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Liu JX, Wang ZY, Niu SX, Sai XY, Zhang X, Zhang XP, Ma X. Transrectal versus transperineal prostate biopsy for cancer detection in patients with gray-zone prostate-specific antigen: a multicenter, real-world study. Asian J Androl 2024; 26:377-381. [PMID: 38624201 PMCID: PMC11280212 DOI: 10.4103/aja20241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Knowledge about the effect of different prostate biopsy approaches on the prostate cancer detection rate (CDR) in patients with gray-zone prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is limited. We performed this study to compare the CDR among patients who underwent different biopsy approaches and had rising PSA levels in the gray zone. Two hundred and twenty-two patients who underwent transrectal prostate biopsy (TRB) and 216 patients who underwent transperineal prostate biopsy (TPB) between June 2016 and September 2022 were reviewed in this study. In addition, 110 patients who received additional targeted biopsies following the systematic TPB were identified. Clinical parameters, including age, PSA derivative, prostate volume (PV), and needle core count, were recorded. The data were fitted via propensity score matching (PSM), adjusting for potential confounders. TPB outperformed TRB in terms of the CDR (49.6% vs 28.3%, P = 0.001). The clinically significant prostate cancer (csPCa) detection rate was not significantly different between TPB and TRB (78.6% vs 68.8%, P = 0.306). In stratified analysis, TPB outperformed TRB in CDR when the age of patients was 65-75 years (59.0% vs 22.0%, P < 0.001), when PV was 25.00-50.00 ml (63.2% vs 28.3%, P < 0.001), and when needle core count was no more than 12 (58.5% vs 31.5%, P = 0.005). The CDR ( P = 0.712) and detection rate of csPCa ( P = 0.993) did not significantly differ among the systematic, targeted, and combined biopsies. TPB outperformed TRB in CDR for patients with gray-zone PSA. Moreover, performing target biopsy after systematic TPB provided no additional benefits in CDR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Xiao Liu
- The Graduate School, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
- Department of Urology, The Third Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Ze-Yuan Wang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Shao-Xi Niu
- Department of Urology, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Xiao-Yong Sai
- Faculty of Epidemiology and Statistics, The Graduate School, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- Department of Urology, The Third Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Xue-Pei Zhang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Xin Ma
- Department of Urology, The Third Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
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2
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Wang H, Wei X, Zhang D, Li W, Hu Y. Lncap-AI prostate cancer cell line establishment by Flutamide and androgen-free environment to promote cell adherent. BMC Mol Cell Biol 2022; 23:51. [DOI: 10.1186/s12860-022-00453-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
To establish castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) - Lncap androgen-independent (AI) cell line from Lncap androgen-dependent (AD) cell line, and explore the different molecular biological between these two cell lines.
Methods
The Lncap-AD cell line was cultured and passaged 60 times over 16 months. The morphology of the Lncap-AI cell line was observed. AR levels identification were detected in qRT-PCR and Western Blot assay. CCK-8, EdU assay, wound healing assay and cell adhesion assays were used to observe the ability of proliferation, migration, and adhesion. SEM and TEM were used to observe microculture structure. At last, the PSA secrete ability was evaluated by Elisa assay.
Results
The Lncap-AD cell line was cultured and passaged 60 times over 16 months. The Lncap-AI cell line showed a morphologic change at the end stage of culture, the cells turned slender and cell space turned separated compared to the Lncap-AD cell line. The relative levels of AR-related genes in the Lncap-AI cell line were up-regulation compared to the Lncap-AD cell line both in mRNA and protein levels. The expression of AR and HK2 proteins were influenced and down-regulation by Enzalutamide in the Lncap-AD cell line, but no obvious difference in Lncap-AI cell lines. Lncap-AI cell line showed strong viability of proliferation, migration, and adhesion by CCK-8, EdU assay, wound healing assay, and adhesion assay. The microstructure of Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) showed many synapses in the Lncap-AI cell line and PC3 cell line, but not in the Lncap-AD cell line. At last, the PSA secrete ability was evaluated by Elisa assay, and PCa cell lines showed no significant difference.
Conclusion
Simulation of CRPC progression, Lncap-AD cell line turned to Lncap-AI cell line with androgen deprivation therapy.
