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Liu M, Zhao F, Xu J, Zhu X, Zhao Y, Wen R, Anirudhan V, Rong L, Tian J, Cui Q. Qingjin Huatan decoction protects mice against influenza a virus pneumonia via the chemokine signaling pathways. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 317:116745. [PMID: 37336335 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 06/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Qingjin Huatan Decoction (QJHTT) consists of 11 herbal medicines: Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi, Gardenia jasminoides J.Ellis, Platycodon grandiflorus (Jacq.) A.DC., Ophiopogon japonicus (Thunb.) Ker Gawl., Morus alba L., Fritillaria thunbergii Miq., Anemarrhena asphodeloides Bunge, Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim., Citrus reticulata Blanco, Poria cocos (Schw.) Wolf, and Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch. As a traditional compound Chinese medicinal formula, QJHTT has been used for more than 400 years in China. Historically, it was used to treat respiratory diseases and had shown beneficial clinical results for diseases related to lung inflammation. AIM OF THE STUDY To investigate the therapeutic effect of QJHTT on influenza A virus (IAV) pneumonia in mice and explore its possible mechanism of action. MATERIALS AND METHODS The components in QJHTT were analyzed by UPLC-Q-TOF-MS and some antiviral active components reported in the literature were determined and quantified by HPLC. The protective effects of QJHTT were investigated using lethal and sublethal doses (2 LD50 or 0.8 LD50 viral suspension, separately) of H1N1-infected mice. Mortality and lung lesions in H1N1-infected mice were used to evaluate the efficacy of QJHTT. The potential mechanism of QJHTT in the treatment of viral pneumonia was determined at the gene level by RNA sequencing and validated by qRT-PCR. Following this, the changes in protein levels of JAK2/STAT3 were analyzed since it is a key downstream target of the chemokine signaling pathways. Preliminary elucidation of the mechanism of QJHTT to protect mice against IAV pneumonia through this pathway was conducted. RESULTS In this study, 12 antiviral active constituents including baicalin, geniposide, and mangiferin were identified from QJHTT. In vivo treatment of QJHTT reduced the virus titers of lung tissue significantly and improved the survival rate, lung index, and pulmonary histopathological changes; additionally, a reduction in the serum levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and IFN-γ inflammatory factors in H1N1-infected mice was observed. RNA-seq analysis and qRT-PCR showed that QJHTT primarily reversed the activities CCL2, CCL7, CCR1, and other chemokines and their reception-related genes, suggesting that QJHTT may produce disease-resistant pneumonia by inhibiting the downstream JAK2/STAT3 pathway. Western blot analysis confirmed that QJHTT effectively reduced the protein levels of JAK2, STAT3, and related phosphorylated products in the lung tissue of H1N1-infected mice. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicated that QJHTT alleviated IAV pneumonia in mice by regulating related chemokines and their receptor-related genes in lung tissue, thereby inhibiting JAK2/STAT3 pathway. This could pave way for the design of novel therapeutic strategies to treat viral pneumonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miaomiao Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China; Qingdao Academy of Chinese Medicinal Sciences, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Qingdao, 266041, China
| | - Fangshu Zhao
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China
| | - Jinke Xu
- Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Xiaojing Zhu
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China
| | - Yangang Zhao
- Qingdao Academy of Chinese Medicinal Sciences, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Qingdao, 266041, China
| | - Rou Wen
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China
| | - Varada Anirudhan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Lijun Rong
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA.
| | - Jingzhen Tian
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China; Qingdao Academy of Chinese Medicinal Sciences, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Qingdao, 266041, China.
| | - Qinghua Cui
- Qingdao Academy of Chinese Medicinal Sciences, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Qingdao, 266041, China; Innovative Institute of Chinse Medicine and Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China.
