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Sinigaglia B, Escudero J, Biagini SA, Garcia-Calleja J, Moreno J, Dobon B, Acosta S, Mondal M, Walsh S, Aguileta G, Vallès M, Forrow S, Martin-Caballero J, Migliano AB, Bertranpetit J, Muñoz FJ, Bosch E. Exploring Adaptive Phenotypes for the Human Calcium-Sensing Receptor Polymorphism R990G. Mol Biol Evol 2024; 41:msae015. [PMID: 38285634 PMCID: PMC10859840 DOI: 10.1093/molbev/msae015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Rainforest hunter-gatherers from Southeast Asia are characterized by specific morphological features including a particularly dark skin color (D), short stature (S), woolly hair (W), and the presence of steatopygia (S)-fat accumulation localized in the hips (DSWS phenotype). Based on previous evidence in the Andamanese population, we first characterized signatures of adaptive natural selection around the calcium-sensing receptor gene in Southeast Asian rainforest groups presenting the DSWS phenotype and identified the R990G substitution (rs1042636) as a putative adaptive variant for experimental follow-up. Although the calcium-sensing receptor has a critical role in calcium homeostasis by directly regulating the parathyroid hormone secretion, it is expressed in different tissues and has been described to be involved in many biological functions. Previous works have also characterized the R990G substitution as an activating polymorphism of the calcium-sensing receptor associated with hypocalcemia. Therefore, we generated a knock-in mouse for this substitution and investigated organismal phenotypes that could have become adaptive in rainforest hunter-gatherers from Southeast Asia. Interestingly, we found that mouse homozygous for the derived allele show not only lower serum calcium concentration but also greater body weight and fat accumulation, probably because of enhanced preadipocyte differentiation and lipolysis impairment resulting from the calcium-sensing receptor activation mediated by R990G. We speculate that such differential features in humans could have facilitated the survival of hunter-gatherer groups during periods of nutritional stress in the challenging conditions of the Southeast Asian tropical rainforests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Sinigaglia
- Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (UPF-CSIC), Departament de Medicina i Ciències de la Vida, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Parc de Recerca Biomèdica de Barcelona, Barcelona 08003, Spain
| | - Jorge Escudero
- Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (UPF-CSIC), Departament de Medicina i Ciències de la Vida, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Parc de Recerca Biomèdica de Barcelona, Barcelona 08003, Spain
| | - Simone A Biagini
- Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (UPF-CSIC), Departament de Medicina i Ciències de la Vida, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Parc de Recerca Biomèdica de Barcelona, Barcelona 08003, Spain
| | - Jorge Garcia-Calleja
- Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (UPF-CSIC), Departament de Medicina i Ciències de la Vida, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Parc de Recerca Biomèdica de Barcelona, Barcelona 08003, Spain
| | - Josep Moreno
- PCB-PRBB Animal Facility Alliance, Parc de Recerca Biomèdica de Barcelona, Barcelona 08003, Spain
| | - Begoña Dobon
- Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (UPF-CSIC), Departament de Medicina i Ciències de la Vida, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Parc de Recerca Biomèdica de Barcelona, Barcelona 08003, Spain
| | - Sandra Acosta
- Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (UPF-CSIC), Departament de Medicina i Ciències de la Vida, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Parc de Recerca Biomèdica de Barcelona, Barcelona 08003, Spain
- UB Institute of Neuroscience, Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona 08007, Spain
| | - Mayukh Mondal
- Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu 51010, Estonia
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Kiel 24118, Germany
| | - Sandra Walsh
- Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (UPF-CSIC), Departament de Medicina i Ciències de la Vida, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Parc de Recerca Biomèdica de Barcelona, Barcelona 08003, Spain
| | - Gabriela Aguileta
- Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (UPF-CSIC), Departament de Medicina i Ciències de la Vida, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Parc de Recerca Biomèdica de Barcelona, Barcelona 08003, Spain
| | - Mònica Vallès
- Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (UPF-CSIC), Departament de Medicina i Ciències de la Vida, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Parc de Recerca Biomèdica de Barcelona, Barcelona 08003, Spain
| | - Stephen Forrow
- Mouse Mutant Core Facility, Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB), Barcelona 08028, Spain
| | - Juan Martin-Caballero
- PCB-PRBB Animal Facility Alliance, Parc de Recerca Biomèdica de Barcelona, Barcelona 08003, Spain
| | - Andrea Bamberg Migliano
- Human Evolutionary Ecology Group, Department of Evolutionary Anthropology, University of Zurich, Zurich 8057, Switzerland
| | - Jaume Bertranpetit
- Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (UPF-CSIC), Departament de Medicina i Ciències de la Vida, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Parc de Recerca Biomèdica de Barcelona, Barcelona 08003, Spain
| | - Francisco J Muñoz
- Laboratory of Molecular Physiology, Departament de Medicina i Ciències de la Vida, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Parc de Recerca Biomèdica de Barcelona, Barcelona 08003, Spain
| | - Elena Bosch
- Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (UPF-CSIC), Departament de Medicina i Ciències de la Vida, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Parc de Recerca Biomèdica de Barcelona, Barcelona 08003, Spain
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Dowsett L, Duluc L, Higgins E, Alghamdi F, Fast W, Salt IP, Leiper J. Asymmetric dimethylarginine positively modulates calcium-sensing receptor signalling to promote lipid accumulation. Cell Signal 2023; 107:110676. [PMID: 37028778 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2023.110676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
Abstract
Asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) is generated through the irreversible methylation of arginine residues. It is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease, currently thought to be due to its ability to act as a competitive inhibitor of the nitric oxide (NO) synthase enzymes. Plasma ADMA concentrations increase with obesity and fall following weight loss; however, it is unknown whether they play an active role in adipose pathology. Here, we demonstrate that ADMA drives lipid accumulation through a newly identified NO-independent pathway via the amino-acid sensitive calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR). ADMA treatment of 3 T3-L1 and HepG2 cells upregulates a suite of lipogenic genes with an associated increase in triglyceride content. Pharmacological activation of CaSR mimics ADMA while negative modulation of CaSR inhibits ADMA driven lipid accumulation. Further investigation using CaSR overexpressing HEK293 cells demonstrated that ADMA potentiates CaSR signalling via Gq intracellular Ca2+ mobilisation. This study identifies a signalling mechanism for ADMA as an endogenous ligand of the G protein-coupled receptor CaSR that potentially contributes to the impact of ADMA in cardiometabolic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Dowsett
- School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK; MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK.
| | - Lucie Duluc
- MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Erin Higgins
- School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Fatmah Alghamdi
- School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Walter Fast
- Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, University of Texas, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Ian P Salt
- School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK; School of Molecular Biosciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
| | - James Leiper
- School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK; MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK
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3
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Zhong W, Chhibber A, Luo L, Mehrotra DV, Shen J. A fast and powerful linear mixed model approach for genotype-environment interaction tests in large-scale GWAS. Brief Bioinform 2023; 24:6955097. [PMID: 36545787 DOI: 10.1093/bib/bbac547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Genotype-by-environment interaction (GEI or GxE) plays an important role in understanding complex human traits. However, it is usually challenging to detect GEI signals efficiently and accurately while adjusting for population stratification and sample relatedness in large-scale genome-wide association studies (GWAS). Here we propose a fast and powerful linear mixed model-based approach, fastGWA-GE, to test for GEI effect and G + GxE joint effect. Our extensive simulations show that fastGWA-GE outperforms other existing GEI test methods by controlling genomic inflation better, providing larger power and running hundreds to thousands of times faster. We performed a fastGWA-GE analysis of ~7.27 million variants on 452 249 individuals of European ancestry for 13 quantitative traits and five environment variables in the UK Biobank GWAS data and identified 96 significant signals (72 variants across 57 loci) with GEI test P-values < 1 × 10-9, including 27 novel GEI associations, which highlights the effectiveness of fastGWA-GE in GEI signal discovery in large-scale GWAS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wujuan Zhong
- Biostatistics and Research Decision Sciences, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, NJ 07065, USA
| | - Aparna Chhibber
- Translational Bioinformatics, Bristol Myers Squibb, Lawrenceville, NJ 08540, USA
| | - Lan Luo
- Biostatistics and Research Decision Sciences, Merck & Co., Inc., North Wales, PA 19454, USA
| | - Devan V Mehrotra
- Biostatistics and Research Decision Sciences, Merck & Co., Inc., North Wales, PA 19454, USA
| | - Judong Shen
- Biostatistics and Research Decision Sciences, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, NJ 07065, USA
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4
