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Kodavati M, Maloji Rao VH, Provasek VE, Hegde ML. Regulation of DNA damage response by RNA/DNA-binding proteins: Implications for neurological disorders and aging. Ageing Res Rev 2024; 100:102413. [PMID: 39032612 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2024.102413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) are evolutionarily conserved across most forms of life, with an estimated 1500 RBPs in humans. Traditionally associated with post-transcriptional gene regulation, RBPs contribute to nearly every known aspect of RNA biology, including RNA splicing, transport, and decay. In recent years, an increasing subset of RBPs have been recognized for their DNA binding properties and involvement in DNA transactions. We refer to these RBPs with well-characterized DNA binding activity as RNA/DNA binding proteins (RDBPs), many of which are linked to neurological diseases. RDBPs are associated with both nuclear and mitochondrial DNA repair. Furthermore, the presence of intrinsically disordered domains in RDBPs appears to be critical for regulating their diverse interactions and plays a key role in controlling protein aggregation, which is implicated in neurodegeneration. In this review, we discuss the emerging roles of common RDBPs from the heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein (hnRNP) family, such as TAR DNA binding protein-43 (TDP43) and fused in sarcoma (FUS) in controlling DNA damage response (DDR). We also explore the implications of RDBP pathology in aging and neurodegenerative diseases and provide a prospective on the therapeutic potential of targeting RDBP pathology mediated DDR defects for motor neuron diseases and aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manohar Kodavati
- Department of Neurosurgery, Center for Neuroregeneration, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77047, USA.
| | - Vikas H Maloji Rao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Center for Neuroregeneration, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77047, USA
| | - Vincent E Provasek
- Department of Neurosurgery, Center for Neuroregeneration, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77047, USA; School of Medicine, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Muralidhar L Hegde
- Department of Neurosurgery, Center for Neuroregeneration, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77047, USA; School of Medicine, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Weill Medical College, New York, NY 10065, USA.
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2
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Li F, Wu C, Wang G. Targeting NAD Metabolism for the Therapy of Age-Related Neurodegenerative Diseases. Neurosci Bull 2024; 40:218-240. [PMID: 37253984 PMCID: PMC10838897 DOI: 10.1007/s12264-023-01072-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023] Open
Abstract
As the aging population continues to grow rapidly, age-related diseases are becoming an increasing burden on the healthcare system and a major concern for the well-being of elderly individuals. While aging is an inevitable process for all humans, it can be slowed down and age-related diseases can be treated or alleviated. Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) is a critical coenzyme or cofactor that plays a central role in metabolism and is involved in various cellular processes including the maintenance of metabolic homeostasis, post-translational protein modifications, DNA repair, and immune responses. As individuals age, their NAD levels decline, and this decrease has been suggested to be a contributing factor to the development of numerous age-related diseases, such as cancer, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and neurodegenerative diseases. In pursuit of healthy aging, researchers have investigated approaches to boost or maintain NAD levels. Here, we provide an overview of NAD metabolism and the role of NAD in age-related diseases and summarize recent progress in the development of strategies that target NAD metabolism for the treatment of age-related diseases, particularly neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feifei Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Chou Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
- Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Gelin Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
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3
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Meng J, Zhang J, Fang J, Li M, Ding H, Zhang W, Chen C. Dynamic inflammatory changes of the neurovascular units after ischemic stroke. Brain Res Bull 2022; 190:140-151. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2022.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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4
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Huang SS, Su HH, Chien SY, Chung HY, Luo ST, Chu YT, Wang YH, MacDonald IJ, Lee HH, Chen YH. Activation of peripheral TRPM8 mitigates ischemic stroke by topically applied menthol. J Neuroinflammation 2022; 19:192. [PMID: 35897101 PMCID: PMC9327358 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-022-02553-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background No reports exist as to neuroprotective effects associated with topical activation of transient receptor potential melastatin 8 (TRPM8), a noted cold receptor. In the present study, we identified whether activating peripheral TRPM8 can be an adjuvant therapy for ischemic stroke.
Methods Menthol, an agonist of TRPM8, was applied orally or topically to all paws or back of the mouse after middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). We used Trpm8 gene knockout (Trpm8−/−) mice or TRPM8 antagonist and lidocaine to validate the roles of TRPM8 and peripheral nerve conduction in menthol against ischemic stroke. Results Application of menthol 16% to paw derma attenuated infarct volumes and ameliorated sensorimotor deficits in stroke mice induced by MCAO. The benefits of topically applied menthol were associated with reductions in oxidative stress, neuroinflammation and infiltration of monocytes and macrophages in ischemic brains. Antagonizing TRPM8 or Trpm8 knockout dulls the neuroprotective effects of topically application of menthol against MCAO. Immunohistochemistry analyses revealed significantly higher TRPM8 expression in skin tissue samples obtained from the paws compared with skin from the backs, which was reflected by significantly smaller infarct lesion volumes and better sensorimotor function in mice treated with menthol on the paws compared with the back. Blocking conduction of peripheral nerve in the four paws reversed the neuroprotective effects of topical menthol administrated to paws. On the other hand, oral menthol dosing did not assist with recovery from MCAO in our study. Conclusion Our results suggested that activation of peripheral TRPM8 expressed in the derma tissue of limbs with sufficient concentration of menthol is beneficial to stroke recovery. Topical application of menthol on hands and feet could be a novel and simple-to-use therapeutic strategy for stroke patients. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12974-022-02553-4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiang-Suo Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, 40201, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, 40201, Taiwan.,Department of Pharmacy, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, 40201, Taiwan
| | - Hsing-Hui Su
- Department of Pharmacology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, 40201, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Acupuncture Science, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan
| | - Szu-Yu Chien
- Graduate Institute of Acupuncture Science, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Yi Chung
- Graduate Institute of Acupuncture Science, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan
| | - Sih-Ting Luo
- Graduate Institute of Acupuncture Science, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ting Chu
- Graduate Institute of Acupuncture Science, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hsin Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, 40201, Taiwan
| | - Iona J MacDonald
- Graduate Institute of Acupuncture Science, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan
| | - Hsun-Hua Lee
- Department of Neurology, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, 23561, Taiwan. .,Dizziness and Balance Disorder Center, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, 23561, Taiwan. .,Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan. .,Department of Neurology, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan.
| | - Yi-Hung Chen
- Graduate Institute of Acupuncture Science, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan. .,Chinese Medicine Research Center, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan. .,Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, Asia University, Wufeng, Taichung, 41354, Taiwan.
