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases, 31432 Toulouse, France
- University of Toulouse, Paul Sabatier University, 31400 Toulouse, France
| | - Emilie Montastier
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Obesity Research Laboratory, Institute of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases, 31432 Toulouse, France
- University of Toulouse, Paul Sabatier University, 31400 Toulouse, France
- Toulouse University Hospitals, Departments of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Nutrition, 31400 Toulouse, France
| | - Jérôme Carayol
- Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences SA, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Sophie Bonnel
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Obesity Research Laboratory, Institute of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases, 31432 Toulouse, France
- University of Toulouse, Paul Sabatier University, 31400 Toulouse, France
| | - Lucile Mir
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Obesity Research Laboratory, Institute of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases, 31432 Toulouse, France
- University of Toulouse, Paul Sabatier University, 31400 Toulouse, France
| | - Marie-Adeline Marques
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Obesity Research Laboratory, Institute of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases, 31432 Toulouse, France
- University of Toulouse, Paul Sabatier University, 31400 Toulouse, France
| | - Arne Astrup
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Wim Saris
- Department of Human Biology, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre, 6229 Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Jason Iacovoni
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Obesity Research Laboratory, Institute of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases, 31432 Toulouse, France
- University of Toulouse, Paul Sabatier University, 31400 Toulouse, France
| | - Nathalie Villa-Vialaneix
- Unité de Mathématiques et Informatique Appliquées de Toulouse, Université de Toulouse, 31326 Castanet Tolosan, France
| | - Armand Valsesia
- Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences SA, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Dominique Langin
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Obesity Research Laboratory, Institute of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases, 31432 Toulouse, France
- University of Toulouse, Paul Sabatier University, 31400 Toulouse, France
- Toulouse University Hospitals, Departments of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Nutrition, 31400 Toulouse, France
| | - Nathalie Viguerie
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Obesity Research Laboratory, Institute of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases, 31432 Toulouse, France
- University of Toulouse, Paul Sabatier University, 31400 Toulouse, France
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Sun Y, Kuek V, Qiu H, Tickner J, Chen L, Wang H, He W, Xu J. The emerging role of NPNT in tissue injury repair and bone homeostasis. J Cell Physiol 2017; 233:1887-1894. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.26013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2017] [Accepted: 05/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Youqiang Sun
- The National Key Discipline and the Orthopedic Laboratory; Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine; Guangzhou Guangdong P. R. China
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital; Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine; Guangzhou Guangdong P. R. China
- School of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine; The University of Western Australia; Perth WA Australia
| | - Vincent Kuek
- School of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine; The University of Western Australia; Perth WA Australia
| | - Heng Qiu
- School of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine; The University of Western Australia; Perth WA Australia
| | - Jennifer Tickner
- School of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine; The University of Western Australia; Perth WA Australia
| | - Leilei Chen
- The National Key Discipline and the Orthopedic Laboratory; Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine; Guangzhou Guangdong P. R. China
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital; Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine; Guangzhou Guangdong P. R. China
| | - Haibin Wang
- The National Key Discipline and the Orthopedic Laboratory; Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine; Guangzhou Guangdong P. R. China
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital; Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine; Guangzhou Guangdong P. R. China
| | - Wei He
- The National Key Discipline and the Orthopedic Laboratory; Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine; Guangzhou Guangdong P. R. China
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital; Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine; Guangzhou Guangdong P. R. China
| | - Jiake Xu
- The National Key Discipline and the Orthopedic Laboratory; Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine; Guangzhou Guangdong P. R. China
