1
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Hu Y, Sun Y, Zhang H, Luo L, Wang H, Zhang R, Ge M. 2-ethylhexyl diphenyl phosphate exposure induces duodenal inflammatory injury through oxidative stress in chickens. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 283:116784. [PMID: 39088896 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 06/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/03/2024]
Abstract
2-ethylhexyl diphenyl phosphate (EHDPHP) is a widely used organophosphorus flame retardant and plasticizer, which is commonly found in the environment. EHDPHP not only potentially harms the environment but also causes different degrees of damage to the organism. In this study, the duodenum of chicks was selected as the potential toxic target organ to explore the mechanism of duodenal injury induced by EHDPHP exposure. Ninety one-day-old healthy male chicks were selected and randomly divided into C1(control group), C2(solvent control group), L(800 mg/kg), M(1600 mg/kg), H(3200 mg/kg) according to different doses of EHDPHP after one week of environmental adaptation. The chicks were given continuous gavage for 14 d, 28 d, and 42 d. It was found that constant exposure to EHDPHP caused an increase in duodenal MDA content, a decrease in P-gp, SOD, GSH-Px activities, and a decrease in duodenal mucosal immune factor (sIgA, GSH-Px). The expression of sIgM and mucosal link proteins (CLDN, OCLN, ZO-1, JAM) decreased, and the expression of the inflammatory protein (NF-κB, COX2) in duodenal tissues was up-regulated. The results showed that continuous exposure to EHDPHP could cause duodenal oxidative stress, inflammation, and mucosal barrier damage in chicks, which provided a basis for studying the mechanism of toxic damage caused by EHDPHP in poultry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihan Hu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education, Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, Harbin 150030, China.
| | - Yiming Sun
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education, Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, Harbin 150030, China.
| | - Haolin Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education, Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, Harbin 150030, China.
| | - Linghuan Luo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, Harbin 150030, China.
| | - Haibin Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education, Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, Harbin 150030, China.
| | - Ruili Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, Harbin 150030, China.
| | - Ming Ge
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education, Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, Harbin 150030, China.
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2
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Mills BJ, Godamudunage MP, Ren S, Laha M. Predictive Nature of High-Throughput Assays in ADC Formulation Screening. J Pharm Sci 2023; 112:1821-1831. [PMID: 37037342 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2023.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
Abstract
Utilization of high-throughput biophysical screening techniques during early screening studies is warranted due to the limited amount of material and large number of samples. But the predictability of the data to longer-term storage stability is critical as the high-throughput methods assist in defining the design space for the longer-term studies. In this study, the biophysical properties of two ADCs in 16 formulation conditions were evaluated using high-throughput techniques. Conformational stability and colloidal stability were evaluated by determining Tm values, kD, B22, and Tagg. In addition, the samples were placed on stability and the extent of aggregate formation over the 8-week interval was determined. The rank order of the 16 different formulations in the high-throughput assays was compared to the rank order observed during the stability studies to assess the predictive capabilities of the screening methods. It was demonstrated that similar rank orders can be expected between high-throughput physical stability indicating assays such as Tagg and B22 and traditional aggregation by SEC data, whereas conformational stability read-outs (Tm) are less predictive. In addition, the high-throughput assays appropriately identified the poor performing formulation conditions, which is ultimately what is desired of screening assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brittney J Mills
- Biologics CMC Drug Product Development, AbbVie Inc., 1 N Waukegan Road, North Chicago, IL 60064, United States.
| | - Malika P Godamudunage
- Biologics CMC Drug Product Development, AbbVie Inc., 1 N Waukegan Road, North Chicago, IL 60064, United States
| | - Siyuan Ren
- Biologics CMC Drug Product Development, AbbVie Inc., 1 N Waukegan Road, North Chicago, IL 60064, United States
| | - Malabika Laha
- Biologics CMC Drug Product Development, AbbVie Inc., 1 N Waukegan Road, North Chicago, IL 60064, United States
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3
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Reese H, Bordelon T, Shanahan C, Crapanzano M, Sly J, Menegatti S. Novel peptoid-based adsorbents for purifying IgM and IgG from polyclonal and recombinant sources. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2020; 1137:121909. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2019.121909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Revised: 11/24/2019] [Accepted: 11/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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4
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Wang W, Ohtake S. Science and art of protein formulation development. Int J Pharm 2019; 568:118505. [PMID: 31306712 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2019.118505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2019] [Revised: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Protein pharmaceuticals have become a significant class of marketed drug products and are expected to grow steadily over the next decade. Development of a commercial protein product is, however, a rather complex process. A critical step in this process is formulation development, enabling the final product configuration. A number of challenges still exist in the formulation development process. This review is intended to discuss these challenges, to illustrate the basic formulation development processes, and to compare the options and strategies in practical formulation development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- Biological Development, Bayer USA, LLC, 800 Dwight Way, Berkeley, CA 94710, United States.
