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Liang T, Xu S, Liu R, Xia X. Activating transcription factor 6 alleviates secondary brain injury by increasing cystathionine γ-lyase expression in a rat model of intracerebral hemorrhage. Aging (Albany NY) 2024; 16:6990-7008. [PMID: 38613810 PMCID: PMC11087128 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) comprises primary and secondary injuries, the latter of which induces increased inflammation and apoptosis and is more severe. Activating transcription factor 6 (ATF6) is a type-II transmembrane protein in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). ATF6 target genes could improve ER homeostasis, which contributes to cryoprotection. Hence, we predict that ATF6 will have a protective effect on brain tissue after ICH. METHOD The ICH rat model was generated through autologous blood injection into the right basal ganglia, the expression of ATF6 after ICH was determined by WB and IF. The expression of ATF6 was effectively controlled by means of intervention, and a series of measures was used to detect cell death, neuroinflammation, brain edema, blood-brain barrier and other indicators after ICH. Finally, the effects on long-term neural function of rats were measured by behavioral means. RESULT ATF6 was significantly increased in the ICH-induced brain tissues. Further, ATF6 was found to modulate the expression of cystathionine γ-lyase (CTH) after ICH. Upregulation of ATF6 attenuated neuronal apoptosis and inflammation in ICH rats, along with mitigation of ICH-induced brain edema, blood-brain barrier deterioration, and cognitive behavior defects. Conversely, ATF6 genetic knockdown induced effects counter to those aforementioned. CONCLUSIONS This study thereby emphasizes the crucial role of ATF6 in secondary brain injury in response to ICH, indicating that ATF6 upregulation may potentially ameliorate ICH-induced secondary brain injury. Consequently, ATF6 could serve as a promising therapeutic target to alleviate clinical ICH-induced secondary brain injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyu Liang
- Emergency and Critical Care Center, Intensive Care Unit, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital (Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang, China
| | - Sen Xu
- Second Clinical Medical School, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, Zhejiang, China
| | - Renyang Liu
- Emergency and Critical Care Center, Intensive Care Unit, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital (Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaoping Xia
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Taizhou Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital, Wenling, Zhejiang Province, China
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Cui J, Wang H, Liu S, Zhao Y. New Insights into Roles of IL-7R Gene as a Therapeutic Target Following Intracerebral Hemorrhage. J Inflamm Res 2024; 17:399-415. [PMID: 38260810 PMCID: PMC10802176 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s438205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a subtype of stroke leading to high rates of morbidity and mortality in adults. Recent studies showed that immune and inflammatory responses might play essential roles in secondary brain injury. The purpose of this article was to provide a reference for further therapeutic strategies for ICH patients. Methods GSE206971 and GSE216607 datasets from the gene expression omnibus (GEO) database were used to screen the highly immune-related differentally expressed genes (IRDEGs). We used the CIBERSORT algorithm to assess the level of immune signatures infiltration and got the possible function of IRDEGs which was analyzed through Gene Ontology (GO) analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks and six hub genes were identified in the Cytoscape plug-in. GSVA algorithm was performed to evaluate the potential pathways of six hub genes in ICH samples. The expression level of IL-7R chosen from six hub genes was further validated by Western blotting. The cell models of ICH were established for the research of IL-7/IL-7R signaling way. Results A total of six hub genes (ITGAX, ITGAM, CCR2, CD28, SELL, and IL-7R) were identified. IL-7R was highly expressed in the mice ICH group, as shown by immunoblotting. Next, we constructed ICH cell models in RAW264.7 cells and BV2 cells. After treatment with IL-7, iNOS expression (M1 marker) was greatly inhibited while Arg-1(M2 marker) was enhanced, and it might function via the JAK3/STAT5 signaling pathway. Conclusion The hypothesis is proposed that the IL-7/IL-7R signaling pathway might regulate the inflammatory process following ICH by regulating microglia polarization. Our study is limited and requires more in-depth experimental confirmation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Cui
- Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, People’s Republic of China
