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Fasogbon IV, Ondari EN, Deusdedit T, Rangasamy L, Krishnan S, Aja PM. Point-of-care potentials of lateral flow-based field screening for Mycoplasma bovis infections: a literature review. Biol Methods Protoc 2024; 9:bpae034. [PMID: 38835856 PMCID: PMC11147795 DOI: 10.1093/biomethods/bpae034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Point-of-care (POC) field screening for tools for Mycoplasma bovis (M. bovis) is still lacking due to the requirement for a simple, robust field-applicable test that does not entail specialized laboratory equipment. In accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis (PRISMA) guidelines, this review identifies the methodologies that were retrieved based on our search strategy that have been reported for the diagnosis of m. bovis infection between 2014 and diagnostics. A search criterion was generated to curate 103 articles, which were reduced in number (to 46), following the screening guidelines of PRISMA. The 43 articles included in the study present 25 different assay methods. The assay methods were grouped as microbiological culture, serological assay, PCR-based assay, LAMP-based assay, NGS-based assay, or lateral flow assay. We, however, focus our discussion on the three lateral flow-based assays relative to others, highlighting the advantages they present above the other techniques and their potential applicability as a POC diagnostic test for M. bovis infections. We therefore call for further research on developing a lateral flow-based screening tool that could revolutionize the diagnosis of M. bovis infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilemobayo V Fasogbon
- Department of Biochemistry, Kampala International University-Western Campus, Bushenyi 41201, Uganda
- Centre for Biomaterials, Cellular and Molecular Theranostics (CBCMT), Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, India
| | - Erick N Ondari
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Pure & Applied Sciences, Kisii University, Kisii 40200, Kenya
| | - Tusubira Deusdedit
- Department of Biochemistry, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Mbarara 40301, Uganda
| | - Loganathan Rangasamy
- Centre for Biomaterials, Cellular and Molecular Theranostics (CBCMT), Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, India
| | - Sasirekha Krishnan
- Centre for Biomaterials, Cellular and Molecular Theranostics (CBCMT), Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, India
| | - Patrick M Aja
- Department of Biochemistry, Kampala International University-Western Campus, Bushenyi 41201, Uganda
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Gelgie AE, Desai SE, Gelalcha BD, Kerro Dego O. Mycoplasma bovis mastitis in dairy cattle. Front Vet Sci 2024; 11:1322267. [PMID: 38515536 PMCID: PMC10956102 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2024.1322267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Mycoplasma bovis has recently been identified increasingly in dairy cows causing huge economic losses to the dairy industry. M. bovis is a causative agent for mastitis, pneumonia, endometritis, endocarditis, arthritis, otitis media, and many other clinical symptoms in cattle. However, some infected cows are asymptomatic or may not shed the pathogen for weeks to years. This characteristic of M. bovis, along with the lack of adequate testing and identification methods in many parts of the world until recently, has allowed the M. bovis to be largely undetected despite its increased prevalence in dairy farms. Due to growing levels of antimicrobial resistance among wild-type M. bovis isolates and lack of cell walls in mycoplasmas that enable them to be intrinsically resistant to beta-lactam antibiotics that are widely used in dairy farms, there is no effective treatment for M. bovis mastitis. Similarly, there is no commercially available effective vaccine for M. bovis mastitis. The major constraint to developing effective intervention tools is limited knowledge of the virulence factors and mechanisms of the pathogenesis of M. bovis mastitis. There is lack of quick and reliable diagnostic methods with high specificity and sensitivity for M. bovis. This review is a summary of the current state of knowledge of the virulence factors, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and control of M. bovis mastitis in dairy cows.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aga E. Gelgie
- Department of Animal Science, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, United States
| | - Sarah E. Desai
- College of Veterinary Medicine, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, United States
| | - Benti D. Gelalcha
