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Sharma R, Ansari MM, Alam M, Fareed M, Ali N, Ahmad A, Sultana S, Khan R. Sophorin mitigates flutamide-induced hepatotoxicity in wistar rats. Toxicon 2024; 243:107722. [PMID: 38653393 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2024.107722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 04/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Flutamide is frequently used in the management of prostate cancer, hirsutism, and acne. It is a non-steroidal anti-androgenic drug and causes hepatotoxicity. The current study's objective is to evaluate sophorin's hepatoprotective effectiveness against flutamide-induced hepatotoxicity in Wistar rats. Sophorin is a citrus flavonoid glycoside, also known as rutin, which is a low molecular weight polyphenolic compound with natural antioxidant properties and reported to have promising hepatoprotective efficacy. In this study, sophorin was used at a dose of 100 mg/kg body weight in purified water via oral route for 4 week daily whereas, flutamide was used at a dose of 100 mg kg/b.wt for 4 weeks daily in 0.5% carboxy methyl cellulose (CMC) through the oral route for the induction of hepatotoxicity. Flutamide administration leads to enhanced reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, an imbalance in redox homeostasis and peroxidation of lipid resulted in reduced natural antioxidant level in liver tissue. Our result demonstrated that sophorin significantly abrogate flutamide induced lipid peroxidation, protein carbonyl (PC), and also significantly increasesed in enzymatic activity/level of tissue natural antioxidant such as reduced glutathione(GSH), glutathione reductase(GR), catalase, and superoxide dismutase(SOD). Additionally, sophorin reduced the activity of cytochrome P450 3A1 in liver tissue which was elevated due to flutamide treatment. Furthermore, sophorin treatment significantly decreased the pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and IL-6) level. Immunohistochemical analysis for the expression of inflammatory proteins (iNOS and COX-2) in hepatic tissue was decreased after sophorin treatment against flutamide-induced hepatotoxicity. Moreover, sophorin suppressed the infiltration of mast cells in liver tissue which further showed anti-inflammatory potential of sophorin. Our histological investigation further demonstrated sophorin's hepatoprotective function by restoring the typical histology of the liver. Based on the aforementioned information, we are able to come to the conclusion that sophorin supplementation might benefit wistar rats with flutamide-induced hepatic damage by reducing oxidative stress and hepatocellular inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rishi Sharma
- Molecular Carcinogenesis and Chemoprevention Division, Department of Toxicology, School of Chemical & Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Md Meraj Ansari
- Heavy Metal and Clinical Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Toxicology, School of Chemical & Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Manzar Alam
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Mohammad Fareed
- Department of Environmental Health and Clinical Epidemiology, Center for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Nemat Ali
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Anas Ahmad
- Julia McFarlane Diabetes Research Centre (JMDRC) and Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases and Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Sarwat Sultana
- Molecular Carcinogenesis and Chemoprevention Division, Department of Toxicology, School of Chemical & Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Rehan Khan
- Chemical Biology Unit, Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Knowledge City, Sector-81, Mohali, 140306, Punjab, India.
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Nagasawa H, Kaneko H, Suzuki Y, Okada A, Fujiu K, Takeda N, Morita H, Nishiyama A, Yano Y, Node K, Viera AJ, Carey RM, Oparil S, Yasunaga H, Touyz RM, Komuro I. Association of cancer with the risk of developing hypertension. EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL. QUALITY OF CARE & CLINICAL OUTCOMES 2024; 10:228-234. [PMID: 37321962 PMCID: PMC11112520 DOI: 10.1093/ehjqcco/qcad036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Although the importance of hypertension in patients with cancer is widely recognized, little is known about the risk of developing hypertension in patients with a history of cancer. METHODS AND RESULTS This retrospective observational cohort study analysed data from the JMDC Claims Database between 2005 and 2022, including 78 162 patients with a history of cancer and 3692 654 individuals without cancer. The primary endpoint was the incidence of hypertension.During a mean follow-up period of 1208 ± 966 days, 311 197 participants developed hypertension. The incidence of hypertension was 364.6 [95% confidence interval (CI) 357.0-372.2] per 10 000 person-years among those with a history of cancer, and 247.2 (95% CI 246.3-248.1) per 10 000 person-years in those without cancer. Individuals with a history of cancer had an elevated risk of developing hypertension, according to multivariable Cox regression analyses [hazard ratio (HR) 1.17, 95% CI 1.15-1.20]. Both cancer patients requiring active antineoplastic therapy (HR 2.01, 95% CI 1.85-2.20), and those who did not require active antineoplastic therapy (HR 1.14, 95% CI 1.12-1.17) had an increased risk of hypertension. A multitude of sensitivity analyses confirmed the robustness of the relationship between cancer and incident hypertension. Patients with certain types of cancer were found to have a higher risk of developing hypertension than those without cancer, with varying risks dependent on the type of cancer. CONCLUSION Our analysis of a nationwide epidemiological database revealed that individuals with a history of cancer have a higher risk of developing hypertension, and this finding applies to both cancer patients who require active antineoplastic therapy and those who do not.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hajime Nagasawa
- The Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Nephrology, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hidehiro Kaneko
- The Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- The Department of Advanced Cardiology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuta Suzuki
- The Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Center for Outcomes Research and Economic Evaluation for Health, National Institute of Public Health, Saitama, Japan
| | - Akira Okada
- Department of Prevention of Diabetes and Lifestyle-Related Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Katsuhito Fujiu
- The Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- The Department of Advanced Cardiology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Norifumi Takeda
- The Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Morita
- The Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akira Nishiyama
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Yano
- Noncommunicable Disease (NCD) Epidemiology Research Center, Shiga University of Medical Science, Shiga, Japan
- Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Koichi Node
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Anthony J Viera
- Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Robert M Carey
- Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Suzanne Oparil
- Division of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Hideo Yasunaga
- The Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Health Economics, School of Public Health, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Rhian M Touyz
- Research Institute, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Issei Komuro
- The Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- International University of Health and Welfare, Tokyo, Japan
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Mohsin N, Akhtar MS, Alkahtani SA, Walbi IA, Alhazmi Y, Alam MN, Bhardwaj A. Nephroprotective Effect of Bergapten Against Cyclophosphamide-Mediated Renal Stress, Inflammation, and Fibrosis in Wistar Rats: Probable Role of NF-kB and TGF-β1 Signaling Molecules. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:18296-18303. [PMID: 38680299 PMCID: PMC11044238 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.4c00124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
Cyclophosphamide (CPM) is a well-established antineoplastic drug with marked clinical outcomes in various types of cancers. Despite being a promising drug, its use is associated with significant renal toxicity and often limits its use, leading to compromised clinical outcomes. Therefore, this study explored the renal protective effect of bergapten (BGP), a natural bioactive compound that showed marked antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, and neuroprotective effects. Till now, BGP has not been studied for its renal protective effect in an in vivo model. Animals were divided into control, toxic, BGP-3, BGP-10, and BGP Per se. The control group was treated with normal saline for 2 weeks. To the toxic group, CPM 200 mg/kg was given on day 7 as i.p. To BGP-3, 10, and Per se, BGP-3 and 10 mg/kg, ip was given 2 weeks with a single shot of CPM 200 day 7. To the Per se group, only BGP 10 mg/kg, ip was given from day 1 to day 14. After 14 days, animals were sacrificed, and kidneys were removed and studied for the markers of oxidative stress, inflammation, renal injury, renal fibrosis, and renal damage using biochemical, histopathological, and immunohistochemical studies. We found that BGP-10 effectively reversed the damage toward normal, whereas BGP-3 failed to exhibit a significant renal protective effect. We conclude that bergapten could be a potential renal protective drug, and hence, more detailed cellular molecular-based studies are needed to bring this drug from the bench to the bedside.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nehal Mohsin
- Department
of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Najran University, P.O. Box 1988, Najran 1644, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Shabib Akhtar
- Department
of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Najran University, P.O. Box 1988, Najran 1644, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Saad A Alkahtani
- Department
of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Najran University, P.O. Box 1988, Najran 1644, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Ismail A Walbi
- Department
of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Najran University, P.O. Box 1988, Najran 1644, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Yasir Alhazmi
- Department
of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Najran University, P.O. Box 1988, Najran 1644, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Md. Niyaz Alam
- Ram-Esh
Institute of Vocational & Technical Education, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh 201306, India
| | - Alok Bhardwaj
- Lloyd
Institute of Management & Technology, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh 201306, India
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Akbel E, Kucukkurt I, Ince S, Demirel HH, Acaroz DA, Zemheri-Navruz F, Kan F. Investigation of protective effect of resveratrol and coenzyme Q 10 against cyclophosphamide-induced lipid peroxidation, oxidative stress and DNA damage in rats. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2024; 13:tfad123. [PMID: 38173543 PMCID: PMC10758596 DOI: 10.1093/toxres/tfad123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
It is seen that cyclophosphamide, which is used in treating many diseases, especially cancer, causes toxicity in studies, and its metabolites induce oxidative stress. This study aimed to investigate the protective effects of resveratrol and Coenzyme Q10, known for their antioxidant properties, separately and together, against oxidative stress induced by cyclophosphamide. In this study, 35 Wistar albino male rats were divided into five groups. Groups; Control group, cyclophosphamide (CP) group (CP as 75 mg kg i.p. on day 14), coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) + CP group (20 mg/kg i.p. CoQ10 + 75 mg kg i.p. CP), resveratrol (Res) + CP group (20 mg/kg i.p. Res + 75 mg/kg i.p. CP), CoQ10 + Res + CP group (20 mg/kg i.p Res + 20 mg/kg i.p CoQ10 and 75 mg/kg i.p.CP). At the end of the experiment, the cholesterol, creatinine and urea levels of the group given CP increased, while a decrease was observed in the groups given Res and CoQ10. Malondialdehyde level was high, glutathione level, superoxide dismutase and catalase activities were decreased in the blood and all tissues (liver, kidney, brain, heart and testis) of the CP given group. DNA damage and histopathological changes were also observed. In contrast, Res and CoQ10, both separately and together, reversed the CP-induced altered level and enzyme activities and ameliorated DNA damage and histopathological changes. In this study, the effects of Res and CoQ10 against CP toxicity were examined both separately and together.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erten Akbel
- Usak Health Training School, Usak University, 64200, Uşak, Turkey
| | - Ismail Kucukkurt
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Afyon Kocatepe University, 03200, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey
| | - Sinan Ince
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Afyon Kocatepe University, 03200, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey
| | | | - Damla Arslan Acaroz
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Afyon Kocatepe University, 03200, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey
| | - Fahriye Zemheri-Navruz
- Faculty of Science, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Bartın University, 74110, Bartın, Turkey
| | - Fahriye Kan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Afyon Kocatepe University, 03200, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey
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Huang PY, Hsieh YH, Ting YH, Lee CC, Tsai JP. Ellagic acid ameliorates renal fibrogenesis by blocking epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Tzu Chi Med J 2024; 36:59-66. [PMID: 38406569 PMCID: PMC10887343 DOI: 10.4103/tcmj.tcmj_106_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives Ellagic acid (EA), a kind of polyphenol found in numerous fruits and vegetables, has anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, anti-oxidant, and anti-fibrotic effects against a variety of diseases, but its role in mediating renal fibrogenesis remains unknown. Materials and Methods We used an in vivo mouse unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) model and an in vitro model with HK-2 cell lines treated with EA and transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1). The expression of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related proteins of UUO mice was examined using immunohistochemical staining. Liver function and renal function were evaluated using biochemical testing. Western blot analysis was used to determine the proteins related to EMT, and MTT assay was used to determine cell viability. Results In UUO mice fed EA, both microscopical examination with immunohistochemical staining and western blotting protein analysis showed reduced expression of fibrotic (α-SMA, fibronectin, and collagen I)- and EMT (vimentin and N-cadherin)-related proteins, compared with sham control. In HK-2 cells treated with TGF-β1, EA decreased motility as well as expression of α-SMA, collagen-I, fibronectin, N-cadherin, and vimentin. Conclusion EA reduced the progression of the morphological transformations and concomitantly suppressed the expression of fibrotic- and EMT-related proteins in vitro and in vivo. These findings improved our understanding of the role of EA in suppressing renal fibrogenesis and demonstrated the promising role EA may play in the management of chronic kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Po-Yu Huang
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Dalin Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Chiayi, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hsien Hsieh
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hsuan Ting
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chu-Che Lee
- Department of Medicine Research, Dalin Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Jen-Pi Tsai
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Dalin Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Chiayi, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
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Shi M, Pei H, Sun L, Chen W, Zong Y, Zhao Y, Du R, He Z. Optimization of the Flavonoid Extraction Process from the Stem and Leaves of Epimedium Brevicornum and Its Effects on Cyclophosphamide-Induced Renal Injury. Molecules 2023; 29:207. [PMID: 38202790 PMCID: PMC10780727 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29010207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Cyclophosphamide (CTX) is a broad-spectrum alkylated antitumor drug. It is clinically used in the treatment of a variety of cancers, and renal toxicity is one of the adverse reactions after long-term or repeated use, which not only limits the therapeutic effect of CTX, but also increases the probability of kidney lesions. The total flavonoids of Epimedium stem and leaf (EBF) and Icariin (ICA) are the main medicinal components of Epimedium, and ICA is one of the main active substances in EBF. Modern pharmacological studies have shown that EBF has a variety of biological activities such as improving osteoporosis, promoting cell proliferation, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, etc. However, few studies have been conducted on the nephrotoxicity caused by optimized CTX extraction, and protein-ligand binding has not been involved. This research, through the response surface optimization extraction of EBF, obtained the best extraction conditions: ethanol concentration was 60%, solid-liquid ratio of 25:1, ultrasonic time was about 25 min. Combined with mass spectrometry (MS) analysis, EBF contained ICA, ichopidin A, ichopidin B, ichopidin C, and other components. In this study, we adopted a computational chemistry method called molecular docking, and the results show that Icariin was well bound to the antioxidant target proteins KEAP1 and NRF2, and the anti-inflammatory target proteins COX-2 and NF-κB, with free binding energies of -9.8 kcal/mol, -11.0 kcal/mol, -10.0 kcal/mol, and -8.1 kcal/mol, respectively. To study the protective effect of EBF on the nephrotoxicity of CTX, 40 male Kunming mice (weight 18 ± 22) were injected with CTX (80 mg/kg) for 7 days to establish the nephrotoxicity model and were treated with EBF (50 mg/kg, 100 mg/kg) for 8 days by gavage. After CTX administration, MDA, BUN, Cre, and IL-6 levels in serum increased, MDA increased in kidney, GPT/ALT and IL-6 increased in liver, and IL-6 increased in spleen and was significant ((p < 0.05 or (p < 0.01)). Histopathological observation showed that renal cortex glomerular atrophy necrosis, medullary inflammatory cell infiltration, and other lesions. After administration of EBF, CTX-induced increase in serum level of related indexes was reduced, and MDA in kidney, GPT/ALT and IL-6 in liver, and IL-6 in spleen were increased. At the same time, histopathological findings showed that the necrosis of medullary and corticorenal tubular epithelium was relieved at EBF (50 mg/kg) dose compared with the CTX group, and the glomerular tubular necrosis gradually became normal at EBF (100 mg/kg) dose. Western blot analysis of Keap1 and Nrf2 protein expression in kidney tissue showed that compared with model CTX group, the drug administration group could alleviate the high expression of Keap1 protein and low expression of Nrf2 protein in kidney tissue. Conclusion: After the optimal extraction of total flavonoids from the stems and leaves of Epimedium, the molecular docking technique combined with animal experiments suggested that the effective component of the total flavonoids of Epimedium might activate the Keap1-Nrf2 signaling pathway after treatment to reduce the inflammation and oxidative stress of kidney tissue, so as to reduce kidney damage and improve kidney function. Therefore, EBF may become a new natural protective agent for CTX chemotherapy in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiling Shi
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China; (M.S.); (H.P.); (L.S.); (W.C.); (Y.Z.); (Y.Z.); (R.D.)