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, People’s Republic of China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, People’s Republic of China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hongbin Wang
- Department of Emergency, Jiangyin Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuxi, 214400, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shiyao Liu
- Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, People’s Republic of China
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, People’s Republic of China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, People’s Republic of China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yiming Zhao
- Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, People’s Republic of China
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, People’s Republic of China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, People’s Republic of China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, People’s Republic of China
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Litke R, Vicari J, Huang BT, Shapiro L, Roh KH, Silver A, Talreja P, Palacios N, Yoon Y, Kellner C, Kaniskan H, Vangeti S, Jin J, Ramos-Lopez I, Mobbs C. Novel small molecules inhibit proteotoxicity and inflammation: Mechanistic and therapeutic implications for Alzheimer's Disease, healthspan and lifespan- Aging as a consequence of glycolysis. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.06.12.544352. [PMID: 37398396 PMCID: PMC10312632 DOI: 10.1101/2023.06.12.544352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
Inflammation drives many age-related, especially neurological, diseases, and likely mediates age-related proteotoxicity. For example, dementia due to Alzheimer's Disease (AD), cerebral vascular disease, many other neurodegenerative conditions is increasingly among the most devastating burdens on the American (and world) health system and threatens to bankrupt the American health system as the population ages unless effective treatments are developed. Dementia due to either AD or cerebral vascular disease, and plausibly many other neurodegenerative and even psychiatric conditions, is driven by increased age-related inflammation, which in turn appears to mediate Abeta and related proteotoxic processes. The functional significance of inflammation during aging is also supported by the fact that Humira, which is simply an antibody to the pro-inflammatory cytokine TNF-a, is the best-selling drug in the world by revenue. These observations led us to develop parallel high-throughput screens to discover small molecules which inhibit age-related Abeta proteotoxicity in a C. elegans model of AD AND LPS-induced microglial TNF-a. In the initial screen of 2560 compounds (Microsource Spectrum library) to delay Abeta proteotoxicity, the most protective compounds were, in order, phenylbutyrate, methicillin, and quetiapine, which belong to drug classes (HDAC inhibitors, beta lactam antibiotics, and tricyclic antipsychotics, respectably) already robustly implicated as promising to protect in neurodegenerative diseases, especially AD. RNAi and chemical screens indicated that the protective effects of HDAC inhibitors to reduce Abeta proteotoxicity are mediated by inhibition of HDAC2, also implicated in human AD, dependent on the HAT Creb binding protein (Cbp), which is also required for the protective effects of both dietary restriction and the daf-2 mutation (inactivation of IGF-1 signaling) during aging. In addition to methicillin, several other beta lactam antibiotics also delayed Abeta proteotoxicity and reduced microglial TNF-a. In addition to quetiapine, several other tricyclic antipsychotic drugs also delayed age-related Abeta proteotoxicity and increased microglial TNF-a, leading to the synthesis of a novel congener, GM310, which delays Abeta as well as Huntingtin proteotoxicity, inhibits LPS-induced mouse and human microglial and monocyte TNF-a, is highly concentrated in brain after oral delivery with no apparent toxicity, increases lifespan, and produces molecular responses highly similar to those produced by dietary restriction, including induction of Cbp inhibition of inhibitors of Cbp, and genes promoting a shift away from glycolysis and toward metabolism of alternate (e.g., lipid) substrates. GM310, as well as FDA-approved tricyclic congeners, prevented functional impairments and associated increase in TNF-a in a mouse model of stroke. Robust reduction of glycolysis by GM310 was functionally corroborated by flux analysis, and the glycolytic inhibitor 2-DG inhibited microglial TNF-a and other markers of inflammation, delayed Abeta proteotoxicity, and increased lifespan. These results support the value of phenotypic screens to discover drugs to treat age-related, especially neurological and even psychiatric diseases, including AD and stroke, and to clarify novel mechanisms driving neurodegeneration (e.g., increased microglial glycolysis drives neuroinflammation and subsequent neurotoxicity) suggesting novel treatments (selective inhibitors of microglial glycolysis).
