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Su X, Narayanan M, Shi X, Chen X, Li Z, Ma Y. Mitigating heavy metal accumulation in tobacco: Strategies, mechanisms, and global initiatives. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 926:172128. [PMID: 38565350 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
The threat of heavy metal (HM) pollution looms large over plant growth and human health, with tobacco emerging as a highly vulnerable plant due to its exceptional absorption capacity. The widespread cultivation of tobacco intensifies these concerns, posing increased risks to human health as HMs become more pervasive in tobacco-growing soils globally. The absorption of these metals not only impedes tobacco growth and quality but also amplifies health hazards through smoking. Implementing proactive strategies to minimize HM absorption in tobacco is of paramount importance. Various approaches, encompassing chemical immobilization, transgenic modification, agronomic adjustments, and microbial interventions, have proven effective in curbing HM accumulation and mitigating associated adverse effects. However, a comprehensive review elucidating these control strategies and their mechanisms remains notably absent. This paper seeks to fill this void by examining the deleterious effects of HM exposure on tobacco plants and human health through tobacco consumption. Additionally, it provides a thorough exploration of the mechanisms responsible for reducing HM content in tobacco. The review consolidates and synthesizes recent domestic and international initiatives aimed at mitigating HM content in tobacco, delivering a comprehensive overview of their current status, benefits, and limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyi Su
- College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Mathiyazhagan Narayanan
- Department of Research and Innovation, Saveetha School of Engineering (SSE), Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Chennai 602105, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Xiaojun Shi
- College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Xinping Chen
- College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Zhenlun Li
- College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Ying Ma
- College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China.
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Al-Obaidi JR, Jamaludin AA, Rahman NA, Ahmad-Kamil EI. How plants respond to heavy metal contamination: a narrative review of proteomic studies and phytoremediation applications. PLANTA 2024; 259:103. [PMID: 38551683 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-024-04378-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
MAIN CONCLUSION Heavy metal pollution caused by human activities is a serious threat to the environment and human health. Plants have evolved sophisticated defence systems to deal with heavy metal stress, with proteins and enzymes serving as critical intercepting agents for heavy metal toxicity reduction. Proteomics continues to be effective in identifying markers associated with stress response and metabolic processes. This review explores the complex interactions between heavy metal pollution and plant physiology, with an emphasis on proteomic and biotechnological perspectives. Over the last century, accelerated industrialization, agriculture activities, energy production, and urbanization have established a constant need for natural resources, resulting in environmental degradation. The widespread buildup of heavy metals in ecosystems as a result of human activity is especially concerning. Although some heavy metals are required by organisms in trace amounts, high concentrations pose serious risks to the ecosystem and human health. As immobile organisms, plants are directly exposed to heavy metal contamination, prompting the development of robust defence mechanisms. Proteomics has been used to understand how plants react to heavy metal stress. The development of proteomic techniques offers promising opportunities to improve plant tolerance to toxicity from heavy metals. Additionally, there is substantial scope for phytoremediation, a sustainable method that uses plants to extract, sequester, or eliminate contaminants in the context of changes in protein expression and total protein behaviour. Changes in proteins and enzymatic activities have been highlighted to illuminate the complex effects of heavy metal pollution on plant metabolism, and how proteomic research has revealed the plant's ability to mitigate heavy metal toxicity by intercepting vital nutrients, organic substances, and/or microorganisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jameel R Al-Obaidi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Mathematics, Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris, 35900, Tanjong Malim, Perak, Malaysia.
- Applied Science Research Center, Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan.
