1
|
Wan J, Wang Z, Wang L, Wu L, Zhang C, Zhou M, Fu ZF, Zhao L. Circular RNA vaccines with long-term lymph node-targeting delivery stability after lyophilization induce potent and persistent immune responses. mBio 2024; 15:e0177523. [PMID: 38078742 PMCID: PMC10790773 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.01775-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccines are a key technology in combating existing and emerging infectious diseases. However, the inherent instability of mRNA and the nonspecificity of lipid nanoparticle-encapsulated (LNP) delivery systems result in the need for cold storage and a relatively short-duration immune response to mRNA vaccines. Herein, we develop a novel vaccine in the form of circRNAs encapsulated in LNPs, and the circular structure of the circRNAs enhances their stability. Lyophilization is considered the most effective method for the long-term preservation of RNA vaccines. However, this process may result in irreversible damage to the nanoparticles, particularly the potential disruption of targeting modifications on LNPs. During the selection of lymph node-targeting ligands, we found that LNPs modified with mannose maintained their physical properties almost unchanged after lyophilization. Additionally, the targeting specificity and immunogenicity remained unaffected. In contrast, even with the addition of cryoprotectants such as sucrose, the physical properties of LNPs were impaired, leading to an obvious decrease in immunogenicity. This may be attributed to the protective role of mannose on the surface of LNPs during lyophilization. Freshly prepared and lyophilized mLNP-circRNA vaccines elicited comparable immune responses in both the rabies virus model and the SARS-CoV-2 model. Our data demonstrated that mLNP-circRNA vaccines elicit robust immune responses while improving stability after lyophilization, with no compromise in tissue targeting specificity. Therefore, mannose-modified LNP-circRNA vaccines represent a promising vaccine design strategy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiawu Wan
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine of Hubei Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zongmei Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine of Hubei Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Lingli Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine of Hubei Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Liqin Wu
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine of Hubei Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Chengguang Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine of Hubei Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ming Zhou
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine of Hubei Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhen F. Fu
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine of Hubei Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ling Zhao
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine of Hubei Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Brown BD, Fauci AS, Belkaid Y, Merad M. RNA vaccines: A transformational advance. Immunity 2023; 56:2665-2669. [PMID: 38091944 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2023.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
Vaccines have stemmed many infectious diseases, but when SARS-CoV-2 emerged, traditional vaccine development would not have been fast enough. This year's Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine recognizes work that enabled the rapid development of mRNA vaccines, which halted the COVID-19 pandemic. The feat was a product of basic biological insights coupled with technological innovations, which have transformed vaccine design.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brian D Brown
- Icahn Genomics Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA; Lipschultz Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA; Department of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Anthony S Fauci
- Georgetown University, School of Medicine and McCourt School of Public Policy, Washington, DC, USA.
| | - Yasmine Belkaid
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | - Miriam Merad
- Lipschultz Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA; Department of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
de la Fuente J, Mazuecos L, Contreras M. Innovative approaches for the control of ticks and tick-borne diseases. Ticks Tick Borne Dis 2023; 14:102227. [PMID: 37419001 DOI: 10.1016/j.ttbdis.2023.102227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023]
Abstract
Ticks and tick-borne diseases constitute a major threat for human and animal health worldwide. Vaccines for the control of tick infestations and transmitted pathogens still represents a challenge for science and health. Vaccines have evolved with antigens derived from inactivated pathogens to recombinant proteins and vaccinomics approaches. Recently, vaccines for the control of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) have shown the efficacy of new antigen delivery platforms. However, until now only two vaccines based on recombinant Bm86/Bm95 antigens have been registered and commercialized for the control of cattle-tick infestations. Nevertheless, recently new technologies and approaches are under consideration for vaccine development for the control of ticks and tick-borne pathogens. Genetic manipulation of tick commensal bacteria converted enemies into friends. Frankenbacteriosis was used to control tick pathogen infection. Based on these results, the way forward is to develop new paratransgenic interventions and vaccine delivery platforms for the control of tick-borne diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- José de la Fuente
- SaBio, Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos (IREC-CSIC-UCLM-JCCM), Ronda de Toledo s/n, 13005, Ciudad Real, Spain; Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Center for Veterinary Health Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, 74078, USA.
| | - Lorena Mazuecos
- SaBio, Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos (IREC-CSIC-UCLM-JCCM), Ronda de Toledo s/n, 13005, Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Marinela Contreras
- SaBio, Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos (IREC-CSIC-UCLM-JCCM), Ronda de Toledo s/n, 13005, Ciudad Real, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Nandy K, Tamakloe C, Sonenshine DE, Sultana H, Neelakanta G. Anti-tick vaccine candidate subolesin is important for blood feeding and innate immune gene expression in soft ticks. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2023; 17:e0011719. [PMID: 37934730 PMCID: PMC10629623 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0011719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Subolesin is a conserved molecule in both hard and soft ticks and is considered as an effective candidate molecule for the development of anti-tick vaccine. Previous studies have reported the role of subolesin in blood feeding, reproduction, development, and gene expression in hard ticks. However, studies addressing the role of subolesin in soft ticks are limited. In this study, we report that subolesin is not only important in soft tick Ornithodoros turicata americanus blood feeding but also in the regulation of innate immune gene expression in these ticks. We identified and characterized several putative innate immune genes including Toll, Lysozyme precursor (Lp), fibrinogen-domain containing protein (FDP), cystatin and ML-domain containing protein (MLD) in O. turicata americanus ticks. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis revealed the expression of these genes in both O. turicata americanus salivary glands and midgut and in all developmental stages of these soft ticks. Significantly increased expression of fdp was noted in salivary glands and midgut upon O. turicata americanus blood feeding. Furthermore, RNAi-mediated knockdown of O. turicata americanus subolesin expression affected blood feeding and innate immune gene expression in these ticks. Significant downregulation of toll, lp, fdp, cystatin, and mld transcripts was evident in sub-dsRNA-treated ticks when compared to the levels noted in mock-dsRNA-treated control. Collectively, our study not only reports identification and characterization of various innate immune genes in O. turicata americanus ticks but also provides evidence on the role of subolesin in blood feeding and innate immune gene expression in these medically important ticks.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Krittika Nandy
- Department of Biomedical and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Comfort Tamakloe
- Department of Biological Sciences, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia, United States of America
- The University of Queensland- Ochsner Clinical School, Jefferson, Loiusiana, United States of America
| | - Daniel E. Sonenshine
- Department of Biological Sciences, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia, United States of America
- Vector Molecular Biology Section, Laboratory of Malaria and Vector Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Hameeda Sultana
- Department of Biomedical and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Girish Neelakanta
- Department of Biomedical and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Lu J, Wei W, He W. Regulatory perspective for quality evaluation of lipid nanoparticle-based mRNA vaccines in China. Biologicals 2023; 84:101700. [PMID: 37708679 DOI: 10.1016/j.biologicals.2023.101700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, urgent unmet medical needs due to the COVID-19 pandemic have accelerated the application of mRNA technology in vaccine development, leading to some of the first approvals of mRNA vaccines in human history by regulatory agencies around the world. For market authorization, comprehensive chemistry, manufacturing and control (CMC) information is required to assure the safety and quality consistency of mRNA vaccines. Evaluating mRNA vaccines for new virus variants poses a challenge for regulators, given the rapid optimization and development based on prior platform knowledge to accelerate the development process, which is traditionally limited for biological products. Here we summarize the current regulatory considerations of CMC evaluation on mRNA vaccines based on the scientific knowledge available, which will be updated with the advance of mRNA biology and pharmaceutical science.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Lu
- Center for Drug Evaluation, National Medical Products Administration, 128 Jianguo Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Wei
- Center for Drug Evaluation, National Medical Products Administration, 128 Jianguo Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, China.
| | - Wu He
- Center for Drug Evaluation, National Medical Products Administration, 128 Jianguo Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Strasser R. Plant glycoengineering for designing next-generation vaccines and therapeutic proteins. Biotechnol Adv 2023; 67:108197. [PMID: 37315875 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2023.108197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Protein glycosylation has a huge impact on biological processes in all domains of life. The type of glycan present on a recombinant glycoprotein depends on protein intrinsic features and the glycosylation repertoire of the cell type used for expression. Glycoengineering approaches are used to eliminate unwanted glycan modifications and to facilitate the coordinated expression of glycosylation enzymes or whole metabolic pathways to furnish glycans with distinct modifications. The formation of tailored glycans enables structure-function studies and optimization of therapeutic proteins used in different applications. While recombinant proteins or proteins from natural sources can be in vitro glycoengineered using glycosyltransferases or chemoenzymatic synthesis, many approaches use genetic engineering involving the elimination of endogenous genes and introduction of heterologous genes to cell-based production systems. Plant glycoengineering enables the in planta production of recombinant glycoproteins with human or animal-type glycans that resemble natural glycosylation or contain novel glycan structures. This review summarizes key achievements in glycoengineering of plants and highlights current developments aiming to make plants more suitable for the production of a diverse range of recombinant glycoproteins for innovative therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Richard Strasser
- Institute of Plant Biotechnology and Cell Biology, Department of Applied Genetics and Cell Biology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Huffman A, Ong E, Hur J, D’Mello A, Tettelin H, He Y. COVID-19 vaccine design using reverse and structural vaccinology, ontology-based literature mining and machine learning. Brief Bioinform 2022; 23:bbac190. [PMID: 35649389 PMCID: PMC9294427 DOI: 10.1093/bib/bbac190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Rational vaccine design, especially vaccine antigen identification and optimization, is critical to successful and efficient vaccine development against various infectious diseases including coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). In general, computational vaccine design includes three major stages: (i) identification and annotation of experimentally verified gold standard protective antigens through literature mining, (ii) rational vaccine design using reverse vaccinology (RV) and structural vaccinology (SV) and (iii) post-licensure vaccine success and adverse event surveillance and its usage for vaccine design. Protegen is a database of experimentally verified protective antigens, which can be used as gold standard data for rational vaccine design. RV predicts protective antigen targets primarily from genome sequence analysis. SV refines antigens through structural engineering. Recently, RV and SV approaches, with the support of various machine learning methods, have been applied to COVID-19 vaccine design. The analysis of post-licensure vaccine adverse event report data also provides valuable results in terms of vaccine safety and how vaccines should be used or paused. Ontology standardizes and incorporates heterogeneous data and knowledge in a human- and computer-interpretable manner, further supporting machine learning and vaccine design. Future directions on rational vaccine design are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Huffman
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Edison Ong
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Junguk Hur
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Grand Forks, North Dakota 58202, USA
| | - Adonis D’Mello
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute for Genome Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Hervé Tettelin
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute for Genome Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Yongqun He
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
- Unit for Laboratory Animal Medicine, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Center for Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Roh EH, Fromen CA, Sullivan MO. Inhalable mRNA vaccines for respiratory diseases: a roadmap. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2022; 74:104-109. [PMID: 34894574 PMCID: PMC9064875 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2021.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2021] [Revised: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Global implementation of messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccines represents an enormous advance with far-reaching implications for respiratory disease treatment. mRNA vaccines offer exceptional efficacy and versatile capacity to be adapted to new viruses and variants; however, critical questions remain regarding immune persistence and formulation stability. This represents a significant opportunity for developing next-generation, inhaled mRNA vaccines with the ability to drive long-lasting, tissue-specific memory responses needed for rapid recall and immediate local protection. Advances in pulmonary delivery technologies offer potential to overcome translational challenges including design of aerosol-stable and lung-stable formulations, navigation of pulmonary biological barriers, and a lack of predictive models and measurement techniques. We highlight recent advances in each of these challenge areas to illuminate the path to translation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Esther H Roh
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| | - Catherine A Fromen
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA.
