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Mosca N, Alessio N, Di Paola A, Marrapodi MM, Galderisi U, Russo A, Rossi F, Potenza N. Osteosarcoma in a ceRNET perspective. J Biomed Sci 2024; 31:59. [PMID: 38835012 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-024-01049-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most prevalent and fatal type of bone tumor. It is characterized by great heterogeneity of genomic aberrations, mutated genes, and cell types contribution, making therapy and patients management particularly challenging. A unifying picture of molecular mechanisms underlying the disease could help to transform those challenges into opportunities.This review deeply explores the occurrence in OS of large-scale RNA regulatory networks, denominated "competing endogenous RNA network" (ceRNET), wherein different RNA biotypes, such as long non-coding RNAs, circular RNAs and mRNAs can functionally interact each other by competitively binding to shared microRNAs. Here, we discuss how the unbalancing of any network component can derail the entire circuit, driving OS onset and progression by impacting on cell proliferation, migration, invasion, tumor growth and metastasis, and even chemotherapeutic resistance, as distilled from many studies. Intriguingly, the aberrant expression of the networks components in OS cells can be triggered also by the surroundings, through cytokines and vesicles, with their bioactive cargo of proteins and non-coding RNAs, highlighting the relevance of tumor microenvironment. A comprehensive picture of RNA regulatory networks underlying OS could pave the way for the development of innovative RNA-targeted and RNA-based therapies and new diagnostic tools, also in the perspective of precision oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Mosca
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Caserta, Italy
| | - Nicola Alessio
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Alessandra Di Paola
- Department of Woman, Child and General and Specialist Surgery, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Maddalena Marrapodi
- Department of Woman, Child and General and Specialist Surgery, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Umberto Galderisi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Aniello Russo
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Caserta, Italy
| | - Francesca Rossi
- Department of Woman, Child and General and Specialist Surgery, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Potenza
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Caserta, Italy.
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Chen H, Gong Z, Zhou H, Han Y. Deciphering chemoresistance in osteosarcoma: Unveiling regulatory mechanisms and function through the lens of noncoding RNA. Drug Dev Res 2024; 85:e22167. [PMID: 38444106 DOI: 10.1002/ddr.22167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is a primary malignant bone tumor and is prevalent in children, adolescents, and elderly individuals. It has the characteristics of high invasion and metastasis. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy combined with surgical resection is the most commonly used treatment for OS. However, the efficacy of OS is considerably diminished by chemotherapy resistance. In recent years, noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), including microRNAs, long noncoding RNAs, and circular RNAs, are hot topics in the field of chemotherapy resistance research. Several studies have demonstrated that ncRNAs are substantially associated with chemoresistance in OS. Thus, the present study overviews the abnormally expressed ncRNAs in OS and the molecular mechanisms involved in chemoresistance, with an emphasis on their function in promoting or inhibiting chemoresistance. ncRNAs are expected to become potential therapeutic targets for overcoming drug resistance and predictive biomarkers in OS, which are of great significance for enhancing the therapeutic effect and improving the prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hefen Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhujun Gong
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hong Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yong Han
