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Kierski K, Maupin E. Screening and therapeutic recommendations for patients with alcohol use disorder. JAAPA 2023; 36:17-22. [PMID: 37820080 DOI: 10.1097/01.jaa.0000979456.51155.71] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is the most prevalent substance use disorder worldwide. Early screening can identify patients at risk for developing AUD, creating opportunities for prevention and early intervention. This article encourages the use of AUD screening tools, explores AUD treatments, and aims to equip clinicians with evidence-based strategies to prevent and manage AUD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen Kierski
- At the time this article was written, Kathleen Kierski was a student in the PA program at Wingate (N.C.) University. She now practices at WakeMed Hospital in Raleigh, N.C. Elizabeth Maupin is an associate professor in the PA program at Wingate University. The authors have disclosed no potential conflicts of interest, financial or otherwise
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Solovei A, Mercken L, Jané-Llopis E, Bustamante I, Evers S, Gual A, Medina P, Mejía-Trujillo J, Natera-Rey G, O’Donnell A, Pérez-Gómez A, Piazza M, de Vries H, Anderson P. Development of community strategies supporting brief alcohol advice in three Latin American countries: a protocol. Health Promot Int 2023; 38:daab192. [PMID: 34849866 PMCID: PMC10439512 DOI: 10.1093/heapro/daab192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Brief alcohol advice offered to patients was shown to be a clinically- and cost-effective intervention to prevent and manage alcohol-related health harm. However, this intervention is not yet optimally implemented in practice. A suggested strategy to improve the implementation of brief alcohol advice is through community actions which would enhance the environment in which primary healthcare providers must deliver the intervention. However, there has been scarce research conducted to date regarding which community actions have most influence on the adoption and implementation of brief alcohol advice. The current protocol presents the development of a package of community actions to be implemented in three Latin American municipalities, in Colombia, Mexico and Peru. The community actions were based on the Institute for Health Care Improvement's framework for going to full scale, and include: (i) involvement of a Community Advisory Board, (ii) involvement of a project champion, (iii) adoption mechanisms, (iv) support systems and (v) a communication campaign. By presenting a protocol for developing community actions with input from local stakeholders, this article contributes to advancing the public health field of alcohol prevention by potentially stimulating the sustainable adoption and implementation of brief alcohol advice in routine practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Solovei
- Department of Health Promotion, CAPHRI Care and Public Health Research Institute, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Liesbeth Mercken
- Department of Health Promotion, CAPHRI Care and Public Health Research Institute, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Eva Jané-Llopis
- Department of Health Promotion, CAPHRI Care and Public Health Research Institute, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Univ. Ramon Llull, ESADE, Barcelona, Spain
- Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, CAMH, Toronto, Canada
| | - Inés Bustamante
- School of Public Health and Administration, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
| | - Silvia Evers
- Department of Health Services Research, CAPHRI Care and Public Health Research Institute, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Antoni Gual
- Addictions Unit. Psychiatry Dept. Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain
- Red de Trastornos Adictivos. Instituto Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Perla Medina
- Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | | | | | - Amy O’Donnell
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | | | - Marina Piazza
- School of Public Health and Administration, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
| | - Hein de Vries
- Department of Health Promotion, CAPHRI Care and Public Health Research Institute, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Peter Anderson
- Department of Health Promotion, CAPHRI Care and Public Health Research Institute, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
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West RW, Davari SB, Hammoud NM, Ismail MH. AuTomaTed Alcohol Misuse INterventions in a Bariatric Surgery Population: The ATTAIN Bariatric Pilot. Perm J 2023; 27:36-44. [PMID: 36866440 PMCID: PMC10015607 DOI: 10.7812/tpp/22.145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Alcohol screening and brief intervention has been shown to reduce unhealthy alcohol use, although widespread adoption into primary care practice has been slow. Patients undergoing bariatric surgery are at an increased risk of unhealthy alcohol use. The authors compared a novel, web-based screening tool called ATTAIN to usual care for real-world effectiveness and accuracy among bariatric surgery registry patients. Methods The authors analyzed the results of a quality improvement project that tested ATTAIN among bariatric surgery registry patients. Participants were stratified into 3 groups by surgery status (preoperative vs postoperative) and prior screening for unhealthy alcohol use (screened vs not screened in the past year). Participants in these 3 groups were divided into intervention plus usual care (n = 2249) and control (n = 2130) groups, with intervention being an email to complete ATTAIN, and control being usual care (eg, office-based screening). Primary outcomes included screening and positivity rates for unhealthy drinking behavior between groups. Secondary outcomes included positivity rates via ATTAIN vs usual care for individuals who were screened by both modalities. Chi-square test was used for statistical analysis. Results The overall screening rates were 67.4% (intervention arm) and 38.6% (control). The ATTAIN response rate was 47% of those invited. The overall positive screen rate was 7.7% (intervention) and 2.6% (control); p < .001 for both. For dual screened intervention participants, the positive screen rate was 10% (ATTAIN) vs 2% (usual care) with p < .001. Conclusion ATTAIN is a promising method of increasing screening and detection rates for unhealthy drinking behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Nadine M Hammoud
- Kaiser Permanente Orange County Family Medicine, Santa Ana, CA, USA
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Park JJ, King DL, Wilkinson-Meyers L, Rodda SN. The Practice and Feasibility of Screening, Treatment, and Referral for Gaming Problems in Gambling, Alcohol and Other Drugs, and Youth Services. Int J Ment Health Addict 2023:1-16. [PMID: 36714324 PMCID: PMC9869840 DOI: 10.1007/s11469-023-01010-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Screening, brief intervention, and referral to treatment (SBIRT) is a comprehensive approach to identifying people at risk of addiction, but its feasibility for gaming disorder is unknown. This study surveyed 88 clinicians from gambling, alcohol and other drugs, and youth services in New Zealand. Results indicated that the most frequent GD screening method was an unstructured interview (61%), but 74% stated they would use a standardized tool if available. Responsivity to the detection of GD was an immediate intervention (84%), and rates of referral were low (28%). Around 50% of clinicians indicated high confidence in administering motivational approaches and relapse prevention. There was strong support for screening training (85%), treatment guidelines (88%), self-help materials (92%), and access to internet-delivered CBT that could be used in conjunction with other treatment (84%). Clinicians appear motivated and willing to implement SBIRT for GD but report lacking necessary training and resources, including access to screening tools and treatment guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer J. Park
- School of Population Health, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, 1142 Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Daniel L. King
- College of Education, Psychology & Social Work, Flinders University, GPO Box 2100, 5001 Adelaide, South Australia Australia
| | - Laura Wilkinson-Meyers
- School of Population Health, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, 1142 Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Simone N. Rodda