| | - Azi Azeyanty Jamaludin
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Mathematics, Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris, 35900, Tanjong Malim, Perak, Malaysia
- Center of Biodiversity and Conservation, Faculty of Science and Mathematics, Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris, 35900, Tanjong Malim, Perak, Malaysia
| | - Norafizah Abdul Rahman
- Gene Marker Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture and Life Sciences (AGLS), Science South Building, Lincoln University, Lincoln, 7608, Canterbury, New Zealand
| | - E I Ahmad-Kamil
- Malaysian Nature Society (MNS), JKR 641, Jalan Kelantan, Bukit Persekutuan, 50480, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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Raza A, Salehi H, Bashir S, Tabassum J, Jamla M, Charagh S, Barmukh R, Mir RA, Bhat BA, Javed MA, Guan DX, Mir RR, Siddique KHM, Varshney RK. Transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics interventions prompt crop improvement against metal(loid) toxicity. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2024; 43:80. [PMID: 38411713 PMCID: PMC10899315 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-024-03153-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
The escalating challenges posed by metal(loid) toxicity in agricultural ecosystems, exacerbated by rapid climate change and anthropogenic pressures, demand urgent attention. Soil contamination is a critical issue because it significantly impacts crop productivity. The widespread threat of metal(loid) toxicity can jeopardize global food security due to contaminated food supplies and pose environmental risks, contributing to soil and water pollution and thus impacting the whole ecosystem. In this context, plants have evolved complex mechanisms to combat metal(loid) stress. Amid the array of innovative approaches, omics, notably transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics, have emerged as transformative tools, shedding light on the genes, proteins, and key metabolites involved in metal(loid) stress responses and tolerance mechanisms. These identified candidates hold promise for developing high-yielding crops with desirable agronomic traits. Computational biology tools like bioinformatics, biological databases, and analytical pipelines support these omics approaches by harnessing diverse information and facilitating the mapping of genotype-to-phenotype relationships under stress conditions. This review explores: (1) the multifaceted strategies that plants use to adapt to metal(loid) toxicity in their environment; (2) the latest findings in metal(loid)-mediated transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics studies across various plant species; (3) the integration of omics data with artificial intelligence and high-throughput phenotyping; (4) the latest bioinformatics databases, tools and pipelines for single and/or multi-omics data integration; (5) the latest insights into stress adaptations and tolerance mechanisms for future outlooks; and (6) the capacity of omics advances for creating sustainable and resilient crop plants that can thrive in metal(loid)-contaminated environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Raza
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Epigenetics, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Hajar Salehi
- Department for Sustainable Food Process, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Via Emilia Parmense 84, 29122, Piacenza, Italy
| | - Shanza Bashir
- Institute of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Javaria Tabassum
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Monica Jamla
- Department of Biotechnology, Modern College of Arts, Science and Commerce, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhind, Pune, 411016, India
| | - Sidra Charagh
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Hangzhou, China
| | - Rutwik Barmukh
- WA State Agricultural Biotechnology Centre, Centre for Crop and Food Innovation, Food Futures Institute, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA, 6150, Australia
| | - Rakeeb Ahmad Mir
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Kashmir, Ganderbal, India
| | - Basharat Ahmad Bhat
- Department of Bio-Resources, Amar Singh College Campus, Cluster University Srinagar, Srinagar, JK, India
| | - Muhammad Arshad Javed
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Dong-Xing Guan
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Reyazul Rouf Mir
- Division of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology (SKUAST), Srinagar, Kashmir, India
| | - Kadambot H M Siddique
- The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia.
| | - Rajeev K Varshney
- WA State Agricultural Biotechnology Centre, Centre for Crop and Food Innovation, Food Futures Institute, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA, 6150, Australia.
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Li Y, Shi X, Xu J, Huang X, Feng J, Huang Y, Liu K, Yu F. Proteomics-based analysis on the stress response mechanism of Bidens pilosa L. under cadmium exposure. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 462:132761. [PMID: 37837780 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/16/2023]
Abstract
Bidens pilosa L. (B. pilosa) has great potential for the phytoremediation of cadmium (Cd)-contaminated soils. However, the molecular mechanism underlying Cd tolerance and detoxification in B. pilosa is still unclear. In the present study, a 4D label-free quantification technique combined with liquid chromatography-parallel reaction monitoring mass spectrometry was used to explore the stress response mechanism of B. pilosa. Proteomic analysis revealed 213 and 319 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) in the roots and leaves of B. pilosa, respectively, and 12 target proteins were selected for further analysis. SWISS-MODEL was used to predict the 3D structures of the target proteins. The cation-ATPase-N structural domain and an ATPase-E1-E2 motif, which help to regulate ATPase function, were detected in the TR10519_c0_g1_ORF protein. In addition, the TR6620_c0_g1_ORF_1 and TR611_c1_g1_ORF proteins contained peroxidase-1 and peroxidase-2 motifs. The TR11239_c0_g1_ORF protein was found to belong to the Fe-SOD family, to have a dimeric structure and to contain a relatively high proportion of α-helices but few β-sheets, which play important roles in reactive oxygen intermediate scavenging. Thus, the current study provides an overview of the proteomic response of B. pilosa in scavenging of Cd-induced reactive oxygen intermediates and reveals key proteins involved in the stress response of B. pilosa under Cd exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Li
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection (Guangxi Normal University), Ministry of Education, China; College of Environment and Resources, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Xinwei Shi
- College of Environment and Resources, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Jie Xu
- College of Life Science, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Xiaofang Huang
- College of Life Science, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Jingpei Feng
- College of Environment and Resources, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Yuanyuan Huang
- College of Environment and Resources, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Kehui Liu
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection (Guangxi Normal University), Ministry of Education, China; College of Life Science, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Fangming Yu
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection (Guangxi Normal University), Ministry of Education, China; College of Environment and Resources, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China.
