1
|
Morris AJ, Kim HY, Nield B, Dao A, McMullan B, Alastruey-Izquierdo A, Colombo AL, Heim J, Wahyuningsih R, Le T, Chiller TM, Forastiero A, Chakrabarti A, Harrison TS, Bongomin F, Galas M, Siswanto S, Dagne DA, Roitberg F, Gigante V, Beardsley J, Sati H, Alffenaar JW, Morrissey CO. Talaromyces marneffei, Coccidioides species, and Paracoccidioides species-a systematic review to inform the World Health Organization priority list of fungal pathogens. Med Mycol 2024; 62:myad133. [PMID: 38935909 PMCID: PMC11210613 DOI: 10.1093/mmy/myad133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2024] Open
Abstract
The World Health Organization, in response to the growing burden of fungal disease, established a process to develop a fungal pathogen priority list. This systematic review aimed to evaluate the epidemiology and impact of infections caused by Talaromyces marneffei, Coccidioides species, and Paracoccidioides species. PubMed and Web of Sciences databases were searched to identify studies published between 1 January 2011 and 23 February 2021 reporting on mortality, complications and sequelae, antifungal susceptibility, preventability, annual incidence, and trends. Overall, 25, 17, and 6 articles were included for T. marneffei, Coccidioides spp. and Paracoccidioides spp., respectively. Mortality rates were high in those with invasive talaromycosis and paracoccidioidomycosis (up to 21% and 22.7%, respectively). Hospitalization was frequent in those with coccidioidomycosis (up to 84%), and while the duration was short (mean/median 3-7 days), readmission was common (38%). Reduced susceptibility to fluconazole and echinocandins was observed for T. marneffei and Coccidioides spp., whereas >88% of T. marneffei isolates had minimum inhibitory concentration values ≤0.015 μg/ml for itraconazole, posaconazole, and voriconazole. Risk factors for mortality in those with talaromycosis included low CD4 counts (odds ratio 2.90 when CD4 count <200 cells/μl compared with 24.26 when CD4 count <50 cells/μl). Outbreaks of coccidioidomycosis and paracoccidioidomycosis were associated with construction work (relative risk 4.4-210.6 and 5.7-times increase, respectively). In the United States of America, cases of coccidioidomycosis increased between 2014 and 2017 (from 8232 to 14 364/year). National and global surveillance as well as more detailed studies to better define sequelae, risk factors, outcomes, global distribution, and trends are required.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arthur J Morris
- Department of Microbiology, Auckland City Hospital, Te Toku Tumai, Grafton, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Hannah Yejin Kim
- The University of Sydney, Infectious Diseases Institute (Sydney ID), New South Wales, Australia
- Sydney Pharmacy School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
- Westmead Hospital, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Blake Nield
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - Aiken Dao
- The University of Sydney, Infectious Diseases Institute (Sydney ID), New South Wales, Australia
- Westmead Hospital, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia
- Sydney Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
- Children's Hospital at Westmead, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Brendan McMullan
- School of Clinical Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Sydney Children’s Hospital, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia
- National Centre for Infections in Cancer, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ana Alastruey-Izquierdo
- Mycology Reference Laboratory, National Centre for Microbiology, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | - Arnaldo Lopes Colombo
- Departamento de Medicina, Division of Infectious Diseases, Hospital São Paulo, Escola Paulista de Medicina (EPM), Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jutta Heim
- Global Antibiotics Research and Development Partnership, Drugs for Neglected Diseases Initiative, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Retno Wahyuningsih
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Kristen, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Thuy Le
- Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
- Tropical Medicine Research Center for Talaromycosis, Pham Ngoc Thach University of Medicine, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Tom M Chiller
- Mycotic Diseases Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Agustina Forastiero
- Department of Communicable Diseases Prevention, Control and Elimination, Pan American Health Organization,Washington, DC, USA
| | | | - Thomas S Harrison
- Institute for Infection and Immunity, and Clinical Academic Group in Infection and Immunity, St. George’s, University of London, and St. George’s University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
- MRC Centre for Medical Mycology, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Felix Bongomin
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Gulu University, Gulu, Uganda
| | - Marcelo Galas
- Antimicrobial Resistance Special Program, Communicable Diseases and Environmental Determinants of Health, Pan American Health Organization, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Siswanto Siswanto
- World Health Organization, South-East Asia Region Office, New Delhi, India
| | - Daniel Argaw Dagne
- Department of Control of Neglected Tropical Diseases, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Felipe Roitberg
- Department of Noncommunicable Diseases, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Valeria Gigante
- Impact Initiatives and Research Coordination Unit, Global Coordination Department, Antimicrobial Resistance Division, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Justin Beardsley
- The University of Sydney, Infectious Diseases Institute (Sydney ID), New South Wales, Australia
- Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Hatim Sati
- Impact Initiatives and Research Coordination Unit, Global Coordination Department, Antimicrobial Resistance Division, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Jan-Willem Alffenaar
