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Bottaro R, Faraci P. The Beck Hopelessness Scale's psychometric features: A new short form based on item response theory. J Affect Disord 2024; 361:457-464. [PMID: 38897306 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.06.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 06/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The assessment of hopelessness plays a significant role in preventing various psychological disorders and major life events within the general population. However, the psychometric properties of the Beck Hopelessness Scale (BHS) have been a subject of controversy, primarily studied in clinical groups. The aim of the present study was to gain new psychometric insights and propose a new short version of the BHS for the general population using the Item Response Theory (IRT) approach. METHODS A total of 2164 Argentinean individuals completed the BHS alongside the Inventory of Suicide Orientation-30. We compared IRT models with two and three parameters for the original BHS version, exploring the removal of redundant and less informative items. Convergent and discriminant validity was also examined. RESULTS Our results support the 2PL model for the BHS-19. In addition, the BHS-10 short version adequately depicted the same range of the measured trait as the original version, showing reasonable measurement accuracy in the middle-high levels of the trait (marginal reliability = 0.70, Cronbach's α = 0.86). Notably, a positive correlation was found between the factorial score of BHS-10, BHS-19, and suicide orientation. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, our findings support the use of a simplified version as a practical and valuable tool for both research and clinical practice in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rossella Bottaro
- Department of Human and Social Sciences, Psychometrics Laboratory, University of Enna "Kore", Italy.
| | - Palmira Faraci
- Department of Human and Social Sciences, Psychometrics Laboratory, University of Enna "Kore", Italy.
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Duan H, Qin K, Hu L, Liu B, Su G, Zhang H, Xu J, Tu H. Association between sleep duration, suicidal ideation, suicidal attempt and suicidal behavior among Chinese adolescents. J Affect Disord 2024; 363:348-357. [PMID: 39029697 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.07.099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 06/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/21/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A relatively small number of studies have researched the relationship between sleep duration and suicidal ideation, attempts, and behavior. This research aims to investigate the link between sleep duration and suicide in Chinese adolescents, and to examine the role of depression as a mediating factor. METHOD Data were collected from 3315 students using a multi-stage random cluster sampling method and self-administered questionnaires. The study applied logistic regression to investigate the relationship between sleep duration and various forms of suicidal behavior, and mediation analysis to understand how depression might influence this relationship. RESULTS The average sleep duration among the adolescents was 7.25 h (±0.20), with 59.67 % reporting insufficient sleep. The logistic regression analysis showed that longer sleep duration is linked with lower risks of suicidal ideation (OR: 0.753, 95%CI: 0.696 to 0.814), suicidal attempts (OR: 0.830, 95%CI: 0.748 to 0.922), and suicidal behavior (OR: 0.841, 95%CI: 0.713 to 0.992). Analysis using restricted cubic spline plots indicated the connection between sleep duration and these suicidal factors was not linear. The study found that depression plays a partial mediating role between sleep duration and suicidal ideation, with an effect of 52.29 %. LIMITATIONS The cross-sectional study design could not prove causation. CONCLUSIONS There is a clear non-linear association between sleep duration and suicidal tendencies in adolescents, with depression acting as a mediator. This suggests that future research could focus on sleep and mood management as ways to address suicide risk in this age group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanmin Duan
- Center of Clinical Big Data and Analytics, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Department of Big Data in Health Science, School of Public Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 866 Yuhangtang Rd., Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Kang Qin
- HangZhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 568 Mingshi Road, Shangcheng District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310021, China
| | - Lingling Hu
- Center of Clinical Big Data and Analytics, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Department of Big Data in Health Science, School of Public Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 866 Yuhangtang Rd., Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Bing Liu
- HangZhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 568 Mingshi Road, Shangcheng District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310021, China
| | - Guowei Su
- Center of Clinical Big Data and Analytics, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Department of Big Data in Health Science, School of Public Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 866 Yuhangtang Rd., Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Han Zhang
- Center of Clinical Big Data and Analytics, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Department of Big Data in Health Science, School of Public Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 866 Yuhangtang Rd., Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jue Xu
- HangZhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 568 Mingshi Road, Shangcheng District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310021, China.
| | - Huakang Tu
- Center of Clinical Big Data and Analytics, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Department of Big Data in Health Science, School of Public Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 866 Yuhangtang Rd., Hangzhou 310058, China.
