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Zhang Y, Ge F, Luo Y, Ji X, Liu Z, Qiu Y, Hou J, Zhou R, Zhao C, Xu Q, Zhang S, Yu X, Wang C, Ge D, Meng F, Tao X. Paeonol and glycyrrhizic acid in combination ameliorate the recurrent nitroglycerin-induced migraine-like phenotype in rats by regulating the GABBR2/TRPM8/PRKACA/TRPV1 pathway. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 334:118464. [PMID: 38908492 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 06/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/24/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Paeonol (PAE) and glycyrrhizic acid (GLY) are predominate components of 14 blood-entering ones of Piantongtang No. 1, which is a traditional Chinese medicine prescription for chronic migraine with minimal side effects. Both paeonol and glycyrrhizic acid exhibit analgesic, neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory properties individually. Our previous research has highlighted their combined effect (PAE + GLY) in ameliorating migraine symptoms. However, there are not yet any studies exploring the mechanism of action of PAE + GLY in the treatment of migraine. AIM OF THE STUDY This research aimed to determine the mechanism of PAE + GLY in ameliorating the recurrent nitroglycerin-induced migraine-like phenotype in rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS Using a nitroglycerin-induced migraine model via subcutaneous injection in the neck, we evaluated the effect of PAE + GLY on migraine-like symptoms. Behavioural tests and biomarkers analysis were employed, alongside transcriptome sequencing (RNA-seq). Mechanistic insights were further verified utilising reverse transcription quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR), Western blot (WB), ELISA and immunofluorescence (IF) techniques. RESULTS Following treatment with PAE + GLY, hyperalgesia threshold and 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) levels increased, and migraine-like head scratching, histamine and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) levels were reduced. RNA-Seq experiments revealed that PAE + GLY upregulated the expression of Glutamate decarboxylase 2 (GAD2) and γ-aminobutyric acid type B receptor subunit 2 (GABBR2) genes. This upregulation activated the GABAergic synapse pathway, effectively inhibiting migraine attacks. Further validation demonstrated an increase in γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) content in cerebrospinal fluid post PAE + GLY treatment, coupled with increased expression of dural GAD2, GABBR2 and transient receptor potential channel M8 (TRPM8). Consequently, this inhibited the expression of dural cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha (PRKACA) and transient receptor potential channel type 1 (TRPV1), subsequently downregulating p-ERK1/2, p-AKT1, IL-1β and TNF-α. CONCLUSIONS Our findings underscore that PAE + GLY ameliorates inflammatory hyperalgesia migraine by upregulating inhibitory neurotransmitters and modulating the GABBR2/TRPM8/PRKACA/TRPV1 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Zhang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Fei Ge
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Yamin Luo
- Bejing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Xuenian Ji
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Zijian Liu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Yuehua Qiu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Jianchen Hou
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Ranran Zhou
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Caihong Zhao
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Qianwei Xu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100089, China
| | - Shujing Zhang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Xue Yu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Chunguo Wang
- Bejing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Dongyu Ge
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Fengxian Meng
- Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100078, China
| | - Xiaohua Tao
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China; Research Institute of Chinese Medicine Literature, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China.
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Chindo BA, Yakubu MI, Jimoh AA, Waziri PM, Abdullahi I, Ayuba GI, Becker A. Ficus platyphylla alleviates seizure severity and neurobehavioral comorbidities in pentylenetetrazole-kindled rats via modulation of oxidative stress. Brain Res 2024; 1838:148994. [PMID: 38729331 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2024.148994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2024] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
PTZ kindling induces oxidative stress, neuronal cell degeneration, and neurobehavioral alterations in rodents that mimic neuropsychiatric comorbidities of epilepsy, which could be initiated or aggravated by some antiepileptic drugs. Here, we investigated the effects of the methanol extract of Ficus platyphylla (FP) on severity scores for seizures, neuronal cell degeneration, and neurobehavioral alterations in rats kindled with pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) and probed the involvement of oxidative stress in these ameliorative effects of FP. FP (50 and 100 mg/kg, p.o.) ameliorated seizure severity, neuronal cell degeneration, depressive behaviors, cognitive dysfunctions, and oxidative stress in rats kindled with PTZ (42.5 mg/kg, i.p.). The findings from this study give additional insights into the potential values of FP in the treatment of persistent epilepsy and major neuropsychiatric comorbidities via modulation of oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben A Chindo
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kaduna State University, Kaduna, Nigeria.
| | - Musa I Yakubu
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kaduna State University, Kaduna, Nigeria
| | - Abdulfatai A Jimoh
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kaduna State University, Kaduna, Nigeria
| | - Peter M Waziri
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kaduna State University, Kaduna, Nigeria
| | - Idris Abdullahi
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kaduna State University, Kaduna, Nigeria
| | - Godwin I Ayuba
- Department of Anatomic Pathology and Forensic Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaduna State University, Kaduna, Nigeria
| | - Axel Becker
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Otto-von-Guericke University, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
