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Liu J, Peng F, Kang Y, Gong D, Fan J, Zhang W, Qiu F. High-Loading Self-Assembling Peptide Nanoparticles as a Lipid-Free Carrier for Hydrophobic General Anesthetics. Int J Nanomedicine 2021; 16:5317-5331. [PMID: 34408412 PMCID: PMC8364852 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s315310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Typical hydrophobic amino acids (HAAs) are important motifs for self-assembling peptides (SAPs), but they lead to low water-solubility or compact packing of peptides, limiting their capacity for encapsulating hydrophobic drugs. As an alternative, we designed a peptide GQY based on atypical HAAs, which could encapsulate hydrophobic drugs more efficiently. Although hydrophobic general anesthetics (GAs) have been formulated as lipid emulsions, their lipid-free formulations have been pursued because of some side effects inherent to lipids. Using GAs as targets, potential application of GQY as a carrier for hydrophobic drugs was evaluated. Methods Thioflavin-T (ThT) binding test, dynamic light scattering (DLS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used to examine the self-assembling ability of GQY. Pyrene and 8-Anilino-1-naphthalenesulfonic acid (ANS) were used to confirm formation of hydrophobic domain in GQY nanoparticles. Using pyrene as a model, GQY’s capacity to encapsulate hydrophobic drugs was evaluated. GAs including propofol, etomidate and ET26 were encapsulated by GQY. Loss of righting reflex (LORR) test was conducted to assess the anesthetic efficacy of these lipid-free formulations. Paw-licking test was used to evaluate pain-on-injection of propofol-GQY (PROP-GQY) formulation. Hemolytic and cytotoxicity assay were used to evaluate biocompatibility of GQY. Results Stable nanoparticles containing plenty of hydrophobic cavities could be formed by GQY, which could encapsulate hydrophobic drugs at very high concentration and form stable suspensions. Propofol, etomidate and ET26 formulated by GQY showed anesthetic efficacy comparable to their currently available formulations. Unlike clinic lipid emulsion, PROP-GQY formulation did not cause pain-on-injection in rats. Neither obvious cytotoxicity nor hemolytic activity of GQY was observed. Conclusion GQY could encapsulate GAs to obtain stable and effective formulations. As a lipid-free carrier, GQY exhibited considerable biocompatibility and other side benefits such as reducing pain-on-injection. More SAPs based on atypical HAAs could be designed as promising carriers for hydrophobic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Liu
- Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Translational Neuroscience Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China.,National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Translational Medicine of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei Peng
- Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Translational Neuroscience Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China.,National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Translational Medicine of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Kang
- Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Translational Neuroscience Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China.,National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Translational Medicine of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Deying Gong
- Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Translational Neuroscience Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China.,National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Translational Medicine of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Fan
- Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Translational Neuroscience Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China.,National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Translational Medicine of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Wensheng Zhang
- Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Translational Neuroscience Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China.,National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Translational Medicine of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Qiu
- Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Translational Neuroscience Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China.,National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Translational Medicine of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
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Shevalkar G, Pai R, Vavia P. Nanostructured Lipid Carrier of Propofol: a Promising Alternative to Marketed Soybean Oil-Based Nanoemulsion. AAPS PharmSciTech 2019; 20:201. [PMID: 31139968 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-019-1408-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 04/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanostructured lipid carrier (NLC) of propofol was formulated using hot emulsification-probe sonication method for improvising its parenteral delivery by reducing pain on injection and risk of microbial contamination. The formulated NLC was optimized using central composite design and evaluated for particle size, zeta potential, morphology, free propofol concentration, hemocompatibility, stability, pain on injection, in vivo anesthetic activity, pharmacokinetics, and antimicrobial effectiveness in comparison to the marketed formulation. Optimized NLCs exhibited globule size, less than 200 nm, and zeta potential - 24.1 mV, indicating its stability. TEM images confirmed the spherical shape and nanosize (200 nm) of optimized NLCs. Free propofol concentration was also found to be 40% lesser than marketed formulation. Optimized NLC was found to be non-hemolytic. Rat paw-lick study showed that propofol NLC was significantly less painful compared to the marketed formulation. Anesthetic potential and pharmacokinetics of optimized NLCs were found to be similar to that of the marketed formulation. NLC was found stable in long-term storage under room temperature. Antimicrobial effectiveness study showed that propofol NLC suppressed microbial growth to a greater extent as compared to the marketed formulation. Hence, the developed propofol NLCs appeared to be clinically useful as a potential carrier for propofol delivery.
