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Zhang Z, Dalan R, Hu Z, Wang JW, Chew NW, Poh KK, Tan RS, Soong TW, Dai Y, Ye L, Chen X. Reactive Oxygen Species Scavenging Nanomedicine for the Treatment of Ischemic Heart Disease. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2202169. [PMID: 35470476 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202202169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Ischemic heart disease (IHD) is the leading cause of disability and mortality worldwide. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been shown to play key roles in the progression of diabetes, hypertension, and hypercholesterolemia, which are independent risk factors that lead to atherosclerosis and the development of IHD. Engineered biomaterial-based nanomedicines are under extensive investigation and exploration, serving as smart and multifunctional nanocarriers for synergistic therapeutic effect. Capitalizing on cell/molecule-targeting drug delivery, nanomedicines present enhanced specificity and safety with favorable pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics. Herein, the roles of ROS in both IHD and its risk factors are discussed, highlighting cardiovascular medications that have antioxidant properties, and summarizing the advantages, properties, and recent achievements of nanomedicines that have ROS scavenging capacity for the treatment of diabetes, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, atherosclerosis, ischemia/reperfusion, and myocardial infarction. Finally, the current challenges of nanomedicines for ROS-scavenging treatment of IHD and possible future directions are discussed from a clinical perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhan Zhang
- Cancer Centre and Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau SAR, 999078, China
| | - Rinkoo Dalan
- Department of Endocrinology, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 408433, Singapore
| | - Zhenyu Hu
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117597, Singapore
| | - Jiong-Wei Wang
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117597, Singapore
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117597, Singapore
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117597, Singapore
- Nanomedicine Translational Research Programme, Centre for NanoMedicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117597, Singapore
| | - Nicholas Ws Chew
- Department of Cardiology, National University Heart Centre, National University Hospital, Singapore, 119074, Singapore
| | - Kian-Keong Poh
- Department of Cardiology, National University Heart Centre, National University Hospital, Singapore, 119074, Singapore
| | - Ru-San Tan
- Department of Cardiology, National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore, 119609, Singapore
| | - Tuck Wah Soong
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117597, Singapore
| | - Yunlu Dai
- Cancer Centre and Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau SAR, 999078, China
- MoE Frontiers Science Center for Precision Oncology, University of Macao, Taipa, Macau SAR, 999078, China
| | - Lei Ye
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Xiaoyuan Chen
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117597, Singapore
- Nanomedicine Translational Research Programme, Centre for NanoMedicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117597, Singapore
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117597, Singapore
- Clinical Imaging Research Centre, Centre for Translational Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117597, Singapore
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Sharapov MG, Gudkov SV, Lankin VZ, Novoselov VI. Role of Glutathione Peroxidases and Peroxiredoxins in Free Radical-Induced Pathologies. BIOCHEMISTRY. BIOKHIMIIA 2021; 86:1418-1433. [PMID: 34906041 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297921110067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
In this review, we discuss the pathogenesis of some socially significant diseases associated with the development of oxidative stress, such as atherosclerosis, diabetes, and radiation sickness, as well as the possibilities of the therapeutic application of low-molecular-weight natural and synthetic antioxidants for the correction of free radical-induced pathologies. The main focus of this review is the role of two phylogenetically close families of hydroperoxide-reducing antioxidant enzymes peroxiredoxins and glutathione peroxidases - in counteracting oxidative stress. We also present examples of the application of exogenous recombinant antioxidant enzymes as therapeutic agents in the treatment of pathologies associated with free-radical processes and discuss the prospects of the therapeutic use of exogenous antioxidant enzymes, as well as the ways to improve their therapeutic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mars G Sharapov
- Institute of Cell Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region, 142290, Russia.
| | - Sergey V Gudkov
- Prokhorov Institute of General Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119991, Russia.,Institute of Biology and Biomedicine, Lobachevsky State University of Nizhni Novgorod, Nizhny Novgorod, 603022, Russia.,All-Russian Research Institute of Phytopathology, Bolshiye Vyazemy, 143050, Russia
| | - Vadim Z Lankin
- National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Ministry of Health of Russia, Moscow, 121552, Russia
| | - Vladimir I Novoselov
- Institute of Cell Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region, 142290, Russia
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Glassman PM, Myerson JW, Ferguson LT, Kiseleva RY, Shuvaev VV, Brenner JS, Muzykantov VR. Targeting drug delivery in the vascular system: Focus on endothelium. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2020; 157:96-117. [PMID: 32579890 PMCID: PMC7306214 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2020.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Revised: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The bloodstream is the main transporting pathway for drug delivery systems (DDS) from the site of administration to the intended site of action. In many cases, components of the vascular system represent therapeutic targets. Endothelial cells, which line the luminal surface of the vasculature, play a tripartite role of the key target, barrier, or victim of nanomedicines in the bloodstream. Circulating DDS may accumulate in the vascular areas of interest and in off-target areas via mechanisms bypassing specific molecular recognition, but using ligands of specific vascular determinant molecules enables a degree of precision, efficacy, and specificity of delivery unattainable by non-affinity DDS. Three decades of research efforts have focused on specific vascular targeting, which have yielded a multitude of DDS, many of which are currently undergoing a translational phase of development for biomedical applications, including interventions in the cardiovascular, pulmonary, and central nervous systems, regulation of endothelial functions, host defense, and permeation of vascular barriers. We discuss the design of endothelial-targeted nanocarriers, factors underlying their interactions with cells and tissues, and describe examples of their investigational use in models of acute vascular inflammation with an eye on translational challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick M Glassman
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Center for Targeted Therapeutics and Translational Nanomedicine of the Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States of America.
