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Zheng W, Teng X, Jiang T, Tang W, Jiang L, Zhu H, Yu X, Chen G, Wang J, Zhang J, Qu M, Zhang X. Genome analysis of a novel avian atadenovirus reveals a possible horizontal gene transfer. Virology 2024; 593:109999. [PMID: 38368638 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2024.109999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
We report the discovery and characterization of a novel adenovirus, Zoothera dauma adenovirus (ZdAdV), from a wild bird species, Zoothera dauma (Scaly thrush). This new atadenovirus was discovered by metagenomic sequencing without virus cultivation. Analyses of the full genome sequence revealed that this new virus is a distinct member of the genus Atadenovirus and represents a novel species. ZdAdV has a genome of 34,760 bp with 28 predicted genes and 39% GC content. ZdAdV is the first atadenovirus to contain ORF19, a gene previously found only in aviadenoviruses. Phylogenetic analysis of ORF19 suggests that it was acquired by ZdAdV through horizontal gene transfer from an aviadenovirus. By analyzing all orthologous genes of aviadenovirus, mastadenovirus, atadenovirus, and siadenovirus, we also found potential horizontal gene transfer for the E4 gene in Pigeon aviadenovirus B. Our study widens our knowledge concerning the genetic diversity and evolutionary history of atadenoviruses and their potential for cross-species transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weibo Zheng
- School of Life Sciences, Ludong University, Yantai 264000, Shandong, China; Yantai Key Laboratory of Animal Pathogenetic Microbiology and Immunology, Yantai 264000, Shandong, China; Shandong Breeding Environmental Control Engineering Laboratory, Yantai 264000, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaopeng Teng
- Department of Pharmacy, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai 264000, Shandong China
| | - Tingshu Jiang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai 264000, Shandong China
| | - Wenli Tang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Quality Safety Monitoring and Risk Assessment for Animal Products, Jinan 250022, Shandong, China
| | - Linlin Jiang
- School of Life Sciences, Ludong University, Yantai 264000, Shandong, China; Yantai Key Laboratory of Animal Pathogenetic Microbiology and Immunology, Yantai 264000, Shandong, China; Shandong Breeding Environmental Control Engineering Laboratory, Yantai 264000, Shandong, China
| | - Hongwei Zhu
- School of Life Sciences, Ludong University, Yantai 264000, Shandong, China; Yantai Key Laboratory of Animal Pathogenetic Microbiology and Immunology, Yantai 264000, Shandong, China; Shandong Breeding Environmental Control Engineering Laboratory, Yantai 264000, Shandong, China
| | - Xin Yu
- School of Life Sciences, Ludong University, Yantai 264000, Shandong, China; Yantai Key Laboratory of Animal Pathogenetic Microbiology and Immunology, Yantai 264000, Shandong, China; Shandong Breeding Environmental Control Engineering Laboratory, Yantai 264000, Shandong, China
| | - Guozhong Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Ludong University, Yantai 264000, Shandong, China; Yantai Key Laboratory of Animal Pathogenetic Microbiology and Immunology, Yantai 264000, Shandong, China; Shandong Breeding Environmental Control Engineering Laboratory, Yantai 264000, Shandong, China
| | - Jiao Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Ludong University, Yantai 264000, Shandong, China; Yantai Key Laboratory of Animal Pathogenetic Microbiology and Immunology, Yantai 264000, Shandong, China; Shandong Breeding Environmental Control Engineering Laboratory, Yantai 264000, Shandong, China
| | - Jianlong Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Ludong University, Yantai 264000, Shandong, China; Yantai Key Laboratory of Animal Pathogenetic Microbiology and Immunology, Yantai 264000, Shandong, China; Shandong Breeding Environmental Control Engineering Laboratory, Yantai 264000, Shandong, China
| | - Mingjuan Qu
- School of Life Sciences, Ludong University, Yantai 264000, Shandong, China; Yantai Key Laboratory of Animal Pathogenetic Microbiology and Immunology, Yantai 264000, Shandong, China; Shandong Breeding Environmental Control Engineering Laboratory, Yantai 264000, Shandong, China.
| | - Xingxiao Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Ludong University, Yantai 264000, Shandong, China; Yantai Key Laboratory of Animal Pathogenetic Microbiology and Immunology, Yantai 264000, Shandong, China; Shandong Breeding Environmental Control Engineering Laboratory, Yantai 264000, Shandong, China.
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Lu Z, Wang Y, Zou X, Hung T. Analysis of Fowl Adenovirus 4 Transcriptome by De Novo ORF Prediction Based on Corrected Nanopore Full-Length cDNA Sequencing Data. Viruses 2023; 15:v15020529. [PMID: 36851744 PMCID: PMC9962806 DOI: 10.3390/v15020529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The transcriptome of fowl adenovirus has not been comprehensively revealed. Here, we attempted to analyze the fowl adenovirus 4 (FAdV-4) transcriptome by deep sequencing. RNA samples were extracted from chicken LMH cells at 12, 18 or 26 h post-FAdV-4 infection, and subjected to Illumina strand-specific RNA-seq or nanopore full-length PCR-cDNA sequencing. After removing the reads of host cells, the data of FAdV-4 nanopore full-length cDNAs (transcripts) were corrected with reads from the Illumina RNA-seq, mapped to the viral genome and then used to predict viral open reading frames (ORFs). Other than 42 known ORFs, 39 novel ORFs were annotated to the FAdV-4 genome. Different from human adenovirus 5, one FAdV-4 ORF was often encoded by several transcripts, and more FAdV-4 ORFs were located on two exons. With these data, 18 major transcription start sites and 15 major transcription termination sites were defined, implying 18 viral promoters and 15 polyadenylation signals. The temporal cascade of viral gene transcription was observed in FAdV-4-infected cells, with six promoters possessing considerable activity in the early phase. Unexpectedly, four promoters, instead of one major late promoter, were engaged in the transcription of the viral genus-common genes on the forward strand. The clarification of the FAdV-4 transcriptome laid a solid foundation for the study of viral gene function, virulence and virus evolution, and it would help construct FAdV-4 as a gene transfer vehicle. The strategy of de novo ORF prediction could be used to parse the transcriptome of other novel adenoviruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuozhuang Lu
- Correspondence: (X.Z.); (Z.L.); Tel.: +86-10-6351-1368 (Z.L.)
| | | | - Xiaohui Zou
- Correspondence: (X.Z.); (Z.L.); Tel.: +86-10-6351-1368 (Z.L.)
