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Hossain SJ, Hamadani JD, Tofail F, Fisher J, Rahman MA, Rahman SM. Factors associated with children's cognitive, language, and motor development in deprived urban settings in Bangladesh. Child Care Health Dev 2024; 50:e13225. [PMID: 38265136 DOI: 10.1111/cch.13225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2022] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Children's development is multifactorial. Although there have been several studies exploring the association of children's development with maternal, child, and environmental factors, we are unaware of any study that assessed those factors in children whose mothers were enrolled in a social safety net programme in low- and middle-income countries. This study aimed to identify the factors associated with disadvantaged children's cognitive, language, and motor development at age 6-16 months in deprived settings of urban Bangladesh and to identify relative importance of these factors of children's development. We also explored if there were any gender differences in child development. METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted in a deprived setting of urban Bangladesh. Bayley III was used for assessing children's cognitive, language, and motor development. Multivariable linear regression model was used to find the factors associated with children's development, and dominance analysis was used to explore the relative importance of the factors. RESULTS Out of the total 599 mother-child dyads, 303 (50.58%) were girls. The factors associated with children's development were length-for-age Z-score (cognitive: B = 1.21 [95% CI = 0.31, 2.11], P = 0.008; language: 1.67 [0.79, 2.55] P < 0.001; motor: 2.15 [1.01, 3.29] P < 0.001) and home environment (cognitive: 0.58 [0.27, 0.89] P < 0.001; language: 0.59 [0.27, 0.92], P < 0.001; motor: 0.44 [0.09, 0.79] P = 0.013). Girls had higher cognitive (1.90 [0.17, 3.6], P = 0.031) and language (2.53 [0.55, 4.51], P = 0.013) development compared with boys. Families with a higher number of under five children within the households had lower language (-1.57 [-2.78, -0.36], P = 0.011) development. Violence against the mother and the families' food security status were not associated with the children's development. Children's length-for-age Z-score (27%) and home stimulation environment (23%) were the most important factors of cognitive development. CONCLUSION Children's nutritional status and home environment are important factors for disadvantaged children's development in deprived urban settings of Bangladesh. Both early child development-focussed parenting and nutrition interventions should be considered when designing child development programmes in urban settings in low- and middle-income countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheikh Jamal Hossain
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research Bangladesh (icddr,b), Mohakhali, Bangladesh
| | | | - Fahmida Tofail
- International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research Bangladesh (icddr,b), Mohakhali, Bangladesh
| | - Jane Fisher
- Global and Women's Health, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Md Anisur Rahman
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research Bangladesh (icddr,b), Mohakhali, Bangladesh
| | - Syed Moshfiqur Rahman
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research Bangladesh (icddr,b), Mohakhali, Bangladesh
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Duff DM, Hendricks AE, Fitton L, Adlof SM. Reading and Math Achievement in Children With Dyslexia, Developmental Language Disorder, or Typical Development: Achievement Gaps Persist From Second Through Fourth Grades. JOURNAL OF LEARNING DISABILITIES 2023; 56:371-391. [PMID: 35726736 PMCID: PMC10426256 DOI: 10.1177/00222194221105515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
We examined how children (N = 448) with separate or co-occurring developmental language disorder (DLD) and dyslexia performed on school-based measures of academic functioning between second and fourth grades. Children were recruited from 1 school district in the U.S. state of South Carolina via classroom screenings and met common research criteria for DLD and dyslexia. Growth curve models were used to examine the overall form of growth and differences between groups. Children with DLD and/or dyslexia in second grade showed early and persistent deficits on school-administered measures of reading and math. In second grade, children with typical development (TD) scored significantly higher than children with dyslexia-only and DLD-only, who did not differ from each other. Children with DLD+dyslexia scored significantly lower than all other groups. Only small differences in growth rates were observed, and gaps in second grade did not close. Despite lower academic performance, few children (20%-27%) with dyslexia and/or DLD had received specialized support services. Children with DLD-only received services at less than half the rate of dyslexia-only or DLD+dyslexia despite similar impacts on academic performance. Evidence of significant and persistent functional impacts in the context of low rates of support services in these children-especially those with DLD-only-highlights the need to raise awareness of these disorders.
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Daniel J, Barth A. Exploring reading profiles of rural school students. ANNALS OF DYSLEXIA 2023; 73:235-259. [PMID: 36630027 DOI: 10.1007/s11881-022-00276-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
This study investigates the reading profiles of rural Grade 5 and 6 students (N = 262), a sample with a high proportion of English language learners. We administered a battery of reading and cognitive assessments to classify students' reading profiles and evaluate if performance on cognitive measures predicted membership in particular profiles. Data were analyzed using latent profile analysis. Latent profile analysis showed four distinct reading profiles in our sample: students with severe reading disabilities (< 2%), students at high risk of reading disability (14%), students at some-risk of reading disability (46%), and students who are typical readers (38%). Lower performance on cognitive measures was associated with group membership in the severe reading profile group compared to the group of students at some-risk of reading failure. In contrast, higher performance on cognitive measures was associated with group membership in the typical reader group compared to students at some-risk of reading failure. In keeping with the findings from past studies documenting reader profiles, we found heterogeneity in the reading profiles of rural upper-elementary grade students. We discuss the need for multicomponent interventions that target all areas of reading with some flexibility in the dosage of each reading component dependent on the reader profiles established prior to intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johny Daniel
- School of Education, Durham University, Leazes Rd, Durham, DH1 1TA, UK.