| | - Hongyan Pei
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China; (M.S.); (H.P.); (L.S.); (W.C.); (Y.Z.); (Y.Z.); (R.D.)
| | - Li Sun
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China; (M.S.); (H.P.); (L.S.); (W.C.); (Y.Z.); (Y.Z.); (R.D.)
| | - Weijia Chen
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China; (M.S.); (H.P.); (L.S.); (W.C.); (Y.Z.); (Y.Z.); (R.D.)
| | - Ying Zong
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China; (M.S.); (H.P.); (L.S.); (W.C.); (Y.Z.); (Y.Z.); (R.D.)
| | - Yan Zhao
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China; (M.S.); (H.P.); (L.S.); (W.C.); (Y.Z.); (Y.Z.); (R.D.)
- Engineering Research Center for Efficient Breeding and Product Development of Sika Deer, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Rui Du
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China; (M.S.); (H.P.); (L.S.); (W.C.); (Y.Z.); (Y.Z.); (R.D.)
- Engineering Research Center for Efficient Breeding and Product Development of Sika Deer, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Zhongmei He
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China; (M.S.); (H.P.); (L.S.); (W.C.); (Y.Z.); (Y.Z.); (R.D.)
- Engineering Research Center for Efficient Breeding and Product Development of Sika Deer, Changchun 130118, China
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Iqubal A, Najmi AK, Md S, Alkreathy HM, Ali J, Syed MA, Haque SE. Oral delivery of nerolidol alleviates cyclophosphamide-induced renal inflammation, apoptosis, and fibrosis via modulation of NF-κB/cleaved caspase-3/TGF-β signaling molecules. Drug Deliv 2023; 30:2241661. [PMID: 37559381 PMCID: PMC10946274 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2023.2241661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Cyclophosphamide (CP) is one of the most extensively used antineoplastic drug, but the nephrotoxicity caused by this drug is a major limiting factor for its use. Nerolidol (NERO) is a natural bioactive compound with diverse pharmacological actions. In Vitro and in vivo study was performed using HK-2 renal cells and Swiss Albino mice. Cell lines and animals were treated with NERO 25 and 50 µM + 30 µM CP (in vitro), 200 and 400 mg/kg, p.o. NERO from day 1 to day 15 + 200 mg/kg, i.p. CP on day 17 as single intraperitoneal injection (in vivo). The makers of oxidative stress, renal-specific injury markers, inflammation, apoptosis, fibrosis, and histopathological changes were studied. The study's outcome showed a significant reduction in the level of malonaldehyde and interleukin-6 (p < 0.01), tumor necrosis factor-α, IL-1β (p < 0.001), and an increase in the superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione and interleukin-10 level (p < 0.01), in the in vivo study when treated with NERO 400 and compared with CP 200. In Vitro study showed reduced expression of nuclear factor kappa light chain enhancer of activated B cells, cleaved caspase-3, kidney injury molecule-1 and transforming growth factor-β-1 (p < 0.001), when treated with NERO 50 µM whereas NERO 25 µM only reduced the level of cleaved caspase-3 (p < 0.05) when compared with 30 µM. NERO 400 also reduced uric acid (p < 0.05), urea (p < 0.01), blood urea nitrogen, and serum creatinine levels (p < 0.001) and increased the level of blood-urea-nitrogen/creatinine ratio (p < 0.001). Additionally, the level of fibrosis-specific markers such as transforming growth factor-β1, hyaluronic acid (p < 0.01), 4-hydroxyproline, a collagen-rich area in Masson's' trichome stain, and Smad3 expression was also significantly reduced (p < 0.001). Furthermore, the outcome of multiple renal staining showed structural reversal aberrations, reduction of the thick basement membrane, and glycogen level toward normal when treated with NERO 400. Thus, the study showed a novel mechanistic modality of NERO against cyclophosphamide-induced renal toxicity. The outcome of this study can be considered a step closer to the development of an adjuvant to mitigate cyclophosphamide-induced renal toxicity among patients treated with cyclophosphamide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashif Iqubal
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Abul Kalam Najmi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Shadab Md
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Huda Mohammed Alkreathy
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Javed Ali
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Mansoor Ali Syed
- Department of Biotechnology, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Syed Ehtaishamul Haque
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, New Delhi, India
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Čižmáriková M, Michalková R, Mirossay L, Mojžišová G, Zigová M, Bardelčíková A, Mojžiš J. Ellagic Acid and Cancer Hallmarks: Insights from Experimental Evidence. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1653. [PMID: 38002335 PMCID: PMC10669545 DOI: 10.3390/biom13111653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a complex and multifaceted disease with a high global incidence and mortality rate. Although cancer therapy has evolved significantly over the years, numerous challenges persist on the path to effectively combating this multifaceted disease. Natural compounds derived from plants, fungi, or marine organisms have garnered considerable attention as potential therapeutic agents in the field of cancer research. Ellagic acid (EA), a natural polyphenolic compound found in various fruits and nuts, has emerged as a potential cancer prevention and treatment agent. This review summarizes the experimental evidence supporting the role of EA in targeting key hallmarks of cancer, including proliferation, angiogenesis, apoptosis evasion, immune evasion, inflammation, genomic instability, and more. We discuss the molecular mechanisms by which EA modulates signaling pathways and molecular targets involved in these cancer hallmarks, based on in vitro and in vivo studies. The multifaceted actions of EA make it a promising candidate for cancer prevention and therapy. Understanding its impact on cancer biology can pave the way for developing novel strategies to combat this complex disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Čižmáriková
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia; (M.Č.); (R.M.); (M.Z.); (A.B.)
| | - Radka Michalková
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia; (M.Č.); (R.M.); (M.Z.); (A.B.)
| | - Ladislav Mirossay
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia; (M.Č.); (R.M.); (M.Z.); (A.B.)
| | - Gabriela Mojžišová
- Center of Clinical and Preclinical Research MEDIPARK, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia;
| | - Martina Zigová
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia; (M.Č.); (R.M.); (M.Z.); (A.B.)
| | - Annamária Bardelčíková
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia; (M.Č.); (R.M.); (M.Z.); (A.B.)
| | - Ján Mojžiš
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia; (M.Č.); (R.M.); (M.Z.); (A.B.)
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Khallaf WAI, Sharata EE, Attya ME, Abo-Youssef AM, Hemeida RAM. LCZ696 (sacubitril/valsartan) mitigates cyclophosphamide-induced premature ovarian failure in rats; the role of TLR4/NF-κB/NLRP3/Caspase-1 signaling pathway. Life Sci 2023; 326:121789. [PMID: 37201697 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.121789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
AIM Cyclophosphamide (CP) is used to treat a variety of cancers and autoimmune illnesses. CP has been found to frequently cause premature ovarian failure (POF). The study's objective was to assess LCZ696's potential for protection against CP-induced POF in a rat model. MAIN METHODS Rats were randomly assigned into seven groups as follows: control, valsartan (VAL), LCZ696, CP, CP + VAL, CP + LCZ696, and CP + triptorelin (TRI). Ovarian malondialdehyde (MDA), reduced glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), interleukin-18 (IL-18), IL-1β, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) were assessed using ELISA. Serum anti-mullerian hormone (AMH), estrogen, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and luteinizing hormone (LH) were also measured using ELISA. The expression of NLRP3/Caspase-1/GSDMD C-NT and TLR4/MYD88/NF-B P65 proteins was estimated using western blot assay. The histopathology of the ovaries was also investigated. The estrous cycle, body, and ovarian weights were also monitored. KEY FINDINGS CP treatment significantly elevated levels of MDA, IL-18, IL-1β, TNF-α, FSH, LH, and up-regulated TLR4/NF-κB/NLRP3/Caspase-1 proteins, as compared to the control group, however, ovarian follicles count, and levels of GSH, SOD, AMH, and estrogen were reduced with CP administration. All the aforementioned biochemical and histological abnormalities were considerably alleviated by the LCZ696 therapy compared to valsartan alone. SIGNIFICANCE LCZ696 effectively mitigated CP-induced POF, offering promising protection that could be related to its suppression power on NLRP3-induced pyroptosis and TLR4/NF-B P65 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waleed A I Khallaf
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62514, Egypt.
| | - Ehab E Sharata
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University, Minia 61111, Egypt.
| | - Mina Ezzat Attya
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt.
| | - Amira M Abo-Youssef
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62514, Egypt.
| | - Ramadan A M Hemeida
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University, Minia 61111, Egypt; Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut branch, Assiut 71524, Egypt.
