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Guevara MG, Mazorra-Manzano MA, Gayen D, Figueiredo A. Editorial: Plant proteolytic enzymes: contributions and challenges to improve food availability against climate change effects. Front Plant Sci 2024; 15:1398867. [PMID: 38654902 PMCID: PMC11035913 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1398867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- María Gabriela Guevara
- Biological Research Institute, National Council of Scientific and Technique Research (CONICET), University of Mar del Plata, Mar del Plata, Argentina
| | | | - Dipak Gayen
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, Rajasthan, India
| | - Andreia Figueiredo
- Grapevine Pathogen Systems Lab, Biosystems & Integrative Sciences Institute, Science Faculty of Lisbon University, Lisbon, Portugal
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Malviya R, Dey S, Pandey A, Gayen D. Genome-wide identification and expression pattern analysis of lipoxygenase genes of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) in response to accelerated aging. Gene 2023; 874:147482. [PMID: 37187244 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2023.147482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Seed aging is a major problem which is caused by various factors such as unfavorable physiological, biochemical, and metabolic alterations in seed cells. Lipoxygenase (LOXs), an oxidoreductase enzyme that catalyzes the oxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids, acts as a negative regulator in seed viability and vigour during storage. In this study, we identified ten putative LOX gene family members in the chickpea genome, designated as "CaLOX" which are mainly located in the cytoplasm and chloroplast. These genes share different physiochemical properties and similarities in their gene structures and conserved functional regions. The promoter region contained the cis-regulatory elements and transcription binding factors, which were mainly linked to biotic and abiotic stress, hormones, and light responsiveness. In this study, chickpea seeds were treated with accelerated aging treatment for 0, 2, and 4 days at 45°C and 85 % relative humidity. Increased level of reactive oxygen species, malondialdehyde, electrolyte leakage, proline, lipoxygenase (LOX) activity, and decreased catalase activity indicates cellular dysfunction and demonstrated seed deterioration. Quantitative real-time analysis reveals that 6 CaLOX genes were upregulated, and 4 CaLOX genes were downregulated during the seed aging process in chickpea. This comprehensive study will reveal the role of the CaLOX gene in response to aging treatment. The identified gene may be used to develop better-quality seeds in chickpea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rinku Malviya
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, NH-8 Bandarsindri, Tehsil- Kishangarh, Dist- Ajmer, 305817
| | - Sharmistha Dey
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, NH-8 Bandarsindri, Tehsil- Kishangarh, Dist- Ajmer, 305817
| | - Anuradha Pandey
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, NH-8 Bandarsindri, Tehsil- Kishangarh, Dist- Ajmer, 305817
| | - Dipak Gayen
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, NH-8 Bandarsindri, Tehsil- Kishangarh, Dist- Ajmer, 305817.
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Pandey A, Sharma P, Mishra D, Dey S, Malviya R, Gayen D. Genome-wide identification of the fibrillin gene family in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) and its response to drought stress. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 234:123757. [PMID: 36805507 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
Abstract
Fibrillin family members play multiple roles in growth, development, and protection against abiotic stress. In this study, we identified 12 potential CaFBNs that are ranging from 25 kDa-42.92 kDa and are mostly basic. These proteins were hydrophilic in nature and generally resided in the chloroplast. The CaFBN genes were located on different chromosomes like 1, 4, 5, and 7. All FBNs shared conserved motifs and possessed a higher number of stress-responsive elements. For evolutionary analysis, a phylogenetic tree of CaFBNs with other plants' FBNs was constructed and clustered into 11 FBN subgroups. For expression analysis, 21 day old chickpea seedling was exposed to dehydration stress by withholding water. We also performed various physiological and biochemical analyses to check that plant changes at the physiological and cellular levels while undergoing stress conditions. The transcript expression of CaFBNs was higher in aerial parts, especially in stems and leaves. Dehydration-specific transcriptome and qPCR analysis showed that FBN-1, FBN-2, and FBN-6 were highly expressed. In addition, our study provides a comprehensive overview of the FBN protein family and their importance during the dehydration stress condition in Cicer arietinum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anuradha Pandey
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, NH-8 Bandarsindri, Tehsil- Kishangarh, Dist- Ajmer, 305 817, India
| | - Punam Sharma
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, NH-8 Bandarsindri, Tehsil- Kishangarh, Dist- Ajmer, 305 817, India
| | - Divya Mishra
- Department of Plant Pathology, Kansas State University, USA
| | - Sharmistha Dey
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, NH-8 Bandarsindri, Tehsil- Kishangarh, Dist- Ajmer, 305 817, India
| | - Rinku Malviya
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, NH-8 Bandarsindri, Tehsil- Kishangarh, Dist- Ajmer, 305 817, India
| | - Dipak Gayen
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, NH-8 Bandarsindri, Tehsil- Kishangarh, Dist- Ajmer, 305 817, India.