| | - Jacob W Myerson
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Center for Targeted Therapeutics and Translational Nanomedicine of the Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States of America
| | - Laura T Ferguson
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Center for Targeted Therapeutics and Translational Nanomedicine of the Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States of America; Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States of America
| | - Raisa Y Kiseleva
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Center for Targeted Therapeutics and Translational Nanomedicine of the Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States of America
| | - Vladimir V Shuvaev
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Center for Targeted Therapeutics and Translational Nanomedicine of the Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States of America
| | - Jacob S Brenner
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Center for Targeted Therapeutics and Translational Nanomedicine of the Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States of America; Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States of America
| | - Vladimir R Muzykantov
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Center for Targeted Therapeutics and Translational Nanomedicine of the Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States of America.
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Abstract
Therapeutic enzymes have a broad variety of specific uses and clinical applications, particularly as antineoplasic agents, wound debridement therapeutics, and anti-inflammatory drugs, etc. These enzymes can elicit immune response, contributing allergic reactions. Newer drugs with improved stability and less antigenicity have been developed. Covalent modification of enzymes is used to circumvent this immunogenicity. Advancements in drug delivery have revolutionized enzyme therapy. Microencapsulation and artificial liposomal entrapment are some of the techniques used to increment the stability and half-life of enzyme drugs. Several enzymes are now used as prodrug that metabolizes inactive substances into active metabolites through bioactivation process. This approach comprises a suit of techniques that allow activation of drugs locally and at the site of action. This chapter gives an outline of clinical uses of therapeutic enzymes used in non-deficiency diseases. Developments of these enzymes are reviewed with a particular focus on bioengineering applied to the native proteins.
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Daiber A, Steven S, Weber A, Shuvaev VV, Muzykantov VR, Laher I, Li H, Lamas S, Münzel T. Targeting vascular (endothelial) dysfunction. Br J Pharmacol 2017; 174:1591-1619. [PMID: 27187006 PMCID: PMC5446575 DOI: 10.1111/bph.13517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 304] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2015] [Revised: 04/28/2016] [Accepted: 05/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are major contributors to global deaths and disability-adjusted life years, with hypertension a significant risk factor for all causes of death. The endothelium that lines the inner wall of the vasculature regulates essential haemostatic functions, such as vascular tone, circulation of blood cells, inflammation and platelet activity. Endothelial dysfunction is an early predictor of atherosclerosis and future cardiovascular events. We review the prognostic value of obtaining measurements of endothelial function, the clinical techniques for its determination, the mechanisms leading to endothelial dysfunction and the therapeutic treatment of endothelial dysfunction. Since vascular oxidative stress and inflammation are major determinants of endothelial function, we have also addressed current antioxidant and anti-inflammatory therapies. In the light of recent data that dispute the prognostic value of endothelial function in healthy human cohorts, we also discuss alternative diagnostic parameters such as vascular stiffness index and intima/media thickness ratio. We also suggest that assessing vascular function, including that of smooth muscle and even perivascular adipose tissue, may be an appropriate parameter for clinical investigations. LINKED ARTICLES This article is part of a themed section on Redox Biology and Oxidative Stress in Health and Disease. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v174.12/issuetoc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Daiber
- Center of CardiologyMedical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg UniversityMainzGermany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK)Partner Site Rhine‐MainMainzGermany
| | - Sebastian Steven
- Center of CardiologyMedical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg UniversityMainzGermany
- Center of Thrombosis and HemostasisMedical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg UniversityMainzGermany
| | - Alina Weber
- Center of CardiologyMedical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg UniversityMainzGermany
| | - Vladimir V. Shuvaev
- Department of Systems Pharmacology & Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of MedicineUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPAUSA
| | - Vladimir R. Muzykantov
- Department of Systems Pharmacology & Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of MedicineUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPAUSA
| | - Ismail Laher
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBCCanada
| | - Huige Li
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK)Partner Site Rhine‐MainMainzGermany
- Department of PharmacologyMedical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg UniversityMainzGermany
| | - Santiago Lamas
- Department of Cell Biology and ImmunologyCentro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa" (CSIC‐UAM)MadridSpain
| | - Thomas Münzel
- Center of CardiologyMedical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg UniversityMainzGermany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK)Partner Site Rhine‐MainMainzGermany