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Auckland University of Technology, 90 Akoranga Drive, Northcote, 0627 Auckland, New Zealand
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Lemp JM, Pengpid S, Buntup D, Bärnighausen TW, Geldsetzer P, Peltzer K, Rehm J, Sornpaisarn B, Probst C. Addressing alcohol use among blood pressure patients in Thai primary care: Lessons from a survey-based stakeholder consultation. Prev Med Rep 2022; 29:101954. [PMID: 36161118 PMCID: PMC9502666 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2022.101954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Alcohol use is a major risk factor for noncommunicable diseases in Thailand, and one of its pathways is high blood pressure. Given that brief intervention can effectively reduce hazardous alcohol consumption, this study aimed to investigate how hypertensive patients with concomitant alcohol use are identified and treated in Thai primary care settings and what this may mean for screening and lifestyle intervention strategies. In a cross-sectional, mixed-method design, we surveyed 91 participants from three different groups of Thai stakeholders: policy- and decisionmakers; healthcare practitioners; and patients diagnosed with hypertension. Data was collected between December 2020 and May 2021. Responses were analyzed descriptively and using open coding tools to identify current practices, barriers, facilitators, and implications for interventions. All stakeholder groups regarded alcohol use as an important driver of hypertension. While lifestyle interventions among hypertensive patients were perceived as beneficial, current lifestyle support was limited. Barriers included limited resources in primary healthcare facilities, lack of continuous monitoring or follow-up, missing tools or procedures for risk assessment and lifestyle intervention, and stigmatization of alcohol use. Our results suggest that although screening for lifestyle risk factors (including alcohol use) and lifestyle interventions are not yet sufficiently established, a wide range of stakeholders still recognize the potential of interventions targeted at hazardous alcohol use among hypertensive patients. Future interventions may establish standardized assessment tools, be tailored to high-risk groups, and include electronic or remote elements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia M. Lemp
- Heidelberg Institute of Global Health, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Supa Pengpid
- ASEAN Institute for Health Development, Mahidol University, Salaya, Phutthamonthon, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
- Department of Research Administration and Development, University of Limpopo, Turfloop, South Africa
| | - Doungjai Buntup
- ASEAN Institute for Health Development, Mahidol University, Salaya, Phutthamonthon, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
| | - Till W. Bärnighausen
- Heidelberg Institute of Global Health, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
- Harvard Center for Population and Development Studies, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Africa Health Research Institute (AHRI), KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
| | - Pascal Geldsetzer
- Division of Primary Care and Population Health, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Karl Peltzer
- Department of Research Administration and Development, University of Limpopo, Turfloop, South Africa
- Department of Psychology, College of Medical and Health Science, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jürgen Rehm
- Institute of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, ON, Canada
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
| | - Bundit Sornpaisarn
- Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, ON, Canada
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Faculty of Public Health, Mahidol University, Ratchathewi, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Charlotte Probst
- Heidelberg Institute of Global Health, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
- Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, ON, Canada
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Corresponding author at: Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, ON, Canada.
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Zijlstra DN, Hoving C, Bolman C, Muris JWM, De Vries H. Do professional perspectives on evidence-based smoking cessation methods align? A Delphi study among researchers and healthcare professionals. HEALTH EDUCATION RESEARCH 2022; 36:434-445. [PMID: 34195810 PMCID: PMC8783547 DOI: 10.1093/her/cyab022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Revised: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The use of evidence-based smoking cessation interventions (SCIs) can significantly increase the number of successful smoking cessation attempts. To obtain an overview of the knowledge and viewpoints on the effectiveness and use of SCIs, a three-round online Delphi study was conducted among researchers and primary care professionals (PCPs). The four objectives of this study are to gain an overview of (i) the criteria important for recommending SCIs, (ii) the perceptions of both groups on the effectiveness of SCIs, (iii) the factors to consider when counseling different (high-risk) groups of smokers and (iv) the perceptions of both groups on the use of e-cigarettes as an SCI. We found a high level of agreement within groups on which smoker characteristics should be considered when recommending an SCI to smokers. We also found that PCPs display a lower degree of consensus on the effectiveness of SCIs. Both groups see a value in the use of special protocols for different (high-risk) groups of patients, but the two groups did not reach consensus on the use of e-cigarettes as a means to quit. Making an inventory of PCPs' needs regarding SCIs and their usage may provide insight into how to facilitate a better uptake in the primary care setting.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ciska Hoving
- Department of Health Promotion, CAPHRI, Maastricht University, Peter Debyeplein 1, Maastricht 6229 HA, Netherlands
| | - Catherine Bolman
- Department of Psychology, Open University of the Netherlands, P.O. Box 2960, Heerlen 6401 DL, Netherlands
| | - Jean W M Muris
- Department of General Practice, CAPHRI, Maastricht University, Peter Debyeplein 1, Maastricht 6229 HA, Netherlands
| | - Hein De Vries
- Department of Health Promotion, CAPHRI, Maastricht University, Peter Debyeplein 1, Maastricht 6229 HA, Netherlands
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Solovei A, Jané-Llopis E, Mercken L, Bustamante I, Kokole D, Mejía-Trujillo J, Medina Aguilar PS, Natera Rey G, O'Donnell A, Piazza M, Schmidt CS, Anderson P, de Vries H. Effect of Community Support on the Implementation of Primary Health Care-Based Measurement of Alcohol Consumption. PREVENTION SCIENCE : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR PREVENTION RESEARCH 2022; 23:224-236. [PMID: 35032246 PMCID: PMC8760585 DOI: 10.1007/s11121-021-01329-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Alcohol measurement delivered by health care providers in primary health care settings is an efficacious and cost-effective intervention to reduce alcohol consumption among patients. However, this intervention is not yet routinely implemented in practice. Community support has been recommended as a strategy to stimulate the delivery of alcohol measurement by health care providers, yet evidence on the effectiveness of community support in this regard is scarce. The current study used a pre-post quasi-experimental design in order to investigate the effect of community support in three Latin American municipalities in Colombia, Mexico, and Peru on health care providers' rates of measuring alcohol consumption in their patients. The analysis is based on the first 5 months of implementation. Moreover, the study explored possible mechanisms underlying the effects of community support, through health care providers' awareness of support, as well as their attitudes, subjective norms, self-efficacy, and subsequent intention toward delivering the intervention. An ANOVA test indicated that community support had a significant effect on health care providers' rates of measuring alcohol consumption in their patients (F (1, 259) = 4.56, p = 0.034, ηp2 = 0.018). Moreover, a path analysis showed that community support had a significant indirect positive effect on providers' self-efficacy to deliver the intervention (b = 0.07, p = 0.008), which was mediated through awareness of support. Specifically, provision of community support resulted in a higher awareness of support among health care providers (b = 0.31, p < 0.001), which then led to higher self-efficacy to deliver brief alcohol advice (b = 0.23, p = 0.010). Results indicate that adoption of an alcohol measurement intervention by health care providers may be aided by community support, by directly impacting the rates of alcohol measurement sessions, and by increasing providers' self-efficacy to deliver this intervention, through increased awareness of support. Trial Registration ID: NCT03524599; Registered 15 May 2018; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03524599.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Solovei