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5
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Yingze Y, Zhihong J, Tong J, Yina L, Zhi Z, Xu Z, Xiaoxing X, Lijuan G. NOX2-mediated reactive oxygen species are double-edged swords in focal cerebral ischemia in mice. J Neuroinflammation 2022; 19:184. [PMID: 35836200 PMCID: PMC9281066 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-022-02551-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Reactive oxygen species (ROS) often promote acute brain injury after stroke, but their roles in the recovery phase have not been well studied. We tested the hypothesis that ROS activity mediated by NADPH oxidase 2 (NOX2) contributes to acute brain injury but promotes functional recovery during the delayed phase, which is linked with neuroinflammation, autophagy, angiogenesis, and the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. METHODS We used the NOX2 inhibitor apocynin to study the role of NOX2 in brain injury and functional recovery in a middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) stroke mouse model. Infarct size, neurological deficits and behavior were evaluated on days 3, 7, 10 and 14 after reperfusion. In addition, dynamic NOX2-induced ROS levels were measured by dihydroethidium (DHE) staining. Autophagy, inflammasomes, and angiogenesis were measured by immunofluorescence staining and western blotting. RNA sequencing was performed, and bioinformatics technology was used to analyze differentially expressed genes (DEGs), as well as the enrichment of biological functions and signaling pathways in ischemia penumbra at 7 days after reperfusion. Then, Akt pathway-related proteins were further evaluated by western blotting. RESULTS Our results showed that apocynin injection attenuated infarct size and mortality 3 days after stroke but promoted mortality and blocked functional recovery from 5 to 14 days after stroke. DHE staining showed that ROS levels were increased at 3 days after reperfusion and then gradually declined in WT mice, and these levels were significantly reduced by the NOX2 inhibitor apocynin. RNA-Seq analysis indicated that apocynin activated the immune response under hypoxic conditions. The immunofluorescence and western blot results demonstrated that apocynin inhibited the NLRP3 inflammasome and promoted angiogenesis at 3 days but promoted the NLRP3 inflammasome and inhibited angiogenesis at 7 and 14 days after stroke, which was mediated by regulating autophagy activation. Furthermore, RNA-Seq and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis indicated that apocynin injection resulted in PI3K-Akt signaling pathway enrichment after 7 days of MCAO. We then used an animal model to show that apocynin decreased the protein levels of phosphorylated PI3K and Akt and NF-κB p65, confirming that the PI3K-Akt-NF-κB pathway is involved in apocynin-mediated activation of inflammation and inhibition of angiogenesis. CONCLUSIONS NOX2-induced ROS production is a double-edged sword that exacerbates brain injury in the acute phase but promotes functional recovery. This effect appears to be achieved by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation and promoting angiogenesis via autophagy activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Yingze
- Central Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Jian Zhihong
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Jin Tong
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Li Yina
- Central Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Zeng Zhi
- Department of Pathology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Zhang Xu
- Central Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Xiong Xiaoxing
- Central Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China. .,Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China.
| | - Gu Lijuan
- Central Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China.
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Singla S, Jena G. Intervention of 3-aminobenzamide against Dextran Sulphate Sodium induced colitis in mice: Investigations on molecular mechanisms. Eur J Pharmacol 2022; 920:174861. [PMID: 35219730 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2022.174861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Various preclinical and clinical studies reported that Poly [ADP-ribose] polymerase 1 plays significant role in all acute and chronic inflammatory diseases with different etiopathogenesis. The present study aims to investigate the protective effect of 3-aminobenzamide in Dextran Sulphate Sodium induced ulcerative colitis and associated molecular mechanisms. Ulcerative colitis in male BALB/c mice was induced using Dextran sulphate sodium (3 %w/v) for 3 cycles with 7 days recovery period in-between. 3-aminobenzamide was administered at the doses of 5, 10 and 20 mg/kg starting from the Ist week of remission period and was continued till the termination of the experiment. The effect of 3-aminbenzamide was evaluated using biochemical parameters, histopathological evaluations, ELISA, immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence and Western blot analysis. All the doses of 3-aminobenzamide (5 mg/kg; 10 mg/kg and 20 mg/kg) ameliorated the severity of ulcerative colitis by modulating various molecular targets such as poly[ADP-ribose] polymerase 1, nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells, NLR family pyrin domain containing 3, apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a caspase-recruitment domain, cysteine aspartases, interleukin-1β, proliferating cell nuclear antigen, sirtuin 1, adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase, tumour necrosis factor-α and catalase. However, the lower doses (5 and 10 mg/kg) exerted more prominent effects in comparison to the high dose (20 mg/kg). Further, 3-aminobenzamide treatment restored the intestinal integrity by increasing the expression of occludin and significantly ameliorated ulcerative colitis associated elevated lipopolysaccharides, oxidative and nitrosative stress, cellular damage and apoptosis. Lower doses of 3-aminobenzamide showed more prominent protective effects against ulcerative colitis associated damage as compared to higher dose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivani Singla
- Facility for Risk Assessment and Intervention Studies, Dept. of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Punjab, 160062, S.A.S Nagar, India.
| | - Gopabandhu Jena
- Facility for Risk Assessment and Intervention Studies, Dept. of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Punjab, 160062, S.A.S Nagar, India.
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7
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Mekhaeil M, Dev KK, Conroy MJ. Existing Evidence for the Repurposing of PARP-1 Inhibitors in Rare Demyelinating Diseases. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14030687. [PMID: 35158955 PMCID: PMC8833351 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14030687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1) inhibitors are successful cancer therapeutics that impair DNA repair machinery, leading to an accumulation of DNA damage and consequently cell death. The shared underlying mechanisms driving malignancy and demyelinating disease, together with the success of anticancer drugs as repurposed therapeutics, makes the repurposing of PARP-1 inhibitors for demyelinating diseases a worthy concept to consider. In addition, PARP-1 inhibitors demonstrate notable neuroprotective effects in demyelinating disorders, including multiple sclerosis which is considered the archetypical demyelinating disease. Abstract Over the past decade, Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1) inhibitors have arisen as a novel and promising targeted therapy for breast cancer gene (BRCA)-mutated ovarian and breast cancer patients. Therapies targeting the enzyme, PARP-1, have since established their place as maintenance drugs for cancer. Here, we present existing evidence that implicates PARP-1 as a player in the development and progression of both malignancy and demyelinating disease. These findings, together with the proven clinical efficacy and marketed success of PARP-1 inhibitors in cancer, present the repurposing of these drugs for demyelinating diseases as a desirable therapeutic concept. Indeed, PARP-1 inhibitors are noted to demonstrate neuroprotective effects in demyelinating disorders such as multiple sclerosis and Parkinson’s disease, further supporting the use of these drugs in demyelinating, neuroinflammatory, and neurodegenerative diseases. In this review, we discuss the potential for repurposing PARP-1 inhibitors, with a focus on rare demyelinating diseases. In particular, we address the possible use of PARP-1 inhibitors in examples of rare leukodystrophies, for which there are a paucity of treatment options and an urgent need for novel therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianna Mekhaeil
- Drug Development Research Group, Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, D18 DH50 Dublin, Ireland; (M.M.); (K.K.D.)