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10
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Uyumlu AB, Satılmış B, Atıcı B, Taşlıdere A. Phenethyl isothiocyanate protects against cyclophosphamide-induced nephrotoxicity via nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 pathway in rats. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2023; 248:157-164. [PMID: 36598044 PMCID: PMC10041055 DOI: 10.1177/15353702221139206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Phenethyl isothiocyanate (PEITC), a secondary metabolite in Cruciferous plants, exerts chemopreventive and antioxidant effects. However, its therapeutic potential in cyclophosphamide (CP)-induced nephrotoxicity is not clear. So, we focused to research on the effect of PEITC against renal toxicity caused by CP and its relationship to the Nrf2 signaling mechanism. Thirty female Wistar albino rats were allocated to three groups: control (n = 10), CP (n = 10), and PEITC-pretreated group (150 µmol/kg b.w. orally; n = 10). The antioxidant enzyme activities and levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), serum urea, and creatinine (Cr) were measured. In the CP group, serum urea and Cr, MDA, and NF-κB levels have risen, and the activities of antioxidant enzymes and SIRT1, Nrf2, and GST levels have reduced significantly (P < 0.05). PEITC diminished levels of Cr, urea, MDA, and NF-κB while it enhanced antioxidant enzyme activities and GST, Nrf2, and SIRT1 levels significantly (P < 0.05). Pretreatment with PEITC ameliorated kidney tissue injury. The renal protective effect of the PEITC was supported by the histological analysis of the kidney. PEITC prevented CP-induced nephrotoxicity by decreasing oxidative damage through Nrf2 and SIRT1 activation and NF-κB inhibition. Therefore, we have suggested that PEITC may be a useful agent for protection against CP-induced renal injury.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Basri Satılmış
- Hepatology Research Laboratory, Liver Transplantation Institute, İnönü University, 44280 Malatya, Turkey
| | - Buğrahan Atıcı
- Department of Biochemistry, İnönü University, 44280 Malatya, Turkey
| | - Aslı Taşlıdere
- Department of Histology and Embryology, İnönü University, 44280 Malatya, Turkey
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11
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Li H, Chen X, Chen D, Yu B, He J, Zheng P, Luo Y, Yan H, Chen H, Huang Z. Ellagic Acid Alters Muscle Fiber-Type Composition and Promotes Mitochondrial Biogenesis through the AMPK Signaling Pathway in Healthy Pigs. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:9779-9789. [PMID: 35916165 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c04108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Ellagic acid (EA), because of its remarkable health-promoting ability, has aroused widespread interest in the fields of nutrition and medicine. However, no reports showed that EA regulates mitochondrial biogenesis as well as muscle fiber-type composition in pigs. Our study found that dietary 75 and 150 mg/kg EA obviously augmented the slow myosin heavy chain (MyHC) protein level, the number of slow-twitch muscle fibers, and the activity of malate dehydrogenase (MDH) in the longissimus thoracis (LT) muscle of growing-finishing pigs. In contrast, dietary 75 and 150 mg/kg EA decreased the fast MyHC level, the number of fast-twitch muscle fibers, and the activity of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in the LT muscle. In addition, our further study found that dietary 75 and 150 mg/kg EA promoted the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) content, the mRNA expressions of ATP synthase (ATP5G), mtDNA transcription factor A (TFAM), AMP-activated protein kinase α1 (AMPKα1), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator-1α (PGC-1α) and sirtuin 1 (Sirt1), and the level of phospho-LKB1 (P-LKB1), phospho-AMPK (P-AMPK), Sirt1, and PGC-1α in the LT muscle. In vitro, 5, 10, and 20 μmol/L EA treatment upregulated the level of slow MyHC, but only 10 μmol/L EA treatment decreased fast MyHC protein expression in porcine skeletal muscle satellite cells (PSCs). In addition, our data again found that 10 μmol/L EA treatment promoted the mtDNA content, the mRNA levels of ATP5G, mitochondrial transcription factor b1 (TFB1M), citrate synthase (Cs), AMPKα1, PGC-1α, and Sirt1, and the protein expressions of P-AMPK, P-LKB1, PGC-1α, and Sirt1 in PSCs. What is more, inhibition of the AMPK signaling pathway by AMPKα1 siRNA significantly eliminated the improvement of EA on muscle fiber-type composition as well as the mtDNA content in PSCs. In conclusion, EA altered muscle fiber-type composition and promoted mitochondrial biogenesis through the AMPK signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huawei Li
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoling Chen
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, P. R. China
| | - Daiwen Chen
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, P. R. China
| | - Bing Yu
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, P. R. China
| | - Jun He
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, P. R. China
| | - Ping Zheng
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, P. R. China
| | - Yuheng Luo
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, P. R. China
| | - Hui Yan
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, P. R. China
| | - Hong Chen
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yaan, Sichuan 625014, P. R. China
| | - Zhiqing Huang
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, P. R. China
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12
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Beigi T, Safi A, Satvati M, Kalantari-Hesari A, Ahmadi R, Meshkibaf MH. Protective role of ellagic acid and taurine against fluoxetine induced hepatotoxic effects on biochemical and oxidative stress parameters, histopathological changes, and gene expressions of IL-1β, NF-κB, and TNF-α in male Wistar rats. Life Sci 2022; 304:120679. [PMID: 35662648 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSES Hepatic bioactivation of fluoxetine (FXN) could increase free radicals' generation provoking hepatotoxicity. Therefore, the protective effects of ellagic acid (EA) and taurine (TAU) treatments against fluoxetine-induced liver damage in rats were examined. MATERIALS AND METHODS Sixty four male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to 8 groups (n = 8). Group (1) Control, group (2) FXN, group (3) FXN + EA, group (4) FXN + TAU, group (5) FXN + EA + TAU, group (6) EA, group (7) TAU, and group (8) EA + TAU. Then, the serum and tissue parameters of the oxidative stress were examined. KEY FINDINGS FXN significantly raised serum MDA, protein carbonyl, lipid profile, ALT, AST, ALP, total bilirubin, serum IL-1β; and gene expressions of IL-1β, NF-κB, and TNF-α. Moreover, it significantly decreased HDL-C, ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), catalase activity, vitamin C, and SOD activity in the liver compared to group 1. When compared to group 2, EA and TAU treatment dramatically increased antioxidant capacity and lowered hepatotoxic biochemical markers and cellular inflammation. Results also showed a protective effect of treatment against oxidative damage caused by hepatocytes' cytoarchitecture. SIGNIFICANCE Our study concluded the beneficial effects of EA and TAU on FXN-induced hepatotoxicity. These effects were derived from free radical scavenging properties and the anti-inflammatory effects related to IL-1β, NF-κB, and TNF-α gene expression inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tayebeh Beigi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
| | - Amir Safi
- Clinical Biochemistry Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Mahdi Satvati
- Clinical Biochemistry Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Ali Kalantari-Hesari
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
| | - Reza Ahmadi
- Clinical Biochemistry Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran.
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Xue P, Zhang G, Zhang J, Ren L. Synergism of ellagic acid in combination with radiotherapy and chemotherapy for cancer treatment. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 99:153998. [PMID: 35217437 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.153998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ellagic acid (EA) is a polyphenol compound abundant in berries, walnuts, pecans, pomegranate, cranberries, and other plant foods and exerts a wide array of biological properties. In particular, EA has received considerable research attention in anti-cancer therapy. EA administered alone has been shown to exert effects against human cancers through multiple pathways. In addition, EA may increase tumor sensitivity to chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Namely, EA combination with a relatively low dosage of therapeutic drugs or optimized radiation dose could improve the treatment outcome. More importantly, EA could counteract chemotherapy-related adverse reactions. PURPOSE This review aims to summarize the in vitro and in vivo experimental evidence of synergism of EA in radiotherapy/chemotherapy for the treatment of cancers. In addition, the preventive effect of EA to counteract chemotherapy-induced toxicity is also discussed. METHODS The searches were performed in the PubMed, Web of Science and Google scholar and introduced the information about the role of EA in cancer treatment. RESULTS EA exhibits synergistic effects in radiotherapy/chemotherapy for the treatment of cancers and exerts a great potential in reducing the side effects of chemotherapy and radiotherapy due to its biological activities, such as antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. CONCLUSION EA could be a promising drug adjuvant for cancer treatment. In the near future, novel strategies for EA delivery systems that overcome the low EA solubility and bioavailability should be studied further to fully exploit the therapeutic potential of EA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiyu Xue
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China; School of Biology and Food Engineering, Anyang Institute of Technology, Anyang 455000, China
| | - Guangjie Zhang
- School of Biology and Food Engineering, Anyang Institute of Technology, Anyang 455000, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China.
| | - Li Ren
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China.
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Peter Ebokaiwe A, Olachi Obasi D, Kalu WO. Abatement of cyclophosphamide-induced splenic immunosuppressive indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase and altered hematological indices in Wister rats by dietary quercetin. Immunobiology 2022; 227:152218. [DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2022.152218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 03/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Hu J, Tong C, Zhou J, Gao C, Olatunji OJ. Protective Effects of Shorea roxburghii Phenolic Extract on Nephrotoxicity Induced by Cyclophosphamide: Impact on Oxidative Stress, Biochemical and Histopathological Alterations. Chem Biodivers 2022; 19:e202200053. [PMID: 35352457 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202200053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Cyclophosphamide (CTX) is one of the most commonly used alkylating agents for the treatment of various cancers; however, CTX-induced nephrotoxicity is one of the most prevailing side effects of the drug. Shorea roxburghii is a plant with diverse bioactivities including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and renoprotective effects. This study investigated the nephroprotective effect of Shorea roxburghii phenolic extract (SRPF) against CTX-induced nephrotoxicity in rats. The rats were treated with SRPF (100 and 400 mg/kg) for 5 weeks and were concomitantly administered with CTX. The results indicated that treatment with SRPF significantly decreased serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), uric acid as well as renal MDA, IL-6, TNF-α, IL-1β, NF-kB and caspase-3 levels. Furthermore, SRPF augmented the activities of renal SOD, CAT, GSH and GPx. SRPF also improved renal histopathological damages caused by CTX administration. In conclusion, these results suggested that SRPF showed substantial protective effects against CTX-mediated renal toxicity via its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Hu
- Blood Purification Center, Wannan Medical College Affiliated Yijishan Hospital, Wuhu, 241001, Anhui, China
| | - Changjun Tong
- Blood Purification Center, Wannan Medical College Affiliated Yijishan Hospital, Wuhu, 241001, Anhui, China
| | - Jiajun Zhou
- Blood Purification Center, Wannan Medical College Affiliated Yijishan Hospital, Wuhu, 241001, Anhui, China
| | - Chaoqing Gao
- Blood Purification Center, Wannan Medical College Affiliated Yijishan Hospital, Wuhu, 241001, Anhui, China
| | - Opeyemi Joshua Olatunji
- Traditional Thai Medical Research and Innovation Center, Faculty of Traditional Thai Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, 90110, Thailand
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Potential Protective Effects of Antioxidants against Cyclophosphamide-Induced Nephrotoxicity. Int J Nephrol 2022; 2022:5096825. [PMID: 35469319 PMCID: PMC9034963 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5096825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyclophosphamide is an alkylating antineoplastic agent, and it is one of the most successful drugs with wide arrays of clinical activity. It has been in use for several types of cancer treatments and as an immunosuppressive agent for the management of autoimmune and immune-mediated diseases. Nowadays, its clinical use is limited due to various toxicities, including nephrotoxicity. Even though the mechanisms are not well understood, cyclophosphamide-induced nephrotoxicity is reported to be mediated through oxidative stress. This review focuses on the potential role of natural and plant-derived antioxidants in preventing cyclophosphamide-induced nephrotoxicity.