- School of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine; The University of Western Australia; Perth WA Australia
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Kuek V, Yang Z, Chim SM, Zhu S, Xu H, Chow ST, Tickner J, Rosen V, Erber W, Li X, Qin A, Qian Y, Xu J. NPNT is Expressed by Osteoblasts and Mediates Angiogenesis via the Activation of Extracellular Signal-regulated Kinase. Sci Rep 2016; 6:36210. [PMID: 27782206 PMCID: PMC5080588 DOI: 10.1038/srep36210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2016] [Accepted: 10/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis plays an important role in bone development and remodeling and is mediated by a plethora of potential angiogenic factors. However, data regarding specific angiogenic factors that are secreted within the bone microenvironment to regulate osteoporosis is lacking. Here, we report that Nephronectin (NPNT), a member of the epidermal growth factor (EGF) repeat superfamily proteins and a homologue of EGFL6, is expressed in osteoblasts. Intriguingly, the gene expression of NPNT is reduced in the bone of C57BL/6J ovariectomised mice and in osteoporosis patients. In addition, the protein levels of NPNT and CD31 are also found to be reduced in the tibias of OVX mice. Exogenous addition of mouse recombinant NPNT on endothelial cells stimulates migration and tube-like structure formation in vitro. Furthermore, NPNT promotes angiogenesis in an ex vivo fetal mouse metatarsal angiogenesis assay. We show that NPNT stimulates the phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) and p38 mitogen-activated kinase (MAPK) in endothelial cells. Inhibition of ERK1/2 impaired NPNT-induced endothelial cell migration, tube-like structure formation and angiogenesis. Taken together, these results demonstrate that NPNT is a paracrine angiogenic factor and may play a role in pathological osteoporosis. This may lead to new targets for treatment of bone diseases and injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Kuek
- School of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Western Australia, Nedlands WA 6009, Australia
| | - Zhifan Yang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Shaoxing, Zhejiang 312000, China
| | - Shek Man Chim
- School of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Western Australia, Nedlands WA 6009, Australia
| | - Sipin Zhu
- School of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Western Australia, Nedlands WA 6009, Australia.,Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China
| | - Huazi Xu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China
| | - Siu To Chow
- School of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Western Australia, Nedlands WA 6009, Australia
| | - Jennifer Tickner
- School of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Western Australia, Nedlands WA 6009, Australia
| | - Vicki Rosen
- Developmental Biology, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Wendy Erber
- School of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Western Australia, Nedlands WA 6009, Australia
| | - Xiucheng Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Shaoxing, Zhejiang 312000, China
| | - An Qin
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implants, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Qian
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Shaoxing, Zhejiang 312000, China
| | - Jiake Xu
- School of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Western Australia, Nedlands WA 6009, Australia.,Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China
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Wang X, Wang X, Yuan W, Chai R, Liu D. Egfl6 is involved in zebrafish notochord development. FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2015; 41:961-969. [PMID: 25952972 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-015-0061-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2014] [Accepted: 04/23/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The epidermal growth factor (EGF) repeat motif defines a superfamily of diverse protein involved in regulating a variety of cellular and physiological processes, such as cell cycle, cell adhesion, proliferation, migration, and neural development. Egfl6, an EGF protein, also named MAGE was first cloned in human tissue. Up to date, the study of zebrafish Egfl6 expression pattern and functional analysis of Egfl6 involved in embryonic development of vertebrate in vivo is thus far lacking. Here we reported that Egfl6 was involved in zebrafish notochord development. It was shown that Egfl6 mRNA was expressed in zebrafish, developing somites, fin epidermis, pharyngeal arches, and hindbrain region. Particularly the secreted Egfl6 protein was significantly accumulated in notochord. Loss of Egfl6 function in zebrafish embryos resulted in curved body with distorted notochord in the posterior trunk. It was observed that expression of all Notch ligand and receptors in notochord of 28 hpf Egfl6 morphants was not affected, except notch2, which was up-regulated. We found that inhibition of Notch signaling by DAPT efficiently rescued notochord developmental defect of Egfl6 deficiency embryos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueqian Wang
- Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Qixiu Road 19, 226001, Nantong, China
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24
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Song IJ, Ikram M, Subhan F, Choi DJ, Lee JR, Kim HS, Lim YT, Yoon S. Molecular characterization and expression analysis of mouse epidermal growth factor-like domain 8. Int J Mol Med 2015; 36:541-50. [PMID: 26096343 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2015.2252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2014] [Accepted: 05/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidermal growth factor (EGF)-like (EGFL) domain, a common structural module in numerous secreted or transmembrane proteins, is generally involved in protein-protein interactions. To date, several EGFL proteins have been identified and characterized, but little is known about EGFL domain 8 (EGFL8). The present study reported the molecular characterization and expression analysis of EGFL8 in mice. Mouse EGFL8 amplified using a reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction approach was sequenced and characterized. Mouse EGFL8 encodes a protein of 293 amino acids with two EGFL domains, an Emilin-like domain and a Ca(2+)-binding EGFL domain, which has a molecular mass of 32 kDa. The coding sequence has a high degree of amino acid sequence identity across species, and the EGFL domain has been highly conserved in various species during evolutionary radiation. A phylogenetic tree calculated using the neighbor-joining method revealed that EGFL8 and EGFL7 are more closely associated with each other than either is to EGFL3, and they cluster with EGFL6. It was found that mouse EGFL8 protein was highly expressed in diverse mouse tissue types, including the thymus, lymph nodes, testis, ovaries, epididymis, ductus deferens, ileum, colon, stomach, esophagus, lung, uterus, urinary bladder, skin, spleen, adrenal glands and penis. These results are of great use in understanding the biological roles of mouse EGFL8 for further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ik-Jin Song
- Department of Pediatrics, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Gyeongsangnam-do 626-870, Republic of Korea
| | - Muhammad Ikram
- Department of Anatomy and Medical Research Institute, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Gyeongsangnam-do 626-870, Republic of Korea
| | - Fazli Subhan
- Department of Anatomy and Medical Research Institute, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Gyeongsangnam-do 626-870, Republic of Korea
| | - Da-Jeong Choi
- Department of Anatomy and Medical Research Institute, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Gyeongsangnam-do 626-870, Republic of Korea
| | - Ja-Rang Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Pusan National University, Busan 609-735, Republic of Korea
| | - Heui-Soo Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Pusan National University, Busan 609-735, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Tak Lim
- Department of Pediatrics, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Gyeongsangnam-do 626-870, Republic of Korea
| | - Sik Yoon
- Department of Anatomy and Medical Research Institute, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Gyeongsangnam-do 626-870, Republic of Korea
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25
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RNA-seq analysis of bovine intramuscular, subcutaneous and perirenal adipose tissues. Mol Biol Rep 2014; 41:1631-7. [PMID: 24398553 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-013-3010-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2013] [Accepted: 12/30/2013] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The deposition of intramuscular fat is an important factor affecting the beef quality, such as flavour and palatability. In this study, for further identifying the differential molecular mechanisms regulating the deposition of fat between intramuscular and external adipose tissues, particularly subcutaneous and perirenal adipose tissues, it was designed to obtain transcript sequence data and compare the transcriptomes among intramuscular, subcutaneous, and perirenal adipose tissues by RNA-Seq. A total of 66,206,912, 55,114,070 and 67,320,426 fragments were sequenced for the intramuscular (IAT), subcutaneous (SAT), and perirenal adipose tissue (PAT) respectively. Among them, total 953, 1,534, 2,026 genes showing differential expression between IAT and SAT, IAT and PAT, SAT and PAT, were identified respectively (FDR < 0.05). When these data had been mixed and analyzed together, 110 genes were differentially expressed among these three adipose tissues. Using GO enrichment analysis, multiple biological pathways were found to be significantly enriched for differentially expressed genes (FDR < 0.01), including cellular process, biological regulation, and metabolic process. In addition, total 4,625, 4,775 and 4,147 alternative splicing events occurred in IAT, SAT, and PAT, had also been detected respectively. Thus, our results logically provide the evidence for further understanding the bovine fat deposition, especially intramuscular fat, at a fine scale.
