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Cun Z, Xu XZ, Zhang JY, Shuang SP, Wu HM, An TX, Chen JW. Responses of photosystem to long-term light stress in a typically shade-tolerant species Panax notoginseng. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 13:1095726. [PMID: 36714733 PMCID: PMC9878349 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1095726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Photosynthetic adaptive strategies vary with the growth irradiance. The potential photosynthetic adaptive strategies of shade-tolerant species Panax notoginseng (Burkill) F. H. Chen to long-term high light and low light remains unclear. Photosynthetic performance, photosynthesis-related pigments, leaves anatomical characteristics and antioxidant enzyme activities were comparatively determined in P. notoginseng grown under different light regimes. The thickness of the upper epidermis, palisade tissue, and lower epidermis were declined with increasing growth irradiance. Low-light-grown leaves were declined in transpiration rate (Tr) and stomatal conductance (Cond), but intercellular CO2 concentration (C i) and net photosynthesis rate (P n) had opposite trends. The maximum photo-oxidation P 700 + (P m) was greatly reduced in 29.8% full sunlight (FL) plants; The maximum quantum yield of photosystem II (F v/F m) in 0.2% FL plants was significantly lowest. Electron transport, thermal dissipation, and the effective quantum yield of PSI [Y(I)] and PSII [Y(II)] were declined in low-light-grown plants compared with high-light-grown P. notoginseng. The minimum value of non-regulated energy dissipation of PSII [Y(NO)] was recorded in 0.2% FL P. notoginseng. OJIP kinetic curve showed that relative variable fluorescence at J-phase (V J) and the ratio of variable fluorescent F K occupying the F J-F O amplitude (W k) were significantly increased in 0.2% FL plants. However, the increase in W k was lower than the increase in V J. In conclusion, PSI photoinhibition is the underlying sensitivity of the typically shade-tolerant species P. notoginseng to high light, and the photodamage to PSII acceptor side might cause the typically shade-tolerant plants to be unsuitable for long-term low light stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhu Cun
- College of Agronomy & Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwestern China, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Xiang-Zeng Xu
- College of Agronomy & Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwestern China, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- Research Center for Collection and Utilization of Tropical Crop Resources, Yunnan Institute of Tropical Crops, Xishuangbanna, China
| | - Jin-Yan Zhang
- College of Agronomy & Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwestern China, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Sheng-Pu Shuang
- College of Agronomy & Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwestern China, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Hong-Min Wu
- College of Agronomy & Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwestern China, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Tong-Xin An
- College of Agronomy & Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Jun-Wen Chen
- College of Agronomy & Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwestern China, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
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Štroch M, Karlický V, Ilík P, Ilíková I, Opatíková M, Nosek L, Pospíšil P, Svrčková M, Rác M, Roudnický P, Zdráhal Z, Špunda V, Kouřil R. Spruce versus Arabidopsis: different strategies of photosynthetic acclimation to light intensity change. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2022; 154:21-40. [PMID: 35980499 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-022-00949-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The acclimation of higher plants to different light intensities is associated with a reorganization of the photosynthetic apparatus. These modifications, namely, changes in the amount of peripheral antenna (LHCII) of photosystem (PS) II and changes in PSII/PSI stoichiometry, typically lead to an altered chlorophyll (Chl) a/b ratio. However, our previous studies show that in spruce, this ratio is not affected by changes in growth light intensity. The evolutionary loss of PSII antenna proteins LHCB3 and LHCB6 in the Pinaceae family is another indication that the light acclimation strategy in spruce could be different. Here we show that, unlike Arabidopsis, spruce does not modify its PSII/PSI ratio and PSII antenna size to maximize its photosynthetic performance during light acclimation. Its large PSII antenna consists of many weakly bound LHCIIs, which form effective quenching centers, even at relatively low light. This, together with sensitive photosynthetic control on the level of cytochrome b6f complex (protecting PSI), is the crucial photoprotective mechanism in spruce. High-light acclimation of spruce involves the disruption of PSII macro-organization, reduction of the amount of both PSII and PSI core complexes, synthesis of stress proteins that bind released Chls, and formation of "locked-in" quenching centers from uncoupled LHCIIs. Such response has been previously observed in the evergreen angiosperm Monstera deliciosa exposed to high light. We suggest that, in contrast to annuals, shade-tolerant evergreen land plants have their own strategy to cope with light intensity changes and the hallmark of this strategy is a stable Chl a/b ratio.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michal Štroch
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Ostrava, 710 00, Ostrava, Czech Republic.