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2
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Massimini M, Bachetti B, Dalle Vedove E, Benvenga A, Di Pierro F, Bernabò N. A Set of Dysregulated Target Genes to Reduce Neuroinflammation at Molecular Level. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23137175. [PMID: 35806178 PMCID: PMC9266409 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23137175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence links chronic neurodegenerative diseases with neuroinflammation; it is known that neuroprotective agents are capable of modulating the inflammatory processes, that occur with the onset of neurodegeneration pathologies. Here, with the intention of providing a means for active compounds’ screening, a dysregulation of neuronal inflammatory marker genes was induced and subjected to neuroprotective active principles, with the aim of selecting a set of inflammatory marker genes linked to neurodegenerative diseases. Considering the important role of microglia in neurodegeneration, a murine co-culture of hippocampal cells and inflamed microglia cells was set up. The evaluation of differentially expressed genes and subsequent in silico analysis showed the main dysregulated genes in both cells and the principal inflammatory processes involved in the model. Among the identified genes, a well-defined set was chosen, selecting those in which a role in human neurodegenerative progression in vivo was already defined in literature, matched with the rate of prediction derived from the Principal Component Analysis (PCA) of in vitro treatment-affected genes variation. The obtained panel of dysregulated target genes, including Cxcl9 (Chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 9), C4b (Complement Component 4B), Stc1 (Stanniocalcin 1), Abcb1a (ATP Binding Cassette Subfamily B Member 1), Hp (Haptoglobin) and Adm (Adrenomedullin), can be considered an in vitro tool to select old and new active compounds directed to neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcella Massimini
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Benedetta Bachetti
- R&D Division, C.I.A.M. Srl, 63100 Ascoli Piceno, Italy; (B.B.); (E.D.V.); (A.B.)
| | - Elena Dalle Vedove
- R&D Division, C.I.A.M. Srl, 63100 Ascoli Piceno, Italy; (B.B.); (E.D.V.); (A.B.)
| | - Alessia Benvenga
- R&D Division, C.I.A.M. Srl, 63100 Ascoli Piceno, Italy; (B.B.); (E.D.V.); (A.B.)
| | - Francesco Di Pierro
- Velleja Research, 20125 Milan, Italy;
- Digestive Endoscopy Unit and Gastroenterology, Fondazione Poliambulanza, 25124 Brescia, Italy
| | - Nicola Bernabò
- Faculty of Bioscience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy;
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3
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Mao K, Geng W, Liao Y, Luo P, Zhong H, Ma P, Xu J, Zhang S, Tan Q, Jin Y. Identification of robust genetic signatures associated with lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury onset and astaxanthin therapeutic effects by integrative analysis of RNA sequencing data and GEO datasets. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:18716-18740. [PMID: 32969837 PMCID: PMC7585091 DOI: 10.18632/aging.104042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Acute lung injury (ALI) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) are life-threatening clinical conditions predominantly arising from uncontrolled inflammatory reactions. It has been found that the administration of astaxanthin (AST) can exert protective effects against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced ALI; however, the robust genetic signatures underlying LPS induction and AST treatment remain obscure. Here we performed a statistical meta-analysis of five publicly available gene expression datasets from LPS-induced ALI mouse models, conducted RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) to screen differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in response to LPS administration and AST treatment, and integrative analysis to determine robust genetic signatures associated with LPS-induced ALI onset and AST administration. Both the meta-analyses and our experimental data identified a total of 198 DEGs in response to LPS administration, and 11 core DEGs (Timp1, Ly6i, Cxcl13, Irf7, Cxcl5, Ccl7, Isg15, Saa3, Saa1, Tgtp1, and Gbp11) were identified to be associated with AST therapeutic effects. Further, the 11 core DEGs were verified by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and immunohistochemistry (IHC), and functional enrichment analysis revealed that these genes are primarily associated with neutrophils and chemokines. Collectively, these findings unearthed the robust genetic signatures underlying LPS administration and the molecular targets of AST for ameliorating ALI/ARDS which provide directions for further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaimin Mao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, NHC Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, Hubei, China