- The University of Sydney, Infectious Diseases Institute (Sydney ID), New South Wales, Australia
- Sydney Pharmacy School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
- Westmead Hospital, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Catherine Orla Morrissey
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Alfred and Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Tan YP, Tsang CC, Chan KF, Fung SL, Kok KH, Lau SKP, Woo PCY. Differential innate immune responses of human macrophages and bronchial epithelial cells against Talaromyces marneffei. mSphere 2023; 8:e0025822. [PMID: 37695039 PMCID: PMC10597461 DOI: 10.1128/msphere.00258-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Talaromyces marneffei is a thermally dimorphic fungal pathogen endemic in Southeast Asia. As inhalation of airborne conidia is believed as the major infection route, airway epithelial cells followed by pulmonary macrophages are the first cell types which the fungus encounters inside the host. In this study, we established an in vitro infection model based on human peripheral blood-derived macrophages (hPBDMs) cultured with the supplementation of autologous plasma. Using this model, we determined the transcriptomic changes of hPBDMs in response to T. marneffei infection by quantitative real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction as well as high-throughput RNA sequencing. Results showed that T. marneffei infection could activate hPBDMs to the M1-like phenotype and trigger a potent induction of chemokine and pro-inflammatory cytokine production as well as the expression of other immunoregulatory genes. In contrast to hPBDMs, there was no detectable innate cytokine response against T. marneffei in human bronchial epithelial cells (hBECs). Using a green fluorescent protein-tagged T. marneffei strain and confocal microscopy, internalization of the fungus by hBECs was confirmed. Live cell imaging further demonstrated that the infected cells exhibited normal cellular physiology, especially that the process of cell division could be observed. Moreover, T. marneffei also survived better inside hBECs than hPBDMs. Our results illustrated a potential role of hBECs to serve as reservoir cells for T. marneffei to evade immunosurveillance by phagocytes, from which the fungus reactivates when the host immunity is weakened and causes infection. Such immunoevasion and reactivation may also help explain the long incubation period observed for talaromycosis, in particular the travel-related cases. IMPORTANCE Talaromyces marneffei is an important fungal pathogen especially in Southeast Asia. To understand the innate immune response to talaromycosis, a suitable infection model is needed. Here, we established an in vitro T. marneffei infection model using human peripheral blood-derived macrophages (hPBDMs). We then examined the transcriptomic changes of hPBDMs in response to T. marneffei infection with this model. We found that contact with T. marneffei could activate hPBDMs to the M1-like phenotype and induced mRNA expressions of five cytokines and eight immunoregulatory genes. Contrary to hPBDMs, such immunoresponse was not elicited in human bronchial epithelial cells (hBECs), despite normal physiology observed in infected cells. We also found that infected hBECs did not eliminate T. marneffei as efficiently as hPBDMs. Our observation suggested that hBECs may potentially serve as reservoir cells for T. marneffei to evade immunosurveillance. When the host immunity deteriorates later, then the fungus reactivates and causes infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yen-Pei Tan
- Department of Microbiology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chi-Ching Tsang
- Department of Microbiology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong, China
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Tung Wah College, Homantin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ka-Fai Chan
- Department of Microbiology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Siu-Leung Fung
- Tuberculosis and Chest Medicine Unit, Grantham Hospital, Aberdeen, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kin-Hang Kok
- Department of Microbiology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Susanna K. P. Lau
- Department of Microbiology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Patrick C. Y. Woo
- Department of Microbiology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong, China
- Doctoral Program in Translational Medicine and Department of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
- The iEGG and Animal Biotechnology Research Center, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Li S, Yang X, Moog C, Wu H, Su B, Zhang T. Neglected mycobiome in HIV infection: Alterations, common fungal diseases and antifungal immunity. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1015775. [PMID: 36439143 PMCID: PMC9684632 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1015775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 09/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection might have effects on both the human bacteriome and mycobiome. Although many studies have focused on alteration of the bacteriome in HIV infection, only a handful of studies have also characterized the composition of the mycobiome in HIV-infected individuals. Studies have shown that compromised immunity in HIV infection might contribute to the development of opportunistic fungal infections. Despite effective antiretroviral therapy (ART), opportunistic fungal infections continue to be a major cause of HIV-related mortality. Human immune responses are known to play a critical role in controlling fungal infections. However, the effect of HIV infection on innate and adaptive antifungal immunity remains unclear. Here, we review recent advances in understanding of the fungal microbiota composition and common fungal diseases in the setting of HIV. Moreover, we discuss innate and adaptive antifungal immunity in HIV infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory for HIV/AIDS Research, Clinical and Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Sino-French Joint Laboratory for Research on Humoral Immune Response to HIV Infection, Clinical and Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaodong Yang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for HIV/AIDS Research, Clinical and Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Sino-French Joint Laboratory for Research on Humoral Immune Response to HIV Infection, Clinical and Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Christiane Moog