- Global Change Research Institute, Czech Academy of Sciences, 603 00, Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Václav Karlický
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Ostrava, 710 00, Ostrava, Czech Republic
- Global Change Research Institute, Czech Academy of Sciences, 603 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Ilík
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, 783 71, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Iva Ilíková
- Institute of Experimental Botany, Czech Academy of Sciences, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, 779 00, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Monika Opatíková
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, 783 71, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Lukáš Nosek
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, 783 71, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Pospíšil
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, 783 71, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Marika Svrčková
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, 783 71, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Marek Rác
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, 783 71, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Roudnický
- Mendel Centre for Plant Genomics and Proteomics, Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Zbyněk Zdráhal
- Mendel Centre for Plant Genomics and Proteomics, Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Vladimír Špunda
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Ostrava, 710 00, Ostrava, Czech Republic
- Global Change Research Institute, Czech Academy of Sciences, 603 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Roman Kouřil
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, 783 71, Olomouc, Czech Republic
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Size and Fluorescence Properties of Algal Photosynthetic Antenna Proteins Estimated by Microscopy. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23020778. [PMID: 35054961 PMCID: PMC8775774 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23020778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Antenna proteins play a major role in the regulation of light-harvesting in photosynthesis. However, less is known about a possible link between their sizes (oligomerization state) and fluorescence intensity (number of photons emitted). Here, we used a microscopy-based method, Fluorescence Correlation Spectroscopy (FCS), to analyze different antenna proteins at the particle level. The direct comparison indicated that Chromera Light Harvesting (CLH) antenna particles (isolated from Chromera velia) behaved as the monomeric Light Harvesting Complex II (LHCII) (from higher plants), in terms of their radius (based on the diffusion time) and fluorescence yields. FCS data thus indicated a monomeric oligomerization state of algal CLH antenna (at our experimental conditions) that was later confirmed also by biochemical experiments. Additionally, our data provide a proof of concept that the FCS method is well suited to measure proteins sizes (oligomerization state) and fluorescence intensities (photon counts) of antenna proteins per single particle (monomers and oligomers). We proved that antenna monomers (CLH and LHCIIm) are more "quenched" than the corresponding trimers. The FCS measurement thus represents a useful experimental approach that allows studying the role of antenna oligomerization in the mechanism of photoprotection.