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Zhu H, Ding XF, Lu SM, Ding N, Pi SY, Liu Z, Xiao Q, Zhu LY, Luan Y, Han YX, Chen HP, Liu Z. The Application of Biopsy Density in Transperineal Templated-Guided Biopsy Patients With PI-RADS<3. Front Oncol 2022; 12:918300. [PMID: 35756615 PMCID: PMC9214307 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.918300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In patients with multiparameter magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) low-possibility but highly clinical suspicion of prostate cancer, the biopsy core is unclear. Our study aims to introduce the biopsy density (BD; the ratio of biopsy cores to prostate volume) and investigates the BD-predictive value of prostate cancer and clinically significant prostate cancer (csPCa) in PI-RADS<3 patients. Methods Patients underwent transperineal template–guided prostate biopsy from 2012 to 2022. The inclusion criteria were PI-RADS<3 with a positive digital rectal examination or persistent PSA abnormalities. BD was defined as the ratio of the biopsy core to the prostate volume. Clinical data were collected, and we grouped the patients according to pathology results. Kruskal–Wallis test and chi-square test were used in measurement and enumeration data, respectively. Logistics regression was used to choose the factor associated with positive biospy and csPCa. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate the ability to predict csPCa. Results A total of 115 patients were included in our study. Biopsy was positive in 14 of 115 and the International Society of Urological Pathology grade groups 2–5 were in 7 of all the PCa patients. The BD was 0.38 (0.24-0.63) needles per milliliter. Binary logistics analysis suggested that PSAD and BD were correlated with positive biopsy. Meanwhile, BD and PSAD were associated with csPCa. The ROC curve illustrated that BD was a good parameter to predict csPCa (AUC=0.80, 95% CI: 0.69-0.91, p<0.05). The biopsy density combined with PSAD increased the prediction of csPCa (AUC=0.90, 95% CI: 0.85-0.97, p<0.05). The cut-off value of the BD was 0.42 according to the Youden index. Conclusion In PI-RADS<3 patients, BD and PSAD are related to csPCa. A biopsy density of more than 0.42 needles per millimeter can increase the csPCa detection rate, which should be considered as an alternative biopsy method when we perform prostate biopsy in patients with PI-RADS<3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai Zhu
- Department of Urology, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Yangzhou, China.,Graduate School, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Xue-Fei Ding
- Department of Urology, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Yangzhou, China.,Biobank, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Yangzhou, China
| | - Sheng-Ming Lu
- Department of Urology, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Yangzhou, China
| | - Ning Ding
- Operating Department, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Yangzhou, China
| | - Shi-Yi Pi
- Graduate School, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Zhen Liu
- Department of Urology, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Yangzhou, China
| | - Qin Xiao
- Pathology Department, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Yangzhou, China
| | - Liang-Yong Zhu
- Department of Urology, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yang Luan
- Department of Urology, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yue-Xing Han
- Graduate School, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Hao-Peng Chen
- Graduate School, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Zhong Liu
- Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
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Sellers J, Wagstaff R, Helo N, de Riese WTW. Association Between Prostate Size and MRI Determined Quantitative Prostate Zonal Measurements. Res Rep Urol 2022; 14:265-274. [PMID: 35795724 PMCID: PMC9252583 DOI: 10.2147/rru.s362070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and prostate cancer (PCa) are the two most prevalent and common urologic diseases impacting elderly men. The current literature has well documented an inverse relationship between prostate/BPH-size and incidence of PCa, but the exact interaction between these two disease entities is not well understood. The purpose of this study is to analyze prostatic zonal measurements with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in order to investigate the dynamic changes of the transition zone (TZ) and peripheral zone (PZ) in response to prostate/BPH growth. Methods Multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) scans of 430 consecutive male patients aged 18–89 years were obtained to measure the different zonal areas of the prostate. The data were statistically analyzed to identify specific associations between the different measurement parameters and total prostate volume (TPV). Results The Mann–Whitney U-test showed a significant decline of the average peripheral zone thickness (PZT) (z = −4.5665, p < 0.0001) in larger prostates when compared to smaller prostates. The Spearman correlation between TPV and PZT demonstrated a significant negative correlation (−0.20, p < 0.0001). Conclusion The data revealed that PZT was significantly smaller in the subgroup of patients with higher TPV. This supports the hypothesis of PZ compression and thinning caused by the growing and expanding TZ in BPH prostates. This dynamic growth-related process in the different prostatic zones may explain the protective effect of BPH against PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jake Sellers
- Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center - School of Medicine, Department of Urology, Lubbock, TX, 79430-7260, USA
| | - Rachel Wagstaff
- Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center - School of Medicine, Department of Urology, Lubbock, TX, 79430-7260, USA
| | - Naseem Helo
- University Medical Center - Department of Radiology, Lubbock, TX, 79415, USA
| | - Werner T W de Riese
- Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center - School of Medicine, Department of Urology, Lubbock, TX, 79430-7260, USA
- Correspondence: Werner TW de Riese, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center – Department of Urology, 3601 4 Street, Lubbock, TX, 79430-7260, USA, Tel +1 806-743-3862, Fax +1 806-743-3030, Email