- Department of Health Promotion, CAPHRI Care and Public Health Research Institute, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
| | - Eva Jané-Llopis
- Department of Health Promotion, CAPHRI Care and Public Health Research Institute, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands.,Univ. Ramon Llull, ESADE, Barcelona, Spain.,Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, CAMH, 33 Russell Street, Toronto, Canada
| | - Liesbeth Mercken
- Department of Health Promotion, CAPHRI Care and Public Health Research Institute, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands.,Department of Health Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Open University, Heerlen, The Netherlands
| | - Inés Bustamante
- School of Public Health and Administration, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
| | - Daša Kokole
- Department of Health Promotion, CAPHRI Care and Public Health Research Institute, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | | | | | | | - Amy O'Donnell
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Baddiley-Clark Building, Richardson Road, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4AX, UK
| | - Marina Piazza
- School of Public Health and Administration, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
| | - Christiane Sybille Schmidt
- Center for Interdisciplinary Addiction Research (ZIS), Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Peter Anderson
- Department of Health Promotion, CAPHRI Care and Public Health Research Institute, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands.,Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Baddiley-Clark Building, Richardson Road, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4AX, UK
| | - Hein de Vries
- Department of Health Promotion, CAPHRI Care and Public Health Research Institute, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
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Curtis AC, Satre DD, Sarovar V, Wamsley M, Ly K, Satterfield J. A mobile app to promote alcohol and drug SBIRT skill translation among multi-disciplinary health care trainees: Results of a randomized controlled trial. Subst Abus 2022; 43:13-22. [PMID: 31710269 PMCID: PMC7211553 DOI: 10.1080/08897077.2019.1686723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adherence to clinical practice guidelines for alcohol and drug screening, brief intervention, and referral to treatment (SBIRT) is often inadequate. Mobile apps developed as clinical translation tools could improve the delivery of high fidelity SBIRT. Methods: This study tested the effectiveness of an SBIRT mobile app conceptually aligned with the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) to support SBIRT delivery by health care trainees (nursing, social work, internal medicine, psychiatry, and psychology) working in clinical settings (N = 101). Bivariate analyses examined the rate of SBIRT delivery between trainees assigned to the experimental (app) and control (no app) study conditions; as well as the relationship between TPB-based constructs, intention to deliver SBIRT, and screening rates. Results: No significant differences were identified between the study conditions in SBIRT delivery. Significant correlations were found between intent to screen and TPB variables including attitudes/behavioral beliefs concerning substance use treatment (r = .49, p = .01); confidence in clinical skills (r = .36, p = .01); subjective norms (r = .54, p = .01) and perceived behavioral control over appointment time constraints (r = .42, p = .01). Also significant were correlations between percent of patients screened and confidence (r = .24, p = .05); subjective norms (r = .22, p = .05) and perceived behavioral control (r = .28, p = .01). Conclusions: The negative results of the study condition comparisons indicate the need for further investigation of strategies to optimize mobile app utilization, engagement, and effectiveness as a clinical translation tool. Findings of significant correlations between substance use screening rates and both norms and confidence support the potential value of the TPB model in explaining behavior of health care learners in SBIRT delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexa C. Curtis
- School of Nursing and Health Professions, University of San Francisco, California 94117
| | - Derek D. Satre
- Department of Psychiatry, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, California 94143,Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, California 94612
| | - Varada Sarovar
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, California 94612
| | - Maria Wamsley
- Division of General Internal Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California 94115
| | - Khanh Ly
- Division of General Internal Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California 94115
| | - Jason Satterfield
- Division of General Internal Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California 94115
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Potthoff S, O'Donnell AJ, Karlsen AT, Brendryen H, Lid TG. Pragmatic approaches for addressing alcohol in general practice: Development of a tailored implementation intervention. FRONTIERS IN HEALTH SERVICES 2022; 2:940383. [PMID: 36925895 PMCID: PMC10012791 DOI: 10.3389/frhs.2022.940383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Alcohol consumption is a leading global risk factor for ill-health and premature death. Alcohol screening and brief interventions (SBI) delivered in primary care is effective at reducing alcohol consumption, but routine implementation remains problematic. Screening all patients for excessive drinking (universal screening) is resource-intensive and may be at odds with general practitioners' (GPs') perceived professional role. This study aimed to develop a tailored, theory-based training intervention to strengthen GPs' ability to address alcohol and to manage alcohol-related health problems through a pragmatic approach based on clinical relevance. Methods A qualitative study design involving focus group interviews and a structured questionnaire for free text replies with GPs in Norway. Behavioral analysis assessed factors influencing delivery of SBI according to the 'capability, opportunity, motivation and behavior' (COM-B) model to inform intervention development using the Behavior Change Wheel. Qualitative data were analyzed using framework analysis and an iterative approach was adopted to develop the training. Results A purposive sample of GPs attended the focus groups (n = 25) and completed the questionnaire (n = 55). Four areas required additional support including: understanding the link between alcohol use and health problems; opening up the conversation on alcohol use; addressing alcohol and dealing with obstacles; and following-up and maintaining change. Findings informed the development of a four-session interactive training intervention and a digital intervention for providing support for patients between consultations to address the identified needs. Conclusion This work highlights the value of pragmatic, relevance-based clinical strategies, as opposed to universal screening approaches to addressing alcohol in primary care. A pragmatic approach is more in line with GPs existing sclinical skill set and holds the potential to improve widespread uptake and implementation of SBI in routine primary care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Potthoff
- Centre for Alcohol and Drug Research, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway.,Department of Social Work, Education and Community Wellbeing, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Amy Jane O'Donnell
- Population and Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | | | - Håvar Brendryen
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Torgeir Gilje Lid
- Centre for Alcohol and Drug Research, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway.,Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway.,Research Unit for General Practice, NORCE Norwegian Research Centre, Bergen, Norway