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Sharma P, Pandey A, Malviya R, Dey S, Karmakar S, Gayen D. Genome editing for improving nutritional quality, post-harvest shelf life and stress tolerance of fruits, vegetables, and ornamentals. Front Genome Ed 2023; 5:1094965. [PMID: 36911238 PMCID: PMC9998953 DOI: 10.3389/fgeed.2023.1094965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Agricultural production relies on horticultural crops, including vegetables, fruits, and ornamental plants, which sustain human life. With an alarming increase in human population and the consequential need for more food, it has become necessary for increased production to maintain food security. Conventional breeding has subsidized the development of improved verities but to enhance crop production, new breeding techniques need to be acquired. CRISPR-Cas9 system is a unique and powerful genome manipulation tool that can change the DNA in a precise way. Based on the bacterial adaptive immune system, this technique uses an endonuclease that creates double-stranded breaks (DSBs) at the target loci under the guidance of a single guide RNA. These DSBs can be repaired by a cellular repair mechanism that installs small insertion and deletion (indels) at the cut sites. When equated to alternate editing tools like ZFN, TALENs, and meganucleases, CRISPR- The cas-based editing tool has quickly gained fast-forward for its simplicity, ease to use, and low off-target effect. In numerous horticultural and industrial crops, the CRISPR technology has been successfully used to enhance stress tolerance, self-life, nutritional improvements, flavor, and metabolites. The CRISPR-based tool is the most appropriate one with the prospective goal of generating non-transgenic yields and avoiding the regulatory hurdles to release the modified crops into the market. Although several challenges for editing horticultural, industrial, and ornamental crops remain, this new novel nuclease, with its crop-specific application, makes it a dynamic tool for crop improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Punam Sharma
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, India
| | - Anuradha Pandey
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, India
| | - Rinku Malviya
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, India
| | - Sharmistha Dey
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, India
| | | | - Dipak Gayen
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, India
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Lande NV, Barua P, Gayen D, Wardhan V, Jeevaraj T, Kumar S, Chakraborty S, Chakraborty N. Dehydration-responsive chickpea chloroplast protein, CaPDZ1, confers dehydration tolerance by improving photosynthesis. Physiol Plant 2022; 174:e13613. [PMID: 35199362 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The screening of a dehydration-responsive chloroplast proteome of chickpea led us to identify and investigate the functional importance of an uncharacterized protein, designated CaPDZ1. In all, we identified 14 CaPDZs, and phylogenetic analysis revealed that these belong to photosynthetic eukaryotes. Sequence analyses of CaPDZs indicated that CaPDZ1 is a unique member, which harbours a TPR domain besides a PDZ domain. The global expression analysis showed that CaPDZs are intimately associated with various stresses such as dehydration and oxidative stress along with certain phytohormone responses. The CaPDZ1-overexpressing chickpea seedlings exhibited distinct phenotypic and molecular responses, particularly increased photosystem (PS) efficiency, ETR and qP that validated its participation in PSII complex assembly and/or repair. The investigation of CaPDZ1 interacting proteins through Y2H library screening and co-IP analysis revealed the interacting partners to be PSII associated CP43, CP47, D1, D2 and STN8. These findings supported the earlier hypothesis regarding the role of direct or indirect involvement of PDZ proteins in PS assembly or repair. Moreover, the GUS-promoter analysis demonstrated the preferential expression of CaPDZ1 specifically in photosynthetic tissues. We classified CaPDZ1 as a dehydration-responsive chloroplast intrinsic protein with multi-fold abundance under dehydration stress, which may participate synergistically with other chloroplast proteins in the maintenance of the photosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nilesh Vikram Lande
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Jawaharlal Nehru University Campus, New Delhi, India
| | - Pragya Barua
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Jawaharlal Nehru University Campus, New Delhi, India
| | - Dipak Gayen
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Jawaharlal Nehru University Campus, New Delhi, India
| | - Vijay Wardhan
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Jawaharlal Nehru University Campus, New Delhi, India
| | - Theboral Jeevaraj
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Jawaharlal Nehru University Campus, New Delhi, India
| | - Sunil Kumar
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Jawaharlal Nehru University Campus, New Delhi, India
| | - Subhra Chakraborty
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Jawaharlal Nehru University Campus, New Delhi, India
| | - Niranjan Chakraborty
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Jawaharlal Nehru University Campus, New Delhi, India
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Sharma P, Gayen D. Plant protease as regulator and signaling molecule for enhancing environmental stress-tolerance. Plant Cell Rep 2021; 40:2081-2095. [PMID: 34173047 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-021-02739-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Proteases are ubiquitous in prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Plant proteases are key regulators of various physiological processes, including protein homeostasis, organelle development, senescence, seed germination, protein processing, environmental stress response, and programmed cell death. Proteases are involved in the breakdown of peptide bonds resulting in irreversible posttranslational modification of the protein. Proteases act as signaling molecules that specifically regulate cellular function by cleaving and triggering receptor molecules. Peptides derived from proteolysis regulate ROS signaling under oxidative stress in the plant. It degrades misfolded and abnormal proteins into amino acids to repair the cell damage and regulates the biological process in response to environmental stress. Proteases modulate the biogenesis of phytohormones which control plant growth, development, and environmental stresses. Protein homeostasis, the overall balance between protein synthesis and proteolysis, is required for plant growth and development. Abiotic and biotic stresses are major factors that negatively impact cellular survivability, biomass production, and reduced crop yield potentials. Therefore, the identification of various stress-responsive proteases and their molecular functions may elucidate valuable information for the development of stress-resilient crops with higher yield potentials. However, the understanding of molecular mechanisms of plant protease remains unexplored. This review provides an overview of proteases related to development, signaling, and growth regulation to acclimatize environmental stress in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Punam Sharma
- Department of Biochemistry, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, 305817, Rajasthan, India
| | - Dipak Gayen
- Department of Biochemistry, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, 305817, Rajasthan, India.