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Liu X, Zou X, Zhang W, Guo X, Wang M, Lv Y, Hung T, Lu Z. No Genus-Specific Gene Is Essential for the Replication of Fowl Adenovirus 4 in Chicken LMH Cells. Microbiol Spectr 2022; 10:e0047022. [PMID: 35638786 PMCID: PMC9241798 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.00470-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Essential genus-specific genes have not been discovered for fowl adenovirus (FAdV), which hampers the development of FAdV-based vectors and attenuated FAdV vaccines. Reverse genetics approaches were employed to construct FAdV-4 mutants carrying deletions or frameshift mutations covering the whole left and right ends of the viral genome. The results of virus rescue and plaque forming experiments illustrated that all the 22 designated ORFs (open reading frames) were dispensable for the replication of FAdV-4 in chicken hepatoma Leghorn male hepatoma (LMH) cells and primary embryo hepatocytes. RNA-seq data demonstrated that ORF28 and ORF29 were not protein-encoding genes, and suggested a promoter (RP1) and an intron in these regions, respectively. The promoter activity of RP1 was further confirmed by reporter gene expression experiments. GAM-1-deleted FAdV-4 formed small plaques, while deletion of GAM-1 together with ORF22 resulted in even smaller ones in LMH cells. Simultaneous deletion of ORF28, ORF29, and GAM-1 led to growth defect of FAdV-4. These facts implied that genus-specific genes contributed to and synergistically affected viral replication, although no single one was essential. Notably, replication of FAdV-4 mutants could be different in vitro and in vivo. XGAM1-CX19A, a GAM-1-deleted FAdV-4 that replicated efficiently in LMH cells, did not kill chicken embryos because virus propagation took place at a very low level in vivo. This work laid a solid foundation for FAdV-4 vector construction as well as vaccine development, and would benefit viral gene function study. IMPORTANCE Identification of viral essential genes is important for adenoviral vector construction. Deletion of nonessential genes enlarges cloning capacity, deletion of essential genes makes a replication-defective vector, and expression of essential genes in trans generates a virus packaging cell line. However, the genus-specific essential genes in FAdV have not been identified. We constructed adenoviral plasmid carrying deletions covering all 22 genus-specific ORFs of FAdV-4, and found that all virus mutants could be rescued and amplified in chicken LMH cells except those that had defects in key promoter activity. These genus-specific genes affected virus growth, but no single one was indispensable. Dysfunction of several genus-specific genes at the same time could make FAdV-4 vectors replication-defective. In addition, the growth of FAdV-4 mutants could be different in LMH cells and in chicken embryos, suggesting the possibility of constructing attenuated FAdV-4 vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinglong Liu
- College of Marine Science and Biological Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong, China
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaohui Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Wenfeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaojuan Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Min Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Yingtao Lv
- College of Marine Science and Biological Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Tao Hung
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Zhuozhuang Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
- Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention–Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Joint Research Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases and Biosafety, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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Alhashimi M, Elkashif A, Sayedahmed EE, Mittal SK. Nonhuman Adenoviral Vector-Based Platforms and Their Utility in Designing Next Generation of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases. Viruses 2021; 13:1493. [PMID: 34452358 PMCID: PMC8402644 DOI: 10.3390/v13081493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Revised: 07/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Several human adenoviral (Ad) vectors have been developed for vaccine delivery owing to their numerous advantages, including the feasibility of different vector designs, the robustness of elicited immune responses, safety, and scalability. To expand the repertoire of Ad vectors for receptor usage and circumvention of Ad vector immunity, the use of less prevalent human Ad types or nonhuman Ads were explored for vector design. Notably, many nonhuman Ad vectors have shown great promise in preclinical and clinical studies as vectors for vaccine delivery. This review describes the key features of several nonhuman Ad vector platforms and their implications in developing effective vaccines against infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Suresh K. Mittal
- Immunology and Infectious Disease, and Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue Institute for Inflammation, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907-2027, USA; (M.A.); (A.E.); (E.E.S.)
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Zhang W, Guo X, Yin F, Zou X, Hou W, Lu Z. Fiber modifications enable fowl adenovirus 4 vectors to transduce human cells. J Gene Med 2021; 23:e3368. [PMID: 34050587 PMCID: PMC8518954 DOI: 10.1002/jgm.3368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 05/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Pre‐existing immunities hamper the application of human adenovirus (HAdV) vectors in gene therapy or vaccine development. Fowl adenovirus (FAdV)‐based vector might represent an alternative. Methods An intermediate plasmid containing FAdV‐4 fiber genes, pMD‐FAV4Fs, was separated from FAdV‐4 adenoviral plasmid pKFAV4GFP. An overlap extension polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was employed for fiber modification in pMD‐FAV4Fs, and the modified fibers were restored to generate new adenoviral plasmids through restriction‐assembly. FAdV‐4 vectors were rescued and amplified in chicken LMH cells. Fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry were used to evaluate the gene transfer efficiency. The amount of viruses binding to cells was determined by a real‐time PCR. A plaque‐forming assay and one‐step growth curve were used to evaluate virus growth. Results Four sites in the CD‐, DE‐, HI‐ and IJ‐loop of fiber1 knob could tolerate the insertion of exogenous peptide. The insertion of RGD4C peptide in the fiber1 knob significantly promoted FAdV‐4 transduction to human adherent cells such as 293, A549 and HEp‐2, and the insertion to the IJ‐loop demonstrated the best performance. The replacement of the fiber2 knob of FAdV‐4 with that of HAdV‐35 improved the gene transfer to human suspension cells such as Jurkat, K562 and U937. Fiber‐modified FAdV‐4 vectors could transduce approximately 80% human cells at an acceptable multiplicity of infection. Enhanced gene transfer mainly resulted from increased virus binding. Fiber modifications did not significantly influence the growth of recombinant FAdV‐4 in packaging cells. Conclusions As a proof of principle, it was feasible to enhance gene transduction of FAdV‐4 vectors to human cells by modifying the fibers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenfeng Zhang
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China.,State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaojuan Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Fengcai Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.,Henan Chemical Technician College, Kaifeng, China
| | - Xiaohui Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Wenzhe Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Zhuozhuang Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention-Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Joint Research Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases and Biosafety, Wuhan, China
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6
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Zou X, Rong Y, Guo X, Hou W, Yan B, Hung T, Lu Z. Fiber1, but not fiber2, is the essential fiber gene for fowl adenovirus 4 (FAdV-4). J Gen Virol 2021; 102. [PMID: 33625352 DOI: 10.1099/jgv.0.001559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Fibre is the viral protein that mediates the attachment and infection of adenovirus to the host cell. Fowl adenovirus 4 (FAdV-4) possesses two different fibre trimers on each penton capsomere, and roles of the separate fibres remain elusive. Here, we attempted to investigate the function of FAdV-4 fibres by using reverse genetics approaches. Adenoviral plasmids carrying fiber1 or fiber2 mutant genes were constructed and used to transfect chicken LMH cells. Fiber1-mutated recombinant virus could not be rescued. Such defective phenotype was complemented when a fiber1-bearing helper plasmid was included for co-transfection. The infection of fiber-intact FAdV-4 (FAdV4-GFP) to LMH cells could be blocked with purified fiber1 knob protein in a dose-dependent manner, while purifed fiber2 knob had no such function. On the contrary, fiber2-mutated FAdV-4, FAdV4XF2-GFP, was successfully rescued. The results of one-step growth curves showed that proliferative capacity of FAdV4XF2-GFP was 10 times lower than that of the control FAdV4-GFP. FAdV4XF2-GFP also caused fewer deaths of infected chicken embryos than FAdV4-GFP did, which resulted from poorer virus replication in vivo. These data illustrated that fiber1 mediated virus adsorption and was essential for FAdV-4, while fiber2 was dispensable although it significantly contributed to the virulence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohui Zou
- NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100052, PR China
| | - Yejing Rong
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Digestive System Tumors of Zhejiang Province, Hwa Mei Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315010, PR China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100052, PR China
| | - Xiaojuan Guo
- NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100052, PR China
| | - Wenzhe Hou
- NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100052, PR China
| | - Bingyu Yan
- College of Marine Science and Biological Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, PR China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100052, PR China
| | - Tao Hung
- NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100052, PR China
| | - Zhuozhuang Lu
- Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, PR China.,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention-Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Joint Research Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases and Biosafety, Wuhan 430071, PR China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100052, PR China
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User-Friendly Reverse Genetics System for Modification of the Right End of Fowl Adenovirus 4 Genome. Viruses 2020; 12:v12030301. [PMID: 32168853 PMCID: PMC7150739 DOI: 10.3390/v12030301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Revised: 02/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
A novel fowl adenovirus 4 (FAdV-4) has caused significant economic losses to the poultry industry in China since 2015. We established an easy-to-use reverse genetics system for modification of the whole right and partial left ends of the novel FAdV-4 genome, which worked through cell-free reactions of restriction digestion and Gibson assembly. Three recombinant viruses were constructed to test the assumption that species-specific viral genes of ORF4 and ORF19A might be responsible for the enhanced virulence: viral genes of ORF1, ORF1b and ORF2 were replaced with GFP to generate FAdV4-GFP, ORF4 was replaced with mCherry in FAdV4-GFP to generate FAdV4-GX4C, and ORF19A was deleted in FAdV4-GFP to generate FAdV4-CX19A. Deletion of ORF4 made FAdV4-GX4C form smaller plaques while ORF19A deletion made FAdV4-CX19A form larger ones on chicken LMH cells. Coding sequence (CDS) replacement with reporter mCherry demonstrated that ORF4 had a weak promoter. Survival analysis showed that FAdV4-CX19A-infected chicken embryos survived one more day than FAdV4-GFP- or FAdV4-GX4C-infected ones. The results illustrated that ORF4 and ORF19A were non-essential genes for FAdV-4 replication although deletion of either gene influenced virus growth. This work would help function study of genes on the right end of FAdV-4 genome and facilitate development of attenuated vaccines.
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Mukai Y, Tomita Y, Kryukov K, Nakagawa S, Ozawa M, Matsui T, Tomonaga K, Imanishi T, Kawaoka Y, Watanabe T, Horie M. Identification of a distinct lineage of aviadenovirus from crane feces. Virus Genes 2019; 55:815-824. [PMID: 31549291 DOI: 10.1007/s11262-019-01703-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Revised: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Viruses are believed to be ubiquitous; however, the diversity of viruses is largely unknown because of the bias of previous research toward pathogenic viruses. Deep sequencing is a promising and unbiased approach to detect viruses from animal-derived materials. Although cranes are known to be infected by several viruses such as influenza A viruses, previous studies targeted limited species of viruses, and thus viruses that infect cranes have not been extensively studied. In this study, we collected crane fecal samples in the Izumi plain in Japan, which is an overwintering site for cranes, and performed metagenomic shotgun sequencing analyses. We detected aviadenovirus-like sequences in the fecal samples and tentatively named the discovered virus crane-associated adenovirus 1 (CrAdV-1). We determined that our sequence accounted for approximately three-fourths of the estimated CrAdV-1 genome size (33,245 bp). The GC content of CrAdV-1 genome is 34.1%, which is considerably lower than that of other aviadenoviruses. Phylogenetic analyses revealed that CrAdV-1 clusters with members of the genus Aviadenovirus, but is distantly related to the previously identified aviadenoviruses. The protein sequence divergence between the DNA polymerase of CrAdV-1 and those of other aviadenoviruses is 45.2-46.8%. Based on these results and the species demarcation for the family Adenoviridae, we propose that CrAdV-1 be classified as a new species in the genus Aviadenovirus. Results of this study contribute to a deeper understanding of the diversity and evolution of viruses and provide additional information on viruses that infect cranes, which might lead to protection of the endangered species of cranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yahiro Mukai
- Laboratory of RNA Viruses, Department of Virus Research, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto, Japan
- Department of Mammalian Regulatory Network, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yuriko Tomita
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kirill Kryukov
- Department of Molecular Life Science, Tokai University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - So Nakagawa
- Department of Molecular Life Science, Tokai University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Makoto Ozawa
- Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Laboratory of Animal Hygiene, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
- Transboundary Animal Diseases Research Center, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
- United Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Matsui
- Kagoshima Crane Conservation Committee, Izumi, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Keizo Tomonaga
- Laboratory of RNA Viruses, Department of Virus Research, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto, Japan
- Department of Mammalian Regulatory Network, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- Department of Molecular Virology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tadashi Imanishi
- Department of Molecular Life Science, Tokai University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Kawaoka
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- Department of Special Pathogens, International Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tokiko Watanabe
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Masayuki Horie
- Laboratory of RNA Viruses, Department of Virus Research, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto, Japan.
- Hakubi Center for Advanced Research, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan.
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Mat Isa N, Mohd Ayob J, Ravi S, Mustapha NA, Ashari KS, Bejo MH, Omar AR, Ideris A. Complete genome sequence of fowl adenovirus-8b UPM04217 isolate associated with the inclusion body hepatitis disease in commercial broiler chickens in Malaysia reveals intermediate evolution. Virusdisease 2019; 30:426-432. [PMID: 31803810 DOI: 10.1007/s13337-019-00530-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2018] [Accepted: 04/21/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The main aim of our study was to explore the genome sequence of the inclusion body hepatitis associated Fowl adenovirus serotype 8b (FAdV-8b) UPM04217 and to study its genomic organisation. The nucleotide sequence of the whole genome of FAdV-8b UPM04217 was determined by using the 454 Pyrosequencing platform and the Sanger sequencing method. The complete genome was found to be 44,059 bp long with 57.9% G + C content and shared 97.5% genome identity with the reference FAdV-E genome (HG isolate). Interestingly, the genome analysis using ORF Finder, Glimmer3 and FGENESV predicted a total of 39 open reading frames (ORFs) compared to the FAdV-E HG that possessed 46 ORFs. Fourteen ORFs located within the central genomic region and 16 ORFs located within the left and right ends of the genome were assigned as being the high protein-coding regions. The fusion of the small ORFs at the right end terminal specifically in ORF22 and ORF33 could be the result of gene truncation in the FAdV-E HG. The frame shift mutation in ORF25 and other mutations in ORF13 and ORF17 might have lead to the emergence of genes that could have different functions. Besides, one of the minor capsid components, pVI, in FAdV-8b UPM04217 shared the highest similarity of 93% with that of FAdV-D, while only 47% similarity was found with FAdV-E. From the gene arrangement layout of the FAdV genome, FAdV-8b UPM04217 showed intermediate evolution between the FAdV-E HG and the FAdV-D although it was apparently more similar to the FAdV-E HG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nurulfiza Mat Isa