| | - Amy Barth
- William Jewell College, Liberty, MO, USA
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Forné S, López-Sala A, Mateu-Estivill R, Adan A, Caldú X, Rifà-Ros X, Serra-Grabulosa JM. Improving Reading Skills Using a Computerized Phonological Training Program in Early Readers with Reading Difficulties. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:11526. [PMID: 36141796 PMCID: PMC9517531 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191811526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In the last years, there has been a big effort to identify risk factors for reading difficulties and to develop new methodologies to help struggling readers. It has been shown that early intervention is more successful than late intervention, and that intensive training programs can benefit children with reading difficulties. The aim of our study is to investigate the effectiveness of an intensive computerized phonological training program designed to improve reading performance in a sample of children with reading difficulties at the early stages of their reading learning process. Thirty-two children with reading difficulties were randomly assigned to one of the two intervention groups: RDIR (children with reading difficulties following a computerized intensive remediation strategy) (n = 20) (7.01 ± 0.69 years), focused on training phonemic awareness, decoding and reading fluency through the computational training; and RDOR (children with reading difficulties following an ordinary remediation strategy) (n = 12) (6.92 ± 0.82 years), which consisted of a reinforcement of reading with a traditional training approach at school. Normal readers (NR) were assigned to the control group (n = 24) (7.32 ± 0.66 years). Our results indicate that both the RDIR and RDOR groups showed an increased reading performance after the intervention. However, children in the RDIR group showed a stronger benefit than the children in the RDOR group, whose improvement was weaker. The control group did not show significant changes in reading performance during the same period. In conclusion, results suggest that intensive early intervention based on phonics training is an effective strategy to remediate reading difficulties, and that it can be used at school as the first approach to tackle such difficulties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanna Forné
- Department of Psychiatry and Legal Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Anna López-Sala
- Department of Neurology, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, 08950 Esplugues de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Roger Mateu-Estivill
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, University of Barcelona, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ana Adan
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, University of Barcelona, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
- Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Xavier Caldú
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, University of Barcelona, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
- Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Xavier Rifà-Ros
- Department of Cognition, Development and Educational Psychology, University of Barcelona, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
- Cognition and Brain Plasticity Unit, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute, 08908 L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Josep M. Serra-Grabulosa
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, University of Barcelona, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
- Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
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Hassan-Abbas NM. Resilience and Risk Factors Predict Family Stress Among Married Palestinians in Israel During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Front Psychol 2022; 13:913330. [PMID: 35814105 PMCID: PMC9263590 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.913330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study examined effects of sociodemographic, risk, and resilience factors on marital, parental, and financial stress early in the COVID-19 pandemic. A cross-sectional online survey was conducted among 480 married Palestinians living in Israel, using self-report questionnaires. Descriptive statistics and bivariate correlations were computed. Then, hierarchical multiple regression analyses were conducted to predict each of the three stress measures. Finally, dominance analyses were conducted to compare the contributions of sociodemographic, risk, and resilience factors. The results showed considerable differences between predictors of marital and parental stress and predictors of financial stress. For marital and parental stress, resilience factors mainly family resilience were the strongest predictors, followed by risk factors and then sociodemographic characteristics. For financial stress, risk factors (mainly financial damage and prior stressful life events) were the strongest predictors, followed by sociodemographic characteristics and resilience factors (mainly individual resilience). These results suggest that family and individual resilience reduce marital and parental stress under difficult conditions, including the COVID-19 pandemic. Though resilience has been found to ameliorate financial stress to some extent, it appears that other measures are required to manage stress related to financial difficulties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niveen M. Hassan-Abbas
- Department of Special Education and Psychology, Department of Behavioral Sciences, Zefat Academic College, Safed, Israel
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Tetteh J, Adomako I, Udofia EA, Yarney E, Quansah H, Yawson AO, Essuman A, Yawson AE. Hygienic disposal of stools and risk of diarrheal episodes among children aged under two years: Evidence from the Ghana Demographic Health Survey, 2003–2014. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0266681. [PMID: 35390094 PMCID: PMC8989342 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0266681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Most childhood diarrheal illnesses are a result of the faeco-oral transmission of infected food, water, and unclean fingers. The present paper was conducted to estimate the prevalence of hygienic disposal of stools (HDS) and its associated factors, and further quantify the impact of HDS on diarrheal diseases among children under two years. Methods A cross-sectional design was used to evaluate three rounds of the Ghana Demographic Health Survey (GDHS) from 2003–2014 involving 4869 women with children aged under two years. The outcomes were prevalence of HDS and diarrheal diseases. Poisson regression model was employed to assess risk factors associated with HDS and dominance analysis was used to rank the important risk factors. Inverse Probability Weighting Poisson Regression Adjustment (IPWPRA) with Propensity Score 1:1 density kernel-based matching was employed to assess impact. Results The pooled prevalence rate of HDS was 26.5%(95%CI = 24.6–28.4) and it ranged from 18.7% (95%CI = 16.4–21.2) in 2014 to 38.8%(95%CI = 35.3–42.4) in 2003. Diarrhea diseases pooled prevalence was 17.9%(95%CI = 16.4–19.5) and ranged from 13.3%(95%CI = 11.1–15.9) in 2014 to 25.4%(95%CI = 22.2–28.9) in 2003. The overall growth rate for HDS and prevalence of diarrhea diseases, decreased by 21.6% and 11.4% respectively. The most important risk factors of HDS from dominance analysis included; age of the child, wealth index, and differences in region. From pooled data wealth index, increasing age of the child, and regional disparity constituted approximately 72% of the overall impact (Weighted Standardized Dominance Statistics (WSDS) = 0.30, 0.24, and 0.19 respectively). In 2014, they constituted approximately 79% (WSDS = 0.139, 0.177 and 0.471 respectively). The average prevalence of diarrheal diseases among children of women who practiced HDS reduced over the period of the GDHS compared to those whose mothers did not practice HDS [2008 ATE(95%CI) = -0.09(-0.16–0.02), 2014 ATE(95%CI) = -0.05(-0.09–0.01) and Pooled data ATE(95%CI) = -0.05(-0.09–0.02)]. Conclusion This analysis has provided empirical evidence of the impact of practicing HDS in Ghana from a national household survey. Implementation of the WASH agenda in this low-income setting requires a synergy of interventions and collaborations of actors (government, private and development partners) to improve water and sanitation facilities and to increase hygiene education to prevent the spread of diseases including diarrhea by 2025.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Tetteh
- Department of Community Health, University of Ghana Medical School, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
- * E-mail: ,
| | - Isaac Adomako
- Department of Community Health, University of Ghana Medical School, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - Emilia Asuquo Udofia
- Department of Community Health, University of Ghana Medical School, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - Elom Yarney
- Department of Community Health, University of Ghana Medical School, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - Henry Quansah
- Department of Community Health, University of Ghana Medical School, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - Anita Ohenewa Yawson
- Ground Floor Surgical Intensive Care Unit, Department of Anaesthesia, Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital, Accra, Ghana
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - Akye Essuman
- Department of Community Health, University of Ghana Medical School, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - Alfred Edwin Yawson
- Department of Community Health, University of Ghana Medical School, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
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Washburn J. Reviewing Evidence on the Relations Between Oral Reading Fluency and Reading Comprehension for Adolescents. JOURNAL OF LEARNING DISABILITIES 2022; 55:22-42. [PMID: 34533088 DOI: 10.1177/00222194211045122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In this article, I systematically review evidence on the relations between oral reading fluency (ORF) and reading comprehension (RC) for adolescents with limited reading proficiency (ALRP) in Grades 6 to12. I organized findings from 23 studies into five themes: (a) unclear role of ORF in the simple view of reading model for ALRP, (b) ALRP have distinct reader profiles, (c) ORF consists of more than automaticity, (d) the role of ORF varies, and (e) oral reading automaticity has tenuous predictive value for ALRP. Results suggest that knowledge of an adolescent's ORF, as commonly defined and assessed, provides helpful information about an adolescent's reader profile but is not sufficient to evaluate instructional needs or measure progress. I conclude the article with a discussion on implications for researchers, assessment developers, practitioners, and school administrators.
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Denton CA, Hall C, Cho E, Cannon G, Scammacca N, Wanzek J. A meta-analysis of the effects of foundational skills and multicomponent reading interventions on reading comprehension for primary-grade students. LEARNING AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 2022; 93:102062. [PMID: 36425054 PMCID: PMC9683349 DOI: 10.1016/j.lindif.2021.102062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This meta-analysis examined the effects on reading comprehension of foundational reading skills and multicomponent reading interventions provided to students with or at risk for reading difficulties or disabilities (students with RDs) in kindergarten through Grade 3. The meta-analysis included studies identified by Wanzek et al. (2016) and Wanzek et al. (2018), with an updated search through August of 2019, for a total of 47 included studies (m = 112; total student N = 7446). The weighted average effect on norm-referenced reading comprehension outcomes was estimated as g = 0.37, indicating that primary-grade interventions have an educationally meaningful effect on reading comprehension for students with RDs. Effects did not differ for interventions focused only on foundational reading skills and those that provided both foundational skills and comprehension instruction. Effects were significantly moderated by the measurement timepoint, with follow-up effect sizes being, on average, 0.16 smaller than immediate posttest effect sizes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Colby Hall
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Eunsoo Cho
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Grace Cannon
- University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
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Clemens NH, Hsiao YY, Lee K, Martinez-Lincoln A, Moore C, Toste J, Simmons L. The Differential Importance of Component Skills on Reading Comprehension Test Performance Among Struggling Adolescent Readers. JOURNAL OF LEARNING DISABILITIES 2021; 54:155-169. [PMID: 32552331 DOI: 10.1177/0022219420932139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Reading comprehension tests vary in format and characteristics, which may influence the extent to which component skills are involved in test performance. With students in Grades 6 to 8 with reading difficulties, dominance analyses examined the differential importance of component reading and language skills (word- and text-reading fluency, vocabulary, listening comprehension, and working memory) on several standardized tests of reading comprehension: The Gates-MacGinitie Reading Test, 4th edition (GMRT), Group Reading Assessment and Diagnostic Evaluation, Gray Oral Reading Test, 5th edition (GORT-5), and the Test of Silent Reading Efficiency and Comprehension (TOSREC). Students' word- and text-reading fluency skills were generally the most dominant predictors of performance on most reading comprehension tests, especially those with a time limit (GMRT and TOSREC). Listening comprehension was most important on the GORT-5, a test in which students read passages orally and listen to questions read by an examiner. Working memory was the least important component skill across the reading comprehension tests. Overall, results were consistent with previous work indicating that reading comprehension measures vary with regard to the skills or knowledge sources that are most important for test performance and extend these findings to struggling adolescent readers. Implications for research and practice are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yu-Yu Hsiao