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Li X, Zhang H, Wang Y, Li Y, Wang Y, Zhu J, Lin Y. Screening of key miRNAs related with the differentiation of subcutaneous adipocytes and the validation of miR-133a-3p functional significance in goats. Anim Biosci 2023; 36:144-155. [PMID: 35798040 PMCID: PMC9834647 DOI: 10.5713/ab.22.0121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Adipocyte differentiation is regulated by a variety of functional genes and noncoding RNAs. However, the role of miRNAs in lipid deposition of goat white adipose tissue is still unclear. Therefore, this study revealed the miRNA expression profile in goat subcutaneous adipocytes by sRNA-seq. METHODS The miRNA expressed in goat subcutaneous preadipocytes and the mature adipocytes were sequenced by sRNA-seq. The differentially expressed miRNAs (DEm) were screened and gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto encyclopedia for genes and genomes (KEGG) analyses were performed. Gain-of-function and loss-of-function combined with oil red O staining, Bodipy staining, and quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) were utilized to determine the effect of miR-133a-3p on adipocyte differentiation. RESULTS A total of 218 DEm were screened out. The target genes of these DEm were significantly enriched in GO items such as biological regulation and in KEGG terms such as FAK signaling pathway and MAPK signaling pathway. qPCR verified that the expression trend of miRNA was consistent with miRNA-seq. The gain-of-function or loss-of-function of miR-133a-3p showed that it promoted or inhibited the accumulation of lipid droplets, and CCAAT enhancer binding protein α (C/EBPα) and C/EBPβ were extremely significantly up-regulated or down-regulated respectively (p<0.01), the loss-of-function also led to a significant down-regulation of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) (p<0.01). CONCLUSION This study successfully identified miRNAs expression patterns in goat subcutaneous adipocytes, and functional identification indicates that miR-133a-3p is a positive regulator of the differentiation process of goat subcutaneous adipocytes. Our results lay the foundation for the molecular mechanism of lipid deposition in meat-source goats from the perspective of miRNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Li
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Protection and Utilization of Ministry of Education/Sichuan Province, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041,
China,College of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041,
China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Protection and Utilization of Ministry of Education/Sichuan Province, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041,
China,College of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041,
China
| | - Yong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Protection and Utilization of Ministry of Education/Sichuan Province, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041,
China,College of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041,
China
| | - Yanyan Li
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Protection and Utilization of Ministry of Education/Sichuan Province, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041,
China,College of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041,
China
| | - Youli Wang
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Protection and Utilization of Ministry of Education/Sichuan Province, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041,
China,College of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041,
China
| | - Jiangjiang Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Protection and Utilization of Ministry of Education/Sichuan Province, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041,
China,College of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041,
China
| | - Yaqiu Lin
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Protection and Utilization of Ministry of Education/Sichuan Province, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041,
China,College of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041,
China,Corresponding Author: Yaqiu Lin, Tel: +86-02885522310, Fax: +86-02885522310, E-mail:
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5
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Iamartino L, Brandi ML. The calcium-sensing receptor in inflammation: Recent updates. Front Physiol 2022; 13:1059369. [PMID: 36467702 PMCID: PMC9716066 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.1059369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The Calcium-Sensing Receptor (CaSR) is a member of the class C of G-proteins coupled receptors (GPCRs), it plays a pivotal role in calcium homeostasis by directly controlling calcium excretion in the kidneys and indirectly by regulating parathyroid hormone (PTH) release from the parathyroid glands. The CaSR is found to be ubiquitously expressed in the body, playing a plethora of additional functions spanning from fluid secretion, insulin release, neuronal development, vessel tone to cell proliferation and apoptosis, to name but a few. The present review aims to elucidate and clarify the emerging regulatory effects that the CaSR plays in inflammation in several tissues, where it mostly promotes pro-inflammatory responses, with the exception of the large intestine, where contradictory roles have been recently reported. The CaSR has been found to be expressed even in immune cells, where it stimulates immune response and chemokinesis. On the other hand, CaSR expression seems to be boosted under inflammatory stimulus, in particular, by pro-inflammatory cytokines. Because of this, the CaSR has been addressed as a key factor responsible for hypocalcemia and low levels of PTH that are commonly found in critically ill patients under sepsis or after burn injury. Moreover, the CaSR has been found to be implicated in autoimmune-hypoparathyroidism, recently found also in patients treated with immune-checkpoint inhibitors. Given the tight bound between the CaSR, calcium and vitamin D metabolism, we also speculate about their roles in the pathogenesis of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-19 (SARS-COVID-19) infection and their impact on patients' prognosis. We will further explore the therapeutic potential of pharmacological targeting of the CaSR for the treatment and management of aberrant inflammatory responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Iamartino
- Department of Experimental Clinical and Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Maria Luisa Brandi
- F.I.R.M.O. (Italian Foundation for the Research on Bone Diseases), Florence, Italy
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6
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Kenmochi M, Kawarasaki S, Takizawa S, Okamura K, Goto T, Uchida K. Involvement of mechano-sensitive Piezo1 channel in the differentiation of brown adipocytes. J Physiol Sci 2022; 72:13. [PMID: 35725398 PMCID: PMC10717802 DOI: 10.1186/s12576-022-00837-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Brown adipocytes expend energy via heat production and are a potential target for the prevention of obesity and related metabolic disorders. Piezo1 is a Ca2+-permeable non-selective cation channel activated by mechanical stimuli. Piezo1 is reported to be involved in mechano-sensation in non-sensory tissues. However, the expression and roles of Piezo1 in brown adipocytes have not been well clarified. Here, we generated a brown adipocyte line derived from UCP1-mRFP1 transgenic mice and showed that Piezo1 is expressed in pre-adipocytes. Application of Yoda-1, a Piezo1 agonist, suppressed brown adipocyte differentiation, and this suppression was significantly attenuated by treatment with a Piezo1 antagonist and by Piezo1 knockdown. Furthermore, the suppression of brown adipocyte differentiation by Yoda-1 was abolished by co-treatment with a calcineurin inhibitor. Thus, these results suggest that activation of Piezo1 suppresses brown adipocyte differentiation via the calcineurin pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manato Kenmochi
- Graduate School of Integrated Pharmaceutical and Nutritional Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, 422-8526, Japan
| | - Satoko Kawarasaki
- Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Uji, 611-0011, Japan
| | - Satsuki Takizawa
- Laboratory of Functional Physiology, Department of Environmental and Life Sciences, School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Yada 52-1, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, 422-8526, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Okamura
- Department of Morphological Biology, Fukuoka Dental College, Fukuoka, 814-0193, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Goto
- Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Uji, 611-0011, Japan
| | - Kunitoshi Uchida
- Graduate School of Integrated Pharmaceutical and Nutritional Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, 422-8526, Japan.
- Laboratory of Functional Physiology, Department of Environmental and Life Sciences, School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Yada 52-1, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, 422-8526, Japan.
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7
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Wang C, Zhang X, Luo L, Luo Y, Wu D, Spilca D, Le Q, Yang X, Alvarez K, Hines WC, Yang XO, Liu M. COX-2 Deficiency Promotes White Adipogenesis via PGE2-Mediated Paracrine Mechanism and Exacerbates Diet-Induced Obesity. Cells 2022; 11:1819. [PMID: 35681514 PMCID: PMC9180646 DOI: 10.3390/cells11111819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) plays a critical role in regulating innate immunity and metabolism by producing prostaglandins (PGs) and other lipid mediators. However, the implication of adipose COX-2 in obesity remains largely unknown. Using adipocyte-specific COX-2 knockout (KO) mice, we showed that depleting COX-2 in adipocytes promoted white adipose tissue development accompanied with increased size and number of adipocytes and predisposed diet-induced adiposity, obesity, and insulin resistance. The increased size and number of adipocytes by COX-2 KO were reversed by the treatment of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) but not PGI2 and PGD2 during adipocyte differentiation. PGE2 suppresses PPARγ expression through the PKA pathway at the early phase of adipogenesis, and treatment of PGE2 or PKA activator isoproterenol diminished the increased lipid droplets in size and number in COX-2 KO primary adipocytes. Administration of PGE2 attenuated increased fat mass and fat percentage in COX-2 deficient mice. Taken together, our study demonstrated the suppressing effect of adipocyte COX-2 on adipogenesis and reveals that COX-2 restrains adipose tissue expansion via the PGE2-mediated paracrine mechanism and prevents the development of obesity and related metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunqing Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA; (C.W.); (X.Z.); (L.L.); (Y.L.); (D.S.); (Q.L.); (X.Y.); (K.A.); (W.C.H.)
| | - Xing Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA; (C.W.); (X.Z.); (L.L.); (Y.L.); (D.S.); (Q.L.); (X.Y.); (K.A.); (W.C.H.)
| | - Liping Luo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA; (C.W.); (X.Z.); (L.L.); (Y.L.); (D.S.); (Q.L.); (X.Y.); (K.A.); (W.C.H.)
| | - Yan Luo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA; (C.W.); (X.Z.); (L.L.); (Y.L.); (D.S.); (Q.L.); (X.Y.); (K.A.); (W.C.H.)
| | - Dandan Wu
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA; (D.W.); (X.O.Y.)
| | - Dianna Spilca
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA; (C.W.); (X.Z.); (L.L.); (Y.L.); (D.S.); (Q.L.); (X.Y.); (K.A.); (W.C.H.)
| | - Que Le
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA; (C.W.); (X.Z.); (L.L.); (Y.L.); (D.S.); (Q.L.); (X.Y.); (K.A.); (W.C.H.)
| | - Xin Yang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA; (C.W.); (X.Z.); (L.L.); (Y.L.); (D.S.); (Q.L.); (X.Y.); (K.A.); (W.C.H.)
| | - Katelyn Alvarez
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA; (C.W.); (X.Z.); (L.L.); (Y.L.); (D.S.); (Q.L.); (X.Y.); (K.A.); (W.C.H.)
| | - William Curtis Hines
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA; (C.W.); (X.Z.); (L.L.); (Y.L.); (D.S.); (Q.L.); (X.Y.); (K.A.); (W.C.H.)
| | - Xuexian O. Yang
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA; (D.W.); (X.O.Y.)