- 1Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), 43400 Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan Malaysia.,2Laboratory of Vaccines and Immunotherapeutics, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan Malaysia
| | - Juliana Mohd Ayob
- 1Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), 43400 Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan Malaysia
| | - Sharanya Ravi
- 2Laboratory of Vaccines and Immunotherapeutics, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan Malaysia
| | - Nurul Asyifah Mustapha
- 3Department of Biological Functions Engineering, Graduate School of Life Science and Systems Engineering, Kyushu Institute of Technology, Wakamatsu, Kitakyushu, 808-0196 Japan
| | - Khalidah Syahirah Ashari
- 1Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), 43400 Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan Malaysia
| | - Mohd Hair Bejo
- 2Laboratory of Vaccines and Immunotherapeutics, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan Malaysia.,4Department of Veterinary Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Abdul Rahman Omar
- 2Laboratory of Vaccines and Immunotherapeutics, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan Malaysia.,4Department of Veterinary Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Aini Ideris
- 2Laboratory of Vaccines and Immunotherapeutics, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan Malaysia.,5Department of Veterinary Clinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan Malaysia
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10
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Pei Y, Corredor JC, Krell PJ, Nagy É. Fowl adenovirus 9 ORF19, a lipase homolog, is nonessential for virus replication and is suitable for foreign gene expression. Virus Res 2019; 260:129-134. [DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2018.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Revised: 12/01/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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11
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Deep analysis of Loop L1 HVRs1-4 region of the hexon gene of adenovirus field strains isolated in Poland. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0207668. [PMID: 30481218 PMCID: PMC6258537 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0207668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Background To date, studies on loop L1 HVRs1-4 region of the hexon gene in fowl adenovirus genome (FAdVs) lack comprehensive molecular data. In this study detailed prospectively obtained sequences from field adenovirus strains, NVRI, Poland have been analyzed. Methods Overall hundred and thirty seven adenovirus strains were collected, evaluated, and examined of hyper variable loop L1 region HVRs1-4 of the hexon gene for the presence of similarity, mutations, tertiary structure, and spinal conformation. Results Sequences were characterized, and divided for five species and seven types, FAdV-A-E/FAdV-1/2/4/5/7/8a/8b/11. The presence of predicted tertiary structure depending on type/species were determined. Analysis of specific selected sequences: GQMTN 1/A, 7/E, and 8b/E, GQMTT 2/11/D, GQLSN 4/C, GQMTH 5/B, and GQMSN 8a/E in examined HVRs1-4 Loop L1 region of hexon gene compared to tertiary structure indicated that this visibly conservative region represents the antigenic binging activity. Conclusion This is the first molecular study on tertiary structure on HVRs1-4 region in adenovirus genome conducted in Poland. Analysis indicated specific sequence in Loop L1 HVR1-4 region which is strictly responsible for antibodies binding. This information could assist during the process connected with specific preventive strategies based on their molecular genome investigation and new facilitate studies. This study will help to better understand the mechanisms of pathogenicity of adenovirus strains provide a guide for disease control in birds.
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12
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The Natural Large Genomic Deletion Is Unrelated to the Increased Virulence of the Novel Genotype Fowl Adenovirus 4 Recently Emerged in China. Viruses 2018; 10:v10090494. [PMID: 30217040 PMCID: PMC6165077 DOI: 10.3390/v10090494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2018] [Revised: 09/10/2018] [Accepted: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Since 2015, severe hydropericardium-hepatitis syndrome (HHS), caused by a highly pathogenic fowl adenovirus 4 (FAdV-4), emerged in China. In our previous study, the FAdV-4 has been identified as a novel genotype with a unique 1966-bp nucleotide deletion (1966Del) between open reading frame 42 and 43. In this study, the natural 1966Del was frequently identified among 17 clinical isolates and other reported Chinese clinical strains. To investigate the relationship between 1966Del and the increased virulence of the novel FAdV-4, a CRISPR/Cas9 operating platform for FAdV-4 was developed for the first time in this study. Based on this platform, a Re1966 strain was rescued, inserted the relative 1966Del sequence of a nonpathogenic strain KR5. In the pathogenicity study, the Re1966 strain retained high virulence for specific-pathogen-free chickens, similar to the parental wild-type HLJFAd15, although the survival time of chickens infected with Re1966 was much longer. Therefore, the natural 1966Del was identified as a non-essential site for the increased virulence of the emerged novel FAdV-4. Although further research on the virulence-determining region or point within the genome of the novel FAdV-4 is needed, the CRISPR/Cas9 operating platform for the novel FAdV-4 was developed and successfully applied to edit the genomic DNA for the first time, and it provides a novel powerful tool for both basic virology studies and vaccine vector development of FAdVs.
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13
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Chen Z, Shi S, Qi B, Lin S, Chen C, Zhu C, Huang Y. Hydropericardium syndrome caused by fowl adenovirus serotype 4 in replacement pullets. J Vet Med Sci 2018; 81:245-251. [PMID: 30210093 PMCID: PMC6395197 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.18-0168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Hydropericardium syndrome (HPS) is one of the important emerging diseases causing huge losses to the poultry industry. It affects mainly 3- to 6-week-old broiler chickens and rarely occurs in breeding and laying flocks. Recently, an HPS case was recorded with a sudden heavy mortality in a 100-day-old laying flock. A fowl adenovirus serotype 4 (FAdV-4), named as GDMZ strain, was isolated and identified using polymerase chain reaction coupled with electron microscopy. The animal experiment showed that a mortality of 100% was recorded with hydropericardium as a conspicuous lesion throughout the course of infection. Microscopically, vacuolar changes and intranuclear inclusion bodies were observed in the liver and vacuolar changes were observed in the heart. The complete genome sequence of GDMZ strain was determined to investigate the molecular properties of GDMZ strain. The comparative analysis revealed that the novel Chinese FAdV-4 isolate contained open reading frame (ORF) 19, ORF27, and ORF48 genomic deletions. The phylogenetic analysis revealed that FAdV-4 could be divided into two major clades, of which Chinese FAdV-4 were located at a distinct clade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Chen
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350013, China.,Fujian Animal Diseases Control Technology Development Center, Fuzhou 350013, China.,Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Avian Diseases Control and Prevention, Fuzhou 350013, China
| | - Shaohua Shi
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350013, China.,Fujian Animal Diseases Control Technology Development Center, Fuzhou 350013, China.,Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Avian Diseases Control and Prevention, Fuzhou 350013, China
| | - Baoming Qi
- Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Su Lin
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350013, China.,Fujian Animal Diseases Control Technology Development Center, Fuzhou 350013, China.,Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Avian Diseases Control and Prevention, Fuzhou 350013, China
| | - Cuiteng Chen
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350013, China.,Fujian Animal Diseases Control Technology Development Center, Fuzhou 350013, China.,Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Avian Diseases Control and Prevention, Fuzhou 350013, China
| | - Chunhua Zhu
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350013, China.,Fujian Animal Diseases Control Technology Development Center, Fuzhou 350013, China.,Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Avian Diseases Control and Prevention, Fuzhou 350013, China
| | - Yu Huang
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350013, China.,Fujian Animal Diseases Control Technology Development Center, Fuzhou 350013, China.,Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Avian Diseases Control and Prevention, Fuzhou 350013, China
