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Hou H, Ji Y, Pan Y, Wang L, Liang Y. Persistent organic pollutants and metabolic diseases: From the perspective of lipid droplets. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 362:124980. [PMID: 39293651 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.124980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2024] [Revised: 08/12/2024] [Accepted: 09/15/2024] [Indexed: 09/20/2024]
Abstract
The characteristic of semi-volatility enables persistent organic pollutants (POPs) almost ubiquitous in the environment. There is increasing concern about the potential risks of exposure to POPs due to their lipophilicity and readily bioaccumulation. Lipid droplets (LDs) are highly dynamic lipid storage organelles, alterations of intracellular LDs play a vital role in the progression of many prevalent metabolic diseases, such as type 2 diabetes (T2D) and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). This article systematically reviewed the biological processes involved in LDs metabolism, the role of LDs proteins and LDs in metabolic diseases, and summarized updating researches on involvement of POPs in the progression of LDs-related metabolic diseases and potential mechanisms. POPs might change the physiological functions of LDs, also interfere the processes of adipogenesis and lipolysis by altering LDs synthesis, decomposition and function. However, further studies are still needed to explore the underlying mechanism of POPs-induced metabolic diseases, which can offer scientific evidences for metabolic disease prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huixin Hou
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Environmental and Health Effects of Persistent Toxic Substances, School of Environment and Health, Jianghan University, Wuhan, 430056, China
| | - Yaoting Ji
- Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory for Oral Biomedicine of Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yu Pan
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Environmental and Health Effects of Persistent Toxic Substances, School of Environment and Health, Jianghan University, Wuhan, 430056, China
| | - Ling Wang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Environmental and Health Effects of Persistent Toxic Substances, School of Environment and Health, Jianghan University, Wuhan, 430056, China.
| | - Yong Liang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Environmental and Health Effects of Persistent Toxic Substances, School of Environment and Health, Jianghan University, Wuhan, 430056, China
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2
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Ma Q, Huang L, Long C, Lin W. 3D Imaging of Lipid Droplet-Nuclear Membrane Contact Sites and Cirrhotic Lipid Droplet Overexpression. Anal Chem 2024; 96:12908-12915. [PMID: 39066699 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.4c03370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
To coordinate cellular physiology, cells rely on the rapid exchange of molecules at specialized organelle-organelle contact sites. Lipid droplets (LDs) and nuclear membrane (NM) contact sites are particularly vital communication hubs, playing key roles in the exchange of signaling molecules, lipids, and metabolites. However, there is still a lack of understanding of the specific morphology of the contact sites. Here, we combine advanced three-dimensional (3D) imaging with a high-brightness fluorescent probe specifically targeting LDs to map the structural landscape of LD-NM contact sites. The probe exhibits exceptional photophysical properties, making it highly suitable for visualizing the changes occurring in LDs during the apoptosis process. In addition, we utilize the advantages of the probe to accurately monitor the overexpression of abnormal LDs in cirrhosis by 3D imaging for the first time. The outcomes of this investigation highlight that the probe has potential as a robust imaging tool to investigate intricate biological functions of LDs and their implications in related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingqing Ma
- Institute of Optical Materials and Chemical Biology, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, P. R. China
| | - Ling Huang
- Institute of Optical Materials and Chemical Biology, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, P. R. China
| | - Chenyuan Long
- Institute of Optical Materials and Chemical Biology, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, P. R. China
| | - Weiying Lin
- Institute of Optical Materials and Chemical Biology, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, P. R. China
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3
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Xu L, Li L, Wu L, Li P, Chen FJ. CIDE proteins and their regulatory mechanisms in lipid droplet fusion and growth. FEBS Lett 2024; 598:1154-1169. [PMID: 38355218 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
The cell death-inducing DFF45-like effector (CIDE) proteins, including Cidea, Cideb, and Cidec/Fsp27, regulate various aspects of lipid homeostasis, including lipid storage, lipolysis, and lipid secretion. This review focuses on the physiological roles of CIDE proteins based on studies on knockout mouse models and human patients bearing CIDE mutations. The primary cellular function of CIDE proteins is to localize to lipid droplets (LDs) and to control LD fusion and growth across different cell types. We propose a four-step process of LD fusion, characterized by (a) the recruitment of CIDE proteins to the LD surface and CIDE movement, (b) the enrichment and condensate formation of CIDE proteins to form LD fusion plates at LD-LD contact sites, (c) lipid transfer through lipid-permeable passageways within the fusion plates, and (d) the completion of LD fusion. Lastly, we outline CIDE-interacting proteins as regulatory factors, as well as their contribution in LD fusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology and Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Lizhen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology and Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Lingzhi Wu
