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Chantrain V, Rensch T, Pickhardt W, Grätz S, Borchardt L. Continuous Direct Mechanocatalytic Suzuki-Miyaura Coupling via Twin-Screw Extrusion. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202304060. [PMID: 38206188 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202304060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
This work establishes the first direct mechanocatalytic reaction protocol within an extruder, focusing on the Suzuki-Miyaura reaction. Through the coating of either the extruder screws or barrel with Pd, we executed the cross-coupling reaction without the reliance on molecular catalyst compounds or powders, and solvents continuously. We identified the influence and interplay of crucial reaction parameters such as temperature, mechanical energy input, residence time, rheology, and catalyst contact time and finally obtained 36 % and 75 % of the reaction product after one and four reactor passes respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viviene Chantrain
- Inorganic Chemistry I, Ruhr-University Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, 44801, Bochum, Germany
| | - Tilo Rensch
- Inorganic Chemistry I, Ruhr-University Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, 44801, Bochum, Germany
| | - Wilm Pickhardt
- Inorganic Chemistry I, Ruhr-University Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, 44801, Bochum, Germany
| | - Sven Grätz
- Inorganic Chemistry I, Ruhr-University Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, 44801, Bochum, Germany
| | - Lars Borchardt
- Inorganic Chemistry I, Ruhr-University Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, 44801, Bochum, Germany
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2
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Rensch T, Chantrain V, Sander M, Grätz S, Borchardt L. Scale-Up of Solvent-Free, Mechanochemical Precursor Synthesis for Nanoporous Carbon Materials via Extrusion. CHEMSUSCHEM 2022; 15:e202200651. [PMID: 35670243 PMCID: PMC9543152 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202200651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The mechanochemical synthesis of nitrogen-rich nanoporous carbon materials has been scaled up using an extruder. Lignin, urea, and K2 CO3 were extruded under heat and pressure to yield nanoporous carbons with up to 3500 m2 g-1 specific surface area after pyrolysis. The route was further broadened by applying different nitrogen sources as well as sawdust as a low-cost renewable feedstock to receive carbons with a C/N ratio of up to 15 depending on nitrogen source and extrusion parameters. The texture of obtained carbons was investigated by scanning electron microscopy as well as argon and nitrogen physisorption, while the chemical structure was analyzed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The received carbon was tested as a supercapacitor electrode, showing comparable performance to similar ball-mill-synthesized materials. Lastly, the space-time yield was applied to justify the use of a continuous reactor versus the ball mill.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tilo Rensch
- Department of Inorganic ChemistryRuhr-Universität BochumUniversitätsstrasse 15044801BochumGermany
| | - Viviene Chantrain
- Department of Inorganic ChemistryRuhr-Universität BochumUniversitätsstrasse 15044801BochumGermany
| | - Miriam Sander
- Department of Inorganic ChemistryRuhr-Universität BochumUniversitätsstrasse 15044801BochumGermany
| | - Sven Grätz
- Department of Inorganic ChemistryRuhr-Universität BochumUniversitätsstrasse 15044801BochumGermany
| | - Lars Borchardt
- Department of Inorganic ChemistryRuhr-Universität BochumUniversitätsstrasse 15044801BochumGermany
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3
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Rammohan A, Krinochkin AP, Khasanov AF, Kopchuk DS, Zyryanov GV. Sustainable Solvent-Free Diels-Alder Approaches in the Development of Constructive Heterocycles and Functionalized Materials: A Review. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2022; 380:43. [PMID: 35951264 DOI: 10.1007/s41061-022-00398-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
The Diels-Alder reaction (DAR) is found in myriad applications in organic synthesis and medicinal chemistry for drug development, as it is the method of choice for the expedient synthesis of complex natural compounds and innovative materials including nanomaterials, graphene expanses, and polymeric nanofibers. Furthermore, the greatest focus of attention of DARs is on the consistent reaction procedure with stimulus yields by highly stereo- and regioselective mechanistic pathways. Therefore, the present review is intended to summarize conventional solvent-free (SF) DARs for the expedient synthesis of heterocyclic compounds and materials. In particular, this review deals with the DARs of mechanochemical grinding, catalysis (including stereoselective catalysts), thermal, and electromagnetic radiation (such as microwave [MW], infrared [IR], and ultraviolet [UV] irradiation) in SF procedures. Therefore, this comprehensive review validates the application of DARs to pharmaceutical innovations and biorenewable materials through consistent synthetic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aluru Rammohan
- Ural Federal University, 19 Mira St., Ekaterinburg, 620002, Russian Federation.