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Huang S, Chen Y, Wang Y, Pan S, Lu Y, Gao W, Hu X, Fang Q. Diet-derived circulating antioxidants and risk of epilepsy: a Mendelian randomization study. Front Neurol 2024; 15:1422409. [PMID: 39036635 PMCID: PMC11258006 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2024.1422409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Previous studies suggest a link between diet-derived circulating antioxidants and epilepsy, but the causal relationship is unclear. This study aims to investigate the causal effect of these antioxidants on epilepsy. Methods To assess the causal link between dietary antioxidants and epilepsy risk, we conducted a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis. This involved examining antioxidants such as zinc, selenium, α- and γ-tocopherol, vitamin A (retinol), vitamin C (ascorbate), and vitamin E (α-tocopherol). We utilized instrumental variables (IVs) which were genetic variations highly associated with these commonly used antioxidants. Exposure data were sourced from a comprehensive genome-wide association study (GWAS). We aggregated data from the International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE) Consortium sample, which included various types of epilepsy, as an outcome variable. Finally, we applied the inverse variance weighting method and conducted sensitivity analyses for further validation. Results Based on the primary MR estimates and subsequent sensitivity analyses, the inverse variance weighting (IVW) method revealed that a genetically predicted increase in zinc per standard deviation was positively associated with three types of epilepsy. This includes all types of epilepsy (OR = 1.06, 95% CI: 1.02-1.11, p = 0.008), generalized epilepsy (OR = 1.13, 95% CI: 1.01-1.25, p = 0.030), and focal epilepsy (documented hippocampal sclerosis) (OR = 1.01, 95% CI: 1.00-1.02, p = 0.025). However, there is no evidence indicating that other antioxidants obtained from the diet affect the increase of epilepsy either positively or negatively. Conclusion Our research indicates that the risk of developing epilepsy may be directly linked to the genetic prediction of zinc, whereas no such association was found for other antioxidants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shicun Huang
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yingqi Chen
- Department of Neurology, Suzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Suzhou, China
| | - Yiqing Wang
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Shengjie Pan
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yeting Lu
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Wei Gao
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xiaowei Hu
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Qi Fang
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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Wu R, Liu Y, Zhang F, Dai S, Xue X, Peng C, Li Y, Li Y. Protective mechanism of Paeonol on central nervous system. Phytother Res 2024; 38:470-488. [PMID: 37872838 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.8049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
Cerebrovascular diseases involve neuronal damage, resulting in degenerative neuropathy and posing a serious threat to human health. The discovery of effective drug components from natural plants and the study of their mechanism are a research idea different from chemical synthetic medicines. Paeonol is the main active component of traditional Chinese medicine Paeonia lactiflora Pall. It widely exists in many medicinal plants and has pharmacological effects such as anti-atherosclerosis, antiplatelet aggregation, anti-oxidation, and anti-inflammatory, which keeps generally used in the treatment of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Based on the therapeutic effects of Paeonol for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, this article reviewed the pharmacological effects of Paeonol in Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, stroke, epilepsy, diabetes encephalopathy, and other neurological diseases, providing a reference for the research of the mechanism of Paeonol in central nervous system diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yanfang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Fang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Shu Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xinyan Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Cheng Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yunxia Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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Wang Y, Hu J, Wu S, Fleishman JS, Li Y, Xu Y, Zou W, Wang J, Feng Y, Chen J, Wang H. Targeting epigenetic and posttranslational modifications regulating ferroptosis for the treatment of diseases. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:449. [PMID: 38072908 PMCID: PMC10711040 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01720-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Ferroptosis, a unique modality of cell death with mechanistic and morphological differences from other cell death modes, plays a pivotal role in regulating tumorigenesis and offers a new opportunity for modulating anticancer drug resistance. Aberrant epigenetic modifications and posttranslational modifications (PTMs) promote anticancer drug resistance, cancer progression, and metastasis. Accumulating studies indicate that epigenetic modifications can transcriptionally and translationally determine cancer cell vulnerability to ferroptosis and that ferroptosis functions as a driver in nervous system diseases (NSDs), cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), liver diseases, lung diseases, and kidney diseases. In this review, we first summarize the core molecular mechanisms of ferroptosis. Then, the roles of epigenetic processes, including histone PTMs, DNA methylation, and noncoding RNA regulation and PTMs, such as phosphorylation, ubiquitination, SUMOylation, acetylation, methylation, and ADP-ribosylation, are concisely discussed. The roles of epigenetic modifications and PTMs in ferroptosis regulation in the genesis of diseases, including cancers, NSD, CVDs, liver diseases, lung diseases, and kidney diseases, as well as the application of epigenetic and PTM modulators in the therapy of these diseases, are then discussed in detail. Elucidating the mechanisms of ferroptosis regulation mediated by epigenetic modifications and PTMs in cancer and other diseases will facilitate the development of promising combination therapeutic regimens containing epigenetic or PTM-targeting agents and ferroptosis inducers that can be used to overcome chemotherapeutic resistance in cancer and could be used to prevent other diseases. In addition, these mechanisms highlight potential therapeutic approaches to overcome chemoresistance in cancer or halt the genesis of other diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumin Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Aerospace Center Hospital, Peking University Aerospace School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Jing Hu
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300060, PR China
| | - Shuang Wu
- Department of Neurology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430000, PR China
| | - Joshua S Fleishman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY, 11439, USA
| | - Yulin Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Aerospace Center Hospital, Peking University Aerospace School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Yinshi Xu
- Department of Outpatient, Aerospace Center Hospital, Peking University Aerospace School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Wailong Zou
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Aerospace Center Hospital, Peking University Aerospace School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Jinhua Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Target and Screening Research, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, PR China.
| | - Yukuan Feng
- Department of Pancreatic Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, 300060, PR China.
| | - Jichao Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Aerospace Center Hospital, Peking University Aerospace School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, 100049, PR China.
| | - Hongquan Wang
- Department of Pancreatic Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, 300060, PR China.