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Yanting L, Bingkui W, Mengchao Z, Jing Y, Shenghai Y. Sensitivity of genotypically diverse rice varieties to radiation and the related changes to antioxidant enzyme activities. Int J Radiat Biol 2023; 100:453-465. [PMID: 38029339 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2023.2290293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Radiation mutagenesis, which typically involves gamma rays, is important for generating new rice germplasm resources. Determining the appropriate radiation dose range is critical for the success of radiation mutagenesis. Clarifying the sensitivity and tolerance of genotypically diverse rice varieties to gamma irradiation as well as the radiation-induced changes to reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and antioxidant enzyme activities is crucial for increasing the utility of radiation mutagenesis in rice breeding programs. MATERIALS AND METHODS The seeds of the following four rice varieties with different genotypes were used as test materials: indica Zhe 1613, glutinous indica Zhe 1708, japonica Zhejing 100, and glutinous japonica Zhenuo 65. Additionally,60Co was used as the source of gamma rays. The rice seeds were irradiated with 14 doses (0, 150, 200, 250, 300, 350, 400, 450, 500, 550, 600, 650, 700, and 750 Gy). Non-irradiated seeds were used as the control. The seedling survival rate for each variety was recorded at 3, 7, 14, and 28 days after sowing. Moreover, the median lethal dose (LD50) and critical dose (LD40) were calculated according to the seedling survival rates at 28 days after sowing. The seedling superoxide anion (O2•-), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and malondialdehyde (MDA) contents and the superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) activities were analyzed at 7 days after sowing. RESULTS As the radiation dose increased, the seedling survival rate decreased. The seedling survival rate also decreased significantly as the number of days after sowing increased. Among the rice genotypes, the rank-order of the radiation tolerance was as follows: indica Zhe 1613 > glutinous indica Zhe 1708 > japonica Zhejing 100 > glutinous japonica Zhenuo 65. The LD50 values were 426.7 Gy for Zhe 1613, 329.2 Gy for Zhe 1708, 318.3 Gy for Zhejing 100, and 316.6 Gy for Zhenuo 65. Increases in the radiation dose resulted in significant increases in the seedling O2•- and H2O2 contents, but only up to a certain point. Further increases in the radiation dose caused the seedling O2•- and H2O2 contents to decrease. The H2O2 content for each variety peaked when the radiation dose was very close to the LD50. We propose that the radiation dose associated with the highest H2O2 content (±50 Gy) should be used as the recommended dose for the gamma irradiation of rice. The radiation dose that resulted in peak seedling O2•- contents in the analyzed rice varieties was very close to the LD40. In all rice varieties, the MDA content increased as the radiation dose increased. The SOD, CAT, POD, and APX activities increased as the radiation dose increased within a certain range (less than 600 Gy for Zhe 1613 and 400 Gy for the other varieties), but there were slight differences among the rice varieties. CONCLUSIONS Genotypically diverse rice varieties vary regarding their sensitivity to gamma irradiation. Our findings suggest that ROS generation and antioxidant enzyme activities are important factors associated with the radiation mutagenesis of rice. The close relationship between the activities of key antioxidant enzymes, such as SOD, POD, APX, and CAT, and the LD50 and LD40 may be exploited to enhance radiation mutagenesis through the use of plant growth regulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Yanting
- Institute of Crop and Nuclear Technology Utilization, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wang Bingkui
- Institute of Crop and Nuclear Technology Utilization, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhang Mengchao
- Institute of Crop and Nuclear Technology Utilization, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ye Jing
- Institute of Crop and Nuclear Technology Utilization, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ye Shenghai
- Institute of Crop and Nuclear Technology Utilization, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
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Li Y, Shi X, Chen Y, Luo S, Qin Z, Chen S, Wu Y, Yu F. Quantitative proteomic analysis of the mechanism of Cd toxicity in Enterobacter sp. FM-1: Comparison of different growth stages. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 336:122513. [PMID: 37673320 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
Enterobacter sp. are widely used in bioremediation, but the mechanism of Cadmium (Cd) toxicity in Enterobacter sp. has been poorly studied. In the present study, we determined the tolerance of Enterobacter sp. FM-1 to Cd by analyzing the physiological and biochemical responses of FM-1 induced under Cd stress. Differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) under exposure to different Cd environments were analyzed by 4D-label-free proteomics to provide a comprehensive understanding of Cd toxicity in FM-1. The greatest total number of DEPs, 1148, was found in the High concentration vs. Control comparison group at 10 h. When protein expression was compared after different incubation times, FM-1 showed the highest Cd tolerance at 48 h. Additionally, with an increasing incubation time, different comparison groups gradually began to show similar growth patterns, which was reflected in the GO enrichment analysis. Notably, only 815 proteins were identified in the High concentration vs. Control group, and KEGG enrichment analysis revealed that these proteins were significantly enriched in the pyruvate metabolism, oxidative phosphorylation, peroxisome, glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism, and citrate cycle pathways. These results suggested that an increased incubation time allows FM-1 adapt and survive in an environment with Cd toxicity, and protein expression significantly increased in response to oxidative stress in a Cd-contaminated environment during the pre-growth period. This study provides new perspectives on bacterial participation in bioremediation and expands our understanding of the mechanism of bacterial resistance under Cd exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Li