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Gerhard GS, Styer AM, Strodel WE, Roesch SL, Yavorek A, Carey DJ, Wood GC, Petrick AT, Gabrielsen J, Ibele A, Benotti P, Rolston DD, Still CD, Argyropoulos G. Gene expression profiling in subcutaneous, visceral and epigastric adipose tissues of patients with extreme obesity. Int J Obes (Lond) 2013; 38:371-8. [PMID: 23949615 PMCID: PMC3925764 DOI: 10.1038/ijo.2013.152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2013] [Revised: 07/19/2013] [Accepted: 08/08/2013] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Objective The goal of the present study was to identify differences in gene expression between SAT, VAT, and EAT depots in Class III severely obese individuals. Design Human subcutaneous (SAT) and visceral (VAT) adipose tissues exhibit differential gene expression profiles. There is little information, however, about the other proximal white adipose tissue, epigastric (EAT) in terms of its function and contribution to metabolism. Subjects and Methods Using RNA from adipose biospecimens obtained from Class III severely obese patients undergoing open Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery, we compared gene expression profiles between SAT, VAT, and EAT, using microarrays validated by real time quantitative PCR. Results The three depots were found to share 1,907 genes. VAT had the greatest number of genes [66] expressed exclusively in this depot, followed by SAT [23], and then EAT [14]. Moreover, VAT shared more genes with EAT [65] than with SAT [38]. Further analyses using ratios of SAT/EAT, VAT/EAT, and SAT/VAT, identified specific as well as overlapping networks and pathways of genes representing dermatological diseases, inflammation, cell cycle and growth, cancer, and development. Targeted analysis of genes playing a role in adipose tissue development and function, revealed that Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor Gamma Coactivator 1-alpha (PGC1-α) that regulates the precursor of the hormone Irisin (FNCD5), were abundantly expressed in all three fat depots, along with fibroblast growth factors (FGF) FGF1, FGF7, and FGF10, whereas, FGF19 and FGF21 were undetectable. Conclusions These data indicate that EAT has more in common with VAT suggesting similar metabolic potential. The human epigastric adipose depot could play a significant functional role in metabolic diseases and should be further investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- G S Gerhard
- 1] Weis Center for Research, Danville, PA, USA [2] Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - A M Styer
- Weis Center for Research, Danville, PA, USA
| | - W E Strodel
- Department of Surgery, Geisinger Medical Center, Danville, PA, USA
| | - S L Roesch
- Weis Center for Research, Danville, PA, USA
| | - A Yavorek
- Weis Center for Research, Danville, PA, USA
| | - D J Carey
- Weis Center for Research, Danville, PA, USA
| | - G C Wood
- Institute of Obesity, Geisinger Medical Center, Danville, PA, USA
| | - A T Petrick
- Department of Surgery, Geisinger Medical Center, Danville, PA, USA
| | - J Gabrielsen
- Department of Surgery, Geisinger Medical Center, Danville, PA, USA
| | - A Ibele
- Department of Surgery, Geisinger Medical Center, Danville, PA, USA
| | - P Benotti
- Institute of Obesity, Geisinger Medical Center, Danville, PA, USA
| | - D D Rolston
- Department of General and Internal Medicine, Geisinger Medical Center, Danville, PA, USA
| | - C D Still
- 1] Institute of Obesity, Geisinger Medical Center, Danville, PA, USA [2] Department of Gastroenterology, Geisinger Medical Center, Danville, PA, USA
| | - G Argyropoulos
- 1] Weis Center for Research, Danville, PA, USA [2] Institute of Obesity, Geisinger Medical Center, Danville, PA, USA
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Wang X, Gong Y, Wang D, Xie Q, Zheng M, Zhou Y, Li Q, Yang Z, Tang H, Li Y, Hu R, Chen X, Mao Y. Analysis of gene expression profiling in meningioma: deregulated signaling pathways associated with meningioma and EGFL6 overexpression in benign meningioma tissue and serum. PLoS One 2012; 7:e52707. [PMID: 23285163 PMCID: PMC3532066 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0052707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2012] [Accepted: 11/19/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Molecular mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of meningioma are not fully elucidated. In this study, we established differential gene expression profiles between meningiomas and brain arachnoidal tissue by using Affymetrix GeneChip Human U133 Plus 2.0 Array. KEGG pathway analysis demonstrated that PI3K/Akt and TGFβ signaling pathways were up-regulated in fibroblastic meningioma, and focal adhesion and ECM-receptor interaction pathways were activated in anaplastic meningioma. EGFL6 was one of the most up-regulated genes in fibroblastic meningioma by microarray analysis. Quantitative real-time PCR demonstrated that benign meningiomas had significantly