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Zhang J, Shuang S, Zhang L, Xie S, Chen J. Photosynthetic and Photoprotective Responses to Steady-State and Fluctuating Light in the Shade-Demanding Crop Amorphophallus xiei Grown in Intercropping and Monoculture Systems. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:663473. [PMID: 34093621 PMCID: PMC8175988 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.663473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Photosynthetic and photoprotective responses to simulated sunflecks were examined in the shade-demanding crop Amorphophallus xiei intercropped with maize (intercropping condition) or grown in an adjacent open site (monoculture condition). Both intercropping leaves and monoculture leaves exhibited very fast induction responses. The times taken to achieve 90% maximum net photosynthetic rate in intercropping leaves and monoculture leaves were 198.3 ± 27.4 s and 223.7 ± 20.5 s during the photosynthetic induction, respectively. During an 8-min simulated sunfleck, the proportion of excess excited energy dissipated through the xanthophyll cycle-dependent pathway (Φ NPQ) and dissipated through constitutive thermal dissipation and the fluorescence (Φ f, d) pathway increased quickly to its maximum, and then plateaued slowly to a steady state in both intercropping and monoculture leaves. When the illumination was gradually increased within photosystem II (PSII), Φ NPQ increased quicker and to a higher level in monoculture leaves than in intercropping leaves. Relative to their monoculture counterparts, intercropping leaves exhibited a significantly lower accumulation of oxygen free radicals, a significantly higher content of chlorophyll, and a similar content of malondialdehyde. Although monoculture leaves exhibited a larger mass-based pool size of xanthophyll cycle [V (violaxanthin) + A (antheraxanthin) + Z (zeaxanthin)] than intercropping leaves, intercropping leaves had a higher ratio of (Z + A)/(V + Z + A) than monoculture leaves. intercropping leaves had markedly higher glutathione content and ascorbate-peroxidase activity than their monoculture counterparts. Similar activities of catalase, peroxidase, dehydroascorbate reductase, and monodehydroascorbate were found in both systems. Only superoxide dismutase activity and ascorbate content were lower in the intercropping leaves than in their monoculture counterparts. Overall, the xanthophyll cycle-dependent energy dissipation and the enzymatic antioxidant defense system are important for protecting plants from photooxidation in an intercropping system with intense sunflecks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyan Zhang
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwestern China, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Shengpu Shuang
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwestern China, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Ling Zhang
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwestern China, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Shiqing Xie
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwestern China, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Junwen Chen
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwestern China, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
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Virtanen O, Khorobrykh S, Tyystjärvi E. Acclimation of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii to extremely strong light. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2021; 147:91-106. [PMID: 33280077 PMCID: PMC7728646 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-020-00802-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Most photosynthetic organisms are sensitive to very high light, although acclimation mechanisms enable them to deal with exposure to strong light up to a point. Here we show that cultures of wild-type Chlamydomonas reinhardtii strain cc124, when exposed to photosynthetic photon flux density 3000 μmol m-2 s-1 for a couple of days, are able to suddenly attain the ability to grow and thrive. We compared the phenotypes of control cells and cells acclimated to this extreme light (EL). The results suggest that genetic or epigenetic variation, developing during maintenance of the population in moderate light, contributes to the acclimation capability. EL acclimation was associated with a high carotenoid-to-chlorophyll ratio and slowed down PSII charge recombination reactions, probably by affecting the pre-exponential Arrhenius factor of the rate constant. In agreement with these findings, EL acclimated cells showed only one tenth of the 1O2 level of control cells. In spite of low 1O2 levels, the rate of the damaging reaction of PSII photoinhibition was similar in EL acclimated and control cells. Furthermore, EL acclimation was associated with slow PSII electron transfer to artificial quinone acceptors. The data show that ability to grow and thrive in extremely strong light is not restricted to photoinhibition-resistant organisms such as Chlorella ohadii or to high-light tolerant mutants, but a wild-type strain of a common model microalga has this ability as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olli Virtanen
- Department of Biochemistry/Molecular Plant Biology, University of Turku, 20014, Turku, Finland
| | - Sergey Khorobrykh
- Department of Biochemistry/Molecular Plant Biology, University of Turku, 20014, Turku, Finland
| | - Esa Tyystjärvi
- Department of Biochemistry/Molecular Plant Biology, University of Turku, 20014, Turku, Finland.