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection (Guangxi Normal University), Ministry of Education, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Landscape Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization in Lijiang River Basin, Guangxi Normal University, 541004, Guilin, China; College of Environment and Resources, Guangxi Normal University, 541004, Guilin, China
| | - Xinwei Shi
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection (Guangxi Normal University), Ministry of Education, China; College of Environment and Resources, Guangxi Normal University, 541004, Guilin, China
| | - Yuyuan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection (Guangxi Normal University), Ministry of Education, China; College of Environment and Resources, Guangxi Normal University, 541004, Guilin, China
| | - Shiyu Luo
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection (Guangxi Normal University), Ministry of Education, China; College of Environment and Resources, Guangxi Normal University, 541004, Guilin, China
| | - Zhongkai Qin
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection (Guangxi Normal University), Ministry of Education, China; College of Environment and Resources, Guangxi Normal University, 541004, Guilin, China
| | - Shuairen Chen
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection (Guangxi Normal University), Ministry of Education, China; College of Environment and Resources, Guangxi Normal University, 541004, Guilin, China
| | - Yamei Wu
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection (Guangxi Normal University), Ministry of Education, China; College of Environment and Resources, Guangxi Normal University, 541004, Guilin, China
| | - Fangming Yu
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection (Guangxi Normal University), Ministry of Education, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Landscape Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization in Lijiang River Basin, Guangxi Normal University, 541004, Guilin, China; College of Environment and Resources, Guangxi Normal University, 541004, Guilin, China.
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Yang Z, Tan P, Huang Z, Sun Z, Liu Z, Liu L, Zeng C, Tong J, Yan M. Metabolic profiles in the xylem sap of Brassica juncea exposed to cadmium. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2023; 175:e13886. [PMID: 36862032 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic profiles in xylem sap are considered a fundamental mechanism for Cadmium (Cd) detoxification in plants. However, the metabolic mechanism of Brassica juncea xylem sap in response to Cd is still unclear. Here, we investigated the effects on the metabolomics of B. juncea xylem sap treated with Cd at different times by utilizing a nontargeted liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS)-based metabolomics method for further elucidating the response mechanism of Cd exposure. The findings indicated that 48 h and 7 days Cd exposure caused significant differences in metabolic profiles of the B. juncea xylem sap. Those differential metabolites are primarily involved in amino acids, organic acids, lipids, and carbohydrates, and most of them were downregulated, which played essential roles in response to Cd stress. Furthermore, B. juncea xylem sap resisted 48-h Cd exposure via regulation of glycerophospholipid metabolism, carbon metabolism, aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis, glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism, linoleic acid metabolism, C5-branched dibasic acid metabolism, alpha-linolenic acid metabolism, cyanoamino acid metabolism, ABC transporters, biosynthesis of amino acids, and pyrimidine metabolism; whereas alpha-linolenic acid metabolism, glycerophospholipid metabolism, photosynthesis, and oxidative phosphorylation were regulated for resisting 7-day Cd exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Yang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Forestry Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, China
- Hunan Provincial Base for Scientific and Technological Innovation Cooperation on Forest Resource Biotechnology, Changsha, China
| | - Piaopiao Tan
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Forestry Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, China
- Hunan Provincial Base for Scientific and Technological Innovation Cooperation on Forest Resource Biotechnology, Changsha, China
| | - Zhihao Huang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Forestry Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, China
- Hunan Provincial Base for Scientific and Technological Innovation Cooperation on Forest Resource Biotechnology, Changsha, China
| | - Zhenzhen Sun
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Forestry Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, China
- Hunan Provincial Base for Scientific and Technological Innovation Cooperation on Forest Resource Biotechnology, Changsha, China
| | - Zhixiang Liu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Forestry Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, China
- Hunan Provincial Base for Scientific and Technological Innovation Cooperation on Forest Resource Biotechnology, Changsha, China
| | - Lili Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Hunan Key Laboratory of Economic Crops Genetic Improvement and Integrated Utilization, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, China
| | - Chaozhen Zeng
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Forestry Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, China
- Hunan Provincial Base for Scientific and Technological Innovation Cooperation on Forest Resource Biotechnology, Changsha, China
| | - Jianhua Tong
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Phytohormones and Growth Development, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Mingli Yan
- Crop Research Institute, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, China
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