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Rezaei K, Mastali G, Abbasgholinejad E, Bafrani MA, Shahmohammadi A, Sadri Z, Zahed MA. Cadmium neurotoxicity: Insights into behavioral effect and neurodegenerative diseases. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 364:143180. [PMID: 39187026 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.143180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2024] [Revised: 08/07/2024] [Accepted: 08/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/28/2024]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) induced neurotoxicity has become a growing concern due to its potential adverse effects on the Central Nervous System. Cd is a Heavy Metal (HM) that is released into the environment, through several industrial processes. It poses a risk to the health of the community by polluting air, water, and soil. Cd builds up in the brain and other neural tissues, raising concerns about its effect on the nervous system due to its prolonged biological half-life. Cd can enter into the neurons, hence increasing the production of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) in them and impairing their antioxidant defenses. Cd disrupts the Calcium (Ca2+) balance in neurons, affects the function of the mitochondria, and triggers cell death pathways. As a result of these pathways, the path to the development of many neurological diseases affected by environmental factors, especially Cd, such as Alzheimer's Disease (AD) and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) is facilitated. There are cognitive deficits associated with long exposure to Cd. Memory disorders are present in both animals and humans. Cd alters the brain's function and performance in critical periods. There are lifelong consequences of Cd exposure during critical brain development stages. The susceptibility to neurotoxic effects is increased by interactions with a variety of risk factors. Cd poses risks to neuronal function and behavior, potentially contributing to neurodegenerative diseases like Parkinson's disease (PD) and AD as well as cognitive issues. This article offers a comprehensive overview of Cd-induced neurotoxicity, encompassing risk assessment, adverse effect levels, and illuminating intricate pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimia Rezaei
- Department of Cell and Molecular Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Ghazaleh Mastali
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Elham Abbasgholinejad
- Department of Cell and Molecular Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Melika Arab Bafrani
- Multiple Sclerosis Research Center (MSRC), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | | | - Zahra Sadri
- The Department of Biological Science, Molecular and Cell Biology, Dedman College of Humanities and Sciences Southern Methodist University (SMU), Dallas, TX, USA.
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Wang D, Wu Y, Zhou X, Liang C, Ma Y, Yuan Q, Wu Z, Hao X, Zhu X, Li X, Shi J, Chen J, Fan H. Cadmium exposure induced neuronal ferroptosis and cognitive deficits via the mtROS-ferritinophagy pathway. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 349:123958. [PMID: 38621452 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.123958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 03/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
Exposure to environmental cadmium (Cd) is known to cause neuronal death and cognitive decline in humans. Ferroptosis, a novel iron-dependent type of regulated cell death, is involved in various neurological disorders. In the present study, Cd exposure triggered ferroptosis in the mouse hippocampus and in the HT22 murine hippocampal neuronal cell line, as indicated by significant increases in ferroptotic marker expression, intracellular iron levels, and lipid peroxidation. Interestingly, ferroptosis of hippocampal neurons in response to Cd exposure relied on the induction of autophagy since the suppression of autophagy by 3-methyladenine (3-MA) and chloroquine (CQ) substantially ameliorated Cd-induced ferroptosis. Furthermore, nuclear receptor coactivator 4 (NCOA4)-mediated degradation of ferritin was required for the Cd-induced ferroptosis of hippocampal neurons, demonstrating that NCOA4 knockdown decreased intracellular iron levels and lipid peroxidation and increased cell survival, following Cd exposure. Moreover, Cd-induced mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROS) generation was essential for the ferritinophagy-mediated ferroptosis of hippocampal neurons. Importantly, pretreatment with the ferroptosis inhibitor ferrostatin-1 (Fer-1) effectively attenuated Cd-induced hippocampal neuronal death and cognitive impairment in mice. Taken together, these findings indicate that ferroptosis is a novel mechanism underlying Cd-induced neurotoxicity and cognitive impairment and that the mtROS-ferritinophagy axis modulates Cd-induced neuronal ferroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongmei Wang
- College of Basic Medicine and Forensic Medicine, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Yiran Wu
- College of Basic Medicine and Forensic Medicine, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Xiang Zhou
- College of Basic Medicine and Forensic Medicine, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Chen Liang
- College of Basic Medicine and Forensic Medicine, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Yilu Ma
- College of Basic Medicine and Forensic Medicine, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Quan Yuan
- Henan Province Rongkang Hospital, Luoyang, China
| | - Ziyue Wu
- College of Basic Medicine and Forensic Medicine, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Xueqin Hao
- College of Basic Medicine and Forensic Medicine, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Xiaoying Zhu
- College of Basic Medicine and Forensic Medicine, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Xinyu Li
- Office of Research & Innovation, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Jian Shi
- Office of Research & Innovation, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Junliang Chen
- College of Food and Bioengineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Hua Fan
- Office of Research & Innovation, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China.
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Murumulla L, Bandaru LJM, Challa S. Heavy Metal Mediated Progressive Degeneration and Its Noxious Effects on Brain Microenvironment. Biol Trace Elem Res 2024; 202:1411-1427. [PMID: 37462849 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-023-03778-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
Heavy metals, including lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), arsenic (As), cobalt (Co), copper (Cu), manganese (Mn), zinc (Zn), and others, have a significant impact on the development and progression of neurodegenerative diseases in the human brain. This comprehensive review aims to consolidate the recent research on the harmful effects of different metals on specific brain cells such as neurons, microglia, astrocytes, and oligodendrocytes. Understanding the potential influence of these metals in neurodegeneration is crucial for effectively combating the ongoing advancement of these diseases. Metal-induced neurodegeneration involves molecular mechanisms such as apoptosis induction, dysregulation of metabolic and signaling pathways, metal imbalance, oxidative stress, loss of synaptic transmission, pathogenic peptide aggregation, and neuroinflammation. This review provides valuable insights by compiling the supportive evidence from recent research findings. Additionally, we briefly discuss the modes of action of natural neuroprotective compounds. While this comprehensive review aims to consolidate the recent research on the harmful effects of various metals on specific brain cells, it may not cover all studies and findings related to metal-induced neurodegeneration. Studies that are done using bioinformatics tools, microRNAs, long non-coding RNAs, emerging disease models, and studies based on the modes of exposure to toxic metals are a future prospect to be explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lokesh Murumulla
- Cell Biology Division, National Institute of Nutrition, Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR), Hyderabad-500007, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Lakshmi Jaya Madhuri Bandaru
- Cell Biology Division, National Institute of Nutrition, Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR), Hyderabad-500007, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Suresh Challa
- Cell Biology Division, National Institute of Nutrition, Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR), Hyderabad-500007, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.