- Autophagy Inflammation and Metabolism Center for Biomedical Research Excellence, School of Medicine, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
| | - Meilian Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA; (C.W.); (X.Z.); (L.L.); (Y.L.); (D.S.); (Q.L.); (X.Y.); (K.A.); (W.C.H.)
- Autophagy Inflammation and Metabolism Center for Biomedical Research Excellence, School of Medicine, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
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8
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Lee D, Kwak HJ, Kim BH, Kim SH, Kim DW, Kang KS. Combined Anti-Adipogenic Effects of Hispidulin and p-Synephrine on 3T3-L1 Adipocytes. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11121764. [PMID: 34944408 PMCID: PMC8698582 DOI: 10.3390/biom11121764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Hispidulin is abundant in Arrabidaea chica, Crossostephium chinense, and Grindelia argentina, among others. p-Synephrine is the main phytochemical constituent of Citrus aurantium. It has been used in combination with various other phytochemicals to determine synergistic effects in studies involving human participants. However, there have been no reports comparing the anti-adipogenic effects of the combination of hispidulin and p-synephrine. The current study explores the anti-adipogenic effects of hispidulin alone and in combination with p-synephrine in a murine preadipocyte cell line, 3T3-L1. Co-treatment resulted in a greater inhibition of the formation of red-labeled lipid droplets than the hispidulin or p-synephrine-alone treatments. Co-treatment with hispidulin and p-synephrine also significantly inhibited adipogenic marker proteins, including Akt, mitogen-activated protein kinases, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma, CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein alpha, glucocorticoid receptor, and CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein β. Although further studies are required to assess the effects of each drug on pharmacokinetic parameters, a combination treatment with hispidulin and p-synephrine may be a potential alternative strategy for developing novel anti-obesity drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dahae Lee
- College of Korean Medicine, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Korea; (D.L.); (S.H.K.)
| | - Hee Jae Kwak
- College of Pharmacy, Yonsei Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Yonsei University, Incheon 21983, Korea;
| | | | - Seung Hyun Kim
- College of Korean Medicine, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Korea; (D.L.); (S.H.K.)
| | - Dong-Wook Kim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Cheongju University, Cheongju 28530, Korea
- Correspondence: (D.-W.K.); (K.S.K.); Tel.: +82-43-229-7984 (D.-W.K.); +82-31-750-5402 (K.S.K.)
| | - Ki Sung Kang
- College of Korean Medicine, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Korea; (D.L.); (S.H.K.)
- Correspondence: (D.-W.K.); (K.S.K.); Tel.: +82-43-229-7984 (D.-W.K.); +82-31-750-5402 (K.S.K.)
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9
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Sundararaman SS, Peters LJF, Jansen Y, Gencer S, Yan Y, Nazir S, Bonnin Marquez A, Kahles F, Lehrke M, Biessen EAL, Jankowski J, Weber C, Döring Y, van der Vorst EPC. Adipocyte calcium sensing receptor is not involved in visceral adipose tissue inflammation or atherosclerosis development in hyperlipidemic Apoe -/- mice. Sci Rep 2021; 11:10409. [PMID: 34001955 PMCID: PMC8128899 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-89893-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The calcium sensing receptor (CaSR) is a G-protein coupled receptor that especially plays an important role in the sensing of extracellular calcium to maintain its homeostasis. Several in-vitro studies demonstrated that CaSR plays a role in adipose tissue metabolism and inflammation, resulting in systemic inflammation and contributing to atherosclerosis development. The aim of this study was to investigate whether adipocyte CaSR plays a role in adipose tissue inflammation in-vivo and atherosclerosis development. By using a newly established conditional mature adipocyte specific CaSR deficient mouse on a hyperlipidemic and atherosclerosis prone Apoe−/− background it could be shown that CaSR deficiency in adipocytes does neither contribute to initiation nor to progression of atherosclerotic plaques as judged by the unchanged lesion size or composition. Additionally, CaSR deficiency did not influence gonadal visceral adipose tissue (vAT) inflammation in-vivo, although a small decrease in gonadal visceral adipose cholesterol content could be observed. In conclusion, adipocyte CaSR seems not to be involved in vAT inflammation in-vivo and does not influence atherosclerosis development in hyperlipidemic Apoe−/− mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sai Sahana Sundararaman
- Interdisciplinary Center for Clinical Research (IZKF), RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstrasse 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany.,Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research (IMCAR), RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany.,Department of Pathology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Linsey J F Peters
- Interdisciplinary Center for Clinical Research (IZKF), RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstrasse 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany.,Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research (IMCAR), RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany.,Department of Pathology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Yvonne Jansen
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Selin Gencer
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Yi Yan
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Sumra Nazir
- Interdisciplinary Center for Clinical Research (IZKF), RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstrasse 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany.,Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research (IMCAR), RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany.,Department of Pathology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Andrea Bonnin Marquez
- Interdisciplinary Center for Clinical Research (IZKF), RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstrasse 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany.,Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research (IMCAR), RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany.,Department of Pathology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Florian Kahles
- Department of Internal Medicine I-Cardiology, University Hospital Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Michael Lehrke
- Department of Internal Medicine I-Cardiology, University Hospital Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Erik A L Biessen
- Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research (IMCAR), RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany.,Department of Pathology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Joachim Jankowski
- Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research (IMCAR), RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany.,Department of Pathology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Christian Weber
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany.,Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
| | - Yvonne Döring
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany.,Department of Angiology, Swiss Cardiovascular Center, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Emiel P C van der Vorst
- Interdisciplinary Center for Clinical Research (IZKF), RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstrasse 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany. .,Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research (IMCAR), RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany. .,Department of Pathology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands. .,Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany. .,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany.
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10
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Ma Z, Luo N, Liu L, Cui H, Li J, Xiang H, Kang H, Li H, Zhao G. Identification of the molecular regulation of differences in lipid deposition in dedifferentiated preadipocytes from different chicken tissues. BMC Genomics 2021; 22:232. [PMID: 33812382 PMCID: PMC8019497 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-021-07459-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A body distribution with high intramuscular fat and low abdominal fat is the ideal goal for broiler breeding. Preadipocytes with different origins have differences in terms of metabolism and gene expression. The transcriptome analysis performed in this study of intramuscular preadipocytes (DIMFPs) and adipose tissue-derived preadipocytes (DAFPs) aimed to explore the characteristics of lipid deposition in different chicken preadipocytes by dedifferentiation in vitro. RESULTS Compared with DAFPs, the total lipid content in DIMFPs was reduced (P < 0.05). Moreover, 72 DEGs related to lipid metabolism were screened, which were involved in adipocyte differentiation, fatty acid transport and fatty acid synthesis, lipid stabilization, and lipolysis. Among the 72 DEGs, 19 DEGs were enriched in the PPAR signaling pathway, indicating its main contribution to the regulation of the difference in lipid deposition between DAFPs and DIMFPs. Among these 19 genes, the representative APOA1, ADIPOQ, FABP3, FABP4, FABP7, HMGCS2, LPL and RXRG genes were downregulated, but the ACSL1, FABP5, PCK2, PDPK1, PPARG, SCD, SCD5, and SLC27A6 genes were upregulated (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01) in the DIMFPs. In addition, the well-known pathways affecting lipid metabolism (MAPK, TGF-beta and calcium) and the pathways related to cell communication were enriched, which may also contribute to the regulation of lipid deposition. Finally, the regulatory network for the difference in lipid deposition between chicken DAFPs and DIMFPs was proposed based on the above information. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggested a difference in lipid deposition between DIMFPs and DAFPs of chickens in vitro and proposed a molecular regulatory network for the difference in lipid deposition between chicken DAFPs and DIMFPs. The lipid content was significantly increased in DAFPs by the direct mediation of PPAR signaling pathways. These findings provide new insights into the regulation of tissue-specific fat deposition and the optimization of body fat distribution in broilers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Ma
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding, Foshan, 534861, China
| | - Na Luo
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences; State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Lu Liu
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences; State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Huanxian Cui
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences; State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Jing Li
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding, Foshan, 534861, China
| | - Hai Xiang
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding, Foshan, 534861, China
| | - Huimin Kang
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding, Foshan, 534861, China
| | - Hua Li
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding, Foshan, 534861, China.
| | - Guiping Zhao
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding, Foshan, 534861, China. .,Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences; State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Beijing, 100193, China.