- Cancer Immunology Research Group, Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, D18 DH50 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Kumlesh Kumar Dev
- Drug Development Research Group, Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, D18 DH50 Dublin, Ireland; (M.M.); (K.K.D.)
| | - Melissa Jane Conroy
- Cancer Immunology Research Group, Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, D18 DH50 Dublin, Ireland
- Correspondence:
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8
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Gutierrez-Quintana R, Walker DJ, Williams KJ, Forster DM, Chalmers AJ. Radiation-induced neuroinflammation: a potential protective role for poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors? Neurooncol Adv 2022; 4:vdab190. [PMID: 35118383 PMCID: PMC8807076 DOI: 10.1093/noajnl/vdab190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Radiotherapy (RT) plays a fundamental role in the treatment of glioblastoma (GBM). GBM are notoriously invasive and harbor a subpopulation of cells with stem-like features which exhibit upregulation of the DNA damage response (DDR) and are radioresistant. High radiation doses are therefore delivered to large brain volumes and are known to extend survival but also cause delayed toxicity with 50%-90% of patients developing neurocognitive dysfunction. Emerging evidence identifies neuroinflammation as a critical mediator of the adverse effects of RT on cognitive function. In addition to its well-established role in promoting repair of radiation-induced DNA damage, activation of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) can exacerbate neuroinflammation by promoting secretion of inflammatory mediators. Therefore, PARP represents an intriguing mechanistic link between radiation-induced activation of the DDR and subsequent neuroinflammation. PARP inhibitors (PARPi) have emerged as promising new agents for GBM when given in combination with RT, with multiple preclinical studies demonstrating radiosensitizing effects and at least 3 compounds being evaluated in clinical trials. We propose that concomitant use of PARPi could reduce radiation-induced neuroinflammation and reduce the severity of radiation-induced cognitive dysfunction while at the same time improving tumor control by enhancing radiosensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Gutierrez-Quintana
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - David J Walker
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Kaye J Williams
- Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, School of Health Sciences, Manchester Cancer Research Centre, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Duncan M Forster
- Division of Informatics, Imaging and Data Sciences, Manchester Molecular Imaging Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Anthony J Chalmers
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
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9
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Reber JM, Mangerich A. Why structure and chain length matter: on the biological significance underlying the structural heterogeneity of poly(ADP-ribose). Nucleic Acids Res 2021; 49:8432-8448. [PMID: 34302489 PMCID: PMC8421145 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkab618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation (PARylation) is a multifaceted post-translational modification, carried out by poly(ADP-ribosyl)transferases (poly-ARTs, PARPs), which play essential roles in (patho-) physiology, as well as cancer therapy. Using NAD+ as a substrate, acceptors, such as proteins and nucleic acids, can be modified with either single ADP-ribose units or polymers, varying considerably in length and branching. Recently, the importance of PAR structural heterogeneity with regards to chain length and branching came into focus. Here, we provide a concise overview on the current knowledge of the biochemical and physiological significance of such differently structured PAR. There is increasing evidence revealing that PAR’s structural diversity influences the binding characteristics of its readers, PAR catabolism, and the dynamics of biomolecular condensates. Thereby, it shapes various cellular processes, such as DNA damage response and cell cycle regulation. Contrary to the knowledge on the consequences of PAR’s structural diversity, insight into its determinants is just emerging, pointing to specific roles of different PARP members and accessory factors. In the future, it will be interesting to study the interplay with other post-translational modifications, the contribution of natural PARP variants, and the regulatory role of accessory molecules. This has the exciting potential for new therapeutic approaches, with the targeted modulation and tuning of PARPs’ enzymatic functions, rather than their complete inhibition, as a central premise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia M Reber
- Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, 78467 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Aswin Mangerich
- Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, 78467 Konstanz, Germany
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10
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Liu S, Luo W, Wang Y. Emerging role of PARP-1 and PARthanatos in ischemic stroke. J Neurochem 2021; 160:74-87. [PMID: 34241907 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.15464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Cell death is a key feature of neurological diseases, including stroke and neurodegenerative disorders. Studies in a variety of ischemic/hypoxic mouse models demonstrate that poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP-1)-dependent cell death, also named PARthanatos, plays a pivotal role in ischemic neuronal cell death and disease progress. PARthanatos has its unique triggers, processors, and executors that convey a highly orchestrated and programmed signaling cascade. In addition to its role in gene transcription, DNA damage repair, and energy homeostasis through PARylation of its various targets, PARP-1 activation in neuron and glia attributes to brain damage following ischemia/reperfusion. Pharmacological inhibition or genetic deletion of PARP-1 reduces infarct volume, eliminates inflammation, and improves recovery of neurological functions in stroke. Here, we reviewed the role of PARP-1 and PARthanatos in stroke and their therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuiqiao Liu
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Weibo Luo
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA.,Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Yingfei Wang
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA.,Department of Neurology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
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11
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE Activation of the constitutive nuclear and mitochondrial enzyme poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) has been implicated in the pathogenesis of cell dysfunction, inflammation, and organ failure in various forms of critical illness. The objective of our study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of the clinically approved PARP inhibitor olaparib in an experimental model of pancreatitis in vivo and in a pancreatic cell line subjected to oxidative stress in vitro. The preclinical studies were complemented with analysis of clinical samples to detect PARP activation in pancreatitis. METHODS Mice were subjected to cerulein-induced pancreatitis; circulating mediators and circulating organ injury markers; pancreatic myeloperoxidase and malondialdehyde levels were measured and histology of the pancreas was assessed. In human pancreatic duct epithelial cells (HPDE) subjected to oxidative stress, PARP activation was measured by PAR Western blotting and cell viability and DNA integrity were quantified. In clinical samples, PARP activation was assessed by PAR (the enzymatic product of PARP) immunohistochemistry. RESULTS In male mice subjected to pancreatitis, olaparib (3 mg/kg i.p.) improved pancreatic function: it reduced pancreatic myeloperoxidase and malondialdehyde levels, attenuated the plasma amylase levels, and improved the histological picture of the pancreas. It also attenuated the plasma levels of pro-inflammatory mediators (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-12, IP-10, KC) but not MCP-1, RANTES, or the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10. Finally, it prevented the slight, but significant increase in plasma blood urea nitrogen level, suggesting improved renal function. The protective effect of olaparib was also confirmed in female mice. In HPDE cells subjected to oxidative stress olaparib (1 μM) inhibited PARP activity, protected against the loss of cell viability, and prevented the loss of cellular NAD levels. Olaparib, at 1μM to 30 μM did not have any adverse effects on DNA integrity. In human pancreatic samples from patients who died of pancreatitis, increased accumulation of PAR was demonstrated. CONCLUSION Olaparib improves organ function and tempers the hyperinflammatory response in pancreatitis. It also protects against pancreatic cell injury in vitro without adversely affecting DNA integrity. Repurposing and eventual clinical introduction of this clinically approved PARP inhibitor may be warranted for the experimental therapy of pancreatitis.