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Wen S, Wang L. Cadmium neurotoxicity and therapeutic strategies. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2024; 38:e23670. [PMID: 38432689 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.23670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a multitarget, carcinogenic, nonessential environmental pollutant. Due to its toxic effects at very low concentrations, lengthy biological half-life, and low excretion rate, exposure to Cd carries a concern. Prolonged exposure to Cd causes severe injury to the nervous system of both humans and animals. Nevertheless, the precise mechanisms responsible for the neurotoxic effects of Cd have yet to be fully elucidated. The accurate chemical mechanism potentially entails the destruction of metal-ion homeostasis, inducing oxidative stress, apoptosis, and autophagy. Here we review the evidence of the neurotoxic effects of Cd and corresponding strategies to protect against Cd-induced central nervous system injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuangquan Wen
- Suzhou Chien-Shiung Institute of Technology, Taicang, China
- Veterinarian Clinical Diagnosis Study Group, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Liang Wang
- Suzhou Chien-Shiung Institute of Technology, Taicang, China
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Navarro-Cruz AR, Juárez-Serrano D, Cesar-Arteaga I, Kammar-García A, Guevara-Díaz JA, Vera-López O, Lazcano-Hernández M, Pérez-Xochipa I, Segura-Badilla O. Oral administration of resveratrol reduces oxidative stress generated in the hippocampus of Wistar rats in response to consumption of ethanol. Front Behav Neurosci 2024; 17:1304006. [PMID: 38274548 PMCID: PMC10810024 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2023.1304006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Chronic ethanol intake has been found to favor hippocampal deterioration and alter neuronal morphological maturation; resveratrol has been suggested as an antioxidant that may counteract these effects. The objective of this study was to analyze the effect of resveratrol on oxidative stress markers, endogenous antioxidant system in the hippocampus, and the behavior of male Wistar rats administered different concentrations of ethanol. Methods The animals, at 3 months old, were randomly distributed into 11 study groups (n = 6/group), orally administered (5 days on, 2 days off) with water (control), ethanol (10, 20, 30, 40 or 50%), or ethanol (10, 20, 30, 40 or 50%) plus resveratrol (10 mg/Kg/day) for 2 months. Subsequently, the production of nitrites, malondialdehyde, and 4-hydroxy-alkenal (HNE) and the enzymatic activity of catalase and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were quantified. Results The levels of nitric oxide and lipid peroxidation products were significantly increased in each ethanol concentration and were statistically different compared to the control group; however, resveratrol significantly reduced oxidative stress caused by high ethanol concentration. The SOD and CAT did not present significant changes with respect to the controls in any of the study groups. In the different concentrations of ethanol used, GR increases significantly in the groups administered with resveratrol but not GPx. Resveratrol was shown to maintain the results similar to the control at most ethanol concentrations. Discussion Our results suggest that resveratrol prevents oxidative stress induced by ethanol in the hippocampus by decreasing cellular lipid peroxidation, but does not prevent the activation of catalase or SOD enzymes; however, allows glutathione to be kept active and in adequate concentrations in its reduced form and avoids alterations in the locomotor system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Addí Rhode Navarro-Cruz
- Departamento de Bioquímica-Alimentos, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Daniel Juárez-Serrano
- Departamento de Bioquímica-Alimentos, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Ivan Cesar-Arteaga
- Departamento de Bioquímica-Alimentos, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Ashuin Kammar-García
- Dirección de Investigación, Instituto Nacional de Geriatría, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Obdulia Vera-López
- Departamento de Bioquímica-Alimentos, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Martin Lazcano-Hernández
- Departamento de Bioquímica-Alimentos, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Ivonne Pérez-Xochipa
- Departamento de Bioquímica-Alimentos, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Orietta Segura-Badilla
- Departamento de Nutrición y Salud Pública, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud y de los Alimentos, Universidad del Bío-Bío, Chillán, Chile
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Li Z, Shi Y, Wang Y, Qi H, Chen H, Li J, Li L. Cadmium-induced pyroptosis is mediated by PERK/TXNIP/NLRP3 signaling in SH-SY5Y cells. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2023; 38:2219-2227. [PMID: 37300869 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a hypertoxic heavy metal that may be exposed to environmental pollutants by humans and animals. It can lead to cognitive disfunction, and is linked to neurodegenerative diseases. Cadmium reportedly can induce endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, but few studies have concentrated on it in nerve cells, and the connection between ER stress and neuroinflammation. In this study, in vitro experiments on SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells were carried out. We aimed at exploring whether Cd attributed to the cell pyroptosis and the role of PERK in promoting this form of cell damage which can induce strong inflammatory responses. Our results demonstrated that CdCl2 treatment induced excess reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, caused significant modifications in the expression of PERK and increased TXNIP, NLRP3, IL-1β, IL-18, and caspase1 in SH-SY5Y cells. In addition, scavenging ROS with N-acetylcysteine or inhibiting the expression of PERK by using GSK2606414, rescued the SH-SY5Y cells from cadmium-induced pyroptosis. In conclusion, the results suggest that Cd induces pyroptotic death of SH-SY5Y cells through ER stress, and this may be the potential mechanism of Cd incurring neurological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of High-throughput Drug Screening Technology, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Chinese Traditional Medicine, School of Life Science, Hubei University, Wuhan, China
- Brain Science and Advanced Technology Institute, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, School of Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yan Shi
- Brain Science and Advanced Technology Institute, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, School of Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yougang Wang
- Brain Science and Advanced Technology Institute, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, School of Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Haomin Qi
- Brain Science and Advanced Technology Institute, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, School of Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Haiyu Chen
- Brain Science and Advanced Technology Institute, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, School of Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jinquan Li
- Brain Science and Advanced Technology Institute, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, School of Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Li Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of High-throughput Drug Screening Technology, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Chinese Traditional Medicine, School of Life Science, Hubei University, Wuhan, China
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Ding M, Shi S, Qie S, Li J, Xi X. Association between heavy metals exposure (cadmium, lead, arsenic, mercury) and child autistic disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Pediatr 2023; 11:1169733. [PMID: 37469682 PMCID: PMC10353844 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2023.1169733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Studies have found that toxic heavy metals exposure could induce the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and is of epigenetic effect, which might be associated with the occurrence of Autistic Disorder (ASD). This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to elucidate the association between exposure to 4 heavy metals, cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), arsenic(As), and mercury (Hg), and the occurrence of ASD in children. Methods We searched PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Cochrane Library, from their inception to October 2022, for epidemiological investigations that explore the association between exposure to Cd, Pb, As, or Hg and the occurrence of child ASD. Results A total of 53 studies were included, involving 5,054 individuals aged less than 18 (2,533 ASD patients and 2,521 healthy controls). Compared with the healthy controls, in hair and blood tests, concentrations of the 4 heavy metals were significantly higher in the ASD group than in the healthy control group, and the differences in Pb, arsenic and Hg were statistically significant (P < 0.05). In the urine test, concentrations of arsenic and Hg were significantly higher in the ASD group than in the healthy control group (P < 0.05), while the results of Cd and Pb were opposite to those of arsenic and Hg (P > 0.05). Subgroup analysis for geographic regions showed that ASD patients in Asia and Europe had higher concentrations of the 4 heavy metals, compared with the healthy controls, in which the differences in Pb, arsenic, and Hg were statistically significant (P < 0.05), while in North America, the healthy controls had higher Cd, arsenic, and Hg concentrations (P > 0.05). Conclusion Compared with the healthy control group, the ASD group had higher concentrations of Cd, Pb, arsenic, and Hg. These 4 heavy metals play different roles in the occurrence and progression of ASD. Moreover, there is significant heterogeneity among the included studies due to controversies about the study results among different countries and regions and different sources of detection materials. The results of this study firmly support the policies to limit heavy metals exposure, especially among pregnant women and young children, so as to help reduce the incidence of ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengmeng Ding
- Correspondence: Mengmeng Ding Shanshan Shi Shuyan Qie
| | - Shanshan Shi
- Correspondence: Mengmeng Ding Shanshan Shi Shuyan Qie
| | - Shuyan Qie
- Correspondence: Mengmeng Ding Shanshan Shi Shuyan Qie
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Stachowicz K. Regulation of COX-2 expression by selected trace elements and heavy metals: Health implications, and changes in neuronal plasticity. A review. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2023; 79:127226. [PMID: 37257334 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2023.127226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Trace elements or trace metals are essential components of enzymes, proteins, hormones and play a key role in biochemical processes, cell growth and differentiation, as well as in neurotransmission, affecting human physiology. In nature there are also heavy metals that exhibit toxic effects on the human body, including the brain. The importance of trace elements has been established in neurodegenerative disorders, schizophrenia, depression among others. In parallel, an important regulatory element in the above diseases is cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), a modulator of the arachidonic acid (AA) pathway, and a cause of neuroinflammation, and glutamate (Glu) dysregulation, affecting calcium (Ca) metabolism in cells. This review presents the effects of major trace elements and heavy metals on COX-2 expression. Calcium (Ca), zinc (Zn), cadmium (Cd), vanadium (V), nickel (Ni), copper (Cu), and iron (Fe) can potentially increase COX-2 expression, inducing neuroinflammation and Glu excitotoxicity; while magnesium (Mg), lithium (Li), and selenium (Se) can potentially decrease COX-2 expression. The associated mechanisms are described in the article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Stachowicz
- Department of Neurobiology, Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Smętna 12, 31-343 Kraków, Poland.
