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Liu Y, Wu P, Li B, Wang W, Zhu B. Phosphoribosyltransferases and Their Roles in Plant Development and Abiotic Stress Response. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11828. [PMID: 37511586 PMCID: PMC10380321 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241411828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Glycosylation is a widespread glycosyl modification that regulates gene expression and metabolite bioactivity in all life processes of plants. Phosphoribosylation is a special glycosyl modification catalyzed by phosphoribosyltransferase (PRTase), which functions as a key step in the biosynthesis pathway of purine and pyrimidine nucleotides, histidine, tryptophan, and coenzyme NAD(P)+ to control the production of these essential metabolites. Studies in the past decades have reported that PRTases are indispensable for plant survival and thriving, whereas the complicated physiological role of PRTases in plant life and their crosstalk is not well understood. Here, we comprehensively overview and critically discuss the recent findings on PRTases, including their classification, as well as the function and crosstalk in regulating plant development, abiotic stress response, and the balance of growth and stress responses. This review aims to increase the understanding of the role of plant PRTase and also contribute to future research on the trade-off between plant growth and stress response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Liu
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Peiwen Wu
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Bowen Li
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Weihao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Benzhong Zhu
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
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Li H, Li L, Wu W, Wang F, Zhou F, Lin Y. SvSTL1 in the large subunit family of ribonucleotide reductases plays a major role in chloroplast development of Setaria viridis. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2022; 111:625-641. [PMID: 35608125 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.15842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Ribonucleotide reductases (RNRs) are essential enzymes in DNA synthesis. However, little is known about the RNRs in plants. Here, we identified a svstl1 mutant from the self-created ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS) mutant library of Setaria viridis. The mutant leaves exhibited a bleaching phenotype at the heading stage. Paraffin section analysis showed the destruction of the C4 Kranz anatomy. Transmission electron microscopy results further demonstrated the severely disturbed development of some chloroplasts. MutMap analysis revealed that the SvSTL1 gene is the primary candidate, encoding a large subunit of RNRs. Complementation experiments confirmed that SvSTL1 is responsible for the phenotype of svstl1. There are two additional RNR large subunit homologs in S. viridis, SvSTL2 and SvSTL3. To further understand the functions of these three RNR large subunit genes, a series of mutants were generated via CRISPR/Cas9 technology. In striking contrast to the finding that all three SvSTLs interact with the RNR small subunit, the phenotype varied along with the copies of chloroplast genome among different svstl single mutants: the svstl1 mutant exhibited pronounced chloroplast development and significantly fewer copies of the chloroplast genome than the svstl2 or svstl3 single mutants. These results suggested that SvSTL1 plays a major role in the optimal function of RNRs and is essential for chloroplast development. Furthermore, through the analysis of double and triple mutants, the study provides new insights into the finely tuned coordination among SvSTLs to maintain normal chloroplast development in the emerging C4 model plant S. viridis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanying Li
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Lin Li
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Weichen Wu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Fei Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Fei Zhou
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Yongjun Lin
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
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Yu HW, Lu ZH, Wang X, Liu D, He JX, Jiang XL, Ke LJ, Guo WW, Deng XX, Xu Q. Identification of a delayed leaf greening gene from a mutation of pummelo. SCIENCE CHINA. LIFE SCIENCES 2021; 64:1165-1173. [PMID: 33009992 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-020-1790-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/01/2020] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Delayed greening of young leaves is an unusual phenomenon of plants in nature. Citrus are mostly evergreen tree species. Here, a natural mutant of "Guanxi" pummelo (Citrus maxima), which shows yellow leaves at the young stage, was characterized to identify the genes underlying the trait of delayed leaf greening in plants. A segregating population with this mutant as the seed parent and a normal genotype as the pollen parent was generated. Two DNA pools respectively from the leaves of segregating seedlings with extreme phenotypes of normal leaf greening and delayed leaf greening were collected for sequencing. Bulked segregant analysis (BSA) and InDel marker analysis demonstrated that the delayed leaf greening trait is governed by a 0.3 Mb candidate region on chromosome 6. Gene expression analysis further identified a key candidate gene (Citrus Delayed Greening gene 1, CDG1) in the 0.3 Mb region, which showed significantly differential expression between the genotypes with delayed and normal leaf greening phenotypes. There was a 67 bp InDel region difference in the CDG1 promoter and the InDel region contains a TATA-box element. Confocal laser-scanning microscopy revealed that the CDG1-GFP fusion protein signals were co-localized with the chloroplast signals in the protoplasts. Overexpression of CDG1 in tobacco and Arabidopsis led to the phenotype of delayed leaf greening. These results suggest that the CDG1 gene is involved in controlling the delayed leaf greening phenotype with important functions in chloroplast development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Wen Yu
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (Ministry of Education), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Landscape Plants with Fujian and Taiwan Characteristics of Fujian Colleges and Universities, Minnan Normal University, Zhangzhou, 363000, China
| | - Zhi-Hao Lu
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (Ministry of Education), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Xia Wang
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (Ministry of Education), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Dan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (Ministry of Education), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Jia-Xian He