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14
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Pan Q, Liu L, Gao Y, Liu C, Qi X, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Li K, Gao L, Wang X, Cui H. Characterization of a hypervirulent fowl adenovirus 4 with the novel genotype newly prevalent in China and establishment of reproduction infection model of hydropericardium syndrome in chickens. Poult Sci 2018; 96:1581-1588. [PMID: 28339951 DOI: 10.3382/ps/pew431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2016] [Accepted: 11/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Severe hydropericardium syndrome (HPS) has been present in layers in the northeast of China since June 2015, with mortality rates varying from 30 to 90%. Dead layers had severe hydropericardium with pericardial volumes of 5 to 20 mL, as well as inclusion body hepatitis. Laboratory investigations led to the isolation of a fowl adenovirus strain, HLJFAd15, from the liver tissue of dead layers. Natural deletions of ORF19 and ORF27 were found in this clinical strain by complete genome sequencing, which was identified with the novel genotype recently prevalent in China. The pathogenicity characterization was conducted in 35-day-old SPF chickens using HLJFAd15 with novel genotype of fowl adenovirus serotype 4 (FAdV-4). The reproduction disease cases of HPS with mortality rates of 76.9% by oral administration and 100% by intramuscular injection were induced successfully by challenging SPF chickens, respectively. Non-enveloped viral particles with a mean diameter of approximately 80 nm were found in the livers of virus-infected SPF chickens. Our study revealed that HLJFAd15 was identified with the novel genotype strains recently emerging in China by complete genome sequencing, and the strain was capable of causing HPS by the pathogenicity analysis. However, although there is currently no commercial vaccine against the novel genotype FAdV-4, the animal infection model established in this study was valuable for vaccine evaluation and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q Pan
- Division of Avian Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - L Liu
- Division of Avian Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Y Gao
- Division of Avian Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - C Liu
- Division of Avian Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - X Qi
- Division of Avian Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Y Zhang
- Division of Avian Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Y Wang
- Division of Avian Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - K Li
- Division of Avian Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - L Gao
- Division of Avian Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - X Wang
- Division of Avian Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, 150001, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - H Cui
- Division of Avian Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, 150001, China
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15
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Pei Y, Corredor JC, Griffin BD, Krell PJ, Nagy É. Fowl Adenovirus 4 (FAdV-4)-Based Infectious Clone for Vaccine Vector Development and Viral Gene Function Studies. Viruses 2018; 10:E97. [PMID: 29495283 PMCID: PMC5850404 DOI: 10.3390/v10020097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2018] [Revised: 02/14/2018] [Accepted: 02/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Fowl adenovirus 4 (FAdV-4) is associated with economically important poultry diseases. Recent studies of fully sequenced genomes of FAdV-4 isolates suggest potential genomic regions associated with virulence and amenable for manipulation and vector development. Direct manipulation of viral genomes is cumbersome, as opposed to that of infectious clones-viral genomes cloned into plasmid or cosmid vectors. In this work, we generated an infectious clone, pFAdV-4 ON1, containing the entire viral genome of a nonpathogenic FAdV-4 (ON1 isolate). pFAdV-4 ON1 was used for targeted deletion of open reading frames (ORFs) 16 and 17 and replacement with the enhanced green fluorescence protein (EGFP) expression cassette to generate recombinant viruses. These viruses were viable, and EGFP was expressed in infected cells. Their replication, however, was significantly reduced with respect to that of the wild-type virus. These observations suggest the potential utility of FAdV-4 as a vaccine vector and the importance of ORFs 16 and 17 for virus replication at wild-type levels. To our knowledge, this is the first report of an infectious clone based on the FAdV-4 genome, and our results demonstrate its utility for studies of virulence determinants and as a platform for either vaccine or gene delivery vectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanlong Pei
- Department of Pathobiology, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada.
| | - Juan C Corredor
- Department of Pathobiology, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada.
| | - Bryan D Griffin
- Department of Pathobiology, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada.
| | - Peter J Krell
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada.
| | - Éva Nagy
- Department of Pathobiology, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada.
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16
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Pei Y, Krell PJ, Nagy É. Generation and characterization of a fowl adenovirus 9 dual-site expression vector. J Biotechnol 2018; 266:102-110. [PMID: 29269248 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2017.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2017] [Revised: 12/05/2017] [Accepted: 12/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Fowl adenoviruses (FAdVs) are widely considered as excellent platforms for vaccine development and gene therapy. We improved on our right-end partial TR-2 deleted or a left-end 2.3 kb deleted vectors by developing a single, dual-site delivery vector. We demonstrated that, in addition to ORF11, the right end ORF17 is also dispensable. To further improve the capacity and flexibility of the FAdV-9 based vector system, we generated an infectious recombinant FAdV-9 dual-site expression clone lacking 1.9 kb of the left end and replaced with mCherry under the control of a native promoter, and 3.6 kb of the right-end replaced with an EGFP expression cassette. Five intermediate FAdmid clones were successfully constructed: a) pFAdV-9Δ0-2RED (mCherry replacing the left end 2.2 kb ORF0 to 2); b) pFAdV-9RED (mCherry replacing the left end 1.9 kb ORF1 to 2); c) pFAdV-9Δ17 (deletion of ORF17 and 393 bp downstream untranslated region); d) pFAdV-9GFP (EGFP expression cassette replacing the right end 3.6 kb) and e) pFAdV-9Dual (both mCherry in the left end and the EGFP expression cassette in the right end of our vector). Our novel FAdV-9 dual-site vaccine vector, produced infectious virus and expressed either one or both mCherry and EGFP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanlong Pei
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Peter J Krell
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Éva Nagy
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, N1G 2W1, Canada.
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17
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Niczyporuk JS. Molecular characterisation of fowl adenovirus type 7 isolated from poultry associated with inclusion body hepatitis in Poland. Arch Virol 2017; 162:1325-1333. [PMID: 28160143 PMCID: PMC5387021 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-017-3240-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2016] [Accepted: 01/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The fowl adenovirus field strain FAdV-JSN-5/10j (GenBank accession number KP879219) was isolated from the intestine of a 7-week-old chicken diagnosed with inclusion body hepatitis and simultaneously with Marek’s disease, and for that reason, it was chosen for molecular study. It was identified as fowl adenovirus genotype 7 (species Fowl aviadenovirus E) based on nucleotide sequence analysis of the loop L1 region of the hexon gene. Nucleotide sequence alignment of this strain, FAdV-7 reference strains B-3A ATCC VR-832 (AF339922) and YR36 (AF508955), and eight additional FAdV-7 field strains confirmed its classification as FAdV-JS-5/10j and showed that these viruses are very similar to each other. Additionally, we described mutations and their influence on the amino acid sequence, nucleotide composition, and relative synonymous codon usage. Immunofluorescence of cell cultures infected with 104.5 TCID 50 per 0.1-ml dose of the FAdV-JSN-5/10j strain demonstrated the presence of a cytopathic effect. Infection of fowl with adenoviruses raises concerns for poultry production, and thus, the efficient detection of adenovirus infection is crucial. This is the first attempt to describe the molecular characteristics of FadV-7 strains isolated in Poland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jowita Samanta Niczyporuk
- Department of Poultry Viral Disease, National Veterinary Research Institute, Partyzantów 57 Avenue, 24-100, Pulawy, Poland.