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12
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Chen Z, Chen Y, Jin X, Liu Y, Shao Z, Li Q. Olaparib attenuates sepsis-induced acute multiple organ injury via ERK-mediated CD14 expression. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2021; 246:1948-1958. [PMID: 34053236 DOI: 10.1177/15353702211015620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is characterized by persistent systemic inflammation, which can cause multi-organ dysfunction. The poly polymerase-1 inhibitor olaparib possesses anti-inflammatory properties. This study aimed to assess the effects of olaparib (pre- and post-treatments) on sepsis, and to investigate whether it could suppress CD14 expression via the ERK pathway in polymicrobial sepsis and peritoneal macrophages models. Sepsis was induced by cecal ligation and puncture in C57BL/6 male mice. Fifty mice were randomly divided into five groups: The sham group was treated with vehicle or olaparib, the cecal ligation and puncture group with vehicle or with olaparib (5 mg/kg i.p.) 1 h before or 2 h after surgery. Olaparib pretreatment significantly improved the survival of septic mice (P < 0.001). Pre- and post-treatment of mice with olaparib partly alleviated cecal ligation and puncture-induced organ injury by decreasing the amounts of the pro-inflammatory mediators TNF-α and IL-6 as well as bacterial burden in the serum, peritoneal lavage fluid, and organs (P < 0.05). The protective effect of olaparib was associated with CD14 suppression via inhibition of ERK activation. Olaparib facilitated negative regulation of ERK-mediated CD14 expression, which may contribute to multi-organ injury in sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhixia Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital & Shenzhen Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, and Peking Union Medical College, Shenzhen 518116, China
| | - Yihui Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Xianwei Jin
- Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Zhenzhen Shao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200000, China
| | - Quan Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital & Shenzhen Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, and Peking Union Medical College, Shenzhen 518116, China.,Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
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13
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Wasyluk W, Zwolak A. PARP Inhibitors: An Innovative Approach to the Treatment of Inflammation and Metabolic Disorders in Sepsis. J Inflamm Res 2021; 14:1827-1844. [PMID: 33986609 PMCID: PMC8110256 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s300679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is not only a threat to the health of individual patients but also presents a serious epidemiological problem. Despite intensive research, modern sepsis therapy remains based primarily on antimicrobial treatment and supporting the functions of failing organs. Finding a cure for sepsis represents a great and as yet unfulfilled need in modern medicine. Research results indicate that the activity of poly (adenosine diphosphate (ADP)-ribose) polymerase (PARP) may play an important role in the inflammatory response and the cellular metabolic disorders found in sepsis. Mechanisms by which PARP-1 may contribute to inflammation and metabolic disorders include effects on the regulation of gene expression, impaired metabolism, cell death, and the release of alarmins. These findings suggest that inhibition of this enzyme may be a promising solution for the treatment of sepsis. In studies using experimental sepsis models, inhibition of PARP-1 has been shown to ameliorate the inflammatory response and increase survival. This action was described, among others, for olaparib, a PARP-1 inhibitor approved for use in oncology. While the results of current research are promising, the use of PARP inhibitors in non-oncological diseases raises some concerns, mainly related to the enzyme's role in deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) repair. However, the results of studies on experimental models indicate the effectiveness of even short-term PARP-1 inhibition and do not confirm concerns regarding its impact on the integrity of nuclear DNA. Current research presents PARP inhibition as a potential solution for the treatment of sepsis and indicates the need for further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weronika Wasyluk
- Chair of Internal Medicine and Department of Internal Medicine in Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland.,Doctoral School, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Zwolak
- Chair of Internal Medicine and Department of Internal Medicine in Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
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14
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Koehler RC, Dawson VL, Dawson TM. Targeting Parthanatos in Ischemic Stroke. Front Neurol 2021; 12:662034. [PMID: 34025565 PMCID: PMC8131834 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2021.662034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Parthanatos is a cell death signaling pathway in which excessive oxidative damage to DNA leads to over-activation of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP). PARP then generates the formation of large poly(ADP-ribose) polymers that induce the release of apoptosis-inducing factor from the outer mitochondrial membrane. In the cytosol, apoptosis-inducing factor forms a complex with macrophage migration inhibitory factor that translocates into the nucleus where it degrades DNA and produces cell death. In a review of the literature, we identified 24 publications from 13 laboratories that support a role for parthanatos in young male mice and rats subjected to transient and permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). Investigators base their conclusions on the use of nine different PARP inhibitors (19 studies) or PARP1-null mice (7 studies). Several studies indicate a therapeutic window of 4-6 h after MCAO. In young female rats, two studies using two different PARP inhibitors from two labs support a role for parthanatos, whereas two studies from one lab do not support a role in young female PARP1-null mice. In addition to parthanatos, a body of literature indicates that PARP inhibitors can reduce neuroinflammation by interfering with NF-κB transcription, suppressing matrix metaloproteinase-9 release, and limiting blood-brain barrier damage and hemorrhagic transformation. Overall, most of the literature strongly supports the scientific premise that a PARP inhibitor is neuroprotective, even when most did not report behavior outcomes or address the issue of randomization and treatment concealment. Several third-generation PARP inhibitors entered clinical oncology trials without major adverse effects and could be repurposed for stroke. Evaluation in aged animals or animals with comorbidities will be important before moving into clinical stroke trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raymond C Koehler
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Valina L Dawson
- Neuroregeneration and Stem Cell Programs, The Institute of Cell Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States.,Department of Neurology, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States.,Department of Neuroscience, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States.,Department of Physiology, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Ted M Dawson
- Neuroregeneration and Stem Cell Programs, The Institute of Cell Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States.,Department of Neurology, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States.,Department of Neuroscience, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States.,Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
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15
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Arruri VK, Gundu C, Khan I, Khatri DK, Singh SB. PARP overactivation in neurological disorders. Mol Biol Rep 2021; 48:2833-2841. [PMID: 33768369 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-06285-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARPs) constitute a family of enzymes associated with divergent cellular processes that are not limited to DNA repair, chromatin organization, genome integrity, and apoptosis but also found to play a crucial role in inflammation. PARPs mediate poly (ADP-ribosylation) of DNA binding proteins that is often responsible for chromatin remodeling thereby ensure effective repairing of DNA stand breaks although during the conditions of severe genotoxic stress PARPs direct the cell fate towards apoptotic events. Recent discoveries have pushed PARPs into the spotlight as targets for treating cancer, metabolic, inflammatory and neurological disorders. Of note, PARP-1 is the most abundant isoform of PARPs (18 member super family) which executes more than 90% of PARPs functions. Since oxidative/nitrosative stress actuated PARP-1 is linked to vigorous DNA damage and wide spread provocative inflammatory response that underlie the aetiopathogenesis of different neurological disorders, possibility of developing PARP-1 inhibitors as plausible neurotherapeutic agents attracts considerable research interest. This review outlines the recent advances in PARP-1 biology and examines the capability of PARP-1 inhibitors as treatment modalities in intense and interminable diseases of neuronal origin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijay Kumar Arruri
- Neuropharmacology Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Balanagar, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500037, India
| | - Chayanika Gundu
- Neuropharmacology Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Balanagar, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500037, India
| | - Islauddin Khan
- Neuropharmacology Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Balanagar, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500037, India
| | - Dharmendra Kumar Khatri
- Neuropharmacology Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Balanagar, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500037, India
| | - Shashi Bala Singh
- Neuropharmacology Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Balanagar, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500037, India.