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Yang X, Xi L, Guo Z, Liu L, Ping Z. The relationship between cadmium and cognition in the elderly: a systematic review. Ann Hum Biol 2023; 50:15-25. [PMID: 36645404 DOI: 10.1080/03014460.2023.2168755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Context: The relationship between cadmium (Cd) and the cognition of the elderly is indistinct.Objective: To summarise the studies on the relationship between the cognition of the elderly and Cd.Methods: Literatures were searched in PubMed, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), and Wan fang database on April 25, 2022. The entries in the STROBE statement were used to evaluate the literature quality; all the quantitative studies that met the requirements were systematically summarised.Results: Blood Cd was negatively correlated with the cognitive ability of the elderly, corresponding to different cognitive ability assessment methods, the regression coefficients were: -0.11 (-0.20, -0.03), -0.46 (-0.71, -0.21), -0.54 (-0.90, -0.17), -0.19 (-0.37, -0.01), and -2.29 (-3.41, -1.16). The regression coefficients between urinary Cd level and cognition score were -1.42 (-2.38, -0.46), and 0.76 (-1.28, -0.23). When dietary Cd increased by 1 μg/kg, the composite z-score decreased by 3.64 (p = 0.001). There was no significant correlation between drinking water Cd, fingernail Cd and cognition (p > 0.05).Conclusion: We concluded that blood Cd (including whole blood and plasma), urine Cd and dietary Cd were negatively correlated with the cognition of the elderly, but the relationship between Cd in drinking water and fingernails and cognition was not statistically significant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueke Yang
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Lijing Xi
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhaoyan Guo
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Li Liu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhiguang Ping
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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Ruczaj A, Brzóska MM. Environmental exposure of the general population to cadmium as a risk factor of the damage to the nervous system: A critical review of current data. J Appl Toxicol 2023; 43:66-88. [PMID: 35304765 PMCID: PMC10084305 DOI: 10.1002/jat.4322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Nowadays, more and more attention has been focused on the risk of the neurotoxic action of cadmium (Cd) under environmental exposure. Due to the growing incidence of nervous system diseases, including neurodegenerative changes, and suggested involvement of Cd in their aetiopathogenesis, this review aimed to discuss critically this element neurotoxicity. Attempts have been made to recognize at which concentrations in the blood and urine Cd may increase the risk of damage to the nervous system and compare it to the risk of injury of other organs and systems. The performed overview of the available literature shows that Cd may have an unfavourable impact on the human's nervous system at the concentration >0.8 μg Cd/L in the urine and >0.6 μg Cd/L in the blood. Because such concentrations are currently noted in the general population of industrialized countries, it can be concluded that environmental exposure to this xenobiotic may create a risk of damage to the nervous system and be involved in the aetiopathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease, as well as worsening cognitive and behavioural functions. The potential mechanism of Cd neurotoxicity consists in inducing oxidative stress, disrupting the activity of enzymes essential to the proper functioning of the nervous system and destroying the homoeostasis of bioelements in the brain. Thus, further studies are necessary to recognize accurately both the risk of nervous system damage in the general population due to environmental exposure to Cd and the mechanism of this action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Ruczaj
- Department of ToxicologyMedical University of BialystokBialystokPoland
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Flanigan KAS, Czuba MI, Riesgo VR, Rúa MA, Stevenson LM, Willing J. Developmental exposure to corn grown on Lake Erie dredged material: a preliminary analysis. Front Behav Neurosci 2023; 17:987239. [PMID: 37153937 PMCID: PMC10160390 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2023.987239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023] Open
Abstract
While corn is considered to be a healthy food option, common agricultural practices, such as the application of soil amendments, might be introducing contaminants of concern (COC) into corn plants. The use of dredged material, which contain contaminants such as heavy metals, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), as a soil amendment is increasing. Contaminants from these amendments can accumulate in corn kernels harvested from plants grown on these sediments and potentially biomagnify in organisms that consume them. The extent to which secondary exposure to such contaminants in corn affect the mammalian central nervous system has been virtually unexplored. In this preliminary study, we examine the effects of exposure to corn grown in dredge amended soil or a commercially available feed corn on behavior and hippocampal volume in male and female rats. Perinatal exposure to dredge-amended corn altered behavior in the open-field and object recognition tasks in adulthood. Additionally, dredge-amended corn led to a reduction in hippocampal volume in male but not female adult rats. These results suggest the need for future studies examining how dredge-amended crops and/or commercially available feed corn may be exposing animals to COC that can alter neurodevelopment in a sex-specific manner. This future work will provide insight into the potential long-term consequences of soil amendment practices on the brain and behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaylyn A. S. Flanigan
- J.P. Scott Center for Neuroscience, Mind, and Behavior, Department of Psychology, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, OH, United States
| | - Madelyn I. Czuba
- J.P. Scott Center for Neuroscience, Mind, and Behavior, Department of Psychology, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, OH, United States
| | - Victoria R. Riesgo
- J.P. Scott Center for Neuroscience, Mind, and Behavior, Department of Psychology, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, OH, United States
| | - Megan A. Rúa
- Department of Biological Sciences, Wright State University, Dayton, OH, United States
| | - Louise M. Stevenson
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, OH, United States
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge, TN, United States
| | - Jari Willing
- J.P. Scott Center for Neuroscience, Mind, and Behavior, Department of Psychology, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, OH, United States
- *Correspondence: Jari Willing,
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Apam-Castillejos DJ, Tendilla-Beltrán H, Vázquez-Roque RA, Vázquez-Hernández AJ, Fuentes-Medel E, García-Dolores F, Díaz A, Flores G. Second-generation antipsychotic olanzapine attenuates behavioral and prefrontal cortex synaptic plasticity deficits in a neurodevelopmental schizophrenia-related rat model. J Chem Neuroanat 2022; 125:102166. [PMID: 36156295 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchemneu.2022.102166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Second-generation antipsychotics are the drugs of choice for the treatment of neurodevelopmental-related mental diseases such as schizophrenia. Despite the effectiveness of these drugs to ameliorate some of the symptoms of schizophrenia, specifically the positive ones, the mechanisms beyond their antipsychotic effect are still poorly understood. Specifically, second-generation antipsychotics are reported to have anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and neuroplastic properties. Using the neonatal ventral hippocampus lesion (nVHL) in the rat, an accepted schizophrenia-related model, we evaluated the effect of the second-generation antipsychotic olanzapine (OLZ) in the behavioral, neuroplastic, and neuroinflammatory alterations exhibited in the nVHL animals. OLZ corrected the hyperlocomotion and impaired working memory of the nVHL animals but failed to enhance social disturbances of these animals. In the prefrontal cortex (PFC), OLZ restored the pyramidal cell structural plasticity in the nVHL rats, enhancing the dendritic arbor length, the spinogenesis and the proportion of mature spines. Moreover, OLZ attenuated astrogliosis as well as some pro-inflammatory, oxidative stress, and apoptosis-related molecules in the PFC. These findings reinforce the evidence of anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and neurotrophic mechanisms of second-generation antipsychotics in the nVHL schizophrenia-related model, which allows for the possibility of developing more specific drugs for this disorder and thus avoiding the side effects of current schizophrenia treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Estefania Fuentes-Medel
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas (FCQ), Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla (BUAP), Mexico
| | - Fernando García-Dolores
- Instituto de Ciencias Forenses del Tribunal Superior de Justicia de la Ciudad de México (TSJCDMX), Mexico
| | - Alfonso Díaz
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas (FCQ), Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla (BUAP), Mexico
| | - Gonzalo Flores
- Instituto de Fisiología, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla (BUAP), Mexico.