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11
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Zhang Y, Zheng Y, Wang X, Qiu J, Liang C, Cheng G, Wang H, Zhao C, Yang W, Zan L, Li A. Bovine Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase 1 Promotes Adipogenesis by Activating the PPARγ Receptor. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:12058-12066. [PMID: 33052678 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c05147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (SCD1) is a rate-limiting enzyme that mainly catalyzes the saturated fatty acids (SFAs) into the monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs). The expression level of SCD1 is positively correlated with the marbling score. However, the functional mechanism of SCD1 in adipogenesis is still unclear. In this study, we identified SCD1 as highly expressed in subcutaneous and visceral fat, peaking at 2 days after differentiation in bovine stromal vascular fraction (SVF) cells. When the SCD1 was overexpressed in bovine SVF cells, lipid droplets accumulation was increased from 142.46 ± 21.77 to 254.89 ± 11.75 μg/mg (P < 0.01). Further, the expression levels of FABP4, FASN, and ACCα were increased (P < 0.01), while the expression of PPARγ or C/EBPα was not changed at mRNA or protein level (P > 0.05). Dual-luciferase reporter assay showed that the activity of the PPARγ receptor was enhanced by 3.69 times (P < 0.01). Moreover, the contents of palmitoleate (C16:1) and oleate (C18:1) were significantly increased (P < 0.05). Furthermore, 100 μM exogenous oleate increased the lipid accumulation by 22.28 times (P < 0.01). These results suggest that oleate is probably a strong ligand of the PPARγ receptor to enhance adipogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, P. R. China
| | - Yan Zheng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyu Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, P. R. China
| | - Ju Qiu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, P. R. China
| | - Chengcheng Liang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, P. R. China
| | - Gong Cheng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, P. R. China
- National Beef Cattle Improvement Center, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, P. R. China
| | - Hongbao Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, P. R. China
- National Beef Cattle Improvement Center, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, P. R. China
| | - Chunping Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, P. R. China
- National Beef Cattle Improvement Center, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, P. R. China
| | - Wucai Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, P. R. China
- National Beef Cattle Improvement Center, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, P. R. China
| | - Linsen Zan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, P. R. China
- National Beef Cattle Improvement Center, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, P. R. China
| | - Anning Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, P. R. China
- National Beef Cattle Improvement Center, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, P. R. China
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12
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D'Espessailles A, Santillana N, Sanhueza S, Fuentes C, Cifuentes M. Calcium sensing receptor activation in THP-1 macrophages triggers NLRP3 inflammasome and human preadipose cell inflammation. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2020; 501:110654. [PMID: 31734269 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2019.110654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Revised: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Excess adipose tissue (AT) associates with inflammation and obesity-related diseases. We studied whether calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR)-mediated NLRP3 inflammasome activation in THP-1 macrophages elevates inflammation in LS14 preadipocytes, modeling deleterious AT cell crosstalk. THP-1 macrophages exposed to cinacalcet (CaSR activator, 2 μM, 4 h) showed elevated proinflammatory marker and NLRP3 inflammasome mRNA, pro-IL-1β protein and caspase-1 activity, whereas preincubation with CaSR negative modulators prevented these effects. The key NLRP3 inflammasome component ASC was silenced (siRNA) in THP-1 cells, and inflammasome activation was evaluated (qPCR, Western blot, caspase-1 activity) or they were further cultured to obtain conditioned medium (CoM). Exposure of LS14 preadipocytes to CoM from cinacalcet-treated THP-1 elevated LS14 proinflammatory cytokine expression, which was abrogated by THP-1 inflammasome silencing. Thus, CaSR activation elevates THP-1-induced inflammation in LS14 preadipocytes, via macrophage NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Modulating CaSR activation may prevent deleterious proinflammatory cell crosstalk in AT, a promising approach in obesity-related metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda D'Espessailles
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, University of Chile, El Líbano 5524, Macul, Casilla 138-11, Santiago, Chile
| | - Natalia Santillana
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, University of Chile, El Líbano 5524, Macul, Casilla 138-11, Santiago, Chile
| | - Sofía Sanhueza
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, University of Chile, El Líbano 5524, Macul, Casilla 138-11, Santiago, Chile
| | - Cecilia Fuentes
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, University of Chile, El Líbano 5524, Macul, Casilla 138-11, Santiago, Chile
| | - Mariana Cifuentes
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, University of Chile, El Líbano 5524, Macul, Casilla 138-11, Santiago, Chile; Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas & Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, 8380492, Chile; Center for Exercise, Metabolism and Cancer (CEMC), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, 8380492, Chile.
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13
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Grzegorzewska AE, Frycz BA, Świderska M, Niepolski L, Mostowska A, Jagodziński PP. Calcium-sensing receptor gene (CASR) polymorphisms and CASR transcript level concerning dyslipidemia in hemodialysis patients: a cross-sectional study. BMC Nephrol 2019; 20:436. [PMID: 31775661 PMCID: PMC6882244 DOI: 10.1186/s12882-019-1619-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2019] [Accepted: 11/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is scarce data on CASR associations with dyslipidemia. We investigated in hemodialysis (HD) patients whether CASR single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) rs7652589 and rs1801725 have associations with dyslipidemia and show epistatic interactions with SNPs of the energy homeostasis-associated gene (ENHO), retinoid X receptor α gene (RXRA), and liver X receptor α gene (LXRA). METHODS The study included 1208 HD subjects. For diagnosis of dyslipidemia, both K/DOQI criteria and atherogenic index ≥3.8 were used. CASR rs1801725 was genotyped by TaqMan SNP Genotyping Assay, other SNPs - by high-resolution melting curve analysis or polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism, as appropriate. Relative transcript levels of CASR, ENHO, RXRA, and LXRA were measured in peripheral blood mononuclear cells. The occurrence of dyslipidemic phenotypes concerning tested polymorphisms was compared using models of inheritance. Haplotypes were estimated using the Haploview 4.2 software. Epistatic interactions between tested SNPs were analyzed using the logistic regression and epistasis option in the PLINK software. RESULTS Rs7652589 indicated a greater probability of atherogenic dyslipidemia in the dominant inheritance model (OR 1.4, 95%CI 1.0-2.0, P = 0.026), principally because of increased triglyceride (TG) levels. The rs1801725 variant allele was associated with a decreased probability of dyslipidemia characterized by non-HDL-cholesterol ≥130 mg/dL and TG ≥200 mg/dL (OR 0.6, 0.4-0.9, P = 0.012). There were no epistatic interactions between CASR and RXRA, LXRA, and ENHO regarding dyslipidemia. Both rs7652589 and rs1801725 SNPs were not in linkage disequilibrium (D' = 0.091, r2 = 0.003 for the entire HD group) and their haplotypes did not correlate with dyslipidemia. Relative CASR transcript was lower at a borderline significance level in patients harboring the rs1801725 variant allele compared with homozygotes of the major allele (0.20, 0.06-7.80 vs. 0.43, 0.04-5.06, P = 0.058). CASR transcript correlated positively with RXRA transcript (adjusted P = 0.001), LXRA transcript (adjusted P = 0.0009), ENHO transcript (borderline significance, adjusted P = 0.055), dry body weight (adjusted P = 0.035), and renal replacement therapy duration (adjusted P = 0.013). CONCLUSIONS CASR polymorphisms (rs7652589, rs1801725) are associated with dyslipidemia in HD patients. CASR correlates with RXRA, LXRA, and ENHO at the transcript level. Further investigations may elucidate whether other CASR SNPs contribute to associations shown in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicja E Grzegorzewska
- Department of Nephrology, Transplantology and Internal Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Przybyszewskiego 49, 60-355, Poznań, Poland.
| | - Bartosz A Frycz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Święcickiego 6, 60-781, Poznań, Poland
| | - Monika Świderska
- Department of Nephrology, Transplantology and Internal Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Przybyszewskiego 49, 60-355, Poznań, Poland
| | - Leszek Niepolski
- B.Braun Avitum Poland, Dialysis Center, Sienkiewicza 3, 64-300, Nowy Tomyśl, Poland
| | - Adrianna Mostowska
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Święcickiego 6, 60-781, Poznań, Poland
| | - Paweł P Jagodziński
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Święcickiego 6, 60-781, Poznań, Poland
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14
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Ju Y, Ren X, Zhao S. Distal C-terminus of Ca v 1.2 is indispensable for the chondrogenic differentiation of rat dental pulp stem cells. Cell Biol Int 2019; 44:512-523. [PMID: 31631478 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.11251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The α1 subunit (Cav1.2) of the L-type calcium channel (LTCC), which is presently existing in both excitatory cells and non-excitatory cells, is involved in the differentiation and proliferation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs), MSCs derived from dental pulp, exhibit multipotent characteristics similar to those of MSCs. The aim of the present study was to examine the contribution of Cav1.2 and its distal C-terminus (DCT) to the commitment of rat DPSCs (rDPSCs) toward chondrocytes and adipocytes in vitro. The expression of Cav1.2 was obviously elevated in chondrogenic differentiation but did not differ significantly in adipogenic differentiation. The chondrogenic differentiation but not adipogenic of rDPSCs was inhibited by either blocking LTCC using nimodipine or knockdown of Cav1.2 via short hairpin RNA (shRNA). Overexpression of DCT rescued the inhibition by Cav1.2-shRNA during chondrogenic differentiation, indicating that DCT is essential for the chondrogenic differentiation of rDPSCs. However, the protein level of DCT decreased after chondrogenic differentiation in wild-type cells, and overexpression of DCT in rDPSCs inhibited the phenotype. These data suggest that DCT is indispensable for chondrogenic differentiation of rDPSCs but that superfluous DCT inhibits this process. Through the analysis of differentially expressed genes using RNA-seq data, we speculated that the regulation of DCT might be mediated by the mitogen-activated protein kinase/extracellular-regulated kinase and c-Jun N-terminal kinase signaling pathways, or Chondromodulin-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanqin Ju
- Department of Stomatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, P.R. China
| | - Xudong Ren
- Department of Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, P.R. China
| | - Shouliang Zhao
- Department of Stomatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, P.R. China
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15
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Effect of Dietary Calcium on Adipogenesis Program and Its Role in Adipocyte Dysfunction in Male Wistar Rats. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s40011-019-01135-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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16
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The Nervous System Relevance of the Calcium Sensing Receptor in Health and Disease. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24142546. [PMID: 31336912 PMCID: PMC6680999 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24142546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2019] [Revised: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 07/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The calcium sensing receptor (CaSR) was first identified in parathyroid glands, and its primary role in controlling systemic calcium homeostasis by the regulation of parathyroid hormone (PTH) secretion has been extensively described in literature. Additionally, the receptor has also been investigated in cells and tissues not directly involved in calcium homeostasis, e.g., the nervous system (NS), where it plays crucial roles in early neural development for the differentiation of neurons and glial cells, as well as in the adult nervous system for synaptic transmission and plasticity. Advances in the knowledge of the CaSR's function in such physiological processes have encouraged researchers to further broaden the receptor's investigation in the neuro-pathological conditions of the NS. Interestingly, pre-clinical data suggest that receptor inhibition by calcilytics might be effective in counteracting the pathomechanism underlying Alzheimer's disease and ischemia, while a CaSR positive modulation with calcimimetics has been proposed as a potential approach for treating neuroblastoma. Importantly, such promising findings led to the repurposing of CaSR modulators as novel pharmacological alternatives for these disorders. Therefore, the aim of this review article is to critically appraise evidence which, so far, has been yielded from the investigation of the role of the CaSR in physiology of the nervous system and to focus on the most recent emerging concepts which have reported the receptor as a therapeutic target for neurodegeneration and neuroblastic tumors.