| | - Millicent O Sullivan
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Safonova Y, Shin SB, Kramer L, Reecy J, Watson CT, Smith TPL, Pevzner PA. Variations in antibody repertoires correlate with vaccine responses. Genome Res 2022; 32:791-804. [PMID: 35361626 PMCID: PMC8997358 DOI: 10.1101/gr.276027.121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
An important challenge in vaccine development is to figure out why a vaccine succeeds in some individuals and fails in others. Although antibody repertoires hold the key to answering this question, there have been very few personalized immunogenomics studies so far aimed at revealing how variations in immunoglobulin genes affect a vaccine response. We conducted an immunosequencing study of 204 calves vaccinated against bovine respiratory disease (BRD) with the goal to reveal variations in immunoglobulin genes and somatic hypermutations that impact the efficacy of vaccine response. Our study represents the largest longitudinal personalized immunogenomics study reported to date across all species, including humans. To analyze the generated data set, we developed an algorithm for identifying variations of the immunoglobulin genes (as well as frequent somatic hypermutations) that affect various features of the antibody repertoire and titers of neutralizing antibodies. In contrast to relatively short human antibodies, cattle have a large fraction of ultralong antibodies that have opened new therapeutic opportunities. Our study reveals that ultralong antibodies are a key component of the immune response against the costliest disease of beef cattle in North America. The detected variants of the cattle immunoglobulin genes, which are implicated in the success/failure of the BRD vaccine, have the potential to direct the selection of individual cattle for ongoing breeding programs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yana Safonova
- Computer Science and Engineering Department, University of California at San Diego, San Diego, California 92093, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky 40202, USA
- Department of Computer Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA
| | - Sung Bong Shin
- U.S. Meat Animal Research Center, USDA-ARS, Clay Center, Nebraska 68933, USA
| | - Luke Kramer
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - James Reecy
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - Corey T Watson
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky 40202, USA
| | - Timothy P L Smith
- U.S. Meat Animal Research Center, USDA-ARS, Clay Center, Nebraska 68933, USA
| | - Pavel A Pevzner
- Computer Science and Engineering Department, University of California at San Diego, San Diego, California 92093, USA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Gasan TA, Kuipers ME, Roberts GH, Padalino G, Forde-Thomas JE, Wilson S, Wawrzyniak J, Tukahebwa EM, Hoffmann KF, Chalmers IW. Schistosoma mansoni Larval Extracellular Vesicle protein 1 (SmLEV1) is an immunogenic antigen found in EVs released from pre-acetabular glands of invading cercariae. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2021; 15:e0009981. [PMID: 34793443 PMCID: PMC8639091 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0009981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular Vesicles (EVs) are an integral component of cellular/organismal communication and have been found in the excreted/secreted (ES) products of both protozoan and metazoan parasites. Within the blood fluke schistosomes, EVs have been isolated from egg, schistosomula, and adult lifecycle stages. However, the role(s) that EVs have in shaping aspects of parasite biology and/or manipulating host interactions is poorly defined. Herein, we characterise the most abundant EV-enriched protein in Schistosoma mansoni tissue-migrating schistosomula (Schistosoma mansoni Larval Extracellular Vesicle protein 1 (SmLEV1)). Comparative sequence analysis demonstrates that lev1 orthologs are found in all published Schistosoma genomes, yet homologs are not found outside of the Schistosomatidae. Lifecycle expression analyses collectively reveal that smlev1 transcription peaks in cercariae, is male biased in adults, and is processed by alternative splicing in intra-mammalian lifecycle stages. Immunohistochemistry of cercariae using a polyclonal anti-recombinant SmLEV1 antiserum localises this protein to the pre-acetabular gland, with some disperse localisation to the surface of the parasite. S. mansoni-infected Ugandan fishermen exhibit a strong IgG1 response against SmLEV1 (dropping significantly after praziquantel treatment), with 11% of the cohort exhibiting an IgE response and minimal levels of detectable antigen-specific IgG4. Furthermore, mice vaccinated with rSmLEV1 show a slightly reduced parasite burden upon challenge infection and significantly reduced granuloma volumes, compared with control animals. Collectively, these results describe SmLEV1 as a Schistosomatidae-specific, EV-enriched immunogen. Further investigations are now necessary to uncover the full extent of SmLEV1's role in shaping schistosome EV function and definitive host relationships.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas A. Gasan
- Institute of Biological, Environmental & Rural Sciences (IBERS), Aberystwyth University, Edward Llwyd Building, Aberystwyth, United Kingdom
| | - Marije E. Kuipers
- Department of Parasitology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Grisial H. Roberts
- Institute of Biological, Environmental & Rural Sciences (IBERS), Aberystwyth University, Edward Llwyd Building, Aberystwyth, United Kingdom
| | - Gilda Padalino
- Institute of Biological, Environmental & Rural Sciences (IBERS), Aberystwyth University, Edward Llwyd Building, Aberystwyth, United Kingdom
| | - Josephine E. Forde-Thomas
- Institute of Biological, Environmental & Rural Sciences (IBERS), Aberystwyth University, Edward Llwyd Building, Aberystwyth, United Kingdom
| | - Shona Wilson
- University of Cambridge, Department of Pathology, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Jakub Wawrzyniak
- University of Cambridge, Department of Pathology, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | | | - Karl F. Hoffmann
- Institute of Biological, Environmental & Rural Sciences (IBERS), Aberystwyth University, Edward Llwyd Building, Aberystwyth, United Kingdom
| | - Iain W. Chalmers
- Institute of Biological, Environmental & Rural Sciences (IBERS), Aberystwyth University, Edward Llwyd Building, Aberystwyth, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Mouwenda YD, Betouke Ongwe ME, Sonnet F, Stam KA, Labuda LA, De Vries S, Grobusch MP, Zinsou FJ, Honkpehedji YJ, Dejon Agobe JC, Diemert DJ, van Leeuwen R, Bottazzi ME, Hotez PJ, Kremsner PG, Bethony JM, Jochems SP, Adegnika AA, Massinga Loembe M, Yazdanbakhsh M. Characterization of T cell responses to co-administered hookworm vaccine candidates Na-GST-1 and Na-APR-1 in healthy adults in Gabon. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2021; 15:e0009732. [PMID: 34597297 PMCID: PMC8486127 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0009732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Two hookworm vaccine candidates, Na-GST-1 and Na-APR-1, formulated with Glucopyranosyl Lipid A (GLA-AF) adjuvant, have been shown to be safe, well tolerated, and to induce antibody responses in a Phase 1 clinical trial (Clinicaltrials.gov NCT02126462) conducted in Gabon. Here, we characterized T cell responses in 24 Gabonese volunteers randomized to get vaccinated three times with Na-GST-1 and Na-APR-1 at doses of 30μg (n = 8) or 100μg (n = 10) and as control Hepatitis B (n = 6). Blood was collected pre- and post-vaccination on days 0, 28, and 180 as well as 2-weeks after each vaccine dose on days 14, 42, and 194 for PBMCs isolation. PBMCs were stimulated with recombinant Na-GST-1 or Na-APR-1, before (days 0, 28 and 180) and two weeks after (days 14, 42 and 194) each vaccination and used to characterize T cell responses by flow and mass cytometry. A significant increase in Na-GST-1 -specific CD4+ T cells producing IL-2 and TNF, correlated with specific IgG antibody levels, after the third vaccination (day 194) was observed. In contrast, no increase in Na-APR-1 specific T cell responses were induced by the vaccine. Mass cytometry revealed that, Na-GST-1 cytokine producing CD4+ T cells were CD161+ memory cells expressing CTLA-4 and CD40-L. Blocking CTLA-4 enhanced the cytokine response to Na-GST-1. In Gabonese volunteers, hookworm vaccine candidate, Na-GST-1, induces detectable CD4+ T cell responses that correlate with specific antibody levels. As these CD4+ T cells express CTLA-4, and blocking this inhibitory molecules resulted in enhanced cytokine production, the question arises whether this pathway can be targeted to enhance vaccine immunogenicity. Two hookworm vaccine candidate (Na-GST-1 and Na-APR-1) have been tested in Gabonese and found to be safe and to induce antibody response. We aimed to study the cellular immune responses among vaccinated and unvaccinated volunteers. We found that Na-GST-1 induced CD4+ T cell responses (IL-2, TNF) among the vaccinated volunteers that received the high vaccine dose (100 ug). Furthermore Na-GST-1 specific memory T cells were found to express the inhibitory molecule CTLA-4. These responses was not observed in those who received the low dose of the Na-GST-1 vaccine, or those who received Na-APR-1 or HBV. By blocking CTLA-4, we observed an increase in TNF production. Our data suggest that an intervention involving blockage of the CTLA-4 molecule in the vaccinated could be beneficial in endemic settings where vaccine responses have been shown to be lower compared to non-endemic settings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yoanne D. Mouwenda
- Centre de Recherches Médicales de Lambaréné (CERMEL), Lambaréné, Gabon
- Department of Parasitology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden, The Netherlands
- * E-mail:
| | - Madeleine E. Betouke Ongwe
- Centre de Recherches Médicales de Lambaréné (CERMEL), Lambaréné, Gabon
- Department of Parasitology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden, The Netherlands
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique et Technologique (IRET- CENAREST), Libreville, Gabon
| | - Friederike Sonnet
- Department of Parasitology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Koen A. Stam
- Department of Parasitology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Lucja A. Labuda
- Department of Parasitology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Sophie De Vries
- Centre de Recherches Médicales de Lambaréné (CERMEL), Lambaréné, Gabon
- Center of Tropical Medicine and Travel Medicine, Department of Infectious Diseases, Division of Internal Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, (AMC), University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Martin P. Grobusch
- Centre de Recherches Médicales de Lambaréné (CERMEL), Lambaréné, Gabon
- Center of Tropical Medicine and Travel Medicine, Department of Infectious Diseases, Division of Internal Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, (AMC), University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Institut für Tropenmedizin, Universität Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Frejus J. Zinsou
- Centre de Recherches Médicales de Lambaréné (CERMEL), Lambaréné, Gabon
- Institut für Tropenmedizin, Universität Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Yabo J. Honkpehedji
- Centre de Recherches Médicales de Lambaréné (CERMEL), Lambaréné, Gabon
- Institut für Tropenmedizin, Universität Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Jean-Claude Dejon Agobe
- Centre de Recherches Médicales de Lambaréné (CERMEL), Lambaréné, Gabon
- Center of Tropical Medicine and Travel Medicine, Department of Infectious Diseases, Division of Internal Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, (AMC), University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Institut für Tropenmedizin, Universität Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - David J. Diemert
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Tropical Medicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, District of Columbia, United States of America
| | - Remko van Leeuwen
- Amsterdam Institute for Global Development (AIGHD), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Maria E. Bottazzi
- Texas Children’s Hospital Center for Vaccine Development, Departments of Pediatrics and Molecular Virology and Microbiology, National School of Tropical Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Peter J. Hotez
- Texas Children’s Hospital Center for Vaccine Development, Departments of Pediatrics and Molecular Virology and Microbiology, National School of Tropical Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Peter G. Kremsner
- Centre de Recherches Médicales de Lambaréné (CERMEL), Lambaréné, Gabon
- Institut für Tropenmedizin, Universität Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Jeffrey M. Bethony
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Tropical Medicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, District of Columbia, United States of America
| | - Simon P. Jochems
- Department of Parasitology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Ayola A. Adegnika
- Centre de Recherches Médicales de Lambaréné (CERMEL), Lambaréné, Gabon
- Department of Parasitology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden, The Netherlands
- Institut für Tropenmedizin, Universität Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research, Tübingen, Germany
| | | | - Maria Yazdanbakhsh
- Department of Parasitology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Alhashimi M, Elkashif A, Sayedahmed EE, Mittal SK. Nonhuman Adenoviral Vector-Based Platforms and Their Utility in Designing Next Generation of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases. Viruses 2021; 13:1493. [PMID: 34452358 PMCID: PMC8402644 DOI: 10.3390/v13081493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Revised: 07/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Several human adenoviral (Ad) vectors have been developed for vaccine delivery owing to their numerous advantages, including the feasibility of different vector designs, the robustness of elicited immune responses, safety, and scalability. To expand the repertoire of Ad vectors for receptor usage and circumvention of Ad vector immunity, the use of less prevalent human Ad types or nonhuman Ads were explored for vector design. Notably, many nonhuman Ad vectors have shown great promise in preclinical and clinical studies as vectors for vaccine delivery. This review describes the key features of several nonhuman Ad vector platforms and their implications in developing effective vaccines against infectious diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Suresh K. Mittal
- Immunology and Infectious Disease, and Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue Institute for Inflammation, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907-2027, USA; (M.A.); (A.E.); (E.E.S.)