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Kaňa R, Kotabová E, Šedivá B, Kuthanová Trsková E. Photoprotective strategies in the motile cryptophyte alga Rhodomonas salina-role of non-photochemical quenching, ions, photoinhibition, and cell motility. Folia Microbiol (Praha) 2019; 64:691-703. [PMID: 31352667 DOI: 10.1007/s12223-019-00742-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
We explored photoprotective strategies in a cryptophyte alga Rhodomonas salina. This cryptophytic alga represents phototrophs where chlorophyll a/c antennas in thylakoids are combined with additional light-harvesting system formed by phycobiliproteins in the chloroplast lumen. The fastest response to excessive irradiation is induction of non-photochemical quenching (NPQ). The maximal NPQ appears already after 20 s of excessive irradiation. This initial phase of NPQ is sensitive to Ca2+ channel inhibitor (diltiazem) and disappears, also, in the presence of non-actin, an ionophore for monovalent cations. The prolonged exposure to high light of R. salina cells causes photoinhibition of photosystem II (PSII) that can be further enhanced when Ca2+ fluxes are inhibited by diltiazem. The light-induced reduction in PSII photochemical activity is smaller when compared with immotile diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum. We explain this as a result of their different photoprotective strategies. Besides the protective role of NPQ, the motile R. salina also minimizes high light exposure by increased cell velocity by almost 25% percent (25% from 82 to 104 μm/s). We suggest that motility of algal cells might have a photoprotective role at high light because algal cell rotation around longitudinal axes changes continual irradiation to periodically fluctuating light.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radek Kaňa
- Institute of Microbiology, Centre ALGATECH, Czech Academy of Sciences, Třeboň, Czech Republic.
| | - Eva Kotabová
- Institute of Microbiology, Centre ALGATECH, Czech Academy of Sciences, Třeboň, Czech Republic
| | - Barbora Šedivá
- Institute of Microbiology, Centre ALGATECH, Czech Academy of Sciences, Třeboň, Czech Republic
| | - Eliška Kuthanová Trsková
- Institute of Microbiology, Centre ALGATECH, Czech Academy of Sciences, Třeboň, Czech Republic.,Student of Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branišovská 31, 370 05, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
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Non-photochemical quenching in the cells of the carotenogenic chlorophyte Haematococcus lacustris under favorable conditions and under stress. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2019; 1863:1429-1442. [PMID: 31075358 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2019.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Revised: 04/04/2019] [Accepted: 05/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The microalga Haematococcus lacustris (formerly H. pluvialis) is the richest source of the valuable pigment astaxanthin, accumulated in red aplanospores (haematocysts). In this work, we report on the photoprotective mechanisms in H. lacustris, conveying this microalga its ability to cope with a wide range of adverse conditions, with special emphasis put on non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) of the excited chlorophyll states. We studied the changes in the primary photochemistry of the photosystems (PS) as a function of irradiance and the physiological state. We leveraged the transcriptomic data to gain a deeper insight into possible NPQ mechanisms in this microalga. Peculiar to H. lacustris is a bi-phasic pattern of changes in photoprotection during haematocyst formation. The first phase coincides with a transient rise of photosynthetic activity. Based on transcriptomic data, high NPQ level in the first phase is maintained predominantly by the expression of PsbS and LhcsR proteins. Then, (in mature haematocysts), stress tolerance is achieved by optical shielding by astaxanthin and dramatic reduction of photosynthetic apparatus. In contrast to many microalgae, shielding plays an important role in H. lacistris haematocysts, whereas regulated NPQ is suppressed. Astaxanthin is decoupled from the PS, hence the light energy is not transferred to reaction centers and dissipates as heat. It allows to retain a higher photochemical yield in haematocysts comparing to vegetative cells. The ability of H. lacustris to substitute the "classical" active photoprotective mechanisms such as NPQ with optic shielding and general metabolism quiescence makes this organism a useful model to reveal photoprotection mechanisms.