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (Ministry of Education), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Xiao-Lin Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (Ministry of Education), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Ling-Jun Ke
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (Ministry of Education), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Landscape Plants with Fujian and Taiwan Characteristics of Fujian Colleges and Universities, Minnan Normal University, Zhangzhou, 363000, China
| | - Wen-Wu Guo
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (Ministry of Education), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Xiu-Xin Deng
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (Ministry of Education), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Qiang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (Ministry of Education), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
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Quantification of guanosine triphosphate and tetraphosphate in plants and algae using stable isotope-labelled internal standards. Talanta 2020; 219:121261. [PMID: 32887152 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2020.121261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Guanosine tetraphosphate (G4P) and guanosine pentaphosphate (G5P) are signalling nucleotides found in bacteria and photosynthetic eukaryotes that are implicated in a wide-range of processes including stress acclimation, developmental transitions and growth control. Measurements of G4P/G5P levels are essential for studying the diverse roles of these nucleotides. However, G4P/G5P quantification is particularly challenging in plants and algae due to lower cellular concentrations, compartmentalization and high metabolic complexity. Despite recent advances the speed and accuracy of G4P quantification in plants and algae can still be improved. Here, we report a new approach for rapid and accurate G4P quantification which relies on the use of synthesized stable isotope-labelled as internal standards. We anticipate that this approach will accelerate research into the function of G4P signaling in plants, algae and other organisms.
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Cao X, Du B, Han F, Zhou Y, Ren J, Wang W, Chen Z, Zhang Y. Crystal Structure of the Chloroplastic Glutamine Phosphoribosylpyrophosphate Amidotransferase GPRAT2 From Arabidopsis thaliana. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:157. [PMID: 32174940 PMCID: PMC7056826 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.00157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Chloroplastic glutamine phosphoribosylpyrophosphate amidotransferase (GPRATase) catalyzes the first committed step of de novo purine biosynthesis in Arabidopsis thaliana, and DAS734 is a direct and specific inhibitor of AtGPRAT, with phytotoxic effects similar to the leaf beaching phenotypes of known AtGPRAT genetic mutants, especially cia1 and atd2. However, the structure of AtGPRAT and the inhibition mode of DAS734 still remain poorly understood. In this study, we solved the structure of AtGPRAT2, which revealed structural differences between AtGPRAT2 and bacterial enzymes. Kinetics assay demonstrated that DAS734 behaves as a competitive inhibitor for the substrate phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate (PRPP) of AtGPRAT2. Docking studies showed that DAS734 forms electrostatic interactions with R264 and hydrophobic interactions with several residues, which was verified by binding assays. Collectively, our study provides important insights into the inhibition mechanism of DAS734 to AtGPRAT2 and sheds light on future studies into further development of more potent herbicides targeting Arabidopsis GPRATases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueli Cao
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioprocess, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Bowen Du
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioprocess, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Fengjiao Han
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioprocess, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Zhou
- Department of Computational Chemistry, National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Junhui Ren
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioprocess, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Wenhe Wang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioprocess, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Zeliang Chen
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioprocess, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases in Northeast China, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioprocess, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Yi Zhang,
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Dong Q, Zhang YX, Zhou Q, Liu QE, Chen DB, Wang H, Cheng SH, Cao LY, Shen XH. UMP Kinase Regulates Chloroplast Development and Cold Response in Rice. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E2107. [PMID: 31035645 PMCID: PMC6539431 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20092107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Revised: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Pyrimidine nucleotides are important metabolites that are building blocks of nucleic acids, which participate in various aspects of plant development. Only a few genes involved in pyrimidine metabolism have been identified in rice and the majority of their functions remain unclear. In this study, we used a map-based cloning strategy to isolate a UMPK gene in rice, encoding the UMP kinase that phosphorylates UMP to form UDP, from a recessive mutant with pale-green leaves. In the mutant, UDP content always decreased, while UTP content fluctuated with the development of leaves. Mutation of UMPK reduced chlorophyll contents and decreased photosynthetic capacity. In the mutant, transcription of plastid-encoded RNA polymerase-dependent genes, including psaA, psbB, psbC and petB, was significantly reduced, whereas transcription of nuclear-encoded RNA polymerase-dependent genes, including rpoA, rpoB, rpoC1, and rpl23, was elevated. The expression of UMPK was significantly induced by various stresses, including cold, heat, and drought. Increased sensitivity to cold stress was observed in the mutant, based on the survival rate and malondialdehyde content. High accumulation of hydrogen peroxide was found in the mutant, which was enhanced by cold treatment. Our results indicate that the UMP kinase gene plays important roles in regulating chloroplast development and stress response in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Key Laboratory for Zhejiang Super Rice Research, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China.