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Sanches RCO, Tiwari S, Ferreira LCG, Oliveira FM, Lopes MD, Passos MJF, Maia EHB, Taranto AG, Kato R, Azevedo VAC, Lopes DO. Immunoinformatics Design of Multi-Epitope Peptide-Based Vaccine Against Schistosoma mansoni Using Transmembrane Proteins as a Target. Front Immunol 2021; 12:621706. [PMID: 33737928 PMCID: PMC7961083 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.621706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Schistosomiasis remains a serious health issue nowadays for an estimated one billion people in 79 countries around the world. Great efforts have been made to identify good vaccine candidates during the last decades, but only three molecules reached clinical trials so far. The reverse vaccinology approach has become an attractive option for vaccine design, especially regarding parasites like Schistosoma spp. that present limitations for culture maintenance. This strategy also has prompted the construction of multi-epitope based vaccines, with great immunological foreseen properties as well as being less prone to contamination, autoimmunity, and allergenic responses. Therefore, in this study we applied a robust immunoinformatics approach, targeting S. mansoni transmembrane proteins, in order to construct a chimeric antigen. Initially, the search for all hypothetical transmembrane proteins in GeneDB provided a total of 584 sequences. Using the PSORT II and CCTOP servers we reduced this to 37 plasma membrane proteins, from which extracellular domains were used for epitope prediction. Nineteen common MHC-I and MHC-II binding epitopes, from eight proteins, comprised the final multi-epitope construct, along with suitable adjuvants. The final chimeric multi-epitope vaccine was predicted as prone to induce B-cell and IFN-γ based immunity, as well as presented itself as stable and non-allergenic molecule. Finally, molecular docking and molecular dynamics foresee stable interactions between the putative antigen and the immune receptor TLR 4. Our results indicate that the multi-epitope vaccine might stimulate humoral and cellular immune responses and could be a potential vaccine candidate against schistosomiasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo C. O. Sanches
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de São João del-Rei, Divinópolis, Brazil
| | - Sandeep Tiwari
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioinformática, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Laís C. G. Ferreira
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de São João del-Rei, Divinópolis, Brazil
| | - Flávio M. Oliveira
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de São João del-Rei, Divinópolis, Brazil
| | - Marcelo D. Lopes
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de São João del-Rei, Divinópolis, Brazil
| | - Maria J. F. Passos
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de São João del-Rei, Divinópolis, Brazil
| | - Eduardo H. B. Maia
- Laboratório de Química Farmacêutica Medicinal, Universidade Federal de São João del-Rei, Divinópolis, Brazil
- Centro Federal de Educação Tecnológica de Minas Gerais (CEFET-MG), Divinópolis, Brazil
| | - Alex G. Taranto
- Laboratório de Química Farmacêutica Medicinal, Universidade Federal de São João del-Rei, Divinópolis, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Kato
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioinformática, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Vasco A. C. Azevedo
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioinformática, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Debora O. Lopes
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de São João del-Rei, Divinópolis, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Abstract
The human IgG3 subclass is conspicuously absent among the formats for approved monoclonal antibody therapies and Fc fusion protein biologics. Concern about the potential for rapid degradation, reduced plasma half-life, and increased immunogenicity due to marked variation in allotypes has apparently outweighed the potential advantages of IgG3, which include high affinity for activating Fcγ receptors, effective complement fixation, and a long hinge that appears better suited for low abundance targets. This review aims to highlight distinguishing features of IgG3 and to explore its functional role in the immune response. We present studies of natural immunity and recombinant antibody therapies that elucidate key contributions of IgG3 and discuss historical roadblocks that no longer remain clearly relevant. Collectively, this body of evidence motivates thoughtful reconsideration of the clinical advancement of this distinctive antibody subclass for treatment of human diseases. Abbreviations: ADCC - Antibody-Dependent Cell-mediated CytotoxicityADE - Antibody-dependent enhancementAID - Activation-Induced Cytidine DeaminaseCH - Constant HeavyCHF - Complement factor HCSR - Class Switch RecombinationEM - Electron MicroscopyFab - Fragment, antigen bindingFc - Fragment, crystallizableFcRn - Neonatal Fc ReceptorFcγR - Fc gamma ReceptorHIV - Human Immunodeficiency VirusIg - ImmunoglobulinIgH - Immunoglobulin Heavy chain geneNHP - Non-Human Primate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thach H. Chu
- Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA
| | - Edward F. Patz
- Department of Radiology and Department of Pharmacology & Cancer Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Abstract
By providing long-term protection against infectious diseases, vaccinations have significantly reduced death and morbidity worldwide. In the 21st century, (bio)technological advances have paved the way for developing prophylactic vaccines that are safer and more effective as well as enabling the use of vaccines as therapeutics to treat human diseases. Here, we provide a focused review of the utility of genetic code expansion as an emerging tool for the development of vaccines. Specifically, we discuss how the incorporation of immunogenic noncanonical amino acids can aid in eliciting immune responses against adverse self-proteins and highlight the potential of an expanded genetic code for the construction of replication-incompetent viruses. We close the review by discussing the future prospects and remaining challenges for the application of these approaches in the development of both prophylactic and therapeutic vaccines in the near future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jelle A. Fok
- Stratingh Institute for ChemistryUniversity of GroningenNijenborgh 49474 AGGroningen (TheNetherlands
| | - Clemens Mayer
- Stratingh Institute for ChemistryUniversity of GroningenNijenborgh 49474 AGGroningen (TheNetherlands
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Kim SW, Ha YJ, Bang KH, Lee S, Yeo JH, Yang HS, Kim TW, Lee KP, Bang WY. Potential of Bacteriocins from Lactobacillus taiwanensis for Producing Bacterial Ghosts as a Next Generation Vaccine. Toxins (Basel) 2020; 12:toxins12070432. [PMID: 32630253 PMCID: PMC7404994 DOI: 10.3390/toxins12070432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacteriocins are functionally diverse toxins produced by most microbes and are potent antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) for bacterial ghosts as next generation vaccines. Here, we first report that the AMPs secreted from Lactobacillus taiwanensis effectively form ghosts of pathogenic bacteria and are identified as diverse bacteriocins, including novel ones. In detail, a cell-free supernatant from L. taiwanensis exhibited antimicrobial activities against pathogenic bacteria and was observed to effectively cause cellular lysis through pore formation in the bacterial membrane using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The treatment of the cell-free supernatant with proteinase K or EDTA proved that the antimicrobial activity is mediated by AMPs, and the purification of AMPs using Sep-Pak columns indicated that the cell-free supernatant includes various amphipathic peptides responsible for the antimicrobial activity. Furthermore, the whole-genome sequencing of L. taiwanensis revealed that the strain has diverse bacteriocins, confirmed experimentally to function as AMPs, and among them are three novel bacteriocins, designated as Tan 1, Tan 2, and Tan 3. We also confirmed, using SEM, that Tan 2 effectively produces bacterial ghosts. Therefore, our data suggest that the bacteriocins from L. taiwanensis are potentially useful as a critical component for the preparation of bacterial ghosts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sam Woong Kim
- Gene Analysis Center, Gyeongnam National University of Science & Technology, Jinju 52725, Korea;
| | - Yeon Jo Ha
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology, Jinju 52725, Korea; (Y.J.H.); (K.H.B.)
| | - Kyu Ho Bang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology, Jinju 52725, Korea; (Y.J.H.); (K.H.B.)
| | - Seungki Lee
- National Institute of Biological Resources (NIBR), Environmental Research Complex, Incheon 22689, Korea; (S.L.); (J.-H.Y.); (H.-S.Y.)
| | - Joo-Hong Yeo
- National Institute of Biological Resources (NIBR), Environmental Research Complex, Incheon 22689, Korea; (S.L.); (J.-H.Y.); (H.-S.Y.)
| | - Hee-Sun Yang
- National Institute of Biological Resources (NIBR), Environmental Research Complex, Incheon 22689, Korea; (S.L.); (J.-H.Y.); (H.-S.Y.)
| | - Tae-Won Kim
- Department of pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea;
| | - Kyu Pil Lee
- Department of physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
- Correspondence: (K.P.L.); (W.Y.B.); Tel.: +82-42-821-6754 (K.P.L.); +82-32-590-7206 (W.Y.B.)
| | - Woo Young Bang
- National Institute of Biological Resources (NIBR), Environmental Research Complex, Incheon 22689, Korea; (S.L.); (J.-H.Y.); (H.-S.Y.)
- Correspondence: (K.P.L.); (W.Y.B.); Tel.: +82-42-821-6754 (K.P.L.); +82-32-590-7206 (W.Y.B.)