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Almeida T, Manfroi G, Silva S, Beggiora P, Schwingel D, Bertolin TE. Exploring the Neuroprotective Effects of Spirulina platensis: Insights Into Hemorrhagic Volume and Histological Outcomes. Cureus 2023; 15:e42078. [PMID: 37602106 PMCID: PMC10434819 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.42078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Hemorrhagic events can result in significant neurological damage, and identifying effective strategies for neuroprotection is crucial. Several studies have directed their attention to the alterations in perilesional parenchymal tissue. These investigations have sought to modify ischemic and metabolic changes by utilizing potential neuroprotective agents and to develop strategies that effectively mitigate secondary perilesional neuronal damage. By gaining a deeper understanding of its mechanisms and efficacy, Spirulina platensis can emerge as a promising therapeutic intervention for various neurological disorders. Methodology This controlled and blinded experimental study was conducted on adult male Wistar rats. The rats were divided into the treatment group, which received Spirulina platensis extract for 30 days before the hemorrhagic event, and the control group, where all animals underwent the same experimental hemorrhage model using collagenase. Each group was divided into the following three subgroups based on the sacrifice time: six hours, 24 hours, and 30 days. The brain section with the largest hemorrhage volume was selected for histological analysis. The number of viable neurons was analyzed in the perilesional zone and the cortical fields along the puncture trajectory. Neurofunctional evaluations were conducted on animals sacrificed 15 and 30 days after the procedure. Results Initial analysis showed no significant difference in viable neurons between groups (p = 0.63). Still, after 24 hours, the treatment group had a significantly higher number of viable neurons per peripheral fields (18.5) compared to the control group (13.4; p < 0.05). Neurofunctional tests at 15 days indicated a trend toward significance in absolute discrimination (p = 0.054), with the control group showing higher mean values (5.5, SD = 3.1) than the treatment group (-1, SD = 5.1). The discrimination index exhibited a significant difference (p < 0.01), with higher mean values in the control group (0.59, SD = 0.34) compared to the treatment group (-0.05, SD = 0.21). No significant differences were found in other neurofunctional parameters at this time point. At 30 days, no significant differences were observed in absolute discrimination, discrimination index, contralateral paw elevation, rearing time, and wire hanging time test (p > 0.1); however, the treatment group presented a better motor performance in the open field test (14.2, SD = 9.02) compared to the control group (5.25, SD = 2.06), approaching significance (p = 0.06). Conclusions The group treated with Spirulina platensis demonstrated significantly more viable neurons in the perilesional fields 24 hours after the induced hemorrhage. The treatment group also had a relatively better motor performance in the open field test 30 days after the hemorrhage (p = 0.06). These findings suggest a potential neuroprotection effect and warrant further investigations to explore the effects of Spirulina platensis and its active component phycocyanin in acute neurological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timoteo Almeida
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Miami, Miami, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Miami, Miami, USA
| | - Gregori Manfroi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hospital Santa Marcelina, São Paulo, BRA
| | - Stephanya Silva
- Department of Morphology and Pathology, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, BRA
| | - Pamella Beggiora
- Department of Surgery and Anatomy, Ribeirão Preto School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, BRA
| | - Daniela Schwingel
- Department of Pathology, Faculdade Meridional School of Medicine, Passo Fundo, BRA
| | - Telma E Bertolin
- Graduate Program in Food Science and Technology, University of Passo Fundo, Passo Fundo, BRA
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Reyes-Esteves S, Nong J, Glassman PM, Omo-Lamai S, Ohashi S, Myerson JW, Zamora ME, Ma X, Kasner SE, Sansing L, Muzykantov VR, Marcos-Contreras OA, Brenner JS. Targeted drug delivery to the brain endothelium dominates over passive delivery via vascular leak in experimental intracerebral hemorrhage. J Control Release 2023; 356:185-195. [PMID: 36868517 PMCID: PMC10519578 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.02.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023]
Abstract
Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is one of the most common causes of fatal stroke, yet has no specific drug therapies. Many attempts at passive intravenous (IV) delivery in ICH have failed to deliver drugs to the salvageable area around the hemorrhage. The passive delivery method assumes vascular leak through the ruptured blood-brain barrier will allow drug accumulation in the brain. Here we tested this assumption using intrastriatal injection of collagenase, a well-established experimental model of ICH. Fitting with hematoma expansion in clinical ICH, we showed that collagenase-induced blood leak drops significantly by 4 h after ICH onset and is gone by 24 h. We observed passive-leak brain accumulation also declines rapidly over ∼4 h for 3 model IV therapeutics (non-targeted IgG; a protein therapeutic; PEGylated nanoparticles). We compared these passive leak results with targeted brain delivery by IV monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) that actively bind vascular endothelium (anti-VCAM, anti-PECAM, anti-ICAM). Even at early time points after ICH induction, where there is high vascular leak, brain accumulation via passive leak is dwarfed by brain accumulation of endothelial-targeted agents: At 4 h after injury, anti-PECAM mAbs accumulate at 8-fold higher levels in the brain vs. non-immune IgG; anti-VCAM nanoparticles (NPs) deliver a protein therapeutic (superoxide dismutase, SOD) at 4.5-fold higher levels than the carrier-free therapeutic at 24 h after injury. These data suggest that relying on passive vascular leak provides inefficient delivery of therapeutics even at early time points after ICH, and that a better strategy might be targeted delivery to the brain endothelium, which serves as the gateway for the immune attack on the peri-hemorrhage inflamed brain region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahily Reyes-Esteves
- Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
| | - Jia Nong
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
| | - Patrick M Glassman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Temple University School of Pharmacy, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
| | - Serena Omo-Lamai
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
| | - Sarah Ohashi
- Department of Neurology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States of America
| | - Jacob W Myerson
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
| | - Marco E Zamora
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
| | - Xiaonan Ma
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
| | - Scott E Kasner
- Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
| | - Lauren Sansing
- Department of Neurology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States of America
| | - Vladimir R Muzykantov
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
| | - Oscar A Marcos-Contreras
- Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America; Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America.