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7
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Lande NV, Barua P, Gayen D, Kumar S, Varshney S, Sengupta S, Chakraborty S, Chakraborty N. Dehydration-induced alterations in chloroplast proteome and reprogramming of cellular metabolism in developing chickpea delineate interrelated adaptive responses. Plant Physiol Biochem 2020; 146:337-348. [PMID: 31785520 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2019.11.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Revised: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Chloroplast, the energy organelle unique to photosynthetic eukaryotes, executes several crucial functions including photosynthesis. While chloroplast development and function are controlled by the nucleus, environmental stress modulated alterations perceived by the chloroplasts are communicated to the nucleus via retrograde signaling. Notably, coordination of chloroplast and nuclear gene expression is synchronized by anterograde and retrograde signaling. The chloroplast proteome holds significance for stress responses and adaptation. We unraveled dehydration-induced alterations in the chloroplast proteome of a grain legume, chickpea and identified an array of dehydration-responsive proteins (DRPs) primarily involved in photosynthesis, carbohydrate metabolism and stress response. Notably, 12 DRPs were encoded by chloroplast genome, while the rest were nuclear-encoded. We observed a coordinated expression of different multi-subunit protein complexes viz., RuBisCo, photosystem II and cytochrome b6f, encoded by both chloroplast and nuclear genome. Comparison with previously reported stress-responsive chloroplast proteomes showed unique and overlapping components. Transcript abundance of several previously reported markers of retrograde signaling revealed relay of dehydration-elicited signaling events between chloroplasts and nucleus. Additionally, dehydration-triggered metabolic adjustments demonstrated alterations in carbohydrate and amino acid metabolism. This study offers a panoramic catalogue of dehydration-responsive signatures of chloroplast proteome and associated retrograde signaling events, and cellular metabolic reprograming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nilesh Vikam Lande
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Pragya Barua
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Dipak Gayen
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Sunil Kumar
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Swati Varshney
- CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, South Campus, Mathura Road, New Delhi, 110 020, India
| | - Shantanu Sengupta
- CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, South Campus, Mathura Road, New Delhi, 110 020, India
| | - Subhra Chakraborty
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Niranjan Chakraborty
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India.
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Lande NV, Barua P, Gayen D, Kumar S, Chakraborty S, Chakraborty N. Proteomic dissection of the chloroplast: Moving beyond photosynthesis. J Proteomics 2019; 212:103542. [PMID: 31704367 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2019.103542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Revised: 09/15/2019] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Chloroplast, the photosynthetic machinery, converts photoenergy to ATP and NADPH, which powers the production of carbohydrates from atmospheric CO2 and H2O. It also serves as a major production site of multivariate pro-defense molecules, and coordinate with other organelles for cell defense. Chloroplast harbors 30-50% of total cellular proteins, out of which 80% are membrane residents and are difficult to solubilize. While proteome profiling has illuminated vast areas of biological protein space, a great deal of effort must be invested to understand the proteomic landscape of the chloroplast, which plays central role in photosynthesis, energy metabolism and stress-adaptation. Therefore, characterization of chloroplast proteome would not only provide the foundation for future investigation of expression and function of chloroplast proteins, but would open up new avenues for modulation of plant productivity through synchronizing chloroplastic key components. In this review, we summarize the progress that has been made to build new understanding of the chloroplast proteome and implications of chloroplast dynamicsing generate metabolic energy and modulating stress adaptation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nilesh Vikram Lande
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Jawaharlal Nehru University Campus, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Pragya Barua
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Jawaharlal Nehru University Campus, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Dipak Gayen
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Jawaharlal Nehru University Campus, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Sunil Kumar
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Jawaharlal Nehru University Campus, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Subhra Chakraborty
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Jawaharlal Nehru University Campus, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Niranjan Chakraborty
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Jawaharlal Nehru University Campus, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi 110067, India.
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Karmakar S, Datta K, Molla KA, Gayen D, Das K, Sarkar SN, Datta SK. Proteo-metabolomic investigation of transgenic rice unravels metabolic alterations and accumulation of novel proteins potentially involved in defence against Rhizoctonia solani. Sci Rep 2019; 9:10461. [PMID: 31320685 PMCID: PMC6639406 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-46885-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The generation of sheath blight (ShB)-resistant transgenic rice plants through the expression of Arabidopsis NPR1 gene is a significant development for research in the field of biotic stress. However, to our knowledge, regulation of the proteomic and metabolic networks in the ShB-resistant transgenic rice plants has not been studied. In the present investigation, the relative proteome and metabolome profiles of the non-transformed wild-type and the AtNPR1-transgenic rice lines prior to and subsequent to the R. solani infection were investigated. Total proteins from wild type and transgenic plants were investigated using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) followed by mass spectrometry (MS). The metabolomics study indicated an increased abundance of various metabolites, which draws parallels with the proteomic analysis. Furthermore, the proteome data was cross-examined using network analysis which identified modules that were rich in known as well as novel immunity-related prognostic proteins, particularly the mitogen-activated protein kinase 6, probable protein phosphatase 2C1, probable trehalose-phosphate phosphatase 2 and heat shock protein. A novel protein, 14-3-3GF14f was observed to be upregulated in the leaves of the transgenic rice plants after ShB infection, and the possible mechanistic role of this protein in ShB resistance may be investigated further.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhasis Karmakar
- Laboratory of Translational Research on Transgenic Crops, Department of Botany, University of Calcutta, 35 Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata, 700019, West Bengal, India
| | - Karabi Datta
- Laboratory of Translational Research on Transgenic Crops, Department of Botany, University of Calcutta, 35 Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata, 700019, West Bengal, India.