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Ijaz MU, Mustafa S, Batool R, Naz H, Ahmed H, Anwar H. Ameliorative effect of herbacetin against cyclophosphamide-induced nephrotoxicity in rats via attenuation of oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis and mitochondrial dysfunction. Hum Exp Toxicol 2022; 41:9603271221132140. [DOI: 10.1177/09603271221132140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Herbacetin (HBN) is a glycosylated flavonoid, which possesses numerous pharmacological properties. Cyclophosphamide (CYC) is a chemotherapeutic drug that adversely affects the kidneys. The present investigation aimed to evaluate the curative potential of HBN against CYC-induced nephrotoxicity. Sprague Dawley rats ( n = 48) were randomly divided into four groups: control (0.1% DMSO + food), CYC (150 mg/kg b.wt.), CYC+HBN (150 + 40 mg/kg b.wt.), and HBN (40mg/kg b.wt.). CYC treatment significantly decreased the activities of antioxidant enzymes such as catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and glutathione reductase (GSR) while elevating the concentration of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA). Treatment with HBN significantly recovered the activity of CAT, SOD, GPx, and GSR while reducing the concentrations of ROS and MDA. Moreover, an increase in the level of renal functional markers, including Urea, creatinine, kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1), and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), and a decrease in creatinine clearance after CYC administration was recovered to control values by HBN treatment. Furthermore, HBN treatment normalized the increased levels of inflammatory markers such as nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) after CYC administration. Besides, HBN administration increased the expression of anti-apoptotic markers (Bcl-2) while decreasing the apoptotic markers (Bax and Caspase-3). Furthermore, HBN decreased the activities of tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle enzymes (ICDH, αKGDH, SDH, and MDH) as well as renal mitochondrial respiratory-chain complexes (I-IV) and repolarized mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm). Additionally, HBN administration significantly protected against renal histological damage induced by CYC. In conclusion, CYC-induced toxicity was effectively ameliorated by the HBN administration. These results indicate that HBN might be considered as a potential protective agent against nephrotoxicity. The observed protection may be due to its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Umar Ijaz
- Department of Zoology, Wildlife and Fisheries, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Shama Mustafa
- Department of Zoology, Wildlife and Fisheries, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Riffat Batool
- Directorate of Board of Advanced Studies and Research, Allama Iqbal Open University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Huma Naz
- Department of Zoology, Cholistan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Hussain Ahmed
- Department of Zoology, The University of Buner, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Haseeb Anwar
- Department of Physiology, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
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Genotoxicity Assessment and Protective Effect of Anogeissus leiocarpus Roots against Cyclophosphamide-Induced DNA Damage In Vivo. J Toxicol 2021; 2021:8020240. [PMID: 34790234 PMCID: PMC8592734 DOI: 10.1155/2021/8020240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Belonging to the family of Combretaceae, the roots of Anogeissus leiocarpus are traditionally used to treat diabetes, wounds, infections, pain, and gastrointestinal diseases. To our knowledge, no genotoxicity assessment of the plant was reported. Hence, this study was designed to evaluate the potential genotoxic and protective effects of extract of Anogeissus leiocarpus roots using the micronucleus test on mice bone marrow cells in vivo. Methods Three different concentrations (250, 500, and 1000 mg·kg−1) of hydroalcoholic extract of roots of A. leiocarpus were administered daily for 7 days per os to mice, and the genotoxicity was induced by the administration ip of cyclophosphamide. Genotoxicity and cytotoxicity were evaluated by counting, respectively, the number of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes and polychromatic erythrocytes to total erythrocytes in the bone marrow of mice. Results The administration of A. leiocarpus did neither increase the ratio of the polychromatic erythrocyte (PCE) nor the frequency of micronucleated PCE (MNPCE) significantly in the bone marrow cells of the mice, compared to the vehicle control animals. However, a significant increase in the incidence of MNPCE in the bone marrow cell of the cyclophosphamide-treated mice was found. Moreover, in the groups treated with the total extract of A. leiocarpus at different doses plus cyclophosphamide, there was a significant decrease (p < 0.0001) in MNPCEs compared to the positive controls, in a dose-dependent manner. Conclusion This first finding reports that the extract of A. leiocarpus was neither genotoxic nor cytotoxic. However, it shows a protective effect against the genotoxicity and cytotoxicity induced by cyclophosphamide.
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Wei R, Liu X, Wang Y, Dong J, Wu F, Mackenzie GG, Su Z. (-)-Epigallocatechin-3-gallate mitigates cyclophosphamide-induced intestinal injury by modulating the tight junctions, inflammation and dysbiosis in mice. Food Funct 2021; 12:11671-11685. [PMID: 34730149 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo01848e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Cyclophosphamide (CTX) is an antitumor drug commonly used to treat various cancer types. Unfortunately, its toxic side effects, including gastrointestinal (GI) toxicity, affect treatment compliance and patients' prognosis. Thus, there is a critical need of evaluating strategies that may improve the associated GI toxicity induced by CTX. In this work, we evaluated the capacity of epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), a major constituent of green tea, to improve the recovery of gut injury induced by CTX in mice. Treatment with CTX for 5 days severely damaged the intestinal structure, increased immune-related cytokines (TNFα, IL-10 and IL-21), reduced the expression levels of tight junction proteins (ZO-1, occludin, claudin-1), induced reactive oxygen species, altered the composition of gut microbiota, and reduced short chain fatty acid levels. EGCG treatment, starting one day after the last CTX dose, significantly improved the intestinal structure, ameliorated gut permeability, and restored ZO-1, occludin and claudin-1 levels. Moreover, EGCG reduced TNFα, IL-10 and IL-21 levels and decreased oxidative stress by regulating the activities of the antioxidant enzymes catalase, superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase. Finally, EGCG treatment restored the composition of gut microbiota and the levels of the short chain fatty acids. In conclusion, these findings indicate that EGCG may function as an effective bioactive compound to minimize CTX-induced GI tract toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Wei
- Department of Tea Science, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou, 311300, China.
| | - Xingquan Liu
- Department of Food Science, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou, 311300, China
| | - Yuefei Wang
- Institute of Tea Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Junjie Dong
- Zhejiang Camel Transworld Organic Food Co., Ltd, Hangzhou, 310041, China
| | - Fenghua Wu
- Department of Food Science, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou, 311300, China
| | - Gerardo G Mackenzie
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, California, 95616, USA.
| | - Zhucheng Su
- Department of Tea Science, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou, 311300, China.
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Altındağ F, Özdek U. Synergistic effects of sinapic acid and ellagic acid ameliorate streptozotocin-induced diabetic nephropathy by inhibiting apoptosis, DNA damage, and structural deterioration in rats. Hum Exp Toxicol 2021; 40:S290-S299. [PMID: 34661493 DOI: 10.1177/09603271211040825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Diabetic nephropathy (DN), a global problem that threatens human health, is an important reason for chronic kidney disease and kidney failure. In our study, it was aimed to investigate the individual and combined effects of SA and EA in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced rats. METHODS The groups are as follows: Control, untreated diabetic, diabetic treated with Sinapic acid (SA), diabetic treated with Ellagic acid (EA), diabetic treated with SA and EA, treated with SA, treated with EA, and treated with SA and EA. Total kidney volume, total glomerulus volume, total filtration space volume, caspase-3, and 8-OHdG immunoreactivity, Malondialdehyde (MDA), Glutathione (GSH), Catalase (CAT), serum urea, and creatinine levels were evaluated by stereological, immunohistochemical, and biochemical methods. RESULTS The findings of the study showed that total kidney volume, total glomerulus volume, total filtration gap volume, caspase-3, and 8-OHdG immunoreactivity, MDA, serum urea, and creatinine levels significantly increased in the untreated diabetic group compared to the control group. Also, severe mesangial and glomerular enlargement, extracellular matrix accumulation, and glomerular and tubular basal membrane thickness were observed in the tubulointerstitial and glomerular of the diabetic rats. However, individual and combined treatments of SA and EA ameliorated these histological changes. Additionally, decreased GSH and CAT in the untreated diabetic group increased by SA and EA treatment. CONCLUSIONS The findings suggest that treatment of SA and EA prevent apoptosis and DNA damage and structural changes in STZ-induced DN. However, the combined treatment of SA and EA were more effective than their individual treatments in all parameters except serum urea and creatinine.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Altındağ
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, 53000Van Yüzüncü Yıl University, Van, Turkey
| | - U Özdek
- Van Vocational Higher School of Health Services, 53000Van Yüzüncü Yıl University, Van, Turkey
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21
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Öngöz Dede F, Bozkurt Doğan Ş, Balli U, Durmuşlar MC, Avci B, Gülle K, Akpolat Ferah M. The effect of ellagic acid on the repair process of periodontal defects related to experimental periodontitis in rats. J Appl Oral Sci 2021; 29:e20210160. [PMID: 34586188 PMCID: PMC8483071 DOI: 10.1590/1678-7757-2021-0160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aims to evaluate the effect of ellagic acid (EA) by measuring the levels of alveolar bone resorption and inflammatory and oxidative stress markers in the periodontal tissues and serum on the periodontal repair process related to experimental periodontitis in rats. Methodology Forty Wistar rats were divided into four study groups as follows: Group 1=healthy control (n=10); Group 2=EA control (15 mg/kg)(n=10); Group 3=periodontitis (n=10); Group 4=periodontitis+EA (15 mg/kg) (n=10). The periodontitis model was established by ligating bilateral mandibular first molars for 14 days. Then, rats were given normal saline or EA for another 14 days by gavage administration. Serum and gingiva myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine(8-OHdG), and glutathione (GSH) levels were analyzed by ELISA. İmmunohistochemical analysis was used to detect Interleukin (IL)-6, IL-10, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) immunoreactivities in the periodontal tissues. Alveolar bone loss (ABL) and attachment loss (AL) was evaluated by histomorphometry analysis. Results ABL and AL were statistically higher in group 3 than in groups 1, 2 and 4 and in group 4 than in groups 1 and 2 (p<0.05). MPO activities in gingival tissue and serum were significantly increased in group 3 compared to groups 1 and 2 (p<0.05). Significantly higher serum GSH levels, lower gingiva, and serum 8-OHdG levels, and MPO activity were observed in group 4 compared to group 3 (p<0.05). Rats with periodontitis (group 3) expressed significantly higher immunoreactivities of IL-6 and TNF-α and lower IL-10 immunoreactivity compared to those other groups (p<0.05). IL-6 and TNF-α immunoreactivities significantly decreased and IL-10 immunoreactivity increased in group 4 after the use of EA compared to group 3 (p<0.001). Conclusions Our findings showed that EA provides significant improvements on gingival oxidative stress and inflammatory markers and alveolar bone resorption in the repair process associated with experimental periodontitis. Therefore, EA may have a therapeutic potential on periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Figen Öngöz Dede
- Ordu University, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Periodontology, Ordu, Turkey
| | - Şeyma Bozkurt Doğan
- Yıldırım Beyazıt University, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Periodontology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Umut Balli
- Bezmialem Vakif University, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Periodontology, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Cenk Durmuşlar
- Kent University, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Bahattin Avci
- Ondokuzmayis University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Kanat Gülle
- Süleyman Demirel University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Isparta, Turkey
| | - Meryem Akpolat Ferah
- Bülent Ecevit University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Zonguldak, Turkey
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22
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Anti-Genotoxicity Evaluation of Ellagic Acid and Curcumin—An In Vitro Study on Zebrafish Blood Cells. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app11178142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Genotoxicity is the ability of specific substances to cause DNA damage, affecting development, physiology, and reproduction. This is often mediated by induction of oxidative stress. This in vitro study aims to test the ability of two antioxidants, ellagic acid (EA, 100 µM) and curcumin (Cur, 40 µM) to protect zebrafish blood cells from the genotoxic action of benzene (10 µL/mL). Cells were treated for 30, 60, and 90 min with EA or Cur alone and in combination with benzene. The antigenotoxic role of antioxidants was evaluated in terms of cytotoxicity by trypan blue dye, genome stability by RAPD-PCR technique, DNA fragmentation and percentage of apoptotic cells using Comet and Diffusion assay, respectively. The results did not show statistical differences in terms of cell viability, genome stability, DNA damage and apoptosis between cells treated with antioxidants. When zebrafish blood cells were co-incubated with individual antioxidants and benzene, a significant improvement of these parameters was observed in comparison with cells incubated in benzene. Our results suggested that EA and Cur are able to protect zebrafish blood cells against DNA damage and apoptosis caused by mutagenic substance, and laid the foundation for future studies investigating their antigenotoxic potential in DNA oxidative damage therapy.
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Karakoç MD, Sekkin S. Effects of Oleuropein on Epirubicin and Cyclophosphamide Combination Treatment in Rats. Turk J Pharm Sci 2021; 18:420-429. [PMID: 34496482 DOI: 10.4274/tjps.galenos.2020.69008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Objectives Oleuropein is the main bioactive polyphenolic compound in olive leaves, olive, and olive oil. Its anticancer, antioxidant, and antiinflammatory effects have been proven through several in vitro and in vivo studies. This study aimed to explore the effects of oleuropein on cyclophosphamideand epirubicin-induced toxicity in female rats. Materials and Methods Seven groups containing eight rats in each group were formed. Four cycles of 16 mg/kg/week of cyclophosphamide and 2.5 mg/kg/week of epirubicin were administered to the rats through intraperitoneal injection. Oleuropein (150 mg/kg/week) was simultaneously applied via oral gavage. The effects of oleuropein were examined with hemogram tests in whole blood samples and biochemical analysis in serum samples. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in the serum samples were analyzed through enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Subsequently, a comet assay was performed using lymphocyte DNA. The levels of oxidant [i.e., malondialdehyde (MDA)] and antioxidants [i.e., catalase (CAT), glutathione (GSH), and superoxide dismutase (SOD)] were measured in the heart, kidney, and liver tissues. Results Oleuropein could reduce DNA damage and serum TNF-α and IL-6 levels. It also ameliorated some hemogram and biochemical parameters that deteriorated due to antineoplastic drugs. It increased the amounts of antioxidants (GSH, SOD, and CAT) and reduced the level of MDA in the heart, kidney, and liver tissues. Conclusion Oleuropein might be a beneficial agent against toxicity caused by the combination treatment of cyclophosphamide and epirubicin. Further studies should be performed to demonstrate the protective effects of oleuropein against antineoplastic induced-toxicity precisely.