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Smart R, Grant S. Effectiveness and implementability of state-level naloxone access policies: Expert consensus from an online modified-Delphi process. THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DRUG POLICY 2021; 98:103383. [PMID: 34340167 PMCID: PMC8671224 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugpo.2021.103383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Naloxone distribution, a key global strategy to prevent fatal opioid overdose, has been a recent target of legislation in the U.S., but there is insufficient empirical evidence from causal inference methods to identify which components of these policies successfully reduce opioid-related harms. This study aimed to examine expert consensus on the effectiveness and implementability of various state-level naloxone policies. METHODS We used the online ExpertLens platform to conduct a three-round modified-Delphi process with a purposive sample of 46 key stakeholders (advocates, healthcare providers, human/social service practitioners, policymakers, and researchers) with naloxone policy expertise. The Effectiveness Panel (n = 24) rated average effects of 15 types of policies on naloxone pharmacy distribution, opioid use disorder (OUD) prevalence, nonfatal opioid-related overdoses, and opioid-related overdose mortality. The Implementation Panel (n = 22) rated the same policies on acceptability, feasibility, affordability, and equitability. We compared ratings across policies using medians and inter-percentile ranges, with consensus measured using the RAND/UCLA Appropriateness Method Inter-Percentile Range Adjusted for Symmetry technique. RESULTS Experts reached consensus on all items. Except for liability protections and required provision of education or training, experts perceived all policies to generate moderate-to-large increases in naloxone pharmacy distribution. However, only three policies were expected to yield substantive decreases on fatal overdose: statewide standing/protocol order, over-the-counter supply, and statewide "free naloxone." Of these, experts rated only statewide standing/protocol orders as highly affordable and equitable, and unlikely to generate meaningful population-level effects on OUD or nonfatal opioid-related overdose. Across all policies, experts rated naloxone prescribing mandates relatively lower in acceptability, feasibility, affordability, and equitability. CONCLUSION Experts believe statewide standing/protocol orders are an effective, implementable, and equitable policy for addressing opioid-related overdose mortality. While experts believe many other broad policies are effective in reducing opioid-related harms, they also believe these policies face implementation challenges related to cost and reaching vulnerable populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosanna Smart
- Economics, Sociology, and Statistics Department, RAND Corporation, 1776 Main Street, Santa Monica, CA 90401, USA.
| | - Sean Grant
- Department of Social & Behavioral Sciences, Indiana University Richard M. Fairbanks School of Public Health, 1050 Wishard Blvd, RG 6046, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
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Sunami T, Kawai M, Sakurai J, Shirasaka T, Tezuka Y, Nagamine H, Maesato H, Yumoto Y, Yoshimoto H, Adachi Y, Yuzuriha T. [Introduction of a support program for reducing alcohol consumption that can be applied immediately in the workplace]. SANGYO EISEIGAKU ZASSHI = JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH 2021; 63:324-328. [PMID: 33390365 DOI: 10.1539/sangyoeisei.2020-044-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Sunami
- Local Incorporated Administrative Agency Saga-Ken Medical Centre Koseikan
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Hitoshi Maesato
- National Hospital Organization Kurihama Medical and Addiction Center
| | - Yosuke Yumoto
- National Hospital Organization Kurihama Medical and Addiction Center
| | - Hisashi Yoshimoto
- Department of Family Medicine, General Practice and Community Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba
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Sivertsen DM, Becker U, Andersen O, Kirk JW. An Ethnographic study of unhealthy alcohol use in a Danish Emergency Department. Addict Sci Clin Pract 2021; 16:60. [PMID: 34600564 PMCID: PMC8487327 DOI: 10.1186/s13722-021-00269-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Emergency Departments (EDs) are important arenas for the detection of unhealthy substance use. Screening, Brief Intervention, and Referral to Treatment (SBIRT) for unhealthy alcohol use has been used in some ED settings with funding support from external sources. However, widespread sustained implementation is uncommon, and research aimed at understanding culture as a determinant for implementation is lacking. This study aims to explore cultural practices concerning the handling of patients with unhealthy alcohol use admitted to an ED. Methods An ethnographic study was conducted in an ED in the Capital Region of Denmark. The data consists of participant observations of Health Care Professionals (HCPs) and semi-structured interviews with nurses. Data was collected from July 2018 to February 2020. A cultural analysis was performed by using Qualitative Content Analysis as an analytic tool. Results 150 h of observation and 11 interviews were conducted. Three themes emerged from the analysis: (1) Setting the scene describes how subthemes “flow,” “risky environment,” and “physical spaces and artefacts” are a part of the contextual environment of an ED, and their implications for patients with unhealthy alcohol use, such as placement in certain rooms; (2) The encounter presents how patients’ and HCPs’ encounters unfold in everyday practice. Subtheme “Professional differences” showcases how nurses and doctors address patients’ alcohol habits differently, and how they do not necessarily act on the information provided, due to several factors. These factors are shown in remaining sub-themes “gut-feeling vs. clinical parameters,” “ethical reasoning,” and “from compliance to zero-tolerance”; and (3) Collective repertoires shows how language shapes the perception of patients with unhealthy alcohol use, which may cause stigma and stereotyping. Subthemes are “occupiers” and “alcoholic or party animal?”. Conclusions Unhealthy alcohol use in the ED is entangled in complex cultural networks. Patients with severe and easily recognizable unhealthy alcohol use—characterized by an alcohol diagnosis in the electronic medical record, intoxication, or unwanted behavior—shape the general approach and attitude to unhealthy alcohol use. Consequently, from a prevention perspective, this means that patients with less apparent unhealthy alcohol use tend to be overlooked or neglected, which calls for a systematic screening approach. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13722-021-00269-z.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ulrik Becker
- National Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Ove Andersen
- Department of Clinical Research, Copenhagen University Hospital, Hvidovre, Denmark.,Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jeanette Wassar Kirk
- Department of Clinical Research, Copenhagen University Hospital, Hvidovre, Denmark.,Department of Public Health, Nursing, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
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Reich AL, Milroy JJ, Wyrick DL, Hebard SP. A Social Ecological Framework: Counselors' Role in Improving Student Athletes' Help‐Seeking Behaviors. JOURNAL OF COLLEGE COUNSELING 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/jocc.12178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aviry L. Reich
- Department of Counseling & Educational Development University of North Carolina at Greensboro
- Now in private practice, Greensboro North Carolina
| | - Jeffrey J. Milroy
- Institute to Promote Athlete Health & Wellness and Department of Public Health Education University of North Carolina at Greensboro
| | - David L. Wyrick
- Institute to Promote Athlete Health & Wellness and Department of Public Health Education University of North Carolina at Greensboro
| | - Stephen P. Hebard
- Institute to Promote Athlete Health & Wellness University of North Carolina at Greensboro