| | - Satoshi Ohtake
- Pharmaceutical Research and Development, Pfizer Biotherapeutics Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chesterfield, MO 63017, United States
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5
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Rodler A, Ueberbacher R, Beyer B, Jungbauer A. Calorimetry for studying the adsorption of proteins in hydrophobic interaction chromatography. Prep Biochem Biotechnol 2019; 49:1-20. [DOI: 10.1080/10826068.2018.1487852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Agnes Rodler
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
- Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology, Vienna, Austria
| | - Rene Ueberbacher
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Beate Beyer
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
- Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology, Vienna, Austria
| | - Alois Jungbauer
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
- Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology, Vienna, Austria
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6
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Beyer B, Jungbauer A. Conformational changes of antibodies upon adsorption onto hydrophobic interaction chromatography surfaces. J Chromatogr A 2018; 1552:60-66. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2018.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2018] [Revised: 03/14/2018] [Accepted: 04/04/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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7
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Schaefer JV, Sedlák E, Kast F, Nemergut M, Plückthun A. Modification of the kinetic stability of immunoglobulin G by solvent additives. MAbs 2018. [PMID: 29537925 DOI: 10.1080/19420862.2018.1450126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Biophysical properties of antibody-based biopharmaceuticals are a critical part of their release criteria. In this context, finding the appropriate formulation is equally important as optimizing their intrinsic biophysical properties through protein engineering, and both are mutually dependent. Most previous studies have empirically tested the impact of additives on measures of colloidal stability, while mechanistic aspects have usually been limited to only the thermodynamic stability of the protein. Here we emphasize the kinetic impact of additives on the irreversible denaturation steps of immunoglobulins G (IgG) and their antigen-binding fragments (Fabs), as these are the key committed steps preceding aggregation, and thus especially informative in elucidating the molecular parameters of activity loss. We examined the effects of ten additives on the conformational kinetic stability by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), using a recently developed three-step model containing both reversible and irreversible steps. The data highlight and help to rationalize different effects of the additives on the properties of full-length IgG, analyzed by onset and aggregation temperatures as well as by kinetic parameters derived from our model. Our results further help to explain the observation that stabilizing mutations in the antigen-binding fragment (Fab) significantly affect the kinetic parameters of its thermal denaturation, but not the aggregation properties of the full-length IgGs. We show that the proper analysis of DSC scans for full-length IgGs and their corresponding Fabs not only helps in ranking their stability in different formats and formulations, but provides important mechanistic insights for improving the conformational kinetic stability of IgGs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas V Schaefer
- a Department of Biochemistry , University of Zurich , Winterthurerstrasse 190, Zurich , Switzerland
| | - Erik Sedlák
- a Department of Biochemistry , University of Zurich , Winterthurerstrasse 190, Zurich , Switzerland.,b Center for Interdisciplinary Biosciences, P.J. Šafárik University , Jesenná 5, Košice , Slovakia
| | - Florian Kast
- a Department of Biochemistry , University of Zurich , Winterthurerstrasse 190, Zurich , Switzerland
| | - Michal Nemergut
- c Department of Biophysics , P.J. Šafárik University , Jesenná 5, Košice , Slovakia
| | - Andreas Plückthun
- a Department of Biochemistry , University of Zurich , Winterthurerstrasse 190, Zurich , Switzerland
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8
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Manning MC, Liu J, Li T, Holcomb RE. Rational Design of Liquid Formulations of Proteins. THERAPEUTIC PROTEINS AND PEPTIDES 2018; 112:1-59. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.apcsb.2018.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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9
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Pettit DK, Rogers RS, Arthur K, Brodsky Y, Clark RH, Crowell C, Ennis J, Gillespie A, Gillespie R, Livingston B, Nalbandian E, Pace D, Smidt P, Pauly M, Timmons K, Trentalange M, Whaley KJ, Zeitlin L, Thomas JN. CHO cell production and sequence improvement in the 13C6FR1 anti-Ebola antibody. MAbs 2016; 8:347-57. [PMID: 26761424 DOI: 10.1080/19420862.2015.1127492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Abstract