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13
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Vellingiri B, Suriyanarayanan A, Selvaraj P, Abraham KS, Pasha MY, Winster H, Gopalakrishnan AV, G S, Reddy JK, Ayyadurai N, Kumar N, Giridharan B, P S, Rao KRSS, Nachimuthu SK, Narayanasamy A, Mahalaxmi I, Venkatesan D. Role of heavy metals (copper (Cu), arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), iron (Fe) and lithium (Li)) induced neurotoxicity. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 301:134625. [PMID: 35439490 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.134625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative condition characterized by the dopamine (DA) neuronal loss in the substantia nigra. PD impairs motor controls symptoms such as tremor, rigidity, bradykinesia and postural imbalance gradually along with non-motor problems such as olfactory dysfunction, constipation, sleeping disorder. Though surplus of factors and mechanisms have been recognized, the precise PD etiopathogenesis is not yet implied. Reports suggest that various environmental factors play a crucial role in the causality of the PD cases. Epidemiological studies have reported that heavy metals has a role in causing defects in substantia nigra region of brain in PD. Though the reason is unknown, exposure to heavy metals is reported to be an underlying factor in PD development. Metals are classified as either essential or non-essential, and they have a role in physiological processes such protein modification, electron transport, oxygen transport, redox reactions, and cell adhesion. Excessive metal levels cause oxidative stress, protein misfolding, mitochondrial malfunction, autophagy dysregulation, and apoptosis, among other things. In this review, we check out the link between heavy metals like copper (Cu), arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), iron (Fe), and lithium (Li) in neurodegeneration, and how it impacts the pathological conditions of PD. In conclusion, increase or decrease in heavy metals involve in regulation of neuronal functions that have an impact on neurodegeneration process. Through this review, we suggest that more research is needed in this stream to bring more novel approaches for either disease modelling or therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balachandar Vellingiri
- Human Molecular Cytogenetics and Stem Cell Laboratory, Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Biology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641 046, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Atchaya Suriyanarayanan
- Human Molecular Cytogenetics and Stem Cell Laboratory, Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Biology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641 046, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Priyanka Selvaraj
- Human Molecular Cytogenetics and Stem Cell Laboratory, Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Biology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641 046, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Kripa Susan Abraham
- Human Molecular Cytogenetics and Stem Cell Laboratory, Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Biology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641 046, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Md Younus Pasha
- Human Molecular Cytogenetics and Stem Cell Laboratory, Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Biology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641 046, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Harysh Winster
- Human Molecular Cytogenetics and Stem Cell Laboratory, Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Biology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641 046, Tamil Nadu, India; Disease Proteomics Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641 046, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Abilash Valsala Gopalakrishnan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Tamil Nadu, Vellore, 632 014, India
| | - Singaravelu G
- Department of Education, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641 046, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Niraikulam Ayyadurai
- CSIR-Central Leather Research Institute, Adyar, Chennai, 600 020, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Nandha Kumar
- Department of Zoology, St. Joseph University, 797 115, Dimapur, Nagaland
| | - Bupesh Giridharan
- Department of Forest Science, Nagaland University, Lumami, Zunheboto, Nagaland, India
| | - Sivaprakash P
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Dr.N.G.P. Institute of Technology, Coimbatore, 641048, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - K R S Sambasiva Rao
- Department of Biotechnology, Mizoram University (A Central University), Aizawl, 796 004, Mizoram, India
| | - Senthil Kumar Nachimuthu
- Department of Biotechnology, Mizoram University (A Central University), Aizawl, 796 004, Mizoram, India
| | - Arul Narayanasamy
- Disease Proteomics Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641 046, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Iyer Mahalaxmi
- Livestock Farming and Bioresource Technology, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Dhivya Venkatesan
- Human Molecular Cytogenetics and Stem Cell Laboratory, Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Biology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641 046, Tamil Nadu, India.
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14
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Treviño S, Pulido G, Fuentes E, Handal-Silva A, Moreno-Rodríguez A, Venegas B, Flores G, Guevara J, Díaz A. Effect of cadmium administration on the antioxidant system and neuronal death in the hippocampus of rats. Synapse 2022; 76:1-16. [PMID: 35709361 DOI: 10.1002/syn.22242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a heavy metal classified as a carcinogen whose exposure could affect the function of the central nervous system. Studies suggest that Cd modifies neuronal morphology in the hippocampus and affects cognitive tasks. The oxidative stress pathway is proposed as a mechanism of toxicity. However, this mechanism is not precise yet. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of Cd administration on oxidative stress markers in the male rat's hippocampus. Male Wistar rats were divided into (1) control (drinking water) and (2) treatment with Cd (32.5 ppm of cadmium chloride (CdCl2 ) in water). The Cd was administered for 2, 3, and 4 months. The results show that the oral administration of CdCl2 increased the concentration of Cd in plasma and hippocampus, and this response is time-dependent on its administration. Likewise, it caused an increase in lipid peroxidation and nitrosative stress markers. Moreover, it increased reactive astrogliosis and antioxidant enzyme activity. Consequently, the progression of the oxidative response exacerbated neurodegeneration in hippocampal cells. Our results suggest that Cd exposure induces a severe oxidative response that contributes critically to hippocampal neurodegeneration. It is suggested that exposure to Cd increases the risk of developing neurological diseases, which contributes to a decrease in the quality of life of the human and the environment in which it lives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Treviño
- Faculty of Chemical Sciences, Department of Pharmacy, Benemerita Autonomous University of Puebla, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Guadalupe Pulido
- Faculty of Chemical Sciences, Department of Pharmacy, Benemerita Autonomous University of Puebla, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Estefania Fuentes
- Faculty of Chemical Sciences, Department of Pharmacy, Benemerita Autonomous University of Puebla, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Anabella Handal-Silva
- Department of Biology and Reproductive Toxicology, Science Institute, Benemerita Autonomous University of Puebla, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Albino Moreno-Rodríguez
- Faculty of Chemical Sciences, Department of Pharmacy, Benemerita Autonomous University of Puebla, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Berenice Venegas
- Biological Sciences Faculty, Benemerita Autonomous University of Puebla, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Gonzalo Flores
- Neuropsychiatry Laboratory, Institute of Physiology, Benemerita Autonomous University of Puebla, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Jorge Guevara
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Alfonso Díaz
- Faculty of Chemical Sciences, Department of Pharmacy, Benemerita Autonomous University of Puebla, Puebla, Mexico
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15