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17
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Calcium Signaling Pathways: Key Pathways in the Regulation of Obesity. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20112768. [PMID: 31195699 PMCID: PMC6600289 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20112768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Revised: 05/29/2019] [Accepted: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Nowadays, high epidemic obesity-triggered hypertension and diabetes seriously damage social public health. There is now a general consensus that the body's fat content exceeding a certain threshold can lead to obesity. Calcium ion is one of the most abundant ions in the human body. A large number of studies have shown that calcium signaling could play a major role in increasing energy consumption by enhancing the metabolism and the differentiation of adipocytes and reducing food intake through regulating neuronal excitability, thereby effectively decreasing the occurrence of obesity. In this paper, we review multiple calcium signaling pathways, including the IP3 (inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate)-Ca2+ (calcium ion) pathway, the p38-MAPK (mitogen-activated protein kinase) pathway, and the calmodulin binding pathway, which are involved in biological clock, intestinal microbial activity, and nerve excitability to regulate food intake, metabolism, and differentiation of adipocytes in mammals, resulting in the improvement of obesity.
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18
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Tan YQ, Kwan HY, Yao X, Leung LK. The activity of transient receptor potential channel C‐6 modulates the differentiation of fat cells. FASEB J 2019; 33:6526-6538. [DOI: 10.1096/fj.201801518rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Qin Tan
- School of Life SciencesFaculty of ScienceBaptist University Hong Kong China
| | - Hiu Yee Kwan
- School of Chinese MedicineBaptist University Hong Kong China
| | - Xiaoqiang Yao
- School of Biomedical SciencesFaculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China
| | - Lai K. Leung
- School of Life SciencesFaculty of ScienceBaptist University Hong Kong China
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19
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Zhang MQ, Gao JL, Liao XD, Huang TH, Zhang MN, Wang MQ, Tian Y, Bai J, Zhou CH. miR-454 regulates triglyceride synthesis in bovine mammary epithelial cells by targeting PPAR-γ. Gene 2018; 691:1-7. [PMID: 30599237 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2018.12.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Revised: 11/29/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Triglycerides account for 99% of milk fat and play a central role in determining dairy product quality. Many factors influence triglyceride synthesis and milk fat secretion. MicroRNAs have been verified to be involved in numerous biological processes, but little is known about their roles in milk fat biosynthesis. In this study, we aim to explore whether miR-454 could regulate triglyceride synthesis in bovine mammary epithelial cells (BMECs) by targeting PPAR-γ. A luciferase reporter assay showed that the predicted target site was correct and that miR-454 and PPAR-γ had a direct interaction. In addition, miR-454 mimics and inhibitors were transfected into BMECs. The results showed that both the mRNA and protein levels of PPAR-γ were negatively correlated with miR-454 expression. Fat droplet accumulation and triglyceride production were also inversely correlated with miR-454 expression. Our results indicate that miR-454 regulates triglyceride synthesis by directly targeting the PPAR-γ 3' UTR in BMECs, suggesting that miR-454 could potentially be a new factor to elevate dairy product quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Qi Zhang
- College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, Jilin, PR China
| | - Jun-Lei Gao
- College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, Jilin, PR China
| | - Xian-Dong Liao
- College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, Jilin, PR China
| | - Ting-Hao Huang
- College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, Jilin, PR China
| | - Mei-Na Zhang
- College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, Jilin, PR China
| | - Ming-Qi Wang
- College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, Jilin, PR China
| | - Yu Tian
- College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, Jilin, PR China
| | - Jian Bai
- College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, Jilin, PR China
| | - Chang-Hai Zhou
- College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, Jilin, PR China.
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Wang X, Gao L, Han Y, Xing M, Zhao C, Peng J, Chang J. Silicon-Enhanced Adipogenesis and Angiogenesis for Vascularized Adipose Tissue Engineering. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2018; 5:1800776. [PMID: 30479923 PMCID: PMC6247030 DOI: 10.1002/advs.201800776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2018] [Revised: 08/30/2018] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The enhancement of adipogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) and sufficient vascularization remain great challenges for the successful reconstruction of engineered adipose tissue. Here, the bioactive effects of silicon (Si) ions on adipogenic differentiation of human BMSCs (HBMSCs) and the stimulation of vascularization during adipose tissue regeneration are reported. The results show that Si ions can enhance adipogenic differentiation of HBMSCs through the stimulation of the expression of adipogenic differentiation switches such as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ and CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein α. Furthermore, Si ions can enhance both angiogenesis and adipogenesis, and inhibit dedifferentiation of cocultured adipocytes by regulating the interactions between HBMSC-derived adipocytes and human umbilical vein endothelial cells, in which the promotion of the expression of insulin-like growth factor 1 and vascular endothelial growth factor plays vital roles. The in vivo studies further demonstrate that the designed composite hydrogel with the ability to release bioactive Si ions clearly stimulates neovascularization and adipose tissue regeneration. The study suggests that Si ions released from biomaterials are important chemical cues for adipogenic differentiation and biomaterials with the ability to release Si ions can be designed for adipose tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoya Wang
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine MicrostructureShanghai Institute of CeramicsChinese Academy of Sciences1295 Dingxi RoadShanghai200050P. R. China
| | - Long Gao
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine MicrostructureShanghai Institute of CeramicsChinese Academy of Sciences1295 Dingxi RoadShanghai200050P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences19 Yuquan RoadBeijing100049P. R. China
| | - Yan Han
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine MicrostructureShanghai Institute of CeramicsChinese Academy of Sciences1295 Dingxi RoadShanghai200050P. R. China
| | - Min Xing
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine MicrostructureShanghai Institute of CeramicsChinese Academy of Sciences1295 Dingxi RoadShanghai200050P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences19 Yuquan RoadBeijing100049P. R. China
| | - Cancan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine MicrostructureShanghai Institute of CeramicsChinese Academy of Sciences1295 Dingxi RoadShanghai200050P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences19 Yuquan RoadBeijing100049P. R. China
| | - Jinliang Peng
- School of PharmacyShanghai Jiao Tong University800 Dongchuan RoadShanghai200240P. R. China
| | - Jiang Chang
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine MicrostructureShanghai Institute of CeramicsChinese Academy of Sciences1295 Dingxi RoadShanghai200050P. R. China
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Al-Anazi A, Parhar R, Saleh S, Al-Hijailan R, Inglis A, Al-Jufan M, Bazzi M, Hashmi S, Conca W, Collison K, Al-Mohanna F. Intracellular calcium and NF- kB regulate hypoxia-induced leptin, VEGF, IL-6 and adiponectin secretion in human adipocytes. Life Sci 2018; 212:275-284. [PMID: 30308181 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2018.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2018] [Revised: 09/19/2018] [Accepted: 10/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Hypoxia-induced adipokine release has been attributed mainly to HIF-1α. Here we investigate the role of intracellular calcium and NF-kB in the hypoxia-dependent release of leptin, VEGF, IL-6 and the hypoxia-induced inhibition of adiponectin release in human adipocytes. MAIN METHODS We used intracellular calcium imaging to compare calcium status in preadipocytes and in adipocytes. We subjected both cell types to hypoxic conditions and measured the release of adipokines induced by hypoxia in the presence and absence of HIF-1α inhibitor YC-1, NF-κB inhibitor SN50 and intracellular calcium chelator BAPTA-AM. KEY FINDINGS We demonstrate reduced intracellular calcium oscillations and increased oxidative stress as the cells transitioned from preadipocytes to adipocytes. We show that differentiation of preadipocytes to adipocytes is associated with distinct morphological changes in the mitochondria. We also show that hypoxia-induced secretion of leptin, VEGF, IL-6 and hypoxia-induced inhibition of adiponectin secretion are independent of HIF-1α expression. The hypoxia-induced leptin, VEGF and IL-6 release are [Ca++]i dependent whereas adiponectin is NF-kB dependent. SIGNIFICANCE Our work suggests a major role for [Ca++]i in preadipocyte differentiation to adipocytes and that changes in mitochondrial morphology in the adipocytes might underlie the reduced calcium oscillations observed in the adipocytes. It also demonstrates that multiple signaling pathways are associated with the hypoxia-induced adipokine secretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azizah Al-Anazi
- Department of Cell Biology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ranjit Parhar
- Department of Cell Biology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Soad Saleh
- Department of Cell Biology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Reem Al-Hijailan
- Department of Cell Biology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Angela Inglis
- Department of Cell Biology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mansour Al-Jufan
- Heart Centre, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Bazzi
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 12372, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sarwar Hashmi
- Developmental Biology, Center for Vector Biology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, United States
| | - Walter Conca
- Department of Cell Biology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia; Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia; College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kate Collison
- Department of Cell Biology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Futwan Al-Mohanna
- Department of Cell Biology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia; College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia.
