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Das PK, Sahoo A, Dasu VV. Current status, and the developments of hosts and expression systems for the production of recombinant human cytokines. Biotechnol Adv 2022; 59:107969. [PMID: 35525478 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2022.107969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cytokines consist of peptides, proteins and glycoproteins, which are biological signaling molecules, and boost cell-cell communication in immune reactions to stimulate cellular movements in the place of trauma, inflammation and infection. Recombinant cytokines are designed in such a way that they have generalized immunostimulation action or stimulate specific immune cells when the body encounters immunosuppressive signals from exogenous pathogens or other tumor microenvironments. Recombinant cytokines have improved the treatment processes for numerous diseases. They are also beneficial against novel toxicities that arise due to pharmacologic immunostimulators that lead to an imbalance in the regulation of cytokine. So, the production and use of recombinant human cytokines as therapeutic proteins are significant for medical treatment purposes. For the improved production of recombinant human cytokines, the development of host cells such as bacteria, yeast, fungi, insect, mammal and transgenic plants, and the specific expression systems for individual hosts is necessary. The recent advancements in the field of genetic engineering are beneficial for easy and efficient genetic manipulations for hosts as well as expression cassettes. The use of metabolic engineering and systems biology approaches have tremendous applications in recombinant protein production by generating mathematical models, and analyzing complex biological networks and metabolic pathways via simulations to understand the interconnections between metabolites and genetic behaviors. Further, the bioprocess developments and the optimization of cell culture conditions would enhance recombinant cytokines productivity on large scales.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prabir Kumar Das
- Biochemical Engineering Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, Assam, India
| | - Ansuman Sahoo
- Biochemical Engineering Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, Assam, India
| | - Veeranki Venkata Dasu
- Biochemical Engineering Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, Assam, India.
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Shah JN, Guo GQ, Krishnan A, Ramesh M, Katari NK, Shahbaaz M, Abdellattif MH, Singh SK, Dua K. Peptides-based therapeutics: Emerging potential therapeutic agents for COVID-19. Therapie 2021; 77:319-328. [PMID: 34689960 PMCID: PMC8498005 DOI: 10.1016/j.therap.2021.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 is a positive-sense RNA virus and it is the causative agent of the global COVID-19 outbreak. COVID-19 is similar to the previous outbreaks for instance SARS in 2002-2003 and MERS in 2012. As the peptides have many advantages, peptide-based therapeutics might be one of the possible ways in the development of COVID-19 specific drugs. SARS-CoV-2 enters into a human via its S protein by attaching with human hACE2 present on the cell membrane in the lungs and intestines of humans. hACE2 cleaves S protein into the S1 subunit for viral attachment and the S2 subunit for fusion with the host cell membrane. The fusion mechanism forms a six-helical bundle (6-HB) structure which finally fuses the viral envelope with the host cell membrane. hACE2 based peptides such as SBP1 and Spikeplug have shown their potential as antiviral agents. S protein-hACE2 interaction and the SARS-CoV-2 fusion machinery play a crucial part in human viral infection. It is evident that if these interactions could be blocked successfully and efficiently, it could be the way to find the drug for COVID-19. Several peptide-based inhibitors are potent inhibitors of S protein-hACE2 interaction. Similarly, the antiviral activity of the antimicrobial peptide, lactoferrin makes it an important candidate for the COVID-19 drug development process. A candidate drug, RhACE2-APN01 based on recombinant hACE2 peptide has already entered phase II clinical trials. This review sheds light on different aspects of the feasibility of using peptide-based therapeutics as the promising therapeutic route for COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jagat Narayan Shah
- Department of Animal and Biomedical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, 730000 Lanzhou, China; Department of Plant and Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, 222 Tianshui South Road, 730000 Lanzhou, China
| | - Guang-Qin Guo
- Department of Plant and Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, 222 Tianshui South Road, 730000 Lanzhou, China.
| | - Anand Krishnan
- Department of Chemical Pathology, School of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences and National Health Laboratory Service, University of the Free State, 9300 Bloemfontein, South Africa.
| | - Muthusamy Ramesh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Omega College of Pharmacy, 501 301 Hyderabad, India
| | - Naresh Kumar Katari
- Department of Chemistry, GITAM Deemed to be University, 502329 Hyderabad, India
| | - Mohd Shahbaaz
- South African Medical Research Council Bioinformatics Unit, South African National Bioinformatics Institute, University of the Western Cape, Private Bag X17, 7535 Bellville, Cape Town, South Africa; Laboratory of Computational Modeling of Drugs, South Ural State University, 454080 Chelyabinsk, Russia
| | - Magda H Abdellattif
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Deanship of Scientific Research, Taif University, Al-Haweiah, P.O. Box 11099, 21944 Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sachin Kumar Singh
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, 144411 Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | - Kamal Dua
- Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, NSW 2007, Ultimo, Australia
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Wang Q, Zhang C, Li Z, Guo F, Zhang J, Liu Y, Su Z. High hydrostatic pressure refolding of highly hydrophobic protein: A case study of recombinant human interferon β-1b from inclusion bodies. Biochem Eng J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2021.108055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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