- Department of Animal Science, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, United States
| | - Oudessa Kerro Dego
- Department of Animal Science, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, United States
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Okella H, Tonooka K, Okello E. A Systematic Review of the Recent Techniques Commonly Used in the Diagnosis of Mycoplasma bovis in Dairy Cattle. Pathogens 2023; 12:1178. [PMID: 37764986 PMCID: PMC10535753 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12091178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Early detection of Mycoplasmal mastitis is greatly hampered by late seroconversion, slow growth of Mycoplasma organisms, intermittent shedding, and the high cost of diagnostic tests. To improve future diagnostic development, examining the available techniques is necessary. Accordingly, the present study systematically reviewed M. bovis diagnostic studies published between January 2000 and April 2023 utilizing the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) protocol. The protocol registration was performed according to the Open Science Framework (osf.io/ug79h), and the electronic search was conducted in the World Catalog, Mendeley, ProQuest, ScienceDirect, Semantic Scholar, PubMed, Google Scholar, Prime Scholar, and PubMed Central databases using a Boolean operator and inclusion and exclusion criteria. Of the 1194 pieces of literature retrieved, 67 studies were included. Four broad categories of up to 16 diagnostic approaches were reported: microbial culture, serological, DNA-based, and mass spectrometry. Overall, DNA-based techniques were the most published (48.0%), with recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) and loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) as the most promising user-friendly, equipment-free techniques. On the other hand, mass spectrometry was reported as the least utilized (2.9%) given the high equipment cost. Though costly and laboratory-allied, DNA-based techniques, particularly PCRs, were reported as the most rapid and specific approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hedmon Okella
- Veterinary Medicine Teaching and Research Center, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis, Tulare, CA 93274, USA
| | - Karen Tonooka
- Veterinary Medicine Teaching and Research Center, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis, Tulare, CA 93274, USA
| | - Emmanuel Okello
- Veterinary Medicine Teaching and Research Center, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis, Tulare, CA 93274, USA
- Department of Population Health and Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
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Chauhan K, Aly SS, Lehenbauer TW, Tonooka KH, Glenn K, Rossitto P, Marco ML. Development of a multiplex qPCR assay for the simultaneous detection of Mycoplasma bovis, Mycoplasma species, and Acholeplasma laidlawii in milk. PeerJ 2021; 9:e11881. [PMID: 34447623 PMCID: PMC8364749 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.11881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Contagious bovine mastitis caused by Mycoplasma bovis and other Mycoplasma species including Mycoplasma californicum, Mycoplasma bovigenitalium, Mycoplasma alkalescens, Mycoplasma arginini, and Mycoplasma canadense is an economical obstacle affecting many dairy herds throughout California and elsewhere. Routine bacteriological culture-based assays for the pathogens are slow and subject to false-positive results due to the presence of the related, non-pathogenic species Acholeplasma laidlawii. To address the need for rapid and accurate detection methods, a new TaqMan multiplex, quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) assay was developed that targets the 16S rRNA gene of Mycoplasma, rpoB gene of M. bovis, and the 16S to 23S rRNA intergenic transcribed spacer (ITS) region of A. laidlawii. qPCR amplification efficiency and range of detection were similar for individual assays in multiplex as when performed separately. The multiplex assay was able to distinguish between M. bovis and A. laidlawii as well as detect Mycoplasma spp. collectively, including Mycoplasma californicum, Mycoplasma bovigenitalium, Mycoplasma canadense, Mycoplasma arginini and Mycoplasma alkalescens. In milk, the lower limit of detection of M. bovis, M. californicum, and A. laidlawii with the multiplex assay was between 120 to 250 colony forming units (CFU) per mL. The assay was also able to simultaneously detect both M. bovis and A. laidlawii in milk when present in moderate (103 to 104 CFU/mL) to high (106 to 107 CFU/mL) quantities. Compared to laboratory culture-based methods, the multiplex qPCR diagnostic specificity (Sp) was 100% (95% CI [86.8-100]; n = 26) and diagnostic sensitivity (Se) was 92.3% (95% CI [74.9-99.1]; n = 26) for Mycoplasma species in milk samples collected from California dairy farms. Similarly, the Sp was 100% (95% CI [90.5-100]; n = 37) and Se was 93.3% (95% CI [68.1-99.8]; n = 15) for M. bovis. Our assay can detect and distinguish among M. bovis, other prevalent Mycoplasma spp., and non-pathogenic Acholeplasma laidlawii for effective identification and control of mycoplasma mastitis, ultimately supporting dairy cattle health and high-quality dairy products in California.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanika Chauhan