| | - Kutubuddin Ali Molla
- ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, 753 006, Odisha, India
- The Huck Institute of the Life Sciences and Department of Plant Pathology and Environmental Microbiology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA-16802, USA
| | - Dipak Gayen
- Section of Plant Biology, School of Integrative Plant Sciences (SIPS), Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Kaushik Das
- Laboratory of Translational Research on Transgenic Crops, Department of Botany, University of Calcutta, 35 Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata, 700019, West Bengal, India
| | - Sailendra Nath Sarkar
- Laboratory of Translational Research on Transgenic Crops, Department of Botany, University of Calcutta, 35 Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata, 700019, West Bengal, India
| | - Swapan K Datta
- Laboratory of Translational Research on Transgenic Crops, Department of Botany, University of Calcutta, 35 Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata, 700019, West Bengal, India
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Karmakar S, Molla KA, Gayen D, Karmakar A, Das K, Sarkar SN, Datta K, Datta SK. Development of a rapid and highly efficient Agrobacterium-mediated transformation system for pigeon pea [ Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp]. GM Crops Food 2019; 10:115-138. [PMID: 31187675 DOI: 10.1080/21645698.2019.1625653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
An efficient genetic transformation system is a prerequisite for studying gene functions, molecular breeding program, and introducing new traits. Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated genetic transformation is a widely preferred and accepted method for many plants, including pigeon pea. However, the efficiency of transformation of pigeon pea using the existing protocols is low and time-consuming. In the present study, we developed a rapid and highly efficient transformation system of pigeon pea, using embryonic axis-attached cotyledons as explants. We systematically investigated the influence of varying optical densities of Agrobacterium suspension, duration of incubation, and co-cultivation on the transformation efficiency. In our system, a transformation efficiency of approximately 83% was achieved using Agrobacterium cells at an optical density (OD600) of 0.25, infection time of 15 min, and co-culturing with explants for 72 h in the light with 100µM acetosyringone. The entire procedure, starting from seed to establishment of transformed plants in soil, was achieved in 35-40 days. This is a rapid and highly efficient protocol for Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of pigeon pea, which could potentially be a useful reference, not only for the genetic improvement of pigeon pea but also for other recalcitrant leguminous plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhasis Karmakar
- a Laboratory of Translational Research on Transgenic Crops, Department of Botany , University of Calcutta , Kolkata , India
| | - Kutubuddin Ali Molla
- b Crop Improvement Division , ICAR-National Rice Research Institute , Cuttack , India.,c The Huck Institute of the Life Sciences and Department of Plant Pathology and Environmental Microbiology , The Pennsylvania State University, University Park , PA , USA
| | - Dipak Gayen
- d School of Integrative Plant Sciences (SIPS) , Cornell University , Ithaca , NY , USA
| | - Aritra Karmakar
- a Laboratory of Translational Research on Transgenic Crops, Department of Botany , University of Calcutta , Kolkata , India
| | - Kaushik Das
- a Laboratory of Translational Research on Transgenic Crops, Department of Botany , University of Calcutta , Kolkata , India
| | - Sailendra Nath Sarkar
- a Laboratory of Translational Research on Transgenic Crops, Department of Botany , University of Calcutta , Kolkata , India
| | - Karabi Datta
- a Laboratory of Translational Research on Transgenic Crops, Department of Botany , University of Calcutta , Kolkata , India
| | - Swapan K Datta
- a Laboratory of Translational Research on Transgenic Crops, Department of Botany , University of Calcutta , Kolkata , India
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Gayen D, Gayali S, Barua P, Lande NV, Varshney S, Sengupta S, Chakraborty S, Chakraborty N. Dehydration-induced proteomic landscape of mitochondria in chickpea reveals large-scale coordination of key biological processes. J Proteomics 2019; 192:267-279. [PMID: 30243939 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2018.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2018] [Revised: 08/09/2018] [Accepted: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria play crucial roles in regulating multiple biological processes particularly electron transfer and energy metabolism in eukaryotic cells. Exposure to water-deficit or dehydration may affect mitochondrial function, and dehydration response may dictate cell fate decisions. iTRAQ-based quantitative proteome of a winter legume, chickpea, demonstrated the central metabolic alterations in mitochondria, presumably involved in dehydration adaptation. Three-week-old chickpea seedlings were subjected to progressive dehydration and the magnitude of dehydration-induced compensatory physiological responses was monitored in terms of physicochemical characteristics and mitochondrial architecture. The proteomics analysis led to the identification of 40 dehydration-responsive proteins whose expressions were significantly modulated by dehydration. The differentially expressed proteins were implicated in different metabolic processes, with obvious functional tendencies toward purine-thiamine metabolic network, pathways of carbon fixation and oxidative phosphorylation. The linearity of dehydration-induced proteome alteration was examined with transcript abundance of randomly selected candidates under multivariate stress conditions. The differentially regulated proteins were validated through sequence analysis. An extensive sequence based localization prediction revealed >62.5% proteins to be mitochondrial resident by, at least, one prediction algorithm. The results altogether provide intriguing insights into the dehydration-responsive metabolic pathways and useful clues to identify crucial proteins linked to stress tolerance. BIOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE: Investigation on plant mitochondrial proteome is of significance because it would allow a better understanding of mitochondrial function in plant adaptation to stress. Mitochondria are the unique organelles, which play a crucial role in energy metabolism and cellular homeostasis, particularly when exposed to stress conditions. Chickpea is one of the cultivated winter legumes, which enriches soil nitrogen and has very low water footprint and thus contributes to fortification of sustainable agriculture. We therefore examined the dehydration-responsive mitochondrial proteome landscape of chickpea and queried whether molecular interplay of mitochondrial proteins modulate dehydration tolerance. A total of 40 dehydration-induced mitochondrial proteins were identified, predicted to be involved in key metabolic processes. Our future efforts would focus on understanding both posttranslational modification and processing for comprehensive characterization of mitochondrial protein function. This approach will facilitate mining of more biomarkers linked to the tolerance trait and contribute to crop adaptation to climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dipak Gayen
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Jawaharlal Nehru University Campus, Aruna, Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, India
| | - Saurabh Gayali
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Jawaharlal Nehru University Campus, Aruna, Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, India
| | - Pragya Barua
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Jawaharlal Nehru University Campus, Aruna, Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, India
| | - Nilesh Vikram Lande
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Jawaharlal Nehru University Campus, Aruna, Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, India
| | - Swati Varshney
- CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Mathura Road, New Delhi, India
| | - Shantanu Sengupta
- CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Mathura Road, New Delhi, India
| | - Subhra Chakraborty
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Jawaharlal Nehru University Campus, Aruna, Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, India
| | - Niranjan Chakraborty
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Jawaharlal Nehru University Campus, Aruna, Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, India.