- College of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Peng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology and Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Metabolic Remodeling and Health, Institute of Metabolism and Integrative Biology, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Tianjian Laboratory of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, China
| | - Feng-Jung Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Metabolic Remodeling and Health, Institute of Metabolism and Integrative Biology, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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4
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Zadoorian A, Du X, Yang H. Lipid droplet biogenesis and functions in health and disease. Nat Rev Endocrinol 2023:10.1038/s41574-023-00845-0. [PMID: 37221402 DOI: 10.1038/s41574-023-00845-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 89.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Ubiquitous yet unique, lipid droplets are intracellular organelles that are increasingly being recognized for their versatility beyond energy storage. Advances uncovering the intricacies of their biogenesis and the diversity of their physiological and pathological roles have yielded new insights into lipid droplet biology. Despite these insights, the mechanisms governing the biogenesis and functions of lipid droplets remain incompletely understood. Moreover, the causal relationship between the biogenesis and function of lipid droplets and human diseases is poorly resolved. Here, we provide an update on the current understanding of the biogenesis and functions of lipid droplets in health and disease, highlighting a key role for lipid droplet biogenesis in alleviating cellular stresses. We also discuss therapeutic strategies of targeting lipid droplet biogenesis, growth or degradation that could be applied in the future to common diseases, such as cancer, hepatic steatosis and viral infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Armella Zadoorian
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Ximing Du
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Hongyuan Yang
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
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Gupta A, Balakrishnan B, Karki S, Slayton M, Jash S, Banerjee S, Grahn THM, Jambunathan S, Disney S, Hussein H, Kong D, Lowell BB, Natarajan P, Reddy UK, Gokce N, Sharma VM, Puri V. Human CIDEC transgene improves lipid metabolism and protects against high-fat diet-induced glucose intolerance in mice. J Biol Chem 2022; 298:102347. [PMID: 35963433 PMCID: PMC9472082 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.102347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell death–inducing DNA fragmentation factor-like effector C (CIDEC) expression in adipose tissue positively correlates with insulin sensitivity in obese humans. Further, E186X, a single-nucleotide CIDEC variant is associated with lipodystrophy, hypertriglyceridemia, and insulin resistance. To establish the unknown mechanistic link between CIDEC and maintenance of systemic glucose homeostasis, we generated transgenic mouse models expressing CIDEC (Ad-CIDECtg) and CIDEC E186X variant (Ad-CIDECmut) transgene specifically in the adipose tissue. We found that Ad-CIDECtg but not Ad-CIDECmut mice were protected against high-fat diet-induced glucose intolerance. Furthermore, we revealed the role of CIDEC in lipid metabolism using transcriptomics and lipidomics. Serum triglycerides, cholesterol, and low-density lipoproteins were lower in high-fat diet-fed Ad-CIDECtg mice compared to their littermate controls. Mechanistically, we demonstrated that CIDEC regulates the enzymatic activity of adipose triglyceride lipase via interacting with its activator, CGI-58, to reduce free fatty acid release and lipotoxicity. In addition, we confirmed that CIDEC is indeed a vital regulator of lipolysis in adipose tissue of obese humans, and treatment with recombinant CIDEC decreased triglyceride breakdown in visceral human adipose tissue. Our study unravels a central pathway whereby adipocyte-specific CIDEC plays a pivotal role in regulating adipose lipid metabolism and whole-body glucose homeostasis. In summary, our findings identify human CIDEC as a potential ‘drug’ or a ‘druggable’ target to reverse obesity-induced lipotoxicity and glucose intolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Gupta
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Diabetes Institute, Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, OH, USA
| | - Bijinu Balakrishnan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Diabetes Institute, Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, OH, USA
| | - Shakun Karki
- Evans Department of Medicine and Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mark Slayton
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Diabetes Institute, Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, OH, USA
| | - Sukanta Jash
- Alpert Medical school of Brown University, Brown University, RI, USA
| | - Sayani Banerjee
- Alpert Medical school of Brown University, Brown University, RI, USA
| | - Tan Hooi Min Grahn
- Division of Molecular Medicine and Gene Therapy, Lund Stem Cell Center, Lund University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | | | - Sarah Disney
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Diabetes Institute, Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, OH, USA
| | - Hebaallaha Hussein
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Diabetes Institute, Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, OH, USA
| | - Dong Kong
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Bradford B Lowell
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA; Program in Neuroscience, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Umesh K Reddy
- Department of Biology, West Virginia State University, Institute, WV, USA
| | - Noyan Gokce
- Evans Department of Medicine and Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Vishva M Sharma
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Diabetes Institute, Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, OH, USA.