From March 2014 through February 2015, the Ebola virus spread rapidly in West Africa, resulting in almost 30,000 infections and approximately 10,000 deaths. With no approved therapeutic options available, an experimental antibody cocktail known as ZMapp™ was administered to patients on a limited compassionate-use basis. The supply of ZMapp™ was highly constrained at the time because it was in preclinical development and a novel production system (tobacco plants) was being used for manufacturing. To increase the production of ZMapp™ for an uncertain future demand, a consortium was formed in the fall of 2014 to quickly manufacture these anti-Ebola antibodies in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells using bioreactors for production at a scale appropriate for thousands of doses. As a result of the efforts of this consortium, valuable lessons were learned about the processing of the antibodies in a CHO-based system. One of the ZMapp™ cocktail antibodies, known as c13C6FR1, had been sequence-optimized in the framework region for production in tobacco and engineered as a chimeric antibody. When transfected into CHO cells with the unaltered sequence, 13C6FR1 was difficult to process. This report describes efforts to produce 13C6FR1 and the parental murine hybridoma sequence, 13C6mu, in CHO cells, and provides evidence for the insertion of a highly conserved framework amino acid that improved the physical properties necessary for high-level expression and purification. Furthermore, it describes the technical and logistical lessons learned that may be beneficial in the event of a future Ebola virus or other pandemic viral outbreaks where mAbs are considered potential therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Jane Ennis
- c Mapp Biopharmaceutical Inc , San Diego , CA USA
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10
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Klaus T, Bzowska M, Kulesza M, Kabat AM, Jemioła-Rzemińska M, Czaplicki D, Makuch K, Jucha J, Karabasz A, Bereta J. Agglutinating mouse IgG3 compares favourably with IgMs in typing of the blood group B antigen: Functionality and stability studies. Sci Rep 2016; 6:30938. [PMID: 27484487 PMCID: PMC4971511 DOI: 10.1038/srep30938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2016] [Accepted: 07/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Mouse immunoglobulins M (IgMs) that recognize human blood group antigens induce haemagglutination and are used worldwide for diagnostic blood typing. Contrary to the current belief that IgGs are too small to simultaneously bind antigens on two different erythrocytes, we obtained agglutinating mouse IgG3 that recognized antigen B of the human ABO blood group system. Mouse IgG3 is an intriguing isotype that has the ability to form Fc-dependent oligomers. However, F(ab′)2 fragments of the IgG3 were sufficient to agglutinate type B red blood cells; therefore, IgG3-triggered agglutination did not require oligomerization. Molecular modelling indicated that mouse IgG3 has a larger range of Fab arms than other mouse IgG subclasses and that the unique properties of mouse IgG3 are likely due to the structure of its hinge region. With a focus on applications in diagnostics, we compared the stability of IgG3 and two IgMs in formulated blood typing reagents using an accelerated storage approach and differential scanning calorimetry. IgG3 was much more stable than IgMs. Interestingly, the rapid decrease in IgM activity was caused by aggregation of the molecules and a previously unknown posttranslational proteolytic processing of the μ heavy chain. Our data point to mouse IgG3 as a potent diagnostic tool.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Klaus
- Malopolska Centre of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University in Kraków, Gronostajowa 7A, 30-387 Kraków, Poland.,Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University in Kraków, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387 Kraków, Poland
| | - Monika Bzowska
- Malopolska Centre of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University in Kraków, Gronostajowa 7A, 30-387 Kraków, Poland.,Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University in Kraków, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387 Kraków, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Kulesza
- Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University in Kraków, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387 Kraków, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Martyna Kabat
- Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University in Kraków, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387 Kraków, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Jemioła-Rzemińska
- Malopolska Centre of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University in Kraków, Gronostajowa 7A, 30-387 Kraków, Poland.,Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University in Kraków, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387 Kraków, Poland
| | - Dominik Czaplicki
- Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University in Kraków, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387 Kraków, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Makuch
- Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University in Kraków, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387 Kraków, Poland
| | - Jarosław Jucha
- Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University in Kraków, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387 Kraków, Poland
| | - Alicja Karabasz
- Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University in Kraków, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387 Kraków, Poland
| | - Joanna Bereta
- Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University in Kraków, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387 Kraków, Poland
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11
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Engineering long shelf life multi-layer biologically active surfaces on microfluidic devices for point of care applications. Sci Rep 2016; 6:21163. [PMID: 26883474 PMCID: PMC4756328 DOI: 10.1038/srep21163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2014] [Accepted: 01/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Although materials and engineered surfaces are broadly utilized in creating assays and devices with wide applications in diagnostics, preservation of these immuno-functionalized surfaces on microfluidic devices remains a significant challenge to create reliable repeatable assays that would facilitate patient care in resource-constrained settings at the point-of-care (POC), where reliable electricity and refrigeration are lacking. To address this challenge, we present an innovative approach to stabilize surfaces on-chip with multiple layers of immunochemistry. The functionality of microfluidic devices using the presented method is evaluated at room temperature for up to 6-month shelf life. We integrated the preserved microfluidic devices with a lensless complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) imaging platform to count CD4+ T cells from a drop of unprocessed whole blood targeting applications at the POC such as HIV management and monitoring. The developed immunochemistry stabilization method can potentially be applied broadly to other diagnostic immuno-assays such as viral load measurements, chemotherapy monitoring, and biomarker detection for cancer patients at the POC.
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12
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13
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Wang S, Zhang N, Hu T, Dai W, Feng X, Zhang X, Qian F. Viscosity-Lowering Effect of Amino Acids and Salts on Highly Concentrated Solutions of Two IgG1 Monoclonal Antibodies. Mol Pharm 2015; 12:4478-87. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.5b00643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shujing Wang
- School
of Pharmaceutical Sciences
and Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of
Infectious Diseases, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Ning Zhang
- China R&D and Scientific Affair, Shanghai Discovery Center, Janssen Research & Development, Johnson & Johnson, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Tao Hu
- China R&D and Scientific Affair, Shanghai Discovery Center, Janssen Research & Development, Johnson & Johnson, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Weiguo Dai
- Janssen Research & Development, Johnson & Johnson, Malvern, Pennsylvania 19355, United States
| | - Xiuying Feng
- China R&D and Scientific Affair, Shanghai Discovery Center, Janssen Research & Development, Johnson & Johnson, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Xinyi Zhang
- School
of Pharmaceutical Sciences
and Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of
Infectious Diseases, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Feng Qian
- School
of Pharmaceutical Sciences
and Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of
Infectious Diseases, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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14
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Mueller M, Loh MQT, Gagnon P. Suppression of IgM Proteolysis by Conformational Stabilization Through Excipients. Sci Pharm 2015; 83:401-10. [PMID: 26839826 PMCID: PMC4727821 DOI: 10.3797/scipharm.1501-12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2015] [Accepted: 03/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Protease activity from host cell lines may cause product loss or affect the quality of recombinant proteins. In this study, we showed that excipients like glycine and sorbitol reduce the proteolysis of an immunoglobulin M (IgM) in the presence of added proteases like α-chymotrypsin, papain, and pepsin. The activity of the proteases in the IgM-protective environments was conserved or even enhanced as tested using low molecular weight substrates. Thus, a higher resistance against proteolytic degradation appears to be caused by the conformational stabilization of the IgM due to preferential exclusion of sorbitol and glycine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Mueller
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
- Bioprocessing Technology Institute, A*STAR, 20 Biopolis Way, #06-01, Centros, 138668, Singapore
| | - Maybelle Q. T. Loh
- Bioprocessing Technology Institute, A*STAR, 20 Biopolis Way, #06-01, Centros, 138668, Singapore
| | - Pete Gagnon
- Bioprocessing Technology Institute, A*STAR, 20 Biopolis Way, #06-01, Centros, 138668, Singapore
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15