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Hamdani S, Khan N, Perveen S, Qu M, Jiang J, Zhu XG. Changes in the photosynthesis properties and photoprotection capacity in rice (Oryza sativa) grown under red, blue, or white light. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2019; 139:107-121. [PMID: 30456488 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-018-0589-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) of the excited state of chlorophyll a is a major photoprotective mechanism plants utilize to survive under high light. Here, we report the impact of long-term light quality treatment on photosynthetic properties, especially NPQ in rice. We used three LED-based light regimes, i.e., red (648-672 nm), blue (438-460 nm), and "warm" white light (529-624 nm), with the incident photon flux density of 300 µmol photons m-2 s-1, the difference in the absorbed photon flux densities by leaves grown under different light quality being less than 7%. Our results show that blue light, as compared to white light, induced a significant decrease in Fv/Fm, a decreased rate of reduction of P700+ after P700 was completely oxidized; furthermore, blue light also induced higher NPQ with an increased initial speed of NPQ induction, which corresponds to the qE component of NPQ, and a lower maximum quantum yield of PSII, i.e., Y(II). In contrast, rice grown under long-term red light showed decreased Y(II) and increased NPQ, but with no change in Fv/Fm. Furthermore, we found that rice grown under either blue or red light showed decreased transcript abundance of both catalase and ascorbate peroxidase, together with an increased H2O2 content, as compared to rice grown under white light. All these data suggest that even under a moderate incident light level, rice grown under blue or red light led to compromised antioxidant system, which contributed to decreased quantum yield of photosystem II and increased NPQ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saber Hamdani
- National Key Laboratory for Plant Molecular Genetics, Center of Excellence for Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 300 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Naveed Khan
- Max-Planck Partner Institute of Computational Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Shahnaz Perveen
- National Key Laboratory for Plant Molecular Genetics, Center of Excellence for Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 300 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Mingnan Qu
- National Key Laboratory for Plant Molecular Genetics, Center of Excellence for Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 300 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Jianjun Jiang
- National Key Laboratory for Plant Molecular Genetics, Center of Excellence for Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 300 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Xin-Guang Zhu
- National Key Laboratory for Plant Molecular Genetics, Center of Excellence for Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 300 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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Partensky F, Mella-Flores D, Six C, Garczarek L, Czjzek M, Marie D, Kotabová E, Felcmanová K, Prášil O. Comparison of photosynthetic performances of marine picocyanobacteria with different configurations of the oxygen-evolving complex. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2018; 138:57-71. [PMID: 29938315 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-018-0539-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2018] [Accepted: 06/20/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The extrinsic PsbU and PsbV proteins are known to play a critical role in stabilizing the Mn4CaO5 cluster of the PSII oxygen-evolving complex (OEC). However, most isolates of the marine cyanobacterium Prochlorococcus naturally miss these proteins, even though they have kept the main OEC protein, PsbO. A structural homology model of the PSII of such a natural deletion mutant strain (P. marinus MED4) did not reveal any obvious compensation mechanism for this lack. To assess the physiological consequences of this unusual OEC, we compared oxygen evolution between Prochlorococcus strains missing psbU and psbV (PCC 9511 and SS120) and two marine strains possessing these genes (Prochlorococcus sp. MIT9313 and Synechococcus sp. WH7803). While the low light-adapted strain SS120 exhibited the lowest maximal O2 evolution rates (Pmax per divinyl-chlorophyll a, per cell or per photosystem II) of all four strains, the high light-adapted strain PCC 9511 displayed even higher PChlmax and PPSIImax at high irradiance than Synechococcus sp. WH7803. Furthermore, thermoluminescence glow curves did not show any alteration in the B-band shape or peak position that could be related to the lack of these extrinsic proteins. This suggests an efficient functional adaptation of the OEC in these natural deletion mutants, in which PsbO alone is seemingly sufficient to ensure proper oxygen evolution. Our study also showed that Prochlorococcus strains exhibit negative net O2 evolution rates at the low irradiances encountered in minimum oxygen zones, possibly explaining the very low O2 concentrations measured in these environments, where Prochlorococcus is the dominant oxyphototroph.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frédéric Partensky
- Sorbonne Université, Station Biologique, CS 90074, 29688, Roscoff cedex, France.