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Shan J, Geng X, Liu Z, Lu Y, Zhou R, Zhang Z, Xu H, Zhou X, Ma W, Zhu H, Shi H. Clinical research analysis based on prostate cancer screening diagnosis. Andrologia 2022; 54:e14371. [PMID: 35014705 DOI: 10.1111/and.14371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to analyse the clinical characteristics and risk factors of patients with positive prostate biopsy at 4-20 ng/mL of prostate-specific antigen (PSA), construct a new parameter based on this characteristics and assess its diagnostic value for prostate cancer (PCa). Logistic regression analysis was used to clarify the risk factors of PCa, and a new parameter based on the results was constructed. Compare the diagnostic value of various diagnostic parameters for PCa. Logistic multivariate regression analysis revealed that age (OR, 5.269; 95%CI, 2.762-10.050), comorbid diabetes (OR, 2.437; 95%CI, 1.162-5.111), PSA (OR, 2.462; 95%CI, 1.198-5.059) and prostate volume (PV) (OR, 0.227; 95%CI, 0.100-0.516) are risk factors for PCa. The age, PSA and PV of patients were combined to construct a new parameter, that is A-PSAD = (age × total PSA [TPSA])/PV]. The area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve(AUC) of A-PSAD (0.728) for PCa diagnosis was higher than the AUCs of TPSA (0.581), free prostate-specific antigen (0.514), (F/T)PSA (0.535) and PSAD (0.696), with significant differences. Age, history of diabetes, TPSA and PV are risk factors for PCa(PSA:4-20ng/mL); in addition, A-PSAD has a moderate diagnostic value for PCa and may become a new indicator for PCa screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahao Shan
- Department of urology, Suzhou Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xinyu Geng
- Department of urology, Suzhou Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Suzhou, China
| | - Ziyang Liu
- School of Clinical Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Youlu Lu
- Department of urology, Suzhou Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Suzhou, China
| | - Raorao Zhou
- Department of urology, Suzhou Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Suzhou, China
| | - Zhengyuan Zhang
- Department of urology, Suzhou Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Suzhou, China
| | - Haoran Xu
- School of Clinical Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Xiaojie Zhou
- School of Clinical Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Wenzhuo Ma
- School of Clinical Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Hengyu Zhu
- Department of urology, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Hongbin Shi
- Department of urology, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
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Yu C, Niu L, Li L, Li T, Duan L, He Z, Zhao Y, Zou L, Wu X, Luo C. Identification of the metabolic signatures of prostate cancer by mass spectrometry-based plasma and urine metabolomics analysis. Prostate 2021; 81:1320-1328. [PMID: 34590739 DOI: 10.1002/pros.24229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most commonly diagnosed cancers among men which is associated with profound metabolic changes. Systematic analysis of the metabolic alterations and identification of new biomarkers may benefit PCa diagnosis and a deep understanding of the pathological mechanism. The purpose of this study was to determine the metabolic features of PCa. METHODS Plasma and urine metabolites from 89 prostate cancer (PCa) patients, 84 benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) patients, and 70 healthy males were analyzed using LC-MS/MS and GC-MS. The Orthogonalised Partial Least Squares Discriminant Analysis (OPLS-DA) was used to find the significantly changed metabolites. The clinical value of the candidate markers was examined by receiver operating characteristic curve analysis and compared with prostate-specific antigen (PSA). RESULTS Multivariate statistical analyses found a series of altered metabolites, which related to the urea cycle, tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA), fatty acid metabolism, and the glycine cleavage system. Plasma Glu/Gln showed the highest predictive value (AUC = 0.984) when differentiating PCa patients from healthy controls, with a higher sensitivity than PSA (96.6% vs. 94.4%). Both Glu/Gln and PSA displayed a low specificity when differentiating PCa patients from BPH patients (<53.2%), while the combination of Glu/Gln and PSA can further increase the diagnostic specificity to 66.9%. CONCLUSIONS The present study showed the metabolic features of PCa, provided strong evidence that the amide nitrogen and the energy metabolic pathways could be a valuable source of markers for PCa. Several candidate markers identified in this study were clinically valuable for further assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaowen Yu
- Center for Clinical Molecular Medicine & Newborn Screening, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University; National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Stem Cell Therapy, Chongqing, China
- The Key Laboratory of Diagnostics Medicine Designated by the Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lingfang Niu
- The Key Laboratory of Diagnostics Medicine Designated by the Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Luo Li
- The Key Laboratory of Diagnostics Medicine Designated by the Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ting Li
- The Key Laboratory of Diagnostics Medicine Designated by the Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Limei Duan
- The Key Laboratory of Diagnostics Medicine Designated by the Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhenting He
- The Key Laboratory of Diagnostics Medicine Designated by the Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- The Key Laboratory of Diagnostics Medicine Designated by the Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lin Zou
- Center for Clinical Molecular Medicine & Newborn Screening, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University; National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Stem Cell Therapy, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaohou Wu
- Department of Urolog, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Chunli Luo
