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Jiang X, Walker BJ, He SY, Hu J. The role of photorespiration in plant immunity. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1125945. [PMID: 36818872 PMCID: PMC9928950 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1125945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
To defend themselves in the face of biotic stresses, plants employ a sophisticated immune system that requires the coordination of other biological and metabolic pathways. Photorespiration, a byproduct pathway of oxygenic photosynthesis that spans multiple cellular compartments and links primary metabolisms, plays important roles in defense responses. Hydrogen peroxide, whose homeostasis is strongly impacted by photorespiration, is a crucial signaling molecule in plant immunity. Photorespiratory metabolites, interaction between photorespiration and defense hormone biosynthesis, and other mechanisms, are also implicated. An improved understanding of the relationship between plant immunity and photorespiration may provide a much-needed knowledge basis for crop engineering to maximize photosynthesis without negative tradeoffs in plant immunity, especially because the photorespiratory pathway has become a major target for genetic engineering with the goal to increase photosynthetic efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaotong Jiang
- Michigan State University-Department of Energy Plant Research Laboratory and Department of Plant Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Berkley J. Walker
- Michigan State University-Department of Energy Plant Research Laboratory and Department of Plant Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Sheng Yang He
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Jianping Hu
- Michigan State University-Department of Energy Plant Research Laboratory and Department of Plant Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
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He Q, Jin J, Li P, Zhu H, Wang Z, Fan W, Yang JL. Involvement of SlSTOP1 regulated SlFDH expression in aluminum tolerance by reducing NAD + to NADH in the tomato root apex. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2023; 113:387-401. [PMID: 36471650 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Formate dehydrogenase (FDH; EC 1.2.1.2.) has been implicated in plant responses to a variety of stresses, including aluminum (Al) stress in acidic soils. However, the role of this enzyme in Al tolerance is not yet fully understood, and how FDH gene expression is regulated is unknown. Here, we report the identification and functional characterization of the tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) SlFDH gene. SlFDH encodes a mitochondria-localized FDH with Km values of 2.087 mm formate and 29.1 μm NAD+ . Al induced the expression of SlFDH in tomato root tips, but other metals did not, as determined by quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. CRISPR/Cas9-generated SlFDH knockout lines were more sensitive to Al stress and formate than wild-type plants. Formate failed to induce SlFDH expression in the tomato root apex, but NAD+ accumulated in response to Al stress. Co-expression network analysis and interaction analysis between genomic DNA and transcription factors (TFs) using PlantRegMap identified seven TFs that might regulate SlFDH expression. One of these TFs, SlSTOP1, positively regulated SlFDH expression by directly binding to its promoter, as demonstrated by a dual-luciferase reporter assay and electrophoretic mobility shift assay. The Al-induced expression of SlFDH was completely abolished in Slstop1 mutants, indicating that SlSTOP1 is a core regulator of SlFDH expression under Al stress. Taken together, our findings demonstrate that SlFDH plays a role in Al tolerance and reveal the transcriptional regulatory mechanism of SlFDH expression in response to Al stress in tomato.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiyu He
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Jianfeng Jin
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Pengfei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Huihui Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Zhanqi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Vector Biology and Pathogen Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Life Sciences, Huzhou University, Huzhou, 313000, China
| | - Wei Fan
- College of Horticulture and Landscape, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Jian Li Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
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Characterization of the Transcriptome and Gene Expression of Tetraploid Black Locust Cuttings in Response to Etiolation. Genes (Basel) 2017; 8:genes8120345. [PMID: 29186815 PMCID: PMC5748663 DOI: 10.3390/genes8120345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2017] [Revised: 11/02/2017] [Accepted: 11/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Etiolation (a process of growing plants in partial or complete absence of light) promotes adventitious root formation in tetraploid black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L.) cuttings. We investigated the mechanism underlying how etiolation treatment promotes adventitious root formation in tetraploid black locust and assessed global transcriptional changes after etiolation treatment. Solexa paired-end sequencing of complementary DNAs (cDNAs) from control (non-etiolated, NE) and etiolated (E) samples resulted in 107,564 unigenes. In total, 52,590 transcripts were annotated and 474 transcripts (211 upregulated and 263 downregulated) potentially involved in etiolation were differentially regulated. These genes were associated with hormone metabolism and response, photosynthesis, signaling pathways, and starch and sucrose metabolism. In addition, we also found significant differences of phytohormone contents, activity of following enzymes i.e., peroxidase, polyphenol oxidase and indole acetic acid oxidase between NE and E tissues during some cottage periods. The genes responsive to etiolation stimulus identified in this study will provide the base for further understanding how etiolation triggers adventitious roots formation in tetraploid black locus.