- CNRS UMR 7144, Station Biologique, CS 90074, 29680, Roscoff, France.
| | - Daniella Mella-Flores
- Sorbonne Université, Station Biologique, CS 90074, 29688, Roscoff cedex, France
- CNRS UMR 7144, Station Biologique, CS 90074, 29680, Roscoff, France
- Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Center of Applied Ecology and Sustainability (CAPES-UC), Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Christophe Six
- Sorbonne Université, Station Biologique, CS 90074, 29688, Roscoff cedex, France
- CNRS UMR 7144, Station Biologique, CS 90074, 29680, Roscoff, France
| | - Laurence Garczarek
- Sorbonne Université, Station Biologique, CS 90074, 29688, Roscoff cedex, France
- CNRS UMR 7144, Station Biologique, CS 90074, 29680, Roscoff, France
| | - Mirjam Czjzek
- Sorbonne Université, Station Biologique, CS 90074, 29688, Roscoff cedex, France
- CNRS UMR 8227, Marine Glycobiology Group, Station Biologique, CS 90074, 29680, Roscoff, France
| | - Dominique Marie
- Sorbonne Université, Station Biologique, CS 90074, 29688, Roscoff cedex, France
- CNRS UMR 7144, Station Biologique, CS 90074, 29680, Roscoff, France
| | - Eva Kotabová
- Laboratory of Photosynthesis, Institute of Microbiology, MBU AVČR, Opatovický mlýn, 37981, Třeboň, Czech Republic
| | - Kristina Felcmanová
- Laboratory of Photosynthesis, Institute of Microbiology, MBU AVČR, Opatovický mlýn, 37981, Třeboň, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Sciences, University of South Bohemia, Branišovská, 37005, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Ondřej Prášil
- Laboratory of Photosynthesis, Institute of Microbiology, MBU AVČR, Opatovický mlýn, 37981, Třeboň, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Sciences, University of South Bohemia, Branišovská, 37005, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
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The evolution of the photoprotective antenna proteins in oxygenic photosynthetic eukaryotes. Biochem Soc Trans 2018; 46:1263-1277. [DOI: 10.1042/bst20170304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2018] [Revised: 07/02/2018] [Accepted: 07/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Photosynthetic organisms require rapid and reversible down-regulation of light harvesting to avoid photodamage. Response to unpredictable light fluctuations is achieved by inducing energy-dependent quenching, qE, which is the major component of the process known as non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) of chlorophyll fluorescence. qE is controlled by the operation of the xanthophyll cycle and accumulation of specific types of proteins, upon thylakoid lumen acidification. The protein cofactors so far identified to modulate qE in photosynthetic eukaryotes are the photosystem II subunit S (PsbS) and light-harvesting complex stress-related (LHCSR/LHCX) proteins. A transition from LHCSR- to PsbS-dependent qE took place during the evolution of the Viridiplantae (also known as ‘green lineage’ organisms), such as green algae, mosses and vascular plants. Multiple studies showed that LHCSR and PsbS proteins have distinct functions in the mechanism of qE. LHCX(-like) proteins are closely related to LHCSR proteins and found in ‘red lineage’ organisms that contain secondary red plastids, such as diatoms. Although LHCX proteins appear to control qE in diatoms, their role in the mechanism remains poorly understood. Here, we present the current knowledge on the functions and evolution of these crucial proteins, which evolved in photosynthetic eukaryotes to optimise light harvesting.