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Affiliation(s)
- Metin Deniz Karakoç
- Aydın Adnan Menderes University Health Sciences Institute, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Aydın, Turkey
| | - Selim Sekkin
- Aydın Adnan Menderes University Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Aydın, Turkey
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Nandini C, Madhunapantula SV, Bovilla VR, Ali M, Mruthunjaya K, Santhepete MN, Jayashree K. Platelet enhancement by Carica papaya L. leaf fractions in cyclophosphamide induced thrombocytopenic rats is due to elevated expression of CD110 receptor on megakaryocytes. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 275:114074. [PMID: 33831466 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2019] [Revised: 01/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Carica papaya leaf juice/decoction has been in use in folk medicine in Srilanka, Malaysia and in few parts of India for enhancing the platelet counts in dengue. In Siddha medicine, a traditional form of medicine in India, papaya leaf juice has been used for increasing the platelet counts. Papaya leaf has been reported to enhance blood volume in ancient Ayurveda books in India. Carica papaya leaf is well known for its platelet enhancement activity. Although many preclinical and clinical studies have demonstrated the ability of papaya leaf juice for platelet enhancement, but the underlying mechanisms are still unclear. AIM OF THE STUDY The study is aimed at identifying the key ingredients of papaya leaf extract and elucidate the mechanism (s) of action of the identified potent component in mitigating thrombocytopenia (Thp). MATERIALS AND METHODS C. papaya leaf juice was subjected for sequential fractionation to identify the anti-thrombocytopenic phytochemicals. In vivo, stable thrombocytopenia was induced by subcutaneous injection of 70 mg/kg cyclophosphamide (Cyp). After induction, rats were treated with 200 and 400 mg/kg body weight papaya leaf juice and with identified fractions for 14 days. Serum thrombopoietin level was estimated using ELISA. CD110/cMpl, a receptor for thrombopoietin on platelets was measured by western blotting. RESULTS Administration of cyclophosphamide for 6 days induced thrombocytopenia (210.4 ± 14.2 × 103 cells/μL) in rats. Treating thrombocytopenic rats with papaya leaf juice and butanol fraction for 14 days significantly increased the platelet count to 1073.50 ± 29.6 and 1189.80 ± 36.5 × 103 cells/μL, respectively. C.papaya extracts normalized the elevated bleeding and clotting time and decreased oxidative markers by increasing endogenous antioxidants. A marginal increase in the serum thrombopoietin (TPO) level was observed in Cyp treated group compared to normal and treatment groups. Low expression of CD110/cMpl receptor found in Cyp treated group was enhanced by C. papaya extracts (CPJ) and CPJ-BT. Furthermore, examination of the morphology of bone marrow megakaryocytes, histopathology of liver and kidneys revealed the ability of CPJ and fractions in mitigating Cyp-induced thrombocytopenia in rats. CONCLUSION C. papaya leaf juice enhances the platelet count in chemotherapy-induced thrombocytopenia by increasing the expression of CD110 receptor on the megakaryocytes. Hence, activating CD110 receptor might be a viable strategy to increase the platelet production in individuals suffering from thrombocytopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Nandini
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru, Karnataka, India
| | - SubbaRao V Madhunapantula
- Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine (CEMR), JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru, Karnataka, India.
| | - Venugopal R Bovilla
- Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine (CEMR), JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru, Karnataka, India
| | - Mohammad Ali
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru, Karnataka, India
| | - K Mruthunjaya
- Department of Pharmacognosy, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru, Karnataka, India
| | - Manjula N Santhepete
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru, Karnataka, India.
| | - K Jayashree
- Department of Pathology, JSS Medical College and Hospital, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru, Karnataka, India.
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Baharmi S, Kalantari H, Kalantar M, Goudarzi M, Mansouri E, Kalantar H. Pretreatment with Gallic Acid Mitigates Cyclophosphamide Induced Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in Mice. Curr Mol Pharmacol 2021; 15:204-212. [PMID: 34061011 DOI: 10.2174/1874467214666210531162741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2020] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cyclophosphamide (CP) as an alkylating compound has been widely applied to treat cancer and autoimmune diseases. CP is observed to be nephrotoxic in humans and animals because it produces reactive oxygen species. Gallic acid (GA), a polyhydroxy phenolic compound, is reported to exhibit antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. OBJECTIVE The current research aimed at evaluating the GA effect on CP-related renal toxicity. METHODS In total, 35 male mice were assigned to 5 groups. Group1: receiving normal saline, group 2: CP group, receiving one CP injection (200 mg/kg; i.p.) on day 6. Groups 3 and 4: GA+CP, GA (10 and 30 mg/kg; p.o.; respectively) received through six consecutive days plus CP on the 6th day 2 hr after the last dose of GA, group 5: received GA (30 mg/kg; p.o.) for six consecutive days. Then on day 7, blood samples were collected for determining creatinine (Cr), serum kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) concentrations. Malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO) concentration, catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activities, and IL-1β, TNF-α levels were assessed in renal tissue. RESULTS CP administration significantly increases KIM-1, NGAL, Cr, BUN, MDA, NO, IL-1β, and TNF-α level. It also decreases GSH concentration, SOD, GPx, and CAT function. Pretreatment with GA prevented these changes. Histopathological assessments approved the GA protective effect. CONCLUSION Our results showed that GA is possibly effective as a protective agent in cyclophosphamide-associated toxicities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeed Baharmi
- Toxicology Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Heibatullah Kalantari
- Toxicology Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | | | - Mehdi Goudarzi
- Medicinal Plant Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Esrafil Mansouri
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Hadi Kalantar
- Toxicology Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
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Wanas H, El-Shabrawy M, Mishriki A, Attia H, Emam M, Aboulhoda BE. Nebivolol protects against cyclophosphamide-induced nephrotoxicity through modulation of oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2021; 48:811-819. [PMID: 33590494 DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.13481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Revised: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The usefulness of cyclophosphamide (CP) in the treatment of multiple human malignancies and immunological diseases is hindered by the danger of developing nephrotoxicity. The toxic metabolites of CP are suggested to be responsible for oxidative stress resulted from the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and stimulation of lipid peroxidation. Nebivolol (NEB) is a third-generation selective B1 adrenoceptor antagonist, but it has also various pharmacological properties such as anti-inflammation, anti-apoptotic, and antioxidant activities. Thus, the present study aims to explore the potential protective effect of NEB against CP-induced nephrotoxicity. A cumulative dose of CP (75 mg/kg) was administered to albino rats by intraperitoneal injection. The protective effect of NEB was investigated by co-administration of NEB (10 mg/kg orally daily). Administration of NEB with CP significantly improved renal functions and reduced the oxidative renal changes induced by CP injection. Co-administration of NEB ameliorated apoptosis and inflammatory markers that were markedly exaggerated by CP. Our results indicated that NEB could be used as a protective agent against CP-induced nephrotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanaa Wanas
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Taibah University, Madinah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed El-Shabrawy
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Amal Mishriki
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hisham Attia
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Emam
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Basma Emad Aboulhoda
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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Ma X, Ruan Q, Ji X, Yang J, Peng H. Ligustrazine alleviates cyclophosphamide-induced hepatotoxicity via the inhibition of Txnip/Trx/NF-κB pathway. Life Sci 2021; 274:119331. [PMID: 33716060 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Revised: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Cyclophosphamide (CP) is a common therapeutic drug for cancer, but exposure to CP can cause acute hepatotoxicity. This study aimed to elucidate the protective effects of Ligustrazine (2, 3, 5, 6-tetramethylpyrazine, TMP) on hepatotoxicity induced by CP or its active metabolite 4-hydroperoxycyclophosphamide (4-HC). MAIN METHODS We presented a comprehensive investigation about the hepatoprotection of TMP on CP-induced mice and 4-HC-treated HSC-LX2 cells. Liver function was detected via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Hepatic histopathology analysis was performed via hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) and Masson staining. Survival of hepatocytes was detected by TUNEL assay. Related proteins in the thioredoxin (Trx)-interacting protein (Txnip)/Trx/Nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) pathway were measured by western blotting. KEY FINDINGS The results indicated that CP or 4-HC could increase the levels of alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase, enhance inflammatory factors and oxidative indicators, and suppress the activity of oxidoreductases. Moreover, significant changes in liver histological structure, fibrosis, and cell death were observed through the activation of Txnip/Trx/NF-κB pathway. In contrast, administration of TMP significantly reversed these above changes. Furthermore, TMP intervention participated in the inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasome accompanied with pyroptosis, as well as upregulating Trx expression and downregulating p-NF-κB, while the protective effect of TMP was limited to the involvement of Txnip overexpression. SIGNIFICANCE TMP treatment could significantly alleviate the hepatotoxicity process as evidenced by improving the structure and function of the liver, inhibiting oxidative stress and inflammation accompanied with pyroptosis, which was positively correlated with the inhibition of Txnip/Trx/NF-κB pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinfei Ma
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qinli Ruan
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaotian Ji
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kunshan Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Kunshan 215300, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ju Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kunshan Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Kunshan 215300, Jiangsu, China
| | - Huiping Peng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kunshan Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Kunshan 215300, Jiangsu, China.
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Weng Q, Sun H, Fang C, Xia F, Liao H, Lee J, Wang J, Xie A, Ren J, Guo X, Li F, Yang B, Ling D. Catalytic activity tunable ceria nanoparticles prevent chemotherapy-induced acute kidney injury without interference with chemotherapeutics. Nat Commun 2021; 12:1436. [PMID: 33664241 PMCID: PMC7933428 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-21714-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a prevalent and lethal adverse event that severely affects cancer patients receiving chemotherapy. It is correlated with the collateral damage to renal cells caused by reactive oxygen species (ROS). Currently, ROS management is a practical strategy that can reduce the risk of chemotherapy-related AKI, but at the cost of chemotherapeutic efficacy. Herein, we report catalytic activity tunable ceria nanoparticles (CNPs) that can prevent chemotherapy-induced AKI without interference with chemotherapeutic agents. Specifically, in the renal cortex, CNPs exhibit catalytic activity that decomposes hydrogen peroxide, and subsequently regulate the ROS-involved genes by activating the Nrf2/Keap1 signaling pathway. These restore the redox homeostasis for the protection of kidney tubules. Under an acidic tumor microenvironment, CNPs become inert due to the excessive H+ that disrupts the re-exposure of active catalytic sites, allowing a buildup of chemotherapy-mediated ROS generation to kill cancer cells. As ROS-modulating agents, CNPs incorporated with context-dependent catalytic activity, hold a great potential for clinical prevention and treatment of AKI in cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinjie Weng
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Hangzhou Institute of Innovative Medicine, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Heng Sun
- Hangzhou Institute of Innovative Medicine, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chunyan Fang
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fan Xia
- Hangzhou Institute of Innovative Medicine, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hongwei Liao
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiyoung Lee
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jincheng Wang
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - An Xie
- Hangzhou Institute of Innovative Medicine, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiafeng Ren
- Hangzhou Institute of Innovative Medicine, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xia Guo
- Hangzhou Institute of Innovative Medicine, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fangyuan Li
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Hangzhou Institute of Innovative Medicine, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bo Yang
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Hangzhou Institute of Innovative Medicine, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Daishun Ling
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
- Hangzhou Institute of Innovative Medicine, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
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29
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Pigarev SE, Trashkov AP, Panchenko AV, Yurova MN, Bykov VN, Fedoros EI, Anisimov VN. Evaluation of the genotoxic and antigenotoxic potential of lignin-derivative BP-C2 in the comet assay in vivo. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2021; 192:110321. [PMID: 33075358 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.110321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The genotoxic and antigenotoxic potential of BP-C2, a novel lignin-derived polyphenolic composition with ammonium molybdate, was investigated as a radioprotector/radiomitigator for civil applications and as a medical countermeasure for radiation emergencies. Using the alkaline comet assay and methyl methanesulfonate (MMS, 40 mg/kg) as the DNA-damaging agent, these effects of BP-C2 on liver, bone marrow cells and blood leukocytes in rats were studied. The DNA damage was estimated by the DNA content in the comet tail (TDNA, %) 1, 6 and 18 h post exposure to MMS. BP-C2 at doses of 20, 200 and 2000 mg/kg did not exert genotoxic activity in the tested tissues in rats. BP-C2 administered at doses of 20, 100 and 200 mg/kg 1 h before MMS significantly (p < 0.01) mitigated MMS-induced DNA damage, showing a strong genoprotective effect in the liver. In blood leukocytes and bone marrow samples of animals treated with BP-C2, the TDNA % was slightly higher than in the negative control (vehicle) but significantly lower than in the positive control (MMS). Thus, BP-C2 exerted a genoprotective effect against MMS-induced DNA damage to a greater extent towards liver cells, requiring further evaluation of this substance as a genoprotective agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- S E Pigarev
- N.N. Petrov National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Saint Petersburg, Russia; Nobel LTD, Saint-Petersburg, Russia.