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Wu J, Lu S, Zheng Z, Zhu L, Zhan X. Modification with polysialic acid–PEG copolymer as a new method for improving the therapeutic efficacy of proteins. Prep Biochem Biotechnol 2016; 46:788-797. [DOI: 10.1080/10826068.2015.1135463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jianrong Wu
- Key Laboratory of Food Colloids and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Shaozeng Lu
- Key Laboratory of Food Colloids and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Zhiyong Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Food Colloids and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Li Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Food Colloids and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Xiaobei Zhan
- Key Laboratory of Food Colloids and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
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Shuvaev VV, Brenner JS, Muzykantov VR. Targeted endothelial nanomedicine for common acute pathological conditions. J Control Release 2015; 219:576-595. [PMID: 26435455 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2015.09.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2015] [Revised: 09/24/2015] [Accepted: 09/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Endothelium, a thin monolayer of specialized cells lining the lumen of blood vessels is the key regulatory interface between blood and tissues. Endothelial abnormalities are implicated in many diseases, including common acute conditions with high morbidity and mortality lacking therapy, in part because drugs and drug carriers have no natural endothelial affinity. Precise endothelial drug delivery may improve management of these conditions. Using ligands of molecules exposed to the bloodstream on the endothelial surface enables design of diverse targeted endothelial nanomedicine agents. Target molecules and binding epitopes must be accessible to drug carriers, carriers must be free of harmful effects, and targeting should provide desirable sub-cellular addressing of the drug cargo. The roster of current candidate target molecules for endothelial nanomedicine includes peptidases and other enzymes, cell adhesion molecules and integrins, localized in different domains of the endothelial plasmalemma and differentially distributed throughout the vasculature. Endowing carriers with an affinity to specific endothelial epitopes enables an unprecedented level of precision of control of drug delivery: binding to selected endothelial cell phenotypes, cellular addressing and duration of therapeutic effects. Features of nanocarrier design such as choice of epitope and ligand control delivery and effect of targeted endothelial nanomedicine agents. Pathological factors modulate endothelial targeting and uptake of nanocarriers. Selection of optimal binding sites and design features of nanocarriers are key controllable factors that can be iteratively engineered based on their performance from in vitro to pre-clinical in vivo experimental models. Targeted endothelial nanomedicine agents provide antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and other therapeutic effects unattainable by non-targeted counterparts in animal models of common acute severe human disease conditions. The results of animal studies provide the basis for the challenging translation endothelial nanomedicine into the clinical domain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir V Shuvaev
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States; Center for Translational Targeted Therapeutics and Nanomedicine of the Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States
| | - Jacob S Brenner
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States; Center for Translational Targeted Therapeutics and Nanomedicine of the Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States
| | - Vladimir R Muzykantov
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States; Center for Translational Targeted Therapeutics and Nanomedicine of the Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States.
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Sari E, Tunc-Sarisozen Y, Mutlu H, Shahbazi R, Ucar G, Ulubayram K. ICAM-1 targeted catalase encapsulated PLGA-b-PEG nanoparticles against vascular oxidative stress. J Microencapsul 2015; 32:687-98. [DOI: 10.3109/02652048.2015.1073384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Liu Y, Li J, Lu Y. Enzyme therapeutics for systemic detoxification. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2015; 90:24-39. [PMID: 25980935 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2015.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2015] [Revised: 05/02/2015] [Accepted: 05/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Life relies on numerous biochemical processes working synergistically and correctly. Certain substances disrupt these processes, inducing living organism into an abnormal state termed intoxication. Managing intoxication usually requires interventions, which is referred as detoxification. Decades of development on detoxification reveals the potential of enzymes as ideal therapeutics and antidotes, because their high substrate specificity and catalytic efficiency are essential for clearing intoxicating substances without adverse effects. However, intrinsic shortcomings of enzymes including low stability and high immunogenicity are major hurdles, which could be overcome by delivering enzymes with specially designed nanocarriers. Extensive investigations on protein delivery indicate three types of enzyme-nanocarrier architectures that show more promise than others for systemic detoxification, including liposome-wrapped enzymes, polymer-enzyme conjugates, and polymer-encapsulated enzymes. This review highlights recent advances in these nano-architectures and discusses their applications in systemic detoxifications. Therapeutic potential of various enzymes as well as associated challenges in achieving effective delivery of therapeutic enzymes will also be discussed.