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Dai H, Yi G, Jiang D, Min Y, Li Z. Circ_0000376 regulates miR-577/HK2/LDHA signaling pathway to promote the growth, invasion and glycolysis of osteosarcoma. J Orthop Surg Res 2024; 19:67. [PMID: 38218855 PMCID: PMC10788008 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-023-04520-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many studies have confirmed that circular RNAs (circRNAs) mediate the malignant progression of various tumors including osteosarcoma (OS). Our study is to uncover novel molecular mechanisms by which circ_0000376 regulates OS progression. METHODS The expression of circ_0000376, microRNA (miR)-577, hexokinase 2 (HK2) and lactate dehydrogenase-A (LDHA) was determined by quantitative real-time PCR. OS cell proliferation, apoptosis and invasion were measured using cell counting kit 8 assay, colony formation assay, EdU assay, flow cytometry and transwell assay. Besides, cell glycolysis was assessed by testing glucose consumption, lactate production, and ATP/ADP ratios. Protein expression was examined by western blot analysis. The interaction between miR-577 and circ_0000376 or HK2/LADA was verified by dual-luciferase reporter assay. The role of circ_0000376 on OS tumor growth was explored by constructing mice xenograft models. RESULTS Circ_0000376 had been found to be upregulated in OS tissues and cells. Functional experiments revealed that circ_0000376 interference hindered OS cell growth, invasion and glycolysis. Circ_0000376 sponged miR-577 to reduce its expression. In rescue experiments, miR-577 inhibitor abolished the regulation of circ_0000376 knockdown on OS cell functions. MiR-577 could target HK2 and LDHA in OS cells. MiR-577 suppressed OS cell growth, invasion and glycolysis, and these effects were reversed by HK2 and LDHA overexpression. Also, HK2 and LDHA expression could be regulated by circ_0000376. In vivo experiments showed that circ_0000376 knockdown inhibited OS tumorigenesis. CONCLUSION Circ_0000376 contributed to OS growth, invasion and glycolysis depending on the regulation of miR-577/HK2/LDHA axis, providing a potential target for OS treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongchun Dai
- Department of Oncology, The Third Hospital of Mianyang, Sichuan Mental Health Center, Mianyang, Sichuan, China
| | - Guangming Yi
- Department of Oncology, The Third Hospital of Mianyang, Sichuan Mental Health Center, Mianyang, Sichuan, China
| | - Dong Jiang
- Department of Oncology, The Third Hospital of Mianyang, Sichuan Mental Health Center, Mianyang, Sichuan, China
| | - Yanmei Min
- Department of Oncology, The Third Hospital of Mianyang, Sichuan Mental Health Center, Mianyang, Sichuan, China
| | - Zongwei Li
- Department of Foot and Ankle Surgery, Mianyang Orthopedic Hospital, No.30, Nanhe Road, Fucheng District, Mianyang City, 621000, Sichuan, China.
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Zhang P, Liu W, Wang Y. The mechanisms of tanshinone in the treatment of tumors. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1282203. [PMID: 37964867 PMCID: PMC10642231 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1282203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Tanshinone is a lipophilic compound that is present in traditional Chinese medicine and is derived from the roots of Salvia miltiorrhiza (Danshen). It has been proven to be highly effective in combating tumors in various parts of the body, including liver carcinoma, gastric cancer, ovarian cancer, cervix carcinoma, breast cancer, colon cancer, and prostate cancer. Tanshinone can efficiently prevent the reproduction of cancerous cells, induce cell death, and inhibit the spread of cancerous cells, which are mainly involved in the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway, NF-κB pathway, Bcl-2 family, Caspase cascades, MicroRNA, MAPK signaling pathway, p21, STAT3 pathway, miR30b-P53-PTPN11/SHP2 axis, β-catenin, and Skp2. However, the properties and mechanisms of tanshinone's anti-tumor effects remain unclear currently. Thus, this study aims to review the research progress on tumor prevention and mechanisms of tanshinone to gain new perspectives for further development and clinical application of tanshinone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengyu Zhang
- The Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Wendi Liu
- School of Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Yuan Wang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
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Alkhathami AG, Sahib AS, Al Fayi MS, Fadhil AA, Jawad MA, Shafik SA, Sultan SJ, Almulla AF, Shen M. Glycolysis in human cancers: Emphasis circRNA/glycolysis axis and nanoparticles in glycolysis regulation in cancer therapy. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 234:116007. [PMID: 37119844 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