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Feng AY, Kaye AD, Kaye RJ, Belani K, Urman RD. Novel propofol derivatives and implications for anesthesia practice. J Anaesthesiol Clin Pharmacol 2017; 33:9-15. [PMID: 28413268 PMCID: PMC5374837 DOI: 10.4103/0970-9185.202205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Propofol (2,6-diisopropylphenol) is the most commonly used intravenous agent for induction of anesthesia. It is also used for maintenance of anesthesia and sedation in both Intensive Care Units and outpatient procedural settings. Its success in the clinical setting has been a result of its rapid onset, short duration of action, and minimal side effects despite disadvantages associated with its oil emulsion formulation. Early attempts to alter the standard emulsion or to develop new formulations with cyclodextrins and micelles to resolve issues with pain upon injection, the need for antimicrobial agents, and possible hyperlipidemia have mostly failed. With these challenges in the foreground, attention has now shifted to the use of more prodrugs and exogenous alternatives, the success of which is yet to be determined. These new agents must offer significant clinical advantages over the well-entrenched, generic propofol oil emulsion to justify higher costs and to be well received in the increasingly cost-conscious healthcare marketplace.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aiden Y Feng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Alan D Kaye
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pharmacology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Rachel J Kaye
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pharmacology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, USA.,Department of Biochemistry, Bowdoin College, Brunswick, ME, USA
| | - Kumar Belani
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Richard D Urman
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
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Ramesh K, Gundampati RK, Singh S, Mitra K, Shukla A, Jagannadham MV, Chattopadhyay D, Misra N, Ray B. Self-assembly, doxorubicin-loading and antibacterial activity of well-defined ABA-type amphiphilic poly(N-vinylpyrrolidone)-b-poly(d,l-lactide)-b-poly(N-vinyl pyrrolidone) triblock copolymers. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra23239b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Synthesis, self-assembly, DOX-loading and antibacterial activity of well-defined ABA-type amphiphilic poly(N-vinylpyrrolidone)-b-poly(d,l-lactide)-b-poly(N-vinylpyrrolidone) triblock copolymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- K. Ramesh
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- Banaras Hindu University
- Varanasi – 221005
- India
| | - Ravi Kumar Gundampati
- Molecular Biology Unit
- Institute of Medical Science
- Banaras Hindu University
- Varanasi – 221005
- India
| | - Shikha Singh
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- Banaras Hindu University
- Varanasi – 221005
- India
| | - Kheyanath Mitra
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- Banaras Hindu University
- Varanasi – 221005
- India
| | - Ankita Shukla
- Molecular Biology Unit
- Institute of Medical Science
- Banaras Hindu University
- Varanasi – 221005
- India
| | | | | | - Nira Misra
- School of Biomedical Engineering
- Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University)
- Varanasi-221005
- India
| | - Biswajit Ray
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- Banaras Hindu University
- Varanasi – 221005
- India
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Hassani Najafabadi A, Azodi-Deilami S, Abdouss M, Payravand H, Farzaneh S. Synthesis and evaluation of hydroponically alginate nanoparticles as novel carrier for intravenous delivery of propofol. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2015; 26:145. [PMID: 25743747 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-015-5452-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2014] [Accepted: 11/29/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Commercial lipid emulsion of propofol (CLE) has several drawbacks including pain on injection and emulsion instability. In this paper, a novel nanocarrier system is introduced to improve stability and solubility of the poorly soluble anesthetic drug, propofol, for intravenous administration. In this paper, alginate is modified using a facile method in which the carboxylic group of alginate is grafted to octanol. The octanol-grafted alginate (Alg-C8) is then employed to prepare nanoparticles which are subsequently used for encapsulation of propofol. The nanoparticles are analyzed for their pH, osmolarity, particle size, stability, morphology and sleep recovery and the results are compared with CLE as control. It is revealed that nanoparticles have the average particle size of 180 nm ± 1.2 and spherical morphology which is less than CLE while their pH, osmolarity and profile of release of formulated nanoparticles are similar to those of CLE. In addition, the results show good chemical and physical storage stability for the nanoparticles at room temperature for at least 6 months compared to CLE as control. The animal sleep recovery test on rats shows no significant difference in time of unconsciousness and recovery of the righting reflex between nanoparticles and CLE. It is concluded that encapsulated nanoparticles introduced here could be a promising clinical intravenous system for delivery of poorly soluble anesthetic propofol. In addition, this study provides an efficient and facile method for preparing a carrier system for water insoluble drugs.