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de Melo AD, Freire VAF, Diogo ÍL, Santos HDL, Barbosa LA, de Carvalho LED. Antioxidant Therapy Reduces Oxidative Stress, Restores Na,K-ATPase Function and Induces Neuroprotection in Rodent Models of Seizure and Epilepsy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1397. [PMID: 37507936 PMCID: PMC10376594 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12071397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Epilepsy is a neurological disorder characterized by epileptic seizures resulting from neuronal hyperexcitability, which may be related to failures in Na,K-ATPase activity and oxidative stress participation. We conducted this study to investigate the impact of antioxidant therapy on oxidative stress, Na,K-ATPase activity, seizure factors, and mortality in rodent seizure/epilepsy models induced by pentylenetetrazol (PTZ), pilocarpine (PILO), and kainic acid (KA). After screening 561 records in the MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, Science Direct, and Scopus databases, 22 were included in the systematic review following the PRISMA guidelines. The meta-analysis included 14 studies and showed that in epileptic animals there was an increase in the oxidizing agents nitric oxide (NO) and malondialdehyde (MDA), with a reduction in endogenous antioxidants reduced glutathione (GSH) and superoxide dismutase (SO). The Na,K-ATPase activity was reduced in all areas evaluated. Antioxidant therapy reversed all of these parameters altered by seizure or epilepsy induction. In addition, there was a percentage decrease in the number of seizures and mortality, and a meta-analysis showed a longer seizure latency in animals using antioxidant therapy. Thus, this study suggests that the use of antioxidants promotes neuroprotective effects and mitigates the effects of epilepsy. The protocol was registered in the Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) CRD42022356960.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anderson Dutra de Melo
- Departamento de Ciências e Linguagens, Instituto Federal de Minas Gerais, Bambui 38900-000, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Laboratório de Bioquímica Celular, Universidade Federal de São João Del Rei, Divinopolis 35501-296, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Victor Antonio Ferreira Freire
- Laboratório de Bioquímica Celular, Universidade Federal de São João Del Rei, Divinopolis 35501-296, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Ítalo Leonardo Diogo
- Laboratório de Bioquímica Celular, Universidade Federal de São João Del Rei, Divinopolis 35501-296, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Hérica de Lima Santos
- Laboratório de Bioquímica Celular, Universidade Federal de São João Del Rei, Divinopolis 35501-296, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Leandro Augusto Barbosa
- Laboratório de Bioquímica Celular, Universidade Federal de São João Del Rei, Divinopolis 35501-296, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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Madireddy S, Madireddy S. Therapeutic Strategies to Ameliorate Neuronal Damage in Epilepsy by Regulating Oxidative Stress, Mitochondrial Dysfunction, and Neuroinflammation. Brain Sci 2023; 13:brainsci13050784. [PMID: 37239256 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13050784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Epilepsy is a central nervous system disorder involving spontaneous and recurring seizures that affects 50 million individuals globally. Because approximately one-third of patients with epilepsy do not respond to drug therapy, the development of new therapeutic strategies against epilepsy could be beneficial. Oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction are frequently observed in epilepsy. Additionally, neuroinflammation is increasingly understood to contribute to the pathogenesis of epilepsy. Mitochondrial dysfunction is also recognized for its contributions to neuronal excitability and apoptosis, which can lead to neuronal loss in epilepsy. This review focuses on the roles of oxidative damage, mitochondrial dysfunction, NAPDH oxidase, the blood-brain barrier, excitotoxicity, and neuroinflammation in the development of epilepsy. We also review the therapies used to treat epilepsy and prevent seizures, including anti-seizure medications, anti-epileptic drugs, anti-inflammatory therapies, and antioxidant therapies. In addition, we review the use of neuromodulation and surgery in the treatment of epilepsy. Finally, we present the role of dietary and nutritional strategies in the management of epilepsy, including the ketogenic diet and the intake of vitamins, polyphenols, and flavonoids. By reviewing available interventions and research on the pathophysiology of epilepsy, this review points to areas of further development for therapies that can manage epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahithi Madireddy
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
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8
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El-Sayed RM, Fawzy MN, Zaki HF, Abd El-Haleim EA. Neuroprotection impact of biochanin A against pentylenetetrazol-kindled mice: Targeting NLRP3 inflammasome/TXNIP pathway and autophagy modulation. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 115:109711. [PMID: 36640710 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.109711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Recurrent seizures characterize epilepsy, a complicated and multifaceted neurological disease. Several neurological alterations, such as cell death and the growth of gorse fibers, have been linked to epilepsy. The dentate gyrus of the hippocampus is particularly vulnerable to neuronal loss and abnormal neuroplastic changes in the pentylenetetrazol (PTZ) kindling model. Biochanin A has potent anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, according to previous evidence and its possible impact in epilepsy has never previously been claimed. The current work aimed to investigate biochanin A's anti-epileptic potential in PTZ-induced kindling model in mice. Chronic epilepsy was established in mice by giving PTZ (35 mg/kg, i.p) every other day for 21 days. Biochanin A (20 mg/kg) was given daily till the end of the experiment. Biochanin A pretreatment significantly reduced the severity of epileptogenesis by 51.7% and downregulated the histological changes in the CA3 region of the hippocampus by 42% along with displaying antioxidant/anti-inflammatory efficacy through upregulated hemeoxygenase-1 (HO-1) and, erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) levels in the brain by 1.9-fold and 2-fold respectively, parallel to reduction of malondialdehyde (MDA), myeloperoxidase (MPO), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and L-glutamate/IL-1β/TXNIB/NLRP3 axis. Moreover, biochanin A suppressed neuronal damage by reducing the astrocytes' activation and significantly attenuated the PTZ-induced increase in LC3 levels by 55.5%. Furthermore, molecular docking findings revealed that BIOCHANIN A has a higher affinity for phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3k), threonine kinase2 (AKT2), and mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) indicating the neuroprotective and anti-epileptic characteristics of biochanin A in the brain tissue of PTZ-kindled mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rehab M El-Sayed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sinai University, El-Arish, Egypt
| | - Mohamed N Fawzy
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sinai University, El-Arish, Egypt.
| | - Hala F Zaki
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Enas A Abd El-Haleim
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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Shi R, Gao D, Stoika R, Liu K, Sik A, Jin M. Potential implications of polyphenolic compounds in neurodegenerative diseases. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 64:5491-5514. [PMID: 36524397 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2155106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases are common chronic diseases related to progressive damage to the nervous system. Current neurodegenerative diseases present difficulties and despite extensive research efforts to develop new disease-modifying therapies, there is still no effective treatment for halting the neurodegenerative process. Polyphenols are biologically active organic compounds abundantly found in various plants. It has been reported that plant-derived dietary polyphenols may improve some disease states and promote health. Emerging pieces of evidence indicate that polyphenols are associated with neurodegenerative diseases. This review aims to overview the potential neuroprotective roles of polyphenols in most common neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, epilepsy, and ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruidie Shi
- Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Ji'nan, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
- Engineering Research Center of Zebrafish Models for Human Diseases and Drug Screening of Shandong Province, Ji'nan, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Daili Gao
- Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Ji'nan, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
- Engineering Research Center of Zebrafish Models for Human Diseases and Drug Screening of Shandong Province, Ji'nan, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Rostyslav Stoika
- Department of Regulation of Cell Proliferation and Apoptosis, Institute of Cell Biology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Kechun Liu
- Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Ji'nan, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
- Engineering Research Center of Zebrafish Models for Human Diseases and Drug Screening of Shandong Province, Ji'nan, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Attila Sik
- Institute of Transdisciplinary Discoveries, Medical School, University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary
- Institute of Clinical Sciences, Medical School, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- Institute of Physiology, Medical School, University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary
| | - Meng Jin
- Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Ji'nan, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
- Engineering Research Center of Zebrafish Models for Human Diseases and Drug Screening of Shandong Province, Ji'nan, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
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Tetrapleura tetraptera curtails oxidative and proinflammatory biochemical events in lithium-pilocarpine model of status epilepticus. ADVANCES IN TRADITIONAL MEDICINE 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s13596-022-00675-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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11
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Paeonol exerts neuroprotective and anticonvulsant effects in intrahippocampal kainate model of temporal lobe epilepsy. J Chem Neuroanat 2022; 124:102121. [PMID: 35718291 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchemneu.2022.102121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) is presented the most common form of focal epilepsy with involvement of oxidative stress and neuroinflammation as important factors in its development. About one third of epileptic patients are intractable to currently available medications. Paeonol isolated from some herbs with traditional and medicinal uses has shown anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory effects in different models of neurological disorders. In this research, we tried to evaluate the possible protective effect of paeonol in intrahippocampal kainate murine model of TLE. To induce TLE, kainate was microinjected into CA3 area of the hippocampus and paeonol was administered at two doses of 30 or 50mg/kg. The results of this study showed that paeonol at the higher dose significantly reduces incidence of status epilepticus, hippocampal aberrant mossy fiber sprouting and also preserves neuronal density. Beneficial protective effect of paeonol was in parallel with partial reversal of some hippocampal oxidative stress markers (reactive oxygen species and malondialdehyde), caspase 1, glial fibrillary acidic protein, heme oxygenase 1, DNA fragmentation, and inflammation-associated factors (nuclear factor-kappa B, toll-like receptor 4, and tumor necrosis factor α). Our obtained data indicated anticonvulsant and neuroprotective effects of paeonol which is somewhat attributed to its anti-oxidative and anti-inflammation properties besides its attenuation of apoptosis, pyroptosis, and astrocyte activity.