| | - Jacob S Brenner
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America; Division of Pulmonary Allergy, and Critical Care, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States of America.
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Hsueh PJ, Wang MH, Hsiao CJ, Chen CK, Lin FL, Huang SH, Yen JL, Tsai PH, Kuo YH, Hsiao G. Ergosta-7,9(11),22-trien-3β-ol Alleviates Intracerebral Hemorrhage-Induced Brain Injury and BV-2 Microglial Activation. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26102970. [PMID: 34067678 PMCID: PMC8156058 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26102970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Revised: 05/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a devastating neurological disorder characterized by an exacerbation of neuroinflammation and neuronal injury, for which few effective therapies are available at present. Inhibition of excessive neuroglial activation has been reported to alleviate ICH-related brain injuries. In the present study, the anti-ICH activity and microglial mechanism of ergosta-7,9(11),22-trien-3β-ol (EK100), a bioactive ingredient from Asian medicinal herb Antrodia camphorate, were evaluated. Post-treatment of EK100 significantly attenuated neurobehavioral deficit and MRI-related brain lesion in the mice model of collagenase-induced ICH. Additionally, EK100 alleviated the inducible expression of cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 and the activity of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 in the ipsilateral brain regions. Consistently, it was shown that EK100 concentration-dependently inhibited the expression of COX-2 protein in Toll-like receptor (TLR)-4 activator lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated microglial BV-2 and primary microglial cells. Furthermore, the production of microglial prostaglandin E2 and reactive oxygen species were attenuated by EK100. EK100 also attenuated the induction of astrocytic MMP-9 activation. Among several signaling pathways, EK100 significantly and concentration-dependently inhibited activation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) MAPK in LPS-activated microglial BV-2 cells. Consistently, ipsilateral JNK activation was markedly inhibited by post-ICH-treated EK100 in vivo. In conclusion, EK100 exerted the inhibitory actions on microglial JNK activation, and attenuated brain COX-2 expression, MMP-9 activation, and brain injuries in the mice ICH model. Thus, EK100 may be proposed and employed as a potential therapeutic agent for ICH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Po-Jen Hsueh
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences and Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (P.-J.H.); (C.-J.H.); (S.-H.H.); (J.-L.Y.)
| | - Mong-Heng Wang
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, GA 30912, USA;
| | - Che-Jen Hsiao
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences and Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (P.-J.H.); (C.-J.H.); (S.-H.H.); (J.-L.Y.)
- Laboratory of Neural Repair, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Kuang Chen
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan;
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Tayouan, Taoyuan 33378, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
| | - Fan-Li Lin
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart 7000, Tasmania, Australia;
| | - Shu-Hsien Huang
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences and Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (P.-J.H.); (C.-J.H.); (S.-H.H.); (J.-L.Y.)
| | - Jing-Lun Yen
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences and Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (P.-J.H.); (C.-J.H.); (S.-H.H.); (J.-L.Y.)
| | - Ping-Huei Tsai
- Translational Imaging Research Center, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan;
- Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, Chung Shang Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
| | - Yueh-Hsiung Kuo
- Department of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine Resources, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
- Department of Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
- Chinese Medicine Research Center, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (Y.-H.K.); (G.H.); Tel./Fax: +886-2-23778620 (G.H.)
| | - George Hsiao
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences and Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (P.-J.H.); (C.-J.H.); (S.-H.H.); (J.-L.Y.)