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Bishnoi M, Khare P, Brown L, Panchal SK. Transient receptor potential (TRP) channels: a metabolic TR(i)P to obesity prevention and therapy. Obes Rev 2018; 19:1269-1292. [PMID: 29797770 DOI: 10.1111/obr.12703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2018] [Revised: 03/26/2018] [Accepted: 04/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Cellular transport of ions, especially by ion channels, regulates physiological function. The transient receptor potential (TRP) channels, with 30 identified so far, are cation channels with high calcium permeability. These ion channels are present in metabolically active tissues including adipose tissue, liver, gastrointestinal tract, brain (hypothalamus), pancreas and skeletal muscle, which suggests a potential role in metabolic disorders including obesity. TRP channels have potentially important roles in adipogenesis, obesity development and its prevention and therapy because of their physiological properties including calcium permeability, thermosensation and taste perception, involvement in cell metabolic signalling and hormone release. This wide range of actions means that organ-specific actions are unlikely, thus increasing the possibility of adverse effects. Delineation of responses to TRP channels has been limited by the poor selectivity of available agonists and antagonists. Food constituents that can modulate TRP channels are of interest in controlling metabolic status. TRP vanilloid 1 channels modulated by capsaicin have been the most studied, suggesting that this may be the first target for effective pharmacological modulation in obesity. This review shows that most of the TRP channels are potential targets to reduce metabolic disorders through a range of mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Bishnoi
- Department of Food and Nutritional Biotechnology, National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute, S.A.S. Nagar (Mohali), Punjab, India.,Functional Foods Research Group, Institute for Agriculture and the Environment, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, QLD, Australia
| | - P Khare
- Department of Food and Nutritional Biotechnology, National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute, S.A.S. Nagar (Mohali), Punjab, India
| | - L Brown
- Functional Foods Research Group, Institute for Agriculture and the Environment, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, QLD, Australia.,School of Health and Wellbeing, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, QLD, Australia
| | - S K Panchal
- Functional Foods Research Group, Institute for Agriculture and the Environment, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, QLD, Australia
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Abstract
Differentiation process of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) into adipocyte is involved in obesity. Multiple factors such as Ca2+ play important roles in different stages of this process. Because of the complicated roles of Ca2+ in adipogenesis, the aim of present investigation was to study the influx and efflux of Ca2+ into and out of the cells during adipogenesis. Adipose-derived MSCs were used to differentiate into adipocytes. MSCs were exposed to 2.5 mM Ca2+ or 1.8 mM Ca2+ plus calcium ionophore, A23187, for 3 days. Lipid staining, triglycerides (TG) content, and glyceraldehyde phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) activity were evaluated to confirm the efficiency of the differentiation. Gene expression of GLUT4, PPARγ2, RAR-α, and calreticulin, as well as the protein levels of GLUT4 and PPARγ2 were determined. Ca2+ and in particular Ca2+ plus A23187 significantly lowered the efficiency of differentiation accompanied by decrease in intracellular TG deposits, GAPDH activity and alleviation of gene, and protein levels of GLUT4 and PPARγ2. While calreticulin and RAR-α were remarkably upregulated in A23187 group. This study showed the inhibitory effects of calcium in adipogenesis. Additionally, it indicated the greater inhibitory effect of calreticulin and RAR-α in controlling adipogenesis by higher levels of calcium.
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LPS-induced reduction of triglyceride synthesis and secretion in dairy cow mammary epithelial cells via decreased SREBP1 expression and activity. J DAIRY RES 2018; 85:439-444. [DOI: 10.1017/s0022029918000547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Sterol regulatory element binding protein 1 (SREBP1) has a central regulatory effect on milk fat synthesis. Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) can induce mastitis and cause milk fat depression in cows. SREBP1 is also known to be associated with inflammatory regulation. Thus, in the current study, we hypothesized that LPS-induced milk fat depression in dairy cow mammary epithelial cells (DCMECs) operates via decreased SREBP1 expression and activity. To examine the hypothesis, DCMECs were isolated and purified from dairy cow mammary tissue and treated with LPS (10 µg/ml). LPS treatment of DCMECs suppressed lipid-metabolism-related transcription factor SREBP1 mRNA expression, nuclear translocation and protein expression, leading to reduced triglyceride content. The transcription levels of acetyl-CoA carboxylase-1 and fatty acid synthetase were significantly down-regulated in DCMECs after LPS treatment, suggesting that acetyl-CoA carboxylase-1 and fatty acid synthetase involved in de novo milk fat synthesis was regulated by SREBP1. In summary, these results suggest that LPS induces milk fat depression in dairy cow mammary epithelial cells via decreased expression of SREBP1 in a time-dependent manner.
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Goudarzi F, Sarveazad A, Mahmoudi M, Mohammadalipour A, Chahardoli R, Malekshah OM, Karimi Gorgani S, Saboor-Yaraghi AA. Combined effect of retinoic acid and calcium on the in vitro differentiation of human adipose-derived stem cells to adipocytes. Arch Physiol Biochem 2018; 124:109-118. [PMID: 28850272 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2017.1367009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT It has been shown that adipogenesis can be modulated by factors such as all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) and calcium. OBJECTIVE To determine, the combined effect of ATRA and calcium on the differentiation of human adipose-derived stem cells (hADSCs). METHODS Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were differentiated into the adipocytes by 0.5 and 1 µM of ATRA and 5 and 10 mM calcium separately or in combination. After MTS assay the differentiation of MSCs to adipocyte was evaluated, Oil Red O staining, GLUT4 concentration and gene expression of PPARG2, adiponectin, and GLUT4 were measured by Real-Time PCR. RESULTS Except 10 mM calcium treated group, other groups and more significantly combination treatments could reduce all adipocyte markers compared to the control. CONCLUSION These results suggest that ATRA and calcium together have significant inhibitory effect on adipogenesis that can be helpful for finding new mechanisms to prevent or control the adipogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farjam Goudarzi
- a Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine , Hamadan University of Medical Sciences , Hamadan , Iran
| | - Arash Sarveazad
- b Colorectal Research Center , Iran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran
| | - Maryam Mahmoudi
- c Department of Cellular Molecular Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics , Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran
| | - Adel Mohammadalipour
- a Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine , Hamadan University of Medical Sciences , Hamadan , Iran
| | - Reza Chahardoli
- c Department of Cellular Molecular Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics , Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran
| | - Obeid M Malekshah
- d Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy , Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey , Piscataway , NJ , USA
| | - Shiva Karimi Gorgani
- e Health Information Management Department , Paramedical School, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences , Kermanshah , Iran
| | - Ali Akbar Saboor-Yaraghi
- f Department of Immunology, School of Public Health , Tehran University of Medical sciences , Tehran , Iran
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Hashimoto R, Katoh Y, Miyamoto Y, Nakamura K, Itoh S, Daida H, Nakazato Y, Okada T. High extracellular Ca 2+ enhances the adipocyte accumulation of bone marrow stromal cells through a decrease in cAMP. Cell Calcium 2017; 67:74-80. [PMID: 29029793 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2017.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2017] [Revised: 07/28/2017] [Accepted: 08/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) are common progenitors of both adipocytes and osteoblasts. We recently suggested that increased [Ca2+]o caused by bone resorption might accelerate adipocyte accumulation in response to treatment with both insulin and dexamethasone. In this study, we investigated the mechanism by which high [Ca2+]o enhances adipocyte accumulation. We used primary mouse BMSCs and evaluated the levels of adipocyte accumulation by measuring Oil Red O staining. CaSR agonists (both Ca2+ and Sr2+) enhanced the accumulation of adipocytes among BMSCs in response to treatment with both insulin and dexamethasone. We showed that high [Ca2+]o decreases the concentration of cAMP using ELISA. Real-time RT-PCR revealed that increasing the intracellular concentration of cAMP (both chemical inducer (1μM forskolin and 200nM IBMX) and a cAMP analog (10μM pCPT-cAMP)) suppressed the expression of PPARγ and C/EBPα. In addition, forskolin, IBMX, and pCPT-cAMP inhibited the enhancement in adipocyte accumulation under high [Ca2+]o in BMSCs. However, this inhibited effect was not observed in BMSCs that were cultured in a basal concentration of [Ca2+]o. We next observed that the accumulation of adipocytes in the of bone marrow of middle-aged mice (25-40 weeks old) is higher than that of young mice (6 weeks old) based on micro CT. ELISA results revealed that the concentration of cAMP in the bone marrow mononuclear cells of middle-aged mice is lower than that of young mice. These data suggest that increased [Ca2+]o caused by bone resorption might accelerate adipocyte accumulation through CaSR following a decrease in cAMP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryota Hashimoto
- Department of Physiology, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, Hongo 2-1-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan.