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Tan BC, Lim YS, Lau SE. Proteomics in commercial crops: An overview. J Proteomics 2017; 169:176-188. [PMID: 28546092 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2017.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2016] [Revised: 04/21/2017] [Accepted: 05/19/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Proteomics is a rapidly growing area of biological research that is positively affecting plant science. Recent advances in proteomic technology, such as mass spectrometry, can now identify a broad range of proteins and monitor their modulation during plant growth and development, as well as during responses to abiotic and biotic stresses. In this review, we highlight recent proteomic studies of commercial crops and discuss the advances in understanding of the proteomes of these crops. We anticipate that proteomic-based research will continue to expand and contribute to crop improvement. SIGNIFICANCE Plant proteomics study is a rapidly growing area of biological research that is positively impacting plant science. With the recent advances in new technologies, proteomics not only allows us to comprehensively analyses crop proteins, but also help us to understand the functions of the genes. In this review, we highlighted recent proteomic studies in commercial crops and updated the advances in our understanding of the proteomes of these crops. We believe that proteomic-based research will continue to grow and contribute to the improvement of crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boon Chin Tan
- Centre for Research in Biotechnology for Agriculture, University of Malaya, Lembah Pantai, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Yin Sze Lim
- School of Biosciences, Faculty of Science, University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus, Jalan Broga, 43500 Semenyih, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Su-Ee Lau
- Centre for Research in Biotechnology for Agriculture, University of Malaya, Lembah Pantai, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Wang X, Komatsu S. Plant subcellular proteomics: Application for exploring optimal cell function in soybean. J Proteomics 2016; 143:45-56. [PMID: 26808589 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2016.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2015] [Revised: 01/06/2016] [Accepted: 01/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Plants have evolved complicated responses to developmental changes and stressful environmental conditions. Subcellular proteomics has the potential to elucidate localized cellular responses and investigate communications among subcellular compartments during plant development and in response to biotic and abiotic stresses. Soybean, which is a valuable legume crop rich in protein and vegetable oil, can grow in several climatic zones; however, the growth and yield of soybean are markedly decreased under stresses. To date, numerous proteomic studies have been performed in soybean to examine the specific protein profiles of cell wall, plasma membrane, nucleus, mitochondrion, chloroplast, and endoplasmic reticulum. In this review, methods for the purification and purity assessment of subcellular organelles from soybean are summarized. In addition, the findings from subcellular proteomic analyses of soybean during development and under stresses, particularly flooding stress, are presented and the proteins regulated among subcellular compartments are discussed. Continued advances in subcellular proteomics are expected to greatly contribute to the understanding of the responses and interactions that occur within and among subcellular compartments during development and under stressful environmental conditions. BIOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE Subcellular proteomics has the potential to investigate the cellular events and interactions among subcellular compartments in response to development and stresses in plants. Soybean could grow in several climatic zones; however, the growth and yield of soybean are markedly decreased under stresses. Numerous proteomics of cell wall, plasma membrane, nucleus, mitochondrion, chloroplast, and endoplasmic reticulum was carried out to investigate the respecting proteins and their functions in soybean during development or under stresses. In this review, methods of subcellular-organelle enrichment and purity assessment are summarized. In addition, previous findings of subcellular proteomics are presented, and functional proteins regulated among different subcellular are discussed. Subcellular proteomics contributes greatly to uncovering responses and interactions among subcellular compartments during development and under stressful environmental conditions in soybean.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wang
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8572, Japan; National Institute of Crop Science, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Tsukuba 305-8518, Japan
| | - Setsuko Komatsu
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8572, Japan; National Institute of Crop Science, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Tsukuba 305-8518, Japan.
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Rathi D, Gayen D, Gayali S, Chakraborty S, Chakraborty N. Legume proteomics: Progress, prospects, and challenges. Proteomics 2015; 16:310-27. [DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201500257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2015] [Revised: 09/19/2015] [Accepted: 11/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Divya Rathi
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research; Aruna Asaf Ali Marg New Delhi India
| | - Dipak Gayen
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research; Aruna Asaf Ali Marg New Delhi India
| | - Saurabh Gayali
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research; Aruna Asaf Ali Marg New Delhi India
| | - Subhra Chakraborty
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research; Aruna Asaf Ali Marg New Delhi India
| | - Niranjan Chakraborty
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research; Aruna Asaf Ali Marg New Delhi India
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Donaldson ME, Meng S, Gagarinova A, Babu M, Lambie SC, Swiadek AA, Saville BJ. Investigating the Ustilago maydis/Zea mays pathosystem: transcriptional responses and novel functional aspects of a fungal calcineurin regulatory B subunit. Fungal Genet Biol 2013; 58-59:91-104. [PMID: 23973481 DOI: 10.1016/j.fgb.2013.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2013] [Revised: 07/29/2013] [Accepted: 08/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The sustainable control of basidiomycete biotrophic plant pathogenesis requires an understanding of host responses to infection, as well as the identification and functional analysis of fungal genes involved in disease development. The creation and analysis of a suppressive subtractive hybridization (SSH) cDNA library from Ustilago maydis-infected Zea mays seedlings enabled the identification of fungal and plant genes expressed during disease development, and uncovered new insights into the interactions of this model system. Candidate U. maydis pathogenesis genes were identified by using the current SSH cDNA library analysis, and by knowledge generated from previous cDNA microarray and comparative genomic analyses. These identifications were supported by the independent determination of transcript level changes in different cell-types and during pathogenic development. The basidiomycete specific um01632, the highly in planta expressed um03046 (zig1), and the calcineurin regulatory B subunit (um10226, cnb1), were chosen for deletion experiments. um01632 and zig1 mutants showed no difference in morphology and did not have a statistically significant impact on pathogenesis. cnb1 mutants had a distinct cell division phenotype and reduced virulence in seedling assays. Infections with reciprocal wild-type×Δcnb1 haploid strain crosses revealed that the wild-type allele was unable to fully compensate for the lack of a second cnb1 allele. This haploinsufficiency was undetected in other fungal cnb1 mutational analyses. The reported data improves U. maydis genome annotation and expands on the current understanding of pathogenesis genes in this model basidiomycete.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael E Donaldson
- Environmental and Life Sciences Graduate Program, Trent University, Peterborough, ON K9J 7B8, Canada
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