- Correspondence: (Y.-H.K.); (G.H.); Tel./Fax: +886-2-23778620 (G.H.)
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Diaz Diaz AC, Shearer JA, Malone K, Waeber C. Acute Treatment With Fingolimod Does Not Confer Long-Term Benefit in a Mouse Model of Intracerebral Haemorrhage. Front Pharmacol 2021; 11:613103. [PMID: 33488389 PMCID: PMC7821021 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.613103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH) has no specific treatment, but accounts for up to 15% of all strokes and has the highest mortality. Fingolimod (FTY720) is an immunomodulator approved for the management of multiple sclerosis, with abundant evidence of efficacy in experimental ischemic stroke, and more limited evidence in experimental ICH. The goal of this study was to confirm the efficacy of fingolimod in experimental ICH using rigorous and statistically well-powered studies. ICH was induced in C57BL/6JOlaHsd male and female mice by intrastriatal bacterial collagenase injection. Fingolimod (0.5 mg/kg) or saline was administered intraperitoneally after 0.5, 24 and 72 h, in a randomized and blinded manner. Functional improvement with cylinder, wire hanging, and foot fault tests was evaluated one and two weeks later. Lesion volume and hemispheric atrophy were quantified at the 14-day endpoint. There was a higher mortality in saline-treated females compared to fingolimod-treated females and saline-treated males. There was no treatment- or gender-related difference in the behavioural tests. Histological outcome measures did not differ between any of the groups. These results, contrasting with those of previous studies of fingolimod in experimental ICH, emphasize the importance of rigorous testing of this agent in models more representative of the clinical situation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Kyle Malone
- School of Pharmacy, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Christian Waeber
- School of Pharmacy, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.,Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
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Liu CZ, Zhou HJ, Zhong JH, Tang T, Cui HJ, Zhou JH, Zhang Q, Mei ZG. Leukemia Inhibitory Factor Decreases Neurogenesis and Angiogenesis in a Rat Model of Intracerebral Hemorrhage. Curr Med Sci 2019; 39:298-304. [DOI: 10.1007/s11596-019-2034-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2018] [Revised: 10/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Zhang X, Gu Y, Li P, Jiang A, Sheng X, Jin X, Shi Y, Li G. Matrix Metalloproteases-Mediated Cleavage on β-Dystroglycan May Play a Key Role in the Blood-Brain Barrier After Intracerebral Hemorrhage in Rats. Med Sci Monit 2019; 25:794-800. [PMID: 30686819 PMCID: PMC6362757 DOI: 10.12659/msm.908500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is well documented that the Blood-Brain barrier (BBB) can be damaged by matrix metalloproteases (MMPs) after intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), but little is known about the mechanism of this effect. MATERIAL AND METHODS We established an ICH model in rats by injecting collagenase VII into the striatum. Afterwards, intraperitoneal injection of these rats with 40 mg/kg GM6001 (a MMPs inhibitor). The effects of GM6001 on ICH were investigated by neurological severity score, brain water content, Evans blue staining, hematoxylin-eosin staining, immunohistochemical staining, and Western blot assays. RESULTS We demonstrated that the neurological damage caused by ICH was relieved at 5 and 7 days following administration of GM6001. The impaired BBB induced by ICH was improved in response to GM6001 treatment at around 3 days, as evidenced by alleviated cerebral edema, decreased Evans blue extravasation, and a reduction in inflammatory cellular infiltration. Mechanism analysis revealed that ICH induced the generation of β-dystroglycan cleavage, which could be suppressed by GM6001 treatment. Furthermore, we found that recombinant MMP2 and MMP9 triggered the cleavage of β-dystroglycan in vitro, and this action could be inhibited by GM6001 administration. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, our results suggest that MMPs-mediated cleavage on β-dystroglycan may play an important role in BBB after ICH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China (mainland)
| | - Yunhe Gu
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China (mainland)
| | - Peitong Li
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China (mainland)
| | - Anqi Jiang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China (mainland)
| | - Xiaomeng Sheng
- Department of Neurology, Harbin Fourth Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China (mainland)
| | - Xin Jin
- Department of Neurology, Jixi People's Hospital, Jixi, Heilongjiang, China (mainland)
| | - Yue Shi