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Kumar G, Stendall C, Mistry R, Gurusamy K, Walker D. A comparison of total intravenous anaesthesia using propofol with sevoflurane or desflurane in ambulatory surgery: systematic review and meta-analysis. Anaesthesia 2014; 69:1138-50. [DOI: 10.1111/anae.12713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- G. Kumar
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care; University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust; London UK
- Department of Peri-operative Medicine; University College London; London UK
| | - C. Stendall
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care; University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust; London UK
| | - R. Mistry
- Department of Peri-operative Medicine; University College London; London UK
| | - K. Gurusamy
- Division of Surgery; University College London; London UK
| | - D. Walker
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care; University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust; London UK
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Synthesis of well-defined amphiphilic poly(d,l-lactide)-b-poly(N-vinylpyrrolidone) block copolymers using ROP and xanthate-mediated RAFT polymerization. POLYMER 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2012.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Li G, Fan Y, Li X, Wang X, Li Y, Liu Y, Li M. In vitro and in vivo evaluation of a simple microemulsion formulation for propofol. Int J Pharm 2012; 425:53-61. [PMID: 22266535 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2012.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2011] [Revised: 12/15/2011] [Accepted: 01/07/2012] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to develop an oil-free o/w microemulsion, composed of pluronic F68, propylene glycol and saline, which solubilized poorly soluble anesthetic drug propofol for intravenous administration. The ternary diagram was constructed to identify the regions of microemulsions, and the optimal composition of microemulsion was determined by in vitro evaluation such as globule size upon dilution and rheology. The droplet size of the diluent emulsion corresponding to oil-in-water type ranged from 200 to 300nm in diameter. Stability analysis of the microemulsions indicated that they were stable upon storage for at least 6 months. Hemolysis percent of propofol microemulsions was lower than that of commercial lipid emulsion (CLE) at 4h. Acute toxicity test showed that median lethal dose of propofol microemulsion was the same as that of CLE. No significant difference in time for unconsciousness and recovery of righting reflex was observed between the prepared microemulsions and CLE. In conclusion, microemulsion would be a promising intravenous delivery system for propofol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guiling Li
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100050, China.
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Li X, Zhang Y, Fan Y, Zhou Y, Wang X, Fan C, Liu Y, Zhang Q. Preparation and evaluation of novel mixed micelles as nanocarriers for intravenous delivery of propofol. NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2011; 6:275. [PMID: 21711808 PMCID: PMC3211339 DOI: 10.1186/1556-276x-6-275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2010] [Accepted: 03/31/2011] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Novel mixed polymeric micelles formed from biocompatible polymers, poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(lactide) (mPEG-PLA) and polyoxyethylene-660-12-hydroxy stearate (Solutol HS15), were fabricated and used as a nanocarrier for solubilizing poorly soluble anesthetic drug propofol. The solubilization of propofol by the mixed micelles was more efficient than those made of mPEG-PLA alone. Micelles with the optimized composition of mPEG-PLA/Solutol HS15/propofol = 10/1/5 by weight had particle size of about 101 nm with narrow distribution (polydispersity index of about 0.12). Stability analysis of the mixed micelles in bovine serum albumin (BSA) solution indicated that the diblock copolymer mPEG efficiently protected the BSA adsorption on the mixed micelles because the hydrophobic groups of the copolymer were efficiently screened by mPEG, and propofol-loaded mixed micelles were stable upon storage for at least 6 months. The content of free propofol in the aqueous phase for mixed micelles was lower by 74% than that for the commercial lipid emulsion. No significant differences in times to unconsciousness and recovery of righting reflex were observed between mixed micelles and commercial lipid formulation. The pharmacological effect may serve as pharmaceutical nanocarriers with improved solubilization capacity for poorly soluble drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinru Li
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Xueyuan Road 38, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanhui Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Xueyuan Road 38, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Yating Fan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Xueyuan Road 38, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanxia Zhou
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Xueyuan Road 38, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoning Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Xueyuan Road 38, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Fan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Xueyuan Road 38, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Xueyuan Road 38, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Xueyuan Road 38, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China
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Soliman GM, Sharma A, Maysinger D, Kakkar A. Dendrimers and miktoarm polymers based multivalent nanocarriers for efficient and targeted drug delivery. Chem Commun (Camb) 2011; 47:9572-87. [DOI: 10.1039/c1cc11981h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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Ravenelle F, Vachon P, Rigby-Jones A, Sneyd J, Le Garrec D, Gori S, Lessard D, Smith D. Anaesthetic effects of propofol polymeric micelle: a novel water soluble propofol formulation. Br J Anaesth 2008; 101:186-93. [DOI: 10.1093/bja/aen147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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