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Kennedy RB, Grigorova I. B and Th cell response to Ag in vivo: Implications for vaccine development and diseases. Immunol Rev 2020; 296:5-8. [PMID: 32683786 PMCID: PMC7405089 DOI: 10.1111/imr.12899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Irina Grigorova
- Department of Microbiology and ImmunologyUniversity of Michigan Medical SchoolAnn ArborMIUSA
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Barry MA, Rubin JD, Lu SC. Retargeting adenoviruses for therapeutic applications and vaccines. FEBS Lett 2020; 594:1918-1946. [PMID: 31944286 PMCID: PMC7311308 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.13731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2019] [Revised: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Adenoviruses (Ads) are robust vectors for therapeutic applications and vaccines, but their use can be limited by differences in their in vitro and in vivo pharmacologies. This review emphasizes that there is not just one Ad, but a whole virome of diverse viruses that can be used as therapeutics. It discusses that true vector targeting involves not only retargeting viruses, but importantly also detargeting the viruses from off-target cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael A Barry
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Immunology, Department of Molecular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Jeffrey D Rubin
- Virology and Gene Therapy Graduate Program, Mayo Graduate School, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Shao-Chia Lu
- Virology and Gene Therapy Graduate Program, Mayo Graduate School, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Storni F, Zeltins A, Balke I, Heath MD, Kramer MF, Skinner MA, Zha L, Roesti E, Engeroff P, Muri L, von Werdt D, Gruber T, Cragg M, Mlynarczyk M, Kündig TM, Vogel M, Bachmann MF. Vaccine against peanut allergy based on engineered virus-like particles displaying single major peanut allergens. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2020; 145:1240-1253.e3. [PMID: 31866435 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2019.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Revised: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Peanut allergy is a severe and increasingly frequent disease with high medical, psychosocial, and economic burden for affected patients and wider society. A causal, safe, and effective therapy is not yet available. OBJECTIVE We sought to develop an immunogenic, protective, and nonreactogenic vaccine candidate against peanut allergy based on virus-like particles (VLPs) coupled to single peanut allergens. METHODS To generate vaccine candidates, extracts of roasted peanut (Ara R) or the single allergens Ara h 1 or Ara h 2 were coupled to immunologically optimized Cucumber Mosaic Virus-derived VLPs (CuMVtt). BALB/c mice were sensitized intraperitoneally with peanut extract absorbed to alum. Immunotherapy consisted of a single subcutaneous injection of CuMVtt coupled to Ara R, Ara h 1, or Ara h 2. RESULTS The vaccines CuMVtt-Ara R, CuMVtt-Ara h 1, and CuMVtt-Ara h 2 protected peanut-sensitized mice against anaphylaxis after intravenous challenge with the whole peanut extract. Vaccines did not cause allergic reactions in sensitized mice. CuMVtt-Ara h 1 was able to induce specific IgG antibodies, diminished local reactions after skin prick tests, and reduced the infiltration of the gastrointestinal tract by eosinophils and mast cells after oral challenge with peanut. The ability of CuMVtt-Ara h 1 to protect against challenge with the whole extract was mediated by IgG, as shown via passive IgG transfer. FcγRIIb was required for protection, indicating that immune complexes with single allergens were able to block the allergic response against the whole extract, consisting of a complex allergen mixture. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that vaccination using single peanut allergens displayed on CuMVtt may represent a novel therapy against peanut allergy with a favorable safety profile.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Federico Storni
- Department of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergology, University Hospital Bern, Bern, Switzerland; Department of BioMedical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; Department of Visceral Surgery and Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
| | - Andris Zeltins
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Riga, Latvia
| | - Ina Balke
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Riga, Latvia
| | | | | | | | - Lisha Zha
- International Immunology Center of Anhui Agricultural Center, Anhui, China
| | - Elisa Roesti
- Department of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergology, University Hospital Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Paul Engeroff
- Department of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergology, University Hospital Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Lukas Muri
- Neuroinfection Laboratory, Institute for Infectious Diseases, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Diego von Werdt
- Institute of Pathology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Gruber
- Institute of Pathology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Mark Cragg
- Antibody and Vaccine Group, Centre for Cancer Immunology, Cancer Sciences Unit, Faculty of Medicine, General Hospital, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | | | - Thomas M Kündig
- Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Monique Vogel
- Department of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergology, University Hospital Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Martin F Bachmann
- Department of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergology, University Hospital Bern, Bern, Switzerland; Nuffield Department of Medicine, Centre for Cellular and Molecular Physiology, The Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Zawawi A, Forman R, Smith H, Mair I, Jibril M, Albaqshi MH, Brass A, Derrick JP, Else KJ. In silico design of a T-cell epitope vaccine candidate for parasitic helminth infection. PLoS Pathog 2020; 16:e1008243. [PMID: 32203551 PMCID: PMC7117776 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1008243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Revised: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Trichuris trichiura is a parasite that infects 500 million people worldwide, leading to colitis, growth retardation and Trichuris dysentery syndrome. There are no licensed vaccines available to prevent Trichuris infection and current treatments are of limited efficacy. Trichuris infections are linked to poverty, reducing children's educational performance and the economic productivity of adults. We employed a systematic, multi-stage process to identify a candidate vaccine against trichuriasis based on the incorporation of selected T-cell epitopes into virus-like particles. We conducted a systematic review to identify the most appropriate in silico prediction tools to predict histocompatibility complex class II (MHC-II) molecule T-cell epitopes. These tools were used to identify candidate MHC-II epitopes from predicted ORFs in the Trichuris genome, selected using inclusion and exclusion criteria. Selected epitopes were incorporated into Hepatitis B core antigen virus-like particles (VLPs). Bone marrow-derived dendritic cells and bone marrow-derived macrophages responded in vitro to VLPs irrespective of whether the VLP also included T-cell epitopes. The VLPs were internalized and co-localized in the antigen presenting cell lysosomes. Upon challenge infection, mice vaccinated with the VLPs+T-cell epitopes showed a significantly reduced worm burden, and mounted Trichuris-specific IgM and IgG2c antibody responses. The protection of mice by VLPs+T-cell epitopes was characterised by the production of mesenteric lymph node (MLN)-derived Th2 cytokines and goblet cell hyperplasia. Collectively our data establishes that a combination of in silico genome-based CD4+ T-cell epitope prediction, combined with VLP delivery, offers a promising pipeline for the development of an effective, safe and affordable helminth vaccine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ayat Zawawi
- Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine, and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Ruth Forman
- Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine, and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Hannah Smith
- Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine, and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Iris Mair
- Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine, and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Murtala Jibril
- Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine, and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Munirah H. Albaqshi
- Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine, and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew Brass
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Division of Informatics, Imaging and Data Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Jeremy P. Derrick
- Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine, and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Kathryn J. Else
- Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine, and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Takaiwa F, Yang L, Takagi H, Maruyama N, Wakasa Y, Ozawa K, Hiroi T. Development of Rice-Seed-Based Oral Allergy Vaccines Containing Hypoallergenic Japanese Cedar Pollen Allergen Derivatives for Immunotherapy. J Agric Food Chem 2019; 67:13127-13138. [PMID: 31682438 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b05421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Allergen-specific immunotherapy is the only available curative treatment for IgE-mediated allergen diseases. A safe hypoallergenic allergen derivative with high efficiency is required as a tolerogen to induce immune tolerance to the causitive allergens. In this study, to generate a rice-based oral allergy vaccine for Japanese cedar (JC) pollinosis, the tertiary structures of major JC pollen allergens, Cry j 1 and Cry j 2, were more completely destructed by shuffling than the previous ones without losing immunogenicity and then were specifically expressed in the endosperm of transgenic rice seed. They accumulated at high levels and were deposited in endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and ER-derived protein bodies. The low allergenicity of these deconstructed Cry j 1 and Cry j 2 allergens was evaluated by examining their binding activities to the specific IgE antibody and by the basophil degranulation test.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fumio Takaiwa
- Institute of Agrobiological Sciences , National Agriculture and Food Research Organization Kannondai 2-1-2 , Tsukuba , Ibaraki 305-8602 , Japan
| | - Lijun Yang
- Institute of Agrobiological Sciences , National Agriculture and Food Research Organization Kannondai 2-1-2 , Tsukuba , Ibaraki 305-8602 , Japan
| | - Hidenori Takagi
- Institute of Agrobiological Sciences , National Agriculture and Food Research Organization Kannondai 2-1-2 , Tsukuba , Ibaraki 305-8602 , Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Maruyama
- Division of Agronomy and Horticultural Science, Graduate School of Agriculture , Kyoto University , Gokasho Uji, Kyoto 611-0011 , Japan
| | - Yuhya Wakasa
- Institute of Agrobiological Sciences , National Agriculture and Food Research Organization Kannondai 2-1-2 , Tsukuba , Ibaraki 305-8602 , Japan
| | - Kenjiro Ozawa
- Institute of Agrobiological Sciences , National Agriculture and Food Research Organization Kannondai 2-1-2 , Tsukuba , Ibaraki 305-8602 , Japan
| | - Takachika Hiroi
- Allergy and Immunology Project , Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science , 2-1-6 Kamikitazawa , Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 156-8506 , Japan
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Verma M, Bhatnagar S, Kumari K, Mittal N, Sukhralia S, Gopirajan At S, Dhanaraj PS, Lal R. Highly conserved epitopes of DENV structural and non-structural proteins: Candidates for universal vaccine targets. Gene 2019; 695:18-25. [PMID: 30738967 PMCID: PMC7125761 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2019.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2018] [Revised: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 02/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Dengue is a severe emerging arthropod borne viral disease occurring globally. Around two fifths of the world's population, or up to 3.9 billion people, are at a risk of dengue infection. Infection induces a life-long protective immunity to the homologous serotype but confers only partial and transient protection against subsequent infection caused by other serotypes. Thus, there is a need for a vaccine which is capable of providing a life- long protection against all the serotypes of dengue virus. In our study, comparative genomics of Dengue virus (DENV) was conducted to explore potential candidates for novel vaccine targets. From our analysis we successfully found 100% conserved epitopes in Envelope protein (RCPTQGE); NS3 (SAAQRRGR, PGTSGSPI); NS4A (QRTPQDNQL); NS4B (LQAKATREAQKRA) and NS5 proteins (QRGSGQV) in all DENV serotypes. Some serotype specific conserved motifs were also found in NS1, NS5, Capsid, PrM and Envelope proteins. Using comparative genomics and immunoinformatics approach, we could find conserved epitopes which can be explored as peptide vaccine candidates to combat dengue worldwide. Serotype specific epitopes can also be exploited for rapid diagnostics. All ten proteins are explored to find the conserved epitopes in DENV serotypes, thus making it the most extensively studied viral genome so far.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mansi Verma
- Sri Venkateswara College, South Campus, University of Delhi, New Delhi 110021, India; Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India.
| | - Shradha Bhatnagar
- Sri Venkateswara College, South Campus, University of Delhi, New Delhi 110021, India
| | - Kavita Kumari
- Sri Venkateswara College, South Campus, University of Delhi, New Delhi 110021, India
| | - Nidhi Mittal
- Sri Venkateswara College, South Campus, University of Delhi, New Delhi 110021, India
| | - Shivani Sukhralia
- Sri Venkateswara College, South Campus, University of Delhi, New Delhi 110021, India
| | - Shruthi Gopirajan At
- Sri Venkateswara College, South Campus, University of Delhi, New Delhi 110021, India
| | - P S Dhanaraj
- Sri Venkateswara College, South Campus, University of Delhi, New Delhi 110021, India
| | - Rup Lal
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
YOSHIDA T, WATANABE Y, ISHIURA S. Production of the herb Ruta chalepensis L. expressing amyloid β-GFP fusion protein. Proc Jpn Acad Ser B Phys Biol Sci 2019; 95:295-302. [PMID: 31189782 PMCID: PMC6751298 DOI: 10.2183/pjab.95.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The herb Ruta chalepensis L. exhibits medical effects, such as anti-inflammatory, central nervous system depressant, and antipyretic activities. However, a genetic transformation method has not yet been developed for this species. In this paper, a simple and efficient tissue culture and genetic transformation system for R. chalepensis is reported. An amyloid β-peptide (Aβ) gene, which is considered to be a causative agent of Alzheimer's disease (AD), fused with green-fluorescent protein (GFP), was introduced into R. chalepensis. When the leaves of R. chalepensis expressing Aβ-GFP were administered orally to C57BL/6J mice, serum anti-Aβ antibody titers of several mice were elevated without the use of an adjuvant. These results indicated that an oral vaccine against AD using R. chalepensis may be feasible. R. chalepensis is rich in bioactive compounds that may have synergistic effects with the vaccine for AD. Plant-derived vaccines are safer and cheaper than those produced from animal cells or microbes, because plants can serve as biofactories at low cost and with high biosynthetic capacity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Yuichiro WATANABE
- Department of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shoichi ISHIURA
- Department of Medical Life Systems, Faculty of Life and Medical Sciences, Doshisha University, Kyo-tanabe, Kyoto, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
ISHIURA S, YOSHIDA T. Plant-based vaccines for Alzheimer's disease. Proc Jpn Acad Ser B Phys Biol Sci 2019; 95:290-294. [PMID: 31189781 PMCID: PMC6751297 DOI: 10.2183/pjab.95.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the major causes of chronic and progressive cognitive decline, with the pathological hallmarks of senile plaques and neurofibrillary tangles. Amyloid β peptide (Aβ) is the main component of senile plaques, and the pathological load of Aβ in the brain has been shown to be a marker of the severity of AD. To prevent the accumulation of plaques, novel and safer plant-based vaccine strategies have been suggested. In this review, we summarize the results of plant vaccines against Aβ.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shoichi ISHIURA
- Department of Medical Life Systems, Faculty of Life and Medical Sciences, Doshisha University, Kyotanabe, Kyoto, Japan
| | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Abstract
Interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs) are the effectors of interferon (IFN) actions and play major roles in innate immune defense against microbial infection. During virus infection, ISGs impart antiviral actions to control virus replication and spread but can also contribute to disease pathology if their expression is unchecked. Antiviral ISGs have been identified by a variety of biochemical, genetic, and virologic methods. New computational approaches are expanding and redefining ISGs as responders to a variety of stimuli beyond IFNs, including virus infection, stress, and other events that induce cytokines. These studies reveal that the expression of ISG subsets link to interferon regulatory factors (IRF)s, NF-kB, and other transcription factors that impart gene expression in specific cell types independently of IFNs, including stem cells and other cell types where ISGs are constitutively expressed. Here, we provide a broad overview of ISGs, define virus-induced genes (VSG)s, and discuss the application of computational approaches and bioinformatics platforms to evaluate the functional role of ISGs in epigenetics, immune programming, and vaccine responses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Richard Green
- Department of Immunology and the Center for Innate Immunity and Immune Disease (CIIID), University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
| | - Reneé C Ireton
- Department of Immunology and the Center for Innate Immunity and Immune Disease (CIIID), University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Michael Gale
- Department of Immunology and the Center for Innate Immunity and Immune Disease (CIIID), University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Lee MF, Chiang CH, Li YL, Wang NM, Song PP, Lin SJ, Chen YH. Oral edible plant vaccine containing hypoallergen of American cockroach major allergen Per a 2 prevents roach-allergic asthma in a murine model. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0201281. [PMID: 30059516 PMCID: PMC6066233 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0201281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Accepted: 07/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background American cockroaches (Periplaneta americana) are an important indoor allergen source and a major risk factor for exacerbations and poor control of asthma. We previously reported that allergen components from American cockroaches exhibit varying levels of pathogenicity. Sensitization to major American cockroach allergen, Per a 2, correlated with more severe clinical phenotypes among patients with allergic airway diseases. Materials and methods In this study, we examined whether oral plant vaccine-encoding full-length Per a 2 clone-996 or its hypoallergenic clone-372 could exert a prophylactic role in Per a 2-sensitized mice. The cDNAs coding Per a 2–996 and Per a 2–372 were inserted into TuMV vector and expressed in Chinese cabbage. Adult female BALB/c mice were fed with the cabbage extracts for 21 days and subsequently underwent two-step sensitization with recombinant Per a 2. Results Per a 2-specific IgE measured by in-house ELISA in the sera of Per a 2-372-treated groups were significantly lower than in the control groups after allergen challenge but not the Per a 2-996-treated group. Moreover, Per a 2–372 vaccine markedly decreased airway hyper-responsiveness and infiltration of inflammatory cells into the lungs, as well as reduced mRNA expression of IL-4 and IL-13 in comparison with the control mice. Conclusion Our data suggest that oral administration of edible plant vaccine encoding Per a 2 hypo-allergen may be used as a prophylactic strategy against the development of cockroach allergy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mey-Fann Lee
- Department of Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chu-Hui Chiang
- Department of Plant Medicine, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Lan Li
- Institute of Biotechnology, National Changhua University of Education, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Nancy M. Wang
- Institute of Biotechnology, National Changhua University of Education, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Pong Song
- Department of Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shyh-Jye Lin
- School of Medical Laboratory and Biotechnology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hsing Chen
- Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Faculty of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Guo J, Mondal M, Zhou D. Development of novel vaccine vectors: Chimpanzee adenoviral vectors. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2018; 14:1679-1685. [PMID: 29300685 PMCID: PMC6067905 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2017.1419108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2017] [Revised: 11/16/2017] [Accepted: 12/07/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Adenoviral vector has been employed as one of the most efficient means against infectious diseases and cancer. It can be genetically modified and armed with foreign antigens to elicit specific antibody responses and T cell responses in hosts as well as engineered to induce apoptosis in cancer cells. The chimpanzee adenovirus-based vector is one kind of novel vaccine carriers whose unique features and non-reactivity to pre-existing human adenovirus neutralizing antibodies makes it an outstanding candidate for vaccine research and development. Here, we review the different strategies for constructing chimpanzee adenoviral vectors and their applications in recent clinical trials and also discuss the oncolytic virotherapy and immunotherapy based on chimpanzee adenoviral vectors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jingao Guo
- Vaccine Research Center, Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Moumita Mondal
- Vaccine Research Center, Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dongming Zhou
- Vaccine Research Center, Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Norbury LJ, Basałaj K, Zawistowska-Deniziak A, Sielicka A, Wilkowski P, Wesołowska A, Smooker PM, Wędrychowicz H. Intranasal delivery of a formulation containing stage-specific recombinant proteins of Fasciola hepatica cathepsin L5 and cathepsin B2 triggers an anti-fecundity effect and an adjuvant-mediated reduction in fluke burden in sheep. Vet Parasitol 2018; 258:14-23. [PMID: 30105973 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2018.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2017] [Revised: 05/09/2018] [Accepted: 05/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Fasciola hepatica infection continues to be a major problem in the agriculture sector, particularly in sheep and cattle. Cathepsin L and B proteases are major components of the excretory/secretory material of the parasite, and their roles in several important aspects of parasite invasion and survival has led to their use as targets in rational vaccine design. Previous studies in rats demonstrated that the use of stage-specific antigens, cathepsin B2 and cathepsin L5, as part of a multivalent vaccine, was able to confer significant protection against challenge. In the present study, recombinant versions of cathepsin L5 and cathepsin B2 produced in yeast were used in combination to vaccinate sheep. Intramuscular and intranasal forms of administration were applied, and sheep were subsequently challenged with 150 F. hepatica metacercariae. Intramuscular vaccination was able to induce a strong systemic antibody response against both antigens, but failed to confer significant protection. Conversely, no elevated antibody response was detected against the vaccine antigens following nasal vaccination; however, a reduction in parasite egg viability (>92%) and a statistically significant (p = 0.006), predominantly adjuvant-mediated reduction in worm burdens was observed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luke J Norbury
- Witold Stefański Institute of Parasitology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Twarda 51/55, 00-818 Warsaw, Poland; School of Science, Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology University, Bundoora, Victoria 3083, Australia.
| | - Katarzyna Basałaj
- Witold Stefański Institute of Parasitology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Twarda 51/55, 00-818 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Zawistowska-Deniziak
- Witold Stefański Institute of Parasitology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Twarda 51/55, 00-818 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Alicja Sielicka
- Witold Stefański Institute of Parasitology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Twarda 51/55, 00-818 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Przemysław Wilkowski
- Witold Stefański Institute of Parasitology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Twarda 51/55, 00-818 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Wesołowska
- Witold Stefański Institute of Parasitology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Twarda 51/55, 00-818 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Peter M Smooker
- School of Science, Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology University, Bundoora, Victoria 3083, Australia
| | - Halina Wędrychowicz
- Witold Stefański Institute of Parasitology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Twarda 51/55, 00-818 Warsaw, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Sharma PK, Dmitriev IP, Kashentseva EA, Raes G, Li L, Kim SW, Lu ZH, Arbeit JM, Fleming TP, Kaliberov SA, Goedegebuure SP, Curiel DT, Gillanders WE. Development of an adenovirus vector vaccine platform for targeting dendritic cells. Cancer Gene Ther 2018; 25:27-38. [PMID: 29242639 PMCID: PMC5972836 DOI: 10.1038/s41417-017-0002-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2017] [Revised: 08/04/2017] [Accepted: 08/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Adenoviral (Ad) vector vaccines represent one of the most promising modern vaccine platforms, and Ad vector vaccines are currently being investigated in human clinical trials for infectious disease and cancer. Our studies have shown that specific targeting of adenovirus to dendritic cells dramatically enhanced vaccine efficacy. However, this was achieved using a molecular adapter, thereby necessitating a two component vector approach. To address the mandates of clinical translation of our strategy, we here sought to accomplish the goal of DC targeting with a single-component adenovirus vector approach. To redirect the specificity of Ad vector vaccines, we replaced the Ad fiber knob with fiber-fibritin chimeras fused to DC1.8, a single-domain antibody (sdAb) specific for murine immature DC. We engineered a fiber-fibritin-sdAb chimeric molecule using the coding sequence for DC1.8, and then replaced the native Ad5 fiber knob sequence by homologous recombination. The resulting Ad5 virus, Ad5FF1.8, expresses the chimeric fiber-fibritin sdAb chimera. Infection with Ad5FF1.8 dramatically enhances transgene expression in DC2.4 dendritic cells compared with infection with native Ad5. Ad5FF1.8 infection of bone marrow-derived DC demonstrates that Ad5FF1.8 selectively infects immature DC consistent with the known specificity of DC1.8. Thus, sdAb can be used to selectively redirect the tropism of Ad5 vector vaccines, providing the opportunity to engineer Ad vector vaccines that are specifically targeted to DC, or specific DC subsets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Piyush K Sharma
- Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Igor P Dmitriev
- Cancer Biology Division, Biologic Therapeutics Center, Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Elena A Kashentseva
- Cancer Biology Division, Biologic Therapeutics Center, Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Geert Raes
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
- VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Myeloid Cell Immunology Laboratory, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Lijin Li
- Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Samuel W Kim
- Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Zhi-Hong Lu
- Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Jeffrey M Arbeit
- Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- The Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center, Barnes-Jewish Hospital and Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Timothy P Fleming
- Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- The Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center, Barnes-Jewish Hospital and Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Sergey A Kaliberov
- Cancer Biology Division, Biologic Therapeutics Center, Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - S Peter Goedegebuure
- Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- The Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center, Barnes-Jewish Hospital and Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - David T Curiel
- Cancer Biology Division, Biologic Therapeutics Center, Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
| | - William E Gillanders
- Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- The Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center, Barnes-Jewish Hospital and Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Abstract
Epigraph is a recently developed algorithm that enables the computationally efficient design of single or multi-antigen vaccines to maximize the potential epitope coverage for a diverse pathogen population. Potential epitopes are defined as short contiguous stretches of proteins, comparable in length to T-cell epitopes. This optimal coverage problem can be formulated in terms of a directed graph, with candidate antigens represented as paths that traverse this graph. Epigraph protein sequences can also be used as the basis for designing peptides for experimental evaluation of immune responses in natural infections to highly variable proteins. The epigraph tool suite also enables rapid characterization of populations of diverse sequences from an immunological perspective. Fundamental distance measures are based on immunologically relevant shared potential epitope frequencies, rather than simple Hamming or phylogenetic distances. Here, we provide a mathematical description of the epigraph algorithm, include a comparison of different heuristics that can be used when graphs are not acyclic, and we describe an additional tool we have added to the web-based epigraph tool suite that provides frequency summaries of all distinct potential epitopes in a population. We also show examples of the graphical output and summary tables that can be generated using the epigraph tool suite and explain their content and applications. Published 2017. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA. Statistics in Medicine published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- James Theiler
- Los Alamos National LaboratoryLos Alamos87545NMU.S.A
- New Mexico ConsortiumLos Alamos87545NMU.S.A
| | - Bette Korber
- Los Alamos National LaboratoryLos Alamos87545NMU.S.A
- New Mexico ConsortiumLos Alamos87545NMU.S.A
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Xing L, Fan YT, Zhou TJ, Gong JH, Cui LH, Cho KH, Choi YJ, Jiang HL, Cho CS. Chemical Modification of Chitosan for Efficient Vaccine Delivery. Molecules 2018; 23:E229. [PMID: 29370100 PMCID: PMC6017229 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23020229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2017] [Revised: 01/01/2018] [Accepted: 01/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Chitosan, which exhibits good biocompatibility, safety, microbial degradation and other excellent performances, has found application in all walks of life. In the field of medicine, usage of chitosan for the delivery of vaccine is favored by a wide range of researchers. However, due to its own natural limitations, its application has been constrained to the beginning of study. In order to improve the applicability for vaccine delivery, researchers have carried out various chemical modifications of chitosan. This review summarizes a variety of modification methods and applications of chitosan and its derivatives in the field of vaccine delivery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Diseases, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Ya-Tong Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Tian-Jiao Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Jia-Hui Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Lian-Hua Cui
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture Science, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin 133002, China.
| | - Ki-Hyun Cho
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute for Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea.
| | - Yun-Jaie Choi
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute for Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea.
| | - Hu-Lin Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Diseases, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Chong-Su Cho
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute for Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Rosales-Mendoza S, Monreal-Escalante E, González-Ortega O, Hernández M, Fragoso G, Garate T, Sciutto E. Transplastomic plants yield a multicomponent vaccine against cysticercosis. J Biotechnol 2018; 266:124-132. [PMID: 29253519 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2017.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2017] [Revised: 12/12/2017] [Accepted: 12/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Low cost vaccines against cysticercosis are needed to fight this parasitosis, especially in developing countries. Herein polycistron arrangements were designed to accomplish the simultaneous expression of multiple protective antigens from Taenia solium in the plant cell as an attractive biofactory and delivery vehicle of vaccines. Transplastomic plants carrying synthetic polycistrons were able to simultaneously express the KETc1, KETc7, KETc12, GK1, and TSOL18/HP6-Tsol antigens; which retained their antigenicity and ability to induce humoral responses in BALB/c mice. These clones may be useful for the production of low-cost cysticercosis vaccine prototypes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Rosales-Mendoza
- Laboratorio de Biofarmacéuticos Recombinantes, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Av. Dr. Manuel Nava 6, 78210, SLP. San Luis Potosí. México.