| | - Alexey P Krinochkin
- Ural Federal University, 19 Mira St., Ekaterinburg, 620002, Russian Federation.,I. Ya. Postovsky Institute of Organic Synthesis, Ural Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 22 S. Kovalevskoy St., Ekaterinburg, 620219, Russian Federation
| | - Albert F Khasanov
- Ural Federal University, 19 Mira St., Ekaterinburg, 620002, Russian Federation.,I. Ya. Postovsky Institute of Organic Synthesis, Ural Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 22 S. Kovalevskoy St., Ekaterinburg, 620219, Russian Federation
| | - Dmitry S Kopchuk
- Ural Federal University, 19 Mira St., Ekaterinburg, 620002, Russian Federation.,I. Ya. Postovsky Institute of Organic Synthesis, Ural Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 22 S. Kovalevskoy St., Ekaterinburg, 620219, Russian Federation
| | - Grigory V Zyryanov
- Ural Federal University, 19 Mira St., Ekaterinburg, 620002, Russian Federation. .,I. Ya. Postovsky Institute of Organic Synthesis, Ural Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 22 S. Kovalevskoy St., Ekaterinburg, 620219, Russian Federation.
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4
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Bento O, Luttringer F, El Dine TM, Pétry N, Bantreil X, Lamaty F. Sustainable Mechanosynthesis of Biologically Active Molecules. European J Org Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202101516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ophélie Bento
- IBMM: Institut des Biomolecules Max Mousseron Chemistry FRANCE
| | | | | | - Nicolas Pétry
- IBMM: Institut des Biomolecules Max Mousseron Chemistry FRANCE
| | - Xavier Bantreil
- IBMM: Institut des Biomolecules Max Mousseron Chemistry FRANCE
| | - Frédéric Lamaty
- IBMM: Institut des Biomolecules Max Mousseron Chemistry 1919 Rte de Mende 34293 Montpellier FRANCE
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5
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Panda J, Raiguru BP, Mishra M, Mohapatra S, Nayak S. Recent Advances in the Synthesis of Imidazo[1,2‐
a
]pyridines: A Brief Review. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202103987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jasmine Panda
- Organic Synthesis Laboratory Department of Chemistry Ravenshaw University Cuttack 753003 Odisha India
| | - Bishnu P. Raiguru
- Organic Synthesis Laboratory Department of Chemistry Ravenshaw University Cuttack 753003 Odisha India
| | - Mitali Mishra
- Organic Synthesis Laboratory Department of Chemistry Ravenshaw University Cuttack 753003 Odisha India
| | - Seetaram Mohapatra
- Organic Synthesis Laboratory Department of Chemistry Ravenshaw University Cuttack 753003 Odisha India
| | - Sabita Nayak
- Organic Synthesis Laboratory Department of Chemistry Ravenshaw University Cuttack 753003 Odisha India
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Abstract
In this Review, we consider all the publications since the beginning of the century that describe tandem reactions resulting in the formation of five-membered aromatic nitrogen heterocycles (thiazole, imidazole, indole, tetrazole, triazole, and isoxazole). The contents of this review are organized by taxonomy and type of tandem catalysis. It covers orthogonal, auto-, and assisted tandem catalysis, providing an overview of tandem reactions applied tonitrogen heterocycles reported in the literature up to March 2020. We believe that this compilation of data will provide a necessary starting reference to developthe applications of tandem catalysis in medicinal chemistry.