| | - Youichi Katoh
- Juntendo University Faculty of International Liberal Arts, Hongo 2-1-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 112-8421, Japan; Department of Cardiology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Hongo 2-1-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan.
| | - Yuki Miyamoto
- Juntendo University Faculty of Health Care and Nursing, Takasu 2-5-1, Urayasu-shi, Chiba 279-0023, Japan
| | - Kyoko Nakamura
- Department of Physiology, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, Hongo 2-1-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Seigo Itoh
- Department of Cardiology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Hongo 2-1-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Daida
- Department of Cardiology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Hongo 2-1-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Yuji Nakazato
- Center for Environmental Research, Department of Cardiology, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine Urayasu Hospital, Tomioka 2-1-1, Urayasu-shi, Chiba 279-0022, Japan
| | - Takao Okada
- Department of Physiology, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, Hongo 2-1-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
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Bravo-Sagua R, Mattar P, Díaz X, Lavandero S, Cifuentes M. Calcium Sensing Receptor as a Novel Mediator of Adipose Tissue Dysfunction: Mechanisms and Potential Clinical Implications. Front Physiol 2016; 7:395. [PMID: 27660614 PMCID: PMC5014866 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2016.00395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2016] [Accepted: 08/24/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is currently a serious worldwide public health problem, reaching pandemic levels. For decades, dietary and behavioral approaches have failed to prevent this disease from expanding, and health authorities are challenged by the elevated prevalence of co-morbid conditions. Understanding how obesity-associated diseases develop from a basic science approach is recognized as an urgent task to face this growing problem. White adipose tissue (WAT) is an active endocrine organ, with a crucial influence on whole-body homeostasis. WAT dysfunction plays a key role linking obesity with its associated diseases such as type 2 diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, and some cancers. Among the regulators of WAT physiology, the calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) has arisen as a potential mediator of WAT dysfunction. Expression of the receptor has been described in human preadipocytes, adipocytes, and the human adipose cell lines LS14 and SW872. The evidence suggests that CaSR activation in the visceral (i.e., unhealthy) WAT is associated with an increased proliferation of adipose progenitor cells and elevated adipocyte differentiation. In addition, exposure of adipose cells to CaSR activators in vitro elevates proinflammatory cytokine expression and secretion. An increased proinflammatory environment in WAT plays a key role in the development of WAT dysfunction that leads to peripheral organ fat deposition and insulin resistance, among other consequences. We propose that CaSR may be one relevant therapeutic target in the struggle to confront the health consequences of the current worldwide obesity pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Bravo-Sagua
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, University of ChileSantiago, Chile; Faculty of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Faculty of Medicine, Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases and Center for Molecular Studies of the Cell, University of ChileSantiago, Chile
| | - Pamela Mattar
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, University of ChileSantiago, Chile; Faculty of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Faculty of Medicine, Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases and Center for Molecular Studies of the Cell, University of ChileSantiago, Chile
| | - Ximena Díaz
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, University of Chile Santiago, Chile
| | - Sergio Lavandero
- Faculty of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Faculty of Medicine, Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases and Center for Molecular Studies of the Cell, University of ChileSantiago, Chile; Cardiology Division, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical CenterDallas, TX, USA
| | - Mariana Cifuentes
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, University of Chile Santiago, Chile
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Jang YJ, Jung CH, Ahn J, Gwon SY, Ha TY. Shikonin inhibits adipogenic differentiation via regulation of mir-34a-FKBP1B. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2015; 467:941-7. [PMID: 26471303 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2015.10.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2015] [Accepted: 10/08/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Shikonin is a naturally occurring naphthoquinone pigment and a major constituent present in Lithospermum erythrorhizon. Since microRNAs (miRNAs) are one of the key post-transcriptional regulators of adipogenesis, their manipulation represents a potential new strategy to inhibit adipogenesis. Our aim was to investigate shikonin-dependent inhibition of adipogenesis with an emphasis on miRNA-related processes. Mir-34a increased during induced adipogenesis, and this was suppressed in the presence of shikonin. mRNA expression of FKBP1B, a suggested target of mir-34a according to bioinformatics studies, decreased during adipogenesis, but was recovered by shikonin treatment, which reversely correlated with mir-34a expression. A mir-34a inhibitor suppressed MDI-induced adipogenesis by blocking PPARγ and C/EBPα expression, while suppression of mir-34a recovered MDI-induced down-regulation of FKBP1B expression. A mir-34a mimic decreased FKBP1B mRNA expression in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. We also observed that mir-34a bound directly to the 3'-untranslated region of FKBP1B. Finally, FKBP1B overexpression attenuated MDI-induced adipogenesis, PPARγ, and C/EBPα expression. These results suggest that mir-34a regulates adipogenesis by targeting FKBP1B expression. Our findings reveal that shikonin prevents adipogenesis by blocking the mir-34a-FKBP1B pathway which represents a promising potential target for preventing obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Jin Jang
- Metabolic Mechanism Research Group, Korea Food Research Institute, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Hwa Jung
- Metabolic Mechanism Research Group, Korea Food Research Institute, Seongnam, Republic of Korea; Division of Food Biotechnology, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiyun Ahn
- Metabolic Mechanism Research Group, Korea Food Research Institute, Seongnam, Republic of Korea; Division of Food Biotechnology, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - So Young Gwon
- Metabolic Mechanism Research Group, Korea Food Research Institute, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Youl Ha
- Metabolic Mechanism Research Group, Korea Food Research Institute, Seongnam, Republic of Korea; Division of Food Biotechnology, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
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Zhu L, Han MB, Gao Y, Wang H, Dai L, Wen Y, Na LX. Curcumin triggers apoptosis via upregulation of Bax/Bcl-2 ratio and caspase activation in SW872 human adipocytes. Mol Med Rep 2015; 12:1151-6. [PMID: 25760477 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2015.3450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2014] [Accepted: 02/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Induction of adipocyte apoptosis has been postulated as a novel strategy with which to treat obesity. The effects of curcumin, a polyphenol compound, on the apoptotic signaling pathway in SW872 adipocytes were investigated in the present study. The results showed that cell viability decreased following curcumin treatment in a time- and dose-dependent manner. The results from a single-stranded DNA ELISA assay indicated that curcumin causes the number of apoptotic cells to increase in a concentration-dependent manner. In addition, curcumin treatment resulted in an increased expression of Bax, and a decrease in that of of Bcl-2, with a concomitant upregulation of the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio. Curcumin treatment also led to the release of cytochrome c from mitochondria into the cytosol. Similarly, caspase-dependent poly (ADP) ribose polymerase (PARP) cleavage by curcumin was observed in the current study. In conclusion the results indicate that curcumin is an effective therapeutic agent with which to induce apoptosis in adipocytes. This effect is, in part, mediated through the mitochondrial pathway, which involves upregulation of the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, cytochrome c release, activation of caspase-3 and the cleavage of PARP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zhu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Nangang, Harbin 150086, P.R. China
| | - Ming Bao Han
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Nangang, Harbin 150086, P.R. China
| | - Yuan Gao
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Nangang, Harbin 150086, P.R. China
| | - Huan Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Nangang, Harbin 150086, P.R. China
| | - Ling Dai
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Nangang, Harbin 150086, P.R. China
| | - Ying Wen
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Nangang, Harbin 150086, P.R. China
| | - Li Xin Na
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Nangang, Harbin 150086, P.R. China
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Calcium-sensing receptor-mediated osteogenic and early-stage neurogenic differentiation in umbilical cord matrix mesenchymal stem cells from a large animal model. PLoS One 2014; 9:e111533. [PMID: 25379789 PMCID: PMC4224416 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0111533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2013] [Accepted: 10/03/2014] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Umbilical cord matrix mesenchymal stem cells (UCM-MSCs) present a wide range of potential therapeutical applications. The extracellular calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) regulates physiological and pathological processes. We investigated, in a large animal model, the involvement of CaSR in triggering osteogenic and neurogenic differentiation of two size-sieved UCM-MSC lines, by using AMG641, a novel potent research calcimimetic acting as CaSR agonist. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS Large (>8 µm in diameter) and small (<8 µm) equine UCM-MSC lines were cultured in medium with high calcium (Ca2+) concentration ([Ca2+]o; 2.87 mM) and dose-response effects of AMG641 (0.01 to 3µM) on cell proliferation were evaluated. Both cell lines were then cultured in osteogenic or neurogenic differentiation medium containing: 1) low [Ca2+]o (0.37 mM); 2) high [Ca2+]o (2.87 mM); 3) AMG641 (0.05, 0.1 or 1 µM) with high [Ca2+]o and 4) the CaSR antagonist NPS2390 (10 mM for 30 min) followed by incubation with AMG641 in high [Ca2+]o. Expression of osteogenic or neurogenic differentiation biomarkers was compared among groups. In both cell lines, AMG641 dose-dependently increased cell proliferation (up to P<0.001). Osteogenic molecular markers expression was differentially regulated by AMG641, with stimulatory (OPN up-regulation) in large or inhibitory (RUNX2 and OPN down-regulation) effects in small cells, respectively. AMG641 significantly increased alkaline phosphatase activity and calcium phosphate deposition in both cell lines. Following treatment with AMG641 during osteogenic differentiation, in both cell lines CaSR expression was inversely related to that of osteogenic markers and inhibition of CaSR by NPS2390 blocked AMG641-dependent responses. Early-stage neurogenic differentiation was promoted/triggered by AMG641 in both cell lines, as Nestin and CaSR mRNA transcription up-regulation were observed. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE Calcium- and AMG641-induced CaSR stimulation promoted in vitro proliferation and osteogenic and early-stage neurogenic differentiation of UCM-MSCs. CaSR activation may play a fundamental role in selecting specific differentiation checkpoints of these two differentiation routes, as related to cell commitment status.