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The Polysaccharides from the Aerial Parts of Bupleurum chinense DC Attenuate Epilepsy-Like Behavior through Oxidative Stress Signaling Pathways. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:7907814. [PMID: 35432728 PMCID: PMC9010214 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7907814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Bupleurum chinense DC. is a traditional Chinese medicine with a long medicinal history and is often used as the main ingredient in prescription drugs for epilepsy. The aerial parts of B. chinense DC. have similar efficacy and composition to B. chinense DC. Therefore, we speculated that the aerial parts of B. chinense DC. could be used in the treatment of epilepsy. Polysaccharides from the aerial parts of B. chinense DC. were selected to explore their therapeutic effects on epilepsy and their potential mechanism of action. The study is aimed at clarifying the antiepileptic effects of the polysaccharides from the aerial parts of B. chinense DC. and their potential underlying mechanisms. The chemical profile of the aerial parts of B. chinense DC. polysaccharides (ABP) was characterized by FT-IR spectrum and HPLC chromatogram. To determine the therapeutic effects of ABPs on epilepsy, we established a kainic acid- (KA-) induced rat model of epilepsy, and through H&E staining, Nissl staining, immunohistochemistry, biochemical analysis, ELISA, and Western blot analysis, we explored the mechanisms underlying the therapeutic effects of ABPs on epilepsy. The monosaccharide content of ABP included galacturonic acid (45.19%), galactose (36.63%), arabinose rhamnose (12.13%), and mannose (6.05%). Moreover, the average molecular weight of ABP was 1.38 × 103 kDa. ABP could improve hippocampal injuries and neuronal function in the KA-induced epilepsy rat model. ABP significantly inhibited oxidative stress in the hippocampus of KA-induced rats. More importantly, ABP could regulate TREM2 activation in the PI3K/Akt/GSK-3β pathway to inhibit neuronal apoptosis, including increasing the expression of superoxide dismutase and lactate dehydrogenase and decreasing the expression of malondialdehyde. The current study defined the potential role of ABP in inhibiting the development of epilepsy, indicating that ABP could upregulate TREM2 to alleviate neuronal apoptosis, by activating the PI3K/Akt/GSK-3β pathway and oxidative stress in epilepsy.
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Gu Y, Chen K, Xi B, Xie J, Bing X. Paeonol increases the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory capacity of gibel carp (Carassius auratus gibelio) challenged with Aeromonas hydrophila. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2022; 123:479-488. [PMID: 35314333 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2022.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Paeonol, a naturally occurring polyphenol isolated from medical plant, has been known to exhibit anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory effects. In order to evaluate the effect of paeonol on Carassius auratus gibelio infected by pathogenic bacteria Aeromonas hydriphila. 750 fish were randomly divided into 5 groups, which separately treated with 0.85% sterile saline (blank), A. hydriphila (negative control), A. hydriphila with paeonol (4 mg/kg, 64 mg/kg), and A. hydriphila with enrofloxacin (12 mg/kg, positive control). Fish were anaesthetized with MS-222 (100 mg/L), and samples were collected at 6 and 72 h after A. hydriphila challenge. The results showed that compared with the negative group, the survival in paeonol groups marked increased by 14.75% and 18.94%. The plasma immunoglobulin M (IgM) was notably increased, and low density lipoprotein (LDL) was significantly decreased in paeonol groups at 6 h (P < 0.05). The antioxidative enzymes catalase (CAT), total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) were significantly increased in paeonol groups at 6 h, while malondialdehyde (MDA) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) contents were lower (P < 0.05). The inflammatory related genes MyD88 and TLR-5 were significantly downregulated, and the TLR-3 was significantly increased in paeonol groups at 72 h (P < 0.05). In addition, histopathological analyses showed that the lesion in liver, spleen and caudal kidney were considerably attenuated in paeonol groups. In conclusion, paeonol could increase the survival rate, mitigate oxidative damage, inflammation, tissue lesions, and improve the immunity of gibel carp challenged with A. hydrophila.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yipeng Gu
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, China
| | - Kai Chen
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China
| | - Bingwen Xi
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, China; Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China.
| | - Jun Xie
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, China; Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China.