| | - A P Trashkov
- Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute Named By B.P. Konstantinov of NRC "Kurchatov Institute", Gatchina, Russia
| | - A V Panchenko
- N.N. Petrov National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Saint Petersburg, Russia; FSBSI "Research Institute of Medical Primatology", Sochi, Russian
| | - M N Yurova
- N.N. Petrov National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - V N Bykov
- N.N. Petrov National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - E I Fedoros
- N.N. Petrov National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Saint Petersburg, Russia; Nobel LTD, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - V N Anisimov
- N.N. Petrov National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Saint Petersburg, Russia
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ÇETİK YILDIZ S, KESKİN C, ŞAHİNTÜRK V, AYHANCI A. Wistar albino sıçanlarında Hypericum triquetrifolium Turra. tohum metanol ekstraktlarının siklofosfamid-nedenli mesane hemorajik sistiti ve nefrotoksisitesi üzerine üroprotektif etkilerinin incelenmesi. CUKUROVA MEDICAL JOURNAL 2020. [DOI: 10.17826/cumj.730817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Nephroprotective effect of exogenous hydrogen sulfide donor against cyclophosphamide-induced toxicity is mediated by Nrf2/HO-1/NF-κB signaling pathway. Life Sci 2020; 264:118630. [PMID: 33169683 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Revised: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
AIM Cyclophosphamide (CP) is an effective anticancer and immunosuppressive agent. However, it induces nephrotoxicity that limits its use. This study explored the effect of H2S, an important biological signaling molecule with a cytoprotective activity, on CP-induced nephrotoxicity. METHODS Male Wistar rats were treated with saline or NaHS (100 μM/kg/day, H2S donor) or dl-propargylglycine (PAG) (30 mg/kg/day, H2S blocker) for 10 days before a single i.p injection of CP (200 mg/kg). Then, rats were sacrificed, and renal functions were assessed in serum. Histopathological changes, as well as oxidant defenses, inflammatory and apoptotic markers in the renal tissue, were evaluated. KEY FINDINGS Pretreatment with NaHS significantly reduced the urea and creatinine levels that were elevated in CP-intoxicated rats. NaHS increased the expression of the cytoprotective nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and its subsequent antioxidant proteins; heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), NAD(P) H quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1), reduced glutathione (GSH) and superoxide dismutase (SOD). Moreover, NaHS prohibited the histopathological damage induced by CP. The inhibition of caspase-3 and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) supported the protective role of H2S against CP-induced kidney damage. On the other hand, blocking endogenous H2S did not provide a more significant deterioration in CP-induced nephrotoxicity in terms of oxidative stress or inflammatory status. SIGNIFICANCE Exogenous H2S donors exhibited a protective effect against CP-induced nephrotoxicity, which may be mediated via the Nrf2/HO-1/NF-κB signaling pathway. However, endogenous H2S may be insufficient to protect the cell against the induced oxidative damage. This approach provides a novel target to prevent nephrotoxicity of CP.
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Orlova AA, Povydysh MN. CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS OF GEUM RIVALE L. AND THEIR BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY. PHARMACY & PHARMACOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.19163/2307-9266-2020-8-2-133-146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the study is to review the literature data on the chemical constituents of arial and underground parts of Geum rivale L. (Rosaceae) and the pharmacological activity of its extracts and individual compounds.Materials and methods. The study was carried out using Internet resources (Google Scholar, PubMed) and library databases (e-Library, Scopus, Web of Science). The main research methods were a review and analysis of the literature data on the topic for the period from 1958 up to the present.Results. For the period from 1958 up to the present more than 80 components in the arial and underground parts of G. rivale have been identified. Among them there were components of the essential oil, phenolic acids and coumarins, aglycones of flavonoids, including luteolin, apigenin, quercetin and kaempferol, as well as a number of their glycosides and glucuronides, ellagitannins (hemin A, B, C, D, pedunculagin, stachiurin/casuarinin, tellimagrandin I). Some aspects of the pharmacological activity of total extracts and individual secondary metabolites of G. rivale have been studied, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antimicrobial, antiviral activities have been experimentally confirmed.Conclusion. The analysis of the literature data showed that a further study of the composition of metabolites of G. rivale and their pharmacological activity is an urgent task, the solution of which will expand the range of use of this plant in medical practice and consider G. rivale as a promising source of pharmaceutical substances for the creation of new drugs and biologically active additives.
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Quercetin, chrysin, caffeic acid and ferulic acid ameliorate cyclophosphamide-induced toxicities in SH-SY5Y cells. Mol Biol Rep 2020; 47:8535-8543. [DOI: 10.1007/s11033-020-05896-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Khan TH, Ganaie MA, Alharthy KM, Madkhali H, Jan BL, Sheikh IA. Naringenin prevents doxorubicin-induced toxicity in kidney tissues by regulating the oxidative and inflammatory insult in Wistar rats. Arch Physiol Biochem 2020; 126:300-307. [PMID: 30406686 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2018.1529799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
This study is undertaken to investigate the effects of naringenin on doxorubicin- (Dox) induced nephrotoxicity in Wistar rats. Dox 10 mg/kg body weight was administered intraperitoneally once and naringenin 50 and 100 mg/kg body weight was administered orally daily for 21 d. Dox-induced oxidative stress lead to steep elevation in blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1), compared to control, treatment with naringenin preserved kidney functions. With Dox treatment significant decrease in antioxidant enzymes with increase in malondialdehyde (MDA) compared to control was observed. Naringenin treatment reversed these values compared to Dox in kidney tissue. Dox treatment showed increased tissue nitric oxide levels naringenin treatment decreased nitric oxide (NO) in kidney tissue. Furthermore, Dox-induced inflammatory burst as indicated by up-regulation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) tissue levels and prostaglandin-E2 (PGE-2). All such events were normalised back to normal by naringenin treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tajdar Husain Khan
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattan Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Majid Ahmad Ganaie
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattan Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid Mofleh Alharthy
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattan Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hassan Madkhali
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattan Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Basit Latief Jan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ishfaq Ahmad Sheikh
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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El‐Shabrawy M, Mishriki A, Attia H, Emad Aboulhoda B, Emam M, Wanas H. Protective effect of tolvaptan against cyclophosphamide-induced nephrotoxicity in rat models. Pharmacol Res Perspect 2020; 8:e00659. [PMID: 32996719 PMCID: PMC7525803 DOI: 10.1002/prp2.659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Revised: 08/08/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyclophosphamide (CP) is a chemotherapeutic agent which is extensively used in the treatment of multiple neoplastic and nonneoplastic diseases like breast cancer, lymphomas, systemic lupus erythematosus, and multiple sclerosis. Dose-limiting side effects, mainly nephrotoxicity is a major problem hindering its use in the clinical practice. CP induces nephrogenic syndrome of inappropriate antidiuresis mostly via the activation of arginine vasopressin V2 receptors. Moreover, CP produces reactive metabolites which is responsible for augmentation of lipid peroxidation and oxidative stress. Tolvaptan (TOL) is a selective vasopressin V2 receptor antagonist used in the treatment of clinically significant hyponatremia, volume overload in heart failure, and liver cirrhosis with edema. The present study aimed to investigate the potential protective effect of TOL in CP-induced nephrotoxicity. Twenty-four adult male albino rats were randomly divided into four groups: the control group, TOL group that treated daily with tolvaptan (10 mg/kg/d, orally), CP group where CP was administered intraperitoneally 75 mg/kg on days 3, 4, 5, 19, 20, and 21 of study, and the CP + TOL group where animals were treated with TOL daily with (10 mg/kg/d, orally) for 22 days with concomitant administration of CP as described before. Coadministration of TOL with CP induces significant improvement in the level of urine volume, serum Na+, serum osmolarity, urinary creatinine, and free water clearance in addition to significant reduction of body weight, serum creatinine, urea, serum K+, blood pressure, urine osmolarity, and the fractional excretion of sodium as compared to CP-treated group. In addition, coadministration of TOL significantly reduced MDA, the marker of lipid peroxidation, and different pro-inflammatory cytokines. Histopathological changes showed improvement in the signs of nephrotoxicity with the coadministration of TOL. Also, co-treatment with TOL significantly decreased the level of markers of apoptosis as caspase-3 and Bax with increased expression of antiapoptotic Bcl-2 in renal tissue as compared to CP-treated group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed El‐Shabrawy
- Department of Medical PharmacologyFaculty of MedicineCairo UniversityCairoEgypt
| | - Amal Mishriki
- Department of Medical PharmacologyFaculty of MedicineCairo UniversityCairoEgypt
| | - Hisham Attia
- Department of Medical PharmacologyFaculty of MedicineCairo UniversityCairoEgypt
| | - Basma Emad Aboulhoda
- Department of Anatomy and EmbryologyFaculty of medicineCairo UniversityCairoEgypt
| | - Mohamed Emam
- Department of HistopathologyFaculty of MedicineCairo UniversityCairoEgypt
| | - Hanaa Wanas
- Department of Medical PharmacologyFaculty of MedicineCairo UniversityCairoEgypt
- Department of Toxicology and PharmacologyFaculty of PharmacyTaibah UniversityMadinahSaudi Arabia
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Ayza MA, Rajkapoor B, Wondafrash DZ, Berhe AH. Protective Effect of Croton macrostachyus (Euphorbiaceae) Stem Bark on Cyclophosphamide-Induced Nephrotoxicity in Rats. J Exp Pharmacol 2020; 12:275-283. [PMID: 32943947 PMCID: PMC7468371 DOI: 10.2147/jep.s260731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cyclophosphamide is an alkylating antineoplastic agent and its major limitation is injury to normal tissue, leading to multiple organ toxicity, including kidney, heart, liver and reproductive toxicity. Croton macrostachyus (Euphorbiaceae) has been used in Ethiopian traditional medicine to manage renal diseases. Objective The present study aims to assess the protective effect of the stem bark extract and solvent fractions of Croton macrostachyus on cyclophosphamide-induced nephrotoxicity in rats. Methods Nephrotoxicity was induced using cyclophosphamide 200 mg/kg i.p injection on the first day of the experiment. The negative control groups were administered with cyclophosphamide alone (200 mg/kg, i.p.). The crude extracts were administered at three dose levels (100, 200, and 400 mg/kg), while aqueous and ethyl acetate fractions were given at two dose levels (100 and 200 mg/kg). Excepting the normal control, all groups were subjected to cyclophosphamide toxicity on the first day. Results Treatment with crude extract 100 mg/kg and ethyl acetate fraction significantly decreased kidney-to-body weight ratio (P < 0.001). In addition, treatment with Croton macrostachyus crude extract and solvent fractions significantly decreased serum blood urea nitrogen (BUN) level (P < 0.001). Treatment with 100 and 200 mg/kg of ethyl acetate fraction significantly decreased serum creatinine level. Histopathological results confirmed the protective effect of the crude extract and solvent fractions of Croton macrostachyus. Conclusion Croton macrostachyus possesses nephroprotective activities and it could be a possible source of treatment for cyclophosphamide-induced nephrotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muluken Altaye Ayza
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Ethiopia
| | - Balasubramanian Rajkapoor
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Ethiopia.,Department of Pharmacology, JKK Nattraja College of Pharmacy, Komarapalayam 638 183, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Dawit Zewdu Wondafrash
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Ethiopia
| | - Abera Hadgu Berhe
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Ethiopia
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Jiang X, Ren Z, Zhao B, Zhou S, Ying X, Tang Y. Ameliorating Effect of Pentadecapeptide Derived from Cyclina sinensis on Cyclophosphamide-Induced Nephrotoxicity. Mar Drugs 2020; 18:md18090462. [PMID: 32916975 PMCID: PMC7551019 DOI: 10.3390/md18090462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Revised: 09/05/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Cyclophosphamide (CTX) is a widely used anticancer drug with severe nephrotoxicity. The pentadecapeptide (RVAPEEHPVEGRYLV) from Cyclina sinensis (SCSP) has been shown to affect immunity and to protect the liver. Hence, the purpose of this study was to investigate the ameliorating effect of SCSP on CTX-induced nephrotoxicity in mice. We injected male ICR mice with CTX (80 mg/kg·day) and measured the nephrotoxicity indices, levels of antioxidant enzymes, malondialdehyde (MDA), inflammatory factors, as well as the major proteins of the NF-κB and apoptotic pathways. Cyclophosphamide induced kidney injury; the levels of kidney-injury indicators and cytokines recovered remarkably in mice after receiving SCSP. The activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and catalase (CAT) increased, while there was a significant decrease in MDA levels. The kidney tissue damage induced by CTX was also repaired to a certain extent. In addition, SCSP significantly inhibited inflammatory factors and apoptosis by regulating the NF-κB and apoptotic pathways. Our study shows that SCSP has the potential to ameliorate CTX-induced nephrotoxicity and may be used as a therapeutic adjuvant to ameliorate CTX-induced nephrotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Xiaoguo Ying
- Correspondence: (X.Y.); (Y.T.); Tel.: +86-0580-226-0600 (Y.T.); Fax: +86-0580-254-781 (Y.T.)
| | - Yunping Tang
- Correspondence: (X.Y.); (Y.T.); Tel.: +86-0580-226-0600 (Y.T.); Fax: +86-0580-254-781 (Y.T.)