- The Key Laboratory of Diagnostics Medicine Designated by the Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Yamashiro JR, de Riese WTW. Any Correlation Between Prostate Volume and Incidence of Prostate Cancer: A Review of Reported Data for the Last Thirty Years. Res Rep Urol 2021; 13:749-757. [PMID: 34676178 PMCID: PMC8518471 DOI: 10.2147/rru.s331506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most common non-skin cancer in men worldwide and more than 80% of men with PCa also have histo-anatomical findings of benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH). It is well documented that BPH develops in the transition zone (TZ), whereas 80-85% of PCa originates in the peripheral zone (PZ) of the prostate. Possible causal links between both disease entities are controversially discussed in the current literature. Some studies have reported that larger prostates have a decreased incidence of PCa compared to smaller prostates. The purpose of this systematic review is to comprehensively summarize studies analyzing any association between prostate gland volume and incidence of PCa. METHODS A thorough literature review was performed between 01.01.1990 through 02.28.2020 using PubMed and applying the "PRISMA" guidelines. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were defined. RESULTS Our systematic review found 41 articles reporting an inverse (negative) relationship between prostate gland volume and incidence of prostate cancer. Sample sizes ranged from 114 to 6692 patients in these single institutional and multi-institutional studies. Thirty-nine (95%) of the 41 articles showed a statistically significant inverse relationship. In our search, no study was found showing a positive correlation between BPH size and the incidence of PCa. CONCLUSION To our knowledge, this is the first systematic review on the important clinical question of interaction between prostate size and the incidence of PCa. The results are demonstrating an inverse relationship, and therefore reveal strong evidence that large prostates may be protective of PCa when compared to smaller prostates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justine R Yamashiro
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Werner T W de Riese
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
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Xu W, Gao Y, Zhang J, Zhang R, Chen Q. AKR1B10 expression in benign prostatic hyperplasia and its related mechanism. Oncol Lett 2021; 22:683. [PMID: 34434282 PMCID: PMC8335732 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2021.12944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the expression of aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B10 (AKR1B10) in benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and its related mechanism. In total, 142 BPH patients admitted from March 2017 to March 2019 at the First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine and 140 healthy people undergoing physical examination were selected as the research subjects. The clinical value of AKR1B10 in BPH was analyzed. Twenty clean SD rats were selected, and 10 were selected to establish the prostate hyperplasia model, while the remaining 10 were set as the control group. Ten days after the model was established, AKR1B10 and NF-κB expression in prostate tissues of rats in both groups was detected by PCR and immunohistochemistry. The primary cells in prostate hyperplasia were cultured, and then they were transfected with AKR1B10 to observe the changes of cell biological behavior. AKR1B10 and NF-κB mRNA significantly increased in peripheral blood of BPH patients and prostate tissue of BPH model rats (P<0.001), and AKR1B10 had good diagnostic value for BPH (P<0.001). In addition, it was positively correlated with PSA, EGF, IL-6 and TNF-α (P<0.001). After transfection with AKR1B10-inhibitor, it was revealed that the proliferation of prostate hyperplasia cells decreased, while the apoptosis of prostate hyperplasia cells increased and the NF-κB protein expression decreased (P<0.001). Collectively, high expression of AKR1B10 in BPH promoted the proliferation of prostate cells and reduced their apoptosis, and the mechanism may be through regulation of NF-κB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Xu
- First Clinical College of Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410208, P.R. China
| | - Ya Gao
- Department of Proctology, The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410007, P.R. China
| | - Jiaqi Zhang
- First Clinical College of Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410208, P.R. China
| | - Rong Zhang
- First Clinical College of Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410208, P.R. China
| | - Qihua Chen
- Department of Surgery and Male Disease, The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410007, P.R. China
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Salvaggio G, Comelli A, Portoghese M, Cutaia G, Cannella R, Vernuccio F, Stefano A, Dispensa N, La Tona G, Salvaggio L, Calamia M, Gagliardo C, Lagalla R, Midiri M. Deep Learning Network for Segmentation of the Prostate Gland With Median Lobe Enlargement in T2-weighted MR Images: Comparison With Manual Segmentation Method. Curr Probl Diagn Radiol 2021; 51:328-333. [PMID: 34315623 DOI: 10.1067/j.cpradiol.2021.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2021] [Revised: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Aim of this study was to evaluate a fully automated deep learning network named Efficient Neural Network (ENet) for segmentation of prostate gland with median lobe enlargement compared to manual segmentation. MATERIALS AND METHODS One-hundred-three patients with median lobe enlargement on prostate MRI were retrospectively included. Ellipsoid formula, manual segmentation and automatic segmentation were used for prostate volume estimation using T2 weighted MRI images. ENet was used for automatic segmentation; it is a deep learning network developed for fast inference and high accuracy in augmented reality and automotive scenarios. Student t-test was performed to compare prostate volumes obtained with ellipsoid formula, manual segmentation, and automated segmentation. To provide an evaluation of the similarity or difference to manual segmentation, sensitivity, positive predictive value (PPV), dice similarity coefficient (DSC), volume overlap error (VOE), and volumetric difference (VD) were calculated. RESULTS Differences between prostate volume obtained from ellipsoid formula versus manual segmentation and versus automatic segmentation were statistically significant (P < 0.049318 and P < 0.034305, respectively), while no statistical difference was found between volume obtained from manual versus automatic segmentation (P = 0.438045). The performance of ENet versus manual segmentations was good providing a sensitivity of 93.51%, a PPV of 87.93%, a DSC of 90.38%, a VOE of 17.32% and a VD of 6.85%. CONCLUSION The presence of median lobe enlargement may lead to MRI volume overestimation when using the ellipsoid formula so that a segmentation method is recommended. ENet volume estimation showed great accuracy in evaluation of prostate volume similar to that of manual segmentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Salvaggio
- Section of Radiology - BiND, University Hospital "Paolo Giaccone", Via del Vespro 129, 90127, Palermo, Italy
| | - Albert Comelli
- Ri.Med Foundation, Palermo, Italy; Institute of Molecular Bioimaging and Physiology, National Research Council (IBFM-CNR), Cefalù, Italy
| | - Marzia Portoghese
- Section of Radiology - BiND, University Hospital "Paolo Giaccone", Via del Vespro 129, 90127, Palermo, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Cutaia
- Section of Radiology - BiND, University Hospital "Paolo Giaccone", Via del Vespro 129, 90127, Palermo, Italy; Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.