| | - Wei Geng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, NHC Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, Hubei, China
| | - Yuhan Liao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, NHC Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, Hubei, China
| | - Ping Luo
- Center for Translational Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, Hubei, China
| | - Hua Zhong
- College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Pei Ma
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, NHC Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, Hubei, China
| | - Juanjuan Xu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, NHC Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, Hubei, China
| | - Shuai Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, NHC Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, Hubei, China
| | - Qi Tan
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, NHC Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, Hubei, China
| | - Yang Jin
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, NHC Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, Hubei, China
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Li YH, Hu CY, Cheng LF, Wu XX, Weng TH, Wu NP, Yao HP, Li LJ. Highly pathogenic H7N9 avian influenza virus infection associated with up-regulation of PD-1/PD-Ls pathway-related molecules. Int Immunopharmacol 2020; 85:106558. [PMID: 32450532 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2020.106558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Revised: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
To investigate the main transcriptional and biological changes of human host during low and highly pathogenic avian H7N9 influenza virus infection and to analyze the possible causes of escalated virulence and the systematic progression of H7N9 virus infection, we utilized whole transcriptome sequencing (RNA-chip and RNA-seq) and other biomolecular methods to analyze and verify remarkable changes of host cells during these two subtypes of H7N9 influenza viruses infection. Whole transcriptome analysis showed the global profiles of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and identified 458 DEGs associated with major changes in biological processes of the host cells after infection with 2017 HPAI H7N9 virus versus 2013 LPAI H7N9 virus, mainly including drastically increased defense responses to viruses (e.g. negative regulation of viral gene replication), IFNs related pathways, immune response/native immune response, and inflammatory response. Genes of programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) pathways were found changed remarkably and several highly correlated non-coding RNAs were identified. The results suggested that HPAI H7N9 virus induces stronger immune response and suppressing response than LPAI H7N9. Meanwhile, PD-1/PD-Ls signaling pathways work together in regulating host responses including antiviral defense, lethal inflammation caused by the virus and immune response, thus contribute to the high pathogenicity of 2017H7N9 virus that can be regulated by non-coding RNAs. The present study represents a comprehensive understanding and good reference of regulation of pathogenicity of H7N9 virus even other fatal viruses and correlated host immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Hua Li
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310031, China
| | - Chen Yu Hu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310031, China
| | - Lin Fang Cheng
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310031, China
| | - Xiao Xin Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310031, China
| | - Tian Hao Weng
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310031, China
| | - Nan Ping Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310031, China
| | - Hang Ping Yao
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310031, China.
| | - Lan Juan Li
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310031, China.
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5