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Brenner JS, Greineder C, Shuvaev V, Muzykantov V. Endothelial nanomedicine for the treatment of pulmonary disease. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2014; 12:239-61. [PMID: 25394760 DOI: 10.1517/17425247.2015.961418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Even though pulmonary diseases are among the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in the world, exceedingly few life-prolonging therapies have been developed for these maladies. Relief may finally come from nanomedicine and targeted drug delivery. AREAS COVERED Here, we focus on four conditions for which the pulmonary endothelium plays a pivotal role: acute respiratory distress syndrome, primary graft dysfunction occurring immediately after lung transplantation, pulmonary arterial hypertension and pulmonary embolism. For each of these diseases, we first evaluate the targeted drug delivery approaches that have been tested in animals. Then we suggest a 'need specification' for each disease: a list of criteria (e.g., macroscale delivery method, stability, etc.) that nanomedicine agents must meet in order to warrant human clinical trials and investment from industry. EXPERT OPINION For the diseases profiled here, numerous nanomedicine agents have shown promise in animal models. However, to maximize the chances of creating products that reach patients, nanomedicine engineers and clinicians must work together and use each disease's need specification to guide the design of practical and effective nanomedicine agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob S Brenner
- University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology and Center for Targeted Therapeutics and Translational Nanomedicine , TRC10-125, 3600 Civic Center Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA 19104 , USA +1 215 898 9823 ; +1 215 573 9135 ;
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Authimoolam SP, Vasilakes AL, Shah NM, Puleo DA, Dziubla TD. Synthetic oral mucin mimic from polymer micelle networks. Biomacromolecules 2014; 15:3099-111. [PMID: 24992241 PMCID: PMC4130247 DOI: 10.1021/bm5006917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Mucin networks are formed in the
oral cavity by complexation of
glycoproteins with other salivary proteins, yielding a hydrated lubricating
barrier. The function of these networks is linked to their structural,
chemical, and mechanical properties. Yet, as these properties are
interdependent, it is difficult to tease out their relative importance.
Here, we demonstrate the ability to recreate the fibrous like network
through a series of complementary rinses of polymeric worm-like micelles,
resulting in a 3-dimensional (3D) porous network that can be deposited
layer-by-layer onto any surface. In this work, stability, structure,
and microbial capture capabilities were evaluated as a function of
network properties. It was found that network structure alone was
sufficient for bacterial capture, even with networks composed of the
adhesion-resistant polymer, poly(ethylene glycol). The synthetic networks
provide an excellent, yet simple, means of independently characterizing
mucin network properties (e.g., surface chemistry, stiffness, and
pore size).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sundar P Authimoolam
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Kentucky , 177 F. Paul Anderson Tower, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, United States
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Narayanan KB, Park HH. Pleiotropic functions of antioxidant nanoparticles for longevity and medicine. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2013; 201-202:30-42. [PMID: 24206941 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2013.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2013] [Revised: 10/08/2013] [Accepted: 10/08/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Nanomedicine is a rapidly emerging interdisciplinary field in which medicine is coupled with nanotechnology tools and techniques for advanced therapy with the aid of molecular knowledge and its associated treatment tools. This field creates a myriad of opportunities for improving the health and life of humans. Unchecked chronic inflammation, oxidative stress, and free-radical damage causes proportionate aging and other related diseases/disorders. Antioxidants act as free radical scavengers, singlet oxygen ((1)O2) quenchers, peroxides and other ROS inactivators, as well as metal ion chelators, quenchers of secondary oxidation products and inhibitors of pro-oxidative enzymes. Nanoparticles possessing antioxidative properties have recently emerged as potent therapeutic agents owing to their potential applications in life sciences for improvement of the quality of life and longevity. Accordingly, the use of antioxidant nanoparticles/nanomaterials is burgeoning in biomedical, pharmaceutical, cosmetic, food and nutrition fields. Due to the smaller size, greater permeability, increased circulation ability and biocompatibility of these nanoparticles to alleviate oxidative stress, they have become indispensable agents for controlling aging and its associated pathologies, including neurodegenerative diseases, cardiovascular diseases, and pulmonary diseases. This review discusses antioxidant nanoparticles, which are nano-dimensioned metals, non-metals, metal oxides, synthetic and natural antioxidants and polymers, and the molecular/biochemical mechanisms underpinning their activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kannan Badri Narayanan
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 712 749, Republic of Korea
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Abstract
Endothelial cells represent important targets for therapeutic and diagnostic interventions in many cardiovascular, pulmonary, neurological, inflammatory, and metabolic diseases. Targeted delivery of drugs (especially potent and labile biotherapeutics that require specific subcellular addressing) and imaging probes to endothelium holds promise to improve management of these maladies. In order to achieve this goal, drug cargoes or their carriers including liposomes and polymeric nanoparticles are chemically conjugated or fused using recombinant techniques with affinity ligands of endothelial surface molecules. Cell adhesion molecules, constitutively expressed on the endothelial surface and exposed on the surface of pathologically altered endothelium—selectins, VCAM-1, PECAM-1, and ICAM-1—represent good determinants for such a delivery. In particular, PECAM-1 and ICAM-1 meet criteria of accessibility, safety, and relevance to the (patho)physiological context of treatment of inflammation, ischemia, and thrombosis and offer a unique combination of targeting options including surface anchoring as well as intra- and transcellular targeting, modulated by parameters of the design of drug delivery system and local biological factors including flow and endothelial phenotype. This review includes analysis of these factors and examples of targeting selected classes of therapeutics showing promising results in animal studies, supporting translational potential of these interventions.