- Laboratoire d’ImmunoRhumatologie Moléculaire, Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale (INSERM) UMR_S 1109, Institut thématique interdisciplinaire (ITI) de Médecine de Précision de Strasbourg, Transplantex NG, Faculté de Médecine, Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire OMICARE, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
- Vaccine Research Institute (VRI), Créteil, France
| | - Hao Wu
- Beijing Key Laboratory for HIV/AIDS Research, Clinical and Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Sino-French Joint Laboratory for Research on Humoral Immune Response to HIV Infection, Clinical and Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Bin Su
- Beijing Key Laboratory for HIV/AIDS Research, Clinical and Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Sino-French Joint Laboratory for Research on Humoral Immune Response to HIV Infection, Clinical and Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Tong Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for HIV/AIDS Research, Clinical and Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Sino-French Joint Laboratory for Research on Humoral Immune Response to HIV Infection, Clinical and Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Talaromyces marneffei Infection: Virulence, Intracellular Lifestyle and Host Defense Mechanisms. J Fungi (Basel) 2022; 8:jof8020200. [PMID: 35205954 PMCID: PMC8880324 DOI: 10.3390/jof8020200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Talaromycosis (Penicilliosis) is an opportunistic mycosis caused by the thermally dimorphic fungus Talaromyces (Penicillium) marneffei. Similar to other major causes of systemic mycoses, the extent of disease and outcomes are the results of complex interactions between this opportunistic human pathogen and a host’s immune response. This review will highlight the current knowledge regarding the dynamic interaction between T. marneffei and mammalian hosts, particularly highlighting important aspects of virulence factors, intracellular lifestyle and the mechanisms of immune defense as well as the strategies of the pathogen for manipulating and evading host immune cells.
Collapse
|
5
|
Huang H, Deng J, Qin C, Zhou J, Duan M. Disseminated Coinfection by Mycobacterium fortuitum and Talaromyces marneffei in a Non-HIV Case. Infect Drug Resist 2021; 14:3619-3625. [PMID: 34526784 PMCID: PMC8435476 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s316881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Mycobacterium fortuitum is a rapidly growing non-tuberculous mycobacterium (NTM) with weak pathogenicity. Here, we present a rare case of disseminated M. fortuitum and Talaromyces marneffei coinfection in a human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) negative patient. Case Presentation A 28-year-old female was admitted to our hospital due to 2 months of swelling of lymph nodes on the right side of her cervix, accompanied by repeated low fever for more than 1 month. Biopsy of the right cervical lymph node and endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial fine needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) both suggested granulomatous inflammation. The bacterial culture and mycobacteria examination of the lesion as well as HIV antibody test were all negative. Disseminated T. marneffei infection was diagnosed by the quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) results from the blood showing 1798 copies/ul. In the meantime, treatment with amphotericin B combined with cefoxitin was administered for suspected NTM infection. However, the once-dropped fever recurred and the lymph nodes continued to swell. Metagenomics next-generation sequencing (mNGS) detection of the lymph nodes indicated M. fortuitum. After combination treatment with amphotericin B, voriconazole, linazolamide, and imipenem, the patient's body temperature returned to normal, the lymph node swelling was gradually reduced, and the lung lesion was absorbed. Conclusion We report the first case of an HIV-negative patient diagnosed with disseminated M. fortuitum and T. marneffei coinfection with nonspecific clinical manifestation, in order to heighten awareness of these infections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongchun Huang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Guangxi Autonomous Regional Jiangbin Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingmin Deng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, People's Republic of China
| | - Caixia Qin
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Guangxi Autonomous Regional Jiangbin Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianpeng Zhou
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First People's Hospital of Nanning, Nanning, Guangxi, 530022, People's Republic of China
| | - Minchao Duan