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16
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Yao Y, Zhang Y, Liao X, Yang R, Lei Y, Luo J. Potential Therapies for Cerebral Edema After Ischemic Stroke: A Mini Review. Front Aging Neurosci 2021; 12:618819. [PMID: 33613264 PMCID: PMC7890111 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2020.618819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Stroke is the leading cause of global mortality and disability. Cerebral edema and intracranial hypertension are common complications of cerebral infarction and the major causes of mortality. The formation of cerebral edema includes three stages (cytotoxic edema, ionic edema, and vasogenic edema), which involve multiple proteins and ion channels. A range of therapeutic agents that successfully target cerebral edema have been developed in animal studies, some of which have been assessed in clinical trials. Herein, we review the mechanisms of cerebral edema and the research progress of anti-edema therapies for use after ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Yao
- International Medical Center, Ward of General Practice and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yonggang Zhang
- Department of Periodical Press and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Nursing Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China
- Chinese Evidence-Based Medicine Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoyang Liao
- International Medical Center, Ward of General Practice and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Rong Yang
- International Medical Center, Ward of General Practice and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yi Lei
- International Medical Center, Ward of General Practice and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jianzhao Luo
- International Medical Center, Ward of General Practice and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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17
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Paldino E, D’Angelo V, Laurenti D, Angeloni C, Sancesario G, Fusco FR. Modulation of Inflammasome and Pyroptosis by Olaparib, a PARP-1 Inhibitor, in the R6/2 Mouse Model of Huntington's Disease. Cells 2020; 9:cells9102286. [PMID: 33066292 PMCID: PMC7602058 DOI: 10.3390/cells9102286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Revised: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Pyroptosis is a type of cell death that is caspase-1 (Casp-1) dependent, which leads to a rapid cell lysis, and it is linked to the inflammasome. We recently showed that pyroptotic cell death occurs in Huntington’s disease (HD). Moreover, we previously described the beneficial effects of a PARP-1 inhibitor in HD. In this study, we investigated the neuroprotective effect of Olaparib, an inhibitor of PARP-1, in the mouse model of Huntington’s disease. R6/2 mice were administered Olaparib or vehicle from pre-symptomatic to late stages. Behavioral studies were performed to investigate clinical effects of the compound. Immunohistochemical and Western blotting studies were performed to evaluate neuroprotection and the impact of the compound on the pathway of neuronal death in the HD mice. Our results indicate that Olaparib administration starting from the pre-symptomatic stage of the neurodegenerative disease increased survival, ameliorated the neurological deficits, and improved clinical outcomes in neurobehavioral tests mainly by modulating the inflammasome activation. These results suggest that Olaparib, a commercially available drug already in use as an anti-neoplastic compound, exerts a neuroprotective effect and could be a useful pharmaceutical agent for Huntington’s disease therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuela Paldino
- Laboratory of Neuroanatomy, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, 00143 Rome, Italy; (E.P.); (D.L.); (C.A.)
| | - Vincenza D’Angelo
- Dipartimento di Medicina dei Sistemi, Università di Roma 2 Tor Vergata, 00133 Roma, Italy; (V.D.); (G.S.)
| | - Daunia Laurenti
- Laboratory of Neuroanatomy, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, 00143 Rome, Italy; (E.P.); (D.L.); (C.A.)
| | - Cecilia Angeloni
- Laboratory of Neuroanatomy, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, 00143 Rome, Italy; (E.P.); (D.L.); (C.A.)
| | - Giuseppe Sancesario
- Dipartimento di Medicina dei Sistemi, Università di Roma 2 Tor Vergata, 00133 Roma, Italy; (V.D.); (G.S.)
| | - Francesca R. Fusco
- Laboratory of Neuroanatomy, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, 00143 Rome, Italy; (E.P.); (D.L.); (C.A.)
- Correspondence:
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18
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Curtin NJ, Szabo C. Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibition: past, present and future. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2020; 19:711-736. [PMID: 32884152 DOI: 10.1038/s41573-020-0076-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 264] [Impact Index Per Article: 66.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The process of poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation and the major enzyme that catalyses this reaction, poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP1), were discovered more than 50 years ago. Since then, advances in our understanding of the roles of PARP1 in cellular processes such as DNA repair, gene transcription and cell death have allowed the investigation of therapeutic PARP inhibition for a variety of diseases - particularly cancers in which defects in DNA repair pathways make tumour cells highly sensitive to the inhibition of PARP activity. Efforts to identify and evaluate potent PARP inhibitors have so far led to the regulatory approval of four PARP inhibitors for the treatment of several types of cancer, and PARP inhibitors have also shown therapeutic potential in treating non-oncological diseases. This Review provides a timeline of PARP biology and medicinal chemistry, summarizes the pathophysiological processes in which PARP plays a role and highlights key opportunities and challenges in the field, such as counteracting PARP inhibitor resistance during cancer therapy and repurposing PARP inhibitors for the treatment of non-oncological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola J Curtin
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Newcastle, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
| | - Csaba Szabo
- Chair of Pharmacology, Section of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland.