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Perceived appropriateness of alcohol screening and brief advice programmes in Colombia, Mexico and Peru and barriers to their implementation in primary health care - a cross-sectional survey. Prim Health Care Res Dev 2021; 22:e4. [PMID: 33504413 PMCID: PMC8057507 DOI: 10.1017/s1463423620000675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Providing alcohol screening and brief advice (SBA) in primary health care (PHC) can be an effective measure to reduce alcohol consumption. To aid successful implementation in an upper middle-income country context, this study investigates the perceived appropriateness of the programme and the perceived barriers to its implementation in PHC settings in three Latin American countries: Colombia, Mexico and Peru, as part of larger implementation study (SCALA). METHODS An online survey based on the Tailored Implementation for Chronic Diseases (TICD) implementation framework was disseminated in the three countries to key stakeholders with experience in the topic and/or setting (both health professionals and other roles, for example regional health administrators and national experts). In total, 55 respondents participated (66% response rate). For responses to both appropriateness and barriers questions, frequencies were computed, and country comparisons were made using Chi square and Kruskal-Wallis non-parametric tests. RESULTS Alcohol SBA was seen as an appropriate programme to reduce heavy alcohol use in PHC and a range of providers were considered suitable for its delivery, such as general practitioners, nurses, psychologists and social workers. Contextual factors such as patients' normalised perception of their heavy drinking, lack of on-going support for providers, difficulty of accessing referral services and lenient alcohol control laws were the highest rated barriers. Country differences were found for two barriers: Peruvian respondents rated SBA guidelines as less clear than Mexican (Mann-Whitney U = -18.10, P = 0.001), and more strongly indicated lack of available screening instruments than Colombian (Mann-Whitney U = -12.82, P = 0.035) and Mexican respondents (Mann-Whitney U = -13.56, P = 0.018). CONCLUSIONS The study shows the need to address contextual factors for successful implementation of SBA in practice. General congruence between the countries suggests that similar approaches can be used to encourage widespread implementation of SBA in all three studied countries, with minor tailoring based on the few country-specific barriers.
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Rosário F, Santos MI, Angus K, Pas L, Ribeiro C, Fitzgerald N. Factors influencing the implementation of screening and brief interventions for alcohol use in primary care practices: a systematic review using the COM-B system and Theoretical Domains Framework. Implement Sci 2021; 16:6. [PMID: 33413487 PMCID: PMC7791720 DOI: 10.1186/s13012-020-01073-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alcohol is a leading risk factor contributing to the global burden of disease. Several national and international agencies recommend that screening and brief interventions (SBI) should be routinely delivered in primary care settings to reducing patients' alcohol consumption. However, evidence shows that such activities are seldom implemented in practice. A review of the barriers and facilitators mediating implementation, and how they fit with theoretical understandings of behaviour change, to inform the design of implementation interventions is lacking. This study aimed to conduct a theory-informed review of the factors influencing general practitioners' and primary care nurses' routine delivery of alcohol SBI in adults. METHODS A systematic literature search was carried out in four electronic databases (Medline, CINAHL, CENTRAL, PsycINFO) using comprehensive search strategies. Both qualitative and quantitative studies were included. Two authors independently abstracted and thematically grouped the data extracted. The barriers and facilitators identified were mapped to the domains of the Capability-Opportunity-Motivation-Behaviour system/Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF). RESULTS Eighty-four out of the 258 studies identified met the selection criteria. The majority of the studies reported data on the views of general practitioners (n = 60) and used a quantitative design (n = 49). A total of 660 data items pertaining to barriers and 253 data items pertaining to facilitators were extracted and thematically grouped into 46 themes. The themes mapped to at least one of the 14 domains of the TDF. The three TDF domains with the highest number of data units coded were 'Environmental Context and Resources' (n = 158, e.g. lack of time), 'Beliefs about Capabilities' (n = 134, e.g. beliefs about the ability to deliver screening and brief advice and in helping patients to cut down) and 'Skills' (n = 99, e.g. lack of training). CONCLUSIONS This study identified a range of potential barriers and facilitators to the implementation of alcohol SBI delivery in primary care and adds to the scarce body of literature that identifies the barriers and facilitators from a theoretical perspective. Given that alcohol SBI is seldom implemented, this review provides researchers with a tool for designing novel theory-oriented interventions to support the implementation of such activity. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION PROSPERO CRD42016052681.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frederico Rosário
- Instituto de Medicina Preventiva e Saúde Pública, Faculty of Medicine, Lisbon University, Avenida Professor Egas Moniz, 1649-028, Lisbon, Portugal. .,Agrupamento de Centros de Saúde Dão Lafões, Av. António José de Almeida - Edíficio MAS, 3514-511, Viseu, Portugal.
| | - Maria Inês Santos
- Hospital Casa de Saúde São Mateus SA, Rua 5 de Outubro 183, 3500-093, Viseu, Portugal
| | - Kathryn Angus
- Institute for Social Marketing & Health (ISMH), Faculty of Health Sciences & Sport, University of Stirling, Stirling, FK9 4LA, Scotland, UK
| | - Leo Pas
- Academic Centre for General Practice, KU Leuven, Kapucijnenvoer 33 blok j - box 7001, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Cristina Ribeiro
- Instituto de Medicina Preventiva e Saúde Pública, Faculty of Medicine, Lisbon University, Avenida Professor Egas Moniz, 1649-028, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Niamh Fitzgerald
- Institute for Social Marketing & Health (ISMH), Faculty of Health Sciences & Sport, University of Stirling, Stirling, FK9 4LA, Scotland, UK
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Abidi L, Nilsen P, Karlsson N, Skagerström J, O'Donnell A. Conversations about alcohol in healthcare - cross-sectional surveys in the Netherlands and Sweden. BMC Public Health 2020; 20:283. [PMID: 32131793 PMCID: PMC7057588 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-020-8367-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This study evaluated and compared the extent, duration, contents, experiences and effects of alcohol conversations in healthcare in the Netherlands and Sweden in 2017. Methods Survey data in the Netherlands and Sweden were collected through an online web panel. Subjects were 2996 participants (response rate: 50.8%) in Sweden and 2173 (response rate: 82.2%) in the Netherlands. Data was collected on socio-demographics, alcohol consumption, healthcare visits in the past 12 months, number of alcohol conversations, and characteristics of alcohol conversations (duration, contents, experience, effects). Results Results showed that Swedish respondents were more likely to have had alcohol conversations (OR = 1.99; 95%CI = 1.64–2.41; p = < 0.001) compared to Dutch respondents. In Sweden, alcohol conversations were more often perceived as routine (p = < 0.001), were longer (p = < 0.001), and more often contained verbal information about alcohol’s health effects (p = 0.007) or written information (p = 0.001) than in the Netherlands. In Sweden, 40+ year-olds were less likely to report a positive effect compared to the youngest respondents. In the Netherlands, men, sick-listed respondents, and risky drinkers, and in Sweden those that reported “other” occupational status such as parental leave, were more likely to have had alcohol conversations. Conclusions The results suggest that alcohol conversations are more common in healthcare practice in Sweden than in the Netherlands. However, positive effects of alcohol conversations were less likely to be reported among older respondents in Sweden. Our results indicate that alcohol preventative work should be improved in both countries, with more focus on risky drinkers and the content of the conversations in Sweden, and expanding alcohol screening in the Netherlands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Latifa Abidi
- Department of Health Promotion, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Limburg, Netherlands.