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Guangxi Medical University Wuming Affiliated Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi, 530199, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Li Y, Wei W, An S, Jiang J, He J, Zhang H, Wang G, Han J, Liang B, Ye L, Liang H. Identification and analysis of lncRNA, microRNA and mRNA expression profiles and construction of ceRNA network in Talaromyces marneffei-infected THP-1 macrophage. PeerJ 2021; 9:e10529. [PMID: 33520437 PMCID: PMC7811284 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.10529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) reveals new mechanisms for interactions between RNAs, which have been considered to play a significant role in pathogen-host innate immune response. However, knowledge of ceRNA regulatory networks in Talaromyces marneffei (TM)-macrophages is still limited. Methods Next-generation sequencing technology (NGS) was used to obtain mRNA, miRNA and lncRNA expression profiles in TM-infected macrophages. The R package DESeq2 was used to identify differentially expressed lncRNA, miRNA and mRNA. The R package GOseq was used for Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis, and the ceRNA network of lncRNA–miRNA–mRNA interaction was constructed in Cytoscape. Similarly, functional enrichment analysis on mRNA in the ceRNA network. Finally, two mRNAs and four lncRNAs in the ceRNA network were randomly selected to verify the expression using qRT-PCR. Results In total, 119 lncRNAs, 28 miRNAs and 208 mRNAs were identified as differentially expressed RNAs in TM-infected macrophages. The constructed ceRNA network contains 38 lncRNAs, 10 miRNAs and 45 mRNAs. GO and KEGG analysis of mRNA in the ceRNA network indicated that activated pathways in TM-infected macrophages were related to immunity, inflammation and metabolism. The quantitative validation of the expression of four randomly selected differentially expressed lncRNAs, AC006252.1, AC090197.1, IL6R-AS1, LINC02009 and two mRNAs, CSF1, NR4A3 showed that the expression levels were consistent with those in the RNA-sequencing. Conclusions The ceRNA network related to immunity, inflammation and metabolism plays an important role in TM-macrophage interaction. This study may provide effective and novel insights for further understanding the underlying mechanism of TM infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yueqi Li
- Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomedicine & Guangxi-ASEAN Collaborative Innovation Center for Major Disease Prevention and Treatment, Life Science Institute, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Wudi Wei
- Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomedicine & Guangxi-ASEAN Collaborative Innovation Center for Major Disease Prevention and Treatment, Life Science Institute, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China.,Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Sanqi An
- Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomedicine & Guangxi-ASEAN Collaborative Innovation Center for Major Disease Prevention and Treatment, Life Science Institute, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China.,Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Junjun Jiang
- Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomedicine & Guangxi-ASEAN Collaborative Innovation Center for Major Disease Prevention and Treatment, Life Science Institute, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China.,Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Jinhao He
- Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomedicine & Guangxi-ASEAN Collaborative Innovation Center for Major Disease Prevention and Treatment, Life Science Institute, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomedicine & Guangxi-ASEAN Collaborative Innovation Center for Major Disease Prevention and Treatment, Life Science Institute, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Gang Wang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Jing Han
- Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomedicine & Guangxi-ASEAN Collaborative Innovation Center for Major Disease Prevention and Treatment, Life Science Institute, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Bingyu Liang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Li Ye
- Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomedicine & Guangxi-ASEAN Collaborative Innovation Center for Major Disease Prevention and Treatment, Life Science Institute, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China.,Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Hao Liang
- Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomedicine & Guangxi-ASEAN Collaborative Innovation Center for Major Disease Prevention and Treatment, Life Science Institute, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China.,Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Zhang L, Yu C, Ge Z, Tao H, Meng F, Xu X, Tian T, Song C, Hu Z, Li J, Zhu F. Whole exome sequencing reveals the different responsiveness to Enterovirus 71 vaccination in Chinese children. Int J Infect Dis 2020; 97:47-53. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2020.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
|
8
|
Hu Y, Lu S, Xi L. Murine Macrophage Requires CD11b to Recognize Talaromyces marneffei. Infect Drug Resist 2020; 13:911-920. [PMID: 32273736 PMCID: PMC7108879 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s237401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Talaromyces marneffei (T. marneffei) is an emerging pathogenic fungus. Macrophage-1 antigen (Mac-1, CR3, CD11b/CD18) is an important receptor on innate immune cells and can recognize pathogens. However, the importance of CR3 in phagocytosis of T. marneffei by macrophages and their responses to T. marneffei have not been clarified. Methods We show that interaction of mouse peritoneal macrophages (pMacs) or RAW264.7 macrophages with T. marneffei of its conidia spores and yeast cells enhances CR3 expression on macrophages. The phagocytosis rate was determined using flow cytometry, RT-PCR and Western blotting were used to detect CD11b expression, and the levels of IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6 and IL-10 in the co-culture supernatants were determined by ELISA. Results Incubation of mouse macrophages with T. marneffei promoted phagocytosis of T. marneffei, which was dramatically mitigated by pretreatment with anti-CD11b antibody or knockdown of CR3 expression on macrophages. Then, interferon γ, tumor necrosis factor α, IL-4, IL-10 and IL-12 production in macrophages incubation with heat-killed T. marneffei was detected. CD11b expression on mouse macrophages was upregulated by T. marneffei. Incubation of T. marneffei promoted phagocytosis of T. marneffei by macrophages and high levels of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokine production by macrophages, which were mitigated and abrogated by pre-treatment with anti-CD11b or knockdown of CD11b expression. Conclusion These data indicated that murine macrophage requires CD11b to recognize Talaromyces marneffei and their cytokine responses to heat-killed T. marneffei in vitro.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yongxuan Hu