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Kısadere İ, Karaman M, Aydın MF, Donmez N, Usta M. The protective effects of chitosan oligosaccharide (COS) on cadmium-induced neurotoxicity in Wistar rats. ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH 2021; 77:755-763. [PMID: 34842077 DOI: 10.1080/19338244.2021.2008852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to investigate the influence of chitosan oligosaccharide (COS) on some antioxidant and cytokine levels in the rat hippocampus as well as synaptophysin (SYP) immunoreactivity in the cerebral cortex of the cadmium (Cd) exposed rats. Thirty-two male albino Wistar rats were divided randomly into four equal groups as control (C; n = 8), Cd (n = 8), COS (n = 8), and Cd + COS (CdCOS; n = 8). The rats in the Cd and CdCOS groups received Cd chloride (CdCl2) (2 mg/kg/d) orally by gastric gavage three times a week for 4 weeks. Besides, COS (200 mg/kg/d) was administered to COS and CdCOS groups five times a week for 4 weeks. Then, they were decapitated and hippocampal/cerebral cortex tissue samples were taken for measurement of GSH levels, CAT and SOD activities, MDA values, TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-10 levels as well as SYP immunoreactivity. Although tissue GSH levels were determined the lowest in the Cd group, these values were attenuated with COS treatment in the CdCOS group (p < .01). In addition, TNF-α levels were alleviated by COS treatment in the CdCOS group when compared to Cd (p < .01). SYP-positive cells were investigated in the cerebral cortex and found mild in the CdCOS group. COS exhibits potential protective effects on Cd-induced neurotoxicity in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- İhsan Kısadere
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Balıkesir, Balıkesir, Turkey
| | - Musa Karaman
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Balıkesir, Balikesir, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Faruk Aydın
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Balıkesir, Balıkesir, Turkey
| | - Nurcan Donmez
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Selcuk, Konya, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Usta
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Balıkesir, Balikesir, Turkey
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16
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Shati AA, El-Kott AF, Alkhateeb MA. Resolvin D1 prevents cadmium chloride-induced memory loss and hippocampal damage in rats by activation/upregulation of PTEN-induced suppression of PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2021; 49:275-290. [PMID: 34570918 DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.13596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
This study evaluated the protective effect of resolvin D1 (RVD1) against cadmium chloride (CdCl2 )-induced hippocampal damage and memory loss in rats and investigated if such protection is mediated by modulating the PTEN/PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway. Adult male Wistar rats (n = 18/group) were divided as control, control + RVD1, CdCl2 , CdCl2 + RVD1 and CdCl2 + RVD1 + bpV(pic), a PTEN inhibitor. All treatments were conducted for 4 weeks. Resolvin D1 improved the memory function as measured by Morris water maze (MWM), preserved the structure of CA1 area of the hippocampus, and increased hippocampal levels of RVD1 in the CdCl2 -treated rats. Resolvin D1 also suppressed the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), tumour necrosis factor-α and interleukine-6 (IL-6), inhibited nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) p65, stimulated levels of glutathione (GSH), manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD), and Bcl2 but reduced the expression of Bax and cleaved caspase 3 in hippocampi of CdCl2 -treated rats. Concomitantly, it stimulated levels and activity of PTEN and reduced the phosphorylation (activation) of PI3K, Akt and mTOR in hippocampi of CdCl2 -treated rats. In conclusion, RVD1 attenuates CdCl2 -induced memory loss and hippocampal damage in rats mainly by activating PTEN-induced suppression of PI3K/Akt/mTOR, an effect that seems secondary to its' anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali A Shati
- Department of Biology, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Attalla F El-Kott
- Department of Biology, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud A Alkhateeb
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, King Saud University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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17
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Shati AA, El-Kott AF. Resolvin D1 protects against cadmium chloride-induced memory loss and hippocampal damage in rats: A comparison with docosahexaenoic acid. Hum Exp Toxicol 2021; 40:S215-S232. [PMID: 34405727 DOI: 10.1177/09603271211038739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intoxication with cadmium (Cd) ions leads to hippocampal damage and cognitive impairment. However, omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs) exert neuroprotective effects in different animal models of neurodegeneration. PURPOSE This study compared the neuroprotective effect of the n-3 PUFA, docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), and its downstream metabolite, resolvin D1 (RVD1), on hippocampal damage and memory deficits in cadmium chloride (CdCl2)-treated rats. RESEARCH DESIGN Control or CdCl2 (0.5 mg/kg)-treated rats were subdivided into three groups (n = 18/each) and treated for 6 weeks as follows: (1) fed control diet, (2) fed DHA-rich diets (0.7 g/100 g), or (3) treated with RVD1 (0.2 μg/kg, i.p). RESULTS Treatment with a DHA-rich diet or RVD1 significantly increased the levels of docosahexaenoic acid and RVD1, respectively, in the hippocampal of CdCl2-treated rats without affecting the reduction in the expression of the 15-lipooxygenase-1 (ALOX15). These effects were associated with improvements in rats' memory function and hippocampal structure, as well as a redction in the hippocampal levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), malondialdehyde (MDA), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), nuclear localization of the nuclear factor-kappa beta p65 (NF-κB p65), and expression of cleaved caspase-3. Concomitantly, hippocampi of both groups of rats showed significantly higher levels of Bcl-2, superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione (GSH), as well as enhanced nuclear levels of the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf-2). The effects of RVD1 on all these markers in the CdCl2-induced rats were more profound than those of DHA. Also, the increase in the nuclear protein levels of Nrf-2 and the decrease in the levels of Bax and nuclear protein levels of NF-κB p65 were only seen in the hippocampal of CdCl2 + RVD1-treated rats. CONCLUSION RVD1 is more powerful than DHA in preventing CdCl2-induced memory loss and hippocampal damage in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali A Shati
- Department of Biology, College of Science, 48144King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Attalla F El-Kott
- Department of Biology, College of Science, 48144King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt
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18
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Luan P, Sun Y, Zhu Y, Qiao S, Hu G, Liu Q, Zhang Z. Cadmium exposure promotes activation of cerebrum and cerebellum ferroptosis and necrosis in swine. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 224:112650. [PMID: 34403946 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2021] [Revised: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium(Cd) is a toxic and carcinogenic heavy metal pollutant leading to serious damage in various organs. Ferroptosis and necrosis as inflammation-related cell death are involved in several diseases of nervous system. In the present study, 10 weaning piglets with similar weight for 6 weeks were randomly divided into two groups. The daily grain containing 0 mg and 20 mg/kg of Cd chloride was fed in 20-26 ℃ environment, animals were sacrificed to collect cerebrum and cerebellum tissues after 40 days. Morphology and ultrastructure results were observed using HE and TEM. Moreover, molecular biological technologies western blot and qRT-PCR were used to detect the expression abundance of genes. Cerebrum and cerebellum injury was observed in Cd-exposed group, antioxidant capacity decreased significantly and oxidative stress increased; immunofluorescence, real-time quantification, and western blot results showed decreased necrosis genes and increased ferroptosis pathway genes abundance in cerebrum, whereas the results were reversed in cerebellum. These results indicated that Cd exposure can activated necrosis and ferroptosis pathways by increased oxidative stress, further resulting in cerebrum and cerebellum damage in pigs. These findings may provide a theoretical basis for early monitoring of Cd exposure in environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peixian Luan
- Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Harbin 0150070, PR China; Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Biotechnology and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Harbin 150070, PR China
| | - Yue Sun
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Yue Zhu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Senqiu Qiao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Guo Hu
- Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Harbin 0150070, PR China; Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Biotechnology and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Harbin 150070, PR China.
| | - Qi Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China.
| | - Ziwei Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China.