| | - Roberto Cannella
- Section of Radiology - BiND, University Hospital "Paolo Giaccone", Via del Vespro 129, 90127, Palermo, Italy
| | - Federica Vernuccio
- Section of Radiology - BiND, University Hospital "Paolo Giaccone", Via del Vespro 129, 90127, Palermo, Italy
| | - Alessandro Stefano
- Institute of Molecular Bioimaging and Physiology, National Research Council (IBFM-CNR), Cefalù, Italy
| | - Nino Dispensa
- Discipline Chirurgiche, Oncologiche e Stomatologiche - Unità operativa di Urologia, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Giuseppe La Tona
- Section of Radiology - BiND, University Hospital "Paolo Giaccone", Via del Vespro 129, 90127, Palermo, Italy
| | - Leonardo Salvaggio
- Section of Radiology - BiND, University Hospital "Paolo Giaccone", Via del Vespro 129, 90127, Palermo, Italy
| | - Mauro Calamia
- Section of Radiology - BiND, University Hospital "Paolo Giaccone", Via del Vespro 129, 90127, Palermo, Italy
| | - Cesare Gagliardo
- Section of Radiology - BiND, University Hospital "Paolo Giaccone", Via del Vespro 129, 90127, Palermo, Italy
| | - Roberto Lagalla
- Section of Radiology - BiND, University Hospital "Paolo Giaccone", Via del Vespro 129, 90127, Palermo, Italy
| | - Massimo Midiri
- Section of Radiology - BiND, University Hospital "Paolo Giaccone", Via del Vespro 129, 90127, Palermo, Italy
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Sellers J, Wagstaff RG, Helo N, de Riese WTW. Quantitative measurements of prostatic zones by MRI and their dependence on prostate size: possible clinical implications in prostate cancer. Ther Adv Urol 2021; 13:17562872211000852. [PMID: 33868460 PMCID: PMC8020739 DOI: 10.1177/17562872211000852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM Many studies support an inverse relationship between benign prostate hypertrophy (BPH) size and incidence of prostate cancer (PCa), but the causal link between these conditions is poorly understood. Recent studies suggest that a growing transition zone (TZ) in the prostate may induce pressure on the outer peripheral zone (PZ), leading to atrophy of the glandular tissue where PCa often originates, providing a possible explanation for this interaction. To further investigate this phenomenon, our pilot study uses magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to examine quantitative zonal changes in a consecutive cohort of prostates. METHODS MRI scans of male patients [n = 204, 61.57 ± 13.90 years, average body mass index (BMI) 29.05 kg/m2] with various prostate sizes were analyzed statistically to identify possible associations between prostate parameters, such as total prostate volume (TPV) and peripheral zone thickness (PZT). RESULTS TPV and PZT demonstrated a weak, inverse correlation (r = -0.21, p = 0.002). However, when examining the plotted data, the relationship between TPV and PZT was significantly different when the cohort was divided into two groups; lower TPV: ⩽87.5 ml (n = 188, TPV x- = 36.01 ± 18.18 ml), and higher TPV: >87.5 ml (n = 17, TPV x- = 125.69 ± 41.13 ml). Average PZT differed significantly between these groups (z = -3.5554, p = 0.0004). CONCLUSIONS PZT was significantly different for patients with lower versus higher TPVs, suggesting that, above a certain point of BPH growth, the PZ is unable to withstand pressure from an expanding TZ, supporting the notion that growing BPH causes compression of the PZ glandular tissue, and, therefore, BPH may be protective against PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jake Sellers
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Rachel G. Wagstaff
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Naseem Helo
- Department of Radiology, University Medical Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Werner T. W. de Riese
- Department of Urology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center – School of Medicine, 3601 4th Street, Lubbock, TX 79430-7260, USA
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11
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Liu J, Dong B, Qu W, Wang J, Xu Y, Yu S, Zhang X. Using clinical parameters to predict prostate cancer and reduce the unnecessary biopsy among patients with PSA in the gray zone. Sci Rep 2020; 10:5157. [PMID: 32198373 PMCID: PMC7083895 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-62015-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The gold standard for prostate cancer (PCa) diagnosis is prostate biopsy. However, it remines controversial as an invasive mean for patients with PSA levels in the gray zone (4–10 ng/mL). This study aimed to develop strategy to reduce the unnecessary prostate biopsy. We retrospectively identified 235 patients with serum total PSA testing in the gray zone before prostate biopsy between 2014 and 2018. Age, PSA derivates, prostate volume and multiparametric magnetic imaging (mpMRI) examination were assessed as predictors for PCa and clinically significant PCa with Gleason score ≥ 7 (CSPCa). Univariate analysis showed that prostate volume, PSAD, and mpMRI examination were significant predictors of PCa and CSPCa (P < 0.05). The differences of diagnostic accuracy between mpMRI examination (AUC = 0.69) and other clinical parameters in diagnostic accuracy for PCa were not statistically significant. However, mpMRI examination (AUC = 0.79) outperformed prostate volume and PSAD in diagnosis of CSPCa. The multivariate models (AUC = 0.79 and 0.84 for PCa and CSPCa) performed significantly better than mpMRI examination for detection of PCa (P = 0.003) and CSPCa (P = 0.036) among patients with PSA level in the gray zone. At the same level of sensitivity as the mpMRI examination to diagnose PCa, applying the multivariate models could reduce the number of biopsies by 5% compared with mpMRI examination. Overall, our results supported the view that the multivariate model could reduce unnecessary biopsies without compromising the ability to diagnose PCa and CSPCa. Further prospective validation is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junxiao Liu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Biao Dong