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19
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Pharmacological inhibition of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase by olaparib, prevents acute lung injury associated cognitive deficits potentially through suppression of inflammatory response. Eur J Pharmacol 2020; 877:173091. [PMID: 32234526 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Revised: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Acute lung injury (ALI) has been reported to be associated with high mortality rate. Moreover, ALI survivors, frequently present chronic cognitive deterioration. We have previously shown that 'two hit' (hydrochloric acid + lipopolysaccharide) induced ALI resulted in cognitive dysfunction through the induction of systemic inflammation. The present study was designed to explore the potential anti-inflammatory effects of olaparib (Poly ADP-ribose polymerase-1 inhibitor), on ALI mediated cognitive impairment. Olaparib was administered at dose of 5 mg/kg body weight (i.p.) 30 min before each hit. Data show that olaparib pre-treatment markedly reduced the neutrophil infiltration, alveolar capillary damage, inflammatory cytokines level (TNF-α/IL-1β/IL-6) and oxidative stress in the lungs at 24 h after ALI induction. Also, olaparib pre-treatment ameliorated the ALI associated cognitive impairment as assessed by Morris water maze test on weekly basis for 2 consecutive weeks. Further, restoration of cognitive function was associated with normalization of serum levels of TNF-α/IL-1β and improved the blood brain barrier (BBB) function, as reflected by data on expression of occludin/claudin-5 and extravasation of Evans-blue/FITC dextran in hippocampus at 1 week post injury. Finally, increased mRNA expression of VCAM-1, TNF-α and IL-1β and NF-κB activation in hippocampus indicate induction of neuro-inflammation, which was downregulated upon olaparib administration. Further, olaparib treatment 1 week after ALI induction blunted the systemic inflammation which was associated with improved BBB and cognitive function. Altogether, our results showed that olaparib protects against ALI and associated cognitive deficits in mice, and thus may offer a new treatment avenue in the area.
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20
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Pazzaglia S, Pioli C. Multifaceted Role of PARP-1 in DNA Repair and Inflammation: Pathological and Therapeutic Implications in Cancer and Non-Cancer Diseases. Cells 2019; 9:cells9010041. [PMID: 31877876 PMCID: PMC7017201 DOI: 10.3390/cells9010041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Revised: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
PARP-1 (poly(ADP-ribose)-polymerase 1), mainly known for its protective role in DNA repair, also regulates inflammatory processes. Notably, defects in DNA repair and chronic inflammation may both predispose to cancer development. On the other hand, inhibition of DNA repair and inflammatory responses can be beneficial in cancer therapy and PARP inhibitors are currently used for their lethal effects on tumor cells. Furthermore, excess of PARP-1 activity has been associated with many tumors and inflammation-related clinical conditions, including asthma, sepsis, arthritis, atherosclerosis, and neurodegenerative diseases, to name a few. Activation and inhibition of PARP represent, therefore, a double-edged sword that can be exploited for therapeutic purposes. In our review, we will discuss recent findings highlighting the composite multifaceted role of PARP-1 in cancer and inflammation-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simonetta Pazzaglia
- Correspondence: (S.P.); (C.P.); Tel.: +39-06-3048-6535 (S.P.); +39-06-3048-3398 (C.P.)
| | - Claudio Pioli
- Correspondence: (S.P.); (C.P.); Tel.: +39-06-3048-6535 (S.P.); +39-06-3048-3398 (C.P.)
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21
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Liu C, Fang Y. New insights of poly(ADP-ribosylation) in neurodegenerative diseases: A focus on protein phase separation and pathologic aggregation. Biochem Pharmacol 2019; 167:58-63. [PMID: 31034795 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2019.04.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2019] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Abnormal protein aggregation is a common pathological feature of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), Huntington's disease (HD) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Protein posttranslational modifications (PTMs) play a crucial regulatory role in the formation of pathologic aggregation. Among the known PTMs involved in neurodegeneration, poly(ADP-ribosylation) (PARylation) has emerged with promising therapeutic potentials of the use of poly(ADP-ribose) (PAR) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors. In this review, we describe the mounting evidence that abnormal PARP activation is involved in various neurodegenerative diseases, and discuss the underpinning mechanisms with a focus on the recent findings that PARylation affects liquid-liquid phase separation and aggregation of amyloid proteins. We hope this review will stimulate further investigation of the unknown functions of PARylation and promote the development of more effective therapeutic agents in treating neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Liu
- Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Yanshan Fang
- Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
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22
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Mashimo M, Bu X, Aoyama K, Kato J, Ishiwata-Endo H, Stevens LA, Kasamatsu A, Wolfe LA, Toro C, Adams D, Markello T, Gahl WA, Moss J. PARP1 inhibition alleviates injury in ARH3-deficient mice and human cells. JCI Insight 2019; 4:124519. [PMID: 30830864 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.124519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2018] [Accepted: 01/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation refers to the covalent attachment of ADP-ribose to protein, generating branched, long chains of ADP-ribose moieties, known as poly(ADP-ribose) (PAR). Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP1) is the main polymerase and acceptor of PAR in response to DNA damage. Excessive intracellular PAR accumulation due to PARP1 activation leads cell death in a pathway known as parthanatos. PAR degradation is mainly controlled by poly(ADP-ribose) glycohydrolase (PARG) and ADP-ribose-acceptor hydrolase 3 (ARH3). Our previous results demonstrated that ARH3 confers protection against hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) exposure, by lowering cytosolic and nuclear PAR levels and preventing apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) nuclear translocation. We identified a family with an ARH3 gene mutation that resulted in a truncated, inactive protein. The 8-year-old proband exhibited a progressive neurodegeneration phenotype. In addition, parthanatos was observed in neurons of the patient's deceased sibling, and an older sibling exhibited a mild behavioral phenotype. Consistent with the previous findings, the patient's fibroblasts and ARH3-deficient mice were more sensitive, respectively, to H2O2 stress and cerebral ischemia/reperfusion-induced PAR accumulation and cell death. Further, PARP1 inhibition alleviated cell death and injury resulting from oxidative stress and ischemia/reperfusion. PARP1 inhibitors may attenuate the progression of neurodegeneration in affected patients with ARH3 deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masato Mashimo
- Pulmonary Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
| | - Xiangning Bu
- Pulmonary Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
| | - Kazumasa Aoyama
- Pulmonary Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
| | - Jiro Kato
- Pulmonary Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
| | | | - Linda A Stevens
- Pulmonary Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
| | | | - Lynne A Wolfe
- NIH Undiagnosed Diseases Program, Common Fund, Office of the Director, and
| | - Camilo Toro
- NIH Undiagnosed Diseases Program, Common Fund, Office of the Director, and
| | - David Adams
- NIH Undiagnosed Diseases Program, Common Fund, Office of the Director, and.,Office of the Clinical Director, National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Thomas Markello
- NIH Undiagnosed Diseases Program, Common Fund, Office of the Director, and
| | - William A Gahl
- NIH Undiagnosed Diseases Program, Common Fund, Office of the Director, and.,Office of the Clinical Director, National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Joel Moss