- Veterinary Medicine Teaching & Research Center, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, Tulare, CA, United States
- Department of Population Health and Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Sharif S. Aly
- Veterinary Medicine Teaching & Research Center, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, Tulare, CA, United States
- Department of Population Health and Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Terry W. Lehenbauer
- Veterinary Medicine Teaching & Research Center, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, Tulare, CA, United States
- Department of Population Health and Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Karen H. Tonooka
- Veterinary Medicine Teaching & Research Center, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, Tulare, CA, United States
| | - Kathy Glenn
- Veterinary Medicine Teaching & Research Center, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, Tulare, CA, United States
| | - Paul Rossitto
- Veterinary Medicine Teaching & Research Center, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, Tulare, CA, United States
| | - Maria L. Marco
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
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Sharun K, Dhama K, Tiwari R, Gugjoo MB, Iqbal Yatoo M, Patel SK, Pathak M, Karthik K, Khurana SK, Singh R, Puvvala B, Amarpal, Singh R, Singh KP, Chaicumpa W. Advances in therapeutic and managemental approaches of bovine mastitis: a comprehensive review. Vet Q 2021; 41:107-136. [PMID: 33509059 PMCID: PMC7906113 DOI: 10.1080/01652176.2021.1882713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Mastitis (intramammary inflammation) caused by infectious pathogens is still considered a devastating condition of dairy animals affecting animal welfare as well as economically incurring huge losses to the dairy industry by means of decreased production performance and increased culling rates. Bovine mastitis is the inflammation of the mammary glands/udder of bovines, caused by bacterial pathogens, in most cases. Routine diagnosis is based on clinical and subclinical forms of the disease. This underlines the significance of early and rapid identification/detection of etiological agents at the farm level, for which several diagnostic techniques have been developed. Therapeutic regimens such as antibiotics, immunotherapy, bacteriocins, bacteriophages, antimicrobial peptides, probiotics, stem cell therapy, native secretory factors, nutritional, dry cow and lactation therapy, genetic selection, herbs, and nanoparticle technology-based therapy have been evaluated for their efficacy in the treatment of mastitis. Even though several strategies have been developed over the years for the purpose of managing both clinical and subclinical forms of mastitis, all of them lacked the efficacy to eliminate the associated etiological agent when used as a monotherapy. Further, research has to be directed towards the development of new therapeutic agents/techniques that can both replace conventional techniques and also solve the problem of emerging antibiotic resistance. The objective of the present review is to describe the etiological agents, pathogenesis, and diagnosis in brief along with an extensive discussion on the advances in the treatment and management of mastitis, which would help safeguard the health of dairy animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khan Sharun
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Kuldeep Dhama
- Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ruchi Tiwari
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Immunology, College of Veterinary Sciences, Deen Dayal Upadhayay Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwavidyalay Evum Go-Anusandhan Sansthan (DUVASU), Mathura, India
| | - Mudasir Bashir Gugjoo
- Division of Veterinary Clinical Complex, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences & Animal Husbandry, Sher-E-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Shalimar, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Mohd Iqbal Yatoo