- Department of Dermatology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.,Department of Dermatology and Venereology, The 3rd Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degeneration Diseases, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Sha Lu
- Department of Dermatology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Liyan Xi
- Department of Dermatology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.,Dermatology Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.,Department of Dermatology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital of South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Talaromycosis (Penicilliosis) Due to Talaromyces (Penicillium) marneffei: Insights into the Clinical Trends of a Major Fungal Disease 60 Years After the Discovery of the Pathogen. Mycopathologia 2019; 184:709-720. [DOI: 10.1007/s11046-019-00410-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
10
|
Tsang CC, Lau SKP, Woo PCY. Sixty Years from Segretain’s Description: What Have We Learned and Should Learn About the Basic Mycology of Talaromyces marneffei? Mycopathologia 2019; 184:721-729. [DOI: 10.1007/s11046-019-00395-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
|
11
|
Lu S, Li D, Xi L, Calderone R. Interplay of interferon-gamma and macrophage polarization during Talaromyces marneffei infection. Microb Pathog 2019; 134:103594. [PMID: 31199985 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2019.103594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2019] [Revised: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 06/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Talaromyces marneffei is an increasingly destructive dimorphic fungal pathogen in clinical settings that can cause lethal Talaromycosis. The activation of macrophages is known to be important for host defenses against T. marneffei, and these macrophages are known to be activated in two ways (polarization), known as M1 and M2. We investigated the plasticity of these polarizations, in order to understand if cross-conversion of macrophages may be possible even after they have been programmed. We conducted in vitro experiments using a murine macrophage cell line to investigate the ability of T. marneffei to activate these polarizations. The pre-polarized (M0) macrophage subsets were challenged with LPS as a control, and the sets of M1 markers (iNOS and CD86) and M2 markers (Arg-1 and CD206) were assessed for a possible cross-conversion among M1, M2 and M0 (unstimulated) populations. We found that either conidia or yeast forms of T. marneffei initiate the repression of Arg-1 in M2 cells with no change in the M1 subtype marker molecule iNOS. However, an additional IFN-γ stimulus caused the three macrophage groups to fully exhibit an LPS-induced M2 suppression and a shift to M1 from M0 and M2. We conclude that the conversion of macrophages is required for maintenance of sufficient iNOS production against this organism in the host. The cytokine environment is the key factor that manipulates the plasticity changes among macrophage subtypes. Furthermore, IFN-γ is a crucial host defense factor against pathogenic T. marneffei that has significant therapeutic potential to promote an M1 polarization phenotype.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sha Lu
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Dongmei Li
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Liyan Xi
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Richard Calderone
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Overton NLD, Brakhage AA, Thywißen A, Denning DW, Bowyer P. Mutations in EEA1 are associated with allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis and affect phagocytosis of Aspergillus fumigatus by human macrophages. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0185706. [PMID: 29547649 PMCID: PMC5856258 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0185706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2017] [Accepted: 09/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA) in asthma is a severe, life-affecting disease that potentially affects over 4.8 million people globally. In the UK, ABPA is predominantly caused by the fungus Aspergillus fumigatus. Phagocytosis is important in clearance of this fungus, and Early Endosome Antigen 1 (EEA1) has been demonstrated to be involved in phagocytosis of fungi. We sought to investigate the role of EEA1 mutations and phagocytosis in ABPA. We used exome sequencing to identify variants in EEA1 associated with ABPA. We then cultured monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs) from 17 ABPA subjects with A. fumigatus conidia, and analyzed phagocytosis and phagolysosome acidification in relation to the presence of these variants. We found that variants in EEA1 were associated with ABPA and with the rate of phagocytosis of A. fumigatus conidia and the acidification of phagolysosomes. MDMs from ABPA subjects carrying the disease associated genotype showed increased acidification and phagocytosis compared to those from ABPA subjects carrying the non-associated genotypes or healthy controls.The identification of ABPA-associated variants in EEA that have functional effects on MDM phagocytosis and phagolysosome acidification of A. fumigatus conidia revolutionizes our understanding of susceptibility to this disease, which may in future benefit patients by earlier identification or improved treatments. We suggest that the increased phagocytosis and acidification observed demonstrates an over-active MDM profile in these patients, resulting in an exaggerated cellular response to the presence of A. fumigatus in the airways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicola L. D. Overton