| | - Per Nilsen
- Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Nadine Karlsson
- Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Janna Skagerström
- Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.,Research and Development Unit of Region Östergötland, Region Östergötland, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Amy O'Donnell
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4AX, UK
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Grigg J, Arunogiri S, Manning V, Phan V, Campbell S, Frei M, Lubman DI. The Drug and Alcohol Clinical Advisory Service: A model of telephone-delivered addiction specialist support. Drug Alcohol Rev 2020; 39:238-245. [PMID: 31972876 DOI: 10.1111/dar.13035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Revised: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND AIMS People with substance use problems frequently present to mainstream health services with a variety of health issues. However, many medical and allied health-care providers feel under-equipped to respond to this population. We describe the Drug and Alcohol Clinical Advisory Service (DACAS), an established 24/7 telephone-delivered model of addiction specialist consultation, and examine recent call data to identify drug use issues for which health practitioners seek support. DESIGN AND METHODS Methods of DACAS service provision and call data collection are provided. A retrospective review of routinely collected call data between July 2013 and June 2018 was performed, extracting information on call and caller characteristics, and consultation details. RESULTS During 2013-2018, DACAS responded to 6565 calls, providing access to specialist alcohol and other drug support for more than 1200 practitioners across Victoria, Tasmania and the Northern Territory annually. Higher rates of service use were found among practitioners located in regional and remote areas, relative to those in metropolitan areas. Opioid agonist treatment was the most common drug class for which practitioners sought consultation (39.5%), followed by other opioids (19.4%). Advice-seeking patterns differed according to caller profession, service setting and location. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS DACAS is providing a multistate-level response to the challenges of accessing specialist addiction treatment, particularly for opioid agonist treatment and other opioid issues, with demonstrated uptake in regional and remote areas. This telephone-delivered service provides an opportunity to expand access to treatment for opioid use disorder and other substance use problems, particularly in areas with less equitable access to specialist addiction care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmin Grigg
- Turning Point, Eastern Health, Melbourne, Australia.,Monash Addiction Research Centre and Eastern Health Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Shalini Arunogiri
- Turning Point, Eastern Health, Melbourne, Australia.,Monash Addiction Research Centre and Eastern Health Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Victoria Manning
- Turning Point, Eastern Health, Melbourne, Australia.,Monash Addiction Research Centre and Eastern Health Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Vicky Phan
- Turning Point, Eastern Health, Melbourne, Australia
| | | | - Matthew Frei
- Turning Point, Eastern Health, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Dan I Lubman
- Turning Point, Eastern Health, Melbourne, Australia.,Monash Addiction Research Centre and Eastern Health Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
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Mulhall P, Taggart L, Coates V, McAloon T. Using a Delphi survey to gain an international consensus on the challenges of conducting trials with adults with intellectual disabilities. Clin Trials 2019; 17:138-146. [PMID: 31856601 DOI: 10.1177/1740774519887168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS People with intellectual disability experience higher rates of multi-morbidity and health inequalities, they are frequently prescribed medications and more likely to have an avoidable or premature death. There is a recognised lack of randomised controlled trials, and subsequently a lack of evidence base, for many of the interventions and treatments provided to people with intellectual disabilities. Very few disability-specific trials are conducted, and people with intellectual, and other cognitive, disabilities are routinely excluded from mainstream trials. There is an urgent need to facilitate more disability-specific trials or to encourage mainstream trialists to include people with disabilities in their studies. Obtaining a thorough understanding of the challenges inherent in these trials, and sharing this knowledge within the research community, may contribute significantly towards addressing this need. The aim of this study was to explore the practical and methodological challenges to conducting trials with adults with intellectual disabilities and to reach a consensus regarding which are the most important challenges for researchers for inclusion in a resource toolkit. METHODS A three-round modified Delphi survey was conducted with a panel of international trials researchers within the intellectual disability field. Items were assessed in terms of the consensus level and stability of responses. RESULTS A total of 64 challenges and barriers were agreed upon, across all aspects of the trial pathway, from planning through to reporting. Some challenges and barriers had been noted in the literature previously, but many previously uncited barriers (both systemic and attitudinal) were identified. CONCLUSION This is the first international survey exploring the experiences of researchers conducting randomised controlled trials with adults with intellectual disabilities. Many of the barriers and challenges reported can be overcome with creativity and some additional resources. Other challenges, including attitudes towards conducting trials with disabled populations, maybe harder to overcome. These findings have implications for conducting trials with other populations with cognitive or communication difficulties. Implications for disability researchers, funding bodies and ethical review panels are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Mulhall
- School of Nursing, Ulster University, Newtownabbey, Northern Ireland
| | - Laurence Taggart
- School of Nursing, Ulster University, Newtownabbey, Northern Ireland
| | - Vivien Coates
- School of Nursing, Ulster University, Newtownabbey, Northern Ireland
| | - Toni McAloon
- School of Nursing, Ulster University, Newtownabbey, Northern Ireland
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Schulte B, Lindemann C, Buchholz A, Rosahl A, Härter M, Kraus L, Kiefer F, Frischknecht U, Hoffmann S, Wensing M, O`Donnell A, Manthey J, Rehm J, Schäfer I, Verthein U, Reimer J. Tailored interventions to support the implementation of the German national guideline on screening, diagnosis and treatment of alcohol-related disorders: a project protocol. SUCHT-ZEITSCHRIFT FUR WISSENSCHAFT UND PRAXIS 2019. [DOI: 10.1024/0939-5911/a000629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Abstract. Background: The German Guideline on Screening, Diagnosis and Treatment of Alcohol Use Disorders aims to increase the uptake of evidence-based interventions for the early identification, diagnosis, prevention and treatment of alcohol-related disorders in relevant healthcare settings. To date, dissemination has not been accompanied by a guideline implementation strategy. The aim of this study is to develop tailored guideline implementation strategies and to field-test these in relevant medical and psycho-social settings in the city of Bremen, Germany. Methods: The study will conduct an impact and needs assessment of healthcare provision for alcohol use orders in Bremen, drawing on a range of secondary and primary data to: evaluate existing healthcare services; model the potential impact of improved care on public health outcomes; and identify potential barriers and facilitators to implementing evidence-based guidelines. Community advisory boards will be established for the selection of single-component or multi-faceted guideline implementation strategies. The tailoring approach considers guideline, provider and organizational factors shaping implementation. In field tests quality outcome indicators of the delivery of evidence-based interventions will be evaluated accompanied by a process evaluation to examine patient, provider and organizational factors. Outlook: This project will support the translation of guideline recommendations for the identification, prevention and treatment of AUD in routine practice and therefore contributes to the reduction of alcohol-related burden in Germany. The project is running since October 2017 and will provide its main outcomes by end of 2020. Project results will be published in scientific journals and presented at national and international conferences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernd Schulte
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Addiction Research, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christina Lindemann