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Kuthanová Trsková E, Belgio E, Yeates AM, Sobotka R, Ruban AV, Kaňa R. Antenna proton sensitivity determines photosynthetic light harvesting strategy. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2018; 69:4483-4493. [PMID: 29955883 PMCID: PMC6093471 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/ery240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2018] [Accepted: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Photoprotective non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) represents an effective way to dissipate the light energy absorbed in excess by most phototrophs. It is often claimed that NPQ formation/relaxation kinetics are determined by xanthophyll composition. We, however, found that, for the alveolate alga Chromera velia, this is not the case. In the present paper, we investigated the reasons for the constitutive high rate of quenching displayed by the alga by comparing its light harvesting strategies with those of a model phototroph, the land plant Spinacia oleracea. Experimental results and in silico studies support the idea that fast quenching is due not to xanthophylls, but to intrinsic properties of the Chromera light harvesting complex (CLH) protein, related to amino acid composition and protein folding. The pKa for CLH quenching was shifted by 0.5 units to a higher pH compared with higher plant antennas (light harvesting complex II; LHCII). We conclude that, whilst higher plant LHCIIs are better suited for light harvesting, CLHs are 'natural quenchers' ready to switch into a dissipative state. We propose that organisms with antenna proteins intrinsically more sensitive to protons, such as C. velia, carry a relatively high concentration of violaxanthin to improve their light harvesting. In contrast, higher plants need less violaxanthin per chlorophyll because LHCII proteins are more efficient light harvesters and instead require co-factors such as zeaxanthin and PsbS to accelerate and enhance quenching.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliška Kuthanová Trsková
- Institute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Opatovický mlýn, Třeboň, Czech Republic
- University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Faculty of Science, Branišovská, České Budějovice, Czech republic
| | - Erica Belgio
- Institute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Opatovický mlýn, Třeboň, Czech Republic
| | - Anna M Yeates
- Institute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Opatovický mlýn, Třeboň, Czech Republic
| | - Roman Sobotka
- Institute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Opatovický mlýn, Třeboň, Czech Republic
- University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Faculty of Science, Branišovská, České Budějovice, Czech republic
| | - Alexander V Ruban
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Radek Kaňa
- Institute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Opatovický mlýn, Třeboň, Czech Republic
- University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Faculty of Science, Branišovská, České Budějovice, Czech republic
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Bernát G, Steinbach G, Kaňa R, Misra AN, Prašil O. On the origin of the slow M-T chlorophyll a fluorescence decline in cyanobacteria: interplay of short-term light-responses. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2018; 136:183-198. [PMID: 29090427 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-017-0458-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2017] [Accepted: 09/21/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The slow kinetic phases of the chlorophyll a fluorescence transient (induction) are valuable tools in studying dynamic regulation of light harvesting, light energy distribution between photosystems, and heat dissipation in photosynthetic organisms. However, the origin of these phases are not yet fully understood. This is especially true in the case of prokaryotic oxygenic photoautotrophs, the cyanobacteria. To understand the origin of the slowest (tens of minutes) kinetic phase, the M-T fluorescence decline, in the context of light acclimation of these globally important microorganisms, we have compared spectrally resolved fluorescence induction data from the wild type Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 cells, using orange (λ = 593 nm) actinic light, with those of mutants, ΔapcD and ΔOCP, that are unable to perform either state transition or fluorescence quenching by orange carotenoid protein (OCP), respectively. Our results suggest a multiple origin of the M-T decline and reveal a complex interplay of various known regulatory processes in maintaining the redox homeostasis of a cyanobacterial cell. In addition, they lead us to suggest that a new type of regulatory process, operating on the timescale of minutes to hours, is involved in dissipating excess light energy in cyanobacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gábor Bernát
- Laboratory of Photosynthesis, Institute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences, Opatovicky mlyn, 379 81, Třeboň, Czech Republic.
| | - Gábor Steinbach
- Laboratory of Photosynthesis, Institute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences, Opatovicky mlyn, 379 81, Třeboň, Czech Republic
- Institute of Biophysics, Biological Research Centre, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Temesvári krt. 62, Szeged, 6726, Hungary
| | - Radek Kaňa
- Laboratory of Photosynthesis, Institute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences, Opatovicky mlyn, 379 81, Třeboň, Czech Republic
| | - Amarendra N Misra
- Centre for Life Sciences, Central University of Jharkand, Ranchi, 835205, Jharkand, India
- Khallikote Cluster University, Berhampur, 76001, Odisha, India
| | - Ondřej Prašil
- Laboratory of Photosynthesis, Institute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences, Opatovicky mlyn, 379 81, Třeboň, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Sciences, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, 37005, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
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