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Danielsen S, Strandberg-Larsen K, Hawton K, Nordentoft M, Erlangsen A, Madsen T. The iceberg model of suicidal ideation and behaviour in Danish adolescents: integration of national registry and self-reported data within a national birth cohort. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2024:10.1007/s00787-024-02503-w. [PMID: 38916768 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-024-02503-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/26/2024]
Abstract
Hospital records are used to identify suicide attempts in many countries but not all individuals present to hospital after a suicide attempt i.e., suggesting a 'hidden number'. Our aim was to present the prevalence of suicide ideation, plans, attempts, and suicides among Danish adolescents, including attempts not resulting in hospital contact. The study population consisted of participants in the Danish National Birth Cohort participating in an 18-year follow-up, with individual-level linkage to national register data. Prevalence was estimated with a variable with mutually exclusive categories ranging from no suicidality to self-reported suicide ideation, -plans, -attempt and hospital-recorded suicide attempt and stratified on sex and parental income. The 'hidden number' was estimated as the ratio between suicide attempts with and without hospital contact. Among 47 858 participants, all aged 18-years, 36% girls and 28% boys reported suicide ideation at least once in their life. In addition, 6% girls and 3% boys had either reported or been recorded with a suicide attempt. For every attempt recorded in the hospital setting, two girls (ratio, 1:2) and six boys (ratio, 1:6) reported having attempted suicide without hospital contact. The prevalence of any suicide attempt was 8% and 3% in the lowest and highest income group, respectively. Before age 18, 0·011% girls and 0·016% boys had died by suicide. In conclusion, suicidal ideation and behaviour are common in adolescents and there is a substantial 'hidden number' of adolescents with suicide attempt. These results emphasize the need for early age suicide preventive interventions in community-settings e.g., school environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stine Danielsen
- Danish Research Institute for Suicide Prevention - DRISP, Mental Health Center Copenhagen, University of Copenhagen, Gentofte Hospitalsvej 15, Opg. 15, 4. floor, Hellerup, DK - 2900, Denmark.
| | - Katrine Strandberg-Larsen
- Section of Epidemiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5, bd. 24, PO Box 2099, Copenhagen, DK - 1014, Denmark
| | - Keith Hawton
- Centre for Suicide Research, Department of Psychiatry, University of OxfordWarneford Hospital, Oxford, OX3 7JX, England
| | - Merete Nordentoft
- Danish Research Institute for Suicide Prevention - DRISP, Mental Health Center Copenhagen, University of Copenhagen, Gentofte Hospitalsvej 15, Opg. 15, 4. floor, Hellerup, DK - 2900, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, København, Denmark
| | - Annette Erlangsen
- Danish Research Institute for Suicide Prevention - DRISP, Mental Health Center Copenhagen, University of Copenhagen, Gentofte Hospitalsvej 15, Opg. 15, 4. floor, Hellerup, DK - 2900, Denmark
- Centre for Mental Health Research, Research School of Population Health, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
- Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Trine Madsen
- Danish Research Institute for Suicide Prevention - DRISP, Mental Health Center Copenhagen, University of Copenhagen, Gentofte Hospitalsvej 15, Opg. 15, 4. floor, Hellerup, DK - 2900, Denmark
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Richardson SC, Williams JA, Vance MM, Phipps-Bennett M, Stevenson AP, Herbert R. Informing Equitable Prevention Practices: A Statewide Disaggregated Analysis of Suicide for Ethnoracially Minoritized Adolescents. PREVENTION SCIENCE : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR PREVENTION RESEARCH 2024; 25:532-544. [PMID: 38429617 PMCID: PMC11093829 DOI: 10.1007/s11121-024-01654-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
The increase in adolescent suicide rates in the United States is a pervasive public health issue, and ethnoracial youth with diverse identities are disproportionately impacted, yet less studied. National planning efforts reinforce state-level approaches to suicide prevention through an equitable lens to prevent adolescent suicide. This study examined disaggregated state-level data over time to determine changes to suicide outcomes based on race/ethnicity, sex, sexual orientation, and the intersection of these identities and determined which sub-groups had higher odds of suicide outcomes. Data from the 1991-2019 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Youth Risk Behavioral Surveillance System were analyzed for 17,419 ethnoracially minoritized high school adolescents in North Carolina. Descriptive analyses and multinominal logistic regression models were employed. Findings indicated that subgroups within categories of ethnoracial populations, specifically Black female adolescents unsure of their sexual orientation, reported higher rates of suicide attempts. Additionally, Multiracial adolescents reported higher means for suicide consideration and attempts over time. Recommendations for investigating state-level suicide data by focusing on diverse intersecting identities to illuminate areas for potential prevention efforts and support health equity are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonyia C Richardson
- School of Social Work, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, 9201 University City Blvd, Charlotte, NC, 28223, USA.