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A novel protective role of sacubitril/valsartan in cyclophosphamide induced lung injury in rats: impact of miRNA-150-3p on NF-κB/MAPK signaling trajectories. Sci Rep 2020; 10:13045. [PMID: 32747644 PMCID: PMC7400763 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-69810-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyclophosphamide (CP) is a chemotherapeutic agent that induces oxidative stress causing multiple organ damage. Sacubitril/valsartan, is a combined formulation of neprilysin inhibitor (sacubitril) and angiotensin II receptor blocker (valsartan), that induces the protective effect of brain natriuretic peptide. The aim of the current study is to investigate the prophylactic impacts of sacubitril/valsartan versus valsartan against CP-induced lung toxicity in rats. Rats were assigned randomly into 6 groups; control; received corn oil (2 ml/kg/day; p.o. for 6 days), sacubitril/valsartan (30 mg/kg; p.o. for 6 days), valsartan (15 mg/kg; p.o. for 6 days), CP (200 mg/kg; i.p. on day 5), sacubitril/valsartan + CP (30 mg/kg; p.o. for 6 days, 200 mg/kg; i.p. single dose on day 5, respectively), valsartan + CP (15 mg/kg; p.o. for 6 days, 200 mg/kg; i.p. single dose on day 5, respectively). Both sacubitril/valsartan and valsartan produced a significant decrease in the inflammation and fibrosis markers in the BALF, in comparison with the CP group. Both sacubitril/valsartan and valsartan produced an apparent decrease in the relative genes expression of miR-150-3p and NF-κB, as well as a significant decrease in the relative expression of P38 and ERK1/2 MAPKs and an increase in the relative gene expression of Nrf-2, compared to CP group. Intriguingly, sacubitril/valsartan , showed subtle superiority in almost all investigated parameters, compared to valsartan. In conclusion, sacubitril/valsartan effectively abrogated the CP induced lung inflammation and fibrosis, providing a potential promising protection that could be linked to their ability to inhibit miR-150-3p via inhibition of NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways.
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First phytochemical study and biological activity of the leaves ethanolic extract from Cissus spinosa Cambess. SCIENTIA MEDICA 2020. [DOI: 10.15448/1980-6108.2020.1.34860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS: The objective of this study was to identify the phytochemical profile and to evaluate the biological effects of the crude ethanolic extract (EE) and the ethanolic fraction (EF) of leaves of the species Cissus spinosa Cambess, after oxidative stress induced by cyclophosphamide (CP) in mice.METHODS: Phytochemical profile was performed detecting functional groups and, analysis of total flavonoids and phenols concentration, as well as the antiradical activity in EE and EF. The phytochemical characterization was done for the identification of flavonoids present in the leaves of the plant. In the biochemical tests, hematological parameters, glucose and total cholesterol dosages in plasma, enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants and lipid damage marker were evaluated in different tissues (liver, kidney and heart), besides genotoxic and immunological analyzes. The animals received 15 days of treatment, via gavage, with EE (50 mg kg-1) or EF (50 mg kg-1) and on the 15th day, an intraperitoneal injection of CP (100 mg kg-1) or saline (0.9%). After 24 h the last treatment, the animals were anesthetized for blood withdrawal, sacrificed and removal of the organs.RESULTS: In the phytochemical analyzes, the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids and phenols was identified, the latter presented a higher concentration for EF. Eight flavonoids were identified - Rutin, Quercetin-3-β-D-glucoside, Quercitrin, Taxifolin, Quercetin, Canferol, Luteolin and Apigenin. In the biochemical analyzes, in general, EE showed a better antioxidant action against oxidative damages, hypoglycemic and antitilipemic action when comparing with EF, probably due to the synergism caused by flavonoids. It was observed the reduction and an increase of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes, due to the action of antioxidant compounds and alkaloids present in the plant, also considering the question of the seasonal period that directly interferes in the production of these compounds. In the immunological analysis, the extracts did not stimulate the spontaneous production of oxygen peroxide (H2O2) and nitric oxide (NO•). CONCLUSIONS: Other studies, such as the variation of the chemical composition of the plant by local seasonality, hypoglycemic and antilipemic action, should be carried out to better delineate the biological action present in this plant.
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Uddin SJ, Afroz M, Zihad SMNK, Rahman MS, Akter S, Khan IN, Al-Rabbi SMS, Rouf R, Islam MT, Shilpi JA, Nahar L, Tiralongo E, Sarker SD. A Systematic Review on Anti-diabetic and Cardioprotective Potential of Gallic Acid: A Widespread Dietary Phytoconstituent. FOOD REVIEWS INTERNATIONAL 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/87559129.2020.1734609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shaikh Jamal Uddin
- Department for Management of Science and Technology Development, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Mohasana Afroz
- Pharmacy Discipline, Life Science School, Khulna University, Khulna, Bangladesh
| | | | - Md. Shamim Rahman
- Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering Discipline, Life Science School, Khulna University, Khulna, Bangladesh
| | - Sanzida Akter
- Pharmacy Discipline, Life Science School, Khulna University, Khulna, Bangladesh
| | - Ishaq N. Khan
- PK-Neurooncology Research Group, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Khyber Medical University, Peshawar, 25000, Pakistan
| | | | - Razina Rouf
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Life Science, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science & Technology University, Gopalganj, Bangladesh
| | - Muhammad Torequl Islam
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Life Science, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science & Technology University, Gopalganj, Bangladesh
| | - Jamil A. Shilpi
- Pharmacy Discipline, Life Science School, Khulna University, Khulna, Bangladesh
| | - Lutfun Nahar
- Centre for Natural Products Discovery, School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, James Parsons Building, Byrom Street, LiverpoolL3 3AF, UK
| | - Evelin Tiralongo
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmacology & Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Southport, Qld, Australia
| | - Satyajit D. Sarker
- Centre for Natural Products Discovery, School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, James Parsons Building, Byrom Street, LiverpoolL3 3AF, UK
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Galal SM, Mansour HH, Elkhoely AA. Diallyl sulfide alleviates cyclophosphamide-induced nephropathic encephalopathy in rats. Toxicol Mech Methods 2019; 30:208-218. [DOI: 10.1080/15376516.2019.1695991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shereen M. Galal
- Health Radiation Research Department, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology, Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Heba H. Mansour
- Health Radiation Research Department, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology, Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Abeer A. Elkhoely
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of pharmacy, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
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Naqvi S, Sharma H, Flora SJS. Lactobionic Acid Conjugated Quercetin Loaded Organically Modified Silica Nanoparticles Mitigates Cyclophosphamide Induced Hepatocytotoxicity. Int J Nanomedicine 2019; 14:8943-8959. [PMID: 31819411 PMCID: PMC6874166 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s218577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The study was designed to investigate the therapeutic potential of lactobionic acid (LA) conjugated quercetin (Q) loaded organically modified silica nanoparticles (LA-Q-ORMOSIL) with bulk quercetin to mitigate cyclophosphamide (CP) induced liver injury. METHODOLOGY Q-ORMOSIL nanoparticles were synthesized and characterized using UV-Vis spectroscopy, TEM, Zeta sizer, FTIR and EDX. Further, encapsulation efficiency and in vitro release kinetic study was done. Q-ORMOSIL nanoparticles surface were modified with lactobionic acid, a ligand for the asialoglycoprotein receptor on the hepatocyte surface. The hepatoprotective effects of Q-ORMOSIL and LA-Q-ORMOSIL nanoparticles were evaluated in vivo. Cyclophosphamide (20 mg/kg/day, i.p) was co-administered for seven days with bulk quercetin (50mg/kg/day) and quercetin nanoparticles (50µg/kg/day). After seven days, the number of biomarkers for liver function test and oxidative stress were determined in liver homogenate. Histopathological changes were also analyzed in control and treated liver tissues. RESULTS Physiochemical characterization of LA-Q-ORMOSIL nanoparticles depicts that the particles formed were of approx. 80 nm, spherical, monodispersed in nature and showed sustain drug release in in vitro study. Our results further suggested that Q-ORMOSIL and LA-Q-ORMOSIL nanoparticles significantly decreased tissue TBARS, ROS levels and ALT, AST, and ALP activities compared to CP induced group. On the other hand, tissue antioxidant levels (GSH, GST, and catalase) showed a significant increase in LA-Q-ORMOSIL treated group compared to the CP treated group confirming its high therapeutic efficacy during liver injury. CONCLUSION Targeted nanoquercetin demonstrated a significant hepatoprotective effect compared to bulk quercetin against CP-induced hepatotoxicity and it considerably reduced bulk quercetin dose level to many folds. Bulk quercetin has low bioavailability and thus, from obtained data we suggest that LA-Q-ORMOSIL nanoparticles provide high therapeutic value in protecting experimental animals against CP-induced liver injury. We also propose multifunctional dye-doped LA-modified ORMOSIL nanoparticles for future studies in facilitating nanoparticles uptake to hepatocytes for liver diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saba Naqvi
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER-Raebareli), Lucknow226002, India
| | - Harish Sharma
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER-Raebareli), Lucknow226002, India
| | - Swaran JS Flora
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER-Raebareli), Lucknow226002, India
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Joshua PE, Asomadu RO, Eze CS, Nnamani IV, Kingsley CO, Nweje-Anya CP, Patrick VJ, Obe SA. Effect of Datura stramonium on Cyclophosphamide-induced Oxidative Stress in Albino Rats: Study on Kidney Markers. INT J PHARMACOL 2019. [DOI: 10.3923/ijp.2019.926.932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Ghareeb MA, Sobeh M, El-Maadawy WH, Mohammed HS, Khalil H, Botros S, Wink M. Chemical Profiling of Polyphenolics in Eucalyptus globulus and Evaluation of Its Hepato-Renal Protective Potential Against Cyclophosphamide Induced Toxicity in Mice. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:E415. [PMID: 31546777 PMCID: PMC6769961 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8090415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Revised: 08/17/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyclophosphamide (CP) is a potent anti-neoplastic and immunosuppressive agent; however, it causes multi-organ toxicity. We elucidated the protective activities of Eucalyptus globulus (EG) leaf extract against CP-induced hepato-renal toxicity. Mice were treated with EG for 15 days plus CP on day 12 and 13 of the experiment. Using HPLC-DAD-ESI-MS/MS, 26 secondary metabolites were identified in EG leaf extract. Out of them, 4 polyphenolic compounds were isolated: (1) 4-(O-β-d-xylopyranosyloxy)-3,5-di-hydroxy-benzoic acid, (2) 4-(O-α-l-rhamnopyranosyloxy)-3,5-di-hydroxy-benzoic acid, (3) gallic acid, and (4) methyl gallate. Effects of EG extract on biochemical parameters, gene expression, and immune-histopathological changes were assessed in comparison to mesna positive control. Results showed that EG improved CP-increased serum ALT, AST, creatinine, and blood urea nitrogen levels. The hepatic and renal tissue levels of MDA, nitric oxide, protein carbonyl, TNF-α, IL-6, and immunohistochemical expression of nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-kB) and caspase-3 were reduced. Also, hepatic and renal GSH contents, and nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (NRf2)/ hemoxygenase-1 (HO-1) signaling levels were increased. Histopathological findings supported our findings where hepatic and renal architecture were almost restored. Results revealed the protective effects of EG against CP-induced hepato-renal toxicity. These effects may be related to EG antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic properties coupled with activation of Nrf2/HO-1 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mosad A Ghareeb
- Medicinal Chemistry Department, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Kornaish El Nile, Warrak El-Hadar, Imbaba (P.O. 30), Giza 12411, Egypt.
| | - Mansour Sobeh
- Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, Heidelberg University, 44883-2462 Heidelberg, Germany.