The metabolism of cancer has been an interesting hallmark and metabolic reprogramming, especially the change from oxidative phosphorylation in mitochondria to glucose metabolism known as glycolysis occurs in cancer. The molecular profile of glycolysis, related molecular pathways and enzymes involved in this mechanism such as hexokinase have been fully understood. The glycolysis inhibition can significantly decrease tumorigenesis. On the other hand, circRNAs are new emerging non-coding RNA (ncRNA) molecules with potential biological functions and aberrant expression in cancer cells which have received high attention in recent years. CircRNAs have a unique covalently closed loop structure which makes them highly stable and reliable biomarkers in cancer. CircRNAs are regulators of molecular mechanisms including glycolysis. The enzymes involved in the glycolysis mechanism such as hexokinase are regulated by circRNAs to modulate tumor progression. Induction of glycolysis by circRNAs can significantly increase proliferation rate of cancer cells given access to energy and enhance metastasis. CircRNAs regulating glycolysis can influence drug resistance in cancers because of theirimpact on malignancy of tumor cells upon glycolysis induction. TRIM44, CDCA3, SKA2 and ROCK1 are among the downstream targets of circRNAs in regulating glycolysis in cancer. Additionally, microRNAs are key regulators of glycolysis mechanism in cancer cells and can affect related molecular pathways and enzymes. CircRNAs sponge miRNAs to regulate glycolysis as a main upstream mediator. Moreover, nanoparticles have been emerged as new tools in tumorigenesis suppression and in addition to drug and gene delivery, then mediate cancer immunotherapy and can be used for vaccine development. The nanoparticles can delivery circRNAs in cancer therapy and they are promising candidates in regulation of glycolysis, its suppression and inhibition of related pathways such as HIF-1α. The stimuli-responsive nanoparticles and ligand-functionalized ones have been developed for selective targeting of glycolysis and cancer cells, and mediating carcinogenesis inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali G Alkhathami
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Ameer S Sahib
- Department of Pharmacy, Al- Mustaqbal University College, 51001 Hilla, Iraq
| | - Majed Saad Al Fayi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Mohammed Abed Jawad
- Department of Medical Laboratories Technology, Al-Nisour University College, Iraq
| | - Sahar Ahmad Shafik
- Professor of Community Health Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Fayum University, Egypt; College of Nursing, National University of Science and Technology, Iraq
| | | | - Abbas F Almulla
- Medical Laboratory Technology Department, College of Medical Technology, The Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq
| | - Min Shen
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, China.
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Chen HH, Hao PH, Zhang FY, Zhang TN. Non-coding RNAs in metabolic reprogramming of bone and soft tissue sarcoma: Fundamental mechanism and clinical implication. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 160:114346. [PMID: 36738505 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Sarcomas, comprising approximately 1% of human malignancies, show a poor response to treatment and easy recurrence. Metabolic reprogramming play an important role in tumor development in sarcomas. Accumulating evidence shows that non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) participate in regulating the cellular metabolism of sarcomas, which improves the understanding of the development of therapy-resistant tumors. This review addresses the regulatory roles of metabolism-related ncRNAs and their implications for sarcoma initiation and progression. Dysregulation of metabolism-related ncRNAs is common in sarcomas and is associated with poor survival. Emerging studies show that abnormal expression of metabolism-related ncRNAs affects cellular metabolism, including glucose, lipid, and mitochondrial metabolism, and leads to the development of aggressive sarcomas. This review summarizes recent advances in the roles of dysregulated metabolism-related ncRNAs in sarcoma development and stemness and describes their potential to serve as biological biomarkers for disease diagnosis and prognosis prediction, as well as therapeutic targets for treating refractory sarcomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan-Huan Chen
- Department of Oncology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36, San Hao Street, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, China.
| | - Peng-Hui Hao
- Department of Pediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36, San Hao Street, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, China.
| | - Fang-Yuan Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36, San Hao Street, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, China.
| | - Tie-Ning Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36, San Hao Street, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, China.