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18
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Absalón AE, Morales-Garzón A, Vera-Hernández PF, Cortés-Espinosa DV, Uribe-Ochoa SM, García LJ, Lucio-Decanini E. Complete genome sequence of a non-pathogenic strain of Fowl Adenovirus serotype 11: Minimal genomic differences between pathogenic and non-pathogenic viruses. Virology 2016; 501:63-69. [PMID: 27865971 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2016.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2016] [Revised: 10/31/2016] [Accepted: 11/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we conducted the clinicopathological characterization of a non-pathogenic FAdV-D serotype 11 strain MX95, isolated from healthy chickens, and its entire genome was sequenced. Experiments in SPF chickens revealed that the strain is a non-pathogenic virus that did not cause death at challenge doses of 1×106 TCID50. Additionally, the infection in SPF chickens caused no apparent damage in most of the organs analyzed by necropsy and histopathology, but it did cause inclusion body hepatitis; nevertheless it did not generate severe infectious clinical symptoms. The virus was detected in several chicken organs, including the lymphoid organs, by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) until 42 days. The genome of FAdV-11 MX95 has a size of 44,326bp, and it encodes 36 open reading frames (ORFs). Comparative analysis of the genome indicated only 0.8% dissimilarity with a highly virulent serotype 11 that was previously reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angel E Absalón
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Centro de Investigación en Biotecnología Aplicada-Unidad Tlaxcala, Carr. Est. Santa Inés Tecuexcomac-Tepetitla Km. 1.5, Tepetitla, Tlaxcala CP 90700, Mexico.
| | - Andrés Morales-Garzón
- Investigación Aplicada S.A. de C.V., 7 Norte No. 416 Col. Centro, Tehuacán, Puebla CP 75740, Mexico
| | - Pedro F Vera-Hernández
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Centro de Investigación en Biotecnología Aplicada-Unidad Tlaxcala, Carr. Est. Santa Inés Tecuexcomac-Tepetitla Km. 1.5, Tepetitla, Tlaxcala CP 90700, Mexico
| | - Diana V Cortés-Espinosa
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Centro de Investigación en Biotecnología Aplicada-Unidad Tlaxcala, Carr. Est. Santa Inés Tecuexcomac-Tepetitla Km. 1.5, Tepetitla, Tlaxcala CP 90700, Mexico
| | - Sara M Uribe-Ochoa
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Centro de Investigación en Biotecnología Aplicada-Unidad Tlaxcala, Carr. Est. Santa Inés Tecuexcomac-Tepetitla Km. 1.5, Tepetitla, Tlaxcala CP 90700, Mexico
| | - Laura J García
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Centro de Investigación en Biotecnología Aplicada-Unidad Tlaxcala, Carr. Est. Santa Inés Tecuexcomac-Tepetitla Km. 1.5, Tepetitla, Tlaxcala CP 90700, Mexico
| | - Eduardo Lucio-Decanini
- Investigación Aplicada S.A. de C.V., 7 Norte No. 416 Col. Centro, Tehuacán, Puebla CP 75740, Mexico
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19
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Marek A, Kaján GL, Kosiol C, Benkő M, Schachner A, Hess M. Genetic diversity of species Fowl aviadenovirus D and Fowl aviadenovirus E. J Gen Virol 2016; 97:2323-2332. [DOI: 10.1099/jgv.0.000519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Marek
- Clinic for Poultry and Fish Medicine, Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, Vetmeduni Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Győző L. Kaján
- Institute for Veterinary Medical Research, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Carolin Kosiol
- Institut für Populationsgenetik, Vetmeduni Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Mária Benkő
- Institute for Veterinary Medical Research, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Anna Schachner
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Innovative Poultry Vaccines, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael Hess
- Clinic for Poultry and Fish Medicine, Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, Vetmeduni Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Innovative Poultry Vaccines, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
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20
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Vera-Hernández PF, Morales-Garzón A, Cortés-Espinosa DV, Galiote-Flores A, García-Barrera LJ, Rodríguez-Galindo ET, Toscano-Contreras A, Lucio-Decanini E, Absalón AE. Clinicopathological characterization and genomic sequence differences observed in a highly virulent fowlAviadenovirusserotype 4. Avian Pathol 2016; 45:73-81. [DOI: 10.1080/03079457.2015.1125443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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21
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Abstract
Many nonhuman adenoviruses (AdVs) of simian, bovine, porcine, canine, ovine, murine, and fowl origin are being developed as gene delivery systems for recombinant vaccines and gene therapy applications. In addition to circumventing preexisting human AdV (HAdV) immunity, nonhuman AdV vectors utilize coxsackievirus-adenovirus receptor or other receptors for vector internalization, thereby expanding the range of cell types that can be targeted. Nonhuman AdV vectors also provide excellent platforms for veterinary vaccines. A specific nonhuman AdV vector when used in its species of origin could provide an excellent animal model for evaluating the vector efficacy and pathogenesis. These vectors are useful in prime–boost approaches with other AdV vectors or with other gene delivery systems including DNA immunization and viral or bacterial vectors. When multiple vector inoculations are required, nonhuman AdV vectors could supplement HAdV or other viral vectors.