- The University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, USA
| | - Kejin Lee
- The University of Texas at Austin, USA
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Mange J, Mauduy M, Sénémeaud C, Bagneux V, Cabé N, Jacquet D, Leconte P, Margas N, Mauny N, Ritz L, Gierski F, Beaunieux H. What really matters in binge drinking: A dominance analysis of binge drinking psychological determinants among University students. Addict Behav Rep 2021; 13:100346. [PMID: 33997251 PMCID: PMC8090991 DOI: 10.1016/j.abrep.2021.100346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Revised: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Binge drinking (BD) is a public health concern, especially in young people. Multiple individual factors referring to different level of analyses - positional, inter-individual and intra-individual - are associated to BD. As they have mainly been explored separately, little is known about the psychological variables most associated with BD. This study, based on an integrative model considering a large number of variables, aims to estimate these associations and possible dominance of some variables in BD. Methods A sample of university students (N = 2851) participated in an internet survey-based study. They provided information on alcohol related variables (AUDIT, BD score), positional factors (sex, age), inter-individual factors (subjective norm, social identity, external motivations), and intra-individual factors (internal motivations, meta-cognitions, impulsivity and personality traits). The data were processed via a backward regression analysis including all variables and completed with a dominance analysis on variables that are significantly associated with BD intensity. Results The strongest variables associated with BD intensity were enhancement motives and drinking identity (average ΔR 2 = 21.81%), followed by alcohol subjective norm and social motives (average ΔR 2 = 13.99%). Other associated variables (average ΔR 2 = 2,84%) were negative metacognition on uncontrollability, sex, coping motives, lack of premeditation, positive metacognition on cognitive self-regulation, positive urgency, lack of perseverance, age, conformity motives and loneliness. Conclusion Results offer new avenues at the empirical level, by spotting particularly inter-individual psychological variables that should be more thoroughly explored, but also at the clinical level, to elaborate new prevention strategies focusing on these specific factors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Nicolas Cabé
- Service d'Addictologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Caen Normandie, 14000 Caen, France.,Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, PSL Université de Paris, EPHE, INSERM, U1077, GIP Cyceron, Neuropsychologie et Imagerie de la Mémoire Humaine, 14000 Caen, France
| | | | | | - Nicolas Margas
- Sport Sciences Institute, University of Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Fabien Gierski
- Reims Champagne-Ardenne Univ, URCA, C2S (EA6291), 51571 Reims, France.,Groupe de Recherche sur l'Alcool et les Pharmacodépendances, GRAP, INSERM U1247, 80025 Amiens, France
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Ribeiro I, Cadime I, Freitas T, Viana FL. Beyond word recognition, fluency, and vocabulary: The influence of reasoning on reading comprehension. AUSTRALIAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/ajpy.12095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Irene Cadime
- Research Centre on Child Studies, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal,
| | - Tânia Freitas
- School of Psychology, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal,
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Yavuz-Kodat E, Reynaud E, Geoffray MM, Limousin N, Franco P, Bonnet-Brilhault F, Bourgin P, Schroder CM. Disturbances of Continuous Sleep and Circadian Rhythms Account for Behavioral Difficulties in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9061978. [PMID: 32599848 PMCID: PMC7356341 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9061978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Revised: 06/20/2020] [Accepted: 06/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Sleep disorders are among the most common comorbidities in children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), and subjectively defined sleep disturbances have been related to ASD symptom severity. However, no study has investigated the differential impact of objectively measured sleep and circadian rhythm disturbances on behavioral difficulties in this population. Fifty-two children with ASD aged 3-10 years underwent assessments of sleep and circadian rest-activity rhythms objectively with actigraphy and subjectively with the Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire. Behavioral difficulties were assessed using the ABC-C. Group comparison analyses were used to compare sleep and circadian rhythm parameters of children with higher and lower behavioral difficulties and dominance analysis to rank predictors and address multicollinearity. Children with high irritability had a shorter continuous sleep period compared to those with lower irritability (-60 min, p = 0.04), as well as those with high stereotypic behaviors compared to children with less stereotypies (-75 min, p = 0.006). Objective circadian and sleep disturbances accounted together for, respectively, 17%, 18% and 36% of the variance in social withdrawal, irritability and stereotypic behaviors. The identification of both sleep and circadian rhythm disturbances as explanatory factors for behavioral difficulties warrants their inclusion in the existing behavioral management strategies for children with ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enise Yavuz-Kodat
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique CNRS UPR 3212, Université de Strasbourg, Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives, 8 allée du Général Rouvillois, 67000 Strasbourg, France; (E.Y.-K.); (P.B.); (C.M.S.)