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China (mainland)
| | - Guozhong Li
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China (mainland)
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Biomarker and Drug Target Discovery Using Quantitative Proteomics Post-Intracerebral Hemorrhage Stroke in the Rat Brain. J Mol Neurosci 2018; 66:639-648. [PMID: 30430305 PMCID: PMC6267379 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-018-1206-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2018] [Accepted: 11/08/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The pathological mechanisms of acute intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) remain unknown and unverified. In the present study, we used quantitative proteomics to elucidate the pathological mechanisms and to identify novel biomarker and therapeutic target candidates via tissue proteome in a rat model of acute ICH. Rats were experimentally induced with ICH (n = 6) or Sham (n = 6), and their brain tissue was obtained by 24 h. The TMT-LC–MS/MS-based proteomics approach was used to quantify the differential proteomes across brain tissue, and the results were further analyzed by ingenuity pathway analysis to explore canonical pathways and the relationship involved in the uploaded data. Upon quantification, we found that 96 secreted proteins that were identified in the ICH 24-h group were significantly different those in the control group (P < 0.05); among these proteins, 57 increased and 39 decreased in abundance. Bioinformatic analyses of differentially expressed proteins demonstrated that the protein localization and ERK1 and ERK2 cascade were the top two biological processes with the highest concentrations of differentially proteins. The top protein-protein action network with high confidence levels of protein was the albumin and ERK signaling pathways. Albumin, ERK, and p-ERK were assessed in brain tissue by western blot analysis, and higher expression levels of albumin and p-ERK were observed in the ICH group. Our proteomic results highlight important change in the biological processes of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade, which are possible targets for future interventions of ICH. To our knowledge, this study provides in-depth analysis of ICH in brain tissue, and we propose 96 new biomarker candidates for ICH, including albumin and ERK.
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Goulay R, Naveau M, Gaberel T, Vivien D, Parcq J. Optimized tPA: A non-neurotoxic fibrinolytic agent for the drainage of intracerebral hemorrhages. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2018; 38:1180-1189. [PMID: 28741405 PMCID: PMC6434446 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x17719180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is the most severe form of stroke. Catheter-delivered thrombolysis with recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator (rtPA) for the drainage of ICH is currently under evaluation in a phase III clinical trial (MISTIE III). However, in a pig model of ICH, in situ fibrinolysis with rtPA was reported to increase peri-lesional edema by promoting N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA)-dependent excitotoxicity. In the present study, we engineered a non-neurotoxic tPA variant, OptPA, and investigated its safety and efficacy for in situ fibrinolysis in a rat model of ICH. Magnetic resonance imaging analyses of hematoma and edema volumes, behavioral tasks and histological analyses were performed to measure the effects of treatments. In vitro, OptPA was equally fibrinolytic as rtPA without promoting NMDA-dependent neurotoxicity. In vivo, in situ fibrinolysis using OptPA reduced hematoma volume, like rtPA, but it also reduced the evolution of peri-hematomal neuronal death and subsequent edema progression. Overall, this preclinical study demonstrates beneficial effects of OptPA compared to rtPA for the drainage of ICH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romain Goulay
- UNICAEN, INSERM, Serine Proteases and Pathophysiology of the Neurovascular Unit, Normandie University, Caen, France
| | - Mikaël Naveau
- UNICAEN, INSERM, Serine Proteases and Pathophysiology of the Neurovascular Unit, Normandie University, Caen, France
| | - Thomas Gaberel
- UNICAEN, INSERM, Serine Proteases and Pathophysiology of the Neurovascular Unit, Normandie University, Caen, France
- Department of Neurosurgery, Caen University Hospital, Caen, France
| | - Denis Vivien
- UNICAEN, INSERM, Serine Proteases and Pathophysiology of the Neurovascular Unit, Normandie University, Caen, France
- Department of Clinical Research, Caen University Hospital, Caen, France
- Denis Vivien, UMR-S INSERM UMR-S U1237 “Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders” (PhIND), Caen Normandy University, GIP CYCERON, Bd Becquerel, BP 5229, Caen 14074, France.