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Abstract
Despite continued achievements in antithrombotic pharmacotherapy, difficulties remain in managing patients at high risk for both thrombosis and hemorrhage. Utility of antithrombotic agents (ATAs) in these settings is restricted by inadequate pharmacokinetics and narrow therapeutic indices. Use of advanced drug delivery systems (ADDSs) may help to circumvent these problems. Various nanocarriers, affinity ligands, and polymer coatings provide ADDSs that have the potential to help optimize ATA pharmacokinetics, target drug delivery to sites of thrombosis, and sense pathologic changes in the vascular microenvironment, such as altered hemodynamic forces, expression of inflammatory markers, and structural differences between mature hemostatic and growing pathological clots. Delivery of ATAs using biomimetic synthetic carriers, host blood cells, and recombinant fusion proteins that are activated preferentially at sites of thrombus development has shown promising outcomes in preclinical models. Further development and translation of ADDSs that spare hemostatic fibrin clots hold promise for extending the utility of ATAs in the management of acute thrombotic disorders through rapid, transient, and targeted thromboprophylaxis. If the potential benefit of this technology is to be realized, a systematic and concerted effort is required to develop clinical trials and translate the use of ADDSs to the clinical arena.
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Ambati J, Lopez AM, Cochran D, Wattamwar P, Bean K, Dziubla TD, Rankin SE. Engineered silica nanocarriers as a high-payload delivery vehicle for antioxidant enzymes. Acta Biomater 2012; 8:2096-103. [PMID: 22366223 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2012.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2011] [Revised: 02/08/2012] [Accepted: 02/13/2012] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Antioxidant enzymes for the treatment of oxidative stress-related diseases remain a highly promising therapeutic approach. As poor localization and stability have been the greatest challenges to their clinical translation, a variety of nanocarrier systems have been developed to directly address these limitations. In most cases, there has been a trade-off between the delivered mass of enzyme loaded and the carrier's ability to protect the enzyme from proteolytic degradation. One potential method of overcoming this limitation is the use of ordered mesoporous silica materials as potential antioxidant enzyme nanocarriers. The present study compared the loading, activity and retention activity of an anti-oxidant enzyme, catalase, on four engineered mesoporous silica types: non-porous silica particles, spherical silica particles with radially oriented pores and hollow spherical silica particles with pores oriented either parallel to the hollow core or expanded, interconnected bimodal pores. All these silica types, except non-porous silica, displayed potential for effective catalase loading and protection against the proteolytic enzyme, pronase. Hollow particles with interconnected pores exhibit protein loading of up to 50 wt.% carrier mass, while still maintaining significant protection against proteolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Ambati
- Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
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Han J, Shuvaev VV, Muzykantov VR. Targeted interception of signaling reactive oxygen species in the vascular endothelium. Ther Deliv 2012; 3:263-76. [PMID: 22834201 PMCID: PMC5333711 DOI: 10.4155/tde.11.151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are implicated as injurious and as signaling agents in human maladies including inflammation, hyperoxia, ischemia-reperfusion and acute lung injury. ROS produced by the endothelium play an important role in vascular pathology. They quench, for example, nitric oxide, and mediate pro-inflammatory signaling. Antioxidant interventions targeted for the vascular endothelium may help to control these mechanisms. Animal studies have demonstrated superiority of targeting ROS-quenching enzymes catalase and superoxide dismutase to endothelial cells over nontargeted formulations. A diverse arsenal of targeted antioxidant formulations devised in the last decade shows promising results for specific quenching of endothelial ROS. In addition to alleviation of toxic effects of excessive ROS, these targeted interventions suppress pro-inflammatory mechanisms, including endothelial cytokine activation and barrier disruption. These interventions may prove useful in experimental biomedicine and, perhaps, in translational medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyan Han
- Institute for Translational Medicine & Therapeutics & Department of Pharmacology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, TRC 10–125, 3400 Civic Center Blvd, Bldg 421, Philadelphia, PA 19104–5158, USA
| | - Vladimir V Shuvaev
- Institute for Translational Medicine & Therapeutics & Department of Pharmacology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, TRC 10–125, 3400 Civic Center Blvd, Bldg 421, Philadelphia, PA 19104–5158, USA
| | - Vladimir R Muzykantov
- Institute for Translational Medicine & Therapeutics & Department of Pharmacology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, TRC 10–125, 3400 Civic Center Blvd, Bldg 421, Philadelphia, PA 19104–5158, USA
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17