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Roquilly A, Jacqueline C, Davieau M, Mollé A, Sadek A, Fourgeux C, Rooze P, Broquet A, Misme-Aucouturier B, Chaumette T, Vourc'h M, Cinotti R, Marec N, Gauttier V, McWilliam HEG, Altare F, Poschmann J, Villadangos JA, Asehnoune K. Alveolar macrophages are epigenetically altered after inflammation, leading to long-term lung immunoparalysis. Nat Immunol 2020; 21:636-648. [PMID: 32424365 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-020-0673-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Sepsis and trauma cause inflammation and elevated susceptibility to hospital-acquired pneumonia. As phagocytosis by macrophages plays a critical role in the control of bacteria, we investigated the phagocytic activity of macrophages after resolution of inflammation. After resolution of primary pneumonia, murine alveolar macrophages (AMs) exhibited poor phagocytic capacity for several weeks. These paralyzed AMs developed from resident AMs that underwent an epigenetic program of tolerogenic training. Such adaptation was not induced by direct encounter of the pathogen but by secondary immunosuppressive signals established locally upon resolution of primary infection. Signal-regulatory protein α (SIRPα) played a critical role in the establishment of the microenvironment that induced tolerogenic training. In humans with systemic inflammation, AMs and also circulating monocytes still displayed alterations consistent with reprogramming six months after resolution of inflammation. Antibody blockade of SIRPα restored phagocytosis in monocytes of critically ill patients in vitro, which suggests a potential strategy to prevent hospital-acquired pneumonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Roquilly
- Université de Nantes, EA3826 Thérapeutiques Anti-Infectieuses, Institut de Recherche en Santé 2 Nantes Biotech, Nantes, France. .,Université de Nantes, CHU Nantes, Pôle Anesthésie-Réanimation, Service d'Anesthésie Réanimation Chirurgicale, Hôtel Dieu, Nantes, France. .,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute of Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Cedric Jacqueline
- Université de Nantes, EA3826 Thérapeutiques Anti-Infectieuses, Institut de Recherche en Santé 2 Nantes Biotech, Nantes, France
| | - Marion Davieau
- Université de Nantes, EA3826 Thérapeutiques Anti-Infectieuses, Institut de Recherche en Santé 2 Nantes Biotech, Nantes, France
| | - Alice Mollé
- Université de Nantes, CHU Nantes, Inserm, Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie, UMR1064, ITUN, Nantes, France
| | - Abderrahmane Sadek
- Université de Nantes, CHU Nantes, Inserm, Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie, UMR1064, ITUN, Nantes, France.,Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Moulay Ismail University, Zitoune, Meknes, Morocco
| | - Cynthia Fourgeux
- Université de Nantes, CHU Nantes, Inserm, Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie, UMR1064, ITUN, Nantes, France
| | - Paul Rooze
- Université de Nantes, EA3826 Thérapeutiques Anti-Infectieuses, Institut de Recherche en Santé 2 Nantes Biotech, Nantes, France.,Université de Nantes, CHU Nantes, Pôle Anesthésie-Réanimation, Service d'Anesthésie Réanimation Chirurgicale, Hôtel Dieu, Nantes, France
| | - Alexis Broquet
- Université de Nantes, EA3826 Thérapeutiques Anti-Infectieuses, Institut de Recherche en Santé 2 Nantes Biotech, Nantes, France
| | - Barbara Misme-Aucouturier
- Université de Nantes, EA3826 Thérapeutiques Anti-Infectieuses, Institut de Recherche en Santé 2 Nantes Biotech, Nantes, France
| | - Tanguy Chaumette
- Université de Nantes, EA3826 Thérapeutiques Anti-Infectieuses, Institut de Recherche en Santé 2 Nantes Biotech, Nantes, France
| | - Mickael Vourc'h
- Université de Nantes, EA3826 Thérapeutiques Anti-Infectieuses, Institut de Recherche en Santé 2 Nantes Biotech, Nantes, France.,Université de Nantes, CHU Nantes, Pôle Anesthésie-Réanimation, Service d'Anesthésie Réanimation Chirurgicale, Hôtel Dieu, Nantes, France
| | - Raphael Cinotti
- Université de Nantes, CHU Nantes, Pôle Anesthésie-Réanimation, Service d'Anesthésie Réanimation Chirurgicale, Hôtel Dieu, Nantes, France
| | - Nadege Marec
- Plateforme Cytocell, SFR François Bonamy, Nantes, France
| | - Vanessa Gauttier
- Université de Nantes, CHU Nantes, Inserm, Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie, UMR1064, ITUN, Nantes, France
| | - Hamish E G McWilliam
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute of Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Frederic Altare
- CRCINA, INSERM, Université de Nantes, CHU de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Jeremie Poschmann
- Université de Nantes, CHU Nantes, Inserm, Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie, UMR1064, ITUN, Nantes, France.
| | - Jose A Villadangos
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute of Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia. .,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Karim Asehnoune
- Université de Nantes, EA3826 Thérapeutiques Anti-Infectieuses, Institut de Recherche en Santé 2 Nantes Biotech, Nantes, France. .,Université de Nantes, CHU Nantes, Pôle Anesthésie-Réanimation, Service d'Anesthésie Réanimation Chirurgicale, Hôtel Dieu, Nantes, France.