- Sher-E-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Shalimar, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Shailesh Kumar Patel
- Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Mamta Pathak
- Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Kumaragurubaran Karthik
- Central University Laboratory, Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Rahul Singh
- Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Bhavani Puvvala
- Rajiv Gandhi Institute of Veterinary Education and Research, Kurumbapet, Puducherry, India
| | - Amarpal
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Rajendra Singh
- Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Karam Pal Singh
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Wanpen Chaicumpa
- Center of Research Excellence on Therapeutic Proteins and Antibody Engineering, Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Dudek K, Nicholas RAJ, Szacawa E, Bednarek D. Mycoplasma bovis Infections-Occurrence, Diagnosis and Control. Pathogens 2020; 9:E640. [PMID: 32781697 PMCID: PMC7459460 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens9080640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Mycoplasma bovis is a cause of bronchopneumonia, mastitis and arthritis but may also affect other main organs in cattle such us the eye, ear or brain. Despite its non-zoonotic character, M. bovis infections are responsible for substantial economic health and welfare problems worldwide. M. bovis has spread worldwide, including to countries for a long time considered free of the pathogen. Control of M. bovis infections is hampered by a lack of effective vaccines and treatments due to increasing trends in antimicrobial resistance. This review summarizes the latest data on the epizootic situation of M. bovis infections and new sources/routes of transmission of the infection, and discusses the progress in diagnostics. The review includes various recommendations and suggestions which could be applied to infection control programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Dudek
- Department of Cattle and Sheep Diseases, National Veterinary Research Institute, 57 Partyzantów Avenue, 24100 Pulawy, Poland; (E.S.); (D.B.)
| | | | - Ewelina Szacawa
- Department of Cattle and Sheep Diseases, National Veterinary Research Institute, 57 Partyzantów Avenue, 24100 Pulawy, Poland; (E.S.); (D.B.)
| | - Dariusz Bednarek
- Department of Cattle and Sheep Diseases, National Veterinary Research Institute, 57 Partyzantów Avenue, 24100 Pulawy, Poland; (E.S.); (D.B.)
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Matuozzo M, Spagnuolo MS, Hussein HA, Gomaa AM, Scaloni A, D’Ambrosio C. Novel Biomarkers of Mastitis in Goat Milk Revealed by MALDI-TOF-MS-Based Peptide Profiling. BIOLOGY 2020; 9:E193. [PMID: 32731427 PMCID: PMC7464427 DOI: 10.3390/biology9080193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Mastitis is the most common infection of dairy goats impairing milk production and quality, which is usually recognized by mammary gland visual inspection and palpation. Subclinical forms of the disease are also widely represented, which lack the typical signs of the clinical ones but are still associated with reduced production and safety for human consumption of milk, generally presenting a high bacterial count. In order to obtain novel analytical tools for rapid and non-invasive diagnosis of mastitis in goats, we analyzed milk samples from healthy, subclinical and clinical mastitic animals with a MALDI-TOF-MS-based peptidomic platform, generating disease group-specific spectral profiles whose signal intensity and mass values were analyzed by statistics. Peculiar spectral signatures of mastitis with respect to the control were identified, while no significant spectral differences were observed between clinical and subclinical milk samples. Discriminant signals were assigned to specific peptides through nanoLC-ESI-Q-Orbitrap-MS/MS experiments. Some of these molecules were predicted to have an antimicrobial activity based on their strong similarity with homolog bioactive compounds from other mammals. Through the definition of a panel of peptide biomarkers, this study provides a very rapid and low-cost method to routinely detect mastitic milk samples even though no evident clinical signs in the mammary gland are observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Matuozzo
- Institute for the Animal Production System in the Mediterranean Environment (ISPAAM), National Research Council (CNR), 80147 Naples, Italy; (M.M.); (M.S.S.); (A.S.)
| | - Maria Stefania Spagnuolo
- Institute for the Animal Production System in the Mediterranean Environment (ISPAAM), National Research Council (CNR), 80147 Naples, Italy; (M.M.); (M.S.S.); (A.S.)