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12
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Barua P, Lande NV, Subba P, Gayen D, Pinto S, Keshava Prasad TS, Chakraborty S, Chakraborty N. Dehydration-responsive nuclear proteome landscape of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) reveals phosphorylation-mediated regulation of stress response. Plant Cell Environ 2019; 42:230-244. [PMID: 29749054 DOI: 10.1111/pce.13334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2017] [Revised: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 04/30/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Nonavailability of water or dehydration remains recurring climatic disorder affecting yield of major food crops, legumes in particular. Nuclear proteins (NPs) and phosphoproteins (NPPs) execute crucial cellular functions that form the regulatory hub for coordinated stress response. Phosphoproteins hold enormous influence over cellular signalling. Four-week-old seedlings of a grain legume, chickpea, were subjected to gradual dehydration, and NPs were extracted from unstressed control and from 72- and 144-hr stressed tissues. We identified 4,832 NPs and 478 phosphosites, corresponding to 299 unique NPPs involved in multivariate cellular processes including protein modification and gene expression regulation, among others. The identified proteins included several novel kinases, phosphatases, and transcription factors, besides 660 uncharacterized proteins. Spliceosome complex and splicing related proteins were dominant among differentially regulated NPPs, indicating their dehydration modulated regulation. Phospho-motif analysis revealed stress-induced enrichment of proline-directed serine phosphorylation. Association mapping of NPPs revealed predominance of differential phosphorylation of spliceosome and splicing associated proteins. Also, regulatory proteins of key processes viz., protein degradation, regulation of flowering time, and circadian clock were observed to undergo dehydration-induced dephosphorylation. The characterization of novel regulatory proteins would provide new insights into stress adaptation and enable directed genetic manipulations for developing climate-resilient crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pragya Barua
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Jawaharlal Nehru University Campus, Aruna, Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Nilesh Vikram Lande
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Jawaharlal Nehru University Campus, Aruna, Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Pratigya Subba
- YU-IOB Center for Systems Biology and Molecular Medicine, Yenepoya University, Mangalore, 575 018, India
| | - Dipak Gayen
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Jawaharlal Nehru University Campus, Aruna, Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Sneha Pinto
- YU-IOB Center for Systems Biology and Molecular Medicine, Yenepoya University, Mangalore, 575 018, India
| | - T S Keshava Prasad
- YU-IOB Center for Systems Biology and Molecular Medicine, Yenepoya University, Mangalore, 575 018, India
- International Technology Park, Institute of Bioinformatics, Bengaluru, 560066, India
| | - Subhra Chakraborty
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Jawaharlal Nehru University Campus, Aruna, Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Niranjan Chakraborty
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Jawaharlal Nehru University Campus, Aruna, Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
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Abstract
The present study highlights the molecular regulation of iron transport in soyFER1-overexpressing transgenic rice. Accumulation of iron in three different seed developmental stages, milk, dough, and mature, has been examined. The transgenic seeds of the milk stage showed significant augmentation of iron and zinc levels compared with wild-type seeds, and similar results were observed throughout the dough and mature stages. To investigate the regulation of iron transport, the role of miRNAs was studied in roots of transgenic rice. Sequencing of small RNA libraries revealed 153 known and 41 novel miRNAs in roots. Among them, 59 known and 14 novel miRNAs were found to be significantly expressed. miR166, miR399, and miR408 were identified as playing a vital role in iron uptake in roots of transgenic plants . Most importantly, four putative novel miRNAs, namely miR11, miR26, miR30, and miR31, were found to be down-regulated in roots of transgenic plants. For all these four novel miRNAs, natural resistance-associated macrophage protein 4 (NRAMP4), encoding a metal transporter, was predicted as a target gene. It is hypothesized that the NRAMP4 transporter is activated in roots of transgenic plants due to the lower abundance of its corresponding putative novel miRNAs. The relative transcript level of the NRAMP4 transcript was increased from 0.107 in the wild type to 65.24 and 55.39 in transgenic plants, which demonstrates the elevated amount of iron transport in transgenic plants. In addition, up-regulation of OsYSL15, OsFRO2, and OsIRT1 in roots also facilitates iron loading in transgenic seeds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumitra Paul
- Laboratory of Translational Research on Transgenic Crops, Department of Botany, University of Calcutta, 35 Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata-700019, West Bengal, India
| | - Dipak Gayen
- Laboratory of Translational Research on Transgenic Crops, Department of Botany, University of Calcutta, 35 Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata-700019, West Bengal, India
| | - Swapan K Datta
- Laboratory of Translational Research on Transgenic Crops, Department of Botany, University of Calcutta, 35 Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata-700019, West Bengal, India
| | - Karabi Datta
- Laboratory of Translational Research on Transgenic Crops, Department of Botany, University of Calcutta, 35 Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata-700019, West Bengal, India