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Wugong Qu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jiange Wang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yue Xu
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shuanbao Yu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xuepei Zhang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China. .,Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Chronic Kidney Disease in Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China.
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12
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Erdogan A, Polat S, Keskin E, Turan A. Is prostate volume better than PSA density and free/total PSA ratio in predicting prostate cancer in patients with PSA 2.5-10 ng/mL and 10.1-30 ng/mL? Aging Male 2020; 23:59-65. [PMID: 30862227 DOI: 10.1080/13685538.2019.1578741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and prostate cancer (PCa) are the most common benign and malignant diseases of the prostate gland. The clinical distinction between BPH and PCa should be determined to guide patients to appropriate treatment. We aimed to evaluate the value of PSA, prostate volume (PV) and associated parameters for the detection of PCa in patients with PSA levels of 2.5-30.0 ng/mL.Materials and methods: A total of 211 men with a biopsy (≥10 cores) and a PSA of 2.5-30.0 ng/ml were included in the study. To evaluate the performance of PV in diagnosing PCa, subjects were divided into PSA 2.5-10.0 ng/ml and PSA 10.1-30.0 ng/ml groups. Age, BMI, PSA, PV, f/t PSA, PSAD, and biopsy Gleason score were included in the analysis.Results: PCa was diagnosed in 74 (35.1%) of the 211 patients. The differences in f/t PSA, PV, and PSAD for patients with and without PCa were statistically significant. (p < .001). PV was a significantly better indicator of PCa than PSAD and f/t PSA ratio in both groups.Conclusions: PV plays an active role in predicting PCa in patients with PSA in gray-zone as well as in patients with PSA 10.1-30 ng/mL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah Erdogan
- Department of Urology, Erzincan University Medical Faculty, Erzincan, Turkey
| | - Salih Polat
- Department of Urology, Amasya University Medical Faculty, Amasya, Turkey
| | - Ercument Keskin
- Department of Urology, Erzincan University Medical Faculty, Erzincan, Turkey
| | - Abdullah Turan
- Department of Urology, Erzincan University Medical Faculty, Erzincan, Turkey
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13
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Guzman JA, Sharma P, Smith LA, Buie JD, de Riese WT. Histological changes of the peripheral zone in small and large prostates and possible clinical implications. Res Rep Urol 2019; 11:77-81. [PMID: 30963056 PMCID: PMC6432882 DOI: 10.2147/rru.s182781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction It is well documented in literature that most prostate carcinomas (PCa) arise in the peripheral zone (PZ). Additionally, an inverse relationship between prostate size and the incidence of PCa has been demonstrated in recent studies. However, little is known about gland distribution in the peripheral zone of larger prostates compared to smaller prostates. In this study, we examined the histo-anatomical gland distribution within the peripheral zone in small and large prostates and discuss possible clinical implications. Methods A semi-quantitative analysis of gland density and capsule thickness was performed using light microscopy on 10 large (≥80 g) prostate specimens and 10 small (<30 g) prostate specimens from patients who underwent radical prostatectomy at Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center between the years 2010 and 2016. Samples from radical prostatectomies were used to ensure a whole, preserved prostate with an intact surgical capsule. Gland counts were performed on five random fields under 100 × magnification, while capsule thickness was measured on three random fields per case; thus, a total 50 fields and 30 fields were analyzed for each of the two groups for gland counts and capsule thickness measurements, respectively. Microscopy was standardized to the posterior aspect of the prostate, between 4 o'clock and 6 o'clock along the equatorial region between the apex and base. Results Large prostates possessed a significantly lower mean gland count per field compared to small prostates (10.34±4.15, n=50 vs 18.00±5.41, n=50; t=8.16, df=49, P<0.001). Additionally, large prostates showed a significantly higher average capsule thickness in millimeters compared to small prostates (1.80 mm, ±1.12 mm, n=30 vs 0.90 mm, ±0.56, n=30; t=8.16, df=49, P<0.001). Conclusion The results demonstrate that prostate hypertrophy leads to both decreased gland density in the peripheral zone and increased capsule thickness, suggesting that growth-induced expansion of the prostate against its capsule leads to compression-induced atrophy and fibrosis of glandular tissue within the peripheral zone (PZ). A decrease in gland density within the PZ may have clinical implications shedding light, for instance, on the reduction in PCa incidence in patients with large prostates as compared to smaller prostates, a phenomenon well documented in the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan A Guzman
- Department of Urology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA,
| | - Pranav Sharma
- Department of Urology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA,
| | - Lisa A Smith
- Department of Urology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA,
| | - John D Buie
- Department of Pathology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Werner T de Riese
- Department of Urology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA,