| | - Hany A. Hussein
- Department of Animal Reproduction and Artificial Insemination, National Research Centre, Giza 12622, Egypt;
- Department of Veterinary Research, Guangdong Haid Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary (GHIAHV), Guangzhou 511400, China
| | - A. M. Gomaa
- Animal Reproduction Research Institute (ARRI), Agriculture Research Center, Ministry of Agriculture, Giza 12556, Egypt;
| | - Andrea Scaloni
- Institute for the Animal Production System in the Mediterranean Environment (ISPAAM), National Research Council (CNR), 80147 Naples, Italy; (M.M.); (M.S.S.); (A.S.)
| | - Chiara D’Ambrosio
- Institute for the Animal Production System in the Mediterranean Environment (ISPAAM), National Research Council (CNR), 80147 Naples, Italy; (M.M.); (M.S.S.); (A.S.)
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Chakraborty S, Dhama K, Tiwari R, Iqbal Yatoo M, Khurana SK, Khandia R, Munjal A, Munuswamy P, Kumar MA, Singh M, Singh R, Gupta VK, Chaicumpa W. Technological interventions and advances in the diagnosis of intramammary infections in animals with emphasis on bovine population-a review. Vet Q 2020; 39:76-94. [PMID: 31288621 PMCID: PMC6830988 DOI: 10.1080/01652176.2019.1642546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Mastitis, an inflammation of the udder, is a challenging problem in dairy animals accounting for high economic losses. Disease complexity, degree of economic losses and increasing importance of the dairy industries along with public health concerns envisages devising appropriate diagnostics of mastitis, which can offer rapid, accurate and confirmatory diagnosis. The various diagnostic tests of mastitis have been divided into general or phenotypic and specific or genotypic tests. General or phenotypic tests are those that identify general alterations, which are not specific to any pathogen. Genotypic tests are specific, hence confirmatory for diagnosis of mastitis and include specific culture, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and its various versions (e.g. qRT-PCR), loop-mediated isothermal amplification, lateral flow assays, nucleotide sequencing, matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry, and other molecular diagnostic methods. However, for highly specific and confirmatory diagnosis, pure cultures still provide raw materials for more sophisticated diagnostic technological interventions like PCR and nucleotide sequencing. Diagnostic ability of like infra-red thermography (IRT) has been shown to be similar to California mastitis test and also differentiates clinical mastitis from subclinical mastitis cases. As such, IRT can become a convenient and portable diagnostic tool. Of note, magnetic nanoparticles-based colorimetric biosensor assay was developed by using for instance proteolytic activity of plasmin or anti-S. aureus antibody. Last but not least, microRNAs have been suggested to be potential biomarkers for diagnosing bovine mastitis. This review summarizes the various diagnostic tests available for detection of mastitis including diagnosis through general and specific technological interventions and advances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandip Chakraborty
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, College of Veterinary Sciences & Animal Husbandry , West Tripura , India
| | - Kuldeep Dhama
- Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute , Bareilly , India
| | - Ruchi Tiwari
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Immunology, College of Veterinary Sciences, Deen Dayal Upadhayay Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwavidyalay Evum Go-Anusandhan Sansthan (DUVASU) , Mathura , India
| | - Mohd Iqbal Yatoo
- Sher-E-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir , Srinagar , India
| | | | - Rekha Khandia
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, Barkatullah University , Bhopal , India
| | - Ashok Munjal
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, Barkatullah University , Bhopal , India
| | - Palanivelu Munuswamy
- Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute , Bareilly , India
| | - M Asok Kumar
- Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute , Bareilly , India
| | - Mithilesh Singh
- Immunology Section, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute , Bareilly , India
| | - Rajendra Singh
- Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute , Bareilly , India
| | - Vivek Kumar Gupta
- Centre for Animal Disease Research and Diagnosis, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute , Bareilly , India
| | - Wanpen Chaicumpa
- Center of Research Excellence on Therapeutic Proteins and Antibody Engineering, Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University , Bangkok , Thailand