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Hood E, Simone E, Wattamwar P, Dziubla T, Muzykantov V. Nanocarriers for vascular delivery of antioxidants. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2012; 6:1257-72. [PMID: 21929460 DOI: 10.2217/nnm.11.92] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Antioxidant enzymes (AOEs) catalase and superoxide dismutase (SOD) detoxify harmful reactive oxygen species, but the therapeutic utility of AOEs is hindered by inadequate delivery. AOE modification by poly-ethylene glycol (PEG) and encapsulation in PEG-coated liposomes increases the AOE bioavailability and enhances protective effects in animal models. Pluronic-based micelles formed with AOEs show even more potent protective effects. Furthermore, polymeric nanocarriers (PNCs) based on PEG-copolymers protect encapsulated AOEs from proteolysis and improve delivery to the target cells, such as the endothelium lining the vascular lumen. Antibodies to endothelial determinants conjugated to AOEs or AOE carriers provide targeting and intracellular delivery. Targeted liposomes, protein conjugates and magnetic nanoparticles deliver AOEs to sites of vascular oxidative stress in the cardiovascular, pulmonary and nervous systems. Further advances in nanodevices for AOE delivery will provide a basis for the translation of this approach in the clinical domain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Hood
- Department of Pharmacology & Institute for Translational Medicine & Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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18
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Abstract
Nanostructured particulate materials are expected to revolutionize diagnostics and the delivery of therapeutics for healthcare. To date, chemistry-derived solutions have been the major focus in the design of materials to control interactions with biological systems. Only recently has control over a new set of physical parameters, including size, shape, and rigidity, been explored to optimize the biological response and the in vivo performance of nanoengineered delivery vectors. This Review highlights the methods used to manipulate the physical properties of particles and the relevance of these physical properties to cellular and circulatory interactions. Finally, the importance of future work to synergistically tailor both physical and chemical properties of particulate materials is discussed, with the aim of improving control over particle interactions in the biological domain.
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Affiliation(s)
- James P Best
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
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Astete CE, Dolliver D, Whaley M, Khachatryan L, Sabliov CM. Antioxidant poly(lactic-co-glycolic) acid nanoparticles made with α-tocopherol-ascorbic acid surfactant. ACS NANO 2011; 5:9313-9325. [PMID: 22017172 DOI: 10.1021/nn102845t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The goal of the study was to synthesize a surfactant made of α-tocopherol (vitamin E) and ascorbic acid (vitamin C) of antioxidant properties dubbed as EC, and to use this surfactant to make poly(lactic-co-glycolic) acid (PLGA) nanoparticles. Self-assembled EC nanostructures and PLGA-EC nanoparticles were made by nanoprecipitation, and their physical properties (size, size distribution, morphology) were studied at different salt concentrations, surfactant concentrations, and polymer/surfactant ratios. EC surfactant was shown to form self-assembled nanostructures in water with a size of 22 to 138 nm in the presence of sodium chloride, or 12 to 31 nm when synthesis was carried out in sodium bicarbonate. Polymeric PLGA-EC nanoparticles presented a size of 90 to 126 nm for 40% to 120% mass ratio PLGA to surfactant. For the same mass ratios, the PLGA-Span80 formed particles measured 155 to 216 nm. Span80 formed bilayers, whereas EC formed monolayers at the interfaces. PLGA-EC nanoparticles and EC showed antioxidant activity based on 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assay measurements using UV and EPR techniques, antioxidant activity which is not characteristic to commercially available Span80. The thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) assay for lipid peroxidation showed that PLGA nanoparticles with EC performed better as antioxidants than the EC nanoassembly or the free vitamin C. Nanoparticles were readily internalized by HepG2 cells and were localized in the cytoplasm. The newly synthesized EC surfactant was therefore found successful in forming uniform, small size polymeric nanoparticles of intrinsic antioxidant properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos E Astete
- Biological and Agricultural Engineering Department, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, United States
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20
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Shuvaev VV, Muzykantov VR. Endothelial targeting of antibody-decorated polymeric filomicelles. ACS NANO 2011; 5:6991-9. [PMID: 21838300 PMCID: PMC3342815 DOI: 10.1021/nn2015453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
The endothelial lining of the lumen of blood vessels is a key therapeutic target for many human diseases. Polymeric filomicelles that self-assemble from polyethylene oxide (PEO)-based diblock copolymers are long and flexible rather than small or rigid, can be loaded with drugs, and--most importantly--they circulate for a prolonged period of time in the bloodstream due in part to flow alignment. Filomicelles seem promising for targeted drug delivery to endothelial cells because they can in principle adhere strongly, length-wise to specific cell surface determinants. In order to achieve such a goal of vascular drug delivery, two fundamental questions needed to be addressed: (i) whether these supramolecular filomicelles retain structural integrity and dynamic flexibility after attachment of targeting molecules such as antibodies, and (ii) whether the avidity of antibody-carrying filomicelles is sufficient to anchor the carrier to the endothelial surface despite the effects of flow that oppose adhesive interactions. Here we make targeted filomicelles that bear antibodies which recognize distinct endothelial surface molecules. We characterize these antibody targeted filomicelles and prove that (i) they retain structural integrity and dynamic flexibility and (ii) they adhere to endothelium with high specificity both in vitro and in vivo. These results provide the basis for a new drug delivery approach employing antibody-targeted filomicelles that circulate for a prolonged time yet bind to endothelial cells in vascular beds expressing select markers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vladimir R. Muzykantov