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7
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Veer B, Singh R. Facile synthesis of 2-arylimidazo[1,2-a]pyridines catalysed by DBU in aqueous ethanol. Proc Math Phys Eng Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1098/rspa.2019.0238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
A facile protocol for the synthesis of 2-arylimidazo[1,2-a]pyridines was developed using two-component cyclization of substituted 2-aminopyridines and substituted phenacyl bromides in 65–94% yield. The reaction was DBU catalysed using green solvent, aqueous ethanol (1 : 1 v/v) at room temperature. The atom economy of the products was calculated to be 66.25–73.41%. The developed protocol successfully exhibits a broad substrate scope, less reaction time, high to moderate yield and multigram scale synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Babita Veer
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Delhi Technological University, Delhi 110 042, India
| | - Ram Singh
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Delhi Technological University, Delhi 110 042, India
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9
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Facile synthesis of imidazo[1,2-a]pyridines promoted by room-temperature ionic liquids under ultrasound irradiation. MONATSHEFTE FUR CHEMIE 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s00706-018-2238-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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10
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El-Sayed TH, Aboelnaga A, El-Atawy MA, Hagar M. Ball Milling Promoted N-Heterocycles Synthesis. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23061348. [PMID: 29867039 PMCID: PMC6100593 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23061348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2018] [Revised: 06/01/2018] [Accepted: 06/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In the last years, numerous protocols have been published using ball milling for organic synthesis. Compared to other methods such as microwave or ultrasound irradiation and ionic liquids, ball mill chemistry is an economical, and ecofriendly method in organic synthesis that is rather underrepresented in the knowledge of organic chemists. The aim of this review is to explore the advantages of the application of ball milling in synthesis of N-heterocyclic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taghreed H El-Sayed
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Taibah University, Yanbu 46423 Saudi Arabia.
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Women for Arts, Science and Education, Ain Shams University, Heliopolis, Cairo 11757, Egypt.
| | - Asmaa Aboelnaga
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Taibah University, Yanbu 46423 Saudi Arabia.
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Women for Arts, Science and Education, Ain Shams University, Heliopolis, Cairo 11757, Egypt.
| | - Mohamed A El-Atawy
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Taibah University, Yanbu 46423 Saudi Arabia.
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, P.O. 426 Ibrahemia, Alexandria 21321, Egypt.
| | - Mohamed Hagar
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Taibah University, Yanbu 46423 Saudi Arabia.
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, P.O. 426 Ibrahemia, Alexandria 21321, Egypt.
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11
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Peera SG, Balamurugan J, Kim NH, Lee JH. Sustainable Synthesis of Co@NC Core Shell Nanostructures from Metal Organic Frameworks via Mechanochemical Coordination Self-Assembly: An Efficient Electrocatalyst for Oxygen Reduction Reaction. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2018; 14:e1800441. [PMID: 29635725 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201800441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Herein, a new type of cobalt encapsulated nitrogen-doped carbon (Co@NC) nanostructure employing Znx Co1-x (C3 H4 N2 ) metal-organic framework (MOF) as precursor is developed, by a simple, ecofriendly, solvent-free approach that utilizes a mechanochemical coordination self-assembly strategy. Possible evolution of Znx Co1-x (C3 H4 N2 ) MOF structures and their conversion to Co@NC nanostructures is established from an X-ray diffraction technique and transmission electron microscopy analysis, which reveal that MOF-derived Co@NC core-shell nanostructures are well ordered and highly crystalline in nature. Co@NC-MOF core-shell nanostructures show excellent catalytic activity for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), with onset potential of 0.97 V and half-wave potential of 0.88 V versus relative hydrogen electrode in alkaline electrolyte, and excellent durability with zero degradation after 5000 potential cycles; whereas under similar experimental conditions, the commonly utilized Pt/C electrocatalyst degrades. The Co@NC-MOF electrocatalyst also shows excellent tolerance to methanol, unlike the Pt/C electrocatalyst. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis shows the presence of ORR active pyridinic-N and graphitic-N species, along with CoNx Cy and CoNx ORR active (M-N-C) sites. Enhanced electron transfer kinetics from nitrogen-doped carbon shell to core Co nanoparticles, the existence of M-N-C active sites, and protective NC shells are responsible for high ORR activity and durability of the Co@NC-MOF electrocatalyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaik Gouse Peera