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Nedzvetsky VS, Gasso VY, Agca CA, Sukharenko EV. Soluble curcumin ameliorates motility, adhesiveness and abrogate parthanatos in cadmium-exposed retinal pigment epithelial cells. BIOSYSTEMS DIVERSITY 2021. [DOI: 10.15421/012129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a nonessential transition metal and one of the most toxic environmental pollutants. Industrial, agricultural and urban activities are the main sources of Cd environmental contamination. Multiple deleterious effects of Cd exposure were reported for different cell types and living organisms in a great number of research papers. Cd bioaccumulation hazard is mediated by the relatively long half-life of this metal in an organism. For example, in mammals its half-life lasts for about 10–30 years. Cd exposure affects many tissues. However, some of them, including the central nervous system and sensory organs, are most susceptible to its toxicity. The harmful effects of Cd could be linked to oxidative stress generation and consequently intracellular signalling disruption. Since Cd induces redox imbalance the antioxidants could be a prospective tool to ameliorate Cd cytotoxicity. In present work, we have studied the protective efficacy of soluble curcumin on Cd-caused retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells viability, reactive oxygen species production, adhesive and extracellular matrix proteins expression, cell migration and parthanatos level. Low dose (5 µM) of soluble curcumin ameliorated all aforementioned indices of Cd-induced cytotoxicity. Curcumin has restored the RPE cells motility as well as fibronectin and E-cadherin expression. Therefore, the modulation of RPE adhesiveness could be regarded as a cytoprotective effect of curcumin. Furthermore, Cd-caused poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1) suppression and cleaved PARP-1 upregulation were ameliorated by curcumin exposure. Therefore, the protective effect of soluble curcumin could be related, at least partially, to the modulation of PARP activity and inhibition of parthanatos flux. The observed results have demonstrated that low doses of soluble curcumin are a promising tool to protect RPE cells against Cd-caused retinal injury.
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Ali T, Khan A, Alam SI, Ahmad S, Ikram M, Park JS, Lee HJ, Kim MO. Cadmium, an Environmental Contaminant, Exacerbates Alzheimer's Pathology in the Aged Mice's Brain. Front Aging Neurosci 2021; 13:650930. [PMID: 34248598 PMCID: PMC8263901 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2021.650930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is an environmental contaminant, which is a potential risk factor in the progression of aging-associated neurodegenerative diseases. Herein, we have assessed the effects of chronic administration of Cd on cellular oxidative stress and its associated Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathologies in animal models. Two groups of mice were used, one group administered with saline and the other with Cd (1 mg/kg/day; intraperitoneally) for 3 months. After behavioral studies, molecular/biochemical (Immunoblotting, ELISAs, ROS, LPO, and GSH assays) and morphological analyses were performed. We observed an exacerbation of memory and synaptic deficits in chronic Cd-injected mice. Subacute and chronic Cd escalated reactive oxygen species (ROS), suppressed the master antioxidant enzymes, e.g., nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 and heme oxygenase-1, and evoked the stress kinase phospho-c-Jun N-terminal kinase 1 signaling pathways, which may escalate AD pathologies possibly associated with amyloidogenic processes. These findings suggest the regulation of oxidative stress/ROS and its associated amyloid beta pathologies for targeting the Cd-exacerbated AD pathogenesis. In addition, these preclinical animal studies represent a paradigm for epidemiological studies of the human population exposed to chronic and subacute administration of Cd, suggesting avoiding environmental contaminants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tahir Ali
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK 21 Four), College of Natural Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, South Korea
- Calgary Prion Research Unit, Department of Comparative Biology & Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hotchkiss Brain Institute Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Amjad Khan
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK 21 Four), College of Natural Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, South Korea
| | - Sayed Ibrar Alam
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK 21 Four), College of Natural Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, South Korea
| | - Sareer Ahmad
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK 21 Four), College of Natural Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, South Korea
| | - Muhammad Ikram
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK 21 Four), College of Natural Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, South Korea
| | - Jun Sung Park
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK 21 Four), College of Natural Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, South Korea
| | - Hyeon Jin Lee
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK 21 Four), College of Natural Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, South Korea
| | - Myeong Ok Kim
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK 21 Four), College of Natural Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, South Korea
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21
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Bi SS, Jin HT, Talukder M, Ge J, Zhang C, Lv MW, Yaqoob Ismail MA, Li JL. The protective effect of nnano-selenium against cadmium-induced cerebellar injury via the heat shock protein pathway in chicken. Food Chem Toxicol 2021; 154:112332. [PMID: 34118349 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2021.112332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is one of the toxic environmental heavy metals that poses health hazard to animals due to its toxicity. Nano-Selenium (Nano-Se) is a Nano-composite form of Se, which has emerged as a promising therapeutic agent for its protective roles against heavy metals-induced toxicity. Heat shock proteins (HSPs) play a critical role in cellular homeostasis. However, the potential protective effects of Nano-Se against Cd-induced cerebellar toxicity remain to be illustrated. To investigate the toxic effects of Cd on chicken's cerebellum, and the protective effects of Nano-Se against Cd-induced cerebellar toxicity, a total of 80 male chicks were divided into four groups and treated as follows: (A) 0 mg/kg Cd, (B) 1 mg/kg Nano-Se (C) 140 mg/kg Cd + 1 mg/kg Nano-Se (D) 140 mg/kg Cd for 90 days. We tested heat shock protein pathway-related factors including heat shock factors (HSFs) HSF1, HSF2, HSF3 and heat shock proteins (HSPs) HSP10, HSP25, HSP27, HSP40, HSP60, HSP70 and HSP90 expressions. Histopathological results showed that Cd treatment caused degradation of Purkinje cells. In addition, HSFs and HSPs expression decreased significantly in the Cd group. Nano-Se co-treatment with Cd enhanced the expression of HSFs and HSPs. In summary, our findings explicated a potential protective effect of Nano-Se against Cd-induced cerebellar injury in chicken, suggesting that Nano-Se is a promising therapeutic agent for the treatment of Cd toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shao-Shuai Bi
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China
| | - Hai-Tao Jin
- Quality and Safety Institute of Agricultural Products, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, 150010, PR China
| | - Milton Talukder
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Barishal, 8210, Bangladesh
| | - Jing Ge
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China
| | - Cong Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China
| | - Mei-Wei Lv
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China
| | - Mamoon Ali Yaqoob Ismail
- College of Economics and Management, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China
| | - Jin-Long Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China; Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China; Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China.
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Lamtai M, Azirar S, Zghari O, Ouakki S, El Hessni A, Mesfioui A, Ouichou A. Melatonin Ameliorates Cadmium-Induced Affective and Cognitive Impairments and Hippocampal Oxidative Stress in Rat. Biol Trace Elem Res 2021; 199:1445-1455. [PMID: 32613486 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-020-02247-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The present work aims to evaluate the effect of melatonin (Mel) on affective and cognitive disorders induced by chronic exposure to Cadmium (Cd). Male and female Wistar rats received either an intraperitoneal injection of saline solution NaCl (0.9%), Mel (4 mg/kg), Cd (1 mg/kg), or Cd (1 mg/kg) + Mel (4 mg/kg) for 8 weeks. Behavioral disorders were evaluated by different tests mainly the open field and elevated plus maze tests for anxiety-like behavior, forced swimming test (FST) for depression-like behavior, and the Y-maze and Morris water maze (MWM) tests for cognitive disorders. Thereafter, oxidative stress indices and histology of the hippocampus were evaluated. The results confirm that Cd administration has anxiogenic-like effects in both anxiety tests and depressive-like effects in the FST and leads to memory and learning disabilities in the Y-maze and MWM. We also report that Mel counteracts these neurobehavioral disorders. Biochemical assays showed that rats intoxicated with Cd significantly increased levels of nitric oxide (NO) and lipid peroxidation (LPO), while the activities of catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were significantly decreased in the hippocampus. In contrast, Mel administration attenuates the Cd-induced changes. The histopathological studies in the hippocampus of rats also supported that Mel markedly reduced the Cd-induced neuronal loss in CA3 sub-region. Overall, our results suggest that Mel could be used to protect against Cd-induced neurobehavioral changes via its antioxidant properties in the hippocampus. The effects of Cd and Mel are sex-dependent, knowing that Cd is more harmful in males, while Mel is more protective in females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mouloud Lamtai
- Laboratory of Genetics, Neuroendocrinology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Sciences, Ibn Tofail University, 133, 14000, Kenitra, BP, Morocco.