| | - Vishwajeet Puri
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Diabetes Institute, Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, OH, USA.
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Tarabra E, Nouws J, Vash-Margita A, Hellerstein M, Shabanova V, McCollum S, Pierpont† B, Zhao D, Shulman GI, Caprio S. CIDEA expression in SAT from adolescent girls with obesity and unfavorable patterns of abdominal fat distribution. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2021; 29:2068-2080. [PMID: 34672413 PMCID: PMC8612981 DOI: 10.1002/oby.23295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study investigated whether variations in cell death-inducing DNA fragmentation factor alpha subunit-like effector A (CIDEA) mRNA expression and protein levels are modulated by the pattern of abdominal fat distribution in adolescent girls with obesity. METHODS This study recruited 35 adolescent girls with obesity and characterized their abdominal fat distribution by magnetic resonance imaging. Participants had only a periumbilical/abdominal (n = 14) or a paired abdominal and gluteal subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) biopsy (n = 21). CIDEA expression was determined by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, CIDEA protein level by Western blot, and the turnover of adipose lipids and adipocytes by 2 H2 O labeling. In six girls, a second abdominal SAT biopsy was performed (after ~34.2 months) to explore the weight gain effect on CIDEA expression in abdominal SAT. RESULTS CIDEA expression decreased in abdominal SAT from participants with high visceral adipose tissue (VAT)/(VAT+SAT); CIDEA inversely correlated with number of small adipocytes, with the increase in preadipocyte proliferation, and with adipogenesis. A strong inverse correlation was found between CIDEA protein level with the newly synthetized glycerol (r = -0.839, p = 0.0047). Following weight gain, an increase in adipocytes' cell diameter with a decrease in CIDEA expression and RNA-sequencing transcriptomic profile typical of adipocyte dysfunction was observed. CONCLUSIONS Reduced expression of CIDEA in girls with high VAT/(VAT+SAT) is associated with adipocyte hypertrophy and insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Tarabra
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Jessica Nouws
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Alla Vash-Margita
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Marc Hellerstein
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Veronika Shabanova
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Sarah McCollum
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Bridget Pierpont†
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Dejian Zhao
- Yale Center for Genome Analysis, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Gerald I Shulman
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Sonia Caprio
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
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Libowitz MR, Nurmi EL. The Burden of Antipsychotic-Induced Weight Gain and Metabolic Syndrome in Children. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:623681. [PMID: 33776816 PMCID: PMC7994286 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.623681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Antipsychotic medications are critical to child and adolescent psychiatry, from the stabilization of psychotic disorders like schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and psychotic depression to behavioral treatment of autism spectrum disorder, tic disorders, and pediatric aggression. While effective, these medications carry serious risk of adverse events-most commonly, weight gain and cardiometabolic abnormalities. Negative metabolic consequences affect up to 60% of patients and present a major obstacle to long-term treatment. Since antipsychotics are often chronically prescribed beginning in childhood, cardiometabolic risk accumulates. An increased susceptibility to antipsychotic-induced weight gain (AIWG) has been repeatedly documented in children, particularly rapid weight gain. Associated cardiometabolic abnormalities include central obesity, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, and systemic inflammation. Lifestyle interventions and medications such as metformin have been proposed to reduce risk but remain limited in efficacy. Furthermore, antipsychotic medications touted to be weight-neutral in adults can cause substantial weight gain in children. A better understanding of the biological underpinnings of AIWG could inform targeted and potentially more fruitful treatments; however, little is known about the underlying mechanism. As yet, modest genetic studies have nominated a few risk genes that explain only a small percentage of the risk. Recent investigations have begun to explore novel potential mechanisms of AIWG, including a role for gut microbiota and microbial metabolites. This article reviews the problem of AIWG and AP metabolic side effects in pediatric populations, proposed mechanisms underlying this serious side effect, and strategies to mitigate adverse impact. We suggest future directions for research efforts that may advance the field and lead to improved clinical interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Erika L. Nurmi
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
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8