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Addiction Research, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Angela Buchholz
- Department of Medical Psychology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Anke Rosahl
- Department of Medical Psychology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Martin Härter
- Department of Medical Psychology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ludwig Kraus
- IFT Institut für Therapieforschung, Munich, Germany
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
- Institute of Psychology, ELTE, Eötvös-Loránd-Universität, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Falk Kiefer
- Feuerlein Centrum für Translationale Suchtmedizin, Central Institute for Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Ulrich Frischknecht
- Feuerlein Centrum für Translationale Suchtmedizin, Central Institute for Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Sabine Hoffmann
- Feuerlein Centrum für Translationale Suchtmedizin, Central Institute for Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Michel Wensing
- Department of General Practice and Health Services Research, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Amy O`Donnell
- Institute of Health & Society, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Jakob Manthey
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Addiction Research, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Institute of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, TU Dresden, Germany
| | - Jürgen Rehm
- Institute of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, TU Dresden, Germany
- Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Ingo Schäfer
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Addiction Research, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Uwe Verthein
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Addiction Research, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jens Reimer
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Addiction Research, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Health North, Bremen, Germany
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20
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de Vries H, Pajor EM, Curfs KCJ, Eggers SM, Oenema A. How to foster informed decision making about food supplements: results from an international Delphi study. HEALTH EDUCATION RESEARCH 2019; 34:435-446. [PMID: 31157369 PMCID: PMC6646950 DOI: 10.1093/her/cyz017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2018] [Accepted: 05/24/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Food supplement use can have beneficial and detrimental effects, making informed decisions about supplement use important. How these decisions are made and which communication strategies can stimulate informed decision making is unclear. This study identified the important characteristics of (i) informed decision making about food supplement use and (ii) important factors indicating how to communicate about food supplements to foster informed decision making. An online three-round Delphi study was conducted. International experts within the field of (risk) communication about food supplements or related fields were recruited via email. The participants' age ranged from 25 to 69 years, and sample sizes for the three rounds were 38, 89 and 51, respectively. Experts indicated that for making an informed decision about food supplement use one needs to have knowledge of their positive and negative effects, the ability to compare these effects, knowing alternatives besides supplements, feeling informed, and feeling able (self-efficacious) to make the decision and making the decision voluntarily. Important communication strategies mentioned were: provision of information about positive and negative effects and the nature of these effects including scientific evidence, ensuring information is easily accessible, well ordered, tailored and provided by a trustworthy, credible and independent source.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hein de Vries
- Department of Health Promotion, Care and Public Health Research Institute (CAPHRI), Maastricht University, PO Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Em�lia M Pajor
- Department of Health Promotion, Care and Public Health Research Institute (CAPHRI), Maastricht University, PO Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Kenny C J Curfs
- Department of Health Promotion, Care and Public Health Research Institute (CAPHRI), Maastricht University, PO Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Sander M Eggers
- Department of Health Promotion, Care and Public Health Research Institute (CAPHRI), Maastricht University, PO Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Anke Oenema
- Department of Health Promotion, Care and Public Health Research Institute (CAPHRI), Maastricht University, PO Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
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Implementation of alcohol and drug screening, brief intervention, and referral to treatment: Nurse practitioner learner perspectives on a mobile app. J Am Assoc Nurse Pract 2019; 31:219-225. [DOI: 10.1097/jxx.0000000000000136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Rosário F, Vasiljevic M, Pas L, Fitzgerald N, Ribeiro C. Implementing alcohol screening and brief interventions in primary health care: study protocol for a pilot cluster randomized controlled trial. Fam Pract 2019; 36:199-205. [PMID: 29939239 DOI: 10.1093/fampra/cmy062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alcohol is one of the most important risk factors contributing to the global burden of disease. Screening and brief interventions in primary care settings are effective in reducing alcohol consumption. However, implementation of such interventions in routine practice has been proven difficult. Most programmes in practice and research have lacked a theoretical rationale for how they would change practitioner behaviour. OBJECTIVE To determine whether a theory-based behaviour change intervention delivered to primary care practices significantly increases delivery of alcohol screening. METHODS We will conduct a two-arm, cluster-randomized controlled, parallel, open trial. Twelve primary care practices will be randomized to one of two groups: training and support; and waiting-list control. Family physicians, nurses and receptionists will be eligible to participate. The intervention will be a training and support programme. The intervention will be tailored to the barriers and facilitators for implementing alcohol screening and brief interventions following the principles of the Behaviour Change Wheel approach. The primary outcome will be the proportion of patients screened with the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test. CONCLUSION This study will test whether a theory-driven implementation programme increases alcohol screening rates in primary care. Results from this trial will provide a useful addition to existing evidence by informing implementation researchers what areas of behaviour change are critical to increasing alcohol screening rates. TRIAL REGISTRATION clinicaltrials.gov NCT02968186.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frederico Rosário
- Tomaz Ribeiro Primary Health Care Center, Dão Lafões Primary Health Care Centers Grouping, Viseu, Portugal.,Instituto de Medicina Preventiva e Saúde Pública, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Milica Vasiljevic
- Behaviour and Health Research Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Leo Pas
- Academic Centre for General Practice, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Niamh Fitzgerald
- Institute for Social Marketing, UK Centre for Tobacco and Alcohol Studies, University of Stirling, Stirling, UK
| | - Cristina Ribeiro
- Instituto de Medicina Preventiva e Saúde Pública, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.,Division of Quality Management, Directorate-General of Health, Lisbon, Portugal
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Optimizing the delivery of interventions for harmful alcohol use in primary healthcare: an update. Curr Opin Psychiatry 2018; 31:324-332. [PMID: 29846264 DOI: 10.1097/yco.0000000000000435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Alcohol is a leading risk factor for ill health and premature death. Regardless of poor levels of implementation achieved after more than 30 years of research and policy advice, alcohol screening and brief advice (SBA) remains one of the best policy options. This study updates the evidence by considering recent publications on SBA for heavy drinking and alcohol use disorder in primary healthcare at a timely moment, because researchers are, at present, debating future direction of research and policy in this field. RECENT FINDINGS Systematic literature search between 1 January 2016 and 31 December 2017 was conducted for new research on alcohol SBA in primary healthcare. In all, 63 articles were included. SUMMARY Primary healthcare-based SBA programmes are effective in reducing alcohol consumption among heavier drinkers. There is low implementation of these programmes in real practice. Academia is rethinking and debating future directions.