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14
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Sharma P, Buie J, De Riese W. Smaller Prostate Volume is Associated with Adverse Pathological Features and Biochemical Recurrence after Radical Prostatectomy. UROLOGICAL SCIENCE 2019. [DOI: 10.4103/uros.uros_28_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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15
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Liu FC, Hua KC, Lin JR, Pang ST, Yu HP. Prostate resected weight and postoperative prostate cancer incidence after transurethral resection of the prostate: A population-based study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2019; 98:e13897. [PMID: 30653095 PMCID: PMC6370121 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000013897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
To analyze whether different volumes of tissue resected during transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) would associate with the subsequent development of prostate cancer.This population-based retrospective cohort study recruited 49,206 patients with benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) undergoing TURP between 2005 and 2012. Patients were recruited from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database. Patients were separated into three groups, based on different volumes of tissue resected during TURP (5-15 g, 15-50 g, >50 g).Of the 49,206 patients, 633 patients were diagnosed with new onset of prostate cancer following TURP. Older age was a risk factor contributing to the onset of prostate cancer (P = .0196) and different volumes of tissue resected were significantly related to the incidence of postoperative prostate cancer (P = .0399). The group of patients with a smaller volume of prostate resected had a higher risk of prostate cancer with a hazard ratio (HR) of 1.221 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.035, 1.440; P = .0179). However, the risk in the group of patients with a larger volume of prostrate resected was not significantly different, with an HR of 1.277 (95% CI: 0.981, 1662; P = .0690). The incidence of prostate cancer in Taiwanese males over 30 years of age has previously been reported to be 0.0560%; the mean incidence was 0.2282% in our present study.This study shows that BPH patients who had a smaller volume of tissue resected during TURP show a higher incidence of prostate cancer postoperatively. Currently, no clear mechanism is shown to demonstrate the relationship between resected prostate weight and the incidence of tumors. Patients with a larger prostate volume might have lower urinary tract symptoms earlier and then seek professional help. It is possible that surgical procedures might remove the potentially carcinogenic prostate tissue and thus reduce the risk of an aggressive tumor developing in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fu-Chao Liu
- The Department of Anesthesiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital
- College of Medicine
| | - Kuo-Chun Hua
- The Department of Anesthesiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital
- College of Medicine
| | - Jr-Rung Lin
- Clinical Informatics and Medical Statistics Research Center and Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, Chang Gung University
| | - See-Tong Pang
- Department of Urology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Huang-Ping Yu
- The Department of Anesthesiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital
- College of Medicine
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xiamen Chang Gung Hospital, Xiamen, China
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16
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Steuber T, Tennstedt P, Macagno A, Athanasiou A, Wittig A, Huber R, Golding B, Schiess R, Gillessen S. Thrombospondin 1 and cathepsin D improve prostate cancer diagnosis by avoiding potentially unnecessary prostate biopsies. BJU Int 2018; 123:826-833. [PMID: 30216634 PMCID: PMC7379977 DOI: 10.1111/bju.14540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Objectives To investigate and further validate if two novel cancer‐related glycoproteins, discovered by a genetic‐guided proteomics approach, can distinguish benign disease from prostate cancer (PCa) in men with enlarged prostates. Patients and Methods A retrospective study was performed that included men with a total prostate‐specific antigen (PSA) concentration of 2.0–10 ng/mL, negative digital rectal examination and enlarged prostate (volume ≥35 mL). Serum samples were collected between 2011 and 2016 at a single centre from 474 men before they underwent prostate biopsy. Serum concentrations of thrombospondin 1 (THBS1) and cathepsin D (CTSD) glycoproteins were combined with the percentage of free PSA to total PSA ratio (%fPSA) to predict any or significant cancer at biopsy. Results The multivariable logistic regression model including THBS1, CTSD and %fPSA discriminated among biopsy‐positive and biopsy‐negative patients in the validation set with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.86 (P < 0.001, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.82–0.91), while %fPSA alone showed an AUC of 0.64 (P < 0.001, 95% CI 0.57–0.71). At 90% sensitivity for PCa, the specificity of the model was 62%, while %fPSA had a specificity of 23%. For high grade (Gleason score ≥ 7 in prostatectomy specimen) PCa, the specificity was 48% at 90% sensitivity, with an AUC of 0.83, (P < 0.001, 95% CI 0.77 to 0.88). Limitations of the study include the retrospective set‐up and single‐centre cohort. Conclusions A model combining two cancer‐related glycoproteins (THBS1 and CTSD) and %fPSA can improve PCa diagnosis and may reduce the number of unnecessary prostate biopsies because of its improved specificity for PCa when compared to %fPSA alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Steuber