| | - Xuwen Bing
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China
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Yuan C, Xu X, Wang N, Zhu Q, Zhang J, Gong W, Ding Y, Xiao W, Chen W, Lu G, Yao G, Pan J, Wu K. Paeonol protects against acute pancreatitis by inhibiting M1 macrophage polarization via the NLRP3 inflammasomes pathway. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2022; 600:35-43. [PMID: 35182973 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2022.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The excessive inflammatory response mediated by macrophage is one of the key factors for the progress of acute pancreatitis (AP). Paeonol (Pae) was demonstrated to exert multiple anti-inflammatory effects. However, the role of Pae on AP is not clear. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the protective effect and mechanism of Pae on AP in vivo and vitro. In the caerulein-induced mild acute pancreatitis (MAP) model, we found that Pae administration reduced serum levels of amylase, lipase, IL-1β and IL-6 and alleviated the histopathological manifestations of pancreatic tissue in a dose-dependent manner. And Pae decrease the ROS generated, restore mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm), inhibit M1 macrophage polarization and NLRP3 inflammasome in bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) in vitro. In addition, specific NLRP3 inhibitor MCC950 eliminated the protective effect of Pae on AP induced by caerulein in mice. Correspondingly, the inhibitory effect of Pae on ROS generated and M1 polarization was not observed in BMDMs with MCC950 in vitro. Taken together, our datas for the first time confirmed the protective effects of Pae on AP via the NLRP3 inflammasomes Pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenchen Yuan
- Pancreatic Center, Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China; Yangzhou Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Institute of Digestive Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, China
| | - Xingmeng Xu
- Pancreatic Center, Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China; Yangzhou Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Institute of Digestive Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, China
| | - Ningzhi Wang
- Pancreatic Center, Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China; Yangzhou Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Institute of Digestive Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, China
| | - Qingtian Zhu
- Pancreatic Center, Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China; Yangzhou Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Institute of Digestive Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, China
| | - Junxian Zhang
- Pancreatic Center, Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China; Yangzhou Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Institute of Digestive Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, China
| | - Weijuan Gong
- Pancreatic Center, Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China; Yangzhou Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Institute of Digestive Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, China
| | - Yanbing Ding
- Pancreatic Center, Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China; Yangzhou Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Institute of Digestive Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, China
| | - Weiming Xiao
- Pancreatic Center, Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China; Yangzhou Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Institute of Digestive Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, China
| | - Weiwei Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Guotao Lu
- Pancreatic Center, Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China; Yangzhou Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Institute of Digestive Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, China
| | - Guanghuai Yao
- Pancreatic Center, Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China; Yangzhou Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Institute of Digestive Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, China.
| | - Jiajia Pan
- Yangzhou Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Institute of Digestive Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, China; Department of Intensive Care Unit, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.
| | - Keyan Wu
- Pancreatic Center, Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China; Yangzhou Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Institute of Digestive Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, China.
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Pourmohammadi S, Roghani M, Kiasalari Z, Khalili M. Paeonol Ameliorates Cuprizone-Induced Hippocampal Demyelination and Cognitive Deficits through Inhibition of Oxidative and Inflammatory Events. J Mol Neurosci 2022; 72:748-758. [PMID: 35001353 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-021-01951-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic and inflammatory disorder of the central nervous system with autoimmune nature that is typified by varying degrees of demyelination and axonal damage. Paeonol is an active ingredient in some medicinal plants with anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective property. This study was conducted to reveal whether paeonol can alleviate hippocampal demyelination and cognitive deficits in cuprizone-induced murine model of demyelination as a model of MS. C57BL/6 mice received oral cuprizone (400 mg/kg) for 6 weeks, and paeonol was administered p.o. at two doses of 25 or 100 mg/kg, starting from the second week post-cuprizone for 5 weeks. After assessment of learning and memory in different tasks, oxidative stress and inflammation were evaluated besides immunohistochemical assessment of hippocampal myelin basic protein (MBP). Paeonol (100 mg/kg) properly ameliorated cognitive deficits in Y maze, novel object discrimination (NOD) test, and Barnes maze with no significant improvement of performance in passive avoidance task. In addition, paeonol treatment at the higher dose was also associated with partial restoration of hippocampal level of oxidative stress and inflammatory markers including MDA, ROS, GSH, SOD, catalase, NF-kB, and TNF. Besides, paeonol improved MMP as an index of mitochondrial integrity and health and reduced MPO as a factor of neutrophil infiltration. Furthermore, paeonol treatment prevented hippocampal MBP immunoreactivity, indicating its prevention of demyelination. In conclusion, the current study showed the preventive effect of paeonol against cuprizone-induced demyelination and cognitive deficits through reversing most oxidative stress- and inflammation-related parameters in addition to its improvement of mitochondrial health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soosan Pourmohammadi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Roghani
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Zahra Kiasalari
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohsen Khalili
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
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Anticonvulsive Effects of Chondroitin Sulfate on Pilocarpine and Pentylenetetrazole Induced Epileptogenesis in Mice. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26226773. [PMID: 34833865 PMCID: PMC8622985 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26226773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Chondroitin sulfate is a proteoglycan component of the extracellular matrix (ECM) that supports neuronal and non-neuronal cell activity, provides a negative domain to the extracellular matrix, regulates the intracellular positive ion concentration, and maintains the hypersynchronous epileptiform activity. Therefore, the present study hypothesized an antiepileptic potential of chondroitin sulfate (CS) in pentylenetetrazole-induced kindled epilepsy and pilocarpine-induced status epilepticus in mice. Levels of various oxidative stress markers and inflammatory mediators were estimated in the brain tissue homogenate of mice, and histopathological changes were evaluated. Treatment with valproate (110 mg/kg; i.p.) as a standard drug and chondroitin sulfate (100 & 200 mg/kg, p.o.) significantly (p < 0.01) and dose-dependently prevented the severity of kindled and spontaneous recurrent seizures in mice. Additionally, chondroitin sulfate showed its antioxidant potential by restoring the various biochemical levels and anti-inflammatory properties by reducing NF-kB levels and pro-inflammatory mediators like TNF-alpha, IL-1β, and IL-6, indicating the neuroprotective effect as well as the suppressed levels of caspase-3, which indicated a neuroprotective treatment strategy in epilepsy. The proteoglycan chondroitin sulfate restores the normal physiology and configuration of the neuronal tissue. Further, the molecular docking of chondroitin sulfate at the active pockets of TNF-alpha, IL-1β, and IL-6 showed excellent interactions with critical amino acid residues. In conclusion, the present work provides preclinical evidence of chondroitin sulfate as a new therapeutic approach in attenuating and preventing seizures with a better understanding of the mechanism of alteration in ECM changes influencing abnormal neuronal activities.