| | - Ying-Xin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Key Laboratory for Zhejiang Super Rice Research, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China.
| | - Quan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Key Laboratory for Zhejiang Super Rice Research, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China.
| | - Qun-En Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Key Laboratory for Zhejiang Super Rice Research, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China.
| | - Dai-Bo Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Key Laboratory for Zhejiang Super Rice Research, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China.
| | - Hong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Key Laboratory for Zhejiang Super Rice Research, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China.
| | - Shi-Hua Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Key Laboratory for Zhejiang Super Rice Research, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China.
| | - Li-Yong Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Key Laboratory for Zhejiang Super Rice Research, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China.
| | - Xi-Hong Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Key Laboratory for Zhejiang Super Rice Research, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China.
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Cao P, Ren Y, Liu X, Zhang T, Zhang P, Xiao L, Zhang F, Liu S, Jiang L, Wan J. Purine nucleotide biosynthetic gene GARS controls early chloroplast development in rice (Oryza sativa L.). PLANT CELL REPORTS 2019; 38:183-194. [PMID: 30499032 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-018-2360-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2018] [Accepted: 11/22/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
GARS encodes an enzyme catalyzing the second step of purine nucleotide biosynthesis and plays an important role to maintain the development of chloroplasts in juvenile plants by affecting the expression of plastid-encoded genes. A series of rice white striped mutants were previously described. In this research, we characterized a novel gars mutant with white striped leaves at the seedling stage. By positional cloning, we identified the mutated gene, which encodes a glycinamide ribonucleotide synthetase (GARS) that catalyzes the second step of purine nucleotide biosynthesis. Thylakoid membranes were less abundant in the albinic sectors of mutant seedling leaves compared to the wild type. The expression levels of genes involved in chlorophyll synthesis and photosynthesis were changed. Contents of ATP, ADP, AMP, GTP and GDP, which are crucial for plant growth and development, were decreased in the mutant seedlings. Complementation and CrispR tests confirmed the role of the GARS allele, which was expressed in all rice tissues, especially in the leaves. GARS protein displayed a typical chloroplast location pattern in rice protoplasts. Our results indicated that GARS was involved in chloroplast development at early leaf development by affecting the expression of plastid-encoded genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Penghui Cao
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Yakun Ren
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Xi Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Tianyu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Ping Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Lianjie Xiao
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Fulin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Shijia Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Ling Jiang
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
| | - Jianmin Wan
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China.
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Yu QB, Zhao TT, Ye LS, Cheng L, Wu YQ, Huang C, Yang ZN. pTAC10, an S1-domain-containing component of the transcriptionally active chromosome complex, is essential for plastid gene expression in Arabidopsis thaliana and is phosphorylated by chloroplast-targeted casein kinase II. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2018; 137:69-83. [PMID: 29330702 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-018-0479-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2017] [Accepted: 12/28/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In higher plant chloroplasts, the plastid-encoded RNA polymerase (PEP) consists of four catalytic subunits and numerous nuclear-encoded accessory proteins, including pTAC10, an S1-domain-containing protein. In this study, pTAC10 knockout lines were characterized. Two ptac10 mutants had an albino phenotype and severely impaired chloroplast development. The pTAC10 genomic sequence fused to a four-tandem MYC tag driven by its own promoter functionally complemented the ptac10-1 mutant phenotype. pTAC10 was present in both the chloroplast stroma and thylakoids. Two-dimensional blue native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (BN-PAGE), and immunoblotting assays showed that pTAC10:MYC co-migrates with one of the PEP core subunits, RpoB. A comprehensive investigation of the plastid gene expression profiles by quantitative RT-PCR revealed that, compared with wild-type plants, the abundance of PEP-dependent plastid transcripts is severely decreased in the ptac10-1 mutant, while the amount of plastid transcripts exclusively transcribed by NEP either barely changes or even increases. RNA blot analysis confirmed that PEP-dependent chloroplast transcripts, including psaB, psbA and rbcL, substantially decrease in the ptac10-1 mutant. Immunoblotting showed reduced accumulation of most chloroplast proteins in the ptac10 mutants. These data indicate the essential role of pTAC10 in plastid gene expression and plastid development. pTAC10 interacts with chloroplast-targeted casein kinase 2 (cpCK2) in vitro and in vivo and can be phosphorylated by Arabidopsis cpCK2 in vitro at sites Ser95, Ser396 and Ser434. RNA-EMSA assays showed that pTAC10 is able to bind to the psbA, atpE and accD transcripts, suggesting a non-specific RNA-binding activity of pTAC10. The RNA affinity of pTAC10 was enhanced by phosphorylation and decreased by the amino acid substitution Ser434-Ala of pTAC10. These data show that pTAC10 is essential for plastid gene expression in Arabidopsis and that it can be phosphorylated by cpCK2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Bo Yu
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China
| | - Tuan-Tuan Zhao
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China
| | - Lin-Shan Ye
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China
| | - Ling Cheng
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China
| | - Ying-Qian Wu
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China
| | - Chao Huang
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China
| | - Zhong-Nan Yang
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China.