| | - Elizabeth Monreal-Escalante
- Laboratorio de Biofarmacéuticos Recombinantes, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Av. Dr. Manuel Nava 6, 78210, SLP. San Luis Potosí. México
| | - Omar González-Ortega
- Laboratorio de Bioseparaciones, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Av. Dr. Manuel Nava 6, 78210, SLP. San Luis Potosí, México
| | - Marisela Hernández
- Dpto. Inmunología. Instituto De Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma De México. Circuito Escolar. Ciudad Universitaria, C.p. 04510. Ciudad De México, México
| | - Gladis Fragoso
- Dpto. Inmunología. Instituto De Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma De México. Circuito Escolar. Ciudad Universitaria, C.p. 04510. Ciudad De México, México
| | - Teresa Garate
- Dpto. De Parasitología, Centro Nacional De Microbiología, Instituto De Salud Carlos Iii, Majadahonda, 28220, Madrid, Spain
| | - Edda Sciutto
- Dpto. Inmunología. Instituto De Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma De México. Circuito Escolar. Ciudad Universitaria, C.p. 04510. Ciudad De México, México.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Ewer K, Sebastian S, Spencer AJ, Gilbert S, Hill AVS, Lambe T. Chimpanzee adenoviral vectors as vaccines for outbreak pathogens. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2017; 13:3020-3032. [PMID: 29083948 PMCID: PMC5718829 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2017.1383575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2017] [Revised: 09/15/2017] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The 2014-15 Ebola outbreak in West Africa highlighted the potential for large disease outbreaks caused by emerging pathogens and has generated considerable focus on preparedness for future epidemics. Here we discuss drivers, strategies and practical considerations for developing vaccines against outbreak pathogens. Chimpanzee adenoviral (ChAd) vectors have been developed as vaccine candidates for multiple infectious diseases and prostate cancer. ChAd vectors are safe and induce antigen-specific cellular and humoral immunity in all age groups, as well as circumventing the problem of pre-existing immunity encountered with human Ad vectors. For these reasons, such viral vectors provide an attractive platform for stockpiling vaccines for emergency deployment in response to a threatened outbreak of an emerging pathogen. Work is already underway to develop vaccines against a number of other outbreak pathogens and we will also review progress on these approaches here, particularly for Lassa fever, Nipah and MERS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katie Ewer
- The Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus Research Building, Headington, Oxford, UK
| | - Sarah Sebastian
- The Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus Research Building, Headington, Oxford, UK
| | - Alexandra J. Spencer
- The Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus Research Building, Headington, Oxford, UK
| | - Sarah Gilbert
- The Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus Research Building, Headington, Oxford, UK
| | - Adrian V. S. Hill
- The Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus Research Building, Headington, Oxford, UK
| | - Teresa Lambe
- The Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus Research Building, Headington, Oxford, UK
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
|
35
|
Pyrski M, Rugowska A, Wierzbiński KR, Kasprzyk A, Bogusiewicz M, Bociąg P, Samardakiewicz S, Czyż M, Kurpisz M, Pniewski T. HBcAg produced in transgenic tobacco triggers Th1 and Th2 response when intramuscularly delivered. Vaccine 2017; 35:5714-5721. [PMID: 28917537 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2017.07.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2017] [Revised: 07/18/2017] [Accepted: 07/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Hepatitis B core Antigen (HBcAg) assembled into Capsid-Like Particles (CLPs) is investigated as a therapeutic vaccine in treatment of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) and in diagnostic tests or as a carrier for various epitopes. While the expression of HBcAg has been thoroughly clarified in E. coli and yeast, it has also been investigated in other expression systems. Stably transformed tobacco expressed HBcAg at a level of 110-250µg/g fresh weight, therefore in view of its large leaf biomass it offers a production platform comparable with transient expression systems regarding the final yield of HBcAg. Several extraction and purification methods were tested and finally the antigen was purified up to 43% using sucrose density gradient centrifugation. The purified HBcAg retained its antigenicity, as confirmed by ELISA and western blot, while maintaining its CLP-structure as observed in TEM. In mice HBcAg intramuscularly delivered at 2×10µg triggered a significant response (serum anti-HBc titre around 150,000), being statistically equivalent to that induced by the reference antigen. Among anti-HBc IgG isotypes, IgG2a and then IgG1 were increasing during immune response. However IgG2b and IgG3 were also induced, especially in mice immunised with the plant-derived antigen. Analysis of the isotype profile indicates mainly Th1 polarisation, but completed with Th2 response. Obtained results indicate a considerable potential of plant-derived HBcAg as a therapeutic vaccine, since a mixed immune response with a stronger Th1 component is particularly required for treatment of CHB.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marcin Pyrski
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Plant Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Strzeszyńska 34, 60-479 Poznań, Poland
| | - Anna Rugowska
- Department of Reproductive Biology and Stem Cells, Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Strzeszyńska 32, 60-479 Poznań, Poland
| | - Kamil Robert Wierzbiński
- Department of Reproductive Biology and Stem Cells, Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Strzeszyńska 32, 60-479 Poznań, Poland
| | - Anna Kasprzyk
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Plant Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Strzeszyńska 34, 60-479 Poznań, Poland
| | - Maria Bogusiewicz
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Plant Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Strzeszyńska 34, 60-479 Poznań, Poland
| | - Piotr Bociąg
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Plant Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Strzeszyńska 34, 60-479 Poznań, Poland
| | - Sławomir Samardakiewicz
- Laboratory of Electron and Confocal Microscopy, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Umultowska 89, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
| | - Marcin Czyż
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Plant Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Strzeszyńska 34, 60-479 Poznań, Poland
| | - Maciej Kurpisz
- Department of Reproductive Biology and Stem Cells, Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Strzeszyńska 32, 60-479 Poznań, Poland
| | - Tomasz Pniewski
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Plant Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Strzeszyńska 34, 60-479 Poznań, Poland.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Hotblack A, Seshadri S, Zhang L, Hamrang-Yousefi S, Chakraverty R, Escors D, Bennett CL. Dendritic Cells Cross-Present Immunogenic Lentivector-Encoded Antigen from Transduced Cells to Prime Functional T Cell Immunity. Mol Ther 2017; 25:504-511. [PMID: 28153097 PMCID: PMC5368353 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2016.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2016] [Revised: 11/10/2016] [Accepted: 11/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Recombinant lentiviral vectors (LVs) are highly effective vaccination vehicles that elicit protective T cell immunity in disease models. Dendritic cells (DCs) acquire antigen at sites of vaccination and migrate to draining lymph nodes, where they prime vaccine-specific T cells. The potency with which LVs activate CD8+ T cell immunity has been attributed to the transduction of DCs at the immunization site and durable presentation of LV-encoded antigens. However, it is not known how LV-encoded antigens continue to be presented to T cells once directly transduced DCs have turned over. Here, we report that LV-encoded antigen is efficiently cross-presented by DCs in vitro. We have further exploited the temporal depletion of DCs in the murine CD11c.DTR (diphtheria toxin receptor) model to demonstrate that repopulating DCs that were absent at the time of immunization cross-present LV-encoded antigen to T cells in vivo. Indirect presentation of antigen from transduced cells by DCs is sufficient to prime functional effector T cells that control tumor growth. These data suggest that DCs cross-present immunogenic antigen from LV-transduced cells, thereby facilitating prolonged activation of T cells in the absence of circulating LV particles. These are findings that may impact on the future design of LV vaccination strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alastair Hotblack
- Institute for Immunity and Transplantation, University College London, London NW3 2PF, UK
| | - Sara Seshadri
- Institute for Immunity and Transplantation, University College London, London NW3 2PF, UK; Cancer Institute, University College London, London WC1E 6DD, UK
| | - Lei Zhang
- Institute for Immunity and Transplantation, University College London, London NW3 2PF, UK; Cancer Institute, University College London, London WC1E 6DD, UK
| | - Sahar Hamrang-Yousefi
- Institute for Immunity and Transplantation, University College London, London NW3 2PF, UK; Cancer Institute, University College London, London WC1E 6DD, UK
| | - Ronjon Chakraverty
- Institute for Immunity and Transplantation, University College London, London NW3 2PF, UK; Cancer Institute, University College London, London WC1E 6DD, UK
| | - David Escors
- Immunomodulation Group, Navarrabiomed-Fundaçion Miguel Servet, Calle de Irunlarrea 3, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Clare L Bennett
- Institute for Immunity and Transplantation, University College London, London NW3 2PF, UK; Cancer Institute, University College London, London WC1E 6DD, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Agallou M, Margaroni M, Athanasiou E, Toubanaki DK, Kontonikola K, Karidi K, Kammona O, Kiparissides C, Karagouni E. Identification of BALB/c Immune Markers Correlated with a Partial Protection to Leishmania infantum after Vaccination with a Rationally Designed Multi-epitope Cysteine Protease A Peptide-Based Nanovaccine. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2017; 11:e0005311. [PMID: 28114333 PMCID: PMC5295723 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0005311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2016] [Revised: 02/07/2017] [Accepted: 01/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Through their increased potential to be engaged and processed by dendritic cells (DCs), nanovaccines consisting of Poly(D,L-lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles (NPs) loaded with both antigenic moieties and adjuvants are attractive candidates for triggering specific defense mechanisms against intracellular pathogens. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the immunogenicity and prophylactic potential of a rationally designed multi-epitope peptide of Leishmania Cysteine Protease A (CPA160-189) co-encapsulated with Monophosphoryl lipid A (MPLA) in PLGA NPs against L. infantum in BALB/c mice and identify immune markers correlated with protective responses. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS The DCs phenotypic and functional features exposed to soluble (CPA160-189, CPA160-189+MPLA) or encapsulated in PLGA NPs forms of peptide and adjuvant (PLGA-MPLA, PLGA-CPA160-189, PLGA-CPA160-189+MPLA) was firstly determined using BALB/c bone marrow-derived DCs. The most potent signatures of DCs maturation were obtained with the PLGA-CPA160-189+MPLA NPs. Subcutaneous administration of PLGA-CPA160-189+MPLA NPs in BALB/c mice induced specific anti-CPA160-189 cellular and humoral immune responses characterized by T cells producing high amounts of IL-2, IFN-γ and TNFα and IgG1/IgG2a antibodies. When these mice were challenged with 2x107 stationary phase L. infantum promastigotes, they displayed significant reduced hepatic (48%) and splenic (90%) parasite load at 1 month post-challenge. This protective phenotype was accompanied by a strong spleen lymphoproliferative response and high levels of IL-2, IFN-γ and TNFα versus low IL-4 and IL-10 secretion. Although, at 4 months post-challenge, the reduced parasite load was preserved in the liver (61%), an increase was detected in the spleen (30%), indicating a partial vaccine-induced protection. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE This study provide a basis for the development of peptide-based nanovaccines against leishmaniasis, since it reveals that vaccination with well-defined Leishmania MHC-restricted epitopes extracted from various immunogenic proteins co-encapsulated with the proper adjuvant or/and phlebotomine fly saliva multi-epitope peptides into clinically compatible PLGA NPs could be a promising approach for the induction of a strong and sustainable protective immunity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Agallou
- Department of Microbiology, Hellenic Pasteur Institute, Athens, Greece
| | - Maritsa Margaroni
- Department of Microbiology, Hellenic Pasteur Institute, Athens, Greece
| | - Evita Athanasiou
- Department of Microbiology, Hellenic Pasteur Institute, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Katerina Kontonikola
- Chemical Process & Energy Resources Institute, Centre for Research and Technology Hellas, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Konstantina Karidi
- Chemical Process & Energy Resources Institute, Centre for Research and Technology Hellas, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Olga Kammona
- Chemical Process & Energy Resources Institute, Centre for Research and Technology Hellas, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Costas Kiparissides
- Chemical Process & Energy Resources Institute, Centre for Research and Technology Hellas, Thessaloniki, Greece
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Evdokia Karagouni
- Department of Microbiology, Hellenic Pasteur Institute, Athens, Greece
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Démoulins T, Englezou PC, Milona P, Ruggli N, Tirelli N, Pichon C, Sapet C, Ebensen T, Guzmán CA, McCullough KC. Self-Replicating RNA Vaccine Delivery to Dendritic Cells. Methods Mol Biol 2017; 1499:37-75. [PMID: 27987142 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-6481-9_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Most current vaccines are either inactivated pathogen-derived or protein/peptide-based, although attenuated and vector vaccines have also been developed. The former induce at best moderate protection, even as multimeric antigen, due to limitations in antigen loads and therefore capacity for inducing robust immune defense. While attenuated and vector vaccines offer advantages through their replicative nature, drawbacks and risks remain with potential reversion to virulence and interference from preexisting immunity. New advances averting these problems are combining self-amplifying replicon RNA (RepRNA) technology with nanotechnology. RepRNA are large self-replicating RNA molecules (12-15 kb) derived from viral genomes defective in at least one structural protein gene. They provide sustained antigen production, effectively increasing vaccine antigen payloads over time, without the risk of producing infectious progeny. The major limitation with RepRNA is RNase-sensitivity and inefficient uptake by dendritic cells (DCs)-absolute requirements for efficacious vaccine design. We employed biodegradable delivery vehicles to protect the RepRNA and promote DC delivery. Encapsulating RepRNA into chitosan nanoparticles, as well as condensing RepRNA with polyethylenimine (PEI), cationic lipids, or chitosans, has proven effective for delivery to DCs and induction of immune responses in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Démoulins
- Institute of Virology and Immunology (IVI), Sensemattstrasse 293, CH-3147, Mittelhäusern, Switzerland.