- Advanced Materials Institute of BIN Convergence (BK21 plus Global), Department of BIN Convergence Technology, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Jeonbuk, 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Jayaraman Balamurugan
- Advanced Materials Institute of BIN Convergence (BK21 plus Global), Department of BIN Convergence Technology, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Jeonbuk, 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Nam Hoon Kim
- Advanced Materials Institute of BIN Convergence (BK21 plus Global), Department of BIN Convergence Technology, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Jeonbuk, 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Joong Hee Lee
- Advanced Materials Institute of BIN Convergence (BK21 plus Global), Department of BIN Convergence Technology, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Jeonbuk, 54896, Republic of Korea
- Center for Carbon Composite Materials, Department of Polymer & Nano Science and Technology, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Jeonbuk, 54896, Republic of Korea
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12
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Kour D, Gupta A, Kapoor KK, Gupta VK, Rajnikant R, Singh D, Das P. Iodine–NH4OAc mediated regioselective synthesis of 2-aroyl-3-arylimidazo[1,2-a]pyridines from 1,3-diaryl-prop-2-en-1-ones. Org Biomol Chem 2018; 16:1330-1336. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ob02750h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
An efficient, metal-free regioselective synthesis of 2-aroyl-3-arylimidazo[1,2-a]pyridines from 1,3-diaryl-prop-2-en-1-ones has been developed by their reaction with 2-aminopyridine in the presence of I2/NH4OAc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dilpreet Kour
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Jammu
- Jammu-180006
- India
| | - Annah Gupta
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Jammu
- Jammu-180006
- India
| | | | - Vivek K. Gupta
- X-ray Crystallographic Group
- Department of Physics
- University of Jammu
- Jammu-180006
- India
| | - Rajnikant Rajnikant
- X-ray Crystallographic Group
- Department of Physics
- University of Jammu
- Jammu-180006
- India
| | - Deepika Singh
- Medicinal Chemistry Division
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine
- Jammu-180001
- India
| | - Parthasarathi Das
- Medicinal Chemistry Division
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine
- Jammu-180001
- India
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13
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Tan YJ, Wang FJ, Asirib AM, Marwanib HM, Zhang Z. FeCl3
-Mediated One-Pot Cyclization-Aromatization of Anilines, Benzaldehydes, and Phenylacetylenes under Ball Milling: A New Alternative for the Synthesis of 2,4-Diphenylquinolines. J CHIN CHEM SOC-TAIP 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/jccs.201700190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Jun Tan
- School of Biological and Chemical Engineering; Anhui Polytechnic University; Wuhu 241000 P. R. China
| | - Fang-Jian Wang
- School of Biological and Chemical Engineering; Anhui Polytechnic University; Wuhu 241000 P. R. China
| | - Abdullah M. Asirib
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science; King Abdulaziz University; Jeddah 21589 Saudi Arabia
| | - Hadi M. Marwanib
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science; King Abdulaziz University; Jeddah 21589 Saudi Arabia
| | - Ze Zhang
- School of Biological and Chemical Engineering; Anhui Polytechnic University; Wuhu 241000 P. R. China
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Schneidermann C, Jäckel N, Oswald S, Giebeler L, Presser V, Borchardt L. Solvent-Free Mechanochemical Synthesis of Nitrogen-Doped Nanoporous Carbon for Electrochemical Energy Storage. CHEMSUSCHEM 2017; 10:2416-2424. [PMID: 28436604 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201700459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen-doped nanoporous carbons were synthesized by a solvent-free mechanochemically induced one-pot synthesis. This facile approach involves the mechanochemical treatment and carbonization of three solid materials: potassium carbonate, urea, and lignin, which is a waste product from pulp industry. The resulting nitrogen-doped porous carbons offer a very high specific surface area up to 3000 m2 g-1 and large pore volume up to 2 cm3 g-1 . The mechanochemical reaction and the impact of activation and functionalization are investigated by nitrogen and water physisorption and high-resolution X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Our N-doped carbons are highly suitable for electrochemical energy storage as supercapacitor electrodes, showing high specific capacitances in aqueous 1 m Li2 SO4 electrolyte (177 F g-1 ), organic 1 m tetraethylammonium tetrafluoroborate in acetonitrile (147 F g-1 ), and an ionic liquid (1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate; 192 F g-1 ). This new mechanochemical pathway synergistically combines attractive energy-storage ratings with a scalable, time-efficient, cost-effective, and environmentally favorable synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Schneidermann