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6
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Yang L, Tu L, Zhao P, Wang Y, Wang S, Lu W, Wang Y, Li X, Yu Y, Hua S, Wang L. Attenuation of interferon regulatory factor 7 activity in local infectious sites of trachea and lung for preventing the development of acute lung injury caused by influenza A virus. Immunology 2019; 157:37-51. [PMID: 30667045 DOI: 10.1111/imm.13045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2018] [Revised: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The excessive activation of interferon regulatory factor 7 (IRF7) promotes the development of acute lung injury (ALI) caused by influenza A virus (IAV). However, the deficiency of IRF7 increases the susceptibility to deadly IAV infection in both humans and mice. To test whether the attenuation rather than the abolishment of IRF7 activity in local infectious sites could alleviate IAV-induced ALI, we established IAV-infected mouse model and trachea/lung-tissue culture systems, and designed two IRF7-interfering oligodeoxynucleotides, IRF7-rODN M1 and IRF7-rODN A1, based on the mouse and human consensus sequences of IRF7-binding sites of Ifna/IFNA genes, respectively. In the model mice, we found a close relationship between the IAV-induced ALI and the level/activity of IRF7 in local infectious sites, and also found that the reduced IRF7 level or activity in the lungs of mice treated with IRF7-rODN M1 led to decreased mRNA levels of Ifna genes, reduced neutrophil infiltration in the lungs and prolonged survival of mice. Furthermore, we found that the effects of IRF7-rODN M1 on alleviating IAV-induced ALI could be correlated to the reduced translocation of IRF7, caused by the IRF7-rODN M1, from cytosol to nucleus in IAV-infected cells. These data suggest that the proper attenuation of IRF7 activity in local infectious sites could be a novel approach for treating IAV-induced ALI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Yang
- Department of Molecular Biology in College of Basic Medical Sciences and Institute of Pediatrics in The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Liqun Tu
- Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Peiyan Zhao
- Department of Molecular Biology in College of Basic Medical Sciences and Institute of Pediatrics in The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Molecular Biology in College of Basic Medical Sciences and Institute of Pediatrics in The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Shengnan Wang
- Department of Molecular Biology in College of Basic Medical Sciences and Institute of Pediatrics in The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Wenting Lu
- Department of Molecular Biology in College of Basic Medical Sciences and Institute of Pediatrics in The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Yangyang Wang
- Department of Molecular Biology in College of Basic Medical Sciences and Institute of Pediatrics in The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Molecular Biology in College of Basic Medical Sciences and Institute of Pediatrics in The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Yongli Yu
- Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Shucheng Hua
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Liying Wang
- Department of Molecular Biology in College of Basic Medical Sciences and Institute of Pediatrics in The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
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7
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Starbæk SMR, Brogaard L, Dawson HD, Smith AD, Heegaard PMH, Larsen LE, Jungersen G, Skovgaard K. Animal Models for Influenza A Virus Infection Incorporating the Involvement of Innate Host Defenses: Enhanced Translational Value of the Porcine Model. ILAR J 2018; 59:323-337. [DOI: 10.1093/ilar/ily009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2017] [Revised: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Influenza is a viral respiratory disease having a major impact on public health. Influenza A virus (IAV) usually causes mild transitory disease in humans. However, in specific groups of individuals such as severely obese, the elderly, and individuals with underlying inflammatory conditions, IAV can cause severe illness or death. In this review, relevant small and large animal models for human IAV infection, including the pig, ferret, and mouse, are discussed. The focus is on the pig as a large animal model for human IAV infection as well as on the associated innate immune response. Pigs are natural hosts for the same IAV subtypes as humans, they develop clinical disease mirroring human symptoms, they have similar lung anatomy, and their respiratory physiology and immune responses to IAV infection are remarkably similar to what is observed in humans. The pig model shows high face and target validity for human IAV infection, making it suitable for modeling many aspects of influenza, including increased risk of severe disease and impaired vaccine response due to underlying pathologies such as low-grade inflammation. Comparative analysis of proteins involved in viral pattern recognition, interferon responses, and regulation of interferon-stimulated genes reveals a significantly higher degree of similarity between pig, ferret, and human compared with mice. It is concluded that the pig is a promising animal model displaying substantial human translational value with the ability to provide essential insights into IAV infection, pathogenesis, and immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofie M R Starbæk