- Pulmonary Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
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23
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Duan Y, Du A, Gu J, Duan G, Wang C, Gui X, Ma Z, Qian B, Deng X, Zhang K, Sun L, Tian K, Zhang Y, Jiang H, Liu C, Fang Y. PARylation regulates stress granule dynamics, phase separation, and neurotoxicity of disease-related RNA-binding proteins. Cell Res 2019; 29:233-247. [PMID: 30728452 DOI: 10.1038/s41422-019-0141-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 168] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 01/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Mutations in RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) localized in ribonucleoprotein (RNP) granules, such as hnRNP A1 and TDP-43, promote aberrant protein aggregation, which is a pathological hallmark of various neurodegenerative diseases, such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD). Protein posttranslational modifications (PTMs) are known to regulate RNP granules. In this study, we investigate the function of poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation (PARylation), an important PTM involved in DNA damage repair and cell death, in RNP granule-related neurodegeneration. We reveal that PARylation levels are a major regulator of the assembly-disassembly dynamics of RNP granules containing disease-related RBPs, hnRNP A1 and TDP-43. We find that hnRNP A1 can both be PARylated and bind to PARylated proteins or poly(ADP-ribose) (PAR). We further uncover that PARylation of hnRNP A1 at K298 controls its nucleocytoplasmic transport, whereas PAR-binding via the PAR-binding motif (PBM) of hnRNP A1 regulates its association with stress granules. Moreover, we reveal that PAR not only dramatically enhances the liquid-liquid phase separation of hnRNP A1, but also promotes the co-phase separation of hnRNP A1 and TDP-43 in vitro and their interaction in vivo. Finally, both genetic and pharmacological inhibition of PARP mitigates hnRNP A1- and TDP-43-mediated neurotoxicity in cell and Drosophila models of ALS. Together, our findings suggest a novel and crucial role for PARylation in regulating the dynamics of RNP granules, and that dysregulation in PARylation and PAR levels may contribute to ALS disease pathogenesis by promoting protein aggregation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongjia Duan
- Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201210, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Aiying Du
- Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Jinge Gu
- Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201210, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Gang Duan
- Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Chen Wang
- Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201210, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xinrui Gui
- Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201210, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Zhiwei Ma
- Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201210, China.,Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Beituo Qian
- Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201210, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xue Deng
- Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201210, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Kai Zhang
- Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201210, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Le Sun
- Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201210, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Kuili Tian
- Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Yaoyang Zhang
- Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201210, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Hong Jiang
- Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201210, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Cong Liu
- Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201210, China. .,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Yanshan Fang
- Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201210, China. .,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
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Fang W, Zhai X, Han D, Xiong X, Wang T, Zeng X, He S, Liu R, Miyata M, Xu B, Zhao H. CCR2-dependent monocytes/macrophages exacerbate acute brain injury but promote functional recovery after ischemic stroke in mice. Am J Cancer Res 2018; 8:3530-3543. [PMID: 30026864 PMCID: PMC6037034 DOI: 10.7150/thno.24475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2017] [Accepted: 04/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Peripheral blood monocytes are recruited into the ischemic brain and transform into macrophages after stroke. Nevertheless, the exact role of CCR2-dependent monocytes/macrophages in brain injury after stroke remains elusive. Methods: We used CCR2 knockout (KO) mice and the CCR2 pharmacological inhibitor, propagermanium (PG), to address the role of CCR2-dependent monocytes/macrophages in the acute stage and neurological functional recovery after middle cerebral artery (MCA) occlusion and reperfusion. Results: CCR2 KO resulted in smaller infarct size and lower mortality than in wild type (WT) mice, when measured 3 days after stroke. However, from 5 to 28 days after stroke, the KO mice had higher mortality and showed no obvious neurological functional recovery. In addition, WT mice treated with PG had similar stroke outcomes compared with CCR2 KO, as measured by T2 weighted MRI. Flow cytometry and real-time PCR analyses suggest that monocyte-derived macrophages (MoDMs) in the stroke brains mainly polarized to pro-inflammatory macrophages at the early stage, but gradually switched to anti-inflammatory macrophages at 7 days after stroke. In addition, adoptive transfer of anti-inflammatory macrophages into CCR2 KO mice at 4 and 6 days after stroke alleviated mortality and promoted neurological recovery. Conclusion: CCR2-dependent monocytes/macrophages are a double-edged sword; they worsen acute brain injury, but are essential for neurological recovery by promoting anti-inflammatory macrophage polarization.
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Early Treatment with Poly(ADP-Ribose) Polymerase-1 Inhibitor (JPI-289) Reduces Infarct Volume and Improves Long-Term Behavior in an Animal Model of Ischemic Stroke. Mol Neurobiol 2018; 55:7153-7163. [DOI: 10.1007/s12035-018-0910-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2017] [Accepted: 01/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Korkmaz-Icöz S, Szczesny B, Marcatti M, Li S, Ruppert M, Lasitschka F, Loganathan S, Szabó C, Szabó G. Olaparib protects cardiomyocytes against oxidative stress and improves graft contractility during the early phase after heart transplantation in rats. Br J Pharmacol 2017; 175:246-261. [PMID: 28806493 DOI: 10.1111/bph.13983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2017] [Revised: 06/27/2017] [Accepted: 08/03/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Olaparib, rucaparib and niraparib, potent inhibitors of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) are approved as anti-cancer drugs in humans. Considering the previously demonstrated role of PARP in various forms of acute and chronic myocardial injury, we tested the effects of olaparib in in-vitro models of oxidative stress in cardiomyocytes, and in an in vivo model of cardiac transplantation. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH H9c2-embryonic rat heart-derived myoblasts pretreated with vehicle or olaparib (10μM) were challenged with either hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 ) or with glucose oxidase (GOx, which generates H2 O2 in the tissue culture medium). Cell viability assays (MTT, lactate dehydrogenase) and Western blotting for PARP and its product, PAR was performed. Heterotopic heart transplantation was performed in Lewis rats; recipients were treated either with vehicle or olaparib (10 mg kg-1 ). Left ventricular function of transplanted hearts was monitored via a Millar catheter. Multiple gene expression in the graft was measured by qPCR. KEY RESULTS Olaparib blocked autoPARylation of PARP1 and attenuated the rapid onset of death in H9c2 cells, induced by H2 O2 , but did not affect cell death following chronic, prolonged oxidative stress induced by GOx. In rats, after transplantation, left ventricular systolic and diastolic function were improved by olaparib. In the transplanted hearts, olaparib also reduced gene expression for c-jun, caspase-12, catalase, and NADPH oxidase-2. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Olaparib protected cardiomyocytes against oxidative stress and improved graft contractility in a rat model of heart transplantation. These findings raise the possibility of repurposing this clinically approved oncology drug, to be used in heart transplantation. LINKED ARTICLES This article is part of a themed section on Inventing New Therapies Without Reinventing the Wheel: The Power of Drug Repurposing. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v175.2/issuetoc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sevil Korkmaz-Icöz