higher levels of EGFL6 mRNA than brain arachnoidal tissue and atypical and anaplastic meningiomas (P<0.001). EGFL6 gene was also highly expressed in ovarian cancer, but expressed lowly in other investigated tumors. ELISA analysis showed that patients with benign meningiomas and ovarian cancers had the highest serum levels of EGFL6 (mean concentration: 672 pg/ml for benign meningiomas, and 616 pg/ml for ovarian cancers). Healthy people and patients with other tumors, however, had low levels of serum EGFL6. In conclusion, we proposed that activation of PI3K/Akt and integrin-mediated signaling pathways was involved in the pathogenesis of benign and anaplastic meningiomas, respectively. We also presented evidence that EGFL6 was overexpressed in benign meningioma tissues and serum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuanchun Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ye Gong
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- * E-mail: (YG); (YM)
| | - Daijun Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qing Xie
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mingzhe Zheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qin Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhen Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hailiang Tang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiming Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Renming Hu
- Department of Endocrinology, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiancheng Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Mao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- * E-mail: (YG); (YM)
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Kosla J, Dvorak M, Cermak V. Molecular analysis of the TGF-beta controlled gene expression program in chicken embryo dermal myofibroblasts. Gene 2012; 513:90-100. [PMID: 23127594 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2012.10.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2012] [Revised: 10/17/2012] [Accepted: 10/25/2012] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The myofibroblast is a mesenchymal cell characterized by synthesis of the extracellular matrix, plus contractile and secretory activities. Myofibroblasts participate in physiological tissue repair, but can also cause devastating fibrosis. They are present in the tumor stroma of carcinomas and contribute to tumor growth and spreading. As myofibroblasts derive from various cell types and appear in a variety of tissues, there is marked variability in their phenotype. As regulatory mechanisms of wound healing are likely conserved among vertebrates, detailed knowledge of these mechanisms in more distant species will help to distinguish general from specific phenomena. To provide this as yet missing comparison, we analyzed the impact of the chemical inhibition of TGF-beta signaling on gene expression in chicken embryo dermal myofibroblasts. We revealed genes previously reported in mammalian systems (e.g. SPON2, ASPN, COMP, LUM, HAS2, IL6, CXCL12, VEGFA) as well as novel TGF-beta dependent genes, among them PGF, VEGFC, PTN, FAM180A, FIBIN, ZIC1, ADCY2, RET, HHIP and DNER. Inhibition of TGF-beta signaling also induced multiple genes, including NPR3, AGTR2, MTUS1, SOD3 and NOV. We also analyzed the effects of long term inhibition, and found that it is not able to induce myofibroblast dedifferentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Kosla
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology, Institute of Molecular Genetics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Videnska 1083, CZ-14220 Prague 4, Czech Republic.
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Burgos-Ojeda D, Rueda BR, Buckanovich RJ. Ovarian cancer stem cell markers: prognostic and therapeutic implications. Cancer Lett 2012; 322:1-7. [PMID: 22334034 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2012.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2011] [Revised: 02/02/2012] [Accepted: 02/03/2012] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cancer stem cells are rare chemotherapy resistant cells within a tumor which can serve to populate the bulk of a tumor with more differentiated daughter cells and potentially contribute to recurrent disease. Ovarian cancer is a disease for which at the time of initial treatment we can obtain complete clinical remission in the majority of patients. Unfortunately, most will relapse and succumb to their disease. This clinical course is in line with the cancer stem cell model. In the past 5 years a significant amount of work has been done to identify cells with characteristics of ovarian cancer stem cells. This review will focus specifically on the markers used to define human ovarian cancer stem cells, the prognostic implications of the expression of these cancer stem cell markers in patient's primary tumors, and the potential of these cancer stem cell markers to serve as therapeutic targets.
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