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Enhanced cutinase-catalyzed hydrolysis of polyethylene terephthalate by covalent fusion to hydrophobins. Appl Environ Microbiol 2015; 81:3586-92. [PMID: 25795674 DOI: 10.1128/aem.04111-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2014] [Accepted: 02/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cutinases have shown potential for hydrolysis of the recalcitrant synthetic polymer polyethylene terephthalate (PET). We have shown previously that the rate of this hydrolysis can be enhanced by the addition of hydrophobins, small fungal proteins that can alter the physicochemical properties of surfaces. Here we have investigated whether the PET-hydrolyzing activity of a bacterial cutinase from Thermobifida cellulosilytica (Thc_Cut1) would be further enhanced by fusion to one of three Trichoderma hydrophobins, i.e., the class II hydrophobins HFB4 and HFB7 and the pseudo-class I hydrophobin HFB9b. The fusion enzymes exhibited decreased kcat values on soluble substrates (p-nitrophenyl acetate and p-nitrophenyl butyrate) and strongly decreased the hydrophilicity of glass but caused only small changes in the hydrophobicity of PET. When the enzyme was fused to HFB4 or HFB7, the hydrolysis of PET was enhanced >16-fold over the level with the free enzyme, while a mixture of the enzyme and the hydrophobins led only to a 4-fold increase at most. Fusion with the non-class II hydrophobin HFB9b did not increase the rate of hydrolysis over that of the enzyme-hydrophobin mixture, but HFB9b performed best when PET was preincubated with the hydrophobins before enzyme treatment. The pattern of hydrolysis by the fusion enzymes differed from that of Thc_Cut1 as the concentration of the product mono(2-hydroxyethyl) terephthalate relative to that of the main product, terephthalic acid, increased. Small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) analysis revealed an increased scattering contrast of the fusion proteins over that of the free proteins, suggesting a change in conformation or enhanced protein aggregation. Our data show that the level of hydrolysis of PET by cutinase can be significantly increased by fusion to hydrophobins. The data further suggest that this likely involves binding of the hydrophobins to the cutinase and changes in the conformation of its active center.
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16
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Brader ML, Estey T, Bai S, Alston RW, Lucas KK, Lantz S, Landsman P, Maloney KM. Examination of Thermal Unfolding and Aggregation Profiles of a Series of Developable Therapeutic Monoclonal Antibodies. Mol Pharm 2015; 12:1005-17. [DOI: 10.1021/mp400666b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mark L. Brader
- Protein Pharmaceutical Development, Biogen Idec, 14 Cambridge Center, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
| | - Tia Estey
- Protein Pharmaceutical Development, Biogen Idec, 14 Cambridge Center, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
| | - Shujun Bai
- Protein Pharmaceutical Development, Biogen Idec, 14 Cambridge Center, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
| | - Roy W. Alston
- Protein Pharmaceutical Development, Biogen Idec, 14 Cambridge Center, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
| | - Karin K. Lucas
- Protein Pharmaceutical Development, Biogen Idec, 14 Cambridge Center, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
| | - Steven Lantz
- Protein Pharmaceutical Development, Biogen Idec, 14 Cambridge Center, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
| | - Pavel Landsman
- Protein Pharmaceutical Development, Biogen Idec, 14 Cambridge Center, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
| | - Kevin M. Maloney
- Protein Pharmaceutical Development, Biogen Idec, 14 Cambridge Center, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
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17
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Razinkov VI, Treuheit MJ, Becker GW. Accelerated formulation development of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) and mAb-based modalities: review of methods and tools. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 20:468-83. [PMID: 25576149 DOI: 10.1177/1087057114565593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
More therapeutic monoclonal antibodies and antibody-based modalities are in development today than ever before, and a faster and more accurate drug discovery process will ensure that the number of candidates coming to the biopharmaceutical pipeline will increase in the future. The process of drug product development and, specifically, formulation development is a critical bottleneck on the way from candidate selection to fully commercialized medicines. This article reviews the latest advances in methods of formulation screening, which allow not only the high-throughput selection of the most suitable formulation but also the prediction of stability properties under manufacturing and long-term storage conditions. We describe how the combination of automation technologies and high-throughput assays creates the opportunity to streamline the formulation development process starting from early preformulation screening through to commercial formulation development. The application of quality by design (QbD) concepts and modern statistical tools are also shown here to be very effective in accelerated formulation development of both typical antibodies and complex modalities derived from them.