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Maciukiewicz M, Tiwari AK, Zai CC, Gorbovskaya I, Laughlin CP, Nurmi EL, Liebermann JA, Meltzer HY, Kennedy JL, Müller DJ. Genome-wide association study on antipsychotic-induced weight gain in Europeans and African-Americans. Schizophr Res 2019; 212:204-212. [PMID: 31447353 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2019.07.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2018] [Revised: 06/13/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Antipsychotic (AP) medications are the first line of treatment for schizophrenia. However, most conferr a risk of antipsychotic-induced weight gain (AIWG). The objective of this investigation was to conduct a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of AIWG, followed by comprehensive, post-GWAS approaches. METHODS We investigated n = 201 schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder patients of European and African American ancestry who were treated primarily with clozapine or olanzapine. We conducted a genome-wide association analysis for AIWG, defined primarily as a percentage of weight change from baseline. RESULTS When examining Europeans (n = 147), we noticed an association between rs62097526 (β = 0.39, p = 3.59 × 10-6, CADD = 2.213) variant, located downstream of the CIDEA gene, which is considered a risk factor for AIWG. In the entire sample, we observed a significant association between rs1525085 (β = 0.411, p = 3.15 × 10-9) variant of the DGKB gene and AIWG. The association was nominally significant in Europeans (β = 0.271, p = 0.002) and African Americans (β = 0.579, p = 5.73 × 10-5) with the same risk allele. Our top genes (p < 5 × 10-5) were enriched in the GWAS catalog for the risk of obesity and interacted with the known risk factors for obesity (G6PD) and diabetes (IRS1). In addition, these genes are targeted by miRNAs related to schizophrenia (mir-34a) and obesity (mir-19b). However, our polygenic risk score analyses did not provide support for major genetic overlap between obesity and the risk of AIWG. CONCLUSIONS In summary, we propose that the CIDEA and DGKB genes are risk factors for AIWG in transethnic populations. Additionally, our evidence suggests that the G6PD and IRS1 gene-related pathways might be involved in AIWG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malgorzata Maciukiewicz
- Pharmacogenetic Research Clinic, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Arun K Tiwari
- Pharmacogenetic Research Clinic, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Clement C Zai
- Pharmacogenetic Research Clinic, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ilona Gorbovskaya
- Pharmacogenetic Research Clinic, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Christopher P Laughlin
- Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, UCLA Semel Institute for Neuroscience, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Erika L Nurmi
- Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, UCLA Semel Institute for Neuroscience, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Jeffrey A Liebermann
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Physicians & Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Herbert Y Meltzer
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - James L Kennedy
- Pharmacogenetic Research Clinic, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Institute of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Daniel J Müller
- Pharmacogenetic Research Clinic, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Institute of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
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Jash S, Banerjee S, Lee MJ, Farmer SR, Puri V. CIDEA Transcriptionally Regulates UCP1 for Britening and Thermogenesis in Human Fat Cells. iScience 2019; 20:73-89. [PMID: 31563853 PMCID: PMC6817690 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2019.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Revised: 08/02/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Our study identifies a transcriptional role of cell death-inducing DNA fragmentation factor-like effector A (CIDEA), a lipid-droplet-associated protein, whereby it regulates human adipocyte britening/beiging with consequences for the regulation of energy expenditure. The comprehensive transcriptome analysis revealed CIDEA's control over thermogenic function in brite/beige human adipocytes. In the absence of CIDEA, achieved by the modified dual-RNA-based CRISPR-Cas9nD10A system, adipocytes lost their britening capability, which was recovered upon CIDEA re-expression. Uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1), the most upregulated gene in brite human adipocytes, was suppressed in CIDEA knockout (KO) primary human adipocytes. Mechanistically, during induced britening, CIDEA shuttled from lipid droplets to the nucleus via an unusual nuclear bipartite signal in a concentration-dependent manner. In the nucleus, it specifically inhibited LXRα repression of UCP1 enhancer activity and strengthened PPARγ binding to UCP1 enhancer, hence driving UCP1 transcription. Overall, our study defines the role of CIDEA in increasing thermogenesis in human adipocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sukanta Jash
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Diabetes Institute, Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701, USA
| | - Sayani Banerjee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Diabetes Institute, Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701, USA
| | - Mi-Jeong Lee
- Icahn School of Medicine, Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Stephen R Farmer
- Department of Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Vishwajeet Puri
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Diabetes Institute, Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701, USA.