| | - Jérôme Parcq
- UNICAEN, INSERM, Serine Proteases and Pathophysiology of the Neurovascular Unit, Normandie University, Caen, France
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Bix GJ, Fraser JF, Mack WJ, Carmichael ST, Perez-Pinzon M, Offner H, Sansing L, Bosetti F, Ayata C, Pennypacker KR. Uncovering the Rosetta Stone: Report from the First Annual Conference on Key Elements in Translating Stroke Therapeutics from Pre-Clinical to Clinical. Transl Stroke Res 2018; 9:258-266. [PMID: 29633156 PMCID: PMC5982459 DOI: 10.1007/s12975-018-0628-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2018] [Accepted: 03/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The first annual Stroke Translational Research Advancement Workshop (STRAW), entitled “Uncovering the Rosetta Stone: Key Elements in Translating Stroke Therapeutics from Pre-Clinical to Clinical” was held at the University of Kentucky on October 4–5, 2017. This workshop was organized by the Center for Advanced Translational Stroke Science. The workshop consisted of 2 days of activities. These included three presentations establishing the areas of research in stroke therapeutics, discussing the routes for translation from bench to bedside, and identifying successes and failures in the field. On day 2, grant funding opportunities and goals for the National Institute for Neurological Diseases and Stroke were presented. In addition, the meeting also included break-out sessions designed to connect researchers in areas of stroke, and to foster potential collaborations. Finally, the meeting concluded with an open discussion among attendees led by a panel of experts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory J Bix
- Center for Advanced Translational Stroke Science, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA.,Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA.,Department of Neurology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA.,Department of Neuroscience, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA.,Department of Neurosurgery, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Justin F Fraser
- Center for Advanced Translational Stroke Science, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA.,Department of Neurology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA.,Department of Neuroscience, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA.,Department of Neurosurgery, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA.,Department of Radiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - William J Mack
- Department of Neurosurgery, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, California, Los Angeles, USA
| | - S Thomas Carmichael
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, California, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Miguel Perez-Pinzon
- Department of Neurology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Halina Offner
- Department of Neurology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA.,Department of Anesthesiology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA.,Perioperative Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Lauren Sansing
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Francesca Bosetti
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Cenk Ayata
- Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA.,Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Keith R Pennypacker
- Center for Advanced Translational Stroke Science, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA. .,Department of Neurology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA. .,Department of Neuroscience, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA.
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13
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Basic and Translational Research in Intracerebral Hemorrhage: Limitations, Priorities, and Recommendations. Stroke 2018; 49:1308-1314. [PMID: 29618555 DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.117.019539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2017] [Revised: 11/27/2017] [Accepted: 01/17/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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14
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Anan J, Hijioka M, Kurauchi Y, Hisatsune A, Seki T, Katsuki H. Cortical hemorrhage-associated neurological deficits and tissue damage in mice are ameliorated by therapeutic treatment with nicotine. J Neurosci Res 2017; 95:1838-1849. [DOI: 10.1002/jnr.24016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2016] [Revised: 11/26/2016] [Accepted: 12/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Junpei Anan
- Department of Chemico-Pharmacological Sciences, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Kumamoto University; Kumamoto Japan
| | - Masanori Hijioka
- Department of Chemico-Pharmacological Sciences, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Kumamoto University; Kumamoto Japan
| | - Yuki Kurauchi
- Department of Chemico-Pharmacological Sciences, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Kumamoto University; Kumamoto Japan
| | - Akinori Hisatsune
- Priority Organization for Innovation and Excellence; Kumamoto University; Kumamoto Japan
- Program for Leading Graduate Schools “HIGO (Health life science: Interdisciplinary and Glocal Oriented) Program,”; Kumamoto University; Kumamoto Japan
| | - Takahiro Seki
- Department of Chemico-Pharmacological Sciences, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Kumamoto University; Kumamoto Japan
| | - Hiroshi Katsuki
- Department of Chemico-Pharmacological Sciences, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Kumamoto University; Kumamoto Japan
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15
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Ignatowski TA, Spengler RN, Tobinick E. Authors' reply to Whitlock: Perispinal etanercept for post-stroke neurological and cognitive dysfunction: scientific rationale and current evidence. CNS Drugs 2014; 28:1207-13. [PMID: 25373629 PMCID: PMC4246125 DOI: 10.1007/s40263-014-0212-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tracey A. Ignatowski
- Department of Pathology and Anatomical Sciences and Program for Neuroscience, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY USA
| | | | - Edward Tobinick
- Institute of Neurological Recovery, 2300 Glades Road Suite 305E, Boca Raton, FL 33431 USA
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