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18
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Perlstein H, Turovsky T, Gimeson P, Cohen R, Rubinstein A, Danino D, Barenholz Y. Thermotropic behavior of celecoxib-loaded beta-casein micelles: relevance to the improved bioavailability. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NANOMEDICINE 2015. [DOI: 10.1515/ejnm-2015-0023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
AbstractThe physico-chemical characterization of novel celecoxib-loaded beta-casein micelles (Cx/bCN) was recently described and its superiority in enhancing celecoxib bioavailability after intraduodenal administration to pigs was demonstrated. Here, using solution differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) combined with analysis of size distribution by DLS, zeta potential and changes in composition we demonstrate that the above superiority may be related to the thermotropic behavior of these micelles under physiological conditions. DSC of Cx/bCN reveals a characteristic irreversible exotherm upon heating, having its temperature of maximal change in heat capacity (T
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Poma A, Brahmbhatt H, Watts JK, Turner NW. Nucleoside-Tailored Molecularly Imprinted Polymeric Nanoparticles (MIP NPs). Macromolecules 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/ma501530c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Poma
- Department
of Life, Health and Chemical Sciences, The Open University, Milton Keynes MK7 6AA, United Kingdom
| | - Heli Brahmbhatt
- Department
of Life, Health and Chemical Sciences, The Open University, Milton Keynes MK7 6AA, United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan K. Watts
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom
| | - Nicholas W. Turner
- Department
of Life, Health and Chemical Sciences, The Open University, Milton Keynes MK7 6AA, United Kingdom
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Longet S, Vonarburg C, Lötscher M, Miescher S, Zuercher A, Corthésy B. Reconstituted human polyclonal plasma-derived secretory-like IgM and IgA maintain the barrier function of epithelial cells infected with an enteropathogen. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:21617-26. [PMID: 24951593 PMCID: PMC4118121 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.549139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2014] [Revised: 06/13/2014] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Intravenous administration of polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies has proven to be a clinically valid approach in the treatment, or at least relief, of many acute and chronic pathologies, such as infection, immunodeficiency, and a broad range of autoimmune conditions. Plasma-derived IgG or recombinant IgG are most frequently used for intravenous or subcutaneous administration, whereas a few IgM-based products are available as well. We have established recently that secretory-like IgA and IgM can be produced upon association of plasma-derived polymeric IgA and IgM with a recombinant secretory component. As a next step toward potential future mucosal administration, we sought to unravel the mechanisms by which these secretory Igs protect epithelial cells located at the interface between the environment and the inside of the body. By using polarized epithelial Caco-2 cell monolayers and Shigella flexneri as a model enteropathogen, we found that polyspecific plasma-derived SIgA and SIgM fulfill many protective functions, including dose-dependent recognition of the antigen via formation of aggregated immune complexes, reduction of bacterial infectivity, maintenance of epithelial cell integrity, and inhibition of proinflammatory cytokine/chemokine production by epithelial cells. In this in vitro model devoid of other cellular or molecular interfering partners, IgM and secretory IgM showed stronger bacterial neutralization than secretory IgA. Together, these data suggest that mucosally delivered antibody preparations may be most effective when combining both secretory-like IgA and IgM, which, together, play a crucial role in preserving several levels of epithelial cell integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stéphanie Longet
- From the R&D Laboratory of the Division of Immunology and Allergy, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Rue du Bugnon, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland and
| | | | - Marius Lötscher
- CSL Behring AG, Wankdorfstrasse 10, 3000 Bern 22, Switzerland
| | - Sylvia Miescher
- CSL Behring AG, Wankdorfstrasse 10, 3000 Bern 22, Switzerland
| | - Adrian Zuercher
- CSL Behring AG, Wankdorfstrasse 10, 3000 Bern 22, Switzerland
| | - Blaise Corthésy
- From the R&D Laboratory of the Division of Immunology and Allergy, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Rue du Bugnon, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland and CSL Behring AG, Wankdorfstrasse 10, 3000 Bern 22, Switzerland
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