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Bartosz Szczesny
- Department of Anesthesiology, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Michela Marcatti
- Department of Anesthesiology, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Shiliang Li
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Mihály Ruppert
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Felix Lasitschka
- Institute of Pathology, University Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Csaba Szabó
- Department of Anesthesiology, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Gábor Szabó
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
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Berger NA, Besson VC, Boulares AH, Bürkle A, Chiarugi A, Clark RS, Curtin NJ, Cuzzocrea S, Dawson TM, Dawson VL, Haskó G, Liaudet L, Moroni F, Pacher P, Radermacher P, Salzman AL, Snyder SH, Soriano FG, Strosznajder RP, Sümegi B, Swanson RA, Szabo C. Opportunities for the repurposing of PARP inhibitors for the therapy of non-oncological diseases. Br J Pharmacol 2017; 175:192-222. [PMID: 28213892 DOI: 10.1111/bph.13748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2017] [Revised: 02/06/2017] [Accepted: 02/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The recent clinical availability of the PARP inhibitor olaparib (Lynparza) opens the door for potential therapeutic repurposing for non-oncological indications. Considering (a) the preclinical efficacy data with PARP inhibitors in non-oncological diseases and (b) the risk-benefit ratio of treating patients with a compound that inhibits an enzyme that has physiological roles in the regulation of DNA repair, we have selected indications, where (a) the severity of the disease is high, (b) the available therapeutic options are limited, and (c) the duration of PARP inhibitor administration could be short, to provide first-line options for therapeutic repurposing. These indications are as follows: acute ischaemic stroke; traumatic brain injury; septic shock; acute pancreatitis; and severe asthma and severe acute lung injury. In addition, chronic, devastating diseases, where alternative therapeutic options cannot halt disease development (e.g. Parkinson's disease, progressive multiple sclerosis or severe fibrotic diseases), should also be considered. We present a preclinical and clinical action plan for the repurposing of PARP inhibitors. LINKED ARTICLES This article is part of a themed section on Inventing New Therapies Without Reinventing the Wheel: The Power of Drug Repurposing. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v175.2/issuetoc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan A Berger
- Center for Science, Health and Society, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Valerie C Besson
- EA4475 - Pharmacologie de la Circulation Cérébrale, Faculté de Pharmacie de Paris, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - A Hamid Boulares
- The Stanley Scott Cancer Center, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Alexander Bürkle
- Molecular Toxicology Group, Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Constance, Germany
| | - Alberto Chiarugi
- Department of Health Sciences, Section of Clinical Pharmacology and Oncology, Headache Center - University Hospital, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Robert S Clark
- Department of Critical Care Medicine and Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Nicola J Curtin
- Newcastle University, Northern Institute for Cancer Research, Medical School, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | | | - Ted M Dawson
- Neuroregeneration and Stem Cell Programs, Institute for Cell Engineering and Department of Neurology and Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences and Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Valina L Dawson
- Neuroregeneration and Stem Cell Programs, Institute for Cell Engineering and Department of Neurology and Department of Physiology and Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - György Haskó
- Department of Surgery and Center for Immunity and Inflammation, Rutgers-New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Lucas Liaudet
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine and Burn Center, University Hospital Medical Center, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Flavio Moroni
- Department of Neuroscience, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Florence, Italy
| | - Pál Pacher
- Laboratory of Physiologic Studies, Section on Oxidative Stress Tissue Injury, NIAAA, NIH, Bethesda, USA
| | - Peter Radermacher
- Institute of Anesthesiological Pathophysiology and Process Engineering, University Hospital, Ulm, Germany
| | | | - Solomon H Snyder
- Department of Neurology and Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Francisco Garcia Soriano
- Departamento de Clínica Médica, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Robert P Strosznajder
- Laboratory of Preclinical Research and Environmental Agents, Department of Neurosurgery, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Balázs Sümegi
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Raymond A Swanson
- Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco and San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Csaba Szabo
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
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Ahmad A, Olah G, Herndon DN, Szabo C. The clinically used PARP inhibitor olaparib improves organ function, suppresses inflammatory responses and accelerates wound healing in a murine model of third-degree burn injury. Br J Pharmacol 2017; 175:232-245. [PMID: 28146604 DOI: 10.1111/bph.13735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2016] [Revised: 01/05/2017] [Accepted: 01/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The PARP inhibitor olaparib has recently been approved for human use for the therapy of cancer. Considering the role of PARP in critical illness, we tested the effect of olaparib in a murine model of burn injury, in order to begin exploring the feasibility of repurposing olaparib for the therapy of burn patients. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Mice were subjected to scald burn injury and randomized into vehicle or olaparib (10 mg·kg-1 ·day-1 i.p.) groups. Outcome variables included indices of organ injury, clinical chemistry parameters, plasma levels of inflammatory mediators (at 24 h, 7 and 21 days) and burn wound size (at 21 days). KEY RESULTS Olaparib reduced myeloperoxidase levels in heart and lung homogenates and reduced malondialdehyde levels in all tissues 24 h post-burn. Olaparib also reduced circulating alkaline aminotransferase, amylase and blood urea nitrogen and creatinine levels, indicative of protection against hepatic, pancreatic and renal dysfunction. Pro-inflammatory mediator (TNF-α, IL-1β, IFN-γ, GCSF, GM-CSF, eotaxin, KC, MIP-1-α and IL-3, 6 and 12) levels as well as the levels of several mediators that are generally considered anti-inflammatory (IL-4, 10 and 13) were reduced by olaparib. Plasma troponin-I levels (an indicator of skeletal muscle damage) was also attenuated by olaparib. Finally, olaparib stimulated wound healing. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS The clinically approved PARP inhibitor olaparib improves organ function, suppresses inflammatory responses and accelerates wound healing in murine burn injury. The data raise the potential utility of olaparib for severe burn injury. LINKED ARTICLES This article is part of a themed section on Inventing New Therapies Without Reinventing the Wheel: The Power of Drug Repurposing. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v175.2/issuetoc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akbar Ahmad
- Department of Anesthesiology, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Gabor Olah
- Department of Anesthesiology, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - David N Herndon
- Department of Surgery, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA.,Shriners Hospital for Children, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Csaba Szabo
- Department of Anesthesiology, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA.,Shriners Hospital for Children, Galveston, TX, USA
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