| | - Pavlos C Englezou
- Institute of Virology and Immunology (IVI), Sensemattstrasse 293, CH-3147, Mittelhäusern, Switzerland
| | - Panagiota Milona
- Institute of Virology and Immunology (IVI), Sensemattstrasse 293, CH-3147, Mittelhäusern, Switzerland
| | - Nicolas Ruggli
- Institute of Virology and Immunology (IVI), Sensemattstrasse 293, CH-3147, Mittelhäusern, Switzerland
| | - Nicola Tirelli
- Centre of Regenerative Medicine, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK
| | - Chantal Pichon
- Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire, CNRS UPR4301, 45071, Orléans cedex 2, France
| | - Cédric Sapet
- OzBiosciences, Parc scientifique de Luminy, Marseille, France
| | - Thomas Ebensen
- Department of Vaccinology and Applied Microbiology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Carlos A Guzmán
- Department of Vaccinology and Applied Microbiology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Kenneth C McCullough
- Institute of Virology and Immunology (IVI), Sensemattstrasse 293, CH-3147, Mittelhäusern, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Abstract
Development of peptide vaccines through the phage display technology is a powerful strategy that relies on short peptides expressed in the phage capsid surface to induce highly targeted immune responses. Phage display-derived immunogenic peptides can be used directly as a phage-fused peptide reagent or as a synthetic peptide with specific modifications, according to target molecule and disease pathogen/parasite. Peptides' selection (mimotopes) can be performed against monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies to disclose determinant regions (epitopes) that can induce a neutralizing response. Validations of mimotopes are performed in vitro and in vivo, based on cell culture and animal models, to demonstrate its immunogenic potential for final vaccine formulations with an appropriate adjuvant. Here we present specific methods for the discovery of novel immunogenic peptides based on phage display.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luiz R Goulart
- Laboratory of Nanobiotechnology, Institute of Genetics and Biochemistry, Federal University of Uberlandia, Campus Umuarama, Bl 2E, Sl. 248, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil.
| | - Paula de S Santos
- Laboratory of Nanobiotechnology, Institute of Genetics and Biochemistry, Federal University of Uberlandia, Campus Umuarama, Bl 2E, Sl. 248, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Oldiges DP, Laughery JM, Tagliari NJ, Leite Filho RV, Davis WC, da Silva Vaz I, Termignoni C, Knowles DP, Suarez CE. Transfected Babesia bovis Expressing a Tick GST as a Live Vector Vaccine. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2016; 10:e0005152. [PMID: 27911903 PMCID: PMC5135042 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0005152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2016] [Accepted: 11/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The Rhipicephalus microplus tick is a notorious blood-feeding ectoparasite of livestock, especially cattle, responsible for massive losses in animal production. It is the main vector for transmission of pathogenic bacteria and parasites, including Babesia bovis, an intraerythrocytic apicomplexan protozoan parasite responsible for bovine Babesiosis. This study describes the development and testing of a live B. bovis vaccine expressing the protective tick antigen glutathione-S-transferase from Haemaphysalis longicornis (HlGST). The B. bovis S74-T3B parasites were electroporated with a plasmid containing the bidirectional Ef-1α (elongation factor 1 alpha) promoter of B. bovis controlling expression of two independent genes, the selectable marker GFP-BSD (green fluorescent protein–blasticidin deaminase), and HlGST fused to the MSA-1 (merozoite surface antigen 1) signal peptide from B. bovis. Electroporation followed by blasticidin selection resulted in the emergence of a mixed B. bovis transfected line (termed HlGST) in in vitro cultures, containing parasites with distinct patterns of insertion of both exogenous genes, either in or outside the Ef-1α locus. A B. bovis clonal line termed HlGST-Cln expressing intracellular GFP and HlGST in the surface of merozoites was then derived from the mixed parasite line HlGST using a fluorescent activated cell sorter. Two independent calf immunization trials were performed via intravenous inoculation of the HlGST-Cln and a previously described control consisting of an irrelevant transfected clonal line of B. bovis designated GFP-Cln. The control GFP-Cln line contains a copy of the GFP-BSD gene inserted into the Ef-1α locus of B. bovis in an identical fashion as the HIGST-Cln parasites. All animals inoculated with the HlGST-Cln and GFP-Cln transfected parasites developed mild babesiosis. Tick egg fertility and fully engorged female tick weight was reduced significantly in R. microplus feeding on HlGST-Cln-immunized calves. Collectively, these data show the efficacy of a transfected HlGST-Cln B. bovis parasite to induce detectable anti-glutathione-S-transferase antibodies and a reduction in tick size and fecundity of R. microplus feeding in experimentally inoculated animals. The cattle tick Rhipicephalus microplus is a hematophagous ectoparasite, responsible for the transmission of lethal parasites such as Babesia sp, limiting cattle production in tropical and subtropical regions of the world. There is an urgent emerging need for improved methods of control for these currently neglected tick and tick borne diseases. It is hypothesized that a dual attenuated-live vector vaccine containing a stably transfected tick antigen elicits protective immune responses against the parasite and the tick vector in vaccinated cattle. Live Babesia vaccines based on attenuated parasites are the only effective method available for preventing acute babesiosis. On the other hand, glutathione-S-transferase from Haemaphysalis longicornis (HlGST) is a known effective antigen against Rhipicephalus microplus, the most common vector for B. bovis. This study describes the development and testing of a transfected, B. bovis vaccine expressing HlGST against the tick R. microplus. A B. bovis clonal line designated HlGST-Cln expressing HlGST and GFP/BSD, and separately a control transfected B. bovis clonal line expressing only GFP/BSD was used to vaccinate calves in two independent experiments. All immunized calves developed mild babesiosis, and only calves immunized with the HlGST-Cln parasite line generated anti-HlGST antibodies. Tick egg fertility and fully engorged female tick weight were reduced significantly in R. microplus feeding on HlGST-Cln-vaccinated calves. Taken together, these data demonstrates the ability of transfected B. bovis to elicit antibodies against a heterologous tick antigen in cattle and to induce partial protection in the vaccinated animals against the cattle tick for the first time, representing a step toward the goal to produce a live vector anti-tick vaccine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daiane P. Oldiges
- Centro de Biotecnologia Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Jacob M. Laughery
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Pathology, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, United States of America
| | - Nelson Junior Tagliari
- Faculdade de Veterinária Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Ronaldo Viana Leite Filho
- Faculdade de Veterinária Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - William C. Davis
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Pathology, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, United States of America
| | - Itabajara da Silva Vaz
- Centro de Biotecnologia Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Faculdade de Veterinária Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Carlos Termignoni
- Centro de Biotecnologia Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Departamento de Bioquímica Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Donald P. Knowles
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Pathology, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, United States of America
- Animal Disease Research Unit, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Pullman, Washington, United States of America
| | - Carlos E. Suarez
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Pathology, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, United States of America
- Animal Disease Research Unit, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Pullman, Washington, United States of America
- * E-mail: ,
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Friedensohn S, Khan TA, Reddy ST. Advanced Methodologies in High-Throughput Sequencing of Immune Repertoires. Trends Biotechnol 2016; 35:203-214. [PMID: 28341036 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2016.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2016] [Revised: 09/19/2016] [Accepted: 09/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, major efforts have been made to develop sophisticated experimental and bioinformatic workflows for sequencing adaptive immune repertoires. The immunological insight gained has been applied to fields as varied as lymphocyte biology, immunodiagnostics, vaccines, cancer immunotherapy, and antibody engineering. In this review, we provide a detailed overview of these advanced methodologies, focusing specifically on strategies to reduce sequencing errors and bias and to achieve high-throughput pairing of variable regions (e.g., heavy-light or alpha-beta chains). In addition, we highlight recent technologies for single-cell transcriptome sequencing that can be integrated with immune repertoires. Finally, we provide a perspective on advanced immune repertoire sequencing and its ability to impact basic immunology, biopharmaceutical drug discovery and development, and cancer immunotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simon Friedensohn
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Tarik A Khan
- Pharmaceutical Development & Supplies Biologics Europe, F. Hoffman-La Roche Ltd, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Sai T Reddy
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich, Basel, Switzerland.
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Wiśniewski M, Łapiński M, Daniłowicz-Luebert E, Jaros S, Długosz E, Wędrychowicz H. Vaccination with a cocktail of Ancylostoma ceylanicum recombinant antigens leads to worm burden reduction in hamsters. Acta Parasitol 2016; 61:556-61. [PMID: 27447220 DOI: 10.1515/ap-2016-0074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2016] [Accepted: 03/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Hookworms, a group to which Ancylostoma ceylanicum belongs, are gastrointestinal nematodes that infect more than 700 million people around the world. They are a leading cause of anemia in developing countries. In order to effectively prevent hookworm infections research is conducted to develop an effective vaccine using recombinant antigens of the parasite. The aim of this study was to examine the influence of the hosts' on protection against ancylostomiasis and the shaping of the humoral immune response among Syrian hamsters after immunization with a cocktail of five A. ceylanicum recombinant antigens. Ace-ASP-3, Ace-ASP-4, Ace-APR-1, Ace-MEP-6 and Ace-MEP-7 were obtained in the pET expression system. Immunization with a vaccine cocktail resulted in a 33.5% worm burden reduction. The immunogenicity of the recombinant proteins were determined using ELISA. Statistical analysis showed that vaccinated hamsters developed stronger humoral responses to four of five recombinant antigens (the exception being Ace-ASP-3) compared to hamsters from the control group.