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Gayen D, Paul S, Sarkar SN, Datta SK, Datta K. Comparative nutritional compositions and proteomics analysis of transgenic Xa21 rice seeds compared to conventional rice. Food Chem 2016; 203:301-307. [PMID: 26948618 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.02.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2015] [Revised: 12/09/2015] [Accepted: 02/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Transgenic rice expressing the Xa21 gene have enhanced resistant to most devastating bacterial blight diseases caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo). However, identification of unintended modifications, owing to the genetic modification, is an important aspect of transgenic crop safety assessment. In this study, the nutritional compositions of seeds from transgenic rice plants expressing the Xa21 gene were compared against non-transgenic rice seeds. In addition, to detect any changes in protein translation levels as a result of Xa21 gene expression, rice seed proteome analyses were also performed by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. No significant differences were found in the nutritional compositions (proximate components, amino acids, minerals, vitamins and anti-nutrients) of the transgenic and non-transgenic rice seeds. Although gel electrophoresis identified 11 proteins that were differentially expressed between the transgenic and non-transgenic seed, only one of these (with a 20-fold up-regulation in the transgenic seed) shows nutrient reservoir activity. No new toxins or allergens were detected in the transgenic seeds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dipak Gayen
- Laboratory for Translational Research on Transgenic Crops, Department of Botany, University of Calcutta, 35 Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata 700019, India
| | - Soumitra Paul
- Laboratory for Translational Research on Transgenic Crops, Department of Botany, University of Calcutta, 35 Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata 700019, India
| | - Sailendra Nath Sarkar
- Laboratory for Translational Research on Transgenic Crops, Department of Botany, University of Calcutta, 35 Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata 700019, India
| | - Swapan K Datta
- Laboratory for Translational Research on Transgenic Crops, Department of Botany, University of Calcutta, 35 Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata 700019, India
| | - Karabi Datta
- Laboratory for Translational Research on Transgenic Crops, Department of Botany, University of Calcutta, 35 Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata 700019, India.
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15
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Rathi D, Gayen D, Gayali S, Chakraborty S, Chakraborty N. Back cover: Legume proteomics: Progress, prospects, and challenges. Proteomics 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201670026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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16
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Gayen D, Ghosh S, Paul S, Sarkar SN, Datta SK, Datta K. Metabolic Regulation of Carotenoid-Enriched Golden Rice Line. Front Plant Sci 2016; 7:1622. [PMID: 27840631 PMCID: PMC5083848 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.01622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2016] [Accepted: 10/13/2016] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Vitamin A deficiency (VAD) is the leading cause of blindness among children and is associated with high risk of maternal mortality. In order to enhance the bioavailability of vitamin A, high carotenoid transgenic golden rice has been developed by manipulating enzymes, such as phytoene synthase (psy) and phytoene desaturase (crtI). In this study, proteome and metabolite analyses were carried out to comprehend metabolic regulation and adaptation of transgenic golden rice after the manipulation of endosperm specific carotenoid pathways. The main alteration was observed in carbohydrate metabolism pathways of the transgenic seeds. The 2D based proteomic studies demonstrated that carbohydrate metabolism-related enzymes, such as pullulanase, UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase, and glucose-1-phosphate adenylyltransferase, were primarily up-regulated in transgenic rice seeds. In addition, the enzyme PPDK was also elevated in transgenic seeds thus enhancing pyruvate biosynthesis, which is the precursor in the carotenoids biosynthetic pathway. GC-MS based metabolite profiling demonstrated an increase in the levels of glyceric acid, fructo-furanose, and galactose, while decrease in galactonic acid and gentiobiose in the transgenic rice compared to WT. It is noteworthy to mention that the carotenoid content, especially β-carotene level in transgenic rice (4.3 μg/g) was significantly enhanced. The present study highlights the metabolic adaptation process of a transgenic golden rice line (homozygous T4 progeny of SKBR-244) after enhancing carotenoid biosynthesis. The presented information would be helpful in the development of crops enriched in carotenoids by expressing metabolic flux of pyruvate biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dipak Gayen
- Laboratory for Translational Research on Transgenic Crops, Department of Botany, University of CalcuttaKolkata, India
- National Institute of Plant Genome ResearchNew Delhi, India
| | - Subhrajyoti Ghosh
- Laboratory for Translational Research on Transgenic Crops, Department of Botany, University of CalcuttaKolkata, India
| | - Soumitra Paul
- Laboratory for Translational Research on Transgenic Crops, Department of Botany, University of CalcuttaKolkata, India
| | - Sailendra N. Sarkar
- Laboratory for Translational Research on Transgenic Crops, Department of Botany, University of CalcuttaKolkata, India
| | - Swapan K. Datta
- Laboratory for Translational Research on Transgenic Crops, Department of Botany, University of CalcuttaKolkata, India
- Department of Crop Sciences, Institute of Agriculture, Visva Bharati UniversitySantiniketan, India
| | - Karabi Datta
- Laboratory for Translational Research on Transgenic Crops, Department of Botany, University of CalcuttaKolkata, India
- *Correspondence: Karabi Datta