| | - Eve Reynaud
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique CNRS UPR 3212, Université de Strasbourg, Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives, 8 allée du Général Rouvillois, 67000 Strasbourg, France; (E.Y.-K.); (P.B.); (C.M.S.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Marie-Maude Geoffray
- Department of Child and Adolescent Neurodevelopmental Psychiatry, Le Vinatier Hospital, 95 Boulevard Pinel, 69678 Bron CEDEX, France;
- Health Services and Performance Research (HESPER), Claude Bernard University Lyon 1, 43 Boulevard du 11 Novembre 1918, 69622 Villeurbane CEDEX, France
| | - Nadège Limousin
- Department of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology, University Hospital Bretonneau, 2 Boulevard Tonnellé, 37044 Tours, France;
| | - Patricia Franco
- Pediatric Sleep, Hôpital Femme-Mère-Enfant, Hospices civils of Lyon, 59 Boulevard Pinel, 69500 Bron, France;
- Lyon Neuroscience Research Center U1028/UMR5292, Claude Bernard University Lyon 1, 43 Boulevard du 11 Novembre 1918, 69622 Villeurbane CEDEX, France
| | - Frédérique Bonnet-Brilhault
- UMR 1253, iBrain, Université de Tours, Inserm, CHRU de Tours, Centre Universitaire de Pédopsychiatrie, 2 Boulevard Tonnellé, 37044 Tours, France;
| | - Patrice Bourgin
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique CNRS UPR 3212, Université de Strasbourg, Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives, 8 allée du Général Rouvillois, 67000 Strasbourg, France; (E.Y.-K.); (P.B.); (C.M.S.)
- Sleep Disorders Center, International Research Center for ChronoSomnology, Strasbourg University Hospitals, 1 place de l’Hôpital, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Carmen M. Schroder
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique CNRS UPR 3212, Université de Strasbourg, Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives, 8 allée du Général Rouvillois, 67000 Strasbourg, France; (E.Y.-K.); (P.B.); (C.M.S.)
- Sleep Disorders Center, International Research Center for ChronoSomnology, Strasbourg University Hospitals, 1 place de l’Hôpital, 67000 Strasbourg, France
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Strasbourg University Hospitals & University of Strasbourg Medical School, 67000 Strasbourg, France
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Rezaei A, Mousanezhad Jeddi E. The Contributions of Attentional Control Components, Phonological Awareness, and Working Memory to Reading Ability. JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLINGUISTIC RESEARCH 2020; 49:31-40. [PMID: 31440943 DOI: 10.1007/s10936-019-09669-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to examine the relationship between the components of attentional control, phonological awareness, and working memory with reading. 209 students (109 females and 150 males with the mean age of 9 years) completed Integrated Visual and Auditory Continuous Performance Test, digit span subscale of WISC-IV, Reading Test, and Phonological Awareness Test. Using path analysis, the components of focus, response inhibition (prudence), vigilance, processing speed showed statistically direct effect on reading. The direct effect of phonological awareness on reading was statistically significant. Also, the effect of working memory on reading was not significant. The results could help to understand the roles of attentional control components in predicting reading ability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akbar Rezaei
- Department of Psychology, Payame Noor University (PNU), P.O. BOX 19395-3697, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Elnaz Mousanezhad Jeddi
- Department of Psychology, Payame Noor University (PNU), P.O. BOX 19395-3697, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Psychology, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
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14
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Cirino PT, Miciak J, Ahmed Y, Barnes MA, Taylor WP, Gerst EH. Executive Function: Association with Multiple Reading Skills. READING AND WRITING 2019; 32:1819-1846. [PMID: 31680727 PMCID: PMC6824553 DOI: 10.1007/s11145-018-9923-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Executive function (EF) is related to reading. However, there is a lack of clarity around (a) the relative contribution of different components of EF to different reading components (word reading, fluency, comprehension), and (b) how EF operates in the context of known strong language predictors (e.g., components of the Simple View of Reading or SVR), and other skills theoretically related to reading (e.g., vocabulary, processing speed) and/or to EF (e.g., short-term memory, motor function). In a large sample of 3rd to 5th graders oversampled for struggling readers, this paper evaluates the impact of EF derived from a bifactor model (Cirino, Ahmed, Miciak, Taylor, Gerst, & Barnes, 2018) in the context of well-known covariates and demographics. Beyond common EF, five specific factors (two related to working memory, and factors of fluency, self-regulated learning, and behavioral inattention/metacognition) were addressed. EF consistently showed a unique contribution to already-strong predictive models for all reading outcomes; for reading comprehension, EF interacted with SVR indices (word reading and listening comprehension). The findings extend and refine our understanding of the contribution of EF to reading skill.