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10
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Carino A, Marchianò S, Biagioli M, Fiorucci C, Zampella A, Monti MC, Morretta E, Bordoni M, Di Giorgio C, Roselli R, Ricci P, Distrutti E, Fiorucci S. Transcriptome Analysis of Dual FXR and GPBAR1 Agonism in Rodent Model of NASH Reveals Modulation of Lipid Droplets Formation. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11051132. [PMID: 31117231 PMCID: PMC6567134 DOI: 10.3390/nu11051132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Revised: 05/10/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a progressive, chronic, liver disease whose prevalence is growing worldwide. Despite several agents being under development for treating NASH, there are no drugs currently approved. The Farnesoid-x-receptor (FXR) and the G-protein coupled bile acid receptor 1 (GPBAR1), two bile acid activated receptors, have been investigated for their potential in treating NASH. Here we report that BAR502, a steroidal dual ligand for FXR/GPBAR1, attenuates development of clinical and liver histopathology features of NASH in mice fed a high fat diet (HFD) and fructose (F). By RNAseq analysis of liver transcriptome we found that BAR502 restores FXR signaling in the liver of mice feed HFD-F, and negatively regulates a cluster of genes including Srebf1 (Srepb1c) and its target genes-fatty acid synthase (Fasn) and Cell death-inducing DFF45-like effector (CIDE) genes, Cidea and Cidec-involved in lipid droplets formation and triglycerides storage in hepatocytes. Additionally, BAR502 increased the intestinal expression of Fgf15 and Glp1 and energy expenditure by white adipose tissues. Finally, exposure to BAR502 reshaped the intestinal microbiota by increasing the amount of Bacteroidaceae. In conclusion, we have shown that dual FXR/GPBAR1 agonism might have utility in treatment of NASH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Carino
- Department of Surgical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Perugia, 06132 Perugia, Italy.
| | - Silvia Marchianò
- Department of Surgical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Perugia, 06132 Perugia, Italy.
| | - Michele Biagioli
- Department of Surgical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Perugia, 06132 Perugia, Italy.
| | - Chiara Fiorucci
- Department of Surgical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Perugia, 06132 Perugia, Italy.
| | - Angela Zampella
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, 80138 Naples, Italy.
| | | | - Elva Morretta
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano, Italy.
| | - Martina Bordoni
- Department of Surgical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Perugia, 06132 Perugia, Italy.
| | - Cristina Di Giorgio
- Department of Surgical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Perugia, 06132 Perugia, Italy.
| | - Rosalinda Roselli
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, 80138 Naples, Italy.
| | - Patrizia Ricci
- Department of Surgical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Perugia, 06132 Perugia, Italy.
| | | | - Stefano Fiorucci
- Department of Surgical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Perugia, 06132 Perugia, Italy.