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Abidi L, Oenema A, van den Akker M, van de Mheen D. Do general practitioners record alcohol abuse in the electronic medical records? A comparison of survey and medical record data. Curr Med Res Opin 2018; 34:567-572. [PMID: 29301406 DOI: 10.1080/03007995.2018.1424623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Primary care professionals are encouraged to screen patients for alcohol abuse. However, patients with alcohol abuse are often under-diagnosed as well as under-registered in medical records in general practices. This study aims to report on the registration rates of alcohol abuse diagnoses in general practices in comparison to patients' self-reported rates of alcohol use disorder. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Data of a total number of 2,349 patients were analyzed from the SMILE study, a large prospective cohort study conducted in The Netherlands. Two data collection strategies were combined: (1) Patient self-report data on alcohol consumption as well as other sociodemographic characteristics; (2) Medical record (ICPC codes) data of diagnoses of chronic and acute alcohol abuse of the same patients. GPs' registrations of diagnoses were compared with the self-report data using descriptive statistics. RESULTS Based on the results of the patient reported data, 179 (14.8%) male participants had an alcohol use disorder. Of the total number of female patients, 82 (7.2%) had an alcohol use disorder. One of the male and none of the female patients with an alcohol use disorder were registered as such by the GP. CONCLUSIONS This study found that 11.1% of the total patient sample reported an alcohol use disorder, of which a strikingly low number of patients were recorded as such by their GP. It is likely that low recognition due to barriers related to alcohol screening as well as registration avoidance due to the stigma around alcohol abuse play a role in low registration.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Abidi
- a Department of Health Promotion, School of Public Health and Primary Care , Maastricht University , Maastricht , The Netherlands
| | - A Oenema
- a Department of Health Promotion, School of Public Health and Primary Care , Maastricht University , Maastricht , The Netherlands
| | - M van den Akker
- b Department of Family Medicine, School for Public Health and Primary Care , Maastricht University , Maastricht , The Netherlands
- c Academic Center for General Practice/Department of Public Health and Primary Care , KU Leuven , Leuven , Belgium
| | - D van de Mheen
- a Department of Health Promotion, School of Public Health and Primary Care , Maastricht University , Maastricht , The Netherlands
- d Tranzo, School of Social and Behavioral Sciences , Tilburg University , Tilburg , The Netherlands
- e Erasmus Medical Centre , Rotterdam , the Netherlands
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Satre DD, Ly K, Wamsley M, Curtis A, Satterfield J. A Digital Tool to Promote Alcohol and Drug Use Screening, Brief Intervention, and Referral to Treatment Skill Translation: A Mobile App Development and Randomized Controlled Trial Protocol. JMIR Res Protoc 2017; 6:e55. [PMID: 28420604 PMCID: PMC5413801 DOI: 10.2196/resprot.7070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2016] [Revised: 02/18/2017] [Accepted: 02/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Translation of knowledge and skills from classroom settings to clinical practice is a major challenge in healthcare training, especially for behavioral interventions. For example, screening, brief intervention, and referral to treatment (SBIRT) is a highly-promoted approach to identifying and treating individuals at risk for alcohol or drug problems, yet effective, routine use of SBIRT has lagged. OBJECTIVE The objective of this paper is to describe the development, pilot testing, and trial protocol of a mobile app based on the theory of planned behavior (TPB) to promote SBIRT skill translation and application. METHODS Intended for use after classroom training occurs, the mobile app has three primary functions designed to increase behavioral intent to deliver SBIRT: (1) review skills (ie, address knowledge and beliefs about SBIRT), (2) apply skills with patients (ie, build confidence and perceived behavioral control), and (3) report performance data (ie, increase accountability and social norms and/or influence). The app includes depression and anxiety screening tools due to high comorbidity with substance use. A randomized controlled trial (RCT) is in progress among health and social service learners (N=200) recruited from 3 universities and 6 different training programs in nursing, social work, internal medicine, psychiatry, and psychology. Participants are randomized to SBIRT classroom instruction alone or classroom instruction plus app access prior to beginning their field placement rotations. TPB-based data are collected via Qualtrics or via the mobile app pre-post and SBIRT utilization, weekly for 10 weeks. Key outcomes include the frequency of and self-reported confidence in delivery of SBIRT. RESULTS Beta testing with advanced practice nursing students (N=22) indicated that the app and its associated assessment tools were acceptable and useful. The system usability scale (SUS) mean was 65.8 (n=19), which indicated that the SBIRT app was acceptable but could benefit from improvement. Indeed, modifications were implemented prior to starting the trial. Enrollment of trial participants began in September 2016. Results are expected by December 2017. CONCLUSIONS This report describes the process of TPB-based app development and testing, and the protocol for a RCT to determine the effectiveness of the app in enhancing skill translation. If effective, this approach could improve SBIRT implementation, fidelity, and clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derek D Satre
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States.,Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Division of Research, Oakland, CA, United States
| | - Khanh Ly
- Division of General Internal Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Maria Wamsley
- Division of General Internal Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Alexa Curtis
- School of Nursing and Health Professions, University of San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Jason Satterfield
- Division of General Internal Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States
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A theory-based implementation program for alcohol screening and brief intervention (ASBI) in general practices: Planned development and study protocol of a cluster randomised controlled trial. Contemp Clin Trials 2016; 51:78-87. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cct.2016.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2016] [Revised: 10/19/2016] [Accepted: 10/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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