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Ke L, Zhong C, Chen Z, Zheng Z, Li S, Chen B, Wu Q, Yao H. Tanshinone I: Pharmacological activities, molecular mechanisms against diseases and future perspectives. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 110:154632. [PMID: 36608501 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tanshinone I (Tan I) is known as one of the important active components in Salvia miltiorrhiza. In recent years, Tan I has received a substantial amount of attention from the research community for various studies being updated and has been shown to possess favorable activities including anti-oxidative stress, regulation of cell autophagy or apoptosis, inhibition of inflammation, etc. PURPOSE: To summarize the investigation progress on the anti-disease efficacy and effect mechanism of Tan I in recent years, and provide perspectives for future study on the active ingredient. METHOD Web of Science and PubMed databases were used to search for articles related to "Tanshinone I" published from 2010 to 2022. Proteins or genes and signaling pathways referring to Tan I against diseases were summarized and classified along with its different therapeutic actions. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) analysis was then performed, followed by molecular docking between proteins with high node degree and Tan I, as well as bioinformactic analysis including GO, KEGG and DO enrichment analysis with the collected proteins or genes. RESULTS Tan I shows multiple therapeutic effects, including protection of the cardiovascular system, anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, anti-neurodegenerative diseases, etc. The targets (proteins or genes) affected by Tan I against diseases involve Bcl-2, Bid, ITGA2, PPAT, AURKA, VEGF, PI3K, AKT, PRK, JNK, MMP9, ABCG2, CASP3, Cleaved-caspase-3, AMPKα, PARP, etc., and the regulatory pathways refer to Akt/Nrf2, SAPK/JNK, PI3K/Akt/mTOR, JAK/STAT3, ATF-2/ERK, etc. What's more, AKT1, CASP3, and STAT3 were predicted as the key action targets for Tan I by PPI analysis combined with molecular docking, and the potential therapeutic effects mechanisms against diseases were also further predicted by bioinformatics analyses based on the reported targets, providing new insights into the future investigation and helping to facilitate the drug development of Tan I.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyuan Ke
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122, China
| | - Chenhui Zhong
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122, China
| | - Zhijie Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122, China
| | - Ziyao Zheng
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122, China
| | - Shaoguang Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122, China
| | - Bing Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122, China; Key Laboratory of Nanomedical Technology (Education Department of Fujian Province), School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Qiaoyi Wu
- Department of Trauma and Emergency Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Chazhong Road, Fuzhou, 350004, China.
| | - Hong Yao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122, China; Key Laboratory of Nanomedical Technology (Education Department of Fujian Province), School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Drug Target Discovery and Structural and Functional Research, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122, China.
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Palacio TLN, Siqueira JS, de Paula BH, Rego RMP, Vieira TA, Baron G, Altomare A, Ferron AJT, Aldini G, Kano HT, Correa CR. Bergamot ( Citrus bergamia) leaf extract improves metabolic, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity in skeletal muscles in a metabolic syndrome experimental model. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2023; 74:64-71. [PMID: 36519349 DOI: 10.1080/09637486.2022.2154328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic Syndrome (MetS), inflammation and oxidative stress contribute to impairment of skeletal muscle function. Bergamot (Citrus bergamia) leaf extract (BLE) has shown protective effects against comorbidities associated with MetS through its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. The aim of this work was to elucidate the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity of BLE in skeletal muscles in an experimental model of MetS. Once metabolic syndrome was diagnosed, animals were divided into groups receiving different treatments for 10 weeks, including control diet (n = 10), control + BLE (n = 10), High Sugar-fat diet (HSF) (n = 10), HSF + BLE (n = 10). Evaluation included nutritional, metabolic and hormonal analyses, along with measurements of inflammatory status and oxidative stress in soleus and extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscles. BLE showed positive metabolic effects, with a reduction of plasma triglycerides and insulin resistance and an increase in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and protective activity against oxidative stress and inflammation in Soleus and EDL muscles in animals with MetS.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Giovanna Baron
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Artur Junio Togneri Ferron
- Medical School, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, Brazil.,Department of Physical Education, Integrated Colleges of Bauru (FIB), Bauru, Brazil
| | - Giancarlo Aldini
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Hugo Tadashi Kano
- Medical School, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, Brazil