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15
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Ryherd K, Jasinska K, Van Dyke JA, Hung YH, Baron E, Mencl WE, Zevin J, Landi N. Cortical regions supporting reading comprehension skill for single words and discourse. BRAIN AND LANGUAGE 2018; 186:32-43. [PMID: 30212746 PMCID: PMC6447036 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandl.2018.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2017] [Revised: 07/16/2018] [Accepted: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
A substantial amount of variation in reading comprehension skill is explained by listening comprehension skill, suggesting tight links between printed and spoken discourse processing. In addition, both word level (e.g., vocabulary) and discourse-level sub-skills (e.g., inference-making) support overall comprehension. However, while these contributions to variation in comprehension skill have been well-studied behaviorally, the underlying neurobiological basis of these relationships is less well understood. In order to examine the neural bases of individual differences in reading comprehension as a function of input modality and processing level, we examined functional neural activation to both spoken and printed single words and passages in adolescents with a range of comprehension skill. Data driven Partial Least Squares Correlation (PLSC) analyses revealed that comprehension skill was positively related to activation in a number of regions associated with discourse comprehension and negatively related to activation in regions associated with executive function and memory across processing levels and input modalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Ryherd
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, United States; Haskins Laboratories, New Haven, CT, United States; CT Institute for the Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Storrs, CT, United States
| | - K Jasinska
- Department of Linguistics and Cognitive Science, University of Delaware, United States; Haskins Laboratories, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - J A Van Dyke
- Haskins Laboratories, New Haven, CT, United States; CT Institute for the Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Storrs, CT, United States
| | - Y-H Hung
- Haskins Laboratories, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - E Baron
- Haskins Laboratories, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - W E Mencl
- Haskins Laboratories, New Haven, CT, United States; Department of Linguistics, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - J Zevin
- Haskins Laboratories, New Haven, CT, United States; Departments of Psychology and Linguistics, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - N Landi
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, United States; Haskins Laboratories, New Haven, CT, United States; Yale Child Study Center, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States; CT Institute for the Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Storrs, CT, United States.
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16
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Francis DJ, Kulesz PA, Benoit JS. Extending the Simple View of Reading to Account for Variation Within Readers and Across Texts: The Complete View of Reading (CVR i). REMEDIAL AND SPECIAL EDUCATION : RASE 2018; 39:274-288. [PMID: 31130774 PMCID: PMC6530938 DOI: 10.1177/0741932518772904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
This study leverages advances in multivariate cross-classified random effects models to extend the Simple View of Reading to account for variation within readers and across texts, allowing for both the personalization of the reading function and the integration of the component skills and text and discourse frameworks for reading research. We illustrate the Complete View of Reading (CVRi) using data from an intensive longitudinal design study with a large sample of typical (N = 648) and struggling readers (N = 865) in middle school and using oral reading fluency as a proxy for comprehension. To illustrate the utility of the CVRi, we present a model with cross-classified random intercepts for students and passages and random slopes for growth, Lexile difficulty, and expository text type at the student level. We highlight differences between typical and struggling readers and differences across students in different grades. The model illustrates that readers develop differently and approach the reading task differently, showing differential impact of text features on their fluency. To be complete, a model of reading must be able to reflect this heterogeneity at the person and passage level, and the CVRi is a step in that direction. Implications for reading interventions and 21st century reading research in the era of "Big Data" and interest in phenotypic characterization are discussed.
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17
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Poletti M, Carretta E, Bonvicini L, Giorgi-Rossi P. Cognitive Clusters in Specific Learning Disorder. JOURNAL OF LEARNING DISABILITIES 2016; 51:32-42. [PMID: 27856603 DOI: 10.1177/0022219416678407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The heterogeneity among children with learning disabilities still represents a barrier and a challenge in their conceptualization. Although a dimensional approach has been gaining support, the categorical approach is still the most adopted, as in the recent fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. The introduction of the single overarching diagnostic category of specific learning disorder (SLD) could underemphasize interindividual clinical differences regarding intracategory cognitive functioning and learning proficiency, according to current models of multiple cognitive deficits at the basis of neurodevelopmental disorders. The characterization of specific cognitive profiles associated with an already manifest SLD could help identify possible early cognitive markers of SLD risk and distinct trajectories of atypical cognitive development leading to SLD. In this perspective, we applied a cluster analysis to identify groups of children with a Diagnostic and Statistical Manual-based diagnosis of SLD with similar cognitive profiles and to describe the association between clusters and SLD subtypes. A sample of 205 children with a diagnosis of SLD were enrolled. Cluster analyses (agglomerative hierarchical and nonhierarchical iterative clustering technique) were used successively on 10 core subtests of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Fourth Edition. The 4-cluster solution was adopted, and external validation found differences in terms of SLD subtype frequencies and learning proficiency among clusters. Clinical implications of these findings are discussed, tracing directions for further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Poletti