- AgroBioSciences Research Division, Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, Lot 660-Hay MoulayRachid, 43150 Ben-Guerir, Morocco.
| | - Walaa H El-Maadawy
- Pharmacology Department, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Kornaish El Nile, Warrak El-Hadar, Imbaba (P.O. 30), Giza 12411, Egypt.
| | - Hala Sh Mohammed
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11311, Egypt.
| | - Heba Khalil
- Pathology Department, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Kornaish El Nile, Warrak El-Hadar, Imbaba (P.O. 30), Giza 12411, Egypt.
| | - Sanaa Botros
- Pharmacology Department, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Kornaish El Nile, Warrak El-Hadar, Imbaba (P.O. 30), Giza 12411, Egypt.
| | - Michael Wink
- Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, Heidelberg University, 44883-2462 Heidelberg, Germany.
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Abdelfattah-Hassan A, Shalaby SI, Khater SI, El-Shetry ES, Abd El Fadil H, Elsayed SA. Panax ginseng is superior to vitamin E as a hepatoprotector against cyclophosphamide-induced liver damage. Complement Ther Med 2019; 46:95-102. [PMID: 31519295 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctim.2019.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2019] [Revised: 08/03/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Cyclophosphamide (CPh) is a frequently used drug, in human and animals for its immunosuppressive and anticancer potential. However, it is metabolized by the liver yielding damaging toxicants (to the liver itself and other non-target vital organs) via oxidative stress, apoptosis induction and finally necrosis. Since there is no escaping of using such harmful medications, we focused on alleviating its side-effects. Panax ginseng Meyer is a potent candidate, and we still lack adequate information on its hepatoprotective role against cyclophosphamide-induced liver-damage. METHODS Here, we used P. ginseng (Korean Red Ginseng) compared to vitamin-E (natural antioxidant) in combating CPh-induced liver damage. Forty-eight albino rats were divided into 6 groups, Control, Ginseng, Vitamin E, Cyclophosphamide (CPh), CPh + Ginseng or CPh + Vitamin-E. Blood samples were taken for biochemical analyses and liver samples were collected for histopathology, oxidative stress evaluation, and gene expression analyses. RESULTS In CPh group, typical CPh-liver damage was evident (higher levels of AST, ALT, ALP; lower albumin and total proteins levels; lower liver tissue concentrations of SOD, GPX and CAT and higher MDA; injured liver histopathological picture; and finally increased TNF-α, IL-1β and Caspase3 and decreased BCL-2 genes expression). All these were abolished with either P. ginseng or vitamin-E administration. However, P. ginseng was overall superior to vitamin-E, especially in restoring blood biochemical findings and damaged histopathological picture. CONCLUSIONS Therefore, P. ginseng is a potent hepatoprotector (vitamin-E to a lesser extent) and should be considered where liver damage is expected secondary to damaging medications; as cyclophosphamide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Abdelfattah-Hassan
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, 44519, Zagazig, Egypt; Biomedical Sciences Program, University of Science and Technology, Zewail City of Science and Technology, Giza 12578, Egypt.
| | - Shimaa I Shalaby
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, 44519, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Safaa I Khater
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, 44519, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Eman S El-Shetry
- Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, 44519, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Hosny Abd El Fadil
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, 44519, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Shafika A Elsayed
- Department of Histology and Cytology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, 44519, Zagazig, Egypt
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46
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The footprints of mitochondrial impairment and cellular energy crisis in the pathogenesis of xenobiotics-induced nephrotoxicity, serum electrolytes imbalance, and Fanconi's syndrome: A comprehensive review. Toxicology 2019; 423:1-31. [PMID: 31095988 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2019.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2019] [Revised: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Fanconi's Syndrome (FS) is a disorder characterized by impaired renal proximal tubule function. FS is associated with a vast defect in the renal reabsorption of several chemicals. Inherited and/or acquired conditions seem to be connected with FS. Several xenobiotics including many pharmaceuticals are capable of inducing FS and nephrotoxicity. Although the pathological state of FS is well described, the exact underlying etiology and cellular mechanism(s) of xenobiotics-induced nephrotoxicity, serum electrolytes imbalance, and FS are not elucidated. Constant and high dependence of the renal reabsorption process to energy (ATP) makes mitochondrial dysfunction as a pivotal mechanism which could be involved in the pathogenesis of FS. The current review focuses on the footprints of mitochondrial impairment in the etiology of xenobiotics-induced FS. Moreover, the importance of mitochondria protecting agents and their preventive/therapeutic capability against FS is highlighted. The information collected in this review may provide significant clues to new therapeutic interventions aimed at minimizing xenobiotics-induced renal injury, serum electrolytes imbalance, and FS.
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47
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Abdallah HMI, Abdel-Rahman RF, El Awdan SA, Allam RM, El-Mosallamy AEMK, Selim MS, Mohamed SS, Arbid MS, Farrag ARH. Protective effect of some natural products against chemotherapy-induced toxicity in rats. Heliyon 2019; 5:e01590. [PMID: 31080906 PMCID: PMC6507045 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e01590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Revised: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim There is a great interest in combining anticancer drugs with natural products aiming at maximizing their efficacy while minimizing systemic toxicity. Hence, the present study was constructed aiming to investigate the protective potential of three natural products, 1,8-cineole an essential oil from Artemisia herba alba, exopolysaccharide (EPS) from locally identified marine streptomycete, and ellagic acid (EA), against chemotherapy-induced organ toxicity. Methods Isolation, production and characterization of EPS from marine streptomycete was done. Animals were allocated into five groups, GP1: normal control, GP2: cyclophosphamide (CYC), GP3: 1,8-cineole + CYC, GP4: EPS + CYC, GP4: EA + CYC. All drugs were administered orally 1 week before and concomitantly with CYC. Electrocardiography (ECG) analysis, liver enzymes (ALT and AST), cardiac serum markers (LDH and CK), oxidative stress biomarkers in hepatic and cardiac tissues (GSH and MDA), TGF-β1 and histopathological examination of hepatic and cardiac tissues were executed. Results The isolated stain produced EPS was identified as Streptomyces xiamenensis. EPS contains uronic, sulphate groups and different monosugars with Mw 4.65 × 104 g/mol and showed antioxidant activity against DPPH. Pretreatment of rats with 1,8-cineole, EPS and EA improved ECG abnormalities, decrease serum markers of hepato- and cardiotoxicity, prevent oxidative stress and decrease TGF-β1 in liver and heart tissues. Conclusion The present results demonstrate the hepatoprotective and cardioprotective effects of the above-mentioned natural products against CYC organ toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heba M I Abdallah
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical Division, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
| | - Rehab F Abdel-Rahman
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical Division, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
| | - Sally A El Awdan
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical Division, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
| | - Rasha M Allam
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical Division, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
| | | | - Manal S Selim
- Department of Microbial Biotechnology, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Division, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
| | - Sahar S Mohamed
- Department of Microbial Biotechnology, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Division, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud S Arbid
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical Division, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
| | - Abdel Razik H Farrag
- Department of Pathology, Medical Division, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
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48
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Gohil N, Bhattacharjee G, Khambhati K, Braddick D, Singh V. Engineering Strategies in Microorganisms for the Enhanced Production of Squalene: Advances, Challenges and Opportunities. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2019; 7:50. [PMID: 30968019 PMCID: PMC6439483 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2019.00050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 03/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The triterpene squalene is a natural compound that has demonstrated an extraordinary diversity of uses in pharmaceutical, nutraceutical, and personal care industries. Emboldened by this range of uses, novel applications that can gain profit from the benefits of squalene as an additive or supplement are expanding, resulting in its increasing demand. Ever since its discovery, the primary source has been the deep-sea shark liver, although recent declines in their populations and justified animal conservation and protection regulations have encouraged researchers to identify a novel route for squalene biosynthesis. This renewed scientific interest has profited from immense developments in synthetic biology, which now allows fine-tuning of a wider range of plants, fungi, and microorganisms for improved squalene production. There are numerous naturally squalene producing species and strains; although they generally do not make commercially viable yields as primary shark liver sources can deliver. The recent advances made toward improving squalene output from natural and engineered species have inspired this review. Accordingly, it will cover in-depth knowledge offered by the studies of the natural sources, and various engineering-based strategies that have been used to drive the improvements in the pathways toward large-scale production. The wide uses of squalene are also discussed, including the notable developments in anti-cancer applications and in augmenting influenza vaccines for greater efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nisarg Gohil
- School of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Institute of Advanced Research, Koba Institutional Area, Gandhinagar, India
| | - Gargi Bhattacharjee
- School of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Institute of Advanced Research, Koba Institutional Area, Gandhinagar, India
| | - Khushal Khambhati
- School of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Institute of Advanced Research, Koba Institutional Area, Gandhinagar, India
| | - Darren Braddick
- Department of R&D, Cementic S. A. S., Genopole, Paris, France
| | - Vijai Singh
- School of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Institute of Advanced Research, Koba Institutional Area, Gandhinagar, India
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49
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ALHaithloul HA, Alotaibi MF, Bin-Jumah M, Elgebaly H, Mahmoud AM. Olea europaea leaf extract up-regulates Nrf2/ARE/HO-1 signaling and attenuates cyclophosphamide-induced oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis in rat kidney. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 111:676-685. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.12.112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2018] [Revised: 12/15/2018] [Accepted: 12/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
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50
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Najafi A, Taheri RA, Mehdipour M, Martínez-Pastor F, Rouhollahi AA, Nourani MR. Improvement of post-thawed sperm quality in broiler breeder roosters by ellagic acid-loaded liposomes. Poult Sci 2019; 98:440-446. [PMID: 30085198 PMCID: PMC6347126 DOI: 10.3382/ps/pey353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2018] [Accepted: 07/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Liposomes could improve the delivery of substances to sperm. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of the antioxidant ellagic acid and ellagic acid-loaded liposomes on post-thawed sperm quality in broiler breeder roosters. Semen was diluted in Beltsville extender containing ellagic acid or ellagic acid-loaded liposomes (ellagic acid at 0 (control), 0.5, 1, and 2 mM) and cryopreserved. Sperm quality was evaluated post-thawing: motility characteristics (Computer-Assisted Semen Analysis), membrane functionality (HOS test), abnormal morphology, mitochondrial activity (Rhodamine 123), apoptotic status (Annexin V/Propidium iodide), malondialdehyde, and antioxidant activities (glutathione peroxidase (GPx), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and total antioxidant capacity (TAC)). The results showed that 1 mM ellagic acid-loaded liposomes improved total motility, membrane functionality, and viability comparing to 0.5 and 2 mM ellagic acid, 2 mM ellagic acid-loaded liposomes, and control group. Mitochondrial activity was significantly higher for 1 mM ellagic acid-loaded liposomes compared to the rest of the treatments, except 1 mM ellagic acid. Ellagic acid at 1 mM in both forms significantly increased GPx and TAC after freeze-thawing (no significant variation for SOD), and also yielded the lower proportion of apoptotic and dead cells. In conclusion, ellagic acid improved post-thawed sperm quality in broiler breeder roosters. The use of liposomes could further enhance the effects of ellagic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abouzar Najafi
- Nanobiotechnology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1435116471 Iran.,Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, 5166616471 Iran
| | - Ramezan Ali Taheri
- Nanobiotechnology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1435116471 Iran
| | - Mahdieh Mehdipour
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, 5166616471 Iran
| | - Felipe Martínez-Pastor
- INDEGSAL and Department of Molecular Biology (Cell Biology), Universidad de León, León, 24071 Spain
| | - Abbas Abbas Rouhollahi
- Department of Microbial Biotechnology, School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, 1417466191 Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Nourani
- Nanobiotechnology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1435116471 Iran
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