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Rathi D, Gayen D, Gayali S, Chakraborty S, Chakraborty N. Legume proteomics: Progress, prospects, and challenges. Proteomics 2015; 16:310-27. [DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201500257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2015] [Revised: 09/19/2015] [Accepted: 11/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Divya Rathi
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research; Aruna Asaf Ali Marg New Delhi India
| | - Dipak Gayen
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research; Aruna Asaf Ali Marg New Delhi India
| | - Saurabh Gayali
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research; Aruna Asaf Ali Marg New Delhi India
| | - Subhra Chakraborty
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research; Aruna Asaf Ali Marg New Delhi India
| | - Niranjan Chakraborty
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research; Aruna Asaf Ali Marg New Delhi India
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18
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Gayen D, Ali N, Sarkar SN, Datta SK, Datta K. Down-regulation of lipoxygenase gene reduces degradation of carotenoids of golden rice during storage. Planta 2015; 242:353-63. [PMID: 25963517 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-015-2314-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2015] [Accepted: 04/22/2015] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Down-regulation of lipoxygenase enzyme activity reduces degradation of carotenoids of bio-fortified rice seeds which would be an effective tool to reduce huge post-harvest and economic losses of bio-fortified rice seeds during storage. Bio-fortified provitamin A-enriched rice line (golden rice) expressing higher amounts of β-carotene in the rice endosperm provides vitamin A for human health. However, it is already reported that degradation of carotenoids during storage is a major problem. The gene responsible for degradation of carotenoids during storage has remained largely unexplored till now. In our previous study, it has been shown that r9-LOX1 gene is responsible for rice seed quality deterioration. In the present study, we attempted to investigate if r9-LOX1 gene has any role in degradation of carotenoids in rice seeds during storage. To establish our hypothesis, the endogenous lipoxygenase (LOX) activity of high-carotenoid golden indica rice seed was silenced by RNAi technology using aleurone layer and embryo-specific Oleosin-18 promoter. To check the storage stability, LOX enzyme down-regulated high-carotenoid T3 transgenic rice seeds were subjected to artificial aging treatment. The results obtained from biochemical assays (MDA, ROS) also indicated that after artificial aging, the deterioration of LOX-RNAi lines was considerably lower compared to β-carotene-enriched transgenic rice which had higher LOX activity in comparison to LOX-RNAi lines. Furthermore, it was also observed by HPLC analysis that down-regulation of LOX gene activity decreases co-oxidation of β-carotene in LOX-RNAi golden rice seeds as compared to the β-carotene-enriched transgenic rice, after artificial aging treatment. Therefore, our study substantially establishes and verifies that LOX is a key enzyme for catalyzing co-oxidation of β-carotene and has a significant role in deterioration of β-carotene levels in the carotenoid-enriched golden rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dipak Gayen
- Laboratory of Translational Research on Transgenic Crops, Department of Botany, University of Calcutta, 35 Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata, 700019, West Bengal, India
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Paul S, Gayen D, Datta SK, Datta K. Dissecting root proteome of transgenic rice cultivars unravels metabolic alterations and accumulation of novel stress responsive proteins under drought stress. Plant Sci 2015; 234:133-43. [PMID: 25804816 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2015.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2014] [Revised: 02/05/2015] [Accepted: 02/11/2015] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Generation of drought tolerant rice plants by overexpressing Arabidopsis DREB1A is a significant development for abiotic stress research. However, the metabolic network regulated in the drought tolerant transgenic rice plants is poorly understood. In this research study, we have demonstrated the comparative proteome analysis between the roots of wild type and transgenic DREB1A overexpressing homozygous plants under drought stress condition. After 7d of dehydration stress at reproductive stage, the plants were re-watered for 24h. The roots were collected separately from wild type and transgenic plants grown under water, drought stress and re-watering conditions and total proteins were analyzed by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) coupled with mass spectrometry (MS). Among the large number of differentially accumulated spots, 30, 27 and 20 spots were successfully identified as differentially expressed proteins in three different conditions respectively. The major class of identified proteins belongs to carbohydrate and energy metabolism category while stress and defense related proteins are especially up-accumulated under drought stress in both the plants. A novel protein, R40C1 was reported to be up-accumulated in roots of transgenic plants which may play an important role in generation of drought tolerant plants. Protein-protein interaction helps to identify the network of drought stress signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumitra Paul
- Laboratory of Translational Research on Transgenic Crops, Department of Botany, University of Calcutta, 35 Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata 700019, West Bengal, India
| | - Dipak Gayen
- Laboratory of Translational Research on Transgenic Crops, Department of Botany, University of Calcutta, 35 Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata 700019, West Bengal, India
| | - Swapan K Datta
- Laboratory of Translational Research on Transgenic Crops, Department of Botany, University of Calcutta, 35 Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata 700019, West Bengal, India
| | - Karabi Datta
- Laboratory of Translational Research on Transgenic Crops, Department of Botany, University of Calcutta, 35 Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata 700019, West Bengal, India.