- 1 Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry Service, AUSL of Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Elisa Carretta
- 2 Inter-Institutional Epidemiological Unit, AUSL of Reggio Emilia, Italy
- 3 Arcispedale S. Maria Nuova, IRCCS, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Laura Bonvicini
- 2 Inter-Institutional Epidemiological Unit, AUSL of Reggio Emilia, Italy
- 3 Arcispedale S. Maria Nuova, IRCCS, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Paolo Giorgi-Rossi
- 2 Inter-Institutional Epidemiological Unit, AUSL of Reggio Emilia, Italy
- 3 Arcispedale S. Maria Nuova, IRCCS, Reggio Emilia, Italy
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18
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Tighe EL, Schatschneider C. Examining the Relationships of Component Reading Skills to Reading Comprehension in Struggling Adult Readers: A Meta-Analysis. JOURNAL OF LEARNING DISABILITIES 2016; 49:395-409. [PMID: 25350926 PMCID: PMC4532638 DOI: 10.1177/0022219414555415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The current study employed a meta-analytic approach to investigate the relative importance of component reading skills to reading comprehension in struggling adult readers. A total of 10 component skills were consistently identified across 16 independent studies and 2,707 participants. Random effects models generated 76 predictor-reading comprehension effect sizes among the 10 constructs. The results indicated that six of the component skills exhibited strong relationships with reading comprehension (average rs ≥ .50): morphological awareness, language comprehension, fluency, oral vocabulary knowledge, real word decoding, and working memory. Three of the component skills yielded moderate relationships with reading comprehension (average rs ≥ .30 and < .50): pseudoword decoding, orthographic knowledge, and phonological awareness. Rapid automatized naming (RAN) was the only component skill that was weakly related to reading comprehension (r = .15). Morphological awareness was a significantly stronger correlate of reading comprehension than phonological awareness and RAN. This study provides the first attempt at a systematic synthesis of the recent research investigating the reading skills of adults with low literacy skills, a historically understudied population. Directions for future research, the relation of our results to the children's literature, and the implications for researchers and adult basic education programs are discussed.
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Barnes MA, Stuebing K, Fletcher JM, Barth A, Francis D. Cognitive Difficulties in Struggling Comprehenders and their Relation to Reading Comprehension: A Comparison of Group Selection and Regression-Based Models. JOURNAL OF RESEARCH ON EDUCATIONAL EFFECTIVENESS 2016; 9:153-172. [PMID: 27175222 PMCID: PMC4861308 DOI: 10.1080/19345747.2015.1111482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Difficulties suppressing previously encountered, but currently irrelevant information from working memory characterize less skilled comprehenders in studies in which they are matched to skilled comprehenders on word decoding and nonverbal IQ. These "extreme" group designs are associated with several methodological issues. When sample size permits, regression approaches permit a more accurate estimation of effects. Using data for students in grades 6 to 12 (n = 766), regression techniques assessed the significance and size of the relation of suppression to reading comprehension across the distribution of comprehension skill. After accounting for decoding efficiency and nonverbal IQ, suppression, measured by performance on a verbal proactive interference task, accounted for a small amount of significant unique variance in comprehension (less than 1%). A comparison of suppression in less skilled comprehenders matched to more skilled comprehenders (48 per group) on age, word reading efficiency and nonverbal IQ did not show significant group differences in suppression. The implications of the findings for theories of reading comprehension and for informing comprehension assessment and intervention are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcia A. Barnes
- Department of Special Education & Meadow’s Center for Preventing Educational Risk, University of Texas, Austin, Texas
| | - Karla Stuebing
- Department of Psychology, University of Houston, Houston, Texas
| | | | - Amy Barth
- Department of Special Education, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - David Francis
- Department of Psychology, University of Houston, Houston, Texas
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Jiang J, Rickson D, Jiang C. The mechanism of music for reducing psychological stress: Music preference as a mediator. ARTS IN PSYCHOTHERAPY 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aip.2016.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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21
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Validation of the direct and inferential mediation (DIME) model of reading comprehension in grades 7 through 12. CONTEMPORARY EDUCATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cedpsych.2016.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Matsuki K, Kuperman V, Van Dyke JA. The Random Forests statistical technique: An examination of its value for the study of reading. SCIENTIFIC STUDIES OF READING : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR THE SCIENTIFIC STUDY OF READING 2016; 20:20-33. [PMID: 26770056 PMCID: PMC4710485 DOI: 10.1080/10888438.2015.1107073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Studies investigating individual differences in reading ability often involve data sets containing a large number of collinear predictors and a small number of observations. In this paper, we discuss the method of Random Forests and demonstrate its suitability for addressing the statistical concerns raised by such datasets. The method is contrasted with other methods of estimating relative variable importance, especially Dominance Analysis and Multimodel Inference. All methods were applied to a dataset that gauged eye-movements during reading and offline comprehension in the context of multiple ability measures with high collinearity due to their shared verbal core. We demonstrate that the Random Forests method surpasses other methods in its ability to handle model overfitting, and accounts for a comparable or larger amount of variance in reading measures relative to other methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazunaga Matsuki
- McMaster University, Department of Linguistics and Languages, Togo Salmon Hall, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario, L8S 4M2 Canada,
| | - Victor Kuperman
- McMaster University, Department of Linguistics and Languages, Togo Salmon Hall, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario, L8S 4M2 Canada