- Manchester Fungal Infection Group (MFIG), Division of Infection, Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Axel A. Brakhage
- Department of Molecular and Applied Microbiology, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology (HKI), Jena, Germany
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Institute of Microbiology, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany
| | - Andreas Thywißen
- Department of Molecular and Applied Microbiology, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology (HKI), Jena, Germany
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Institute of Microbiology, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany
| | - David W. Denning
- Manchester Fungal Infection Group (MFIG), Division of Infection, Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom
- The National Aspergillosis Centre, University Hospital of South Manchester NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Paul Bowyer
- Manchester Fungal Infection Group (MFIG), Division of Infection, Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Darma S, Saleh YD, Wibawa T. Lung Talaromyces marneffei infection in an Indonesian papillary thyroid carcinoma patient. SAGE Open Med Case Rep 2017; 5:2050313X17744918. [PMID: 29242744 PMCID: PMC5724640 DOI: 10.1177/2050313x17744918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2017] [Accepted: 11/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Talaromycosis, a disseminated and progressive infection caused by Talaromyces marneffei, is highly endemic in the tropical region of Asia. However, accumulated data show very low incidence in Indonesia. Here, we report a case of papillary thyroid carcinoma with pulmonary T. marneffei infection. Screening of T. marneffei in this immunocompromised Indonesian patient is recommended even though the reported incidence of this particular fungal infection in Indonesia is low.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Surya Darma
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | | | - Tri Wibawa
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Dai X, Mao C, Lan X, Chen H, Li M, Bai J, Deng J, Liang Q, Zhang J, Zhong X, Liang Y, Fan J, Luo H, He Z. Acute Penicillium marneffei infection stimulates host M1/M2a macrophages polarization in BALB/C mice. BMC Microbiol 2017; 17:177. [PMID: 28821221 PMCID: PMC5563047 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-017-1086-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2017] [Accepted: 08/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Penicillium marneffei (P. marneffei) is a thermally dimorphic fungus pathogen that causes fatal infection. Alveolar macrophages are innate immune cells that have critical roles in protection against pulmonary fungal pathogens and the macrophage polarization state has the potential to be a deciding factor in disease progression or resolution. The aim of this study was to investigate mouse alveolar macrophage polarization states during P. marneffei infection. Results We used enzyme-linked immunosorbent (ELISA) assays, quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR), and Griess, arginase activity to evaluate the phenotypic markers of alveolar macrophages from BALB/C mice infected with P. marneffei. We then treated alveolar macrophages from infected mice with P. marneffei cytoplasmic yeast antigen (CYA) and investigated alveolar macrophage phenotypic markers in order to identify macrophage polarization in response to P. marneffei antigens. Our results showed: i) P. marneffei infection significantly enhanced the expression of classically activated macrophage (M1)-phenotypic markers (inducible nitric oxide synthase [iNOS] mRNA, nitric oxide [NO], interleukin-12 [IL-12], tumor necrosis factor-alpha [TNF-α]) and alternatively activated macrophage (M2a)-phenotypic markers (arginase1 [Arg1] mRNA, urea) during the second week post-infection. This significantly decreased during the fourth week post-infection. ii) During P. marneffei infection, CYA stimulation also significantly enhanced the expression of M1 and M2a-phenotypic markers, consistent with the results for P. marneffei infection and CYA stimulation preferentially induced M1 subtype. Conclusions The data from the current study demonstrated that alveolar macrophage M1/M2a subtypes were present in host defense against acute P. marneffei infection and that CYA could mimic P. marneffei to induce a host immune response with enhanced M1 subtype. This could be useful for investigating the enhancement of host anti-P. marneffei immune responses and to provide novel ideas for prevention of P. marneffei-infection. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12866-017-1086-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoying Dai
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, China
| | - Congzheng Mao
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, China
| | - Xiuwan Lan
- Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Preclinical Medicine Research, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, China
| | - Huan Chen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, China
| | - Meihua Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, China
| | - Jing Bai
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, China
| | - Jingmin Deng
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, China
| | - Qiuli Liang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, China
| | - Jianquan Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, China
| | - Xiaoning Zhong
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, China
| | - Yi Liang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, China
| | - Jiangtao Fan
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, China
| | - Honglin Luo
- Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, China.