| | | | | | - Margaret Phipps-Bennett
- School of Social Work, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, 9201 University City Blvd, Charlotte, NC, 28223, USA
| | | | - Rehaana Herbert
- University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC, USA
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Looijmans M, van Bergen D, Popma A, van Eijk N, Mérelle S, van Veen S, Hawton K, Gilissen R. The self-perceived needs of adolescents with suicidal behaviour: a scoping review. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2023:10.1007/s00787-023-02342-1. [PMID: 38147110 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-023-02342-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
Suicidal behaviour in adolescents is a major public health problem. Much research on this issue has focused on epidemiology and risk factors for suicidal behaviour, paying less attention to the self-perceived needs of adolescents. However, to increase engagement in suicide prevention, it is important to include the views of adolescents. A scoping review was performed to identify the available empirical study findings, of any study design, related to the self-perceived needs of adolescents with suicidal behaviour. The literature databases Medline, Embase, Psycinfo, CINAHL, ERIC, Scopus, and Web of Science were searched. Twenty-nine studies from 14 predominantly Anglo countries were included in the scoping review. The review showed that girls were overrepresented and that studies predominantly used qualitative approaches. The identified needs of adolescents with suicidal behaviour can broadly be grouped into needs related to the following areas: the importance of connecting with other people; adolescents' self-help strategies and personal growth after self-harm; mental healthcare; school or study programs; and needs related to society in relation to taboo on suicidal behaviour. Prevention of suicidal behaviour in adolescents will need to focus on development and strengthening of interventions fitting the needs of adolescents in these areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milou Looijmans
- Research Department, 113 Suicide Prevention, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry & Psychosocial Care, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Diana van Bergen
- Faculty of Pedagogical and Educational Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Arne Popma
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry & Psychosocial Care, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Nikki van Eijk
- Research Department, 113 Suicide Prevention, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Saskia Mérelle
- Research Department, 113 Suicide Prevention, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sisco van Veen
- Research Department, 113 Suicide Prevention, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Keith Hawton
- Centre for Suicide Research, University Department of Psychiatry, Warneford Hospital, Oxford, UK
- Oxford Health NHS Foundation Trust, Warneford Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - Renske Gilissen
- Research Department, 113 Suicide Prevention, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Walsh EH, Herring MP, McMahon J. Exploring adolescents' perspectives on and experiences with post-primary school-based suicide prevention: a meta-ethnography protocol. Syst Rev 2023; 12:4. [PMID: 36631829 PMCID: PMC9832255 DOI: 10.1186/s13643-022-02166-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Globally, suicide is the fourth leading cause of adolescent mortality. Although post-primary school-based suicide prevention (PSSP) interventions are an evidence-based strategy for targeting adolescent suicidal thoughts and behaviors (STBs), PSSP effectiveness does not easily translate to school settings. Adolescents' perspectives on PSSP are particularly important for (1) intervention effectiveness and implementation in both research and practice, (2) addressing PSSP evidence-practice gaps, and (3) enhancing meaningful adolescent involvement in PSSP, yet there is a gap in understanding adolescents' experiences of engaging with PSSP. As such, this protocol outlines a meta-ethnography which will explore and synthesize adolescents' perspectives on engaging with PSSP interventions, as participants/end-users, intervention advisors, facilitators, and co-designers and co-researchers. METHODS The meta-ethnography protocol follows the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols (PRISMA-P) guidelines. The protocol was guided by the seven-stage process for meta-ethnography proposed by Noblit and Hare. Searches of PsycINFO, MEDLINE, Web of Science, CINAHL, ERIC, Scopus, and study reference lists will identify peer-reviewed studies. Gray literature will be identified by searches in ProQuest, British Library EThOS, and DART-Europe E-theses Portal. The main reviewer will initially assess the eligibility of studies based on title and abstract, with full texts reviewed by at least two reviewers. Findings of the included studies will be synthesized in line with Noblit and Hare's stages and evaluated using the Critical Appraisal Skills Program (CASP) checklist. DISCUSSION To our knowledge, this is the first proposed meta-ethnography to explore and integrate the findings of qualitative studies exploring adolescents' perspectives on engaging with PSSP interventions. Understanding adolescents' experiences of engaging with PSSP will impact the field of PSSP in several ways by (1) enhancing research processes and intervention effectiveness and implementation, (2) informing decision-making and policymaking relevant to practice, (3) guiding meaningful adolescent involvement in PSSP, and (4) contributing to knowledge on the safety implications of engaging adolescents in PSSP. Finally, it is expected that the insights from this meta-ethnography will be widely applicable, given the growing demand for meaningful youth involvement in health-related fields. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION PROSPERO CRD42022319424.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eibhlin H Walsh
- School, Child & Youth (SCY) Mental Health and Wellbeing Research Lab, Department of Psychology, University of Limerick, FG150, Foundation building, Limerick, Ireland. .,National Institute of Studies in Education, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland. .,Health Research Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland.
| | - Matthew P Herring
- Physical Activity for Health Cluster, Health Research Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland.,Department of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Jennifer McMahon
- School, Child & Youth (SCY) Mental Health and Wellbeing Research Lab, Department of Psychology, University of Limerick, FG150, Foundation building, Limerick, Ireland.,National Institute of Studies in Education, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland.,Health Research Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
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