- Corresponding author at: Institute for Environmental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, 1 John Morgan Building, 3620 Hamilton Walk, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6068, United States. Tel.: +1 215 898 9100; fax: +1 215 898 0868. (V.R. Muzykantov)
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21
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Klyachko NL, Manickam DS, Brynskikh AM, Uglanova SV, Li S, Higginbotham SM, Bronich TK, Batrakova EV, Kabanov AV. Cross-linked antioxidant nanozymes for improved delivery to CNS. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2011; 8:119-29. [PMID: 21703990 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2011.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2010] [Revised: 04/10/2011] [Accepted: 05/20/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Formulations of antioxidant enzymes, superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1, also known as Cu/Zn SOD) and catalase were prepared by electrostatic coupling of enzymes with cationic block copolymers, polyethyleneimine-poly(ethylene glycol) or poly(L-lysine)-poly(ethylene glycol), followed by covalent cross-linking to stabilize nanoparticles (NPs). Different cross-linking strategies (using glutaraldehyde, bis-(sulfosuccinimidyl)suberate sodium salt or 1-Ethyl-3-[3-dimethylaminopropyl]carbodiimide hydrochloride with N-hydroxysulfosuccinimide) and reaction conditions (pH and polycation/protein charge ratio) were investigated that allowed immobilizing active enzymes in cross-linked NPs, termed "nanozymes." Bienzyme NPs, containing both SOD1 and catalase were also formulated. Formation of complexes was confirmed using denaturing gel electrophoresis and western blotting; physicochemical characterization was conducted using dynamic light scattering and atomic force microscopy. In vivo studies of (125)I-labeled SOD1-containing nanozymes in mice demonstrated their increased stability in both blood and brain and increased accumulation in brain tissues, in comparison with non-cross-linked complexes and native SOD1. Future studies will evaluate the potential of these formulations for delivery of antioxidant enzymes to the central nervous system to attenuate oxidative stress associated with neurological diseases. FROM THE CLINICAL EDITOR Formulations of antioxidant enzyme complexes were demonstrated along with their increased stability in both blood and brain and increased accumulation in CNS tissue. Future studies will evaluate the potential of these formulations for antioxidant enzyme deliver to the CNS to attenuate oxidative stress in neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia L Klyachko
- Department of Chemical Enzymology, Faculty of Chemistry, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
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22
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Chirra HD, Sexton T, Biswal D, Hersh LB, Hilt JZ. Catalase-coupled gold nanoparticles: comparison between the carbodiimide and biotin-streptavidin methods. Acta Biomater 2011; 7:2865-72. [PMID: 21232642 PMCID: PMC3412123 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2011.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2010] [Revised: 12/04/2010] [Accepted: 01/05/2011] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The use of proteins for therapeutic applications requires the protein to maintain sufficient activity for the period of in vivo treatment. Many proteins exhibit a short half-life in vivo and, thus, require delivery systems for them to be applied as therapeutics. The relative biocompatibility and the ability to form functionalized bioconjugates via simple chemistry make gold nanoparticles excellent candidates as protein delivery systems. Herein, two protocols for coupling proteins to gold nanoparticles have been compared. In the first, strong biomolecular binding between biotin and streptavidin was used to couple catalase to the surface of gold nanoparticles. In the second protocol the formation of an amide bond between carboxylic acid-coated gold nanoparticles and free surface amines of catalase using carbodiimide chemistry was performed. The stability and kinetics of the different steps involved in these protocols were studied using UV-visible spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering, and transmission electron microscopy. The addition of mercapto-undecanoic acid in conjugation with (N-(6-(biotinamido)hexyl)-3'-(2'-pyridyldithio)-propionamide increased the stability of biotinylated gold nanoparticles. Although the carbodiimide chemistry-based bioconjugation approach exhibited a decrease in catalase activity, the carbodiimide chemistry-based bioconjugation approach resulted in more active catalase per gold nanoparticle compared with that of mercapto-undecanoic acid-stabilized biotinylated gold nanoparticles. Both coupling protocols resulted in gold nanoparticles loaded with active catalase. Thus, these gold nanoparticle systems and coupling protocols represent promising methods for the application of gold nanoparticles for protein delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Travis Sexton
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506
| | - Dipti Biswal
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506
| | - Louis B. Hersh