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Gayen D, Sarkar SN, Datta SK, Datta K. Comparative analysis of nutritional compositions of transgenic high iron rice with its non-transgenic counterpart. Food Chem 2013; 138:835-40. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2012.11.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2012] [Revised: 10/11/2012] [Accepted: 11/14/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Ali N, Paul S, Gayen D, Sarkar SN, Datta SK, Datta K. RNAi mediated down regulation of myo-inositol-3-phosphate synthase to generate low phytate rice. Rice (N Y) 2013; 6:12. [PMID: 24280240 PMCID: PMC4883737 DOI: 10.1186/1939-8433-6-12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2012] [Accepted: 05/07/2013] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Phytic acid (InsP6) is considered as the major source of phosphorus and inositol phosphates in cereal grains. Reduction of phytic acid level in cereal grains is desirable in view of its antinutrient properties to maximize mineral bioavailability and minimize the load of phosphorus waste management. We report here RNAi mediated seed-specific silencing of myo-inositol-3-phosphate synthase (MIPS) gene catalyzing the first step of phytic acid biosynthesis in rice. Moreover, we also studied the possible implications of MIPS silencing on myo-inositol and related metabolism, since, first step of phytic acid biosynthesis is also the rate limiting step of myo-inositol synthesis, catalyzed by MIPS. RESULTS The resulting transgenic rice plants (T3) showed a 4.59 fold down regulation in MIPS gene expression, which corresponds to a significant decrease in phytate levels and a simultaneous increment in the amount of inorganic phosphate in the seeds. A diminution in the myo-inositol content of transgenic plants was also observed due to disruption of the first step of phytic acid biosynthetic pathway, which further reduced the level of ascorbate and altered abscisic acid (ABA) sensitivity of the transgenic plants. In addition, our results shows that in the transgenic plants, the lower phytate levels has led to an increment of divalent cations, of which a 1.6 fold increase in the iron concentration in milled rice seeds was noteworthy. This increase could be attributed to reduced chelation of divalent metal (iron) cations, which may correlate to higher iron bioavailability in the endosperm of rice grains. CONCLUSION The present study evidently suggests that seed-specific silencing of MIPS in transgenic rice plants can yield substantial reduction in levels of phytic acid along with an increase in inorganic phosphate content. However, it was also demonstrated that the low phytate seeds had an undesirable diminution in levels of myo-inositol and ascorbate, which probably led to sensitiveness of seeds to abscisic acid during germination. Therefore, it is suggested that though MIPS is the prime target for generation of low phytate transgenic plants, down-regulation of MIPS can have detrimental effect on myo-inositol synthesis and related pathways which are involved in key plant metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nusrat Ali
- />Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Calcutta, 35, Ballygunge Circular road, Kolkata, 700019 WB India
| | - Soumitra Paul
- />Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Calcutta, 35, Ballygunge Circular road, Kolkata, 700019 WB India
| | - Dipak Gayen
- />Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Calcutta, 35, Ballygunge Circular road, Kolkata, 700019 WB India
| | - Sailendra Nath Sarkar
- />Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Calcutta, 35, Ballygunge Circular road, Kolkata, 700019 WB India
| | - Swapan K Datta
- />Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Calcutta, 35, Ballygunge Circular road, Kolkata, 700019 WB India
- />Division of Crop Science, Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR), Krishi Bhavan, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Road, New Delhi, 110001 India
| | - Karabi Datta
- />Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Calcutta, 35, Ballygunge Circular road, Kolkata, 700019 WB India
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22
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Paul S, Ali N, Gayen D, Datta SK, Datta K. Molecular breeding of Osfer 2 gene to increase iron nutrition in rice grain. GM Crops Food 2012; 3:310-6. [PMID: 22992483 DOI: 10.4161/gmcr.22104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Rice being a staple food, contains little iron in the edible grain. To increase the iron nutrition in rice grains, our present study highlights the first time development of high iron rice grain by exploring the endosperm specific overexpression of endogenous ferritin gene. The gene has been cloned from rice and overexpressed under the control of endosperm specific GlutelinA2 (OsGluA 2) promoter. After genetic transformation of aromatic indica rice cultivar, Pusa-sugandhi II, the milled seeds of resulting T 3 transgenics exhibited 7.8-fold of ferritin overexpression, which contributed to 2.09- and 1.37-fold of iron and zinc accumulation respectively. T 3 seeds demonstrated endosperm specific localization of iron that confirms the tissue specific activity of GluA2 promoter. Transgenic and non-transgenic plants showed no difference in their agronomic traits. Our study suggested that overexpression of rice endogenous ferritin gene is a step ahead toward cisgenic approach and can act as an effective tool for iron biofortification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumitra Paul
- Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, India
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23
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Ganguly M, Datta K, Roychoudhury A, Gayen D, Sengupta DN, Datta SK. Overexpression of Rab16A gene in indica rice variety for generating enhanced salt tolerance. Plant Signal Behav 2012; 7:502-9. [PMID: 22499169 PMCID: PMC3419040 DOI: 10.4161/psb.19646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
We report here the overexpression of Rab16A full length gene (promoter + ORF), from the salt-tolerant indica rice Pokkali, in the salt-susceptible indica rice variety Khitish, via particle bombardment. Molecular analysis of the transgenics revealed stable integration of the transgene upto T2 generation. High level of expression of the transgene (driven by its own stress-inducible promoter), as well as the protein, was detectable in the leaves under simulated salinity stress (250 mM NaCl, 24 h); the expression level being higher than wild type (WT) plants. The Rab16A transcript also increased gradually with seed maturity, with its maximal accumulation at 30 d after pollination (DAP) i.e., fully matured seeds, explaining the protective role of Rab16A gene during seed maturation. Enhanced tolerance to salinity was observed in the plants transformed with Rab16A. The superior physiological performances of the transgenics under salt treatment were also reflected in lesser shoot or root length inhibition, reduced chlorophyll damages, lesser accumulation of Na(+) and reduced loss of K(+), increased proline content as compared with the WT plants. All these results indicated that the overproduction of RAB16A protein in the transgenics enable them to display enhanced tolerance to salinity stress with improved physiological traits. Our work demonstrates the profound potential of Group 2 LEA proteins (to which RAB16A belongs to) in conferring stress tolerance in crop plants through their genetic manipulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moumita Ganguly
- Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Laboratory; Department of Botany; University of Calcutta; Kolkata, India
| | - Karabi Datta
- Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Laboratory; Department of Botany; University of Calcutta; Kolkata, India
| | - Aryadeep Roychoudhury
- Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Laboratory; Department of Botany; University of Calcutta; Kolkata, India
| | - Dipak Gayen
- Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Laboratory; Department of Botany; University of Calcutta; Kolkata, India
| | | | - Swapan K. Datta
- Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Laboratory; Department of Botany; University of Calcutta; Kolkata, India
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research; Krishi Bhawan; New Delhi, India
- Correspondence to: Swapan K. Datta,
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