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, Bergstraße 66, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Nicolas Jäckel
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Saarland University, Campus D2 2, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany
- INM, Leibniz Institute for New Materials, Campus D2 2, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Steffen Oswald
- Institute for Complex Materials, Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research (IFW), Dresden e.V., Helmholtzstraße 20, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Lars Giebeler
- Institute for Complex Materials, Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research (IFW), Dresden e.V., Helmholtzstraße 20, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Volker Presser
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Saarland University, Campus D2 2, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany
- INM, Leibniz Institute for New Materials, Campus D2 2, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Lars Borchardt
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, Bergstraße 66, 01069, Dresden, Germany
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15
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Manganese (III) acetate mediated synthesis of polysubstituted pyrroles under solvent-free ball milling. Tetrahedron Lett 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2017.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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16
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Iodine–ammonium acetate promoted reaction between 2-aminopyridine and aryl methyl ketones: a novel approach towards the synthesis of 2-arylimidazo[1,2-a]pyridines. Tetrahedron Lett 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2016.08.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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17
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Kong D, Wang X, Shi Z, Wu M, Lin Q, Wang X. Solvent- and catalyst-free synthesis of imidazo[1,2-a]pyridines under microwave irradiation. JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL RESEARCH 2016. [DOI: 10.3184/174751916x14683327937934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
A facile solvent- and catalyst-free method for the synthesis of a series of imidazo[1,2-a]pyridines in good to excellent yields by the condensation of 2-aminopyridines with α-bromoketones under microwave irradiation has been developed. The important features of this method are that it is reasonably fast, very clean, high yielding, simple workup and environmentally benign.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dulin Kong
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571199, Hainan Province, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Soft Chemistry and Functional Materials, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210094, P.R. China
| | - Xianghui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Medicinal Plant Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, P.R. China
| | - Zaifeng Shi
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Medicinal Plant Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, P.R. China
| | - Mingshu Wu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Medicinal Plant Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, P.R. China
| | - Qiang Lin
- Key Laboratory of Soft Chemistry and Functional Materials, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210094, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Medicinal Plant Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, P.R. China
| | - Xin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Soft Chemistry and Functional Materials, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210094, P.R. China
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18
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Grätz S, Borchardt L. Mechanochemical polymerization – controlling a polycondensation reaction between a diamine and a dialdehyde in a ball mill. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra15677k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Mechanochemical polymerization displays a sustainable alternative to classical solvent-based approaches while also offering faster kinetics and an increased conversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Grätz
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry
- Technische Univeristät Dresden
- 01062 Dresden
- Germany
| | - L. Borchardt
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry
- Technische Univeristät Dresden
- 01062 Dresden
- Germany
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