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22
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Pei Y, Griffin B, de Jong J, Krell PJ, Nagy É. Rapid generation of fowl adenovirus 9 vectors. J Virol Methods 2015; 223:75-81. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2015.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2015] [Revised: 07/03/2015] [Accepted: 07/29/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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23
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Marek A, Ballmann MZ, Kosiol C, Harrach B, Schlötterer C, Hess M. Whole-genome sequences of two turkey adenovirus types reveal the existence of two unknown lineages that merit the establishment of novel species within the genus Aviadenovirus. J Gen Virol 2014; 95:156-170. [DOI: 10.1099/vir.0.057711-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
There are eight species established for aviadenoviruses: Fowl adenovirus A–E, Goose adenovirus A, Falcon adenovirus A and Turkey adenovirus B. The aim of this study was to sequence and analyse the complete genomes of turkey adenovirus 4 (TAdV-4) and TAdV-5 (strain 1277BT) in addition to almost two-thirds of the genome of another TAdV-5 strain (strain D1648). By applying next-generation sequencing, the full genomes were found to be 42 940 and 43 686 bp and the G+C content was 48.5 and 51.6 mol% for TAdV-4 and TAdV-5, respectively. One fiber gene was identified in TAdV-4, whereas two fiber genes were found in TAdV-5. The genome organization of TAdV-4 resembled that of fowl adenovirus 5 (FAdV-5), but it had ORF1C near the left end of the genome. TAdV-4 also had five 123 bp tandem repeats followed by five 33 bp tandem repeats, but they occurred before and not after ORF8, as in several fowl adenoviruses. The genome organization of TAdV-5 was almost the same as that of FAdV-1 but with a possible difference in the splicing pattern of ORF11 and ORF26. Phylogenetic analyses and G+C content showed differences that seem to merit the establishment of two new species within the genus Aviadenovirus: Turkey adenovirus C (for TAdV-4) and Turkey adenovirus D (for TAdV-5). Our analyses suggest a common evolutionary origin of TAdV-5 and FAdV-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Marek
- Clinic for Avian, Reptile and Fish Medicine, Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| | - Mónika Z. Ballmann
- Institute for Veterinary Medical Research, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Carolin Kosiol
- Institut für Populationsgenetik, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| | - Balázs Harrach
- Institute for Veterinary Medical Research, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | | | - Michael Hess
- Clinic for Avian, Reptile and Fish Medicine, Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
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Comparison of fiber gene sequences of inclusion body hepatitis (IBH) and non-IBH strains of serotype 8 and 11 fowl adenoviruses. Virus Genes 2013; 48:74-80. [PMID: 24142408 DOI: 10.1007/s11262-013-0995-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2013] [Accepted: 10/11/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Fowl adenoviruses (FAdVs) are common in broiler operations, and the most frequently isolated FAdVs belong to serotypes 1, 8, and 11. Serotype 1 viruses are considered nonpathogenic. While some serotype 8 and 11 viruses cause inclusion body hepatitis (IBH), these virus serotypes can also be isolated from non-IBH cases. The fiber protein is one of the major constituents of the adenoviral capsid, involved in virus entry, and it has been implicated in the variation of virulence of FAdVs. The fiber gene sequences of four FAdV-8 and four FAdV-11 isolates from both IBH and non-IBH cases were determined and analyzed for a possible association of the fiber gene sequence in virulence. The fiber protein can be divided into tail, shaft, and head domains comprising some specific features. The conserved "RKRP" sequence motif (aa 17-aa 20) fit the consensus sequence predicted for the nuclear localization signal, while the "VYPF" motif (aa 53-aa 56), involved in the penton base interaction, was also found. Similar to mammalian adenoviruses, 17 pseudo-repeats with an average length of 16 aa were detected in the FAdV-8 fiber shaft region, while 20 pseudo-repeats with an average length of 18 aa were found in FAdV-11 fibers. There was a 144-147 nt difference between the fiber genes of the two FAdV serotypes. In the shaft region, the TLWT motif that marks the beginning of the fiber head domain of the mastadenovirus was not evident among examined FAdVs. The FAdV-11 isolates had 99.1 % aa sequence identity and 99.3 % similarity to each other, and there was no conserved aa substitution within the fibers. The FAdV-8 fiber proteins showed an overall lower, 89 % aa sequence identity and 93.4 % similarity, to each other and 22 nonsynonymous mutations were detected. Virulence markers were not detected in the analyzed fiber gene sequences of the different pathotypes of the two FAdV serotypes.
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Marek A, Kosiol C, Harrach B, Kaján GL, Schlötterer C, Hess M. The first whole genome sequence of a Fowl adenovirus B strain enables interspecies comparisons within the genus Aviadenovirus. Vet Microbiol 2013; 166:250-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2013.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2013] [Revised: 05/10/2013] [Accepted: 05/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Kaján GL, Davison AJ, Palya V, Harrach B, Benkő M. Genome sequence of a waterfowl aviadenovirus, goose adenovirus 4. J Gen Virol 2012; 93:2457-2465. [DOI: 10.1099/vir.0.042028-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
We present, to our knowledge, the first complete genome sequence of a waterfowl aviadenovirus, goose adenovirus (GoAdV) strain P29, and an analysis of its genetic content in comparison with five published aviadenovirus genome sequences. Of the 35 genes predicted to encode functional proteins, the central region of the genome contains 19 (IVa2 to fiber-2) that were inherited from the ancestor of all known adenoviruses. Of the remaining genes, nine have orthologues only in aviadenoviruses and seven lack orthologues in any adenovirus. We also obtained limited sequence data for a pathogenic GoAdV strain D1036/08. Phylogenetic analyses placed the two GoAdV strains monophyletically in the genus Aviadenovirus. We propose designating strains P29 and D1036/08 as GoAdV-4 and GoAdV-5, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Győző L. Kaján
- Institute for Veterinary Medical Research, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, PO Box 18, H-1581 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Andrew J. Davison
- MRC – University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research, 8 Church Street, Glasgow, G11 5JR, UK
| | - Vilmos Palya
- CEVA-Phylaxia Inc., Szállás u. 5, H-1107 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Balázs Harrach
- Institute for Veterinary Medical Research, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, PO Box 18, H-1581 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Mária Benkő
- Institute for Veterinary Medical Research, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, PO Box 18, H-1581 Budapest, Hungary
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Marek A, Nolte V, Schachner A, Berger E, Schlötterer C, Hess M. Two fiber genes of nearly equal lengths are a common and distinctive feature of Fowl adenovirus C members. Vet Microbiol 2012; 156:411-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2011.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2011] [Revised: 10/25/2011] [Accepted: 11/01/2011] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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Corredor JC, Nagy É. Antibody Response and Virus Shedding of Chickens Inoculated with Left End Deleted Fowl Adenovirus 9-Based Recombinant Viruses. Avian Dis 2011; 55:443-6. [DOI: 10.1637/9710-031311-reg.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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29
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Griffin BD, Nagy É. Coding potential and transcript analysis of fowl adenovirus 4: insight into upstream ORFs as common sequence features in adenoviral transcripts. J Gen Virol 2011; 92:1260-1272. [PMID: 21430092 DOI: 10.1099/vir.0.030064-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Recombinant fowl adenoviruses (FAdVs) have been successfully used as veterinary vaccine vectors. However, insufficient definitions of the protein-coding and non-coding regions and an incomplete understanding of virus-host interactions limit the progress of next-generation vectors. FAdVs are known to cause several diseases of poultry. Certain isolates of species FAdV-C are the aetiological agent of inclusion body hepatitis/hydropericardium syndrome (IBH/HPS). In this study, we report the complete 45667 bp genome sequence of FAdV-4 of species FAdV-C. Assessment of the protein-coding potential of FAdV-4 was carried out with the Bio-Dictionary-based Gene Finder together with an evaluation of sequence conservation among species FAdV-A and FAdV-D. On this basis, 46 potentially protein-coding ORFs were identified. Of these, 33 and 13 ORFs were assigned high and low protein-coding potential, respectively. Homologues of the ancestral adenoviral genes were, with few exceptions, assigned high protein-coding potential. ORFs that were unique to the FAdVs were differentiated into high and low protein-coding potential groups. Notable putative genes with high protein-coding capacity included the previously unreported fiber 1, hypothetical 10.3K and hypothetical 10.5K genes. Transcript analysis revealed that several of the small ORFs less than 300 nt in length that were assigned low coding potential contributed to upstream ORFs (uORFs) in important mRNAs, including the ORF22 mRNA. Subsequent analysis of the previously reported transcripts of FAdV-1, FAdV-9, human adenovirus 2 and bovine adenovirus 3 identified widespread uORFs in AdV mRNAs that have the potential to act as important translational regulatory elements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryan D Griffin