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11
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Slayton M, Gupta A, Balakrishnan B, Puri V. CIDE Proteins in Human Health and Disease. Cells 2019; 8:cells8030238. [PMID: 30871156 PMCID: PMC6468517 DOI: 10.3390/cells8030238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Revised: 03/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell death-Inducing DNA Fragmentation Factor Alpha (DFFA)-like Effector (CIDE) proteins have emerged as lipid droplet-associated proteins that regulate fat metabolism. There are three members in the CIDE protein family—CIDEA, CIDEB, and CIDEC (also known as fat-specific protein 27 (FSP27)). CIDEA and FSP27 are primarily expressed in adipose tissue, while CIDEB is expressed in the liver. Originally, based upon their homology with DNA fragmentation factors, these proteins were identified as apoptotic proteins. However, recent studies have changed the perception of these proteins, redefining them as regulators of lipid droplet dynamics and fat metabolism, which contribute to a healthy metabolic phenotype in humans. Despite various studies in humans and gene-targeting studies in mice, the physiological roles of CIDE proteins remains elusive. This review will summarize the known physiological role and metabolic pathways regulated by the CIDE proteins in human health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Slayton
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Diabetes Institute, Ohio University Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Athens, OH 45701, USA.
| | - Abhishek Gupta
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Diabetes Institute, Ohio University Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Athens, OH 45701, USA.
| | - Bijinu Balakrishnan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Diabetes Institute, Ohio University Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Athens, OH 45701, USA.
| | - Vishwajeet Puri
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Diabetes Institute, Ohio University Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Athens, OH 45701, USA.
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Xu S, Zhang X, Liu P. Lipid droplet proteins and metabolic diseases. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2018; 1864:1968-1983. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2017.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2017] [Revised: 07/14/2017] [Accepted: 07/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Xu W, Wu L, Yu M, Chen FJ, Arshad M, Xia X, Ren H, Yu J, Xu L, Xu D, Li JZ, Li P, Zhou L. Differential Roles of Cell Death-inducing DNA Fragmentation Factor-α-like Effector (CIDE) Proteins in Promoting Lipid Droplet Fusion and Growth in Subpopulations of Hepatocytes. J Biol Chem 2016; 291:4282-93. [PMID: 26733203 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m115.701094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2015] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Lipid droplets (LDs) are dynamic subcellular organelles whose growth is closely linked to obesity and hepatic steatosis. Cell death-inducing DNA fragmentation factor-α-like effector (CIDE) proteins, including Cidea, Cideb, and Cidec (also called Fsp27), play important roles in lipid metabolism. Cidea and Cidec are LD-associated proteins that promote atypical LD fusion in adipocytes. Here, we find that CIDE proteins are all localized to LD-LD contact sites (LDCSs) and promote lipid transfer, LD fusion, and growth in hepatocytes. We have identified two types of hepatocytes, one with small LDs (small LD-containing hepatocytes, SLHs) and one with large LDs (large LD-containing hepatocytes, LLHs) in the liver. Cideb is localized to LDCSs and promotes lipid exchange and LD fusion in both SLHs and LLHs, whereas Cidea and Cidec are specifically localized to the LDCSs and promote lipid exchange and LD fusion in LLHs. Cideb-deficient SLHs have reduced LD sizes and lower lipid exchange activities. Fasting dramatically induces the expression of Cidea/Cidec and increases the percentage of LLHs in the liver. The majority of the hepatocytes from the liver of obese mice are Cidea/Cidec-positive LLHs. Knocking down Cidea or Cidec significantly reduced lipid storage in the livers of obese animals. Our data reveal that CIDE proteins play differential roles in promoting LD fusion and lipid storage; Cideb promotes lipid storage under normal diet conditions, whereas Cidea and Cidec are responsible for liver steatosis under fasting and obese conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyi Xu
- From the MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics and Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Lizhen Wu
- From the MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics and Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Miao Yu
- From the MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics and Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Feng-Jung Chen
- From the MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics and Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Muhammad Arshad
- the Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, International Islamic University, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
| | - Xiayu Xia
- the Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Hao Ren
- From the MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics and Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jinhai Yu
- From the MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics and Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Li Xu
- the Key Laboratory for Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China, and
| | - Dijin Xu
- From the MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics and Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - John Zhong Li
- the Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Peng Li
- From the MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics and Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China,
| | - Linkang Zhou
- From the MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics and Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China,
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