- Martini-Klinik, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Pierre Tennstedt
- Martini-Klinik, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Silke Gillessen
- Cantonal Hospital St. Gallen, Oncology and Haematology, St Gallen and University of Berne, Berne, Switzerland
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17
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Li J, Dai L, Lei N, Xing M, Li P, Luo C, Casiano CA, Zhang JY. Evaluation and characterization of anti-RalA autoantibody as a potential serum biomarker in human prostate cancer. Oncotarget 2017; 7:43546-43556. [PMID: 27286458 PMCID: PMC5190043 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.9869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2016] [Accepted: 05/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Autoantibodies against intracellular tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) are commonly found in human cancers. In this study, we characterized the serum autoantibody response to the RalA, Ras-like GTPase, in patients with prostate cancer (PCa). The autoantibodies were detected by immunofluorescence assay in PCa cell lines, ELISA, and immunoblotting in 339 serum samples from patients with PCa and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), and in normal human sera (NHS). The expression of RalA in prostate tumor tissues was evaluated by immunohistochemistry (IHC) in tumor microarrays. The autoantibody level to RalA (median) in NHS was significantly lower than in PCa (0.053 vs 0.138; P < 0.001) and BPH (0.053 vs 0.132; P < 0.005) groups. The circulating anti-RalA autoantibody could distinguish PCa patients from normal individuals with the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC) performing at 0.861, with sensitivity of 52.9% and specificity of 91.0%. Elevation in serum immunoreactivity was observed in PCa patients after radical prostatectomy. The combined use of both anti-RalA autoantibody and PSA showed a significantly higher discriminatory ability compared with either of those markers alone. RalA protein expression was detected by IHC in 85.3% of tumor tissues from PCa patients, but without significant difference compared to BPH or normal control tissues. Together, our study shows the additional benefits of anti-RalA autoantibody as a potential serological biomarker for PCa, particularly in patients with normal PSA, and further demonstrate the utility of biomarker combinations in the immunodiagnosis of PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jitian Li
- Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, USA
| | - Liping Dai
- Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, USA.,Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology and Henan Academy of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
| | - Ningjing Lei
- Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, USA
| | - Mengtao Xing
- Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, USA
| | - Pei Li
- Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, USA
| | - Chenglin Luo
- Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, USA
| | - Carlos A Casiano
- Center for Health Disparities and Molecular Medicine, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA
| | - Jian-Ying Zhang
- Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, USA.,Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology and Henan Academy of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
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18
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Association of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) volume and prostate cancer: consecutive data from an academic institution in respect to the current scientific view. World J Urol 2017; 35:1633-1634. [PMID: 28314906 DOI: 10.1007/s00345-017-2031-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2017] [Accepted: 03/01/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
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19
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Al-Khalil S, Ibilibor C, Cammack JT, de Riese W. Association of prostate volume with incidence and aggressiveness of prostate cancer. Res Rep Urol 2016; 8:201-205. [PMID: 27822463 PMCID: PMC5087757 DOI: 10.2147/rru.s117963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the possible correlation between prostate volume and aggressiveness and incidence of prostate cancer (PCa). Patients and methods A chart review of a cohort of 448 consecutive prostate biopsy-naive men was performed. These men underwent at least a 12-core biopsy at our institution due to increased prostate-specific antigen serum levels (>4 ng/mL) and/or suspicious findings on digital rectal examination during the period between 2008 and 2013. Transrectal ultrasound was used to determine the prostate volume. Results The positive biopsy rate was 66% for patients with a prostate volume of ≤35 cc and 40% for patients with a prostate volume of ≥65 cc (P<0.001). Of the 110 patients testing positive on biopsy with a volume of ≤35 cc, 10 patients (9.1%) had a Gleason score of ≥8. Of the 27 patients testing positive on biopsy with a volume of ≥65 cc, only 1 patient (3.7%) had a Gleason score of ≥8. Conclusion These results suggest that there may be an association between prostate volume and the incidence and aggressiveness of PCa. The larger the prostate, the lower the positive biopsy rate for PCa and the lower the Gleason score.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shadi Al-Khalil
- Department of Urology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Christine Ibilibor
- Department of Urology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - James Thomas Cammack
- Department of Urology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Werner de Riese
- Department of Urology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
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