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Mishra A, Bandopadhyay R, Singh PK, Mishra PS, Sharma N, Khurana N. Neuroinflammation in neurological disorders: pharmacotherapeutic targets from bench to bedside. Metab Brain Dis 2021; 36:1591-1626. [PMID: 34387831 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-021-00806-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Neuroinflammation is one of the host defensive mechanisms through which the nervous system protects itself from pathogenic and or infectious insults. Moreover, neuroinflammation occurs as one of the most common pathological outcomes in various neurological disorders, makes it the promising target. The present review focuses on elaborating the recent advancement in understanding molecular mechanisms of neuroinflammation and its role in the etiopathogenesis of various neurological disorders, especially Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), and Epilepsy. Furthermore, the current status of anti-inflammatory agents in neurological diseases has been summarized in light of different preclinical and clinical studies. Finally, possible limitations and future directions for the effective use of anti-inflammatory agents in neurological disorders have been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Awanish Mishra
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, 144411, India.
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Guwahati, Assam, 781101, India.
| | - Ritam Bandopadhyay
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, 144411, India
| | - Prabhakar Kumar Singh
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, 144411, India
| | - Pragya Shakti Mishra
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences (SGPGIMS), Raebareli Road, Lucknow, 226014, India
| | - Neha Sharma
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, 144411, India
| | - Navneet Khurana
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, 144411, India
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Lin CH, Hsieh CL. Chinese Herbal Medicine for Treating Epilepsy. Front Neurosci 2021; 15:682821. [PMID: 34276290 PMCID: PMC8284486 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.682821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Chinese herbal medicine has a long history of use for treating epilepsy. Because of the side effects of Western antiepileptic therapy and the quest for more accessible treatment, complementary and alternative medicines have become popular. Traditional Chinese medical diet therapy appears to be safe and effective. We searched PubMed and the Cochrane Library through November 2020 for the use of traditional Chinese medicine in clinical settings, including plants, fungi, and animals. Combinations of keywords included “epilepsy,” “seizure,” “antiepileptic,” “anticonvulsive,” “Chinese herbal medicine,” “Chinese herb,” and each of the Latin names, English names, and scientific names of herbs. We also summarized the sources and functions of these herbs in Chinese medicine. Different herbs can be combined to increase antiepileptic effects through various mechanisms, including anti-inflammation, antioxidation, GABAergic effect enhancement, modulation of NMDA channels and sodium channel, and neuroprotection. Despite reports of their anticonvulsive effects, adequate experimental evidence and randomized controlled clinical trials are required to confirm their antiepileptic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Hui Lin
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Liang Hsieh
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,Chinese Medicine Research Center, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Acupuncture Science, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
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Zhang Q, Shi H, Zhang J, Jiang C, Zhou C. The paeonol target gene autophagy-related 5 has a potential therapeutic value in psoriasis treatment. PeerJ 2021; 9:e11278. [PMID: 34113484 PMCID: PMC8162242 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.11278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Paeonol is a potent therapy for psoriasis. This study aimed to screen out paeonol-targeted genes in psoriasis and validate the potential of using paeonol for the management of psoriasis. Methods Microarray datasets were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the lesional skin samples and the overlapping genes between DEGs and paeonol- and psoriasis-related genes were defined as potential targets for psoriasis. After being treated with si-ATG5 and pc-ATG5, human HaCaT cells were treated with 100 ng/ml IL-22 and 10 ng/ml TNF-α with and without paeonol. Cell proliferation, apoptosis, and expression of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β, Beclin 1, ATG5, and p62 in HaCaT cells were determined using ESLIA, PCR, and Western blot analysis. Results A total of 779 DEGs were identified in the lesional skin samples compared with the non-lesional tissues. The autophagy-related 5 (ATG5) gene was the only gene that overlapped between the DEGs and genes related to paeonol and psoriasis. Cell proliferation, inflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and IL-1β), and ATG5 expression were increased in IL-22/TNF-α-stimulated HaCaT (model) cells compared with control. Paeonol treatment rescued all changes. si-ATG5 transfection increased inflammation and apoptosis in model cells compared with controls. pc-ATG5 prevented IL-22/TNF-α-induced changes in HaCaT cells. Also, si-ATG5 decreased p62 and Beclin 1 proteins, while pc-ATG5 increased them both. Conclusions ATG5-dependent autophagy plays a crucial role in psoriasis. The ATG5 gene might be a therapeutic target for the management of in vitro psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Hongqiao Shi
- Department of Dermatology, Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jiaan Zhang
- Institute of Dermatology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs,Chinese Academy of Medical Science&Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Chenxue Jiang
- School of Foreign Languages, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Chunxiang Zhou
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine and College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
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Sarahian N, Mohammadi MT, Darabi S, Faghihi N. Fenofibrate protects the neurovascular unit and ameliorates plasma corticosterone levels in pentylenetetrazole-induced kindling seizure in mice. Brain Res 2021; 1758:147343. [PMID: 33556377 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2021.147343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2020] [Revised: 01/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Epileptic seizures are the most common neurological diseases that change the function of neurovascular unit at molecular levels accompanied by activation of a wide variety of neurodegenerative cascades. Based on the pleiotropic functions of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha (PPARα), the current study evaluated the neuroprotective effects of fenofibrate (an effective PPARα agonist) on the brain injuries induced by pentylenetetrazole (PTZ)-induced kindling seizure. Adult male NMRI mice were randomly assigned into four groups (n = 14) as follows; control, untreated kindled mice (PTZ) and two fenofibrate-treated kindled groups. Repeated intraperitoneal injections of PTZ (45 mg/kg) were used to develop kindling seizure every 48 h for 21 days. Treated mice were administered orally fenofibrate at doses of 30 and 50 mg/kg/day during the study. Plasma corticosterone and brain levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), malondialdehyde (MDA) and mRNA transcription of p53, as well as blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability, were determined at termination of the study. Fenofibrate considerably improved seizure latency and anxiety-like behaviors in treated kindled mice. Fenofibrate at doses of 30 and 50 mg/kg significantly (P < 0.001) decreased plasma corticosterone (56.88 ± 0.80 and 54.81 ± 0.29 ng/mL, respectively) compared to PTZ group (74.96 ± 1.60 ng/mL). It also significantly (P < 0.05) decreased BDNF levels in both treatment groups (8.13 ± 0.14 and 8.74 ± 0.09 ng/mL, respectively) compared to PTZ group (9.68 ± 0.20 ng/mL). Fenofibrate particularly at higher dose significantly (P < 0.01) decreased MDA content and mRNA expression levels of p53 in treated kindled mice by 67% and 28%, respectively, compared to PTZ group. Similarly, 50 mg/kg fenofibrate significantly (P < 0.05) decreased Evans blue extravasation into brain in treated kindled mice (8.72 ± 0.96 µg/g) compared to PTZ group (15.31 ± 2.18 µg/g). Our results revealed the anticonvulsive and neuroprotective effects of fenofibrate in PTZ-induced kindling seizure in mice. Fenofibrate also improved the neurovascular functions at molecular levels in kindling seizure that might be associated with ameliorating the seizure behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nahid Sarahian