Collapse
|
43
|
Hess JA, Zhan B, Torigian AR, Patton JB, Petrovsky N, Zhan T, Bottazzi ME, Hotez PJ, Klei TR, Lustigman S, Abraham D. The Immunomodulatory Role of Adjuvants in Vaccines Formulated with the Recombinant Antigens Ov-103 and Ov-RAL-2 against Onchocerca volvulus in Mice. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2016; 10:e0004797. [PMID: 27387453 PMCID: PMC4936747 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0004797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2016] [Accepted: 06/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In some regions in Africa, elimination of onchocerciasis may be possible with mass drug administration, although there is concern based on several factors that onchocerciasis cannot be eliminated solely through this approach. A vaccine against Onchocerca volvulus would provide a critical tool for the ultimate elimination of this infection. Previous studies have demonstrated that immunization of mice with Ov-103 and Ov-RAL-2, when formulated with alum, induced protective immunity. It was hypothesized that the levels of protective immunity induced with the two recombinant antigens formulated with alum would be improved by formulation with other adjuvants known to enhance different types of antigen-specific immune responses. METHODOLOGY/ PRINCIPAL FINDINGS Immunizing mice with Ov-103 and Ov-RAL-2 in conjunction with alum, Advax 2 and MF59 induced significant levels of larval killing and host protection. The immune response was biased towards Th2 with all three of the adjuvants, with IgG1 the dominant antibody. Improved larval killing and host protection was observed in mice immunized with co-administered Ov-103 and Ov-RAL-2 in conjunction with each of the three adjuvants as compared to single immunizations. Antigen-specific antibody titers were significantly increased in mice immunized concurrently with the two antigens. Based on chemokine levels, it appears that neutrophils and eosinophils participate in the protective immune response induced by Ov-103, and macrophages and neutrophils participate in immunity induced by Ov-RAL-2. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE The mechanism of protective immunity induced by Ov-103 and Ov-RAL-2, with the adjuvants alum, Advax 2 and MF59, appears to be multifactorial with roles for cytokines, chemokines, antibody and specific effector cells. The vaccines developed in this study have the potential of reducing the morbidity associated with onchocerciasis in humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica A. Hess
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Bin Zhan
- Department of Pediatrics, National School of Tropical Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- Sabin Vaccine Institute and Texas Children’s Hospital Center for Vaccine Development, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - April R. Torigian
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - John B. Patton
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Nikolai Petrovsky
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia
- Vaxine Pty Ltd, Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Tingting Zhan
- Division of Biostatistics, Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Maria Elena Bottazzi
- Department of Pediatrics, National School of Tropical Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- Sabin Vaccine Institute and Texas Children’s Hospital Center for Vaccine Development, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Peter J. Hotez
- Department of Pediatrics, National School of Tropical Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- Sabin Vaccine Institute and Texas Children’s Hospital Center for Vaccine Development, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Thomas R. Klei
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, LSU School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, United States of America
| | - Sara Lustigman
- Laboratory of Molecular Parasitology, Lindsley F. Kimball Research Institute, New York Blood Center, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - David Abraham
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Abstract
Recombinant baculo viruses based on Autographa californica multiple nuclear polyhedrosis virus carrying vertebrate cell active expression cassettes, so-called BacMam viruses, are increasingly used as gene delivery vectors for vaccination of animals against pathogens. Different approaches for generation of BacMams exist and a variety of transfer vectors to improve target protein expression in vivo have been constructed. Here we describe a use of transfer vector which contains an insect cell-restricted expression cassette for the green fluorescent protein and thus enables easy monitoring of BacMam virus rescue, fast plaque purification of recombinants and their convenient titer determination and which has been proven to be efficacious for gene delivery in vaccination/challenge experiments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Günther M Keil
- Institut für molekulare Virologie und Zellbiologie, Friedrich-Loeffler-Instiut, Südufer 10, Greifswald, 17493, Insel Riems, Germany.
- Institut für Virusdiagnostik, Friedrich-Loeffler-Instiut, Südufer 10, Greifswald, 17493, Insel Riems, Germany.
| | - Reiko Pollin
- Institut für molekulare Virologie und Zellbiologie, Friedrich-Loeffler-Instiut, Südufer 10, Greifswald, 17493, Insel Riems, Germany
- Institut für Virusdiagnostik, Friedrich-Loeffler-Instiut, Südufer 10, Greifswald, 17493, Insel Riems, Germany
| | - Claudia Müller
- Institut für molekulare Virologie und Zellbiologie, Friedrich-Loeffler-Instiut, Südufer 10, Greifswald, 17493, Insel Riems, Germany
- Institut für Virusdiagnostik, Friedrich-Loeffler-Instiut, Südufer 10, Greifswald, 17493, Insel Riems, Germany
| | - Katrin Giesow
- Institut für molekulare Virologie und Zellbiologie, Friedrich-Loeffler-Instiut, Südufer 10, Greifswald, 17493, Insel Riems, Germany
- Institut für Virusdiagnostik, Friedrich-Loeffler-Instiut, Südufer 10, Greifswald, 17493, Insel Riems, Germany
| | - Horst Schirrmeier
- Institut für molekulare Virologie und Zellbiologie, Friedrich-Loeffler-Instiut, Südufer 10, Greifswald, 17493, Insel Riems, Germany
- Institut für Virusdiagnostik, Friedrich-Loeffler-Instiut, Südufer 10, Greifswald, 17493, Insel Riems, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Ng ESK. Intellectual Property in Vaccine Innovation: Impact of Recent Patent Developments. Methods Mol Biol 2016; 1404:835-848. [PMID: 27076340 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-3389-1_54] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
This chapter examines the issues on patentability of microorganisms and human genes under the US laws and analyzes their influence on vaccine innovation. The analysis will focus on three aspects, namely, the naturally existing state, unmodified isolated form (i.e., mere extraction from the natural environment), and human-modified/genetically engineered structure. The outcome of the assessment suggests that the impact of the recent US patent jurisprudence on vaccines may differ significantly depending on whether the preparation of a vaccine in question involves natural or man-made DNA material.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Siew-Kuan Ng
- Faculty of Law, National University of Singapore, Eu Tong Sen Building, 469G Bukit Timah Road, Singapore, 259776, Singapore.
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Abstract
Replication-defective adenovirus (Ad) vectors were initially developed for gene transfer for correction of genetic diseases. Although Ad vectors achieved high levels of transgene product expression in a variety of target cells, expression of therapeutic proteins was found to be transient as vigorous T cell responses directed to components of the vector as well as the transgene product rapidly eliminate Ad vector-transduced cells. This opened the use of Ad vectors as vaccine carriers and by now a multitude of preclinical as well as clinical studies has shown that Ad vectors induce very potent and sustained transgene product-specific T and B cell responses. This chapter provides guidance on developing E1-deleted Ad vectors based on available viral molecular clones. Specifically, it describes methods for cloning, viral rescue and purification as well as quality control studies.
Collapse
|
47
|
Galay RL, Miyata T, Umemiya-Shirafuji R, Mochizuki M, Fujisaki K, Tanaka T. Host Immunization with Recombinant Proteins to Screen Antigens for Tick Control. Methods Mol Biol 2016; 1404:261-273. [PMID: 27076304 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-3389-1_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Ticks (Parasitiformes: Ixodida) are known for their obligate blood feeding habit and their role in transmitting pathogens to various vertebrate hosts. Tick control using chemical acaricides is extensively used particularly in livestock management, but several disadvantages arise from resistance development of many tick species, and concerns on animal product and environmental contamination. Vaccination offers better protection and more cost-effective alternative to application of chemical acaricides, addressing their disadvantages. However, an ideal anti-tick vaccine targeting multiple tick species and all the tick stages is still wanting. Here, we describe the procedures involved in the evaluation of a vaccine candidate antigen against ticks at the laboratory level, from the preparation of recombinant proteins, administration to the rabbit host and monitoring of antibody titer, to tick infestation challenge and determination of the effects of immunization to ticks.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Remil Linggatong Galay
- Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, 1-21-24 Korimoto, Kagoshima, 890-0065, Japan
| | - Takeshi Miyata
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Division of Molecular Functions of Food, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagoshima University, 1-21-24 Korimoto, Kagoshima, 890-0065, Japan
| | - Rika Umemiya-Shirafuji
- National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Inada-cho, Obihiro, Hokkaido, 080-8555, Japan
| | - Masami Mochizuki
- Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, 1-21-24 Korimoto, Kagoshima, 890-0065, Japan
| | - Kozo Fujisaki
- National Agricultural and Food Research Organization, 3-1-5 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0856, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Tanaka
- Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, 1-21-24 Korimoto, Kagoshima, 890-0065, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Abstract
Vaccination with a recombinant LCMV based vector expressing tumor-associated or viral antigens is a safe and versatile method to induce an immune response against tumors or viral infections. Here, we describe the generation of recombinant LCMV vectors in which the gene encoding the viral LCMV-GP was substituted with a gene of interest (vaccine antigen). This renders the vaccine vector propagation-incompetent while it preserves the property of eliciting a strong cytotoxic T cell response.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Ring
- Institute of Immunobiology, Kantonsspital St. Gallen, Rorschacher Str. 95, St. Gallen, 9007, Switzerland
| | - Lukas Flatz
- Institute of Immunobiology, Kantonsspital St. Gallen, Rorschacher Str. 95, St. Gallen, 9007, Switzerland.
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Abstract
Alphavirus vectors based on Semliki Forest virus, Sindbis virus, and Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus have been widely applied for vaccine development. Naked RNA replicons, recombinant viral particles, and layered DNA vectors have been subjected to immunization in preclinical animal models with antigens for viral targets and tumor antigens. Moreover, a limited number of clinical trials have been conducted in humans. Vaccination with alphavirus vectors has demonstrated efficient immune responses and has showed protection against challenges with lethal doses of virus and tumor cells, respectively. Moreover, vaccines have been developed against alphaviruses causing epidemics such as Chikungunya virus.
Collapse
|
50
|
Liu P, Wang ZQ, Liu RD, Jiang P, Long SR, Liu LN, Zhang XZ, Cheng XC, Yu C, Ren HJ, Cui J. Oral vaccination of mice with Trichinella spiralis nudix hydrolase DNA vaccine delivered by attenuated Salmonella elicited protective immunity. Exp Parasitol 2015; 153:29-38. [PMID: 25733024 DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2015.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2015] [Revised: 02/16/2015] [Accepted: 02/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
We have previously reported that Trichinella spiralis Nudix hydrolase (TsNd) bound to intestinal epithelial cells (IECs), and the vaccination of mice with recombinant TsNd protein (rTsNd) produced a partial protective immunity against challenge infection in mice. In this study, the full-length cDNA sequence of TsNd gene was cloned into the eukaryotic expression plasmid pcDNA3.1, and the recombinant TsNd DNA was transformed into attenuated Salmonella typhimurium strain ⊿cyaSL1344. Oral immunization of mice with TsNd/S. typhimurium elicited a significant local mucosal IgA response and a systemic Th1/Th2 immune response. Cytokine profiling also showed a significant increase in the Th1 (IFN-γ, IL-2) and Th2 (IL-4, 10) responses in splenocytes of immunized mice upon stimulation with the rTsNd. The oral immunization of mice with TsNd/S. typhimurium displayed a statistically significant 73.32% reduction in adult worm burden and a 49.5% reduction in muscle larvae after challenge with T. spiralis muscle larvae, compared with PBS control group. Our results demonstrated that TsNd DNA delivered by attenuated live S. typhimurium elicited a local IgA response and a mixed Th1/Th2 immune response, and produced a partial protection against T. spiralis infection in mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pei Liu
- Department of Parasitology, Medical College, Zhengzhou University, 40 Daxue Road, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Zhong Quan Wang
- Department of Parasitology, Medical College, Zhengzhou University, 40 Daxue Road, Zhengzhou 450052, China.
| | - Ruo Dan Liu
- Department of Parasitology, Medical College, Zhengzhou University, 40 Daxue Road, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Peng Jiang
- Department of Parasitology, Medical College, Zhengzhou University, 40 Daxue Road, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Shao Rong Long
- Department of Parasitology, Medical College, Zhengzhou University, 40 Daxue Road, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Li Na Liu
- Department of Parasitology, Medical College, Zhengzhou University, 40 Daxue Road, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Xin Zhuo Zhang
- Department of Parasitology, Medical College, Zhengzhou University, 40 Daxue Road, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Xiang Chao Cheng
- The Key Lab of Animal Disease and Public Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003, China
| | - Chuan Yu
- The Key Lab of Animal Disease and Public Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003, China
| | - Hui Jun Ren
- Department of Parasitology, Medical College, Zhengzhou University, 40 Daxue Road, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Jing Cui
- Department of Parasitology, Medical College, Zhengzhou University, 40 Daxue Road, Zhengzhou 450052, China.
| |
Collapse
|