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Rawat K, Shrivastava A. Neutrophils as emerging protagonists and targets in chronic inflammatory diseases. Inflamm Res 2022; 71:1477-1488. [PMID: 36289077 PMCID: PMC9607713 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-022-01627-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Neutrophils are the key cells of our innate immune system with a primary role in host defense. They rapidly arrive at the site of infection and display a range of effector functions including phagocytosis, degranulation, and NETosis to eliminate the invading pathogens. However, in recent years, studies focusing on neutrophil biology have revealed the highly adaptable nature and versatile functions of these cells which extend beyond host defense. Neutrophils are now referred to as powerful mediators of chronic inflammation. In several chronic inflammatory diseases, their untoward actions, such as immense infiltration, hyper-activation, dysregulation of effector functions, and extended survival, eventually contribute to disease pathogenesis. Therefore, a better understanding of neutrophils and their effector functions in prevalent chronic diseases will not only shed light on their role in disease pathogenesis but will also reveal them as novel therapeutic targets. METHODS We performed a computer-based online search using the databases, PubMed.gov and Clinical trials.gov for published research and review articles. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS This review provides an assessment of neutrophils and their crucial involvement in various chronic inflammatory disorders ranging from respiratory, neurodegenerative, autoimmune, and cardiovascular diseases. In addition, we also discuss the therapeutic approach for targeting neutrophils in disease settings that will pave the way forward for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kavita Rawat
- Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, New Delhi, Delhi 110007 India
| | - Anju Shrivastava
- Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, New Delhi, Delhi 110007 India
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Feng Z, Ou Y, Hao L. The roles of glycolysis in osteosarcoma. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:950886. [PMID: 36059961 PMCID: PMC9428632 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.950886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic reprogramming is of great significance in the progression of various cancers and is critical for cancer progression, diagnosis, and treatment. Cellular metabolic pathways mainly include glycolysis, fat metabolism, glutamine decomposition, and oxidative phosphorylation. In cancer cells, reprogramming metabolic pathways is used to meet the massive energy requirement for tumorigenesis and development. Metabolisms are also altered in malignant osteosarcoma (OS) cells. Among reprogrammed metabolisms, alterations in aerobic glycolysis are key to the massive biosynthesis and energy demands of OS cells to sustain their growth and metastasis. Numerous studies have demonstrated that compared to normal cells, glycolysis in OS cells under aerobic conditions is substantially enhanced to promote malignant behaviors such as proliferation, invasion, metastasis, and drug resistance of OS. Glycolysis in OS is closely related to various oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes, and numerous signaling pathways have been reported to be involved in the regulation of glycolysis. In recent years, a vast number of inhibitors and natural products have been discovered to inhibit OS progression by targeting glycolysis-related proteins. These potential inhibitors and natural products may be ideal candidates for the treatment of osteosarcoma following hundreds of preclinical and clinical trials. In this article, we explore key pathways, glycolysis enzymes, non-coding RNAs, inhibitors, and natural products regulating aerobic glycolysis in OS cells to gain a deeper understanding of the relationship between glycolysis and the progression of OS and discover novel therapeutic approaches targeting glycolytic metabolism in OS.
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Ji Q, Han J, Liu J, Lv H, Wang L, Dong Y, Shi L. LncRNA THRIL promotes high glucose-induced proliferation and migration of human retina microvascular endothelial cells through enhancing autophagy. Acta Diabetol 2022; 59:369-380. [PMID: 34718852 DOI: 10.1007/s00592-021-01813-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Diabetes retinopathy (DR) is associated with retinal microvascular system injury induced by high glucose (HG). This study aims to explore the role and mechanism of long non-coding RNA THRIL in regulating cell proliferation and migration of human retina microvascular endothelial cells (hRMECs) under HG condition. METHOD The gene and protein expression were detetced by RT-PCR and western blot, respectively. Cell proliferation and migration of hRMECs were examined using MTT assay and Transwell assay, respectively. The interaction between miR-125b-5p and THRIL or autophagy-related gene 4D (ATG4D) was analyzed using luciferase activity assay. RESULTS THRIL expression was induced by HG in hRMECs. THRIL overexpression enhanced the proliferation and migration of hRMECs induced by HG, whereas THRIL silencing yielded the opposite results. Furthermore, THRIL overexpression induced autophagy activation, and inhibition of autophagy by 3-methyladenine abrogated the promotory effects of THRIL overexpression on cell proliferation and migration of hRMECs. Mechanismly, THRIL inhibited miR-125b-5p to upregulate the expression of ATG4D (an important autophagy-related gene), thereby promoting autophagy. Moreover, miR-125b-5p overexpression or ATG4D silencing alone abolished the promoting effects of THRIL overexpression on HG-induced autophagy, proliferation and migration of hRMECs. CONCLUSIONS THRIL promotes HG-induced cell proliferation and migration of hRMECs through activation of autophagy via the miR-125b-5p/ATG4D axis. THRIL may serve as a potential therapeutic target for DR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingshan Ji
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated First Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui, 230001, China
| | - Jing Han
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated First Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui, 230001, China
| | - Jiajia Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated First Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui, 230001, China
| | - Huayi Lv
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated First Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui, 230001, China
| | - Lisong Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated First Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui, 230001, China
| | - Yiran Dong
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated First Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui, 230001, China
| | - Lei Shi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated First Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui, 230001, China.
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