- Student Research Committee, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Taghi Mohammadi
- Student Research Committee, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Faculty of Medicine, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Neuroscience Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Shamsi Darabi
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran
| | - Nastaran Faghihi
- Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
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Gao Z, Li Z, Deng R, Liu Q, Xiao Q, Han J, Pu C, Zhang Y. Dexmedetomidine improves postoperative neurocognitive disorder after cardiopulmonary bypass in rats. Neurol Res 2021; 43:164-172. [PMID: 33076786 DOI: 10.1080/01616412.2020.1833154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate whether dexmedetomidine can improve postoperative neurocognitive function after cardiopulmonary bypass in rats. METHODS A total of 45 male Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into sham group, control group, and dexmedetomidine (Dex) group. The rats in the sham group received skin excision and blood vessel ligation treatment, rats in the control group received cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), and rats in the Dex group received CPB and Dex treatment. Morris water maze test and open-field tests were used to evaluate the rats' cognition. The expression of inflammatory mediators in the rats' central and peripheral regions, Aβ and Tau in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex, and apoptosis in brain tissue were measured. RESULTS The CPB model rats were found to have significantly decreased cognitive function, increased expression of caspase-3 and Bax in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus DG, increased apoptosis and activated microglia, and increased plasma levels of TNF-α, IL-6, and TNF-α. Dexmedetomidine reduced apoptosis in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus DG region of rats, decreased the expression of caspase-3 and bax, inhibited microglia activation in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus DG region of rats, and decreased the plasma levels of IL-β, IL-6, and TNF-α. CONCLUSIONS Dexmedetomidine plays a neuroprotective role by inhibiting inflammation, apoptosis, and microglia activation in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampal DG region, and attenuates the cognitive deficit identified in the control group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwei Gao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Hospital (T.C.M)) Affiliated to Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhengfen Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Hospital (T.C.M)) Affiliated to Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Rui Deng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Hospital (T.C.M)) Affiliated to Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Qing Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Hospital (T.C.M)) Affiliated to Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Qiuxia Xiao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Hospital (T.C.M)) Affiliated to Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Jiang Han
- Department of Anesthesiology, Hospital (T.C.M)) Affiliated to Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Cuixia Pu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Hospital (T.C.M)) Affiliated to Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Hospital (T.C.M)) Affiliated to Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
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Liu S, Li Y, Yi F, Liu Q, Chen N, He X, He C, Xiao P. Resveratrol oligomers from Paeonia suffruticosa protect mice against cognitive dysfunction by regulating cholinergic, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory pathways. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 260:112983. [PMID: 32442589 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.112983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Revised: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Paeonia suffruticosa Andr. has been widely used in traditional Chinese medicine as an anti-tumour, anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective agent. Resveratrol oligomers are the main components of the seed coat extracts of Paeonia suffruticosa (PSCE) and have DPPH free radical scavenging and β-secretase inhibitory activity. However, studies of its effect on ameliorating cognitive deficits are limited, and analyses of the underlying mechanisms are insufficient. AIM OF STUDY This study aimed to investigate the cholinesterase inhibitory activities of resveratrol oligomers from P. suffruticosa in vitro and their effects on diminishing the oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) -induced cytotoxicity in PC12 cells and scopolamine-induced cognitive deficits in mice. Moreover, the underlying mechanisms were further explored. MATERIALS AND METHODS In vitro, the inhibitory effects of PSCE and its 10 stilbenes on acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) were evaluated using the Ellman's assay, and its protective effects on normal and OGD/R-injured PC12 cells were evaluated using the MTT assay. For the in vivo assay, C57BL/6 mice were orally administered with PSCE at doses of 150 and 600 mg/kg for 28 days, and injected with scopolamine (1.5 mg/kg) to induce cognitive deficits. The memory behaviours were evaluated using the novel object recognition, Morris water maze and inhibitory avoidance test. Levels of various biochemical markers were also examined, including AChE, choline acetyltransferase (ChAT), acetylcholine (ACh), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione (GSH) in the mouse brain and interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-4 (IL-4) in serum. RESULTS PSCE and its 10 stilbenes display good inhibition of AChE and BuChE activities and significantly increase the viability of normal and OGD/R-injured PC12 cells. PSCE improves the cognitive performance of scopolamine-treated mice in behavioural tests. Meanwhile, PSCE increases AChE, ChAT, SOD, and CAT activities and ACh, GSH, IL-4 levels, and decreases IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α levels in the model animals. CONCLUSIONS Resveratrol oligomers from P. suffruticosa show neuroprotective effect in vitro and in vivo by regulating cholinergic, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory pathways, may have promising application in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuangshuang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100193, China.
| | - Yue Li
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100193, China.
| | - Fan Yi
- Beijing Key Lab of Plant Resource Research and Development, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, China.
| | - Qing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100193, China.
| | - Naihong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China.
| | - Xiaoli He
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100193, China.
| | - Chunnian He
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100193, China.
| | - Peigen Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100193, China.