| | - Julie A Van Dyke
- Haskins Laboratories, 300 George Street, New Haven, 06511 United States,
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Foorman BR, Koon S, Petscher Y, Mitchell A, Truckenmiller A. Examining General and Specific Factors in the Dimensionality of Oral Language and Reading in 4th-10th Grades. JOURNAL OF EDUCATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY 2015; 107:884-899. [PMID: 26346839 PMCID: PMC4557887 DOI: 10.1037/edu0000026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to explore dimensions of oral language and reading and their influence on reading comprehension in a relatively understudied population-adolescent readers in 4th through 10th grades. The current study employed latent variable modeling of decoding fluency, vocabulary, syntax, and reading comprehension so as to represent these constructs with minimal error and to examine whether residual variance unaccounted for by oral language can be captured by specific factors of syntax and vocabulary. A 1-, 3-, 4-, and bifactor model were tested with 1,792 students in 18 schools in 2 large urban districts in the Southeast. Students were individually administered measures of expressive and receptive vocabulary, syntax, and decoding fluency in mid-year. At the end of the year students took the state reading test as well as a group-administered, norm-referenced test of reading comprehension. The bifactor model fit the data best in all 7 grades and explained 72% to 99% of the variance in reading comprehension. The specific factors of syntax and vocabulary explained significant unique variance in reading comprehension in 1 grade each. The decoding fluency factor was significantly correlated with the reading comprehension and oral language factors in all grades, but, in the presence of the oral language factor, was not significantly associated with the reading comprehension factor. Results support a bifactor model of lexical knowledge rather than the 3-factor model of the Simple View of Reading, with the vast amount of variance in reading comprehension explained by a general oral language factor.
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Tighe EL, Wagner RK, Schatschneider C. Applying a Multiple Group Causal Indicator Modeling Framework to the Reading Comprehension Skills of Third, Seventh, and Tenth Grade Students. READING AND WRITING 2015; 28:439-466. [PMID: 25821346 PMCID: PMC4371741 DOI: 10.1007/s11145-014-9532-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
This study demonstrates the utility of applying a causal indicator modeling framework to investigate important predictors of reading comprehension in third, seventh, and tenth grade students. The results indicated that a 4-factor multiple indicator multiple indicator cause (MIMIC) model of reading comprehension provided adequate fit at each grade level. This model included latent predictor constructs of decoding, verbal reasoning, nonverbal reasoning, and working memory and accounted for a large portion of the reading comprehension variance (73% to 87%) across grade levels. Verbal reasoning contributed the most unique variance to reading comprehension at all grade levels. In addition, we fit a multiple group 4-factor MIMIC model to investigate the relative stability (or variability) of the predictor contributions to reading comprehension across development (i.e., grade levels). The results revealed that the contributions of verbal reasoning, nonverbal reasoning, and working memory to reading comprehension were stable across the three grade levels. Decoding was the only predictor that could not be constrained to be equal across grade levels. The contribution of decoding skills to reading comprehension was higher in third grade and then remained relatively stable between seventh and tenth grade. These findings illustrate the feasibility of using MIMIC models to explain individual differences in reading comprehension across the development of reading skills.
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Tighe EL, Spencer M, Schatschneider C. Investigating Predictors of Listening Comprehension in Third-, Seventh-, and Tenth-Grade Students: A Dominance Analysis Approach. READING PSYCHOLOGY 2015; 36:700-740. [PMID: 26877573 DOI: 10.1080/02702711.2014.963270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
This study rank ordered the contributive importance of several predictors of listening comprehension for third, seventh, and tenth graders. Principal components analyses revealed that a three-factor solution with fluency, reasoning, and working memory components provided the best fit across grade levels. Dominance analyses indicated that fluency and reasoning were the strongest predictors of third grade listening comprehension. Reasoning emerged as the strongest predictor of seventh and tenth grade listening comprehension. These findings suggest a shift in the contributive importance of predictors to listening comprehension across development (i.e., grade levels). The implications of our findings for educators and researchers are discussed.
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Barnes MA. What Do Models of Reading Comprehension and Its Development Have to Contribute to a Science of Comprehension Instruction and Assessment for Adolescents? LITERACY STUDIES 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-14735-2_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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27
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Arrington CN, Kulesz PA, Francis DJ, Fletcher JM, Barnes MA. The Contribution of Attentional Control and Working Memory to Reading Comprehension and Decoding. SCIENTIFIC STUDIES OF READING : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR THE SCIENTIFIC STUDY OF READING 2014; 18:325-346. [PMID: 36733663 PMCID: PMC9891492 DOI: 10.1080/10888438.2014.902461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Little is known about how specific components of working memory, namely, attentional processes including response inhibition, sustained attention, and cognitive inhibition, are related to reading decoding and comprehension. The current study evaluated the relations of reading comprehension, decoding, working memory, and attentional control in 1,134 adolescent students. Path analyses were used to assess the direct and indirect effects of working memory and aspects of attentional control on reading comprehension and decoding. There were significant direct effects of working memory, sustained attention, and cognitive inhibition on reading comprehension, but not decoding. There was a significant direct effect of working memory and response inhibition on decoding, but not comprehension. These results suggest that different aspects of attentional control are important for decoding versus comprehension.
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