| | - Sofia Azirar
- Laboratory of Genetics, Neuroendocrinology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Sciences, Ibn Tofail University, 133, 14000, Kenitra, BP, Morocco
| | - Oussama Zghari
- Laboratory of Genetics, Neuroendocrinology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Sciences, Ibn Tofail University, 133, 14000, Kenitra, BP, Morocco
| | - Sihame Ouakki
- Laboratory of Genetics, Neuroendocrinology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Sciences, Ibn Tofail University, 133, 14000, Kenitra, BP, Morocco
| | - Aboubaker El Hessni
- Laboratory of Genetics, Neuroendocrinology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Sciences, Ibn Tofail University, 133, 14000, Kenitra, BP, Morocco
| | - Abdelhalem Mesfioui
- Laboratory of Genetics, Neuroendocrinology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Sciences, Ibn Tofail University, 133, 14000, Kenitra, BP, Morocco
| | - Ali Ouichou
- Laboratory of Genetics, Neuroendocrinology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Sciences, Ibn Tofail University, 133, 14000, Kenitra, BP, Morocco
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23
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Song B, Xiong G, Luo H, Zuo Z, Zhou Z, Chang X. Single-cell RNA sequencing of mouse neural stem cell differentiation reveals adverse effects of cadmium on neurogenesis. Food Chem Toxicol 2021; 148:111936. [PMID: 33387572 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2020.111936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a toxic heavy metal and widely exists in the environment. Extensive studies have revealed that Cd exposure can elicit neurotoxicity and potentially interfere with neurogenesis. However, underlying mechanisms by which Cd exposure affects neurogenesis remain unclear. In this study, we performed single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) of the differentiated mixture from neonatal mouse Neural Stem Cells (mNSCs) that were exposed to Cd for 24 h and differentiated for 7 days. Our results showed that Cd exposure led to an increase in the differentiation of NSCs into astrocytes while a decrease into neurons. Besides, Cd induced subtype-specific response and dysregulated cell-to-cell communication. Collectively, our scRNA-seq data suggested that Cd had toxic effects on NSCs differentiation at the single-cell level, which offered insight into the potential molecular mechanism of Cd on neurogenesis. Furthermore, our findings provided a new method for assessing the neurodevelopmental toxicity of environmental pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Song
- School of Public Health and Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Guiya Xiong
- School of Public Health and Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Huan Luo
- School of Public Health and Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Zhenzi Zuo
- School of Public Health and Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Zhijun Zhou
- School of Public Health and Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Xiuli Chang
- School of Public Health and Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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24
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Aguilar-Hernández L, Vázquez-Hernández AJ, de-Lima-Mar DF, Vázquez-Roque RA, Tendilla-Beltrán H, Flores G. Memory and dendritic spines loss, and dynamic dendritic spines changes are age-dependent in the rat. J Chem Neuroanat 2020; 110:101858. [PMID: 32950615 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchemneu.2020.101858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Revised: 08/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Brain aging is a widely studied process, but due to its complexity, much of its progress is unknown. There are many studies linking memory loss and reduced interneuronal communication with brain aging. However, only a few studies compare young and old animals. In the present study, in male rats aged 3, 6, and 18 months, we analyzed the locomotor activity and also short and long-term memory using the novel object recognition test (NORT), in addition to evaluating the dendritic length and the number of dendritic spines in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and in the CA1, CA3 and DG regions of the dorsal hippocampus using Golgi-Cox staining. We also analyzed the types of dendritic spines in the aforementioned regions. 6- and 18-month old animals showed a reduction in locomotor activity, while long-term memory deficit was observed in 18-month old rats. At 18 months old, the dendritic length was reduced in all the studied regions. The dendritic spine number was also reduced in layer 5 of the PFC, and the CA1 and CA3 of the hippocampus. The dynamics of dendritic spines changed with age, with a reduction of the mushroom spines in all the studied regions, with an increase of the stubby spines in all the studied regions except from the CA3 region, that showed a reduction. Our data suggest that age causes changes in behavior, which may be the result of morphological changes at the dendrite level, both in their length and in the dynamics of their spines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Aguilar-Hernández
- Laboratorio de Neuropsiquiatría, Instituto de Fisiología, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla (BUAP), Puebla, 72570, Mexico; Laboratorio de Fisiología de la Conducta, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas (ENCB), Instituto Politécnico Nacional (IPN), CDMX, 07738, Mexico
| | - Andrea Judith Vázquez-Hernández
- Laboratorio de Neuropsiquiatría, Instituto de Fisiología, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla (BUAP), Puebla, 72570, Mexico; Laboratorio de Fisiología de la Conducta, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas (ENCB), Instituto Politécnico Nacional (IPN), CDMX, 07738, Mexico
| | - Diana Frida de-Lima-Mar
- Laboratorio de Neuropsiquiatría, Instituto de Fisiología, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla (BUAP), Puebla, 72570, Mexico
| | - Rubén Antonio Vázquez-Roque
- Laboratorio de Neuropsiquiatría, Instituto de Fisiología, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla (BUAP), Puebla, 72570, Mexico
| | - Hiram Tendilla-Beltrán
- Laboratorio de Neuropsiquiatría, Instituto de Fisiología, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla (BUAP), Puebla, 72570, Mexico; Laboratorio de Fisiología de la Conducta, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas (ENCB), Instituto Politécnico Nacional (IPN), CDMX, 07738, Mexico
| | - Gonzalo Flores
- Laboratorio de Neuropsiquiatría, Instituto de Fisiología, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla (BUAP), Puebla, 72570, Mexico.
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El-Kott AF, Abd-Lateif AEKM, Khalifa HS, Morsy K, Ibrahim EH, Bin-Jumah M, Abdel-Daim MM, Aleya L. Kaempferol protects against cadmium chloride-induced hippocampal damage and memory deficits by activation of silent information regulator 1 and inhibition of poly (ADP-Ribose) polymerase-1. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 728:138832. [PMID: 32353801 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Revised: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The neuroprotective effect of Kaempferol against cadmium chloride (CdCl2) -induced neurotoxicity is well reported. The silent information regulator 1 (SIRT1) and poly (ADP-Ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP1) are two related cellular molecules that can negatively affect the activity of each other to promote or inhibit cell survival, respectively. It is still largely unknown if the neurotoxicity of CdCl2 or the neuroprotection of Kaempferol are mediated by modulating SIRT1 and/or PAPR1 activities. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that CdCl2-induced memory deficit and hippocampal damage are associated with downregulation/inhibition of SIRT1 and activation of PAPR1, an effect that can be reversed by co-treatment with Kaempferol. Rats (n = 12/group) were divided into 4 groups as control, control + Kaempferol (50 mg//kg), CdCl2 (0.5 mg/kg), and CdCl2 + Kaempferol. All treatments were administered orally for 30 days daily. As compared to control rats, CdCl2 reduced rat's final body weights (21.8%) and their food intake (30%), induced oxidative stress and apoptosis in their hippocampi, and impaired their short and long-term recognition memory functions. Besides, the hippocampi of CdCl2-treated rats had higher levels of TNF-α (197%), and IL-6 (190%) with a concomitant increase in nuclear activity and levels of NF-κB p65 (721% & 554%). Besides, they showed reduced nuclear activity (53%) and levels (74%) of SIRT1, higher nuclear activity and levels of PARP1 (292% & 138%), increased nuclear levels of p53 (870%), and higher acetylated levels of NF-κB p65 (513%), p53 (644%), PARP1 (696%), and FOXO-2 (149%). All these events were significantly reversed in the CdCl2 + Kaempferol-treated rats. Of note, Kaempferol also increased levels of MnSOD (73.5%), and GSH (40%), protein levels of Bcl-2 (350%), and nuclear activity (67%) and levels (46%) of SIRT1 in the hippocampi of the control rats. In conclusion, Kaempferol ameliorates CdCl2-induced memory deficits and hippocampal oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis by increasing SIRT1 activity and inhibiting PARP1 activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Attalla Farag El-Kott
- Department of Biology, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia; Department of Zoology, College of Science, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt
| | | | - Heba S Khalifa
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt
| | - Kareem Morsy
- Department of Biology, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia; Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Essam H Ibrahim
- Department of Biology, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia; Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia; Blood Products Quality Control and Research Department, National Organization for Research and Control of Biologicals, Cairo 12611, Egypt
| | - May Bin-Jumah
- Biology Department, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed M Abdel-Daim
- Department of Zoology, Science College, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Lotfi Aleya
- Chrono-Environnement Laboratory, UMR CNRS 6249, Bourgogne Franche-Comté University, F-25030 Besançon Cedex, France.