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Lin Y, Jiang J, Zhang J, You W, Hu Q. Development of a TaqMan real-time PCR for detection of the Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. capri. Small Rumin Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2019.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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10
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Lin Y, Jiang J, Zhang J, You W, Hu Q. Development of a TaqMan real-time PCR for detection of the Mycoplasma mycoidessubsp. capri. Small Rumin Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2019.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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11
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Wisselink HJ, Smid B, Plater J, Ridley A, Andersson AM, Aspán A, Pohjanvirta T, Vähänikkilä N, Larsen H, Høgberg J, Colin A, Tardy F. A European interlaboratory trial to evaluate the performance of different PCR methods for Mycoplasma bovis diagnosis. BMC Vet Res 2019; 15:86. [PMID: 30866933 PMCID: PMC6417145 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-019-1819-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2018] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several species-specific PCR assays, based on a variety of target genes are currently used in the diagnosis of Mycoplasma bovis infections in cattle herds with respiratory diseases and/or mastitis. With this diversity of methods, and the development of new methods and formats, regular performance comparisons are required to ascertain diagnostic quality. The present study compares PCR methods that are currently used in six national veterinary institutes across Europe. Three different sample panels were compiled and analysed to assess the analytical specificity, analytical sensitivity and comparability of the different PCR methods. The results were also compared, when appropriate, to those obtained through isolation by culture. The sensitivity and comparability panels were composed of samples from bronchoalveolar fluids of veal calves, artificially contaminated or naturally infected, and hence the comparison of the different methods included the whole workflow from DNA extraction to PCR analysis. RESULTS The participating laboratories used i) five different DNA extraction methods, ii) seven different real-time and/or end-point PCRs targeting four different genes and iii) six different real-time PCR platforms. Only one commercial kit was assessed; all other PCR assays were in-house tests adapted from published methods. The analytical specificity of the different PCR methods was comparable except for one laboratory where Mycoplasma agalactiae was tested positive. Frequently, weak-positive results with Ct values between 37 and 40 were obtained for non-target Mycoplasma strains. The limit of detection (LOD) varied from 10 to 103 CFU/ml to 103 and 106 CFU/ml for the real-time and end-point assays, respectively. Cultures were also shown to detect concentrations down to 102 CFU/ml. Although Ct values showed considerable variation with naturally infected samples, both between laboratories and tests, the final result interpretation of the samples (positive versus negative) was essentially the same between the different laboratories. CONCLUSION With a few exceptions, all methods used routinely in the participating laboratories showed comparable performance, which assures the quality of diagnosis, despite the multiplicity of the methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henk J Wisselink
- Wageningen Bioveterinary Research, P.O. Box 65, 8200 AB, Lelystad, The Netherlands.
| | - Bregtje Smid
- Wageningen Bioveterinary Research, P.O. Box 65, 8200 AB, Lelystad, The Netherlands
| | - Jane Plater
- Animal and Plant Health Agency (APHA), Surrey, UK
| | - Anne Ridley
- Animal and Plant Health Agency (APHA), Surrey, UK
| | | | - Anna Aspán
- National Veterinary Institute (SVA), Uppsala, Sweden
| | | | | | - Helene Larsen
- National Veterinary Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Jonas Høgberg
- National Veterinary Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Adélie Colin
- Anses, Lyon Laboratory, JRU Ruminants Mycoplasmoses, Anses, VetAgro Sup, University of Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Florence Tardy
- Anses, Lyon Laboratory, JRU Ruminants Mycoplasmoses, Anses, VetAgro Sup, University of Lyon, Lyon, France
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12
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Appelt S, Aly SS, Tonooka K, Glenn K, Xue Z, Lehenbauer TW, Marco ML. Development and comparison of loop-mediated isothermal amplification and quantitative polymerase chain reaction assays for the detection of Mycoplasma bovis in milk. J Dairy Sci 2019; 102:1985-1996. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2018-15306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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