| | - Zhiyi He
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, China.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Adaptation to macrophage killing by Talaromyces marneffei. Future Sci OA 2017; 3:FSO215. [PMID: 28884011 PMCID: PMC5583664 DOI: 10.4155/fsoa-2017-0032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2016] [Accepted: 05/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Talaromyces (Penicillium) marneffei is an important opportunistic fungal pathogen. It causes disseminated infection in immunocompromised patients especially in Southeast Asian countries. The pathogenicity of T. marneffei depends on the ability of the fungus to survive the killing process and replicate inside the macrophage. Major stresses inside the phagosome of macrophages are heat, oxidative substances and nutrient deprivation. The coping strategies of this pathogen with these stresses are under investigation. This paper summarizes factors relating to the stress responses that contribute to the intracellular survival of T. marneffei. These include molecules in the MAP signal transduction cascade, heat shock proteins, antioxidant enzymes and enzymes responsible in nutrient retrieval. There is speculation that the ability of T. marneffei to withstand these defenses plays an important role in its pathogenicity. Talaromyces marneffei is an important dimorphic fungus that causes disease in immunocompromised patients. The pathogenicity of T. marneffei depends on the ability of the fungus to survive the killing process and replicate inside the host macrophage cells. This paper summarizes factors relating to the stress responses that contribute to the intracellular survival of T. marneffei. There is speculation that the ability of T. marneffei to withstand these defenses plays an important role in its pathogenicity.
Collapse
|
16
|
Chen S, Ren H, Mei Z, Zhuo H, Yang H, Ge Z. Exploring the Biocompatibility of Zwitterionic Copolymers for Controlling Macrophage Phagocytosis of Bacteria. Macromol Biosci 2016; 16:1714-1722. [DOI: 10.1002/mabi.201600306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 08/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shaojun Chen
- Guangdong Research Center for Interfacial Engineering of Functional Materials; Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology; Nanshan District Key Lab for Biopolymers and Safety Evaluation; College of Materials Science and Engineering; Shenzhen University; Shenzhen 518060 China
| | - Huanhuan Ren
- Guangdong Research Center for Interfacial Engineering of Functional Materials; Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology; Nanshan District Key Lab for Biopolymers and Safety Evaluation; College of Materials Science and Engineering; Shenzhen University; Shenzhen 518060 China
| | - Zhankui Mei
- Guangdong Research Center for Interfacial Engineering of Functional Materials; Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology; Nanshan District Key Lab for Biopolymers and Safety Evaluation; College of Materials Science and Engineering; Shenzhen University; Shenzhen 518060 China
| | - Haitao Zhuo
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering; Shenzhen University; Shenzhen 518060 China
| | - Haipeng Yang
- Guangdong Research Center for Interfacial Engineering of Functional Materials; Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology; Nanshan District Key Lab for Biopolymers and Safety Evaluation; College of Materials Science and Engineering; Shenzhen University; Shenzhen 518060 China
| | - Zaochuan Ge
- Guangdong Research Center for Interfacial Engineering of Functional Materials; Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology; Nanshan District Key Lab for Biopolymers and Safety Evaluation; College of Materials Science and Engineering; Shenzhen University; Shenzhen 518060 China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Liu Y, Huang X, Yi X, He Y, Mylonakis E, Xi L. Detection of Talaromyces marneffei from Fresh Tissue of an Inhalational Murine Pulmonary Model Using Nested PCR. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0149634. [PMID: 26886887 PMCID: PMC4757548 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0149634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2015] [Accepted: 02/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Penicilliosis marneffei, often consecutive to the aspiration of Talaromyces marneffei (Penicillium marneffei), continues to be one of the significant causes of morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised patients in endemic regions such as Southeast Asia. Improving the accuracy of diagnosing this disease would aid in reducing the mortality of associated infections. In this study, we developed a stable and reproducible murine pulmonary model that mimics human penicilliosis marneffei using a nebulizer to deliver Talaromyces marneffei (SUMS0152) conidia to the lungs of BALB/c nude mice housed in exposure chamber. Using this model, we further revealed that nested PCR was sensitive and specific for detecting Talaromyces marneffei in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and fresh tissues. This inhalation model may provide a more representative analysis tool for studying the development of penicilliosis marneffei, in addition to revealing that nested PCR has a predictive value in reflecting pulmonary infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yinghui Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaowen Huang
- Department of Dermatology, General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Command of PLA, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiuwen Yi
- Department of Dermatology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ya He
- Department of Dermatology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Eleftherios Mylonakis
- Division of Infectious Disease, Rhode Island Hospital, Waren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, United States of America
| | - Liyan Xi
- Department of Dermatology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
The in vitro fungicidal activity of human macrophages against Penicillium marneffei is suppressed by dexamethasone. Microb Pathog 2015; 86:26-31. [PMID: 26145314 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2015.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2015] [Revised: 06/03/2015] [Accepted: 07/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Penicillium marneffei (P. marneffei) is a pathogenic fungus that can persist in macrophages and cause a life-threatening systemic mycosis in immunocompromised hosts. To elucidate the mechanisms underlying this opportunistic fungal infection, we established the co-culture system of P. marneffei conidia and human monocyte-derived macrophages (MDM) for investigating the interactions between them. And, we impaired the immune state of MDM by the addition of dexamethasone (DEX). Compared with immunocompetent MDM without DEX treatment in response to P. marneffei, DEX could damage MDM function in initiating the innate immune response through decreasing TNF-α production and the proportion of P. marneffei conidia in mature phagolysosomes, while the red pigment secretion by P. marneffei conidia was promoted by DEX following MDM lysis. Our data provide the evidence that DEX-treated MDM have a low fungicidal activity against P. marneffei that causes penicilliosis in immunocompromised hosts.