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26
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Patwa J, Flora SJS. Heavy Metal-Induced Cerebral Small Vessel Disease: Insights into Molecular Mechanisms and Possible Reversal Strategies. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21113862. [PMID: 32485831 PMCID: PMC7313017 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21113862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 05/24/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Heavy metals are considered a continuous threat to humanity, as they cannot be eradicated. Prolonged exposure to heavy metals/metalloids in humans has been associated with several health risks, including neurodegeneration, vascular dysfunction, metabolic disorders, cancer, etc. Small blood vessels are highly vulnerable to heavy metals as they are directly exposed to the blood circulatory system, which has comparatively higher concentration of heavy metals than other organs. Cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) is an umbrella term used to describe various pathological processes that affect the cerebral small blood vessels and is accepted as a primary contributor in associated disorders, such as dementia, cognitive disabilities, mood disorder, and ischemic, as well as a hemorrhagic stroke. In this review, we discuss the possible implication of heavy metals/metalloid exposure in CSVD and its associated disorders based on in-vitro, preclinical, and clinical evidences. We briefly discuss the CSVD, prevalence, epidemiology, and risk factors for development such as genetic, traditional, and environmental factors. Toxic effects of specific heavy metal/metalloid intoxication (As, Cd, Pb, Hg, and Cu) in the small vessel associated endothelium and vascular dysfunction too have been reviewed. An attempt has been made to highlight the possible molecular mechanism involved in the pathophysiology, such as oxidative stress, inflammatory pathway, matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) expression, and amyloid angiopathy in the CSVD and related disorders. Finally, we discussed the role of cellular antioxidant defense enzymes to neutralize the toxic effect, and also highlighted the potential reversal strategies to combat heavy metal-induced vascular changes. In conclusion, heavy metals in small vessels are strongly associated with the development as well as the progression of CSVD. Chelation therapy may be an effective strategy to reduce the toxic metal load and the associated complications.
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Mohammadi M, Manaheji H, Maghsoudi N, Danyali S, Baniasadi M, Zaringhalam J. Microglia dependent BDNF and proBDNF can impair spatial memory performance during persistent inflammatory pain. Behav Brain Res 2020; 390:112683. [PMID: 32442548 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2020.112683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2019] [Revised: 03/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Inflammatory pain is commonly associated with cognitive impairment. However, its molecular mechanisms are poorly understood. Thus, this study was conducted to investigate the molecular mechanisms of behavioral changes associated with inflammatory pain. Briefly, 36 Wistar rats were randomly divided into two main groups: CFA group treated with 100 μL of Complete Freunds' Adjuvant (CFA) and CFA + Minocycline group treated with 100 μL of CFA+40 mg/kg/day of minocycline). After that, each group was divided into three subgroups based on different time points of the study. The pain was induced using CFA and subsequent behavioral changes (i.e., hyperalgesia and learning and spatial memory) were analyzed by the Morris Water Maze (MWM) task and Radiant Heat. Then, the cellular and molecular changes were assessed using Western Blotting, Immunohistochemistry, and Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP Nick End Labeling (TUNEL) techniques. Results of the study indicated that CFA-induced pain impaired spatial learning and memory functions. Studying the cellular changes showed that persistent inflammatory pain increased the microglial activity in CA1 and Dentate Gyrus (DG) regions. Furthermore, an increase was observed in the percentage of TUNEL-positive cells. Also, pro-Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF)/BDNF ratio, Caspase3, and Receptor-Interacting Protein kinase 3 (RIP3) levels increased in the rats' hippocampus following induction of persistent inflammatory pain. These changes were reversed following the cessation of pain as well as the injection of minocycline. Taking together, the results of the current study for the first time revealed that an increase in the microglia dependent proBDNF/BDNF ratio following persistent inflammatory pain leads to cell death of the CA1 and DG neurons that subsequently causes a cognitive deficit in the learning and spatial memory functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mola Mohammadi
- Physiology Department, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Neurophysiology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Homa Manaheji
- Physiology Department, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Neurophysiology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nader Maghsoudi
- Department of Biology, Queens College and Graduate Center of the City University of New York, Flushing, NY, USA; Neurobiology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Samira Danyali
- Physiology Department, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Neurophysiology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mansoureh Baniasadi
- Physiology Department, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Neurophysiology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Jalal Zaringhalam
- Physiology Department, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Neurophysiology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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28
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Muñoz-Arenas G, Pulido G, Treviño S, Vázquez-Roque R, Flores G, Moran C, Handal-Silva A, Guevara J, Venegas B, Díaz A. Effects of metformin on recognition memory and hippocampal neuroplasticity in rats with metabolic syndrome. Synapse 2020; 74:e22153. [PMID: 32190918 DOI: 10.1002/syn.22153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2020] [Revised: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MS) is a health problem that is characterized by body fat accumulation, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and hyperglycemia; recently, it has been demonstrated that MS also damages memory processes. The first-line drug in the treatment of MS and type 2 diabetes mellitus is metformin, which is an antihyperglycemic agent. This drug has been shown to produce neuroprotection and to improve memory processes. However, the mechanism involved in this neuroprotection is unknown. A 90-day administration of metformin improved the cognitive processes of rats with MS as evaluated by the novel object recognition test, and this finding could be explained by an increase in the neuronal spine density and spine length. We also found that metformin increased the immunoreactivity of synaptophysin, sirtuin-1, AMP-activated protein kinase, and brain-derived neuronal factor, which are important plasticity markers. We conclude that metformin is an important therapeutic agent that increases neural plasticity and protects cognitive processes. The use of this drug is important in the minimization of the damage caused by MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guadalupe Muñoz-Arenas
- Facultad de Ciencias Quimicas, Benemerita Universidad Autonoma de Puebla, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Guadalupe Pulido
- Facultad de Ciencias Quimicas, Benemerita Universidad Autonoma de Puebla, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Samuel Treviño
- Facultad de Ciencias Quimicas, Benemerita Universidad Autonoma de Puebla, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Rubén Vázquez-Roque
- Laboratorio de Neuropsiquiatria, Instituto de Fisiologia, Benemerita Universidad Autonoma de Puebla, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Gonzalo Flores
- Laboratorio de Neuropsiquiatria, Instituto de Fisiologia, Benemerita Universidad Autonoma de Puebla, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Carolina Moran
- Laboratorio de Histologia, Instituto de Ciencias, Benemerita Universidad Autonoma de Puebla, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Anabella Handal-Silva
- Departamento de Biologia y Toxicologia de la Reproduccion, Instituto de Ciencias, Benemerita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Jorge Guevara
- Departamento de Bioquimica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de México, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
| | - Berenice Venegas
- Facultad de Ciencias Biologicas, Benemerita Universidad Autonoma de Puebla, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Alfonso Díaz
- Facultad de Ciencias Quimicas, Benemerita Universidad Autonoma de Puebla, Puebla, Mexico
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