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Leach K, Sexton PM, Christopoulos A, Conigrave AD. Engendering biased signalling from the calcium-sensing receptor for the pharmacotherapy of diverse disorders. Br J Pharmacol 2014; 171:1142-55. [PMID: 24111791 DOI: 10.1111/bph.12420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2013] [Revised: 08/22/2013] [Accepted: 08/26/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The human calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) is widely expressed in the body, where its activity is regulated by multiple orthosteric and endogenous allosteric ligands. Each ligand stabilizes a unique subset of conformational states, which enables the CaSR to couple to distinct intracellular signalling pathways depending on the extracellular milieu in which it is bathed. Differential signalling arising from distinct receptor conformations favoured by each ligand is referred to as biased signalling. The outcome of CaSR activation also depends on the cell type in which it is expressed. Thus, the same ligand may activate diverse pathways in distinct cell types. Given that the CaSR is implicated in numerous physiological and pathophysiological processes, it is an ideal target for biased ligands that could be rationally designed to selectively regulate desired signalling pathways in preferred cell types.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Leach
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Vic., Australia
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Bhat M, Noolu B, Qadri SSYH, Ismail A. Vitamin D deficiency decreases adiposity in rats and causes altered expression of uncoupling proteins and steroid receptor coactivator3. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2014; 144 Pt B:304-12. [PMID: 25132457 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2014.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2014] [Revised: 08/01/2014] [Accepted: 08/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The vitamin D endocrine system is functional in the adipose tissue, as demonstrated in vitro, in cultured adipocytes, and in vivo in mutant mice that developed altered lipid metabolism and fat storage in the absence of either 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1,25(OH)2D3] or the vitamin D receptor. The aim of the present study was to examine the role of vitamin D and calcium on body adiposity in a diet-induced vitamin D deficient rat model. Vitamin D-deficient rats gained less weight and had lower amounts of visceral fat. Consistent with reduced adipose tissue mass, the vitamin D-deficient rats had low circulating levels of leptin, which reflects body fat stores. Expression of vitamin D and calcium sensing receptors, and that of genes involved in adipogenesis such as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor, fatty acid synthase and leptin were significantly reduced in white adipose tissue of deficient rats compared to vitamin D-sufficient rats. Furthermore, the expression of uncoupling proteins (Ucp1 and Ucp2) was elevated in the white adipose tissue of the deficient rat indicative of higher energy expenditure, thereby leading to a lean phenotype. Expression of the p160 steroid receptor coactivator3 (SRC3), a key regulator of adipogenesis in white adipose tissue was decreased in vitamin D-deficient state. Interestingly, most of the changes observed in vitamin D deficient rats were corrected by calcium supplementation alone. Our data demonstrates that dietary vitamin D and calcium regulate adipose tissue function and metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bindu Noolu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hyderabad, India
| | - Syed S Y H Qadri
- Department of Pathology, National Institute of Nutrition, Hyderabad, India
| | - Ayesha Ismail
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hyderabad, India.
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Villarroel P, Villalobos E, Reyes M, Cifuentes M. Calcium, obesity, and the role of the calcium-sensing receptor. Nutr Rev 2014; 72:627-37. [DOI: 10.1111/nure.12135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Pia Villarroel
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology; Universidad de Chile; Santiago Chile
| | - Elisa Villalobos
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology; Universidad de Chile; Santiago Chile
| | - Marcela Reyes
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology; Universidad de Chile; Santiago Chile
| | - Mariana Cifuentes
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology; Universidad de Chile; Santiago Chile
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34
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Adipogenic effect of calcium sensing receptor activation. Mol Cell Biochem 2013; 384:139-45. [DOI: 10.1007/s11010-013-1791-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2013] [Accepted: 08/23/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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He Y, Perry B, Bi M, Sun H, Zhao T, Li Y, Sun C. Allosteric regulation of the calcium-sensing receptor in obese individuals. Int J Mol Med 2013; 32:511-8. [PMID: 23740560 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2013.1408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2013] [Accepted: 05/24/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
We have previously reported that the calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) plays an important role in modulating lipid metabolism under low calcium conditions. The aim of this study was to identify possible regulators of CaSR and the mechanisms of action of CaSR in obese individuals. Subcutaneous fat samples were obtained from 10 obese and 10 non-obese males undergoing elective abdominal surgery. Visceral fat pads were obtained from 12 obese and 12 non-obese male rats. Serum lipid, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) concentrations, as well as the gene and protein expression of CaSR in the white adipose tissue of obese subjects and rats were determined. Serum total calcium, vitamin D, parathyroid hormone (PTH) and amino acid levels in human subjects were measured. Intracellular calcium and cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) levels in rat adipocytes were measured by laser scanning confocal microscopy and ELISA, respectively. The results revealed that serum triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), TNF-α, IL-6 and PTH levels were significantly higher in the obese individuals versus the controls. By contrast, serum vitamin D and amino acid concentrations were lower in the obese individuals versus the controls. In addition, intracellular calcium levels were higher, while cAMP levels were lower in the obese rat adipocytes compared with the control group. However, the gene and protein expression of CaSR in white adipose tissue did not differ between the obese groups and the controls. Thus, these results suggest that CaSR functions not through its expression, but rather through allosteric regulation in obese individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonghan He
- National Key Discipline of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Public Health College, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, P.R. China
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36
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Bishnoi M, Kiran Kondepudi K, Gupta A, Karmase A, Boparai RK. Expression of multiple Transient Receptor Potential channel genes in murine 3T3-L1 cell lines and adipose tissue. Pharmacol Rep 2013; 65:751-5. [DOI: 10.1016/s1734-1140(13)71055-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2012] [Revised: 12/28/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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37
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Bishnoi M, Kondepudi KK, Baboota RK, Dubey R, Boparai RK. Role of transient receptor potential channels in adipocyte biology. Expert Rev Endocrinol Metab 2013; 8:173-182. [PMID: 30736177 DOI: 10.1586/eem.13.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
The transient receptor potential (TRP) channel superfamily is a family of 28 nonselective cation channels expressed on the plasma membrane with a high permeability to calcium. Role of TRP channels, especially TRP vanilloid 1, TRP ankyrin 1 and TRP melastatin 8, is widely documented in nociception. During the last few years, there has been a consistent increase in reports indicating the presence and significance of these channels in different tissues including bladder, skin, respiratory system and brain. Based on calcium permeability of these channels and the much published role of calcium and its signaling in adipogenesis, there is a potential for importance of these ion channels in adipocyte biology. This review provides insight into the involvement of TRP channels in adipocyte differentiation, obesity and associated complications. Furthermore, the authors will focus to evaluate these channels as potential therapeutic targets for the management of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahendra Bishnoi
- a National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute (NABI), C-127, Industrial Area, Phase VIII, SAS Nagar, Punjab 160071, India
- c National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute (NABI), C-127, Industrial Area, Phase VIII, SAS Nagar, Punjab 160071, India.
| | - Kanthi K Kondepudi
- a National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute (NABI), C-127, Industrial Area, Phase VIII, SAS Nagar, Punjab 160071, India
| | - Ritesh K Baboota
- a National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute (NABI), C-127, Industrial Area, Phase VIII, SAS Nagar, Punjab 160071, India
| | - Ramakant Dubey
- a National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute (NABI), C-127, Industrial Area, Phase VIII, SAS Nagar, Punjab 160071, India
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A calcium-induced signaling cascade leading to osteogenic differentiation of human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells. Biomaterials 2012; 33:3205-15. [PMID: 22285104 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2012.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 324] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2011] [Accepted: 01/09/2012] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The response of osteoprogenitors to calcium (Ca(2+)) is of primary interest for both normal bone homeostasis and the clinical field of bone regeneration. The latter makes use of calcium phosphate-based bone void fillers to heal bone defects, but it is currently not known how Ca(2+) released from these ceramic materials influences cells in situ. Here, we have created an in vitro environment with high extracellular Ca(2+) concentration and investigated the response of human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (hMSCs) to it. Ca(2+) enhanced proliferation and morphological changes in hMSCs. Moreover, the expression of osteogenic genes is highly increased. A 3-fold up-regulation of BMP-2 is observed after only 6h and pharmaceutical interference with a number of proteins involved in Ca(2+) sensing showed that not the calcium sensing receptor, but rather type L voltage-gated calcium channels are involved in mediating the signaling pathway between extracellular Ca(2+) and BMP-2 expression. MEK1/2 activity is essential for the effect of Ca(2+) and using microarray analysis, we have identified c-Fos as an early Ca(2+) response gene. We have demonstrated that hMSC osteogenesis can be induced via extracellular Ca(2+), a simple and economic way of priming hMSCs for bone tissue engineering applications.
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