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Fan X, Xu J, Lavoie M, Peijnenburg WJGM, Zhu Y, Lu T, Fu Z, Zhu T, Qian H. Multiwall carbon nanotubes modulate paraquat toxicity in Arabidopsis thaliana. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2018; 233:633-641. [PMID: 29107903 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.10.116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2017] [Revised: 10/05/2017] [Accepted: 10/28/2017] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Carbon nanotubes can be either toxic or beneficial to plant growth and can also modulate toxicity of organic contaminants through surface sorption. The complex interacting toxic effects of carbon nanotubes and organic contaminants in plants have received little attention in the literature to date. In this study, the toxicity of multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNT, 50 mg/L) and paraquat (MV, 0.82 mg/L), separately or in combination, were evaluated at the physiological and the proteomic level in Arabidopsis thaliana for 7-14 days. The results revealed that the exposure to MWCNT had no inhibitory effect on the growth of shoots and leaves. Rather, MWCNT stimulated the relative electron transport rate and the effective photochemical quantum yield of PSII value as compared to the control by around 12% and lateral root production up to nearly 4-fold as compared to the control. The protective effect of MWCNT on MV toxicity on the root surface area could be quantitatively explained by the extent of MV adsorption on MWCNT and was related to stimulation of photosynthesis, antioxidant protection and number and area of lateral roots which in turn helped nutrient assimilation. The influence of MWCNT and MV on photosynthesis and oxidative stress at the physiological level was consistent with the proteomics analysis, with various over-expressed photosynthesis-related proteins (by more than 2 folds) and various under-expressed oxidative stress related proteins (by about 2-3 folds). This study brings new insights into the interactive effects of two xenobiotics (MWCNT and MV) on the physiology of a model plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoji Fan
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, PR China
| | - Jiahui Xu
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, PR China
| | - Michel Lavoie
- Quebec-Ocean and Takuvik Joint International Research Unit, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - W J G M Peijnenburg
- Institute of Environmental Sciences (CML), Leiden University, 2300 RA, Leiden, The Netherlands; National Institute of Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Center for Safety of Substances and Products, P.O. Box 1, Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - Youchao Zhu
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, PR China
| | - Tao Lu
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, PR China
| | - Zhengwei Fu
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, PR China
| | - Tingheng Zhu
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, PR China
| | - Haifeng Qian
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, PR China.
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Ma F, Hu Y, Ju Y, Jiang Q, Cheng Z, Zhang Q. A novel tetratricopeptide repeat protein, WHITE TO GREEN1, is required for early chloroplast development and affects RNA editing in chloroplasts. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2017; 68:5829-5843. [PMID: 29140512 PMCID: PMC5854136 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erx383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2017] [Accepted: 10/05/2017] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The chloroplast is essential for plant photosynthesis and production, but the regulatory mechanism of chloroplast development is still elusive. Here, a novel gene, WHITE TO GREEN1 (WTG1), was identified to have a function in chloroplast development and plastid gene expression by screening Arabidopsis leaf coloration mutants. WTG1 encodes a chloroplast-localized tetratricopeptide repeat protein that is expressed widely in Arabidopsis cells. Disruption of WTG1 suppresses plant growth, retards leaf greening and chloroplast development, and represses photosynthetic gene expression, but complemented expression of WTG1 restored a normal phenotype. Moreover, WTG1 protein is associated with the organelle RNA editing factors MORF8 and MORF9, and RNA editing of the plastid petL-5 and ndhG-50 transcripts was affected in wtg1 mutants. These results indicate that WTG1 affects both transcriptional and posttranscriptional regulation of plastid gene expression, and provide evidence for the involvement of a tetratricopeptide repeat protein in chloroplast RNA editing in Arabidopsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Ma
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Cell Proliferation and Differentiation, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, China
| | - Yingchun Hu
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Cell Proliferation and Differentiation, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, China
| | - Yan Ju
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Cell Proliferation and Differentiation, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, China
| | - Qianru Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Cell Proliferation and Differentiation, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, China
| | - Zhijun Cheng
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China
| | - Quan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Cell Proliferation and Differentiation, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, China
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