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23
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Morsy MA, Abdel-Aziz AM, Abdel-Hafez SMN, Venugopala KN, Nair AB, Abdel-Gaber SA. The Possible Contribution of P-Glycoprotein in the Protective Effect of Paeonol against Methotrexate-Induced Testicular Injury in Rats. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2020; 13:ph13090223. [PMID: 32872504 PMCID: PMC7558391 DOI: 10.3390/ph13090223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Paeonol, a phenolic ingredient in the genus Paeonia, possesses antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. Methotrexate (MTX) is a commonly used chemotherapeutic agent; however, its germ cell damage is a critical problem. P-glycoprotein (P-gp), an efflux transporter, is a member of the blood–testis barrier. The present study evaluated the protective effect of paeonol on MTX-induced testicular injury in rats with the exploration of its mechanism and the possible contribution of P-gp in such protection. Testicular weight, serum testosterone, and testicular P-gp levels were measured. Testicular oxidant/antioxidant status was evaluated via determining the levels of malondialdehyde, total nitrite, reduced glutathione, and superoxide dismutase activity. The inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and the apoptotic marker caspase 3 were estimated immunohistochemically. Testicular histopathology and spermatogenesis scores were also examined. MTX caused histopathologically evident testicular damage with decreased testicular weight, testosterone level, and spermatogenesis score, as well as significant increases in oxidative, inflammatory, and apoptotic responses. Paeonol significantly restored testicular weight, testosterone level, spermatogenesis score, and oxidant/antioxidant balance. Moreover, paeonol increased the testicular P-gp level and significantly decreased TNF-α and caspase 3 immunostaining. In conclusion, paeonol offered a protective effect against MTX-induced testicular injury through its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiapoptotic effects, as well as by increasing testicular P-gp level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A. Morsy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia; (K.N.V.); (A.B.N.)
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, El-Minia 61511, Egypt; (A.M.A.-A.); (S.A.A.-G.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +966-5496-72245
| | - Asmaa M. Abdel-Aziz
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, El-Minia 61511, Egypt; (A.M.A.-A.); (S.A.A.-G.)
| | - Sara M. N. Abdel-Hafez
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, El-Minia 61511, Egypt;
| | - Katharigatta N. Venugopala
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia; (K.N.V.); (A.B.N.)
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Technology, Durban University of Technology, Durban 4001, South Africa
| | - Anroop B. Nair
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia; (K.N.V.); (A.B.N.)
| | - Seham A. Abdel-Gaber
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, El-Minia 61511, Egypt; (A.M.A.-A.); (S.A.A.-G.)
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Anti-epileptic activity of daidzin in PTZ-induced mice model by targeting oxidative stress and BDNF/VEGF signaling. Neurotoxicology 2020; 79:150-163. [PMID: 32450180 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2020.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Revised: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Epilepsy is a complex and multifactorial neurodegenerative disease described by recurrent seizures. Oxidative stress and dysregulation of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) are critical factors for the development of epilepsy. Daidzin is well-known for its effective anti-inflammatory and antioxidant potential for centuries. The present study was focused on exploring the anti-epileptic potential of daidzin in the pentylenetetrazole-induced mice model. Daidzin (1, 5, and 10 mg/kg) was administered in the acute study and the dose was optimized. Pretreatment with daidzin remarkably reduced the severity of epileptogenesis in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, chronic epilepsy was induced in mice by administration of PTZ (35 mg/kg, i.p) every alternative day for 21 days. Results demonstrated that daidzin significantly prevented epileptogenesis and reversed histopathological changes in the hippocampus. It remarkably improved antioxidant (glutathione, glutathione sulfotransferase, superoxide dismutase, and catalase) levels while decreased MDA (malondialdehyde) and nitrite production in the brain. It remarkably improved the expressions of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and BDNF while reduced the expression of VEGF. It remarkably prevented the neuronal apoptosis in the brain tissue. Additionally, spectroscopic analysis such as FTIR (Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy) and DSC (differential scanning calorimetry) revealed that daidzin remarkably prevented PTZ-induced protein damage. HPLC-UV spectrophotometry results demonstrated that there was no peak of aglycone daidzin (metabolite) in the brain sample which specify that the anticonvulsant effect of the compound is due to its direct entry into the brain tissue. Moreover, the molecular docking results showed that daidzin possesses a better binding affinity for ALDH2, estrogen receptor-β, P13k, AKT2, mTORC1, and HIF-1-α proteins. Taken together, the results of the present study showed that daidzin has remarkable neuroprotective and anti-epileptic properties through modulation of oxidative stress, BDNF/VEGF, and apoptotic signaling in the brain tissue of PTZ-kindled mice.
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Silva de Melo B, de Morais BP, de Souza Ferreira Sá VS, Lourinho FD, Pinheiro Toda IPS, do Nascimento JLM, Marques DN, da Silva MCF, Cardoso GTM, Luz Barbas LA, Torres MF, Muto NA, de Mello VJ, Hamoy M. Behavioural, electrocorticographic, and electromyographic alterations induced by Nerium oleander ethanolic extract: Anticonvulsant therapeutics assessment. Neurotoxicology 2020; 78:21-28. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2020.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Revised: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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26
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Hu X, Ding L, Cao S, Cheng L, Wang K, Guang C, Li W, Koike K, Qiu F. Pharmacokinetics, Tissue Distribution and Excretion of Paeonol and Its Major Metabolites in Rats Provide a Further Insight Into Paeonol Effectiveness. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:190. [PMID: 32180731 PMCID: PMC7059771 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Paeonol is a major bioactive ingredient in Moutan Cortex (the root barks of Paeonia suffruticosa Andrews) and exhibited a wide range of bioactivities such as anti-inflammation, anti-oxidation, hypoglycemic effect, analgesic, and others. Even though paeonol has been proven to possess significant pharmacological and therapeutic effects, its pharmacokinetic properties are not satisfactory since it has been found to have a rapid clearance in vivo. In the present study, the pharmacokinetics, tissue distribution and excretion of paeonol and its major metabolites were investigated in rats by an efficient and specific UPLC-MS/MS method. The results indicated that paeonol was rapidly absorbed, extensively metabolized, and widely distributed in various tissues without long-term accumulation after oral administration to rats. The major distribution tissues of paeonol and its metabolites were kidney, liver, and heart. Paeonol was able to cross the blood-brain barrier but rapidly decreased after 10 min. The total excretion of four metabolites in urine, bile, and feces was approximately 35.0% within 24 h, and the metabolites were mainly excreted through the urine. In addition, the hypoglycemic activities of paeonol and its metabolites were investigated by a glucose uptake assay on TNF-α mediated insulin resistance in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. The results showed that paeonol and its major metabolites displayed hypoglycemic activities. This is the first comprehensive and systematic report on the pharmacokinetics of paeonol and its metabolites. This research provides an important basis for the clinical development and application of active metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xintong Hu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Liqin Ding
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Shijie Cao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Lina Cheng
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Kun Wang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Chenxi Guang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Wei Li
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toho University, Funabashi, Japan
| | - Kazuo Koike
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toho University, Funabashi, Japan
| | - Feng Qiu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
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