Collapse
|
19
|
Galleria mellonella Larvae as an Infection Model for Penicillium marneffei. Mycopathologia 2015; 180:159-64. [PMID: 26003722 DOI: 10.1007/s11046-015-9897-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2014] [Accepted: 05/02/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Penicillium marneffei, the only known dimorphic and pathogenic species in the genus of Penicillium, is responsible for severe to deadly infection in immunocompromised patients. In this study, P. marneffei was able to infect the greater wax moth Galleria mellonella. The increasing inoculum doses of P. marneffei cells resulted in greater larval mortality, and the larval mortality rate also depended on the incubation temperature after P. marneffei infection and different P. marneffei strains. Moreover, the phagocytosis of hemocytes to P. marneffei was investigated, and it showed that the phagocytosis was increasing during the infection. These results demonstrated that G. mellonella can be effectively used to facilitate the in vivo study of P. marneffei infection and hemocytes are the key component of the larvae's immune defenses.
Collapse
|
20
|
Chen R, Li X, Lu S, Ma T, Huang X, Mylonakis E, Liang Y, Xi L. Role of extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2 and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways in regulating replication of Penicillium marneffei in human macrophages. Microbes Infect 2014; 16:401-8. [PMID: 24583279 DOI: 10.1016/j.micinf.2014.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2013] [Revised: 02/11/2014] [Accepted: 02/14/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Penicillium marneffei (P. marneffei) is a human pathogen which persists in macrophages and threatens the immunocompromised patients. To elucidate the mechanisms involved, we investigated the role of extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2 (ERK1/2) and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38) pathways in cytokine expression, phagosome-lysosome fusion and replication of P. marneffei in P. marneffei-infected human macrophages. Analysis of both ERK1/2 and p38 showed rapid phosphorylation in response to P. marneffei. Using specific inhibitors of p38 (SB203580) and MAP kinase kinase-1 (PD98059), we found that ERK1/2 and p38 were essential for P. marneffei-induced tumor necrosis factor-α production, whereas p38, but not that of ERK, was essential for IL-10 production. Furthermore, the presence of PD98059 always decreased phagosomal acidification and maturation and increased intracellular multiplication of P. marneffei, whereas the use of SB203580 always increased phagosomal acidification and maturation and decreased intracellular replication. These data suggest that a proper balance of between ERK1/2 and p38 may play an important role in controlling the replication of P. marneffei. Our findings further indicate a novel therapeutic avenue for treating P. marneffei by stimulating ERK1/2 or activating ERK1/2-dependent mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Renqiong Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, 107 West Yanjiang Road, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Xiqing Li
- Department of Dermatology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, 107 West Yanjiang Road, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Sha Lu
- Department of Dermatology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, 107 West Yanjiang Road, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Tuan Ma
- Department of Dermatology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, 107 West Yanjiang Road, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Xiaowen Huang
- Department of Dermatology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, 107 West Yanjiang Road, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Eleftherios Mylonakis
- Infectious Disease Division, Alpert Medical School and Brown University, Rhode Island Hospital, RI, USA
| | - Yuheng Liang
- Department of Dermatology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, 107 West Yanjiang Road, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Liyan Xi
- Department of Dermatology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, 107 West Yanjiang Road, Guangzhou 510120, China.
| |
Collapse
|