- Department of Pathobiology, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road East, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Éva Nagy
- Department of Pathobiology, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road East, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
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Grgić H, Yang DH, Nagy E. Pathogenicity and complete genome sequence of a fowl adenovirus serotype 8 isolate. Virus Res 2011; 156:91-7. [PMID: 21237223 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2011.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2010] [Revised: 01/05/2011] [Accepted: 01/05/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
In this study we determined and analyzed the complete nucleotide sequence of the genome of a fowl adenovirus serotype 8 (FAdV-8) isolate and examined its pathogenicity in chickens. The full genome of FAdV-8 was 44,055 nucleotides in length with a similar organization to that of FAdV-1 and FAdV-9 genomes. No regions homologous to early regions E1, E3 and E4 of mastadenoviruses were recognized. Along with FAdV-9, FAdV-8 has only one fiber gene and with regard to sequence composition and genome organization, FAdV-8 is closer to FAdV-9 than to FAdV-1. Moreover, our findings suggest that FAdV-1 of species Fowl adenovirus A as the current type species despite its historical priority is not representative of the genus Aviadenovirus, and that FAdV-8 or FAdV-9 in species Fowl adenovirus E and Fowl adenovirus D, respectively, would be more suitable for that designation. Additionally, pathogenicity of FAdV-8 was studied in specific pathogen free chickens following oral and intramuscular inoculations. Despite lack of clinical signs and pathological changes virus was found in tissues and cloacal swabs of all birds with the highest viral copy numbers present in the cecal tonsils. The highest virus titers in the feces for orally and intramuscularly inoculated chickens were recorded at days 10 and 3 post-infection, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena Grgić
- Department of Pathobiology, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1, Canada
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Kaján GL, Stefancsik R, Ursu K, Palya V, Benkő M. The first complete genome sequence of a non-chicken aviadenovirus, proposed to be turkey adenovirus 1. Virus Res 2010; 153:226-33. [DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2010.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2010] [Revised: 08/06/2010] [Accepted: 08/06/2010] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Corredor JC, Nagy E. The non-essential left end region of the fowl adenovirus 9 genome is suitable for foreign gene insertion/replacement. Virus Res 2010; 149:167-74. [PMID: 20132849 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2010.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2009] [Revised: 01/26/2010] [Accepted: 01/26/2010] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The goals of this study were to demonstrate that a non-essential region at the left end of the fowl adenovirus 9 (FAdV-9) genome could be used to generate recombinant viruses, examine their in vitro growth characteristics and determine their ability to transduce non-avian cells. Three FAdV-9 vectors (rFAdV-9s) were generated carrying the enhanced-green fluorescent protein (EGFP) gene: FAdV-9inEGFP, FAdV-9 Delta 1-EGFP and FAdV-9 Delta 4-EGFP. FAdV-9inEGFP carried the EGFP cassette inserted into the non-essential region without deletion resulting in an increase of the genome size to 103.7% of the wild-type. FAdV-9 Delta 1-EGFP and FAdV-9 Delta 4-EGFP (rFAdV-9 Delta s) carried the EGFP cassette replacing the non-essential sequences at nucleotides 1194-2342 and 491-2782, respectively. All rFAdV-9s had wild-type growth kinetics and plaque morphology. The rFAdV-9 Delta s replicated in CH-SAH cells with the same titers as the wild-type virus. The FAdV-9inEGFP titers were approximately 1 log lower than those of rFAdV-9 Delta s and wt FAdV-9 at 36 and 48 h post-infection (h.p.i.). EGFP was expressed in avian and mammalian cells infected with rFAdV-9s. EGFP expression, based on spectrofluorometry, was significantly higher in chicken hepatoma cells infected with FAdV-9inEGFP than in those with rFAdV-9 Delta s at 18 and 24h.p.i, suggesting a functional role of some or all non-essential ORFs on foreign gene expression. This study demonstrated the suitability of the non-essential region as an insertion/replacement site for foreign genes to generate FAdV-9-based vectors that can be applied as recombinant vaccines for poultry or gene delivery vehicles for mammalian systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Carlos Corredor
- Department of Pathobiology, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road East, Guelph, Ontario, N1G 2W1 Canada
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Kovács ER, Jánoska M, Dán A, Harrach B, Benko M. Recognition and partial genome characterization by non-specific DNA amplification and PCR of a new siadenovirus species in a sample originating from Parus major, a great tit. J Virol Methods 2009; 163:262-8. [PMID: 19854219 DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2009.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2009] [Revised: 10/08/2009] [Accepted: 10/13/2009] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A seemingly novel siadenovirus species was detected by PCR and sequencing in the sample of a great tit (Parus major) found dead in Hungary. Since the genus Siadenovirus has very few known members so far, further study of the virus was intriguing not only from epizootiological but also from taxonomical aspects. The sample, which had been tested in another PCR survey previously, consisted of less than 50 microl of extracted nucleic acid. To ensure sufficient target DNA for an extended study, the viral genome had to be preserved. To this end, the sample was subjected to a novel method of non-specific DNA amplification. Using the amplified DNA as target, different PCR and sequencing strategies were applied with consensus or specific primers for the study of the central genome part of the putative tit adenovirus. The sequence of supposedly one half (13,628 bp) of the genome was determined including eight full genes between the genes of the IVa2 and hexon proteins. The gene content of the viral genome fragment as well as the results of the phylogenetic analyses with different proteins confirmed the discovery of a new species in the genus Siadenovirus. This is the first report on the detection of an adenovirus in great tits. The methods, described in this work, proved suitable for the recovery of nucleic acid samples that contain irreplaceable microbial genomic DNA but are only available in limited quantities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Endre R Kovács
- Veterinary Medical Research Institute, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 18, H-1581 Budapest, Hungary.
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34
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Corredor JC, Nagy E. A region at the left end of the fowl adenovirus 9 genome that is non-essential in vitro has consequences in vivo. J Gen Virol 2009; 91:51-8. [DOI: 10.1099/vir.0.013839-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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35
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Detection and quantitation of fowl adenovirus genome by a real-time PCR assay. J Virol Methods 2009; 159:58-63. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2009.02.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2008] [Revised: 02/18/2009] [Accepted: 02/23/2009] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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36
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Confirmation of a novel siadenovirus species detected in raptors: partial sequence and phylogenetic analysis. Virus Res 2008; 140:64-70. [PMID: 19061925 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2008.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2008] [Revised: 11/05/2008] [Accepted: 11/07/2008] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Partial genome characterisation of a novel adenovirus, found recently in organ samples of multiple species of dead birds of prey, was carried out by sequence analysis of PCR-amplified DNA fragments. The virus, named as raptor adenovirus 1 (RAdV-1), has originally been detected by a nested PCR method with consensus primers targeting the adenoviral DNA polymerase gene. Phylogenetic analysis with the deduced amino acid sequence of the small PCR product has implied a new siadenovirus type present in the samples. Since virus isolation attempts remained unsuccessful, further characterisation of this putative novel siadenovirus was carried out with the use of PCR on the infected organ samples. The DNA sequence of the central genome part of RAdV-1, encompassing nine full (pTP, 52K, pIIIa, III, pVII, pX, pVI, hexon, protease) and two partial (DNA polymerase and DBP) genes and exceeding 12 kb pairs in size, was determined. Phylogenetic tree reconstructions, based on several genes, unambiguously confirmed the preliminary classification of RAdV-1 as a new species within the genus Siadenovirus. Further study of RAdV-1 is of interest since it represents a rare adenovirus genus of yet undetermined host origin.
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