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506
| | - J. Zach Hilt
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506
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Shuvaev VV, Muzykantov VR. Targeted modulation of reactive oxygen species in the vascular endothelium. J Control Release 2011; 153:56-63. [PMID: 21457736 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2011.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2011] [Accepted: 03/21/2011] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
'Endothelial cells lining vascular luminal surface represent an important site of signaling and injurious effects of reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced by other cells and endothelium itself in ischemia, inflammation and other pathological conditions. Targeted delivery of ROS modulating enzymes conjugated with antibodies to endothelial surface molecules (vascular immunotargeting) provides site-specific interventions in the endothelial ROS, unattainable by other formulations including PEG-modified enzymes. Targeting of ROS generating enzymes (e.g., glucose oxidase) provides ROS- and site-specific models of endothelial oxidative stress, whereas targeting of antioxidant enzymes SOD and catalase offers site-specific quenching of superoxide anion and H(2)O(2). These targeted antioxidant interventions help to clarify specific role of endothelial ROS in vascular and pulmonary pathologies and provide basis for design of targeted therapeutics for treatment of these pathologies. In particular, antibody/catalase conjugates alleviate acute lung ischemia/reperfusion injury, whereas antibody/SOD conjugates inhibit ROS-mediated vasoconstriction and inflammatory endothelial signaling. Encapsulation in protease-resistant, ROS-permeable carriers targeted to endothelium prolongs protective effects of antioxidant enzymes, further diversifying the means for targeted modulation of endothelial ROS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir V Shuvaev
- Department of Pharmacology and Center for Translational Targeted Therapeutics and Nanomedicine, Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6068, USA
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24
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Xiao RZ, Zeng ZW, Zhou GL, Wang JJ, Li FZ, Wang AM. Recent advances in PEG-PLA block copolymer nanoparticles. Int J Nanomedicine 2010; 5:1057-65. [PMID: 21170353 PMCID: PMC3000205 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s14912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to their small particle size and large and modifiable surface, nanoparticles have unique advantages compared with other drug carriers. As a research focus in recent years, polyethylene glycol-polylactic acid (PEG-PLA) block copolymer and its end-group derivative nanoparticles can enhance the drug loading of hydrophobic drugs, reduce the burst effect, avoid being engulfed by phagocytes, increase the circulation time of drugs in blood, and improve bioavailability. Additionally, due to their smaller particle size and modified surface, these nanoparticles can accumulate in inflammation or target locations to enhance drug efficacy and reduce toxicity. Recent advances in PEG-PLA block copolymer nanoparticles, including the synthesis of PEG-PLA and the preparation of PEG-PLA nanoparticles, were introduced in this study, in particular the drug release and modifiable characteristics of PEG-PLA nanoparticles and their application in pharmaceutical preparations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ren Zhong Xiao
- Research Center for Biomedicine and Health, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhao Wu Zeng
- Research Center for Biomedicine and Health, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Guang Lin Zhou
- Research Center for Biomedicine and Health, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jun Jie Wang
- Research Center for Biomedicine and Health, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Fan Zhu Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - An Ming Wang
- Research Center for Biomedicine and Health, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Carnemolla R, Shuvaev VV, Muzykantov VR. Targeting antioxidant and antithrombotic biotherapeutics to endothelium. Semin Thromb Hemost 2010; 36:332-42. [PMID: 20490983 DOI: 10.1055/s-0030-1253455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The endothelium is one of the key targets for pharmacological interventions in oxidative stress and thrombosis, two conditions that are notoriously difficult to treat due to limited efficacy and precision of action of current drugs. Design of molecular and nano-devices that deliver potent antioxidant and antithrombotic therapeutic enzymes to the endothelium holds promise to improve the potency, localization, timing, specificity, safety, and mechanistic precision of these interventions. In particular, cell adhesion molecules expressed on the surface of resting and pathologically altered endothelial cells can be used for drug delivery to the endothelial surface (preferable for thrombolytics) and into intracellular compartments (preferable for antioxidants). Drug delivery platforms including protein conjugates, recombinant fusion constructs, and stealth polymer carriers designed to target these drugs to endothelium are reviewed in this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronald Carnemolla
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6068, USA
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Balasubramanian V, Onaca O, Enea R, Hughes DW, Palivan CG. Protein delivery: from conventional drug delivery carriers to polymeric nanoreactors. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2009; 7:63-78. [DOI: 10.1517/17425240903394520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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