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Louise Brogaard
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Harry D Dawson
- Beltsville Human Nutrition Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, Maryland
| | - Allen D Smith
- Beltsville Human Nutrition Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, Maryland
| | - Peter M H Heegaard
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Lars E Larsen
- National Veterinary Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Gregers Jungersen
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Kerstin Skovgaard
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
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8
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Complexes of Oligoribonucleotides with d-Mannitol Modulate the Innate Immune Response to Influenza A Virus H1N1 (A/FM/1/47) In Vivo. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2018; 11:ph11030073. [PMID: 30037133 PMCID: PMC6161188 DOI: 10.3390/ph11030073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Revised: 07/18/2018] [Accepted: 07/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Rapid replication of the influenza A virus and lung tissue damage caused by exaggerated pro-inflammatory host immune responses lead to numerous deaths. Therefore, novel therapeutic agents that have anti-influenza activities and attenuate excessive pro-inflammatory responses that are induced by an influenza virus infection are needed. Oligoribonucleotides-d-mannitol (ORNs-d-M) complexes possess both antiviral and anti-inflammatory activities. The current research was aimed at studying the ORNs-d-M effects on expression of innate immune genes in mice lungs during an influenza virus infection. Expression of genes was determined by RT-qPCR and Western blot assays. In the present studies, we found that the ORNs-d-M reduced the influenza-induced up-expression of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) (tlr3, tlr7, tlr8), nuclear factor NF-kB (nfkbia, nfnb1), cytokines (ifnε, ifnk, ifna2, ifnb1, ifnγ, il6, il1b, il12a, tnf), chemokines (ccl3, ccl4, сcl5, cxcl9, cxcl10, cxcl11), interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs) (oas1a, oas2, oas3, mx1), and pro-oxidation (nos2, xdh) genes. The ORNs-d-M inhibited the mRNA overexpression of tlr3, tlr7, and tlr8 induced by the influenza virus, which suggests that they impair the upregulation of NF-kB, cytokines, chemokines, ISGs, and pro-oxidation genes induced by the influenza virus by inhibiting activation of the TLR-3, TLR-7, and TLR-8 signaling pathways. By impairing activation of the TLR-3, TLR-7, and TLR-8 signaling pathways, the ORNs-d-M can modulate the innate immune response to an influenza virus infection.
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Long-Term Neuroinflammation Induced by Influenza A Virus Infection and the Impact on Hippocampal Neuron Morphology and Function. J Neurosci 2018; 38:3060-3080. [PMID: 29487124 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.1740-17.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2017] [Revised: 01/12/2018] [Accepted: 01/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute influenza infection has been reported to be associated with neurological symptoms. However, the long-term consequences of an infection with neurotropic and non-neurotropic influenza A virus (IAV) variants for the CNS remain elusive. We can show that spine loss in the hippocampus after infection with neurotropic H7N7 (rSC35M) and non-neurotropic H3N2 (maHK68) in female C57BL/6 mice persists well beyond the acute phase of the disease. Although spine number was significantly reduced at 30 d postinfection (dpi) with H7N7 or H3N2, full recovery could only be observed much later at 120 dpi. Infection with H1N1 virus, which was shown previously to affect spine number and hippocampus-dependent learning acutely, had no significant long-term effects. Spine loss was associated with an increase in the number of activated microglia, reduced long-term potentiation in the hippocampus, and impairment in spatial memory formation, indicating that IAV-associated inflammation induced functional and structural alterations in hippocampal networks. Transcriptome analyses revealed regulation of many inflammatory and neuron- and glia-specific genes in H3N2- and H7N7-infected mice at day 18 and in H7N7-infected mice at day 30 pi that related to the structural and functional alterations. Our data provide evidence that neuroinflammation induced by neurotropic H7N7 and infection of the lung with a non-neurotropic H3N2 IAV result in long-term impairments in the CNS. IAV infection in humans may therefore not only lead to short-term responses in infected organs, but may also trigger neuroinflammation and associated chronic alterations in the CNS.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT In the acute phase of influenza infection, neuroinflammation can lead to alterations in hippocampal neuronal morphology and cognitive deficits. The results of this study now also provide evidence that neuroinflammation induced by influenza A virus (IAV) infection can induce longer-lasting, virus-specific alterations in neuronal connectivity that are still detectable 1 month after infection and are associated with impairments in spatial memory formation. IAV infection in humans may therefore not only lead to short-term responses in infected organs, but may also trigger neuroinflammation and associated chronic alterations in the CNS.
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